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Vv\STO^^^ 



-OF- 



CUYAHOGA COUNTY, 



OHIO. 



PART FIRST. -GENERAL HISTORY OF THE COUNTY. 
PART SECOND. -HISTORY OF CLEVELAND. 

PART THIRD. -HISTORY OF THE TOWNSHIPS. 



r^i 



U 



"iiith portraits anH l|togra^hfi:al ^ketche^ 

ITS FK^OILvdlllsrElTT n^EHSr ^LIsTID ZPIOlsTEEI^S. 



COMPILED BY CRISFIELD JOHNSON. 



^ 



PUBLISHED BY D:,:"W. ENSIGN & CO. 



-1879. 

;0w, 



^^.., tA 



IK 
f 






PRESS OF LEADER PRINTING COMPANY, CLEVELAND, OHIO. 



CONTENTS. 



HISTOI^ia^L. 



HISTOET OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

PART FIRST. 

General History of the County. 



CHAPTER 

I.- 
II.- 
III.- 

IV.- 

V.- 

VI. 

VII.- 

VIII.- 

IX.- 

X. 

XI.- 

XII.- 

XIII.- 

XIV.- 

XV.- 

XVI.- 

XVII.- 

XVIII.- 

XIX.- 

XX.- 

XXI.- 
XXII.- 

XXIII.- 
XXIV.- 

XXV.- 

XXVI.- 

XXVII.- 

XXVIII.- 

XXIX.- 



XXXI- 

XXXII. 

XXXIII. 

XXXIV.- 

XXXV.- 

XXXVI.- 

XXXVII. 

XXXVIII. 

XXXIX, 

XL. 

XLI. 

XLII.- 

XLIII.- 



-The Situation in 1626 

-Prehistoric Speeulations .... 

-The Erics and their Destruction . 

-Disputed Dominion 

-English Dominion ..... 

-The Period from ]78;i to 1794 

-Sale and Survey ...... 

-The Period from H'JS to ISOO 

-The Period from 1801 to 1806 

-The Period from 1807 to 1812 

-The War of 1812 

-From the War to the Canal .... 

-Progress, Inttalion, and " Hard Times" 

-The Period from 1840 to 1861 

-During and since the War .... 

-First and Fifth Infantry .... 

-Seventh Infantry ...... 

-Eighth, Fourteenth, and Seventeenth Infantry 

-The Twenty-third Infantry .... 

-Twenty-fourth. Twenty-seventh, and Thirty-sev 
enth Infantry, etc. ..... 

-Forty-first Infantry ..... 

■Forty-second, Forty-third, and Fifty-second In 
fantry ....... 

-Fifty-fourth, Fifty-eighth, and Sixtieth Infantry 

-Sixty-first, Sixty-fifth, and Sixty-seventh In- 
fantry .... 

-Eighty-fourth, Eighty-sixth, and Eighty-seventh 
Infantry, etc. ...... 

-One Hundred and Third Infantry, etc. 

-One Hunilred and Seventh Infantry, etc. 

-One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Infantrv . 

-One Hundred and Twenty-fifth and One Hundro 
and Twenty-eighth Infantry 

-One Hundred and Twenty-ninth and One Hundrei 
and Fiftieth Infantry 

-The One-Year Infantry Regiment 

-The .Sharpshooters 

-Second and Sixth Cavalry, etc. 

-Tenth and Twelfth Cavalry . 

■First Light .\rtillery, etc. 

-The Independent Batteries, etc. 

-The Press .... 

-Colleges .... 

-Various Societies, etc. . 

-The National Guard, etc. 

-Census Notes 

-Cuyahoga County Civil List 

-CJcology .... 



XLIV.- 

XLV.- 

XLVI.- 

XLVII.- 

XLVIIL- 

XLIX.- 

L.- 

LI.- 

LII.- 

LIII.- 

LIV.- 

LV.- 

LVI.- 

LVII.- 

LVIII.- 

LIX.- 

LX.- 

LXI.- 

LXII.- 

LXIII.- 

LXIV.- 

LXV.- 

LXVI.- 

LXVII.- 

LXVIII.- 



PART SECOND. 

The City of Cleveland. 



-The First Four Years . 

-The Village from 1800 to 1815 

-The Village from 1815 to 1825 

-From 1825 to the City Charter 

-An Outline of Later Years . 

-Protestant Episcopal Churches 

-The Methodist Churches 

-The Presbyterian Churches . 

-The Baptist and Disciple Churche; 

-Roman Catholic Churches, etc. 

-The Congregational Churches 

-Evangelical and other Churches 

-Benevolent Institutions 

-The Masons .... 

-Odd-Fellows and Knights of Pythias 

-Foresters, Knights of Honor, and Clubs 

■Board of Trade, Banks, etc. . 

-Miscellaneous Departments and Institut 

-Manufactures 

-Schools and Libraries 

-The Cleveland Bar 

-Cleveland Civil List 

■Biographical Sketches 

" " (continued) 



PART THIRD. 



The Townships. 



130 


LXIX.- 


-Bedford . 




139 


LXX.- 


-Brecksville . 






LXXI.- 


-Brooklyn . 




140 


LXXIL- 


-Chagrin Falls . 






LXXIII.- 


-Dover . 




151 


LXXIV.- 


-East Cleveland 




15.3 


LXXV.- 


-Euclid . 




161 


LXXVI. 


—Independence 




163 


LXXVII. 


-.Mavfield 




170 


LXXVIII. 


— Middleburg . 




174 


LXXIX. 


—New burg 




181 


LXXX. 


— Olmstead 




188 


LXXXL 


—Orange 




202 


LXXXII. 


—Parma . 




204 


LXXXIII. 


— Rockport 




207 


LXXXIV. 


— Royalton 




210 


LXXXV. 


— Solon 




210 


LXXXVI. 


— Strongsville . 




214 


LXXXVIL 


— Warreusville . 





223 
229 
236 
240 



259 
263 
268 
272 
278 
285 
289 
293 
297- 
301 
306 
310 
317 
321 
.327 
348 
374 



416 
125 
13a 
443 
452 
460 
466 



484 
491 



520 
528 



B Z O C3- 1?. JL ^^ HI X O ^ 3Li. 



John W. Allen . 
Sherlock J. Andrews 
William W. Armstrong 
Elbert Irving Baldwin 
Melancthon Barnett . 
(leorge A. Benedict 
Hamilti>u Fisk Biggar 
William Bowler . 
\\\n Bradley 
Francis Branch . 
Gains Burk 
Stevenson Burke 



327 
327 
329 
329 
330 
330 
331 
332 
333 
334 
.334 
335 



Leonard Case 
Selah Chamberlain 
Henry Chisholm 
William Chisholm 
Ahira Cobb 
•Tames M. Coffinberr' 
William Collins . 
Edwin Weed Cowle.- 
Edwin Cowles . 
Samuel Cowles . 
D. W. Cross 
John Crowcll 



PAOK 

336 
337 
337 
338 
338 
340 



CONTENTS. 



BIOGI^^miO^Hj. 



John Henry Deveicux 34S 

\YilUani II. Doan 350 

Daniel P. Eells 351 

Sylvester T. Everett 352 

James Farmer .......... 353 

Seneca 0. Griswold ......... 354 

Edwin B. Hale 354 

Truman P. Handy 355 

Benjamin Harrington ........ 356 

Henry J. Herrick ......... 357 

Rensselaer R. Herrick 358 

Orlando J. Hodge 359 

Geo. William Howe 360 

James M. Hoyt . . 361 

Hinman B. Hurlijut 362 

John Hutchins .......... 363 

Levi Johnson .......... 3G3 

Alfred Kelley 364 

Thomas M. Kelley 365 

Charles Gregory King ........ 366 

Zenas King 366 

Jared Potter Kirtland 367 

David Long ... ...... 367 

Robert F. Paine 36S 

Richard C. Parsons 369 

Henry B. Payne 370 

Frederick William Pelton 371 

Jacob Perkins .......... 372 

Nathan Perry .......... 373 

Houston H. Poppleton 373 

Thomas Quaylc 374 

Daniel P. Rhodes 375 

Ansel Roberts 377 

John P. Robison 378 

William G. Rose 379 

James Henry Salisbury 379 

John C. Sanders ." 381 



PACK 

William Johnson Scott ........ 382 

Elias Sims ........... 383 

A braham D. Slaght 383 

Amasa Stone .......... 384 

Andros B. Stone 385 

Worthy S. Streator 38B 

Peter Thatcher 387 

Amos Townsend 388 

Oscar Townsend 389 

Jephtha H. Wade 390 

Samuel Williamson . . . 392 

1 Hiram V. Willson 393 

, Rufus King Winslow 394 

Reuben Wood 395 

Timothy Doane Cruckc] 395 

Rufus P. Ranney 397 

Theodore Breck lacing 410 

Moses Hunt " 412 

Moses Mathews •■ 414 

Isaiab W. Fish ■•416 

Martin Kellogg ■• 422 

Abel 8. Hinckley 424 

Harvey W. Curtiss 434 

L. 6. Porter facing 440 

John Doane .......... 450 

Col. Ezra Eddy facing 46S 

Frederick Willson 470 

.John Baldwin facing 472 

Henrv Parker ........ " 476 

A. P."Knowlton •• 47S 

David .Johnson Stearns ........ 491 

Amos Boynton .......... 495 

John P. Spencer facing 504 

Lewis Nicholson ........ " 506 

Israel D. Wagar 509 

Aianson Pomeroy ......... 527 



IIjLTJSTK.J^TIOnSrS. 



FAOE 




Cuyahoga County Court-Houses (Frontisjiic'e) . facing title.^ 


Portrait of R. R. Herrick (steel) 


Outline Map of Cuyahoga County 


13 .V 


" E. I. Baldwin '• 








Portrait of Nathan Perry (steel) 








52 


" H. F. Biggar 








" H. V. Willson " 








56 


J " William Bowler '• 
-/ •• A. Bradley 








John Crowell 








60 








" S. J. Andiews '• 








64 


A. Cobb 








" R. P. Ranney " 








68 


D. W. Cross 








H. B. Payne 








72 


J. H. Devcreux '■ 








" Stevenson Burke (steel) 








78 


S. 0. Griswold •• 








William Collins 








82 


11. J. Herrick '■ 








Geo. A. Benedict " 








ISS 


George W. Howe ■* 








R. C. Parsons 








192 


C. G. King 








Edwin Cowles " 






between 194. 195 


R. F. Paine . 








•' Edwin W. Cowles " 






194. 195 


. 11. H. Poppleton (steel) 
"^ •■ Thomas Quayle 








" Jacob Perkins " 






lacing 202 








J. P. Robison " 








20(1 


Ansel Roberts " 








Amos Townsend 








210 


J. H. Salisbury " 








W. S. Streator 








212 


J. C. Sanders 








Geological Map of Cuyahoga County 








214 <■ 


Elias Sims 








Portrait of John Hutchins (steel) 








216 


A. D. Slaght 








Profile Section Across the Cuyahoga \ 


■alle 






. 217 


Francis Branch 








Portrait of Gen. Moses Cleavcland 








facing 223"^ 


Oscar Townsend 








S. Williamson (steel) 








" 236 


T. D. Crocker 








" B. Harrington " 








240 


S. V. Harkness 








S. Chamberlain " 








244 


Theodore Breck 








Z. King 








246 


Moses Hunt . 








H. B. Hurlbut " 








256 


Moses Mathews 








" James Farmer *' 








27G 


Isaiah W. Fish 








J. H. Wade 








280 


Martin Kellogg 








Danl P. Eells " 








282 


Abel S. Hinckley . 








W. H. Doan 








284 


H. W. Curtiss(stcclj 








Peter Thatcher (steel) 








288 


L. G. Porter . 








T. P. Handy 








296 


'• John Doane (steel) 








E. B. Hale 








298 


Col. Ezra Eddy 








S. T. Everett " 








300 


'• Frederick Willson (steel) 








D. P. Rhodes 








304 


John Baldwin . 








A. B. .Stone " 








306 


Henry Parker . 








William Chisholm (steelj 




between 308, 309 


A. P. Knowlton 








Henry Chisholm " 




308, 309 


Gaius Burke . 








A. Stone 




facing 310 


David J. Stearns . 








J. M. Coffinberry 






•' 316 


John P. Spencer 








James M. lloyt " 






" .320 


*• Lewis Nicholson 








F. W. Pelton 






322 


" Israel D. Wagar (steel) 








Wm. G. Rose 








324 


" Aianson Pomeroy 









PASE 

facing 326 

328 

330 

332 

•' 334 

3.38 

344 

" 348 

" 354 

" 356 

" 360 

366 

" 36S 

372 

374 

376 

" 3-.S 

" 3S0 

" 382 

.384') 
" 381> 
388 
396 
" 400 
" 410 
412 
414 
416 
422 
425 .r 



facing 



434 
440 
450 
468 
470 
472 
476 
478 
482 
491 
504 
506 
508 
526 



NTRODUCTION, 



rr^iTE Rnl)iecfc of our history comprises tiic ]iresont 
-*- lorritory of tlie county of Cuyaliogii :iii<l tlip 
acts <)f flic iiili:ilii(;ints of (.li:i,( IcrfitDry- I'^cryt liiui;' 
lying beyond those limits will receive only sucli men- 
tion as may Iw necessary to sliow tlie connection of 
the eliain nf events. 

'I'ho work is naturally diviileil into three portions, 
'i'lie first consists of a general history of the county, 
comprising a cminecteil chronological record of the 
principal events from the earliest accounts down lo 
l\\o year 1879; followed by some statistical matter, 
by condensed histories of the principal regiments an<l 
batteries containing Cuyahoga county soldiers in the 
War for the Union, and by sketches of various organ- 
izations which pertain to the county at large, but an 
account of which cannot well be incor]iorated in the 
continuous record. 

'I'he second part is composed of a histiuT of the 
city of Cleveland constructed on the same plan; that 
is, with a general account of the city's magnilitti^nt 
])rogr('ss from its first permanent setlleinent by the 
whites l,o tlu' ])resent time, acconii)anied with separate 
sketcdies of the various churches, societies, and other 
prominent, institutions within its present corporate 
limits. 

The t.hiril \y.\rt will be occujiied l)y histories of all 
the townships in the county: each Ix-ing arrangccl on 
the same plan as that of the cily, though necessarily 
occuj)ying far less space, and tlie first settlement by 
the whites being taken as the starting point in each. 

Interspersed am<nig these city and lownshiji histo- 
ries will be found numerous portraits of citizt^ns of 
the county, accompanied by biographieal skeiches, 
together with illustrations of liiiiJdJMgs auil ii:ilur-:il 
scenerv. 



The earlier portion of the general history of ihe 
county is necessarily derived entirely from liooks. 
while for the later p.-M-t, contributions have also been 
levied im news[ia[)ers, manuscript i-eeords and per- 
sonal reminiscences. l''or tlu' city a,nd township 
histories we have depiMided pi'ineipally on the three 
last named sources of information, it being seldom 
that we find ci-ystalized in books the fads occurring 
during the present cenlui-y, to which those minor 
histories principally relate. 

In regard to early history, we are under especial 
obligations to fJolonel Charles Whittlesey's •• Karly 
History of Cleveland." As Colonel Whittlesey has 
gone over the same ground, many of the facts nar- 
rated l)y us relating to tlu^ title and survey of the 
Westei-n Ticservc, and the first settlement of the 
county, arc also mentioned by him, although we have 
consulted many other a.nthorities and original manu- 
scripts, and some surviving residc'uts of the county 
previous to the war of ISPi, and liavi' added consid- 
er;d)le to the stores contained in Ihe Colonel's valuable 
repository. The arrangement, tlie language and the 
conclusions ai-e entirely our own. 

We also beg leave to acknowl(Mlg(' our obligations 
to the following volumes, which we have had oc- 
casion to consult during the ])rogress of our work: 
Howe's nistorieal Collections of Ohio; rarknnvn's 
Cionspiracy of Pontiac: Tarkman's Jesuits in North 
America; rarkman's |)isco\ery of Ihe Northwest; 
Bancroft's History of the I'nitcd Stales: Hompiets' 
Expedition against the Ohio liulians; Crawford's 
('ampaign against the Indiansof Sandusky; Lossing's 
Field Book of the War of ISl-.'; Ueid's Ohio in the 
War; Joblin's (Heveland Past and I'rcsent: I''recse's 
Karlv Historv of ( 'levi'laiid Scl Is: lli-ber Kdiie.-i- 



OiitlhieMitp of 

CUYAHOGA Co. 




L I A 



General History of Cuyahoga County, 



CHAPTER I. 

THE SITUATION IN 1626. 

First, lnf..rni:iti..n-Tlie Neuter Nation- Tin- Kries— Their C'niui.-etii.u 
Witli the Iroiiuois— Their Looatiou— Open Cirmind to the Smith— 
Neighbors im the West-Sliglit Knowledge of the Eries— Ueiiera' 
rharacl^T of the Indians— Meager Authority of Sachems and Chiefs 
—Absence of Property and of Jealousy — Forest and Game. 

The first dcfiuilo knowledge regarding tlie occu- 
pants of the south shore of Lake Erie dates from tlie 
year 1020, wlien Father La Koclie Daillou, a " Recol- 
lot" missionary, preached among tlic Attiwuiular- 
tinkx, more commonly known as the Knhquahs. called 
by the French the Xcuter Xafion. Tliis peculiar 
tribe was principally located in the Canadian penin- 
sula on the north shore of Lake Erie, having, how- 
ever, several outlying villages on tlie east side of the 
Niagara, and extending a short distance from BulTalo 
uj) the soutlieastern side of the lake. 

Before going farther, we may note that at the time 
our story begins, the French had been for twenty- 
three years established on the sliores of the St. 
Tjawrence, the Dutch were already located at the 
mouth of the Hudson, while the Pilgrim Fathers had 
for si.\ years been sternly battling with want, and 
hardshi|), and danger, on the rock-bound shores of 
New England. The jiosition of the French on Ihe 
St. Lawrence gave them a great advantage in jirose- 
cutiug discoveries and estalilishing posts along the 
great lakes, and that adventurous petiple were well 
disposed to make the fullest possible use of their 
opportunities. 

P'rom the information obtained by Father Daillon 
during his sojourn among the JVcHfer Nafion, eked 
out by oec;isional reports from straggling French 
hunters and fror/iiois chiefs, it appears that at that 
time all the southern shore of the lake, from the 
mouth of Cattaraugus creek, in New York, to the 
vicinity of Sandusky bay, was occupied by a powerful 
tribe of Indians, called Kric or KriikrouonH (peo|)lc 
of Erie) and known by the French as the Naliun of 
the Cat. It is not e.\;ietly certain that '' Erie " meant 
"cat'' in the Indian language, but such is believed 
to be the ctise. Some writers have claimed that the 
Eriex and Neuters were the .same nation, but the 
weight of evidence is decidedly in favor of their sep- 
arate existence, and the powerful authority of Park- 



man ("Jesuit!? of North America," p. 44) is on the 
same side. 

liittle is known nf the Hries save that they were a 
powerful trilic. of kindred blood with the celebrated 
Jrui/uuis. or Fioc yiUiuns, and speaking a dialect of 
the same language. In fact, according to the most 
profound students of Indianology (if wc may be al- 
lowed to coin a convenient word) the Irui/iiais, the 
Xeiitvr JVativH, the L'rie.s and the Ilurvns wei-c all 
parts of one aboriginal stock, while around them, on 
the north, the east and the south were various branches 
of the still larger Alfjuju/uiu race. Tradition asserts 
that at one time the authority of the Eries extended 
as far east as the Genesee river in New York, which 
was the boundary between them and the tierce iSeiie- 
cdfi, the westernmost nation of Ww Iroquvin confeder- 
acy. Their villages, however, were on the shore of 
the lake which bears their name, and as near as can 
be ascertained, their jiriiicijial seats stretched from 
the vicinity of the i>re.seiit city of Erie to that of 
Cleveland. 

'J"o the southward there wa.s a vast t)peii s)iac('. al- 
ternately the hunting ground and the battlctield of 
rival tribes, over which the I'Jries could range with 
more or less ditiiculty, to the confines of the Chuctuws 
and Clierukees. On the west and northwest were the 
lands of tliei)owerfnl Of/a/i'ds, Fulluwattomies, thiji- 
pewitx and Mi«inis. It will be nuderstood that the 
word "powerful " is used in a relative .sense, meaning 
[lowerful for a tribe of Indians. 'J'he SciurUD, the 
strongest of the Five Ndtioiis, had luit about a thou- 
sand warriors, and it is not i)robahle that either of the 
western tribes, including the Eries, had more than 
that number. 

Less is known of the Fries than of most other In- 
dian tribes, for during the middle [lart of the seven- 
teenth century the French missionaries and fur-traders 
were generally deterred by the enmity of the Jnn/uuis 
from taking the route to the West by way of Lake 
Lric, and ere that route was opened to European 
travel (he Erie nation was blotted out of existence, 
as will hereafter be described. From the slight ac- 
counts which have reaciied us, liowever, it is evident 
that they did not differ materially from the other In- 
dian tribes which surrounded them, and whose char- 
acteristics are so well known to Americans. 



14 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Pierce, cruel and intractable, the men spent their 
time in hunting and lighting, while the women not 
only performed their domestic labors, but bore all 
burdens when attending their masters, and planted, 
tended and gathered the maize, the pumpkins and 
the beans, which were the principal vegetable food of 
the tribe. Slight indeed were the bonds of govern- 
ment imposed on these most democratic of republic- 
ans. A few of the elder men were known as sachems, 
a position rather of honor than of jwwer, though they 
exercised a gentle authority in maintaining order at 
home, and determined whether there shonld be peace 
or war with neighboring tribes. 

In war, the leadership of the tribe devolved on 
younger men, called war-chiefs, but even these had 
no authority resembling that exercised by the ofiicers 
of a civilized army. War being once declared, any 
ambitious chief could raise a party of volunteers to 
go on a raid against the enemy. They usually fol- 
lowed his guidance, but in case they refused to obey 
him there was no punishment known to Indian law 
which could be inflicted upon them. Even if one of 
them showed cowardice, the severest chastisement 
visited upon him was to call him a "squaw," and de- 
bar him henceforth from the honors and privileges of 
a warrior. This, however, was a terrible punishment 
to men whose only idea of glory or fame was in con- 
nection with warlike prowess. Sometimes, in cases 
of great importance, the chiefs called the whole nation 
to arms, but even then those who failed to respoud 
were merely designated as "s(|uaws," and left in com- 
pany with the squaws. 

Of civil government there was little need. Fero- 
cious as the Indians were against their enemies, the 
members of the various tribes seldom (juarreled amono- 
themselves. There was not much for them to quar- 
rel about. There was ahnost no individual property 
save the stone tomahawk, the bow and the arrows 
which each man could nuiiiufacture for himself; so 
there were no contests arising from the sin of eovet- 
ousness. The marriage bond sat lightly ui)on tjiem, 
although they were not a j)eculiarly licentious race. 
They were merely apatiietic in that respect, and mar- 
ital iulidelity did not awaken the anger often felt 
among barljarous nations no purer than the Indians; 
so there were few i|uarrels about women. Licpior had 
not been introduced among tliem, and thus another 
large cUiss of troubles was avoided. 

True, they had ferocious and malignant tempers, 
but it was not necessary to exercise them at home, 
and until after the introduction of liquor they seldom 
did so. If a number of Eric braves felt their native 
fierceness gnawing in (heir breasts till it must have 
vent, it was needless for them to slay each other; they 
could get up a war party, go forth and scalp a few 
Ol/aint women, or burn a eai)tuied Sciicm warrior, 
and be happy. 

The whole Indian system was opjiosud to the idea 



of stringent government. Parental restraint over 
children was of the lightest kind, though great def- 
erence was paid to age in both men and women. The 
little copper-colored rogues ran about in naked bless- 
edness, doing whatsoever they liked; the girls, as they 
a])proached womanhood, expecting nothing else than 
to share the labors of the wigwam and cornfield, while 
the adolescent boys eagerly trained themselves to be- 
come hunters and warriors. 

When the Un'et: were the lords over the territory of 
Cuyahoga county there was ample opportunity for the 
young braves to exercise themselves there in the ex- 
hilarating duties of the chase. The level or gently 
undulating ground, composed of sandy soil near the 
lake and a clayey loam farther back, was covered with 
a gigantic growth of beeches, ma])les, oaks, elms, etc., 
probably unsurpassed on the continent. The Indians 
were in the habit of burning off the underbrush so 
that they could more readily see the game, and this 
killed the small trees, but caused the large ones to 
attain magnificent proportions. 

Here the deer wandered in great numbers. Here 
and there, in some aged and hollow tree, the black 
bear made his hermitage through the wintry days, 
coming forth in tiie spring to feed on roots and ber- 
ries, and, later, on the ample supply of nuts and acorns 
aifordcd by the forest. Here, too, was occasionally 
heard the fierce scream of the American ])anther, at 
which even the hardy Indian youths shrank back in 
dismay, leaving the task of confronting that dreaded 
foe to the bravest warriors of the tribe. 

Numerous birds flitted among the trees, on which 
tiie children could test the strength of their tiny bows 
and their own accuracy of aim, while at long intervals 
the lordly eagle soared far overhead, or circled swiftly 
downward to seize his ]jrey, usually defying with ini- 
jiunity the arrows even of the most renowned bowmen 
of the forest. Upon the earth, among many hann- 
less congeners, crawled the deadly rattlesnake, which, 
however, was easily avoided by the dark youth, shod 
with wariness and bnskined with cunning. 

Life was even more abundant in the water than on 
shore. The lake swarmed with pike, pickerel, stur- 
geon, whitefish, etc., etc., some of which found their 
way into the river, where they were met by the gleam- 
ing trout from the u})land streams. 

Such was Cuyahoga county and its inhabitants at 
the time when the first jiccouuts regarding this locali- 
ty came to the knowledge of the whites. Even then, 
those accounts were very vague, but, as they have 
been eked out by suhsei|uently aecpiired knowledge, 
one is able to bring u}) before the mind's eye a toler- 
ably accurate picture of this ]>rimeval period. Befori', 
however, we move forward from this standpoint, it is 
l)roj>er to make brief mention of that long, vague 
period whi(^h antedates all reliable information, and 
is commonly called the pre-historic era. 



PRE-IIISTOUIC Sl'KCULATIONS. 



15 



CHAPTER II. 

PRE-HISTORIC SPECULATIONS. 

Ri-lii-s ill Norllu'i-nOliio— The Mound Hciil(liTs-(llil KoTtillcaliiins of this 
Itt-uii'ii— Works in Cleveland — In Nowlmrtc In Imlepenilence— At 
Ihc Forks of KiH-ky Uivcr— Outside the (Nmnty— In Western New 
York -Ahsenre of lAtrge Mounds — Coffins iit (Miasrin F.alls-Evi 
licnce .of Modor.ite Sized Ancients— The Jaw Kone Theory-Indian 
I'aHsailes— Their Superiority to Breastworks— Ahseiice of Melal In 
si ruini'iiljs- Conclusion in Favor o{ Ancient Indian Occupancy. 

So I'AU its is :it'tu;illy kiKiwii, l-lic /Jriis niiulit liaxc 
l)(H'n hi've ten yciirs, or u liiindiuil yi'iir.s, or a t.liou- 
saml ydiirs. licforc tlicy were heard of l)y tlio French. 
'I'ct I he restless and hclli£;erent. (diaracltM- of the 
,\inci'ii'an Indian.s makes it. iniiirohaiiic^ iJiat any 
l.i-ilie would remain many contiirio.s in llie same 
liicalilv, and doiiliLless the £"/•(>« gained their title to 
lliis region liy the good old ])roeess of driving away or 
exterminating the preecdiiig lord.s of the land, whose 
rights were similarly gronnded upon slaughter and 
rnu(|uest.. 

Itut. aside from the prohahle oeeiipaney of theeonii- 
ti V liy successive tribes of red nu^n, there are works 
and relies still extant in Cuyahoga county, as well 
as in other parts of northern Ohio, in IVnnsylvania 
and in New York, which have led many to believe that 
a race of a much higher grade of civilization than the 
Indians once inhabited these regions. Those old in- 
habitants are supposed to have been akin to the cele- 
liialcd though somewhat mythical "Mound-Hiiihlcrs" 
iif the Ohio valley. But the works attributed to the 
iatl(n' people are of a far different character from those 
of their northern neighbors, including not only exten- 
sive fortilications capable of sheltering ten, fiftc^eu or 
even twenty thousand men, but enormous mounds, 
sometimes seven or eight hundred feet in circiiin- 
ference at the base and .seventy feet high, and suji- 
|)()sed to have been devoted to religious sacrilices. 

Without entering into any discussion on the char- 
acter or origin of the " Mound-Builders," which 
would be entirely foreign to the purpose of this vol- 
ume, it is safe to say that the works extant in Cuya- 
hoga county and the rest of the lake region bear no 
indicat ions of having been erected by a race superior to 
the American Indians. Nay, they show strong attirma- 
tive evidence that their architects were mil superior 
to the red men discovered here by tlio Europeans. 
The works in (piestion arc mostly fortifications of 
moderate extent, the enclosed space rarely exceeding 
live acres. In a majority of cases advantage lias 
been taken of a strong natural jiosition, where only a 
small amount of labor was necessary to fortify it. 

Such is the ease at one of the best ])rescrved of 
these embankments in Cnyalioga county. It is 
within the limits of Cleveland city, but in what was 
formerly the town of Newburg; being between IJroad- 
wiiy and the Cuyahoga river, and only a short dis- 
tance from tliat stream. The natural position con- 
sisted of a peninsula surrounded on three sides by 
ravines nearly sixty feet deep, with stcc]), clayey sides, 
and joineil to the main land on the south by a nar- 
row islhinns. (tii this isthmus, .it the narrowest 



point, the occupants of the sitnation built two em- 
bankments, the outer one extending completely across 
the neck, the inner one reaching nearly but not (piite 
across the isthmus, leaving a narrow entrance-way on 
the west side. The bight of both embankments is 
about two feet, and each has a ditch on its out(M'side, 
now very shallow, but ap|iaii'iitlv at one lime some 
til ice feet deej). 

The space thus enclosed contains about five acres, 
and, although the land outside the ravines is of the 
same bight as that within the "fort," yet foemen 
would have fiuind it dilliciilt to .send their arrows to 
llie center of the enclosed space through the natural 
growth of trees, even supixisiiig th;it, the defenders 
knew nothing of the art of building palisades, <in 
which point there is no ('vid(■n^(^ 

Most of the other fortilications are of a similar 
character, tlic object in each case being to fortify an 
istlinuis, and thus hold a kind of iieniiisiila or proin- 
ontorv, nearly surrounded by ravines. 

Just outside the city limits, in the present town- 
ship of Newburg and close to the (Juyahoga, is an- 
other of these labor-saving fortilications, the enclosed 
space being about the si/e of the one above describeil, 
and the protecting ravines being even deeper, though 
not .so steep; 

Two miles farther up the river, in the township 
of Independence, is still another of these enclosures, 
the area in this case being nearly ten acres. There 
arc two embankments across the isthinns, with a 
ditch between them and another outside of the outer- 
most breastwork. 

In the same township, a short <listance north of 
Tinker's creek, is another fortification by which a 
promontory among the blulfs is defended from the 
apiiroach of an enemy. 

At the forks of Rocky river, close to the line be- 
tween the townships of Middlcburg and Olinstead, 
was one of the most remarkable of these primitive 
fortresses. It is a lofty clitf, almost surrounded by 
the waters of the west branch of the river, with no 
method of reaching the top .save by an obli(pie and 
dilficult path cut in the almost perpendicular side. 
In front of this path were three lines of breastworks. 
From two to three feet high each, with ditches in front 
of them, as in the case of the others before men- 
tioned. This was one of the most formidable of these 
peculiar fortifications to be found in this county. 

Outside of the county there arc, in northern Ohio, 
many other works more elaborate and important than 
those above mentioned, but all evidently constructed 
for the same purpose— that of fortifying with a little 
labor a strong natural position. Among these stroiig- 
h(dds there is one in Northfiold, Summit county, 
where a promontory of about four acres, two hundred 
feet above the Cuyahoga, is fortified by intrenchmcnts 
across a very narrow ridge connecting it with the back 
country; one at Weymoutli, Meilina county, where a 
peninsula of less than an acre, formed by a bend of 
Koekv river, is defended by three lines of intrench- 



16 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



ment, from four to six feet high, counting from the 
bottom of the ditcli to tiie top of the bank; one near 
Piiinesville, Lake county, where a narrow peuinsuhi is 
fortified by two embankments, tiic tops of which are 
not less than nine feet from tlie l)ottom of the ditches 
outside. There is also one near Conneaut, Ashtabula 
county, but this is 'on a somewhat different plan; a 
space of five acres on the toj) of a detached mound, 
seventy feet high, being entirely surrounded by a 
circular intrenchnu'nt. 

There were, at the time of tlie first settlement, a 
large number of similar rude fortifications in western 
New York, but there was less attention paid tliere to 
the defense of peninsulas and promontories; a majority 
of the works boiug complete redoubts, each enclosed 
by a siugle wall, a few feet high, with a ditch outside. 
Some were on detached hills or mounds, Imt many 
were in the valleys or on the open plains, and have 
consequently been obliterated by cultivation. One of 
the largest fortresses of that section, known as Fort 
Hill, and situated in the town of Le Roy, Genesee 
county, contained, when first discovered, great piles of 
round stones, evidently intended to l)e used against 
assailing foes. 

Nowhei-e in the lake region are there found any of 
those immense mounds, so prominent in the Ohio 
valley, from wliicii the luime of " Mound-Builders " 
has been derived, and applied to an unknown race of 
men. Some small mounds, a few feet high, have, 
however, been discovered, generally in the vicinity of 
the fortifications before described, and probably in- 
tended as burial-places. One of these mounds, situ- 
ated near Chagrin Falls, was opened in 1840, and 
found to contain four rude, stone coffins, without lids; 
three of tbem being of the proper size for an onli- 
nary man, and one suitable for a half-grown boy. 

These coffins are the strongest evidences with which 
we are acquainted of the existence of an early race, 
more advanced than the Lidians. So far as known 
the Lidians never made stone coffins. On the other 
hand those articles negative most decidedly the opin- 
ion frequently advanced, that the ancient inhabitants 
of this region, be they of what race they might, were 
superior in bight to the jieople of modern times. It 
is very certain that in numerous instances the thigh- 
bone of a big Indian has, by an imaginative process 
of reconstruction, been developed into a whole race of 
pre-historic giants. A commonly quoted evidence on 
this point is the statement that some venerable jaw- 
bone, taken from an ancient mound, will "'fit right 
on over" the jaw of an ordinary, adult white man; the 
easy reasoner forgetting that any concave body will 
"fit right on over " a convex one iis large as itself, sind 
that a score of bowls or kettles of the same siz.e will 
"fit" each other to perfection. 

So far as the fortifications an' concerned there is 
absolutely nothing to show that their builders were 
superior to the inhabitants discovered by the white 
men. True, the Indians, wlien first discovered, did 
not build earthen breastworks, but they did build 



palisades, requiring more labor and ingenuity than 
the much vaunted earthworks. The palisaded castles 
of th(! Fire JVa/iun.i were almost impregnable to any 
foe not ])rovided with fire-arms, and doubtless the 
kindred, thougb hostile, Eries had provided them- 
selves with similar defenses. The first Frenchman 
who came to Montreal found there an Indian town of 
fifty cabins, encompassed by three lines of palisades, 
made of closely fitted timbers, near thirty feet high. 
On the inside there was a lofty wooden rampart, 
reached by ladders, and always kept well supplied 
with stones with which to assail an enemy. 

Such a fortress shows a much greater progress in 
architectui-al skill than do the rude earthworks previ- 
ously described. Moreover, considering that wooden j 
arrows and stone tomahawks were the most effective I 
weapons of the Indians, it is i)lain that the palisades 
wei'c a great improvement on the breastworks as a 
protection against an enemy. Since artillery has 
come into use among the whites, wooden and even 
stone defenses have been abandoned in favor of earthen 
ones, into which the balls of an enemy sink without 
destrnctive results. Hut there was no danger of either 
wooden or earthen walls being destroyed by arrows 
or stone tomahawks; the problem was to prevent the 
foe from shooting or climbing over the barrier. For 
this pur|)o,se it is evident that the palisade thirty feet 
high was immensely superior to the low breastwork, 
which could only with immense labor be raised five or 
six feet above the surrounding country. 

Moreover, while the intrenchment could hardly be 
employed to advantage except on some strong natural 
position, wliere its slight liight was eked out by the 
ascent from lower ground, the palisade could be built 
on the very bank of a stream, or in the midst of a 
maize field, and afford almost perfect protection to 
the cabins placed inside. While, therefore, among a 
people wjio use artillery, earthen fortifications are an 
advance on wooden or stone ones, yet the palisades of 
the /ro(/i(oi.t and Nries show them to have advanced 
in defensive skill Ijeyond the men who erected the 
earthworks of northern Ohio and western New York, 
though very probably the former were descended from 
the latter. 

The coffins at (Hiagrin Falls are far stronger evi- 
dences of ancient superiority to the Indians than are 
the breastworks, but while it is true that Indians gen- 
erally did not make stone coffins, yet they did make 
weapons and utensils of stone, snch as tomahawks, etc., 
and tbe existence of the larger articles in this vicinity 
may be due to the fact that northern Ohio is mucii 
more prolific than other sections in stone which is 
easily shaped into any required form. 

Another circumstance, showing that the pre-historic 
inlial>itants of this region were of the same nice as 
the Indians, or an inferior one, is the fact that no 
metal instruments, not even of copper, have come 
down to us from the pre-historic era. Flint arrow- 
heads, fiint knives, stone hatchets, there are in abun- 
dance — all of the same kind as those used by the 



THE RRIES AND THEIR DESTRUCTION. 



ir 



Indians — and if nielal instniiiicnts bad existed some 
of Uioni would certainly liavo reniaint'd to Mio present 
day. 

Bftwoc'ii the borders of ivakc Krie anil tbe valleys 
of soutberii Obio, tbere is a tract wbieb lias been well 
desi.<,niated by Colonel Wbittlesey avS a neutral ,<>rouiid 
lictween tiie inhabitants of those localities. Without 
.■iltenii)ting to cross this open space and risk ourselves 
among tlic shades of the mythical " Mound-Uuilders," 
jjnt. looking only at the region of the great lakes, we 
may consider ourselves on tolerably iirni ground. 
'I'lie Indians were here when the white men first came; 
I ho relics of ancient times generally show not superi- 
ority over, but inferiority to, the works of the red 
men, and tiio very strong probability i.s that some of 
tlie numertuis tribes of Indians, in a more or less ad- 
vanced state, were the masters of this region from the 
lime it first had hiiman occupants until they gave 
w.iv t(i tlu' insatiate invaders from Eurojie. 



CIIAPTKU III. 

THE ERIES AND THEIK DESTKUCTION. 

The Eries littli- kniiwu to the French— Power of the Iroiiuois— Destruc- 
tion of the Kahquahs— Iroquois Tradition Regardinc the Overthrow 
of the Eries— The I^atter hear of the LeaRue of the Five Nations— An 
Athletic C^ontest with the Senecas— Bloody Work— An Attempted Sur- 
I>rise— A (ireat Battle— Defeat of the Eries— Probability of the Story 
Considered— Another Accounl^-Butcherj' of the Erie Ambassadors— 
Burning of an Onondaga Chieftjiin- Wrath of the Confederates— Tlie 
Next Spring they Set Out— Appioaching the Stronghold— Description 
of the Warriors— The Assault— The Victory— Vengeance-Return of 
the Iroipjoia. 

DruiNii the first ipiarter of a century after the ex- 
istence of the Erii'tt became known to the French, 
very little occurred wiiich has become matter of his- 
tory or even of tradition. Tbe Gallic explorers with 
undaunted footstejis m:ide their way to the shores of 
Lakes Huron and Ontario, but Lake Erie was almost 
an unknown sea l-o them. Hetween its waters and 
I lie French settlements in Canada were the homes of 
the fierce, untamable Iroqiioix, against whom Cham- 
plain, the founder of Canada, h;id needlessly waged 
war, ,Mii(l who had become the most implacable 
enemies of the French colonists. These celebrated 
confederates, already the terror of surrounding tribes, 
were rai)idly rising to still wider dominion, ])artly on 
aeconnt of the strength deri\ed trom their well- 
planned union, and partly on account of l\w facility 
with wliich they could obtain fire-arms and amtnuiii- 
lion from the Diitcii on the Hudson river, who were 
very glad to have so good a guard located between 
them and the adventurous Frenchmen of Canada. 
Ivpiipped with these terrible weapons, and strong in 
their five-fold alliance, the Irorjitois wreaked terrible 
\engcance not only on the countrymen of Champlain, 
but on their numerous foes of their own race, little 
foreseeing that the destruction of their Indian rivals 
would only leave themselves the less able to resist the 
advance of the Europeans. 



There was occasional warfare between the lr(i</viiix 
and the Eries, but the Kah<jnaUs, or Neuter Nulinn, 
whose seats were on both sides of the Niagara rivtq- 
and extended a short distance up the soutii side of 
Lake Erie, lay ))artly between the rivals, and were 
then at peace with both; so the enemies were con- 
strained to liridle their hatred when they met on Ktih- 
ijuah ground, or, as some accounts say, only when in 
tbe imniediiite vicinity of the Kah(juah villages. Tbe 
Kiiliqudlis mtiintaineil a similar neutrality between 
tbe Ir(i</7iois anil tlu^ /fiirons of Canada, and hence 
the French designation of " /ai Niilion Nexlre." 
They were not (Quakers, by any means, however, and 
often waged war against distant Ifibes. 

liiit the time was rapidly ajiproacbing when their 
neutrality would no longer serve to shield them from 
the aggressive spirit of the Irnt/uois. In the autumn 
of 1050, the Frre Niitiniif:, having already destroyed 
tbe Hitrniis, burst like a thunderbolt upon the un- 
fortunate Kiihinahsi, defeated them in battle, burned 
a liirge number of their villages and slaughtered the 
inhabitants. The next spring l-liey renewed the 
assault, and utterly destroyed the Kdltqiiah^ as ;i 
nation, slaying all except a few whom they adopted 
into their own tribes, and a few more who fled for 
safety to the Indians of the Far West, among whom 
they soon lost their separate identity. 

Naught now interjxKsed between the Eries and 
their arrogant foes, the Five No lions. Experience 
showed that they might soon expect an assault made 
with all the strength of the confederacy, and no doubt 
they jn-epared for its coming. The story of the final 
struggle is only to be derived from the vague and 
boastful traditions of the Irar/tiois, for of the Eries 
none are left to tell the tale of their people's ruin. 
One account, which has liecn widely i(noted, was pub- 
lished in the Buffalo Coinmerritil Advertiser in 184."). 
and is said to have been vouched for by ''Governor 
Rlacksnake," a celebrated Seneca chief then nearly a 
hundred years old, and by other aged warriors of the 
Five Nations. 

It repre.^cnts tluit " when tlu- Eries beard of the 
confederation between the Molutwks. Oneiilns, (hion- 
dnrjds, Ciiyuyas and Sener,as," they imagined it must 
be for some mischievous purpose. To discover its 
meaning they invited the Iroquois to send a hundred 
of their most athletic young men, to play a game of 
ball with a like number selected by the Eries, for a 
heavy wager. The invitation was declined. Next 
year it was rei)eated, iuit again declined. A third 
time the ehallenge was sent, and this time it was ac- 
eepteil. 

A hundred men, the flower of the Iroquois youiU, 
went forth, unarmed, to meet their antagonists. The 
two parties met near the site of Buffalo. A large 
amount of wampum-belts, buffalo robes, beaded moc- 
casins, etc., Wits deposited on each side as a wager, and 
then the game was played. TMie Iroquois were suc- 
cessful. The Eries then challenged the victors to a 
foot-r;ice between ten of the fastest runners. The 



18 



GENERAL HISTORY OP CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



challenge was accepted, and the Iroquois were again 
victorious. By this time the Eries were extremely 
angry, and their chief proposed a wrestling match 
Ijotwcen ten of the best men on each side; it being 
understood that the victor in each case should toma- 
hawk his adversary and tear off his scalp as a trophy. 
The Iroquois accepted tiie proposition, determined, 
however, as they say, not to enforce the bloody penalty 
provided they were the conquerors. In the first 
match a Senera threw his antagonist, but declined to 
slay him. The infuriated chief of the Eries immedi- 
ately drove his own tomahawk into the brains of his 
prostrate champion. A second and a third Erie met 
the same fate. The chief of the Iroquois, seeing the 
terrible excitement which prevailed among the Eries, 
put a stop to this remarkable "sport," and quickly 
led his men back to their own homes. 

This inglorious contest increased the jealousy of the 
Eries. They determined to attiick the Seneras, who 
resided on Seneca lake, in the present State of New 
York, hoping to destroy them ere the other confed- 
erates could interfere. A Seneca woman, married 
among the Eries, fled and informed her countrymen 
of the intended assault. All the warriors of the Five 
Nations rallied to meet it. The two armies met on 
the east side of the Genesee river. After a long and 
bloody combat, elaborately described by Blacksnake 
and his friends, after the Eries had seven times been 
driven across a small stream which ran across the bat- 
tle field, and had every time regained their ground, 
they were forced back for the eighth time, and a 
corps of a thousand young Iroquois warriors, which 
had been held in reserve, was let loose upon the rear 
of their exhausted foes. This decided the day, and 
the Eries were almost entirely annihilaced by the 
vigorous young warriors. The Iroquois army fol- 
lowed their defeated enemies to their homes, destroyed 
their villages, and slew all but a few wretched men and 
women, who fled in terror to the tribes farther west. 

Such is the substance of the story as preserved by 
Iroquois tradition, but it is altogether too good a story 
for the Five Nations. It shows them meek under 
provocation, successful in every athletic contest, and 
acting entirely on the defensive in the war which re- 
sulted in the destruction of their foes. The state- 
ment in the beginning that the movements of the 
Eries were caused by their hearing of the formation 
of the Iroquois league, shows the dubious character 
of the whole story, for that league had been in exist- 
ence at least half a century when the Eries were 
destroyed, and probably much longer. The confed- 
eracy had again and again demonstrated its power, 
and it would be absurd to suppose that their near 
neighbors and bitter enemies, the Eries, did not 
know all about it. Some portions of the tradition 
may be true, but it is so partial to the Iroquois that 
no dependence can be placed upon it. Almost the 
only certain thing in the whole story is that there was 
a war between the Iroquois and the Eries, and that 
the latter were defeated and destroyed. 



The most reliable account of the last great contest 
between the Iroquois and the Eries is that given by 
Parkman in his "Jesuits of North America." This 
is also derived principally from Indian tradition, but 
the statements of the red men have been carefully 
sifted by that experienced historian, and have been 
compared with contemporary accounts of French 
missionaries. Moreover, it is quite in consonance 
with the nature of the Iroquois and the known results 
of the case. It appears from this account that in 
10.53 a treaty of peace was made between the Eries 
and the Senecas, the nearest and most powerful of the 
Iroquois tribes, and the former nation sent thirty 
ambassadors to the Seneca country to confirm it. 
While they were there a quarrel arose in which a Sen- 
eca warrior was killed by one of the Eries. The 
countrymen of the deceased, regardless of the sacred 
office of the ambassadors (according to civilized ideas), 
immediately fell upon them and slew the whole thirty. 

When the Eries heard of this butchery, of course 
the war was at once renewed. One of the parties 
sent to harass the Iroquois captured an Onnii(Jaf/a 
chief, and returned with him in triumph to their own 
country. Indian custom required that he should be 
burned at the stake to appease the shades of their 
slaughtered brethren. Some of the older and wiser 
sachems objected. Such an act would make the 
whole confederacy perfectly implacable, although pre- 
vious to that time the quarrel had been principally 
with the Senecns. The Five Nations, partly armed 
with European weapons, had shown their immense 
power by scattering the great Huron nation to the four 
winds and by utterly destroying the Kaliquahs, and 
it would be madness to invoke the unappeasable wrath 
of the terrible confederacy. On the other hand the 
young warriors were furious for revenge, and besides 
it was almost a jiositive law among them that the 
blood shed by their foes should be repaid with torture 
whenever an opportunity offered. 

There was, however, one way of escape. It was an 
immemorial custom that a prisoner's life might be 
saved at the request of a near relative of a slain war- 
rior, who adojsted him in place of the deceased. It 
was determined to give the Onondaya to the sister of 
one of the slaughtered ambassadort\ She was then 
absent, but it was not doubted that she would accept 
the prisoner in place of her brother, since by that 
means alone could the stern requirements of Indian 
law be reconciled with the safety of her people. She 
soon returned, and was earnestly solicited to acquiesce 
in the arrangement. But no; she would have no 
such brother as that. 

"Let him be burned," she said; and the party of 
vengeance was thus reinforced by all who held in es- 
pecial reverence the ancient customs of the tribe. 
The unfortunate Onondaga was doomed to the stake, 
and submitted to his terrible fate with the usual sto- 
icism of an Indian warrior. But, as they were a])oiit 
to light the funei-al pile, he declared that they were 
burning the whole Eric nation, and many a prudent 



TUE ERIES AND TUEIU DESTKUCTION. 



19 



old sachem foreboded the accoinplishmenfc of the 
prophesy. 

When the news rcaehed the Irui/nois, tlie whole 
confederacy was in a fury of rage. Mohawks, Onvi- 
(liis and Ciii/m/its were as eager for revenge as the 
Suiur(i>i:iind the Onouddf/ng, wliose chief had suffered 
the last punishment of savage hate, were even more 
so. The approach of winter })revented an immediate 
movement against the Eriex, bnt in the spring of 
10,")-t nearly all tiie Iroquois warriors were summoned 
to the held. An army was litted out which Le Moine, 
a Jesuit missionary then among the Oiioiidagas, esti- 
mated at eighteen hundred men — an immense num- 
ber when compared with an ordinary Indian war party. 

The Erics, sensible of their danger, had retreated 
to the western part of their territory — probably to 
the vicinity of Cleveland — and had there fortified 
themselves with palisades, strengthened by an abattis 
of forked trees. The Iroquois estimated the number 
of the Erie warriors at two thousand, but this was 
|iiobably one of the nsual exaggerations of an enemy. 
The Senvcas, by far the most j)owerful of the Five 
Xdtioiis, could only muster a thousand warriors, and 
there is no reason to su))pose the Erics were stronger. 
I'robably they were weaker. 

After a long march through the forest, the Iroquois 
approached the stronghold of their enemies. A few 
carried muskets or anpiebuses, and ammunition, 
either purchased from the Dutch or captured from 
the French. Two wore French costumes, doubtless 
stripped from the l)odies of slaiu enemies. At length 
the long column of the confederates arrived in front 
of the fortress of the Eries, and sjjiead themselves 
out inline. Other armies have Ijeen larger and better 
<liseiplined, but few have made a more terrifying 
appearance than that which now stood awaiting the 
signal for the onslaught. 

The war costume of an Indian in the olden time 
consisted of a small breech-clout of deerskin, and a 
crest of as many bright colored feathers as he could 
oljtaiu. His face and naked body were painted with 
jiigments of red, yellow and black, arranged in the 
most, fantastic and hideous designs that the artist 
(■.)uld invent. A thousand or more savages, thus ar- 
rayed anil decorated, and known to be filled with the 
most furious hatred, must have presented an aj)i)al- 
ling appearance to any but the hardiest foes. Nearly 
every man carried the bow, the arrows and the war 
club which had been the wea])ons of his fathers, but 
a f jw, as has been said, were provided with fire-arms, 
and many iiad substituted iron hatchets and knives 
for the stone tomahawks and flint scalpers of their 
ancestors. The war-chiefs, of whom there was a 
large j)roportionate number, took their positions a 
few yards ahead of the line, each one in front of his 
own iiaiid. 

When all was ready the two Jniqunis, before men- 
tioned as being dressed in French costume, advanced 
close to the walls and demanded the surrender of the 
Erivs. One of them, who had been itaptized by the 



Je.^'uits, declared that the "Master of Life" was on 
their side. 

" llo, hoi"' cried the scornful /i'/'jcA-, "our hatchets 
and our arrows are the nuisters of life; come and see 
what they will do!" 

The heralds retired, the head chiefs gave the signal, 
aud Avith terrific yells the Iroquois advanced to the 
attack. They were met with flights of poisoned 
arrows, and were comjielled to fall back. They then 
brought forward the canoes in which they had made 
the trip up the lake, and each crew bore its own bark 
above their heads so as to protect them from the 
arrows of the Erics. Thus shielded, they again 
moved forward. The poisoned missiles rattled on the 
frail bark vessels, but only occasionally hit the ex- 
posed i)art of some cai-eless warrior. 

At length the assaulting line reached the front of 
the palisade. This lofty barrier might well appear 
an insurmountable obstacle to men unprovided with 
ladders, but the Iroquois placed their canoes against 
the wooden walls, and, in spite of the resistance of 
the Erics, speedily climbed over into the fort. Then 
began a scene of frightful butchery. I'robably 
largely outnumbered by their confederated foes — i)er- 
haps hardly e(iual to them in warlike prowess — the 
Erics gave way on all sides. The Iroquois rushed 
forward, Senccas, Cayiujas, Onondwjas, Oneidas and 
Mohawks all eager to be the first in the race for ven- 
geance. The forest resounded with the fearful yells 
of the victims, as in swift succession they struck 
down their foes with war-club or tomahawk, tore off 
their scalps, and waved the reeking trophies above 
their heads in demoniac triumph. 

As was generally the case when one savage nation 
was completely successful over another, the cou(piered 
people was almost completely annihilated. Men, 
women and children were slaughtered with eipial 
ruthlessness, and all their villages were burned to the 
ground. Some escaped to join the tribes of the Far 
West. Some, especially children, were reserved for 
adoption by the conquerors, in accordance with wide- 
sju-ead Indian custom. Many of the warriors, too, 
were taken alive, but these were generally devoted to 
the most terrible fate which savage malignity coulil 
invent. 

When night came on, the victors prepared for a 
grand illumination. The captured warriors were 
bouml, naked, one by one, to the trees of the forest. 
Piles of light fuel were heaped around them and then 
the torch was ajiplied. A C'fii/ut/a told Mr. I'arknum 
that, iiccordiiig to the tradition in his tribe, a thou- 
sand Erics were thus enveloped in flames at once. 
As the Indians couldn't count over ten, and as there 
were probaldy not over a thousand Eric warriors in 
all, if so many, it is best to take this statement with 
much allowance. lUit even if there were a hundred 
thus subjected to torture, they must have formed the 
most sonl-curdling sight that can well lie imagined. 
Those who admire the romance of Jiulian life might 
have enjoyed their till of it could they have stood in 



20 



GENEKAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



the forest on the shore of Lake Erie, two hundred 
and twenty-five years ago, and have seen tlie darkness 
lighted up by fire after fire, extending in every direc- 
tion, in the midst of each of which a naked warrior 
wiitlied in the agonies of death, liis voice, however, 
rising in the death-song, defiant and contemptuous 
toward his foes, who danced and howled around him 
in all the ecstasy of diabolical glee. 

The Iroquois remained in the country of the Eries 
for two months, nursing their own wounded, and 
hunting out, and capturing or slaying, any of that un- 
fortunate people who might still be lingering near 
the homes of their ancestors. . Then the conquerors 
re-entered their canoes, proceeded down the lake and 
made their way to their own homes, where they were 
doubtless received with universal admiration as heroes 
who had deserved well of tlieir country. 



CHAPTER IV. 

DISPUTED DOMINION. 

Iroquois Power— Its Bouudary on the Cuyahoga— Owiiersliip of the 
Western Part of tlie County— French Skill— La Salle's Supposed Visit 
— His Great Exploration— The First Vessel on Lake Erie— Tonti and 
Hennepin — Brilliant Prospects for the French— Kate of the Griffln — 
Subsequent career of La Salle— Pretensions of the French and English 
—The Jealous Irociuuis— Ohio a Part of Louisiana- Building of Fort 
Niagara — An Extensive Tiiist Ueed— Lake Erie called "Oswego" — 
Meaning of the Word— The War of 1744— The Ohio Company— De Bien- 
ville's Expedition— New French Posts- The First European Establish 
nn^nt in Cuyahoga county — \N asliington in the Field— The First Amer- 
ican Con,-;;ress— Franklin's Proposition — Beginning of the Great War- 
Western Indians aid the French— Defeat of Braddoek— French For- 
tunes wane — Loss of Niagara and Quebec — Surrender of Canada- - 
End of French Power in the Lake Region. 

Fro.m that time forward northwestern Ohio became 
a part of the domain of the all-conquering Iroquois. 
They fixed their western boundary at the Cuyahoga 
river, and there were none to dispute it with them. 
They continued, however, to reside in central New 
York, using this region only as a hunting ground. 
That remarkable confederacy was then at the hight 
of its power. From the Atlantic to the Mississippi, 
from Hudson's bay to the Gulf of Mexico, no nation 
nor league of their own race was able to withstand 
them, and the feelde colonies of Europeans alternate- 
ly courted tlieir frieiidsliip or shrank from their en- 
mity. 

Though claiming no' farther west than the Cuya- 
hoga, their war parties made frequent excursions far 
beyond that boundary, coasting up Lake Erie in their 
canoes, passing by those who propitiated their friend- 
ship, but executing vengeance on those who awakened 
tiuir wrath, even to the distant shores of the Missis- 
si|)i)i and the far northern waters of Lake Superior. 

That part of Cuyahoga county west of the river 
which bears its name was not permanently occupied 
by any tribe, but appears to have been claimed by 
another confederacy, much less powerful than the 
Iroquois, which had its priiicii)al seat in Michigan, 
and was composed of the OUanms, Vhippcwas and 



tlie Puttuwattamies. The Shaiunees, who resided in 
the southwest, in the present State of Indiana, also 
frequently hunted along the shore of Lake Erie. In 
fact, the boundaries of Indian possessions were sel- 
dom defined with the accuracy of farm-lines in a 
deed, and were constantly varying according to the 
power or caprice of their owners. 

Notwithstanding the old grudge of the Iniquais 
against them, the French, whose skill in mainiging 
savages was unecpuded by that of any other Eur<>|iean 
nation, succeeded in the intervals of active warfare in 
insinuating themselves among those fierce warriors, 
and securing a foothold for their fur-traders and even 
for their missionaries. It is highly probable that 
some of those classes, intent on the interests of com- 
merce or religion, made their way to the south short! 
of Lake Erie soon after, if not before, the destruction 
of the unfortunate people who resided there; for the 
Jesuit map of ICOO j)roves that the members of that 
order had at least traced the chain of waters from 
Lake Erie to Lake Supei'ior. 

Very little is known, however, of the locality un- 
der consideration. According to a biography of liie 
celebrated La Salle, by an anonymous author, yet 
bearing many evidences of credibility, that remarka- 
ble adventurer came into the country south of Lake 
Erie in lOOlJ, discovered the Ohio and descended it to 
the rapids where Louisville now stands, where he was 
abandoned by his men and compelled to return alone. 
What La Salle was doing at this period is not posi- 
tively known, and such an exploit would be in perfect 
harmony not only with his dauntless courage and 
boundless love of adventure but with his uniform 
lack of tact in managing his subordinates. 

A nnq) attributed to La Salle, issued in 1572, calls 
the great body of water which bounds Cuyahoga 
county on the north, " Lake Tejocharonting, com- 
monly called Lake Erie." 

But it was not until 1671) that Lake Erie was fully 
exi)l(n'ed by European eyes and its waters plowed by 
a vessel built by European hands. The leader in this 
important enter[)rise was the brilliant adventurer al- 
ready named, Robert Cavelier de la Salle. This gen- 
tleman, a Frenchman of good family, then thirty-five 
years old, was the boldest and most successful of all 
the gallant men who attempted to explore the interior 
of North America. Some adventurers had made 
short excursions inland from the co;ist, others had 
trodden the shores of the St. Lawrence, others still 
had traced the cotist of the Gulf of Mexico and discov- 
ered the mouth of its principal river; it was given to 
La Salle to glide from the northeast to the southwest 
over three thousand unknown miles of land and wa- 
ter, to unravel the great enigma of the Mississippi, 
and to span the whole eastern portion of the conti- 
nent with the bow of triumi)hant discovery. 

Having left his native Rouen at the age of twenty- 
two. La Salle had for thirteen years been leading a 
life of varied adventure in America, and had in 1G78 
received a commission from Louis the Fourteenth to 



DISPUTED DOMllSION. 



21 



discover tho western part of New France. In the 
winter and spring of 1078 and 1G79 he built a vessel 
of sixty tons on the Niagara river, above the falls, to 
which he gave the name of the "Grillin." After 
long waiting, to perfect his preparations, I^a Salle 
sailed up Lake Erie from the head of tiie Niagara on 
the seventh day of August, KJTS. 

ll is not certain on which side of Lake Erie the 
•• (irillin " sailed, nor whether it crossed tho watery 
portion of Cuyahoga county; tho presumption, how- 
ever, is tiiat it went on the north side, which was not 
(inly the shortest but was least likely to be infested by 
the hostile Iroquois. Nevertlioless, the oj)eiiing of 
thr great inland sea, on which the county borders, to 
th(^ knowledge and the commerce of Europe is an 
event of such importance to all who live on its shores 
as to merit more than a passing notice. 

La Salle occui)ied four days in making the voyage 
from the site of Bullalo to the head of the lake, where 
lie entered into the straits which lead to Lake Huron. 
There were thirty-four men on board tho "tiriIMn," 
all Frenchmen with two or three exceptions. La 
Salle himself is represented as a handsome, blue-eyed 
cavalier, with smooth cheeks and abundant ringlets, 
ai)parently better fitted to grace the salons of Paris 
than to dare the dangers of the American wilderness, 
yet in reality standing in the foremost rank of all 
those who opened the new world to the knowledge of 
the old. 

The second in command was Henry do Tonti, an 
Italian by birth, son of the inventor of the "Tontine" 
jilan of insurance, who had served valiantly as a sol- 
(1 er in tiic Sicilian wars, who had been exiled from 
his native land by revolution, and who showed, 
throughout his career under La Salle, the most un- 
wavering Contempt of danger and the most devoted 
loyalty to his chief. 

Another distinguished voyager on the ''(irillin" was 
the celebrated Father llcnnej)iu, a Franciscan friar 
of Flemish birth, but French by education and lan- 
guage, who was at once the (irie.stand tiie historian of 
the expedition. " With sandaled feet, a coarse, gray 
capote, and peaked hood, the cord of St. Francis 
about his waist, and a rosary and crucifix hanging at 
his sid(\ the father set forth on his memorable jour- 
ney."* He was attended by two coadjutors, and 
they carried with them a light poi'table altar, which 
could be slrajiped on the back like a knapsack or set 
up in the wilderness at a moment's notice. Father 
llrniiepin was destined, in the conrse of the wide 
wanderings on which he was then entering, to display 
the most unswerving courage, and the most devoted 
zeal in the conversion of the savages to UhrislJanity, 
but was also to acipiire the less enviable reputation of 
being one of the most mendacious of the many un- 
trustworthy I'jiiropean travelers in America. v 

.\s the little bark with its gallant commander, its 
zealous priests and its swarthy crew, swept westward 



before the favoring breezes, all doubtless believed 
that they were ojjening the new lake to the com- 
merce of France, and that its fertile shores would in 
time be occui)ied by the subjects of Louis le (I rand 
or his successors. To all apiiearances the F'rench had 
obtained the complete dominion of all the waters of 
the St. Lawrence, and the career of La Salle Wiis to 
extend still farther the sway of their magnificent 
monarch. The most vivid and prophetic imagination 
could not have jiictured the shores of the great lakes 
j)assing from the dominion of F'rance to that of Eng- 
land, (whose king, Charles the Second, was then the 
mere vassal of Louis the Fourteenth), and again, after 
a brief interval, becoming a part of an independent 
country, whose j)ower was to rival that of either of 
the great nations which had preceded it in the i)atli of 
empire. 

La Salle named the waters over which he was jiass- 
ing the " Lae do Conti," in honor of one of his jjat- 
roiis, the Prince de Conti, but Father Hennepin 
called it Erie, mentioning at the same time that the 
Indians termed it '' Erie Tejocharonting." 

The "Grittin," though the j)ioneerof all the immense 
commerce of Lake Erie, was itself the sjiort of disas- 
trous fate. It went to Green Bay, where La Salle, 
Tonti and Hennepin left it; start.ed on its return 
with a cargo of furs, and was never heard of more. 
Whether it sank with all on board amid the storm- 
tossed waters of Lake Michigan or Huron, or was 
driven upon the shore of Lake Eric and its crew mur- 
dered by the revengeful Iroquois, has been a suljject 
of frei|Uent but unavailing investigation. Numcroiis 
relics of shipwreck have been found near the mouth 
of Rocky river, in Cuyahoga county, and it is possi- 
ble, not probable, that some of them came from tlir 
long lost '"Griflin." With greater proiiability it Ikis 
been deemed that the scene of the '' Grithn's " ship- 
wreck was discovered, near the lieginningof this centu- 
ry, by the settlers in the southwest jiart of Erie county. 
New York; for there were cannon found there with 
French mottoes' upon them, which certainly gives color 
to tlio theory that that was the theater of tlie 
" Gritlin's " disaster. There arc, however, other ways 
of accounting for those relics, and it is (piite likely, as 
i)efore stated, that the pioneer vessel of the upper lakes 
sank amid their turbulent waters with all of its unfor- 
tunate crew. 

After the "Grillin" had sailed, La Salle, with the 
majority of his companions, went into the Illinois 
country. There they built two trading posts, but a.s, 
after long waiting, the "(Jritlin" did not return, the 
indomitable chief, with three comrades, performed 
the extraordinary feat of returning on foot to the 
siiores of the St. Lawrence, subsisting entirely upon 
the game they ])rocured with their muskets. It has 
generally been supposed that La Salle and his com- 
panions went, on the southern side of Lake Erie across 
the territory of Cuyahoga county, but there are good 
roiusons for believing that they crossed the Detroit 
river and skirted the northern shore of the lake, 



23 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



wliere they would be iu less danger from tbe ever- 
dreadod lroqiioi><. 

La 8allo afterwards returned to the Hlinois region, 
iiiid in 1CJS3, with a handful of men, descended the 
Mississippi to the sea, thus achieving the greatest 
feat of discovery ever accomplished in the interior of 
America, and adding tlie vast territory of Louisiana 
to tlic dominions of France. Wliile endeavoring, 
however, to colonize these newly discovered lands, he 
met with continual disasters, and was at length mur- 
dered by some of his own followers, in what is now 
tbe State of Texas. 

For a long period afterwards there is very little to 
relate regarding the county of Cuyahoga. The 
French waged long wars witb the En^dish under 
King William and (^ueen Anne, and the Iroqiiuis 
were generally in alliance with the latter jieople. 
Nevertheless the French, whose powers of insinuation 
among savages were unrivaled, obtained considerable 
iutiuence among tlie Scnecax, and were enabled to 
make many profitable voyages after furs upon Lake 
Erie. Fort Ponchartrain was built on the site of 
Detroit in 1701. By the peace of Utrecht, concluded 
at the end of " Queen Anne's War" in 1713, the Five 
Natious (or the Six JVatiutis, as they became about 
that time by the admission of the 'Tuscaroras into the 
confederacy), were acknowledged to be subjects of the 
crown of Great Britain, but no definite boundaries 
were assigned them. From that time forth the Eng- 
lish claimed to own as far west as the Cuyahoga, on 
the ground that the Six Niitiuiis had long been the 
proprietors to that point, while the French, by right 
(if discovery and possession, claimed both shores of 
tlie great lakes, together with the whole valley of the 
Mississijjpi. 

As for the Irotjuois, tliey repudiated tiic pretensions 
of the English as scornfully as they did those of tlie 
French, and asserted their own ownership by virtue 
of their conquest of the Kahqidihs and Erics. In 
fact they were becoming, perhaps, more Jealous of 
the English than of the French, since the former 
were continually obtaining large tracts of Indian lands 
for tlie purpose of colonization, while the latter only 
wanted posts for their fur-traders and stations for 
their missionaries. French traders from Canada 
scoured the whole West iu search of furs, as did also 
the Dutch and English of New York. 

At the period in question the French considered 
Ohio as a part of Louisiana. That jirovince was di- 
vided into four jiarts, each in charge of a military 
commandant; all being suliject to the council-general 
of Louisiana. One of these subdivisions nominally 
included all the territory northwest of the Ohio. In 
fact, however, the would-be rulers exercised very 
little authority outside the walls of their rude 
fortresses. 

In 1725, the French obtained permission of the 
Ini'iuois chiefs to build a "stone house " at the mouth 
of the Niagara, on the east side, where the Marquis 
de Denonville had previously planted a French post, 



which had been speedily abandoned. The "stone 
house" was at once begun, and finished the next year; 
assuming, by the time it was completed, tiie propor- 
tions of a strong frontier fortress. This was a very 
important proceeding, as it gave the French, to a 
great extent, the command of the whole ui)per lake 
region. There was a great deal of intriguing among 
the Iroquois chiefs on the part of both the French 
and the English, and it is sometimes difficult to learn 
which was in the ascendency; though, as a general 
rule, the English influence was predominant. The 
French were most successful with the Senecas and 
one or two other western tribes of the confederacy, 
while the Mohawks and Oneidds, who lived on the 
English frontier, were usually faithful to their inter- 
est. The ancient bond of tiie " Uedonosaunee," or 
People of the Long House, as the Iroquois called 
tiiemselves, was evidently weakening under the stress 
of foreign intrigue. 

But the French did not have it all their own way 
even with the western tribes. The same year that 
Fort Niagara was completed seven of the principal 
sachems of the Senecas, C'nt/ii(/as and Onoiulai/as 
made a deed of trust to the King of Great Britain 
and his successors, of their lands, extending in a belt 
sixty miles wide from the foot of Lake Ontario, all 
aljiig that lake, the Niagara river and the " Lake 
Oswego," [Erie] to die "creek called Canahogue," 
which was the original form of Cuyahoga. The deed 
also included the " beaver hunting-grounds" of those 
natious, the boundaries of which were not described, 
but which are supposed to have been on the Canadian 
peninsula. The king was to hold the lauds forever, I 

but solely in trust for the tribes above_nanied; the ob-' I 
Ject being evidently to give the English an excuse for 
witiistandiiig the j)reteiisions of the French to the 
same territory. 

It is doubtful whether the seven chiefs had any 
authority to deed away the lands of their people, even 
" in trust," and it is jirobable that they represented 
only the English faction, while it was the French 
faction which had given that nation authority to 
build Fort Niagara. The officers of King Louis and 
King George now maintained the conflicting claims 
of their respective masters to the country east of the 
Cuyahoga with more pertinacity than ever before. 

It will have been observed that in the above deed 
Lake Erie is called " Oswego," that being the same 
name which about the same time was applied to the 
locality on Lake Ontario, at the mouth of the Onon- 
daga, now Oswego. On a map in Colden's History 
of the Five Nations Lake Erie is called "Okswcgo," 
and this appellation is also used in Washington's jour- 
nal, iu 1753, and on Pownal's map, ajs late as 1777. 
This name, like most Indian names, has received 
many different explanations. The most plausible, 
considering that the expression was used in regard 
to two such widely separated localities, is that of 
" boundless view," or, as the Indians express it, "look 
everywhere — see nothing." Such an ajtpellation 



DISPUTED DOMINION. 



2.1 



would bo applicable to almost any point along the 
lakes, or to cither of the lakes itself. The lake on 
which C!uyah()ga county bonlcrs was, however, more 
often called by its old name of " Erie," and this 
finally su|)orseded all others. 

Notwithstanding the intrigues of the French and 
English, tliat part of Cuyahoga couTity cast of the 
river continued in peaceable jjosscssion of the Six 
Xd/inns, wlio used it only as a hunting ground, while 
the western part was occupied for the same purpose 
by the ()//iiwas, Chippfiioas and Po/tawdtiamies. The 
only white men seen within its bounds were occasional 
P'rencii fur-traders, or, less often, an extremely daring 
English one, and perchance, now and then, a dark- 
gowned .lesuit, abandoning case and risking life to 
spread the faith of his church among the savages of 
tiie Far West. 

In the war between France and F]ngland, begun in 
174-t:, and concluded by the treaty of Aix la Cliapelle 
in 174S, the Si.r Xalioiix generally maintained their 
neutrality, and the contest had no effect this far west. 
In the last named year, however, an association called 
tlie Ohio C'omitany was organized under the authority 
of the government of Virginia, for the jiurpose of 
settling tiie lands which that colony claimed west of 
tlie AUeganies. It numbered fourteen members, all 
Virginians except one, (a Londoner), among whom 
were Lawrence and Augustine, elder brothers of 
George Washington. Tiie Virginia authorities gave 
it a grant of half a million acres west of the AUega- 
nies, but without any definite location of boundaries; 
if the owners could maintain themselves on the Ohio 
or the shores of Lake Erie, they were welcome to do 
so. 

The peace of Aix la Chapelle was little more than 
an armed truce, so far as America was concerned, and 
the intrigues of both French and English for the ex- 
tension of their frontiers were more active than ever. 
In 1749, the Count de la Galissonicre, the governor- 
general of Canada, ordered Monsieur Celeron de 15ien- 
ville to set forth from Detroit with three hundred 
men. to visit all important points, east and southeast, 
as far as the AUeganies, and to take formal possession 
of the (u)untry in tlie name of tiie king of France. 
\)o Bienville obeyed his instructions, and at each iin- 
l)ortant locality he buried a leaden plate, engraved 
witli the arms of France, and also made one of those 
curious records, called a "proves rwrbal,'' which con- 
sisted of a solemn written declaration of the officer, 
duly at tested before a notary puiilic, to the etfoct tiiat 
he did then and there take possession of the surround- 
ing country, in the name and for the benefit of the 
king of France. 

As tiie mouth of the Cuyalioga had long been recog- 
nized as one of the principal places in the West, 
especially ius being the boundary between the (SV.'C Xit- 
lions and their western rivals, it is liighly probable'" 
that Celeron de Bienville buried one of his plates and 
drew up one of his " prnrrs vprlxil" at that point, 
but there is no direct evidence to tiiat etleet. 'J'he 



next year the French followed up the movement they 
had begun, by building a fort near Sandusky Iniy. 

In 1753, the Manpiis do Diii)iiesne de Menncville 
was ai)i)ointcd governor-general of Clanaila, and ju-o- 
cecded to carry out the aggressive jiolicy of his [irede- 
cessor. The Indians of all the tribes became seriously 
alarmed, and in a council held below Pittsliurg, that 
year, they inquired where the Indian lands were, since 
the French claimed all on the west side of the Ohio 
and the English on the east. The next year the 
French ix>gan to carry out tiieir long planned scheme 
of connecting Uikc Erie and the Ohio river by a chain 
of posts, which sliould at once mark tlie boundary of 
the Frencii possessions and defend them from inva- 
sion. Posts weru accordingly established at Pres(pi' 
Isle, (Erie), Le Boeuf (French Creek) and Venango, 
all in the present State of Pennsylvania. If the 
movement was successful and the English accpiiesccd 
in it, Cuyalioga county, with all the rest of the West, 
was to become French territm-y. 

The English and tiieir colonics took tlic alarm ; a 
small garrison was ordered to tiie forks of Ijie Ohio, 
and young Major George Washington was sent by the 
governor of Viiginia to' remonstrate with the com- 
mandant at LeBoeuf and demand his wilhdrawa'. 
The latter proceeding was entirely futile, as was 
doubtless expected, and the next spring the French 
went down with a heavy force, drove away the little 
garrison at the forks of the Oliio, and built a fort 
there which they called Fort Dufpiesne. Thus the 
chain of posts was complete, and for the first time 
Cuyahoga county was fully inclosed within the French 
lines. The same year another fort was built on the 
Saiidiisk)\ About the same jieriod, perhaps a little 
earlier, a French post of some kind was established 
on the Cuyahoga. It is shown on Lewis Evans' map, 
of 1755, as a '• French house,'" five or six miles up the 
river on the west side. The language would indicate 
a trading-house, but it was probably siitricicntly for- 
tified to resist a sudden attack of hostile Indians. 
This was the first European estaiilisliiiient within tlie 
limits of Cuyahoga county. 

By this time all the colonies were much excited, 
and a meeting of their representatives — the first. 
American congress — was lield at Albany to devise 
some means of united action against the common en- 
emy. Benjamin Franklin, a delegate from Pennsyl- 
vania, proposed a plan of union among the colonies, 
which, however, was not adopted. Immediately 
afterwards Franklin, in his paper at Piiiladelpliia, 
jirojioscd a plan for defending the frontiers. Two 
joint-stock comiianies were to be formed, each share- 
holder in which was to receive a certain number of 
acres of land from the government; one of the com- 
panies being bound to plant a colony on the Niagara 
frontier, and the other to establish one north of llie 
Ohio. For the protection of the latter he ])ioj)osed 
a temporary fort on French creeek, and another at. t he 
motilJi of the "Tioga" [Chiyahoga] on the south side 
of Lake Erie, " wiiere a [lost should be formcil and a 



u 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COtJNTY. 



town eieoLed for tlie trade of the lake." This was, 
so far as known, tlie first suggestion ever made look- 
ing to the hnilding (tf a town on the site of Cleve- 
land. 

But Franklin's i)lan necessitated that the govern- 
ment should first drive the French away from the 
head-waters of tlie Ohio and tlie south shore of Lake 
Erie, and this was a very difficult thing to do. When 
it should be accomplished the problem of defending 
the frontiers would have been substantially solved, 
whether the projioscd colonics were established or 
not. 

In that year (1754) Washington, by attacking a 
French party which was spying around his camp, 
struck the first overt blow in the mo§t important war 
which had yet been waged in America. The French 
rallied their numerous friends among the western In- 
dians, and these came gliding down the lake in 
canoes, resplendent in war-paint and feathers, ready 
to aid their great father, the king of France. Some 
went to Prescpr Isle (Eric), and thence to the posts 
in the interior, but some went up the Cuyahoga to 
the " French hou.se," thence to the portage, and so 
on direct to Fort Duquesne. • 

In 1755, a crowd of these western savages defeated 
the disciplined army of Braddock, and the valley of 
the Ohio and the shores of Lake Eric appeared to be 
more fii-mly fixed than ever in the power of the 
French. Their grasji was loosened in 1758, when 
Fort Duquesne was surrendered to General Forbes, 
but was by no means entirely relinquished. The next 
year, at the same time that Wolfe was seeking glory 
and a grave under the walls of Quebec, General 
I'j-ideaux and Sir William Johnson, with a considera- 
ble force of English, Provincials and Iroqiiois, came 
to besiege Fort Niagara, justly considered the key of 
the whole upper-lake region. Again the western In- 
dians were called on, and again they hastened down 
the lake to the assistance of their French brethren. 

D'Aubrey, the commander at Venango, gathered 
all he could of both white and red, and hastened to 
the relief of Niagara. He was utterly defciited and 
captured, however, close to the walls of that post, 
and the fort itself was immediately surrendered to 
the English. When this news came westward, fol- 
lowed quickly by the intelligence of the fall of Quebec, 
the few reniainina; Frenchmen alone' the lakes sadiv 
foreboded the speedy transfer of this broad domain to 
the power of the hated English. In September of 
the next year (1700), the Marquis de Vandreuil, gov- 
ernor-general of Canada, surrendered that province 
to the English, including all the forts of the western 
country. This ended the long contest for dominion 
over the territory of northern Ohio, for no one could 
doubt that, with the French once subdued, the Eng- 
lish would be the virtual lords of the whole country, 
although they might permit the various tribes of In- 
dians to assert a nominal ownership. 



CHAPTER V. 

ENGLISH DOMINION. 

Major Koj^ei's and his Rangers sent to Detroit— The Command at the 
"ChOKage" — Location of that Stream— A Band of Ottawas— Questi4tn 
as to the presence of Pontiac— Kogers' description of the Meeting, and 
of subsequent Events— Sir William Johnson at the Cuyahoga — First 
British Vessel on Lake Erie— Conspiracy of Pontiac— Wilkins' Expe- 
dition—Location of the Disaster which befell it — Bradstreet's Expedi- 
tion—Its arrival in Ouj'ahoga County- Description of the Scene— The 
Command proceeds up the Lake— Its Return- Wreck of the Flotilla - 
Location of that Event— Destruction of Boats— Putnam and his Men ' 
return on Foot — Relics found near Rocky River— A Mi»und full i*f 
Bones— Query regarding its Occupants— Subsequent Events— Hard- 
ships of Early Navigation— Ohio annexed to the Province of Quebec — 
Lord Dunmore's War — The Revolution — Indian Forays — Murder of 
Moravian Indians — Meeting of Commissioners to negotiate Peace- 
Proposition to give Ohio to Great Britain — Its Defeat — Duration of 
English Dominion. 

As soon as the surrender of Canada had l)een en- 
forced, the British commander-in-chief. Gen. Amherst, 
felt that it was important to send a body of troops 
immediately to take possession of the western French 
posts, especially of Detroit, which had been looked 
on as the headquarters of French power oh the upper 
lakes by numerous warlike tribes, who would hardly 
believe that England was victorious as long as they 
saw the Gallic (lag flying from the battlements of 
that fortress. He selected for that purjjose the 
force reported to be the bravest body of partisans in 
the Anglo-American army—the celebrated New Hamp- 
shire Rangers, commanded by their renowned leader. 
Major Robert Rogers. Major Rogers had served 
throughout the war which was just closing, usually 
having a separate force with which he operated 
against the Indians or annoyed the French, and act- 
ing much of the time in concert with Israel Putnam, 
of Connecticut, whose fame as a partisan was second 
only to his own; each of them having done more daring 
deeds and experienced more hair-breadth escapes than 
would sutlico to fill a volume. 

This hardy backwoods leader, with his battalion of 
'•Ranger-s,' set out from Fort Niagara in October, 
1700. The command moved up the Niagara and set 
forth upon Lake Erie in the large bateaux, holding 
fifty men each, with which white troops usually navi- 
gated the great lakes at that period. On the 7th of 
November the battalion arrived at the mouth of a 
river which Rogers, in his published journal, calls the 
"Chogage." It has generally been assumed that this 
was the Cuyahoga, but weagree with Col. Whittlesey, 
the author of the Early History of Cleveland, in think- 
ing that it was much more probably the "Cheraga," 
as the Grand river was then called, according to the 
old maj)s; a name which has since become Geauga. 
Major Rogers, in his journal, gave the distances which 
he sailed nearly every day, and these, as stated after 
he left Presqu' Isle (Erie), would bring him just about 
to Grand river. "Chogage" is much more like 
Cheraga than it is like Cuyahoga or Canahogue, and 
as the Cuyahoga river was one of the best known 
streams in the western country, and was laid down 



ENGLISH DOMINION. 



on nil the maps of this region, it is certainly strange 
if Major Rogers, a man of marked intelligence, did not 
know its name and location. 

At this point Rogers met a band of Attawdira {Ot- 
liiwd) Indians, just arrived from Detroit. In Rogers' 
••Journal," jjublished in 17G5, nothing is said of Pon- 
tine or any other celebrated chief as being present on 
this occasion, but in his "Concise Account of the 
War," also published in 1705, it is stated that Pontiac 
was the leader of the jiarty and that he haughtily 
forbade the English from i)roceeding. Rogers was a 
good deal of an adventurer, and some have imagined 
that after Pontiac became celebrated tiie major added 
tlie account, of their meeting to give interest to his 
story. It is, however, one of those discrepancies 
which indicate truth rather than falsehood. If Major 
Rogers had inter|)olated the iiccount of Pontiac, he 
would have carefully made his two book.s harmonize 
oil that point; they being both, as we have said, pub- 
lished in the same year. It has been suggested that, 
as the Cuyahoga was the eastern boundary of Pon li- 
ne's territory, he would not have halted Rogers at 
(irand river. But it should always be remembered 
that Indian boundaries are not as clearly defined as 
those of the white man; and though the Cuyahoga was 
generally considered the boundary between the Iro- 
([Hoix and the western Indians, yet the old maps show 
an Oltdwa village on the east side of that stream, in 
the present townsiiip of Independence; so it may well 
be that the haughty Pontiac claimed as far east as 
(J rand river or even fartiier. We nuxy add that the 
great authority of P:irkman is decidedly in favor of 
the credibility of Rogers' account. 

According to that account the first delegation of 
Indians informed the major that the great chief, 
Pontiac, was not far off, and requested him to wait 
until that dignitary could see " with his own eyes" 
tiie Anglo-American commander. Accordingly Pon- 
ti;io soon met Rogers, demanded his business, and 
asked him how he dared to enter that country without 
his, Pontiac's, permission. Rogers ar.swered that he 
hail no design against the Indians, but should remove 
the French, the common enemy of both the whites 
and the Indians, at the same time giving a belt of 
wami)um. Pontiac said: 

'•I stand in the path you travel in until fo-niorrow 
morning;" thus forbidding the Americans to proceed, 
and emphasizing the command by the presentation of 
a wampum belt. Rogers continues: 

"When he departed for the night he inc|uirod 
wlietiier I wanted anything l-iiat his country afforded, 
ami he would send for it. 1 assured him that any 
provisions they brought should be paid for, and the 
next day we were su])plied by tiiem with several bags 
of parched corn and some otiier necessaries. At our 
second meeting he gave me the pij)e of peace, and 
both of us by turns smoked with it, and he assurc<l 
me he had made jieace with me and my detachment; 
that I might pass through his country unmolested, 
and relieve the French garrison, and tiiat he would 



protect me and my party from any insults that might 
be offered or intended by Indians; and as an earnest 
of his friendship he sent a iiundred warriors to pro- 
tect and assist us in driving a hundred fat cattle, 
which we had brought for the use of the detachment 
from Pittsburg by the way of Presqn' Isle [Erie], 
He likewise sent to the Indian towns on the south 
side and west end of Eakc Erie, to inform them that 
I had his consent to come into the country. He at- 
tended me constantly after this interview till I ar- 
rived at Detroit, and while I remained in the country, 
and was the means of preserving the detachment 
from the fury of the Indians, who had assembled at 
the mouth of the strait, with an intent to cut us off. 
I had several conferences with him, in which he dis- 
played great strength of judgment and a thirst after 
knowledge." 

Rogers was detained at "Chogage" by contrary 
winds until the IStii of November, when he made a 
run, which he estimated at forty-one miles, to "Elk 
rivei-."' This was probably Rocky river, though the 
old maps show Elk river east of the Cuyahoga. Those 
maps were made from vague reports, and though they 
showed the names of the principal streams they fre- 
<[uently confused the localities. The distance from 
"Chogage'' (Cheraga, Geauga or Grand river) was so 
great that Rogers' next stopping place could not pos- 
sibly have been Chagrin river, and the Cuyahoga was 
too well known to be mistaken. From Rocky river 
the adventurous major, with his battalion of daring 
partisans, seasoned in a score of desperate conflicts 
with the savages, proceeded up the lake to remove the 
principal emblem of French dominion in the upper- 
lake region, while the Ottawa chiefs, preserving tlieir 
friendly demeanor, continued in the somewhat un- 
wonted task of escorting the detachment which drove 
tiie cattle along the shore. 

Rogers reached Detroit in safety, and took jtosses- 
sion of it in the name of King George the Second, 
and for a time it seemed as if all the tribes of the 
West were willing to acknowledge the supremacy of 
the British. The next year Sir William Johnson 
went to Detroit, to aid in attaciiing the western Iri- 
dians to the English crown by the same arts by which 
he had gained such a powerful influence over the 
Iroquois. He returned by the south side of the lake, 
(which seems to have been a favorite route, although 
tiie one along the north side was the shortest), and 
mentions his prejjarations to stoj) at the Cuyahoga; 
showing, as before stated, that that was a well known 
point. 

It was in 17(i"2, as near as can be ascertained, that 
the first British vessel sailed upon Lake Erie; a 
schooner called the "Gladwyn," designed to carry 
supplies to the posts on the upper lakes. 

Meanwhile the western Indian.s, including per- 
haps some of the westernmost tribes of the Iroquois, 
had been all the while growing more liostile to the 
English, ])artly on account of their attachment to the 
defeated French, partly from jealousy of the rapid 



26 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



progress of the English, and partly, probably, from 
disgust at the haughty ways of the conquerors, never 
as adroit as the French in the management of bar- 
barous tribes. A wide-spreading conspiracy was 
.skillfully organized by Pontiac, which in the spring 
of 1703 developed itself in simultaneous attacks on 
all the principal English posts. 

While that able though ferocious leader fiercely 
assaulted Detroit with liis Oltawas, other tribes came 
hurrying down the lake to attempt the capture of 
Fort Pitt, and still others united with the Senecns in 
besieging Fort Niagara. But, though nine smaller 
j)Osts were surprised and their garrisons massacred, 
the three just named withstood all the attempts of 
their foes. In the summer Major Rogers, who had 
returned east, was again sent up the lake with a de- 
tachment of provincials, to aid the garrison of De- 
troit. Pontiac still maintained the siege, and in the 
autumn another force of some six hundred regulars, 
nnder Major Wilkins, proceeded to the relief of the 
beleaguei'cd post. This force was wrecked on their 
way up, the artillery was lost, seventy-three ofBcers 
and men were drowned, and the remainder returned 
to Fort Niagara. 

It has been strenuously argued that this mishap 
occurred near Rocky river, in this county, but after 
a careful examination of the facts, we have no hesita- 
tion in deciding that it was on the north shore of the 
lake. The place mentioned in contemporary records 
as being the scene of the disaster was "Point aux 
Pins" (Point of Pines), a well known locality in the 
district of Kent, Canada West, which is mentioned 
on several of the old maps by the same appellation. 
Besides, if Bradstrect's disaster, which occurred the 
next j'car at that point, had been at the same place 
as that which befell Wilkins, some of the contempo- 
rary writers would undoubtedly have said so. 

Pontiac finally raised the siege of Detroit, but still 
maintained a hostile attitude toward the English. 
In the spring of 17C4 it w:is determined to send a 
sufficient force up the lake to awe the western Indians 
into subjection. Tiiis expedition was placed under 
the command of Colonel (commonly called General) 
Bradstreet, a native of Massachusetts, who had been 
quartermaster-general of tlie Northern army in several 
of its most important campaigns, and who was gen- 
erally considered one of the ablest and most enterpris- 
ing officers in the service. 

After a long halt at Fort Niagara, to compel the 
adhesion of the reluctant Seiiems, the command came 
up the lake, reaching the borders of Cuyahoga coun- 
ty in August. 

Colonel Bradstreet commanded the largest force of 
white men which had yet appeared on Lake Erie, be- 
sides a considerable number of Indians. They made 
a gay and formidable ajipearance as they swept up 
the lake, the white men in their great, open bateaux, 
holding forty or fifty men each, with sails spread to 
catch the favoring breeze; the red men in a cloud of 
light canoes, each burdened with but three or four 



warriors, and swiftly propelled through the water by 
the paddles of its inmates. 

It was one of those motley but picturesque bands, so 
common in those earl}' wars, which harmonized well 
with the wilderness through which they were often 
called to pass, and it presented more to interest the 
eye and the imagination than might a far larger and 
better disciplined army. Three hundred and fifty of 
the number were veteran soldiers of the scventeentli 
and fifty-fifth regiments of British I'egulars, clad in 
their brilliant, scarlet uniforms, officered by the elife 
of the aristocracy, and trained to obey every word of 
command with more than religious zeal. 

Beside them were three battalions of provincial 
troops from New York, New Jersey and Connecticut, 
numbering nearly eight hundred in all, less brilliantly 
clad and less rigidly disciplined than their English 
companions, but by no means to be confounded with 
ordinary militiamen. Nearly all of them had seen 
hard service in the many campaigns of the previous 
ten years, had shown themselves no unworthy foes of 
the soldiers of King Louis, and in combats with 
the Indians were more than equal to the red-coated 
musketeers of England. At the head of the Connect- 
icut battalion was that sturdy farmer-soldier, then a 
little over forty years of age, already renowned as one 
of the most valiant Indian-fighters on the continent, 
the companion or rival of Rogers in half a dozen 
desjierate campaigns, and afterwards destined to still 
wider fame as Major General Israel Putman, of the 
army of the Revolution. 

Besides these soldiers of Caucasian blood, the water 
was covered by a swarm of bark canoes, where gleamed 
beneath the August sun the knives, the tomahawks 
and the naked, copper-colored bodies of a thousand 
warriors, gathered from nearly all the tribes of the 
east to aid in the subjugation of their contumacious 
western brethren. Here were Mohawks, Oneiilnx, 
Onondagas, CiiyiKjas, Tuscaronis, C'onawar/as, JVan- 
iicokes, Stockhridyes, Oqu(i(/(i.% and even a few 0//ci- 
was from Canada, ready to make war on their coun- 
trymen and their great chieftain, Pontitic. The 
largest body, however, from uny tribe was composed 
of three hundred scowling Soiecn.i. who had only 
been persuaded to join bj' the mingled threats of 
Bradstreet and persuasions of Sir William Johnson 
(who had accompanied the expedition as far as Fort 
Niagara), and who had only the previous year pei'- 
petratcd the terrible massacre of the "Devil's Hole," 
on the bank of the Niagara, when nearly a hundred 
English soldiers were surprised and slain in a few 
terrible moments. They could hardly have been very 
reliable allies of the British, and were probably re- 
quired to accompan}' the expedition rather ;is hostages 
for their brethren at home than for any other ])ur- 
pose. 

Colonel Bradstreet, as has before been stated, had 
been considered one of the very ablest and most en- 
terprising commanders in the service during the 
French war, but he was singularly unfortunate 



ENGLISH DOMINION. 



throughout this expedition. He was believed to liavc 
been deceived by a treaty he made with the Indians 
at Presqu' Isle. When lie reached Sandusky bay he 
could neither persuade the hostile Indians of the 
Scioto plains to come to him and make a treaty, nor 
could he, for lack of trans])ortation, go to them and 
cou(juer them. He next proceeded to Detroit, where 
perhaps the appearance of so large a force had a good 
elYect on the lingering followers of Pontine, and then 
returned to Sandusky bay. 

On tiie 18th of October lie re-cmbarked his men to 
return east, refusing to wait even a few hours for 
some who were absent from camp. Within a day or 
two after leaving Sandusky bay the boats were drawn 
u[) at night along an open beach, on Aviiich the men 
Muide their bivouac. During the night a storm arose, 
drove the boats ashore,- destroyed a large portion of 
them, and caused the loss of a great part of the pro- 
visions and ammunition. 

The locality of this disaster was, Ijeyond all reason- 
Ml)le doubt, at "McMahon's beach," in the town of 
Kockport, in this county, stretching from one to three 
miles west of Rocky river, and being from eight to 
ten miles west of Cleveland. The description of the 
locality corresjrouds with that given in contemporary 
accounts, though these ai'e not very definite, and 
moreover there have been an immense number of 
military relics found in that vicinity which could not 
have come from any other source tlian Bradstreet's 
unfortunate flotilla. The princii)alof these relics are 
descri))od in an elaborate paper by the late Dr. J. P. 
Kirtland, which is jjublished entire in Colonel Whit- 
tlesey's History of Cleveland, and of which we avail 
ourselves liberally and thankfully in this chapter. 

Some have attributed the disaster to the obstinacy 
of liradstreet, who insisted on drawing up his boats 
opposite the beach and lauding there, in opposition 
to the protests of his more experienced officers. Sir 
William Johnson, in a letter to General Gage, im- 
putes the misfortune to Bradstreet's relying on a 
]''rench pilot, of Detroit, who was suspected of betray- 
ing an Knglish officer — Captain Dalzell — into an In- 
dian ambuscade the year before. The man may have 
been treacherous, but the fact is hardly proven by 
his failing to navigate Lake Erie with a fleet of ba- 
teaux and canoes. The wonder is that so many of 
those old luivigators in such vessels escaped destruc- 
tion. 

Parknum's account says the storm raged three 
(lays, but some part of this had probably spent its 
force before the flotilla drew up opposite McMahon's 
beach. If it had Ijcen beaten against the land during 
that period, there would hardly have been a single 
boat left. As it was, twenty-live bateaux (half of 
the whole number) were destroyed, and most of the 
ammunition and l)aggage was lost. 

Bradstreet proceeded to make the best arrange- 
ments he could for continuing his return home. His 
six brass lield-pieees were buried on the shore, as Sir 
William complained, " in the sight of ye French vil- 



lain," who, he feared, would canse them to be dug 
up by the Indians and used against Detroit. The re- 
maining boats being too few to carry all the men, 
the commandant directed a hundred and seventy 
rangers, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel 
Putnam, to march along the shore of the lake and 
river to Fort Niagara, while the main body of the 
army proceeded by boat to the same jilace. 

Among the numerous relics described by Dr. Kirt- 
land, interesting of themselves, and also as proving 
beyond doubt the locality of Bradstreet's disaster, we 
will mention the following ; some being found at Mc- 
Mahon's beach, and some in the immediate, vicinity 
of Rocky river, a mile or two farther down. The 
discovery of these at the latter point led Dr. Potter to 
believe that Major Wilkius' expedition was wrecked 
there, but, as before stated, there is no reasonable 
doubt but what that disaster occurred on the north 
shore of Lake Erie, and it is of course jjrobable in the 
highest degree that some of Bradstreet's boats would 
be carried down to the moiitli of the river before they 
broke up. 

All elaborately finished sword was thrown on the 
beach fronting the right bank of Rocky river in 1830, 
which was picked up by Orin Joiner, a member of 
the family of Datus Kelley. The top of the hilt was 
a large lion's head of pure silver, of which metal the 
guard was also composed. The silver was melted 
down by a Cleveland goldsmith to whom the sword 
was sold. Dr. Potter supposes the lion's head to 
have been an ensign of the naval service, but the de- 
tailed report of the forces emiiloycd on the expedi- 
tion does not show that any belonged to the navy. 
There were seventy-four "bateau-men," but these 
were landsmen hired by Bradstreet, and organized in 
a corps to navigate the vessels from which they took 
tlii'ir name. 

In 1843, the bow-stem of a large liateau was thrown 
upon the beach, after a storm which tore up the sand- 
bank that extends from the east side of the mouth of 
the river into the lake. The wood was thoroughly 
water-soaked and jjartly covered with a(piatic moss, 
the irons were deeply rusted, and the whole had evi- 
dently been long imbedded in the sand. Numerous 
pieces of muskets, bayonets, guns, flints, etc., were 
also brought to the surface of the sand-bank, or 
thrown on shore, by the same fetorni. Mr. Frederick 
Wright drew in six bayonets with his seine in one 
night, a short time afterwards. 

At the mouth of "McMahon's run"' the irons and 
the remnants of a bateau were found by the first 
settlers of the township. Several years later two 
six-pound cannon-balls and a number of musket-balls 
became exposed by the action of the lake at the foot 
of a clay cliff at the west end of the bottom-lands. 
Tliis is supposed to have been the i)lace where Brad- 
street buried Jiis cannon and ammunition. 

About 1831, a young daughter of Datus Kelley 
found in the sand of McMahon's beach a silver spoon 
of heavy make and coarse workmanship, evidently 



GENEKAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



datiug from the last century. It doubtless belonged 
to one of Bradstroet's officers, as did also another 
of the same description, found by Oscar Taylor in 
1851. Numerous bayonets and pieces of muskets 
were also thrown by the surf upon the beach, whicli 
were collected by the families of Governor Wood and 
Colonel Merwin. 

Of still greater interest is a bayonet which remained 
until its discovery, some twenty years ago, imbedded 
in the blue clay of the bank of a gully on the farm of 
Colonel Merwin, where it had evidently been driven 
to its base by a soldier, to helj) himself and his com- 
rades up the steep ascent. On the upland just above 
the beach, the early settlers found a stack of bayonets 
covered with soil and vegetation, just as they had been 
l)iled by a squad of tired soldiers after they had as- 
cended the bank. 

We are able, too, to follow the track of Putnam and 
his men for a short distance, with reasonable certainty, 
as they started on their tedious journey through the 
forest. They appear to have followed a ridge leading 
from the vicinity of McMahon's beach to the crossing 
of Eocky river, near the plank-road bridge. On this 
ridge, near the residence of Frederick Wright, one of 
the soldiers threw down nearly a peck of gun-flints, 
which were found there sixteen or eighteen years ago 
by the gentleman just named. T3y their beiug aban- 
doned so early on the journey, it is probable that it 
was done by Putnam's order, who foresaw that his 
men were less likely to run out of flints than they 
were to fail in strength on the wearisome march. 

Farther east, along the ridge, a silver teaspoon, re- 
sembling those already mentioned, was found at the 
first plowing of the ground afterwards occupied by 
the orchard of John Williams. Still farther on, in 
the garden of the Patchen Inn, Mr. Silverthorn in 
1862 found three or four dollars in small silver 
])ieces, of French and English coinage, all of earlier 
date than 17(54. It is difficult to account for them 
except on the theory that one of Putnam's officers or 
men threw off some article of clothing there, and in 
his fatigue and perplexity neglected to remove this 
money from the pockets. la 186.3, Mr. P. A. Delford 
also discovered, near the plank-road gate, two copper 
pennies, bearing the date of 1749 and the face of 
George the Second. 

In tin's account we have not only followed the de- 
scription given by Dr. Potter, (condensing it to some 
extent), but have adopted his views in regard to the 
course of events thus far, except as to the wreck of 
Major Wilkin's exi)edition. We have more doubts, 
however, as to his theory that the contents of a mound 
in that vicinity were the bones of Bradstreet's soldiers, 
drowned in the disaster of October, 1764. All the 
contemporary reports say that no lives were lost, and 
this corresponds with the usual account of the event, 
according to which the boats were drawn up along 
the shore and the men landed, and then the storm 
destroyed the boats. This would certainly give the 
men a chance to escape, and there is no reasonable 



doubt that they did escape. Dr. Potter notices a 
memorandum that "the losses of officers and men by 
the wreck was made the subject of legislative action," 
and thence concludes that many were drowned; but 
this statement evidently refers to the "losses" of 
property by the officers and men. Otherwise the 
word "loss" would have been used. 

The mound in question was located a hundred and 
fifty feet east of the plank-road bridge across Rocky 
river, being, when the land was cleared, about a rod 
square and rising two or three feet above the adjacent 
ground. The covering was so thin that the bones 
could easily be reached by a spade, and many l)ones 
were scattered about tiie surface. About 1850 Mr. 
Worden attemjited to plow through it, but found so 
many bones, and especially skulls, that he desisted. 
Mr. Eaton, who again plowed into the mound in 
1861, brought to Dr. Potter two bushels of bones, in- 
cluding a dozen craniums, and there was a large 
amount left; the skeletons being piled in tiers on top of 
each other, and the bottom of the collection being two 
or three feet below the surface. Certainly, if so large 
a num])erof Bradstreet's soldiers had perished and been 
buried there, some of the numerous reports regarding 
thatexj)editiou would havesaid something about them. 
It is almost needless to add that white people do not 
bury their dead on the top of the ground, and heap 
up a thin covering of earth into a mound above them, 
especially when there was no greater reason for haste 
than there was then. 

Dr. Potter states that he explored the grave to the 
bottom; that the skeletons were all those of adult 
males; that he found several Indian relics among 
them; that he and "one of the most jierfect craniolo- 
gists of our country," pronounced the skulls to be 
those of Anglo-Saxons, except one, which he believed 
to be that of an Indian — adding, however, that he 
might be in error, and that "all may be Anglo-Saxon. " 
But if such errors could be made, then all may have 
been Indian, which they probably were, judging from 
the character of the mound, the articles found in it, 
and the fact that there is no evidence that any sucli 
number of white people ever died in that vicinity 
previous to the present century. 

On the 23nd of October Bradstreet cami)ed at 
Grand river; so that he probably left Rocky river that 
morning. He arrived with the main army at Fort 
Niagara on the 4th of November, and proceeded 
thence to Oswego and Albany. Nothing is known of 
Putman and his gallant band after they plunged into 
the forest at Rocky river save that they, too, in time 
made their way to Fort Niagara, though after su fleer- 
ing numerous hardships. It was not until the latter 
part of December that the last of the provincials 
reached their homes. 

In May, 1765, the schooner "Victory" was sent to 
get the cannon left by Bradstreet near "Riviere aux 
Roches" (Rocky river), but was prevented by bad 
weather. As the authorities were evidently desirous 
to obtain them, there is every reason to suppose they 



EN(iLI8ri DOMINION. 



20 



dill so, though there is no direct evidence to that 
eflEcot; for certainly there must have been i)leiity of 
weather during the season when half a dozen light 
lield-pieces could be loaded on to a schooner. 

For many years after these events very little oc- 
curred within the territory of Cuyahoga county re- 
(|uiriiig tlic iiutice of history. Tiie Irui/itoiK used it 
as a hunting-ground, and their war parties occasion- 
ally made excursions over it, or coasted along its bor- 
ders, to attack those whom they chose to consider 
their enemies living farther west, but very rarely, if 
ever, did the latter venture to return their visits and 
assail (he fierce confederates of New York. 

Detachments of British soldiers also occasionally 
jiassed by here on their way to or from the upper 
[iiists. The freight of the lake consisted of supplies 
fur the military posts, goods to trade with the Indians 
ami furs received in return. It was carried almost 
entirely in open boats, or bateaux, similar to those 
which bore the commands of liogers and Bradstreet; 
some of them going on the north side and some on 
the south side of the lake. Of course the navigation 
was very dangerous, and many were the hardships at- 
tending tlie traffic. Tlie New York (haef/e in Feb- 
nuiry, 1770, informed its readers that several boats 
had been lost in crossing Lake Erie, and that the dis- 
tress of tile crews was so great that they were obliged 
to keep two human bodies, found on the north shore, 
so as to kill for food the ravens and eagles which came 
to feed uj>on the. corpses. Certainly a most startling 
picture of the terrors attending tlie early commercial 
operations on Lake Erie. 

In 1774 an act of Parliament declared the whole 
territory northwest of the Ohio to be a part of tlie 
province of Quebec, thougli without prejudice to the 
rights of other colonies. Lord Dunniore, the royal 
governor of Virginia, however, declared the act to be 
in derogation of the rights of his province, and pro- 
ceeded to grant large tracts of land northwest of tiie 
Ohio. For other reasons the patriot leaders of tbe 
colonies were strongly opposed to a law which trans- 
ferred the whole Northwest to a province which had 
no constitutional government, and was arbitrarily 
ruled by the crown. 

This was the period of "Lord Dunmore's War," in 
which the Indians occupying the present territory of 
Ohio, western Pennsylvania and western Virginia, 
under the lead of the celebrated Logan, were defeated 
by the N'irginians at Point Pleasant, at the mouth of 
the Kanawha. It does not appear to have changed 
in any resjiect the condition of affairs on the shores 
of Lake Erie. 

The next year the Ilevolution broke out, but tliis 
locality was too far from the frontier to be the scene 
of any portion of that conflict. The nearest Ameri- 
can settlement was at Pittsburg, tlie village which 
had grown up around Fort Pitt, distant about a hun- 



dred and twenty miles in a straight line from the 
mouth of the Cuyahoga. Many of the western In- 
dians, however, were persuaded to take arms in favor 
of the British, mainly by persuasion of the Frencli 
leaders whom they liad long been accustomed to ad- 
mire and to follow, and who were employed by tlie 
English for that purpose. War jiarties accordingly 
fre(|uently passed down the lake; some going on to 
join the English forces in Canada — others turning off 
at the Cuyahoga and going uii its valley, whence 
they made their stcaUhy way to the Ohio and struck 
bloody blows at the settlers around Pittsburg. The 
inspiration of these expeditions came from the Brit- 
ish post at Detroit, whence the Indians received arms, 
ammunition and jiresents of various kinds, to encour- 
age them to continue in their bloody work. 

So numerous did these outrages become that in 1 ^ 7S 
an expedition was projected against Detroit, intended 
to break up the nest where so many murders were 
hatched. As preliminary to this a force was sent out 
from Pittsburg against the Sniidiiiikt/ Indians, but 
it only went as far as the jircsent county of Tuscara- 
was, where Fort Laurens was built, but abandoned the 
next year. The expedition against Detroit was given 
up. Other attacks upon the hostile Indians were 
made nearly every year. 

In 1782 occurred the celebrated murder of about 
a hundred peaceable Moravian Indians in the terri- 
tory of Tuscarawas county, liy a force of frontier 
militia under Colonel Williamson. After this shock- 
ing event the hostile Indians became more bitter than 
ever, and many wlio had jireviously been neutral now 
united with the infuriated friends of the iniirdered 
Moravians. 

Meanwhile the English had been taught by a score 
of defeats that they could not concpier America, and 
in 17S3 commissioners met in Paris to consider the 
terms of peace. One of the most important fpies- 
tions was that of the boundary between the British 
provinces and the United States. Coinmissioner Os- 
wald, one of the representatives of (Jreat Britain, 
proposed the Ohio river as the boundary line; claim- 
ing the northwestern territory as jiart of the i>rovince 
of (Juebec under the law of 177-t. This i>roposition 
was also secretly favored by Vergennes, the French 
minister. It was vehemently opjiosed by the Ameri- 
can commissioners, headed by .John Adams, and the 
line was finally fixed in the middle o( the great lakes 
and their connecting rivers. The definite treaty of 
peace, recognizing the indepemlcnce of the United 
States, was signed in the fore part of 178:5, and all 
this region ceased by law to be under English do- 
minion. 

it will be seen that uiKpiestioiied British authority 
over the territory of Cuyahoga county only lasted from 
the surrender of Canada in 17G0 to the peace of Paris 
in 1783 — twenty-three years. 



30 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAUOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER VI. 

THE PERIOD PROM 1783 TO 1794 

Dttentiun of Western Posts by the Briti h— Dissensions Among Ihe 
States About the Northwest— Origin of Contticting Claims— The Fii-st 
Englisli Charter— The Seeond Charter for Virginia-The Plymouth 
Charter— Annulment of the Virginia Charter— Grant of Massachu- 
setts by the Plymouth Company- -Grant of Connecticut to Earl War- 
wick by the same Company — Its Boundaries— Its Conveyance to Lord 
Say and Seal, Lord Brooke and others— The New York Claim— Views 
of Ihe Slates without Claims -New York fii-st cedes her Claim to the 
United States — Virginia follows— Also Massachusetts — Connecticut 
cedes her Claim to all but the Western Reserve — The Indian "Right 
of Occupancy " — The Iroquois cede all East of the Cuyahoga— Treaty 
with the Wyandots. Delawares and others — First Trade from Pitts- 
burg — Primitive Engineering — First House in Cleveland — The Mora- 
vians in Cuyahoga County- Outline of their Past History— Their Con. 
version— Their Peaceful Conduct — The Massacre— Wandering of the 
Survivors— They arrive at the Mouth of the Cuyahoga— Locate in the 
present Independence — Call their New Home Pilgerruh— Their Course 
during the Year— Speech of an Apostate— Connecticut attempts to 
sell the Reserve— Wreck of the "Beaver"— The Crew winter on the 
Site of Cleveland— The Moravians Leave the County— Their Subse- 
quent Fortunes— Organization of the Northwestern Territory— Form- 
ation of Washington County— Another Indian Treaty— An old French 
Trader— Defeat of Harmar and St. Clair— Conveyance <if the " Fire- 
Lands "—Wayne's Victory and Treaty 

On the couclusiou of the treaty of peace the 
Americans expected, of course, to take immediate 
](ussession of tlie posts previously held by the British, 
lying south of the boundary line. The English 
ooveruinent, however, refused to give them up, giv- 
ing as an excuse the alleged unfair conduct of some 
of the States regarding debts owed by their citizens 
to British subjects. The posts at Fort Niagara, at 
I)etroit and on the Sandusky river were thus re- 
tained. The Indians naturally looked on their pos- 
sessors as the great men of the lake region, and thus 
the English maintained a })redomiuant influence over 
this part of the country many years after any sem- 
lilance of legal title had passed away. 

Meanwhile, even during the Revolution, dissensions 
had arisen between the States regarding tlie owner- 
siiip of the vast country lying between the Alle- 
ganies, the great lakes and the Mississipi)i. Several 
of the States had conflicting claims, based on royal 
charters or other grounds, while those who had no 
such claims insisted that that unoccupied, territory 
ought to belong to all the States in cominoii, since it 
bad been rescued from the power of Great Britiiin by 
tlicir united efforts. We will endeavor to give a brief 
sketch of the principal jiretensions put forth by the 
States, so far as they relate to this locality. An elabo- 
rate account of them all, with all their ramifications, 
would require a volume. 

In IGOO, R ng James the First granted a charter 
to certain noblemen, gentlemen and merchants of 
England, conveying to them all the eastern sea-coast 
of North America, between the thirty-fourth and 
forty-fifth degrees of north latitude; that portion 
between the thirty-fourth and thirty-eighth degrees 
be ug granted to a company resident in London 
and vicinity, and that between the forty-first and 
forty-fiftli degrees to a company resident in the west of 
England, while Ijoth liad the privilege of establishing 
colonies between the thirty-eighth and forty-first de- 
grees, and of occuijying the land for fifty miles 



each way along the coast from the point of settle- 
ment, and fifty miles back. The western company 
failed to establish a colony in the territory granted 
to it. The Lontlon comjiany, with great difficulty, 
succeeded in planting one in V^irginia. 

So, in 1609, King James gave a new charter to the 
London comiiany, under the title of "The Treasurer 
and Company of Adventurers and Planters of the 
City of London for the first colony of Virginia." In 
this charter his majesty granted to the company all 
Virginia, from Old Point Comfort, at the outlet of 
Chesapeake bay, two hundred miles northward and 
the same distance southward along the coast, "and 
all up into the mainland throughout, from sea to sea, 
west and northwest." It was on this charter, and 
this alone, that Virginia afterwards claimed the great 
nortli western territory, giving the terms " west and 
northwest" the widest range of which they were 
capable. 

In 1020, King James gave a charter to the "Second 
Colony of Virginia," commonly called the Plymouth 
Company, Gonii)rising all the territory between the 
fortieth and forty-eighth degrees of north latitude, 
under the title of New England, granting it to them 
" in length of and within all the breadth aforesaid, 
throughout all the mainlands, from sea to sea, 
together with all the tirm lands, etc., upon the main, 
and within the said islands and seas adjoining," pro- 
. vided it was not actually possessed by any Christian 
prince or State. 

In 1024 the charter of the London or First Virginia 
comjiany, covering Virginia proper, was set aside and 
declared void by the English courts, under a writ of 
quo warranto, on account of the misconduct or neg- 
lect of the proprietors. The next year King Charles 
the First declared that the territory previously cov- 
ered by the forfeited charier should thenceforth be 
dependent on him, and it was tretited and considered 
as a royal government; the right of granting vacant 
lands being vested in the crown. Maryland, Dela- 
ware, North Carolina, South Carolina and parts of 
Pennsylvania and Georgia were afterwards formed 
out of the territory covered by the forfeited charter, 
without any protest on the part of the peojjle or gov- 
ernment of Virginia. 

In 1G28 the council of Plymouth, in whom, as 
before stated, had been vested the title of New Eng- 
land, granted to Governor Eudicott and others all the 
lands from three miles north of the Merrimac river to 
three miles south of Massachusetts Bay, extending 
west "from sea to sea," excej)t lands occupied by any 
foreign prince or State. This became the province 
of Massachusetts bay, which claimed a territory about 
seventy miles wide and four thousand miles long, 
running from the Atlantic to the Pacific. As, how- 
ever, the strip in question would all go north of 
Cuyahoga county, we need give no farther attention 
to it. 

In 1030 the council of Plymouth also conveyed to its 
president, Robert, Earl of Warwick, the territory em- 



THE PERIOD FROM 1783 TO 17114. 



;5l 



braced in the following description : "All that xmrt of 
New England in America wliicii lies and extends itself 
from a river there called Narragansett river, the space 
of forty leagues upon a straight line near the sea shore, 
towards southwest, west and iiy south, or west, as the 
coast lieth, towards N'irginia, accounting three English 
miles to the league; all and siugular, the lands and 
liorcditaments whatsoever, lying and being within the 
hounds aforesaid, north and south, in latitude and 
breadth, and in length and longitude, and within all 
I he breadth aforesaid, throughout all the main lands 
there, from the Western ocean to the South Seas." 

In 1G31, the territory thus diabolically described 
was conveyed by the Earl of Warwick to Lord Brooke 
and Lord Say and Seal, and their associates, who be- 
came the founders of Connecticut. It was on the 
ground of the aliove grant that (Connecticut after-' 
wards claimed the northern i)art of Ohio, and really, 
considering the extraordinarily puzzling nature of the 
description just given, we see no reason Avhy that 
State should not have claimeil all North America by 
the same title. The northern limit of Connecticut 
was, however, fixed by the English authorities at 
forty-two degrees and two minutes, and the southern 
one at forty-one degrees north latitude, and we believe 
the officials of the (!olony and State translated the 
unintelligible lingo of Pjarl Warwick's deed to mean 
that those northern and southern limits should be 
extended westward to the Pacific ocean. 

The deed to Eai'l Warwick and the subse(|uent 
charter confirming Conuecticut in its ])olitical powers 
were never annulled nor forfeited, arid were the foun- 
dation of Connecticut's claim, not only to northern 
Ohio, but to the celebrated Wyoming valley in Penn- 
sylvania, where many bitter and even bloody contests 
took place before the Revolution, between the factious 
of the two States just named. 

Moreover, New York had a claim to northwestern 
Ohio nearly as good as that of Connecticut, and much 
better than that of Virginia. The nations of Indians 
who resided on the frontiers of its settlement, were 
always considered as particularly pertaining to her 
jurisdiction, and her colonial assembly had fre<|uently 
been at considerable expense in keeping a commis- 
sioner among them and conciliating their good will. 
The State, therefore, claimed a pre-emptive title to 
their lands, and insisted that those lauds reverted to 
her after they were forfeited by the hostility of the 
/reijiiois during the Revolution. Rut it was generally 
admitted that the Iroquois lands extended to the 
Cuyahoga river; consequently New York asserted 
her title thus far west, as the succes.sor of those 
tribes. 

The claims of Massachusetts, Connecticut and Vir- 
ginia were all interfered with by the actual possession 
established by the French and Dutch, but when the 
colonics founded by these nations were con<|uered by 
the English, M;vss»chusetts, Connecticut and Virginia 
insisted that the crown should make good its original 
''rants. Rut the kind's ministers took no such view 



of the matter; they did not, when New York was 
acquired, extend the dominion of Massachusetts nor 
Connecticut over it. and when the Ohio country was 
ac((uired it was, as we have seen, maile a part of the 
province of Quebec. 

Thus it was near the close of the Revolution nu- 
meriius eonllicting claims were i)ut forth to the fair 
hind between Luke Ei'ie ami the Ohio river, which 
it was easy to see would ho I lie home of a thriving 
population. Rut all the other Slates than those 
named above were strongly opposed to the recogni- 
tion of those claims. They argued, and with justice, 
that not only had s(une ni' those pretensions, ])articu- 
larly those of Virginia, lieen long since annulled by 
due course of law, but that, no matter what might 
be the technical title derived from some old yellow 
parchment, the valley of the Ohio and of the lakes 
had actually been conquenid both from France and 
from Great Rritain by the blood and treasure of all 
the colonics, and that all were eipially entitled to 
share in the results. Maryland had been e,si)ecially 
active in ojiposiug the pretensions of Virginia on this 
subject, and had been with difficulty persuaded to 
enter the old Confederation (in 1777) by the pledge 
that she should be justly treated regarding the puiilic 
lands. 

It was evident to every one that the oidy way to 
settle these dis])utcs without violence was to cede the 
land west of the Allcganies, or the greater part of it, 
to the Confederation, and the patru)tism of the d;iy 
was equal to the occasion. New York led the way, 
in the forepart of 1780, by ceding to the general gov- 
ernment all her claims to the territory west of a line 
drawn north and south through the westernmost i)ai't 
of Lake Ontario. In December of the same year. 
Virginia followed with a cession of all her right to 
both the soil and the jurisdiction of the whole tract 
northwest of the Ohio river. These cessions were 
con firmed after the treaty of jjeace, and acce])l.ed by 
the Congress of the Confederation. Massachusetts 
abandoned her claim to the country west of the west 
boundary of New York, as (lefined just above, and 
compromised with that Slate in regard to a large 
tract cast of that line. 

C'oiinecticut, however, being a very small State, was 
naturally more tenacious than the others regarding 
her land. Besides, She had been engaged in a long, 
bitter controversy with Pennsyivania regarding the 
colony she had planted i!i the Wyoming valley, a con- 
troversy in which much blood had been shed, and in 
which the passions of the people of Connecticut luid 
been warmly aroused in favoi-ol' their title to the laiul 
lying west of them, from " sea to sea.'" Nevertheless, 
after much negotiating, in the year 1780 she cedeil to 
the LTuited States her claims to all the land west of a 
line a hundred and twenty miles west from the west 
boundarv of Pennsylvania. The tract between th.at 
boundary and the line first mentioned she retained 
for herself, and the other States seem to have acceded 
to iier position. The tract thus excepted from the 



33 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



gciicrul cession was thenceforth known as the Connec- 
ticut Western Reserved Lands, or, more briefly, as tlie 
Western Reserve. 

Meanwhile measures had been specdilj' taken to 
ol)tain a cession of the "right of occupancy"' of the lu- 
diatis. It should be understood that in all the dealings 
of Europeans with the Indians it was taken for granted 
tliat the absolute title to the land — what in law is called 
the fee simple — was vested in whatever European gov- 
ernment could establish its power over it, by discovery, 
by building forts on it, or by conquest. But, as a gen- 
eral rule, tribes of Indians with whom the European 
nation might be at peace were considered as having a 
certain inferior title, called the right of occupancy. 
So long as they refused to sell the laud and remained 
at peace, it was considered illegal to remove them by 
force, but they were not permitted to sell to any one 
except the government or colony holding the title, 
unless the purchaser had obtained a grant from that 
government or colony. Tiie same system prevails to 
the present day; the United States claiming the title 
to all the unoccupied lands within its boundaries, but 
not attempting to settle any given tract until it has 
first purchased the Indian "right of occupancy" — at 
the same time forliidding ony one else to purchase the 
Indian title. 

In colonial times, and perhaps at a later day, it 
would appear as if speculators and frontiersmen had 
sometimes got up wars for the express purpose of 
driving the Indians from their lands. But the great 
confederacy of the warlike Iroquois was too powerful, 
and too good a guard of the colony of New York 
against the hostile French, to be treated in this manner, 
and down to the time of the Revolution they had 
hunted over their broad domain with rarely any mo- 
lestation. In that contest, however, they had, in spite 
of many pledges to the contrary, waged deadly and 
unsparing war against the colonists, and at the treaty 
of peace iiad been abandoned by the British witiiout a 
single stipulation in their favor. The United States 
did not directly confiscate any portion of the land the 
Iroquois had claimed, but they brouglit such a pres- 
sure to bear that tlie latter very well understood that 
some of it must be given up. 

Accordingly, at a council held at Fort Stanwix, in 
ITS-i, between commissioners of the United States 
and the chiefs of the ,Si.r Nations, the latter ceded to- 
tiie former, besides a small tract in New York, all 
their laud west of the west bounds of Pennsylvania 
and of the Ohio river. 

But Indian titles are usually very indefinite, and 
notwithstanding the long established pretensions of 
the Iroquois it was thought best to obtain a distinct 
renunciation of the claims of tiie western Indians to 
tiie same tract. In January, 178.5, a treaty was made 
at Fort Mcintosh, by George Rogers Clark, Richard 
Butler and Arthur Lee, with those who called them- 
selves the chiefs of the \Vi/au//ofs, Dehiwnrcs, Oliip- 
ppimsAnt\ 0/fa/ras, liy wliiclitliose tribes were placed 
under the protection of tiie United States and a 



definite boundary of their territory was established. 
The boundary between the LTnited States on the one 
hand and the Wyandots and Delawares on the other, 
was to begin at the mouth of tlie Cuyahoga river, go 
up that stream to the portage and across to the Tus- 
carawas; thence down to the forks of the Muskingum; 
thence west to the portage of the Big Miami; thence 
to the Miami of the Lakesor Omce (Maumee) ; thence 
down that stream to its mouth. 

The United States allotted tiie lands tlius bounded 
to the Wyandots and Delawares and to such of the 
Ottawds as then dwelt there, to live and hunt on. It 
was jirovided that no citizen of the United States 
should settle on those lands, and if any did so that 
the Indians might punisli them as they pleased. Tlie 
claims of these triljes to all the lands east, south and 
west of those above descriljed were formally relin- 
quished. It was further provided that if any Indian 
should murder a citizen, his tribe should deliver him 
to the nearest military post. Three military reserva- 
tions were excepted from the Indian territory by the 
United States, but none of them were within the pre- 
sent county of Cuyahoga. 

The territory of Cuyahoga county was thus, for the 
time being, divided by the Cuyahoga river into two j 
sections; the western section l)eing devoted to Indian \ 

occupancy, while the eastern part was intended for the 
home of Caucasian civilization. It was not, however, 
occupied for some time afterwards, on account of its 
distance from the settlements already established. 

Down to this time there had been only a slight trade 
in Indian goods and furs, back and forth between 
Pittsburg and the mouth of the Cuyahoga. In the J 
sjiring of 178C, we find the first account of any con- I 
siderable commercial operation lietween those two 
points. The firm of Duncan & Wilson, of Pittsburg, 
had made a contract with Caldwell & Elliott, of De- 
troit, to deliver to their agent at the mouth of the 
Cuyahoga a large quantity of flour and bacon. In 
May they began to forward it from Pittslnirg, employ- 
ing for that purpose about ninety pack-horses and 
thirty men. Mr. James Hillman, (afterwards known 
as Col. Hillman, of Youngstown,) was one of the men 
employed, and has given an interesting account of 
the transaction in a letter published in Col. Whittle- 
sey's Early History of Cleveland. 

The long train of Inirdened animals followed the 
great Indian trail, leading from Pittsburg to the 
Sandusky, as far as " Standing Stone,'" on the Cuya- 
hoga, near the present village of Franklin, passing 
thence along a smaller trail to the mouth of Tinker's 
creek, in the present town of Independence in this 
county. There the train forded the Cuyahoga and 
proceeded down the west side, passing a small log 
house, which a trader named Maginnis had lately left. 
At the mouth of the Cuyahoga the men found an 
Englishman named Ilawder, sent thither by Caldwell 
and Elliott to receive the freight, who had put up a 
tent in which he resided. No one else was at the 
mouth of the river. 



TIIK lM<:ifI(»I) FROM \7i<:] TO i;'.)4. 



n.T 



As tlio freif^'lit \v:is ilolivcrtul, il was forwardi'd by 
llio sail-l)0!it. " Mackinaw"' to Detroit. The month 
of tlie C'uyahojfa was then wlierc it is reniembereil lo 
iiavc been by old residents before the ojipuinj^ of the 
present channel; the water runninfr tiirongh what is 
now called (he "old bed." There was. however, a 
ponil, called bv I be p.iclcnien "Sniinsli |)ond,'" lyinu' 
slid furl her west, and liaAini;' been, a.piiarcnl 1 y, a si ill 
..l.ler bed ,,r I be iMver. 

As the W(ii-1< of Iranspoi-tation was expected to last 
all snnuncr. the men desire(l lo establish themselves 
(111 the easi side (d' tlu' river. ]iart,ly, perhaps, to uet 
otf fr(ini Indian i;ronnil. bnl principally on acconnt 
of a line spring of water which bid)bled forth near 
I be present foot of Snperior street. But it was ditVi- 
cnlt lo cross the river, and to sail np it in the ••>raek- 
inaw" was impracticable, Ijeeanse the nioulb was 
closed by a sand-bar. Ft was opened by a veiy sim- 
ple jtiece of engineering. The men made some wood- 
en shovels, waded ont n])on the sand-bar. and dng a 
ditch Ibrongh which I be walei- ran with snllicient 
force Id cl(>ar a channel navigable for the •"Macki- 
naw." 

Having sailed np to the dcsii'cd locality, they made 
ciillars for their horses out of Idankets, and tngs out 
of the raw elk-hide tent-ro]>es, drew together some 
small logs, anil built a cabin near the spring before 
mentioned. This is the first house that is known 
with certainty to have been erected on the site of the 
city of (!lev('land, though it is iiuite probable that 
there had previously been a temporary trading-jiost 
on one side or the other of the Cuyahoga at its month. 

The traflic described by Mr. llillman continued 
Ibronghont the season; siv round trips being made by 
the trains. We infer fi-om the langinige of a letter 
from Mr. llillman. pidilisbeil in the Early History 
of ('le\ eland, that some nlber goods besides flour 
and bacon were taken to (be month of the Cuyahoga, 
and that sonu' furs were trans|)orted back to IMlts- 
biirg. SouLC of the ui>ward-bound freigld. was taken 
to Hetroil. by water and some by land. 

Meanwhile, and almost simultaneously with the be- 
ginning of thistrallie, the first set tienient was made 
in (hiyahoga county by peojile who designed to de- 
vote themselves to the arts of ])eace and civilization, 
though most of them were not of the proud Caucas- 
ian race. It was about the Ttii of June, 1780, that a 
weary liand of travel-worn men and women crossed 
the western border of Cuyahoga county, and nnidc 
their way along the lake shore toward the month of 
tbe Cuyahoga river. They arrived there on the Sth, 
and almost at the same time a flotilla of canoes came 
down the lake, with the old men and women and some 
of the children belonging to the households, whose 
more vigorous members had nuirched on shore. Tlie 
schooner " Mackinaw" had just ])reviously brought 
their heavy luggage and the most inlirm of their 
mendjers. 

All, save two leaders, Avere of uniinxcd Indian 
blood, yet they Ijore upon their tawny features an 



ex})ression rarely seen among those fierce, relentless 
denizens of the forest — an expressiim of mildness, 
of ])atiencc, of resignation, lightened up only by 
occasioTud gleams of religious enthusiasm. Their 
l)rincipal leaders were two sturdy, broad-shouldered 
men, with the unnustakable round, (Jerunin physiog- 
nomy, but whose fair Teutonic complexuju had been 
bronzed by long exposure almost tf) the aboriginal 
line. These were .lohn Ileckcwelder ami David Zeis- 
bergcr, and their followers were the remnant of that 
celebrated band of Moravian Indians, who.se cruel 
fate fcu'ms at once one of the saddest and one of the 
darkest, pages of American hist(MT. 

(!onvert,ed to (Christianity by the efl'orts of the Mo- 
ldavian missiomiries, they had established themselves 
in the fci'tile valley of the Muskingum before the 
Uevolidion. where, unmoved by the sneei'S of their 
brethren of the woods, they sought to live by agri- 
culture and the chase, eschewing war, [terformiug the 
duties of their religion, and nuinifesting every evi- 
dence of a sincere abhorrence both for the theoretical 
errors and practical crimes of i)aganism. During the 
Iievoluti(ni they were objects of distrust to both par- 
ties, though, so far as can be ascertained, without 
cause on the part of either. As the war w'ent on, nu- 
merous outrages were committed on the frontier of 
Pennsylvania by Imlians, especially by /)e/iiir(irei<, 
to which tribe a large part of the Moravian Indians 
hail belonged. The fierce Scotch-Trish froidiersnien 
were furious for revenge, and they eared little on 
whom il fell. It was ea.sy to concoct stories that the 
Moravian Indiiins hai'bored and aided the nuirauders, 
though all the circnmstances showed that such was 
not the case. 

At the same time the pagan Indians and the British 
officers insistinl that the Moravians shoidd move hiu-k 
farther into the wilderness, where they could not be 
of any assistance to the Americans. This thej' in fact 
did in 178"2, Imt a. portion of them returned to the 
Muskingum to take care of (heir crops. In the sum- 
mer of that year a liattalion of militia, under Col. 
Williamson, mai-ebed swiftly lo I he Moravian towns, 
disarmed the hunters, got all of the people into their 
power under false pretenses, and then in cold blood 
murdered the whole number — over a humlred men, 
women and clnldi'cn. No more infamous atrocity was 
ever i)erpetrated by the worst of those who are com- 
monly called savages. 

Vet those who had not returned to the Muskingum, 
together with some who were at another village ;ind 
thus escaped the massacre, nearly all still adhered to 
their religion. A few. oidy, joined the hostile Imlians 
and clamored fiercely for revenge — a.s might well be 
exi)ccted. But the main body gathered sadly together 
on the Sandusky, under the leadership of their de- 
voted missionaries, I lecke welder and Zeisberger, and 
again devoted themselves to the arts of peace and the 
duties of religion. But iiere they were constantly 
jiersecuted by their kinsmen, the Itrhiiraros, and 
other savage Indians, and were taken under the jiro- 



34 



GENERAL HISTORY OP CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



tection of the British comniiimler at Detroit. They 
established tliemselves near tliat post, where tliey re- 
niaiued until the spriug of 1780. They then delcr- 
mined to locate themselves on the Cuyahoga, appar- 
ently hoping to be allowed to establish themselves at 
their old home on the Muskingum, for which they 
al ways manifested a strong attraction. The schooners 
"Beaver" and "Mackinaw,"' belonging to the North- 
west Fur Company, were employed to bring them, but 
occupied so much time on account of adverse winds 
that the "Beaver" was ordered back from Sandusky. 
The "Mackinaw," as has l)een stated, brought the lug- 
gage and tlie infirm, while the rest came on foot or in 
Ciinoes, under the leadership of Hecke welder and 
Zeisberger. 

They pitched their cami> on tlio site of Clleveland. 
One of their number proceeded to Pittsburg to ob- 
tain provisions, and Zeisberger set forth to explore 
the river and find a suitable location. On the second 
day he came to a lofty plateau on the west side of the 
river, a little below the mouth of what is now called 
Tinker's creek, where had once stood the Oftau'a vil- 
lage of which mention has previously been made. 
There being already sonic partially cleared ground 
Iiere, and the locality being high and healthy, the 
missionary selected it as the proper place for his peo- 
ple. The latter immediately removed their camp 
thither, and began to erect huts and plant corn, ex- 
pecting to go to the Muskingum after harvest. TJiey 
named their temporary abiding [ijace Pilgerruh. 

By the end of June they were, as they considered, 
(|uite comfortably housed. Congress had voted them 
live hundred l)ushels of corn, but it was to be deliv- 
ered at Fort Mclntosli in the vicinity of the Mus- 
kingum valley, and thither they never went. They 
were almost destitute of jirovisions, but tiiey devoted 
them,selves assiduously to the chase, and with good 
success — numerous elks being especially named as 
among the victims of their skill. The man sent to 
Pittsburg also returned with an order from Duncan 
& Wilson, directing the agent in charge of their pack- 
train to sell Zeisberger, on credit, all the flour the 
Indians needed. A large quantity of goods also 
arrived, which had been devoted to their use by the 
Moravian churches at Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, three 
years before, but had failed to reach them on account 
of their distant wanderings. Thus their immediate 
wants were relieved, and on the i:3th of August 
they celebrated the Lord's Supper, lint their friends 
at Pittsburg assured them that they could not return 
to their lauds on the Muskingum without great pro- 
bability of another bloody outbreak on the part of 
the frontiersmen. So they concluded to remain, at 
least through the winter, on the Cuyahoga. 

The good missionaries were sadly troulilc^l about 
those Indians who had formerly Ijelonged to their 
congregation, but who had apostatized to paganism. 
In September Zeisberger sent to the apostates some 
of his most trusty converts, bearing a very pathetic 
"speech,'" beseeching them to return; but all in vain. 



Samuel Nanticoke, one of Zeisberger"s delegates, met 
his brother, who had apostatized, and added his own 
entreaties to those of the missionary, but the son of 
the forest fiercely rejected his pleadings, saying: 

"By the waters of the Tuscarawas the whites 
gained the end for which they strove so long. There 
lie all our murdered friends. I avoid the whites and 
flee from tiieni. No man shall induce me to trust 
them again. Never, while I live, will I unite with 
you Christians. If your town were near, I might 
perhaps visit you, but that would be all. Our fore- 
fathers went to the devil, as 3'ou say, and wl)ere they 
are I am content hereafter to be."' 

In October the houses of the Moravians, rude Imt 
comfortalde, were completed, and promised sullieient 
shelter through the coming winter. 

llecke welder thereupon left the mission, with which 
he had so long been connected, for the East; leaving 
Zeisberger in charge, assisted by a lately arrived 
brother named William Edwards. Ileckewelder con- 
tinued to labor as a minister until his death, many 
years afterward, and was the author of a valualde 
work on the Indians, from which most of these facts, 
relating to the transient Moravian colony in Cuya- 
hoga county, have been derived. 

Zeisberger was fearful lest the Indians under his 
charge should become a burden on tlie Moravian 
mission board, and, having labored l)eyond his 
strength to prevent it, fell seriously ill. The mission 
l)oard heard of this with deep regret, and united in 
a remonstrance, urging him to draw on them for 
what he might need. After their cabins weiv coin- 
pleted. the Indians labored zealously to build a 
chapel, in which divine service inight be held. It 
was soon finished, and was consecrated on the lOlh 
of November. 

As stated a short distance l)ack, it was in this year 
(ITSt!) that Connecticut ceded to the Confederation 
ail the western lands which she claimed, except what 
now constitutes the "Western Reserve." This ces- 
sioji was made on the 14th dayof September. About 
the same time the legislature of that State authorizeil 
three of its citizens to sell all that part of the l>e- 
serve lying east of the Cuyahoga river and the port- 
age jiath; that is, all to which the Indian title had 
been extinguished. It was to be sold in townships of 
six miles square, at not less than three New England 
shillings {(ilty cents) per acre. Five hundred acres 
were to be reserved in each township for the sui)port 
of ministers, and five hundred for the support of 
schools. 'I'he first minister in each township was 
also to receive two hundred and forty acres besides. 
Until a republican government should be established 
there, the law declared that the general assembly of 
Connecticut should provide for the maintenance of 
order among the settlers. It was evident that that 
State still claimed not only the title to the land of 
the Western Reserve, but the political jurisdiction 
over its inhabitants. But the land was so far from 
the older settlement that no sales of anv extent could 



THE PEKIOD FROM 17s;i TO i;'.i4. 



35 



be made, the surveys were not executed, and the 
wliole scheme fell to the ground. 

Lalo in the autumn of 1780, the two selioouers of 
(ho Northwestern Fur Ooiniiany, the " Beaver" and 
the "Mackinaw," were coming up the lake, on their 
way to Detroit. It wa.s snowing fast when they 
arrived, late in the afternoon, in tlie vicinity of the 
tUiVuhoga. and tliey both tried to run into that river 
foi- .sliellcr. Both failed. The; '• licavcr," com- 
manded by Captain 'riiorn, was driven asiiore near 
liie |)resent foot of Willson avenue, in the city of 
Cleveland; but, so far as we can judge from the vague 
accounts which have come down to us, without loss of 
life. The captain and crew of the "Mackinaw" were 
not aware of tiie wreck of the " Beaver," and after 
tiiey had ridden out the storm sailed away to Detroit. 

This was the last trip of the season, and the lake 
would soon be frozen up;soCai(tainThorn and his men 
did not tiiink it advisal)le to attempt escaping until 
,-;|iiiiig. They accordingly built a cabin on the bank of 
Ihe lake, opposite the wreck, and prepared to winter 
there. There were three small brass (ield-pieces on 
I he schooner, as seems to have been the custom on the 
Fur Company's vessels, which fiv([uently had to visit 
regions which might be infested with hostile Indians. 
These were taken ashore, greased, plugged up, wrapped 
in pieces of sail, and buried on the shore between the 
wreck and the cabin. 

From Ca))t,ain Thorn's subseipient statements it ap- 
jiears there was then an India'i-trader by the name of 
\\ illianis at the mouth of liocky river, from whom he 
hiiught provisions when the stock taken from the ves- 
sel ran low. Mr. Williams is mentioned in no other 
aeeount, and it is not known how long he had been 
at the point nienlioned. From the fact that he is not 
spoken of by Mr. Hillman, who came to the mouth of 
till' (luyahoga six times during the summer of 178li, 
and would undoubtedly have hoard of him if he had 
then been at Uocky river, it may be presumed that 
Mr. Williams did not locate there until the fall of that 
year — but this is (piite uncertain. 

Ca[>tain Thorn also bought some provisions of the 
Moravians, lie and his crew remained through the 
winter, but left with the opening spring, lie con- 
tinueil to sail the lakes or to live near them all his 
life, lie was a Canadian, but took the side of the 
United States during the warof 1S1"3. lie afterwards 
resided on the St. Clair river, in Michigan, uidil his 
death, which occurred about twenty years ago; he 
being then nearly a hundred years old. He was well 
known to many of the early settlers of Cleveland, 
especially to Captain Allen (iaylord, from whose man- 
uscript stalement, pn.'servi^d in the archives of the 
Historical Society, the above facts are mostly ob- 
tained. 

.Meanwhile Zeisberger and his followers were in 
great perplexity as to what they should do next. 
Pilgerruh was not considered a desirable residence. 
They would all have been glad to return to the .Mus- 
kingum, but feared attacks both from frontiersmen 



and hostile Indians. Their kindred Ddatoares of- 
fered them an abiding place at Sandusky. At length 
iJiey determined to go to the mouth of Black river. 
They celebrated Lent and Easter at Pilgerruh, and 
then prepared for their journey. 

On the 19th of April the persecuted little band as- 
sembled for the last time at their chajiel, and joined 
in i)rayer to God with hearts apparently still devoted 
to their religion, notwithstanding all they had suf- 
fered from those who called themselves the chainjiions 
of that faith. Their simple service being concluded, 
they immediately set forth. One party went by land 
undi'r Zeisberger, while the rest entered their canoes 
and followed the lead of Edwards down tlio river. 
Ei-e they could reach the lake a great storm checked 
their progress; so they remained to fish. The chron- 
icler of their movements narrates that in one night's 
work with torch and spear they obtained three hun- 
dred lisli of good ipiality, weighing from three to lif- 
leen iHuinds each. What they did not want to eat 
they ilried for future use. They then [iroceeded to 
their destination, where both jiarties arrived on the 
24th and 2.5th of April, having dwelt in the territory 
of Cuyahoga county about ten months and a half. 

Their fortunes, after leaving our county, were al- 
most as sad as before. Scarcely had they reached 
Black river when they were driven on to Sandusky 
by the hostile Ddawarvs. They remained there till 
17'J0, when, being again ordered by their jealous 
kinsmen to remove into the western wilderness, they 
besought the aid of the British commander, who took 
them to the banks of the Thames river, in Canada. 
In 171)7 the lands they had occupied on the Mus- 
kingum were conveyed to them by the United States, 
and a part of them returned thither. These, too, 
subseiincntly soltl their lands and improvements to 
the United States and returned to Canada, where 
their descendants still reside. 

In .Inly, 17S7, the Congress of the Confederation 
passed an ordinance organizing the vast district be- 
tween the Ohio, the great lakes and the Mississippi, 
under the name of the "Northwestern Territory," and 
providing for civil government over it. They also 
elected (Jeneral Arthur St. Clair as governor, together 
with a secretai'y and three judges. The ordinance was 
drawn by Nathan Dane, of Ma.ssachusetts, and pro- 
vided that from all the territory thus organized slavery 
should be forever excluded. Connecticut j'rotested 
against the iiu-lusion of the Western Keserve in the 
new Territory, but without elfect. 

It was not till the next spring (1788) that the first 
white settlement was [ilanted in the present State of 
Ohio; the location being at Marietta, at the mouth of 
the Muskingum. When Covernor St. Clair and the 
judges (in whom the temporary legislative power was 
vested) arrived in the new Territory, they ])roceede<1 on 
the 27th of July, 1788, to form the county of Wash- 
ington, of which Marietta was made the county .scat, 
and which extended from the Ohio to Lake Erie, with 
the Cuyahoga river and the portage path as its west- 



30 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



eru bouncliiry; thus embracing tlie eastern 2)art of the 
present county of Cuyahoga. The section thus in- 
cluded was a hundred and fifty miles distant from the 
county seat, at Marietta, but as no one resided here 
that was of little consequence. 

In 1789 the first congress under the Federal Con- 
stitution re-enacted the ordinance of 1787; thus giv- 
ing the Northwestern Territory a permanent position 
in the new political arrangement. 

The same year another treaty was made at Fort 
Ilarmar, by which the Indians again ceded to the 
United States the country west of the Cuyahoga and 
the portage path. 

.About this period, or a little later, one Josei)h Du 
Chatar had a trading post on the west side of the 
Cuyahoga, some nine miles above the mouth. Jean 
Baptiste Fleming and Josci)h Burall were with him a 
part of the time. Du Chatar, then in middle age, 
]>ad been from his youth in the employ of the North- 
western company, and afterwards described the mouth 
of the Cuyahoga as having been one of their princi- 
pal points for the sale of goods and purchase of furs. 
At the time mentioned, however, he wtis trading for 
himself. 

Large profits were usually made by the early fur- 
traders, but there were some serious drawlnicks. At 
one time Du Chatar and his companions had a sharp 
conllict with some Indians over the ownership of a 
rifle. At another time a number of then> demanded 
liiiuor, which Du Chatar refused to let them have, 
either because they could not ])ay for it or because he 
thought tiieni already too well supplied. They at- 
tacked his cabin, which he and his men defeuded with 
their rifles. Some of the Indians were killed and the 
rest retreated. It would seem to have been very dan- 
gerous to remain in the country after that, but the 
French had ways of conciliating the savages which 
hardly any one else could imitate. 

In 1790, the western Indians engaged in open hos- 
tilities against the frontier, and General Ilarmar 
marched against them, only to be defeated. This was 
followed the next year by the defeat of Governor 
St. Clair, at the head of anotlier army. The Indians 
became extremely elated, and it began to look as if 
the course of westetn emigration was to be i)erina- 
ncntly checked. Of course, under these circumstances, 
there was no sale for frontier land, and the Western 
Iteserve remained on the hands of the Stale of Con- 
necticut. 

In 1792, that State gave five hundred thousand 
acres off from the west end of the Reserve, for the 
l)eiiefit of those of her citizens who had suffered from 
the burning of their pi'operty by tlie British during 
the Revolution. This tract was commonly called the 
" Fire Lands," and has been considered as a distinct 
section under that inme ever since, although a part 
of tiie original Western Reserve. 

Meanwhile, the administration of President Wash- 
ijigton was making constant efforts to conciliate the 
Indians, and secure a j)ermanent jieacc. In 17'.i3, 



General Benjamin Lincoln, Hon. Beverly Randolph, 
and Colonel Timothy Pickering, jiostmaster-general 
of the United States, commissioners ai)pointed by the 
President, passed up the south shore of Lake Erie, on 
their way to Detroit, still held by the British, to 
endeavor to make a treaty with the hostile Indians. 
This effort, like all the others, was in vain. 

But in 1794:, JIad Anthony Wayne went out to the 
West, at the head of a well appointed army, and 
inflicted a terrible defeat on the horde of warriors who 
ventured to confront him. Another treaty was made, 
which, being authorized and sanctioned by victory, 
was well observed by the red men. So far as this part 
of the Territory was concerned, AVayue's treaty merely 
eonfirmed the line previously drawn along the center 
of the Cuyahoga. All the eleven tribes who joined in 
the treaty agreed to acknowledge the United States 
as their sole sni)erior, and never to sell any of their 
land to any one else. 



CHAPTER YIL 

SALE AMD SUKVEir. 

Connecticut sells Three Milliiiu Acres in a Botlj'— Names of the Pur- 
chasers-Formation of the ConnecUcut Land Company— A Deed of 
Trust— The Excess Company — First Directors of the Connecticut Com- 
pany— The plan of Survey and Division decided on--The first Survey 
Party— Its Leadei*s and Surveyoi's — British Annoyance— A Council at 
Buffalo— Arrival at Conneaut— Trouble among the Employees— How 
it was Settled- Beginning: of the Surveys— Gen. Cleaveland conies to 
the Cuyahoga- The Firet Wliite Family— Tracing the Coast Line- 
Laying off Townshij^s - Chagrin River mistaken for the Cuyahoga— 
Organization of Wayne County — Directors Impatient— Laying out of 
Cleveland— A Bear in the liiver— The Party stArt east but return- 
Formal Agreement to let the Surveyors have Euclid— Rough Weather 
—The Return— Persons left at Cleveland -Gen. Cleaveland's subse- 
quent Career— Poller's Later Life— Annual Meeting of the Land Com- 
pany—Failure of the Excess Company— Alexander Henry's Claim— 
The survey Party of irUT-Its Officers, etc-lt goes to the Reserve- 
The Fii'st Funeral - Rations for the Survey<-»rs- Kingsbury, Carter and 
Hiiwley— The First Marriage-D. & G. Bryant and R. Edwards— Form- 
ation of Jefferson County — Atwater's Adventure- Tinker's Creek— 
Sicknesss— Health on the Ridge. 

Wayne's victory and treaty caused many eyes to 
turn toward the Western Reserve, as a more secure 
and desirable place of residence than it had previously 
been considered. At the session of 1795, the legisla- 
ture of Connecticut abandoned the idea of dividing 
up the Reserve in small tracts and selling it out, and 
adopted a new system. A commission of eight citi- 
zens was appointed, one from each county, who were 
authorized to sell three million acres adjoining Penn- 
sylvania for not less than one-third of a dollar per 
acre; the whole to be solil before any part of it was 
conveyed. The jiurchasers were to take all risks, and 
were to receive their deeds by shares, not by acres; 
being then obliged to divide the land among them- 
selves ;is best they could. 

The scheme seems to have been ijuite popular, and 
the commission succeeded in selling the whole tract 
by the first of Sei)teinber, 1795, at forty cents per 
acre making the total amount one million two hun- 
dred thousand dollars. The purchasers were Joseph 



SALK AND SUnVEY. 



37 



Ilowliiud, Daniel L. Coit, Elias Morgan, Caleb At- 
\v;i(er, Daniel llolbrook, Josi'j)li Williams, William 
Ixivc, William Jiidd, Kiislia Il.yiie, Uriali 'J'nK'cy, 
Jaiiios Johnson, Samuel Mallier, Jr., E|iliraim Kirliy, 
l"]|ijali Boartlman, Uriel Holmes, Jr., Solomon (iris- 
wold, Oliver I'hclps, Gitleon (Jran^er, Ji-., William 
Hart, llonry Clianipion, 2nd, Aslier Miller, Uolierl 
('. .lolinson, Epliraim Root, Nehemiali lliihhard, Jr., 
Solomon Uowles, Asaliel Hathaway, John Caldwell, 
I'l'leL;' Sanford, Timothy Unrr, Luther Loomis, Ehen- 
e/.er Kinu, Jr., William Lyman, John Stoddard, 
David Kin<;, Mo.se.s Cleaveland, Saninel P. Ijord, 
li'ducr Newberry, Enoch I'erkins, Jonathan Hraei', 
Lphraim Starr, Sylvanus (Jriswold, Joseb Stoekiiii;', 
Joshua Slow, Titus Street, James Hull, Aaron Olni- 
sUd, .John Wylcs, Picrjioint Edwards. 

'I'he subscriptions were of all sizes, from oiu' of onc^ 
lliDUsand six hundred and eighty-three dollars, made 
by Sylvanus Criswold, up to that of Cliver I'lielps, 
who subscribed one hundred and sixty-eight thousand 
one hundred aiul eighty-live dollars alone, and eighty 
thousand dollars in company with (Jideon (i ranger, 
Ji-., but were generally in sums of from ten tlum- 
sand to thirty thousand dollars. Henry Champion, 
>'n<l, was the second largest subscriber, with eighty- 
live thousand six hundred and seventy-five dollars. 

The committee, in behalf of the State, at once 
deeded to the subscribers as many '• twelve bund rt'd 
(housandths" of the whole tract, as they liad sub- 
scribed dollars respectively to the purchasing fund of 
twelve hundred thousand dollars. The deeds wci'c 
recorded in the ollire oi the secretary of stat.e of 
(y'onnecticut, and subsecptently iu the recorder's otlice 
of Truinliull county, Ohio. They were of the char- 
acter coninionly called "i|nit-claim" deeds; the State 
warranting nothing, but conveying all its rights, 
more or less, to the purchasers. Thei'e had, at, this 
lime, been no definite surrenderof the Slate's political 
junsdiction ovei' the lleserve to the general govern- 
ment, (although (hat government had assumed juris- 
dielioii by incliuliug the Ueservein the Northweslern 
Territory), and nuuiy of the buyers sui)posed tlu^y 
could establish a Statt' of (heir own, and make such 
laws as they jdeased for it. 

On the 5th of September, t he purchasers jnoceeded 
to organize themselves into an association called the 
•■ Conuccticnt Jjand Comi)any," but did not obtain 
an act of incori)oration from the Slate, in law they 
wi^rt^ only a simple ])artnership, AH the members of 
(his association joined in a deed of trust to Jonaihan 
Brace, John Caldwell and John Morgan, authorizing 
them to give deeds of various tracts to the owners, 
according to the divisi(Mi to be made by the ollicials 
(>r the com|tany. It will be understood that a large 
part of the three million acres purchased was known 
to be on the west side of the Cuyahoga, and it was, 
thei'i'fore, known that it could n(jt be divided until 
(he Indian right of occupancy was extinguished by 
purchase. It was supposed, howevei', that there was 
considerably more than three million acres in the Re- 



serve, exclusive of the "Fire Land.s," and several 
gentlenuMi jjroposed to lake the balance from the 
State. They were commonly called the "Excess 
Company," anil until the huul was surveyed it was 
supposed they would secure a large tract. 

By the articles of association, the maiuigement of 
the company's concerns was intrusted to seven direi;- 
tors, who were instructed to proceed as rapidly as 
])ossible to sell that portion of the tract east of the 
Cuyahoga. For the purpose of electing (dlicers and 
nuiking assessments, the whole was divided into four 
hundred shares of three thousand dollars c^ach; dis- 
tributed among the various ])roprietors in pro[>ori.ion 
to (he amounts they had subscribed. The lirst board 
of directors consisted of Oliver l'hel|is, Henry 
Champion, 2d., Moses CleavelamI, Samuel W. John- 
son, Ephraim Kirby, Samuel Mather, .Jr., and Itoger 
Newberry. 

The articles of association also i)rovidc(l ihiit the 
tract should be surveyed into townships live miles 
sipiare; that part- east, of the (Cuyahoga as soon as 
possible, and the ivst. when the Indians wi're bought 
out,. Six townships of the I'ormei' port ion were to be 
S(dd to pay the general ex|)enses. l<'our moi'e were 
to be divided into a hundred lots each, nniking four 
humlrcd lots of a huiulred and sixty acres each, 
which were to be conveyed to the ownei-s of the four 
liundred shari's res[)ectively. The remaindir of (he 
tract east of the Cuyahoga was to be divided into 
jiortions, of wiiich the best township was (o form the 
basis; other townships to be brought up (o the standard 
liy dividing some of them into fractions, and adding 
them to the rest. The jjart'west of the river was 
subseijuently to be divided in the same way. 'I'lie 
board of directors selected Gen. Mo.ses Ck'aveland, a 
lawyer of Canterbury, Windham county, thenalMiul 
forty years old, to act as tlu' general agent of the 
com|iany and numage the survt^ys easi of the Cuya- 
hoga, which it was expected would all be coniiilcted 
the next year. 

During the winter of i;'.i-">-i( further |u-e[iara( ions 
were made, and in the spring of the latter yeara large 
surveying party was oi'ganized. (leneral Cleavelatid 
was superiiit,endent; Augustus Porter, who was a na- 
tive of Connecticut but had been engaged for many 
years on important sui'veys in western New York, was 
(he principal surveyor ami deputy superin(endenl : 
Seth Pi'ase was astroiu)nu'r and surveyor; Amos Spat- 
ford, John M. Holley, l.'ichard M. StoddanI and 
Moses Warren were the surveyors; Joshua Stow w;is 
the commissary, and Dr. Theodore Shepard was the 
j)hysician of the parly There were also thirty-six 
other (Mni)loyees, including chainuK'n, axemen, cooks, 
e(c. 

'i'he exi>edit ion .set fordi in May. CeiU'ral Cleave- 
land and most of the members came by way of Alba- 
ny, Syracuse, (Janandaigua, etc., (o Buffalo. Mr. 
Slow, with several men, took the provisions, instru- 
ments and oilier freigiit in four large boats by way 
of the Oswego river. Lake Ontario and the Niagara 



38 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOCxA COUNTY. 



river. Oswego, like the other frontier posts, was 
still in the hands of the British, and their officers 
seemed anxious to annoy tlie Americans in every 
possible way. Mr. Stow applied to the commandant 
at Oswe^^o for permission to pass with his boats, but 
was ])eremptorily refused. In vain he rei)resentcd 
tliat without the instruments and provisions which he 
had witli him tlic survey party could not begin work, 
and tiiat the greatest inconvenience would be sure to 
result; tlie otTicer was inexorable. 

Finally, Mr. .Stow ai)parently gave up the contest, 
and retired up tiie river with his boats. The first 
dark night, liowcver, the flotilla sped quietly down 
tlie stream, glided undiscovered jiast the sleepy sen- 
tinels, and escaped into Lake Ontario. Tlie deten- 
tion, however, caused the boats to be cauglit in a 
severe storm on tiie lake, in wliicii one of tliem was 
stove up and another uf theui seriously injured. 
What made the alfair more provoking w;is that both 
Fort Ontario, at Oswego, and Fort Niagai'a, at the 
moutli of tiie river of that name, were about to be 
delivered to the United States, under the provisions 
of Jay's treaty. Fort Ontario was thus surrendered 
on the fourth day of July following, and Fort Niag- 
ara still earlier; so that when the boats of the survey 
party approached the latter post the men saw with 
delight the stars and stripes floating over its ramparts. 

On the 31st of June the Sir. Natiuns held a council 
at Buffalo, at which General Cleaveland was present, 
together with some whom the surveyors called west- 
ern Indians, but whom from the circumstances we 
should infer to have been Miiltnirkx, who lived west 
of Buffalo, in Canada. Notwithstanding the numer- 
ous treaties by which the claims of these Indians to 
the country east of the Cuyahoga were supposed to 
be extinguished, they si ill put forth some preten- 
sions to it, and it was thought better to conciliate 
than to o})pose them. The celebrated Joseph Brant, 
or Thayendenegea, was the principal manager on the 
part of the Six Nutions, and gave General Cleaveland 
a "speech" in writing, but the ecpuilly distinguished 
Red Jacket was the principal orator. The council 
was adjourned over the 3"2n<l, because the chiefs in- 
sisted on getting drunk. 

On the 33rd, after uiunerous speeches on both sides, 
Cleaveland agreed lo gi\e llie Indians five hundred 
pounds, New York currency, (ft, 3511) in goods, as a 
present, and also agreed to use his influence to ob- 
tain for them an allowance of five hundred dollars a 
vear from the Uuite<l States; failing which (he Con- 
necticut Land Company was to give them an addi- 
tional present of fifteen hundred dollars. The chiefs 
ou their side agreed that the Indians should not iu- 
tert'ere with the settlers on the Reserve, a stipulation 
wiiich they appear to have faithfully observed. In 
fact, they could hardly avoid losing their hearts to 
General Cleaveland, foi', after the counciling and bar- 
gaining was over, he gave them two beef-cattle for a 
feast, with an aecom])aniinent of no less than one 
hundred gallons of whisky! 



The expedition then proceeded in boats up the lake 
to Conneaut, in the extreme northeast corner of the 
Reserve, where they arrived on the 4tli of July. 
They celebrated the day by firing with their I'ifles a 
"federal salute" of fifteen rounds — one for each State 
then in the Union — and a sixteenth for "New Con- 
necticut." The Reserve was fre(juently spoken of by 
the first settlers and surveyors as New Connecticut, 
and they evidently were not exactly certain whether 
it was a part of the Northwest Territory or a separate 
nation of itself. 

At Conneaut nearly all the survey(^rs and other em- 
ployees uumifested a very insubordinate disposition. 
Amzi Atwater, himself an employee, says they muti- 
nied. At all events, they manifested a strong disposi- 
tion not to go on with the work unless they could 
derive some compensation for it besides their wages. 
At that time it was thought that the ownership of 
land in "New Connecticut" was the sure road to 
fortune, and the men were anxious to become pro- 
prietors. General Cleaveland yielded, and informally 
agreed that if the men would go on and work through 
the season they should have a township of land at a 
dollar an acre. 

As soon as this (piestion was settled, some of the 
surveyors ran south from the northeast corner of the 
Reserve, along the Pennsylvania line, to the forty- 
fii'st parallel, and thence west along that jiarallel, 
making it their base line. From it, at intervals of 
five miles, they ran meridians north to the lake; the 
si)aces between them constituting " ranges." These 
were to be subdivided into townships by east and west 
lines, also five miles apart. They depeiuled entirely 
on their compasses, and as that instrument is subject 
to numerous variations the meridians were by no 
means accurately laid down. Some of them varied as 
much as half a mile from the true line before reach- 
ing the lake. The early government surveyors varied 
in the same manner, but they soon learned to correct 
each township line, as run by the compass, by meas- 
urement to the i)r('ceding one. 

While the surveyors were doing the work just men- 
tioned. Superintendent Cleavelanil came to the mouth 
of the Cuyahoga, reaching that point on the 33d of 
July, 1791, and established the headipiarters of the 
party there. With him, among others, came Job P. 
Stiles and Tabitha Cumi Stiles, his wife, for whom a 
cabin was erected, and who were placed in charge of 
of the company's stores at that point. This was the 
first white family, and Mrs. Stiles was the first white 
women, who ever resided in the present county of 
Cuyahoga. Their cabin and the company's store- 
house were on Llic low ground on the east side of the 
Cuyahoga, convenient to a spring which issued from 
the side of the hill. This was the same location that 
had been chosen by the freighters, in 1780, as de- 
scribed by Colonel Ilillman, but the slight cabin then 
erected had probably entirely disappeared, having 
very likely been used for fuel by Indians or travel- 
ers; at all events it is not mentioned in the notes of 



SAI.K AND SURVKY. 



39 



any of the surveyors. The more substantiiil stnm- 
liiro, l)uiU, liy ():i|)biin Tliorii and his crow, near (lie 
liMit, of t,he present Willson avenue, was still standinij. 

Mr. Porter, the principal surveyor, took on him- 
self the dirtirnilt task of tracing the coast line, so as 
111 liiid where the west liiieof the Reserve v/oiild strike 
Lake Eric. The other surveyors, after running out 
th(> meridians, as hefore stated, began to run jiarallels 
fniin (he Pennsylvania line to the Cuyahoga. Warren 
ran the line between townships six and seven (Hed- 
I'oicl •Mild VVarrensville); I'case between t.ownshii)S 
seven anil eight (Warrensville and Euclid): S|i,ilfi)ril 
anil Stoddard between (owiishiiis eight- ami nini', 
(Maylieldand Willoughby); and HoUey still farther 
mirth. Pease's line ran through the present city of 
< 'leveland. No one knew anything about the Chagrin 
river, and every surveyor, when he I'eached it in run- 
ning his ]iarallcl, suiijiosed it to be the Cuyahoga and 
Went down to the mouth hefore discovering his mis- 
take. 

We may mention, in j>assing, tliat Wayne county 
was organized by the authorities of the Northwest 
Territory on the 15th of August in this year, nonii- 
nally embracing the whole tract from the Cuysihoga 
westward and northward hcyond Detroit, which place 
was made the county scat. Thus the (Miunty seats 
( Marietta and Detroit) of the two counties (Washing- 
(iiii and Wayne) which then embraced the ])rcsent 
Cuvahoga were over three bund rcil miles apart. As 
all of this county west of the river was still Indian 
land, the formation of Wayne county had no practical 
ell'eel here; nor was any jiart of I his county ever ac- 
tiiallv oi'gaiii/.eil in ciinnecl ion witheillier Washington 
or \\ ayiie. 

.August and Sejitember ]iasscd raiiidly away in the 
task of surveying the various lines. Ilolley and Pease 
left journals describing their lalmrs, hut, of eoui'se 
iiuly a small ])orlion of them were peii'oniieil in ('ny- 
ahoga county, and, moreover, the mere deiails of the 
distances .ami courses whirli they ran on sueeessivc 
days would hardly he interesting to our readers. .As 
indicative of the |)riiiiitive utensils employed in their 
traveling kitidicn, we may notice Ilolley "s memoiaii- 
iliim that at tlie( Ihagrin river the cook got mad heeausc 
I he liark would not jieel, so that he had nothing to niiv 
hread on, and declared that he could give the jiarly 
nothing to eat. One of the men, however, solved the 
dirticulty by mixing the Hour in a bag, thus restoring 
serenity to the cook and food to the party. 

.Meanwhile the board of directors at Hartford he- 
came impatient to have the land divided among the 
prnprietors, and on the 2(ith of August wrote to 
Cli^aveland, constituting him. Stow, Porter and the 
four other surveyors a committee to eipiali/.c and di- 
vide the land ea.st of the Cuyahoga, according to the 
plan already mentioned, and urging him to accoin- 
lilish the work that season if possible. 'J'his, how- 
ever, w;us entirely impracticable. 

It had from the lirst been determined by the direc- 
tors to lay out one '-eaiiital town," or city, at the most 



eligible place on the Reserve, the township around 
which was to be cut into smaller lots than the rest of 
the tract, which were to be sold to actual setlfers. 
The select ion was doiihlless left to (ieneral ("leavcland, 
to he iiiailc on the ground. lie selected the site at 
the mouth of the Cuyahi>ga. Porter ran out the 
streets of the eiiihryo city, and left Ilolley to survey 
it into lots. Only twelve streets and lanes were then 
laid out. uhieh might fairly he considered siilbcient, 
as there was not a solitary permanent resident of the 
"city." Cleaveland bestowed his own name upon 
the place, and it was forthwith dubbed the '"City of 
Cleaveland.'* The township around it, however, was 
at lirst (tailed "Cuyahoga town," The locality at the 
mouth of the river is also sometimes nienlioned in the 
surveyors' minutes as "Cuyahoga," but after Septem- 
ber. ITOC), is always "Cleaveland." 

The morning of the 31st of Sc])tenihcr the survev- 
ors. to the number of about thirty, who had collected 
at the "city," found themselves without meat, and 
with only a little Hour, two cheeses and some choco- 
late, in the way of jirovisions. It would not do to start 
into the woods again, nor even to wait long where 
they were. While they were wondering at the non- 
arrival of expected provisions from Conneaut, and 
debating as to what next should be done, a shout was 
hoard, and a bear was discovered swimming across 
the river from the west side. Instantly every man 
was on his feet. Poitcr anil Ilolley jumped into a 
canoe and paddled toward the shaggy visitor; anoth- 
er mail went up the shore with a, gun, and (rhe rest of 
the shouting emwd assemliled to stop the brute as 
soon as he should reach the land. They succeeded 
only too well, for the noise and confusion were such 
that the animal took the alarm, swam hack to the 
western shore and esca[)eil. 

.Vs a eoinpcusatien for this loss, Ilolley's journal 
notes imiiuHliately afterwards: "Miinson caught a 
rattlesnake, which we lioiled and ate." 

l>y I they had liccomc so well assured thai no 

provisions were coming from Conneant that they all 
set out for that place in two boats and a bark canoe. 
After sailing about eight miles, however, they met a 
party with cattle and provisions, and returned to the 
Cuyahoga with much lighter hearts than when they 
left it. On arriving after dark t hey saw a lire hla/.ing 
on the western shore. As they passed it, they dis- 
charged a Volley from their ritles hy way of a salute, 
in honor of the sojourners who had built the lire, and 
in aeeordance with a custom wliicli seems to have been 
(|iiit(' common on the frontier, among both whites and 
Indians. The travelers were discovered to bo a parly 
of (irand river Indians, who had been west, hunting. 

After a week more of surveying in the vicinity of 
the river, the whole party a.ssenililed at its mouth on 
the .'50th of Septenibcr, when the informal agreement 
made at Conneaut, in tlie forepart of July, was re- 
duced to a written (;ontract. in which " Cleaveland " 
is lirst mentioned as the name of the embryo city at 
the moiiLli of the Cuyahoga. Muses Cleaveland 



40 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



signed the eon tract on tlie jiart of the company, while 
forty-one of tlic employees put their hands to it in 
their own l)elia]f. Six of tlie employees, including 
Joshua Stow, were iiot parties to the arrangement. 
The towushi]) which tliey selected was number eiglit 
in tiie eleventh range, lieing the one next down tiie 
lake from Cleveland. With great propriety, consid- 
ering tiiat tliey were all surveyors or assistants, and 
that surveying is eminently a mathematical profes- 
sion, they gave to their new township the name of 
the great Greek mathematician, P]uclid. The sug- 
gestion is credited hy Mr. Holley to Moses Warren. 
Each (if the men was to serve the company faithfully 
till the end of the season, and was to have an eipial 
share in the township at. a dollar an acre, on making 
certain improvements, 'i'hese were carefully speci- 
fied in the contract, and are more fully set forth in 
tlu^ township history of Euclid. 

On the same day the em|)loyees held a meeting, at 
which they ai-ranged the order in which they would 
make their imjirovemcnts, and transact other husi 
ness.. The record of their proceedings was also dated 
at the "City of Cleaveland,"and the locality has ever 
since retained that name, except that the "a" has 
Imtm discarded. 

(Ill the teiilh of Oct.oher, Surveyor llolley imtes in 
his journal (Jiat he willi his l)arty "left Cleaveland at 
the iiioiith of the ( 'iijahoga, to finish dividing the 
east part of the township into lots." By the sixteenth 
the weather hegan to iiilriiVre seriously with their 
Work. Oil tlial day .Mr. 11. metions that they came 
into caiiii) wel and cold, hut after "pushing the bot- 
tle and getting a tire and some sujiper, all wei'c as 
merry as grigs." Hut Gen. Cleaveland evidently 
thought that, considering the long Journey before 
them, it was time to lie starting homeward. He and 
the majority of the men appear to have left about the 
sixteenth, and on the eighteenth Porter, Holley, 
Pease, Stoddard, Atwater and nine others set out for 
their distant and much-longed-for homes. 

The only white persons left on the Reserve were 
.lob N. Stiles and Tabilha his wife, and Joseph La.n- 
don. These were siip[ilied with jirovisions for the 
winter, and then abandoned to a solitude almost as 
complete! as that of Selkirk on his island. To be sure 
there were plenty of Indians and squaws, but consid- 
ering that many of the former had been, not long be- 
fore, in arms against the United States, and were 
liable at any moment to break out again, it would 
seem as if their absence woulil have lieen more desir- 
able than their company. 

The object in leaving Mr. and Mrs. Stiles in this 
isolated locality is not certainly known, but it was 
])robably thought that the buildings would be less lia- 
ble to be destroyed if some one was in charge of them, 
and if any tools or other property were left behind, 
it was absolutely necessary that some one should kee}i 
watch of tlieni: for the noble red men, though civil 
enough in their ordinary intercourse with the sur- 
veyors, would certainly have lieen unable to resist the 



temptation presented by any thing they could con- 
veniently carry off. I 

Landoii, who had been connected with the survey I 
party, proliably inlcnded to trade with the Indians. 
He soon left, however, his place Ijeing taken by Ed- 
ward Paine, afterwards known as General Paine of 
Painesville, who hoarded with Stiles, and was cer- ■ 

tainly at that time an Indian-trader. He was the first 
resident in the county unconnected with the silrvey- 
party. The nearest white neighbors were at a settle- 
ment made that fall in the [)resenttown of Willougli- 
liy, Geauga eonnly. Tradition asserts that the first 
white child born in this county came to light in the 
cabin of Job and Tabitha Stiles, in the winter of 
17!)0-7, and that a sipiaw acted as its nurse, but tliere 
is no positive evidence. 

All the party, except those who remained at Cleve- 
land, I'eached their distant homes withoutmore serious 
dilliculty than was necessitated by a journey of six or 
.seven hundred miles, largely through the wilderness. 
Neither General Cleaveland nor Mr. Porter ever re- 
turned to the Reserve, unless possibly t.he latter may 
have done so as a casual traveler. General Cleave- 
land continued to [iractice his profession in his native 
town of Canterbury, sometimes representing it in the 
State legislature, and always occupying a prominent 
position among his fellow citizens, until his death in 
ISik;. Though, as before stated, he never returned 
to the Reserve, yet he always manifested a warm in- 
terest in its welfare, and especially in the village 
which he had founded and which bore his name. 
Oiu' cannot luit regret that he was not spared to .see 
at least the beginning of its greatness as a city. 

Augustus Porter soon after settled at Niagara Falls, 
where he became one of the leading men of western 
New 'i'oik. He erected extensive mills there, and 
was also the first man who built a bridge from the 
mainland to Goat Island. In isos, he was apjiointed 
the first lu-esiding judge of the court of common pleas 
of Niagara county, New York, (of which Hiitfalo was 
then the county seat), a post which he held for thir- 
teen years. He died at Niagara Falls at a very 
advanced age. Judge Porter was an elder brother of 
Peter 15. I'orter, the distinguished general in the war 
of 1812, and secretary of war under President J. t^. 
Adams. 

In .January, IT'.lT, the members id" the C'onuectieut 
Land Conijiany held their annual meeting. There 
was much complaint of the large cost of the work of 
the past year, but after an investigation by a commit- 
tee the i)roceedings of the directors and superintend- 
ent were entirely apjiroved. Cleaveland's agreement 
with Brant and the other chiefs at Buffalo was also 
ratified. 

The stock liolders were seriously discomiiosed by 
another matter. Mr. IVn-t.er. having during the sea- 
son made a travei'se of the line of the Reserve along 
Lake Erie, now reju)rtcd that the total contents of 
the original tract were only three million four hun- 
dred and fifty thousand seven hundred and fifty- 



SALE AND SUnVEY 



Ijircr ;icivs, ami tliat, ul'lcr ilciliicting the five liuiulrcil 
tlioiisaml acrus granted to tlie sniTerers by Britisli 
K|i<)liation, (coiniiionly ("illoJ the Fire Laiuls,) there 
remained only two million nine hnndred and lifly 
Ihniisand .seven hnndred and lifty-thrcc acres for the 
( 'iiiinecticut Laud Coinj)any. This was about fifty 
Ihonsand aeres less than they had bought. 

Aforeover, the ''Excess Company," the mend)ers of 
which had been jiaying fant^y }iriee.s for a share in the 
snr|)lns of the Western Reserve above three million 
acres, (l((\sides the "Fire Lands") .snddeidy fonnd that 
there was no surplus, and many of them bcranu! 
bankrupt on accounl, of the discovery. Fault- was 
l'i>nnd with l'orter"s snrve\-. but siibscrpient woik 
show('(l that the estimated ainount- was too large 
rather tlian too small; a very clo.se computation by 
Leonard Oa.se making tiie whole amount in the Re- 
serve, besides the Fire fjands, two million eight luin- 
dred an<l thirty-seven thousand one hundred and 
nine aeres. This great reduction from the amount 
estimated before the survey was caused by the fact 
that, in going west, Lake J!rie trended much farther 
south than had been supposed before exact calcula- 
tions were made. 

In the si)ring of 1797, the company again made 
prei)arations to send a party to finish the surveys. 
While they were doing so, Mr. Cleavclaud I'ceeived a 
letter from one Alexander Henry, who had been an 
Lidian trader from Montreal to the uppei'-lake region 
ever since the treaty of peace ijetween France and 
England, in Iliili. He claimed tiiat he and others 
hail bought of the Lulians a large tract west of the 
t!uyahoga and north of Wayne's treaty-lino, which 
included all of (he Western Re.serve west of the river 
just mentioned. This he offered to sell to the com- 
pany at one shilling per acre; guaranteeing a confirm- 
ation of the deed by the Indians. He stated that the 
deed was in the hands of Alexander Macomli, (father 
of the general of that name in the war of 1813,) a 
great land-speculator of that day and a co-proprietor 
with Henry. It is (piite likely that some of the chiefs 
of the DcldwaiTs or Cliippeirax had made such a deed, 
but, as the United States had invariably refused to 
recogni/zC sales made by the Indians to any one but 
tb(^ general government, no attention was jiaid to 
.Mr. Henry's claim, lie afterwards publisheil 'an 
account of his adventures among the Indians, which 
is a valuable authority on (be subject of alxuMginal 
history. 

In the letter in i|Uestion .Mr. Henry mentioned that 
oU(! John Askin, one of the projirietors under the 
alleged imrchase, wa.s then residing with his family 
■'at Cuyahoga," but there is nowhere else any account 
of such a person. Among all the numerous state- 
ments made by surveyors and their friends, it is 
hardly jjossible that Askin would have been passed 
over if he liad lived on or near either bank of the 
Cuyahoga. Henry may have falsified entirely, or may 
have mistaken Askin's location, or the latter may 
have moveil away before the surveyors came. 

6 



The survey party of T707 was oi-ganized at Schenec- 
tady, New York, by Mr. Setli I'oaso, who had been 
.selected as principal surveyor for the coming season, 
and who proceeded to that point during tlie forepart 
of .\pril. After the company was formed, Rev. Scth 
Hart was made the superintendent. Uesides the two 
officials just named, there were no less than eight 
surveyors: Rich.ard M. Stod<lard, Moses Warren, 
Am/.i Atwater, Joseph Landoii, Amos Si)atrord, War- 
ham Shepard, I'hiueas Barker and Nathan Redlield. 
Dr. Theodore Shepard was again employed as the 
physician. There were, in addition, fifty-two other 
om|)loyees, to p(M'form the numerous duties necessary 
in an extensive survey; the most prominent of the.se 
being Colonel Ezra Waite and Major William Shep- 
ard, who seem to have had charge of the others when 
the latter were not under the immediate direction of 
the surveyors. Nathaniel Doan, the blacksmith of 
170G, was also a member of the present expedition. 
There were in all sixty-three members, of whom only 
twelve had bei^n on the previous expedition; and, of 
these latter, seven were snrve^'ors. Evidently the 
work of carrying a chain or wielding an axe in the 
tangled forest, living on indigestible bread and sleep- 
ing on the wet ground, had lost all their romantic 
charms during one year's experience. 

The expedition took the usual route to the western 
world, by way of the Mohawk river, Onedia lake, 
Oswego river, Lake Ontario, Niagara river and Lake 
Erie, though a portion went by land, by way of Canan- 
daigua, under charge of Major William Shepard. 
After leaving some of the men at work in the eastern 
part of the Reserve, the head of the main p(,)rtion of 
the expedition arrived at Cleveland on the hrst day 
of June. Mr. Pease's jouriuil mentions linding Mr. 
and Mrs. .Stiles well, and also Mrs. Utin, who, with 
her husband, had moved from (Jonneaut that spring, 
though Mr. Gnu was then absent. IIc! says nothing 
of there being a child in the Stiles family, which it is 
exceedingly probable he would have done if one had 
been born during the wiiitiu-. at least if it, had then 
been living. 

Boats belonging to the expedition kept coming for 
several days afterwards. In the afternoon of June 
4th, one of them brought the body of David 
Eldridge, one of the hands, wh^i had been drowned 
the same day, in attempting to swim his horse over 
(Jrand river. The next morning the north part of 
lot.s ninely-scven and ninety-eight, in Cleveland, were 
selected as a burial ground. There were a few boards 
in the vicinily, and a strong, rude cofliii was ipiickly 
made. The liody of Eldridge was placed iu it, the 
eollin was fastened with cords to a stout pole, by 
which UK^ans it was supported on the shoulders of the 
comra<les of the deceased, and the procession moved 
slowly to the burial ground. There the body was 
solemnly interred; Superintendent Hart reading the 
burial service. A rough fence was also built around 
the grave. This was, so far as known, the first funeral 
in Cuyahoga county. 



42 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Parties were at once sent out in various directions 
to recommence the surveys. Mr. Pease mentions the 
articles furuislicd to eacji party, which certainly form 
a somevvhat miscellaneous collection, viz. : Pork, Hour, 
tea, chocolate, sugar, ginger, spirits, vinegar, cheese, 
pepper, empty bags, fire-steel, punk, candles, a tent, 
axes, hatchets, pocket compasses, measuring pins, 
salt, soap and horses. Prom a previous entry, we 
learn that the daily rations for a mess of six men 
were five pounds of pork, a pound of chocolate, a 
"small porringer'' of sugar, a half bottle of tea, a 
bottle of rum, and (lour without limit. The most 
noticeable difference between these rations and those 
issued to soldiers and explorers at the present day is tlie 
absence of coffee from the former. Modern campers- 
out would hardly find tea, chocolate, or even a bottle of 
rum, a sufficient substitute. 

The main headquarters were established at Cleve- 
land, but on the tenth of June Mr. Pease with a small 
party went up the Cuyahoga, and soon after estab- 
lished the "upper headquarters," near ('uyahoga 
Falls, in the present county of Summit. 

On the 11th of June, 1797, James Kingsbury and 
his family arrived at Cleveland. He was a native of 
Connecticut, but had moved from New Hampshire to 
Conncaut the previous season. For a short time he 
lived in a dilapidated house on the west side of the 
river, which may have been the one occuj)iod by John 
Askiu. 

Early this season, also, Lorenzo Carter, of Rutland, 
Vt., and his brother-in-law, Ezekiel Hawloy, came to 
Cleveland with their families. According to a state- 
ment made in his lifetime by. Alonzo Carter, son of 
Lorenzo, his father arrived on the 3d of May; having 
stayed the previous winter in Canada. Carter and 
TIawley both located in Cleveland. One of the chil- 
dren of the latter was Fanny B., then five years old. 
She is still living, at the age of eighty-seven ycar.s, 
being now the venerable widow of Mr. Theodore 
Miles, of the eighteenth ward of Cleveland, formerly 
Ncwburg. She is unquestionably the earliest sur- 
viving resident of Cuyahoga county, and her memory 
spans the whole time and all the wonderful changes 
from the unbroken forest to the teeming county and 
the mighty metropolis. 

Mr. Carter, afterwards universally known as Major 
Carter, was well calculated to succeed in a new coun- 
try; being an extremely active, eiiterprising man, an 
expert hunter, and withal peculiarly adroit in gain- 
ing an influence over the Lidians, who were constant 
neighbors and fre(|uent visitors. He at once began 
entertaining travelers, and his was the first hotel in 
Cuyahoga county. 

The first marriage followed quickly after the fiist 
funeral. Carter's hired girl bore the peculiar name 
of Chloc Inches. Wiiile Mr. Carter was residing in 
Canada, during the previous winter, she had formed 
the ac(|uaintance of one William CJIement, who speed- 
ily followed her to Cleveland. They were marrii'd by 
Rev. Mr. Hart, and, as no further mention is made 



of Clement in ('levi'lan<l annals, we presume he re- ■ 
turned with his bride to Canada. ■ 

In June David Bryant and his son Gilmaii (the 
latter being afterwards a well known citizen and one 
of the latest surviving pioneers) came to Cleveland by 
boat; being on their way to a grindstone quarry on 
Vermillion river. Tlioy made trips back and forth 
all that summer, carrying grindstones east, probably 
into Pennsylvania. Their stopping place was at Car- 
ter's tavern. Besides those already named, Rudolphus 
Edwards became a resident of Cleveland during tlie 
summer. 

Up to this time all that part of the Western Re- 
serve east of the Cuyahoga had continued to be a por- 
tion of the county of Washington, created in ITsS. 
witii its county-seat at Marietta. No one in this 
vicinity paid any attention to its authority, and the 
directors of the Land Company were very anxious to 
have a "legal and practicable government.'" Tlie 
legislature of Connecticut declined to assume any 
political authority. On the 29th of June, 1797, 
Washington county was divided; all the north part, 
including that portion of Cuyahoga east of the river, 
being formed by the legislature of the Northwest Ter- 
ritory into the county of Jefferson, with the seat of 
justice at Steuben villo. The latter place was fifty 
miles nearer than Marietta, l)ut still no attention was 
paid to the authorities there by the few inhabitants 
of the Reserve, nor did those authorities attempt to 
organize any townships within that district. 

The surveyors and their men were soon nearly all 
engaged in running the lines in the southern part of 
the Reserve; their headquarters in the field being, as 
before stated, a short distance below Cuyahoga Falls. 
A sad but interesting event, the last scene of which 
was in Cuyahoga county, is narrated by Amzi Atwater, 
then a youth scarcely twenty-one years old. While 
he and Warham Sliepard were running the south part 
of the fifth meridian (now the line between Trumbull 
and Portage counties), in the latter part of July, 
Minor Bieknell, one of the assistants, was taken 
violently sick with a fever. There was no medicine 
and no comforts for the sick, and the only hope 
of saving the man was to get him to Cleveland or the 
upper headquarters as soon as possible. Shepard 
agreed to go on with the survey with one man, while 
Atwater with one or two others undertook to convey 
Bieknell to a more desirable location. 

Placing one horse far enough behind another to 
admit of a man's lying lengthwise between them, 
Atwater and his helpers ])nt two long poles, one on 
each side of the horses, and fastened them to the 
pack-saddles with strips of bark. With other pieces 
of the same material tliey made a kind of net work 
between the poles. On this they made a bed of 
•blankets, and laid the sick man upon them. On the 
20tii day of July they started out, with no guide but 
Atwater's compass and the marks made along the 
lines already run. After going a short distance south, 
they proceeded west along the third parallel. A 



SALE AND SUUVKV. 



43 



iiKiii was sent ahead to have a boat ready at the upper 
liead<|iuu-tcrs, if tlieru were any there. 

Bickuell was delirious a hirge part of thy time, and 
so serious was tlio difficulty in advancing through the 
forest with such an unwieldy carriage, and so great 
was Ihe necessity of moving the sick man carefully, that 
the cortege was only able to nialve about ten miles a 
(lay. Proceeding west to the present corner of Stow 
and Hudson townships. Summit county, Atwater 
turned south to the old Indian trail from the Ohio 
river to Sandusky. There he met his messenger, who 
said that the camj) at ujiper headquarters was taken 
up, and all the boats had gone down the river. The 
same man was then directed to go to Cleveland and 
get a boat to come up to the })rescnt south line of 
Independence, where the party would meet it. 

.\twat,er then went north, on the west line of Stow 
Mild Hudson, to the northwest corner of the latter 
tiiwuship, where he again turned to the west. Plod- 
ding wearily along the faint track which went straight 
liver hill and through valley, camping where night 
iiveitook him, listening to the occasional howl of 
till' wolves in the distance, and burdened all the time 
with the care of a delirious invalid who was hourly 
growing worse, the young surveyor found his own 
nervous and muscular system subjected to a terrible 
strain, and afterwards, no doubt truly, described this 
as the most exciting event of his life. At length, in 
tile forenoon of the 25th of July, they reached the 
Cuyahoga, on the line between Independence and 
I'li'i'cksville, and rested to await the ai-rival of the 
boat from Cleveland. 

But 111) aid could come cpiickly enough to help tlie 
smitten man, who died within two hours of his 
arrival at the river. Soon after noon Joseph Tinker 
(.anie with the expected boat, having Dr. Shcpard on 
board. The only thing that could tiien be done was 
to liury the unfortunate Bieknell, and he was accord- 
ingly interred near the river, close to the south line 
of Independence. Exhausted as Atwater was liy 
fatigue and anxiety, he was obliged almost immedi- 
ately to retrace his steps, m order to (ind Warhani 
Siiei)ard and helj) him out with the surveys. 

Apropos of this last event, it may be remarked that 
.Joseph Tinker, who came up in chaj-ge of the boat, 
seems to have acted as the principal master of trans- 
portal inn for the company; sometimes going liack to 
(!ouiieaut ami other points for sujiiilies, witli four or 
live men and u lioat, at otiier times trans|)orting the 
needed articles on pack-horses to the various jiarties 
of surveyors. lie was drowned in the lower part of 
iiuke Erie whili^ returning home the next fall, but his 
name is preserved in "Tinker's creek," which is the 
l)rincipal stream that flows into the Cuyahoga in 



this county; heading in Portage county and running 
through the townships of Solon, Bedford and Inde- 
pendence. 

The township lines were eoon eomjileted, and all 
the surveyors and their assistants returned to Cleve- 
laiiii. A few remaining lots of Cleveland township 
wt!re then run out, and Warrensville and part of 
Bedford were also divided into lots. Meanwhile the 
■'eiiualizing committee," composed of the principal 
surveyors, was hard at work, exploring the lownshi))s 
and settling on the size of the fractions which should 
be added to other townships, so as to make them all 
of substantially the same value. 

Work progressed slowly, for sickness iiad become 
extremely iirevalent. Fever and ague was the prinei- 
jial disease, but dysentery and bilious fever were also 
common. One of the workmen, named William An- 
drews, died in August, as did also Peleg Washburn, 
an apiu'cntice to Nathaniel Doan, the blacksmith. 
On the Sth of August the sick list numbered seven; 
on the 27th it had arisen to eleven, and on the 12th 
of Sei)teniber the number who could not work was 
twelve. The men having almost none of the appli- 
ances and comforts of civilized life, the ague racked 
them with extreme violence. The fits often came on 
every day, and when they passed oil it was all the 
poor, exhausted men could do to crawl from their 
blanket beds to the spring, and get water enough to 
last them through the next attack. 

On the 12th of September nine sick persons were 
discharged and sent east. About the first of October 
some of those who had acijuired claims in Euclid, 
under the agreement of the year before, nuule im- 
provements in accordance with that agreement. But 
the great anxiety to obtain land on the Iteserve had 
passed away under the influence of hardshij) and ague, 
and very few of the original contractors jiertormed 
their agreements and received their land, in the lat- 
ter part of October the surveyors and their assistants 
all left for the east. 

The families left at Cleveland were tliose of Carter, 
Ilawley, Kingsbury and Edwards. These, like the 
surveyors, had been terribly alllicted by ague, and Mr. 
Kingsbury determined to seek a healthier location. 
He accordingly removed to the high ridge running 
from what has since been called " Doan's Corners" 
to Newburg, at a jioint, about five miles from the 
lake, where the present Kinsman street strikes Wood- 
laml Hills avenue, and where his descendants still re- 
side. There he built him a cabin, which lie occui)ied 
with his family on the 11th of December; being the 
first permanent resident in the county away from the 
immediate shore of the lake. 



u 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER VIII. 

THE PERIOD FBOM 1798 TO 1800 

The Best Townships— Annual Meeting nf 17'J8-Nkw Assessment— Report 
ot the E(iualizing Committee -Subsequent Career ot Setli Pease-- 
Bounty on Gristmills— Road built to the Petmsylvania Line— Escaping 
the Ague— Carter's Generosity -Settlement of Euclid -An AgueSmit- 
ten Family— Description ot a Plumi>iiig-Mill~Kingsbupy's Hand Grist- 
mill—Lack of Medicine- Annual Indian Hunts in Cuyahoga County — 
Annual Drunks- C'arter's Quarrel with Indians -His Influence over 
thera-Fishiug at Rocky River— The First Gristmill-The Surveyor 
give up Euclid— The Fii-st Sawmill The First School -Formation ot 
Trumbull County -First Klection in it —First Court of Quarter Sessions 
ot Trumbull -First Justices of the Peace from the Present Cuyahoga 
-Organization ot Civil Townshi|is -Boundaries of Cleveland— First 
Constables— Kirtland's Remonstrance against High Prices. 

As before stated, it liad been decided by the direc- 
tors to take some of the most valuable townships as 
the standard, aivd bring the others up to that stand- 
ard by the addition of fractions. Those selected by 
the committee as the most valuable in the vehole Re- 
serve (outside of those chosen to be sold for the gen- 
eral benefit), were townships five, six and seven of 
range eleven, and townshii) eleven of range seven; 
now, respectively, Middleflcld in Summit county, 
Bedford and Warrensville in Cuyahoga county, and 
Perry in Lake county. 

At their annual meeting on the 2.Sd ui January, 
1798, the stockholders confirmed the action of the 
directors, in giving a city lot, a ten-acre lot and a hun- 
dred-acre lot to Mrs. Stiles, a hundred-acre lot to Mrs. 
Gun, and a hundred-acre lot to James Kingsbury; 
also a city lot to Nathaniel Doan, conditioned on iiis 
living on it as a blacksmith. At the same time an- 
other assessment of twenty dollars a share was ordered ; 
thirty-five dollars a share having already been raised 
during the preceding summer. 

The question of political jurisdiction was still not 
quite decided, but the stockholders offered all their po- 
litical authority, more or less, to Congress; at the same 
time requesting that the authorities of tiie Northwest 
Territory should form a new county, to embrace the 
AVesteru Reserve. Some small donations of land were 
also offered to actual settlers. A committee reported 
in favor of building a road near Lake Erie from the 
Pennsylvania line to Cleveland, with a branch to the 
salt springs in the present county of Mahoning. The 
stockholders voted that the fifteen hundred dollars 
promised to the Lidians, through Brant, should be 
paid to the United States superintendent of Indian 
affairs, to bo divided among the Six A'dfiiHin as he 
siiould think just. 

On the 39th of the same month tlie stockholders 
were again convoked by the directors to receive the 
report of the committee on partition, consisting of 
Pease, Spafford, Warren and ITol brook. Six town- 
ships were to be sold for the general benefit; two ot 
them being Euclid and Cleveland (then including 
Newburg) and four being outside of Cuyahoga county. 
Four other townships (Warrensville, Bedford and 
twi) outside tiie county) were drawn in four hundred 
parcels, one to each siiare. All tiu^ rest of the Re- 
serve east of the Cuyalioga was drawn in ninety- 
three jiarcels; each consisting of a towiisbi[i or more. 



These, as before arranged, were received by the ]iro- 
prietors, who clubbed together in groups for the pur- 
pose; each group dividing its portion among its mem- 
bers as they could agree. This ended the direct 
connection of Mr. Pease with the Connecticut Land 
Company. He was afterwards employed by the " Hol- 
land (!iuiipany " in surveying its land, which com- 
prised six or eight of the westernmost counties of 
New York. When his brother-in-law, Gideon Gran- 
ger, became j)ostniaster-general of the United States 
in 1801, Mr. Pease was made assistant postmaster- 
general. While holding that position he was employed 
by the government to relocate the south line of the 
Western Reserve, in 1800. 

The stockholders were still in trouble because Con- 
gress had failed to take any special action regarding 
their territory, and again petitioned the legislature of 
Connecticut to afford them relief, but that body wisely 
decided to make no movement which might bring it 
into collision with the national authorities. Tiie 
com{)any also voted to give two hundred dollars, or 
loan five hundred, to any one who would put up a 
gristmill near the Cuyahoga, and likewise to others, 
to do the same in other localities. Two more assess- 
ments were levied, often dollars jier share each. 

In the spring of 1798 a party of eighteen came out 
to the Reserve and built a road from Cleveland to the 
Pennsylvania line, near the lake shore, which occu- 
pied tiiem the greater part of the season. The same 
year Doan, (who had returned from the East to settle,) 
Edwards, Stiles and Gun followed the example of 
Kingsbury and located tiiemselves four or five miles 
each from the mouth of the Cuyahoga. Doan made 
his home at the point long known as Doan's Corners, 
and the others along the ridge south from tiiat point. 
Tiio object of all of them was to escape the ague, then so 
terribly prevalent in the "city," and to a great extent 
tliey succeeded. T'lieir removal left the "city" to 
the occupancy of Mr. Carter, Mr. AmosSpaft'ord, (who 
came there the same year) and their families, and to 
Joseph Landon and Stephen Gilbert who cleared land 
and sowed some wheat. The early accounts speak 
fre<juontly of tlie generous assistance afforded by Mr. 
Carter and his wife to the fever-smitten inhabitants. 
He seems to have escaped sickness to a considerable 
extent, and his expertness with his rifle enabled him 
to make fre<pieut and most welcome presents of game 
to his afflicted neighbors. Deer were i)lenty, and 
could be seen forty, fifty or even sixty rods away, 
owing to the fact that there was very little underbrush 
in any part of the county. Mr. Carter also brought 
goods that year to trade with the Indians; thus be- 
coming the first merchant in the county after the 
settlement by the whites. The same year Mr. .lohu 
Morse and others made a settlement in Euclid. 

As illustrative of the hardships undergone by the 
early settler, it may be mentioned that Nathaniel 
l)oan anil his whole family, numbering nine persons, 
were siek during a considerable part of the season. 
The only one able to do anything was his nephew, 



THE PERIOD FROM 17!iS TO 18(hi. 



45 



S(^th Doiiu, a boy of thirteen, and he h.id the incvita- 
lil<' sliakes. For two months Setli went to Mr. 
Kinijshiiry's and got eorn, which he then ern.shed in 
Ml-. King8l)nry".s liand-niill and took iionie to (lie 
family. When he was nnahle to go tliey had no 
vegetable food hut turnips, though (iartei' and his 
Ihiiuids kept them pretty well su[iplied with venison. 

The mill spoken of, at least the first one built liy 
Mr. Kingsbury, was of the form which was common 
in all tiie new country tluring (he first years of settle- 
niriil. An oak stumj) was hollowed out so that it 
wiiuhl hold about half a bushel of corn. Above it a 
iieavv wooden jiestle was suspended to a ''spring- 
p(ii(\" the large end of which was fastened to a neigli- 
lioring tree. A convenient quantity of corn being 
]ii)ured into the hollow, the pestle was seized with 
b.iih hands and brought down u|i()n it. Then the 
spring-pole drew it up a foot or two above the corn, 
when it was again brought down, and thus the work 
continued until the corn was reduced to a (piantity of 
very coarse meal. These machines were commonly 
called " plum|)ing-mills," and probably each of tiie 
first-settled townships in tiie county had one or more 
of those rude but convenient articles. For three or 
four years there was no water-mill nearer than Penn- 
sylvania. 

.Mr. Kingsbury, however, being a particularly en- 
terprising pioneer, soon constructed something more 
effective than his plumping-niill, tliough still unal)le 
to compass a regular gristmill. Getting a cou|)le of 
large stones in the vicinity, he shaped them into 
some similitude to mill-stones and fastened the lower 
tirmly in position. To the upper one he affixed a 
long lever, by which it could be rotated back and 
forth, and with this simple machinery lie and his 
neighbors were able to grind their corn finer and 
more rapidly than with the discarded plum|)ing-mill. 

Tiie doctor who attended the surveyors having re- 
turned with them, there was no physician in all this 
jiart of the Reserve. It fact it was twelve years 
jiiore before one located in Cuyahoga county. The 
peojile had to do their own doctoring and pi'ovidc 
their own medicine. Instead of calomel they used an 
infusion of butternut Ijark; instead of ipiinine, a de- 
coction of dogwood and cherry. These were crude 
remedies, yet, notwithstanding the extreme sickliness 
of tiie locality, which is admitted by all the early set- 
tlers, it does not appear that tin; moi-tality was niiieli 
larger than in sections where there was an ample sup- 
ply of physicians. Doubtless, however, a good phy- 
sician would have stojiped the iircvaleiit fevers more 
quickly than they "wore themselves out," and would 
thus have |)revcnted much suffering. 

The last three years of the cigiiteenth cent iiiy were 
remarkable in this locality for the early appearance of 
warm weather. Pinks and other llowers bloomed in 
February each year, and peach trees were in full 
blossom in March. 

All along during the early years of settlement the 
Chippewas, Ollatoas aud other westeru Indians, to 



the number of several hundred, were in the habit of 
coming every autumn from their summer homes on 
the Sandusky and iM an nice, where they raised their 
corn, and assembling at the mouth of the Cuyahoga. 
There they piled their canoes, and then scattered out 
into the interior to spend the winter in hunting and 
tra))[)iiig. Having ac'|uircd an ample supply of meat 
for summer use, and a ipiantity of valuable furs, they 
would return in the s[)ring to the point where they 
had left their canoes. 

Here they would sell their furs, ami before return- 
ing home would indulge in a grand, annual drunk. 
For this festive occasion they prepared, with praise- 
worthy caution, by giving their tomahawks, knives, 
rifles and all other weapons to the squaws. These 
articles the latter would liiile in some secluded place, 
carefully concealed from the warriors. iSometimes an 
ample allowance of whisky would be ]>nrchased "in 
bulk " of the nearest trader, with which the Indians 
would retire to some forest nook and there celebrate 
their frantic orgies. Sometimes they bought it by the 
drink; increasing the amount and the frequency as 
the hours [irogressed. 

Whichever way was adopted a terrific scene was 
the result. The warriors, as the whisky mounted t,o 
their brains, threw off all the usual stolidity of their 
demeanor; told with braggart shouts of the wars in 
which they had been engaged aud the number of 
scal|is they had taken; tore off even the scanty gar- 
ment they generally wore; rent the air with blood- 
curdling yells, and often fought among themselves 
with nature's weapons or such clubs and stones as 
they could jiick u|i. At such times they frecpiently 
sought zealously for the knives and rifles of which 
they had pi'cviously disjiossessed themselves, but the 
.s<piaws generally i)erformed their duty as custodians 
with great fidelity, and a severe pounding was the 
most serious injury the irate warriors received at each 
other's hands. 

ffor were the sipiaws entirely dei)rived of their 
share of amusement. After their lords had awakened 
fi'om the sleep which followed their debauch, aud had 
received back their weapons, the gentler sex were al- 
lowetl (iirovided there was any whisky left or any fur 
to buy it with) to indulge in a lively drunk of their 
own. Their demonstrations were almost as frantic, 
but not usually as pugnacious, -ah those of the warriors. 

After all had satiated themselves with i)leasure — 
according to their ideas — they launched their canoes, 
loaded in their dried deer meat and bear meat, and 
those skins which, being unsalable to the whites, they 
destined for the furnishing of their lodges, and 
paddled swiftly away to their fertile cornfields at the 
head of the lake. 

In the spring of 17'.*'.', the Indians obtained the 
whisky for their annual celebration from Mr. Car- 
ter. After using up their first sup|)ly they sent him 
furs and obtained more, and this was often re[ieateil. 
Doubtless thinking that the less liquor they drank 
the better off they would be, the worthy trader, ;ii> 



46 



GENERAL IILSTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



the tradition goes, diluted the whisky with larger and 
larger ((iiantities of water, as his customers became 
more and more intoxicated. The result was tiiat 
tliey became sober long before they exiiected, and 
knew that a fraud had been perpetrated. Nine of 
them came to Carter's cabin in a great rage; swearing 
vengeance because tliey had l)eeii ciieated out of a 
part of their drunk. Luckily all their arms were still 
in the possession of the s(|uaws. They ((uickly burst 
open the cabin door, but the burly trader, standing 
behind it, knocked down three or four of tliem as they 
entered, sprang over their prostrate forms, rushed 
upon those outside, and drove tlicni, unaccustomed 
to fist-fights, in tumultuous disorder to their canoes. 
Ere he returned to the cabin, his other foes gathered 
themselves up and sli]iped (piietly away. 

For a while Carter was somewhat anxious lest they 
sliould all return with their weapons, but instead of 
that, after a considerable time had passed, a deputa- 
tion of s(piaws appeared and professed themselves 
desirous to make peace. The tradei' readily assented, 
walked over alone to the camp of his enemies, and 
easily succeeded in pacifying tliem. Wlietiier he 
was able to convince ti)em that it was a highly moral 
transaction to water an Indian's whisky when he 
was getting too drunk, and then knock him down 
for resenting it, history saith not, but there is no 
doubt that he exorcised an immense influence over the 
Indians, and could take liberties with tliem which no 
one else could. His bold, rough-and-ready ways, 
his great physical strength, and his expertness as a 
marksman and hunter, far sujjerior to tlieir own, 
were all attributes which naturally gained the intense 
admiration of the rude, untntored children of the 
forest. Some of them declared he was a magician, and 
could kill an animal with his riile without breaking 
its hide. 

On their way to and from their summer residence, 
the Indians usually stoj)ped at Rocky river to fish, and 
this was also a favorite resort of the whites. The 
former generally fished at night in their canoes, with 
torclilight and spears; the whites used these means, 
l)ut also fre(iuently resorted to the hook and line, 
and sometimes managed to construct a small seine. 

In the spring, summer and fall of 17!I'.J, W. W. 
Williams and Major Wyatt built the first gristmill in 
the present county of Cuyahoga. It was located at 
the falls of Mill creek, in what was long known as 
the village of Newburg, but is now a i)art of the city 
of (Jleveland. 'I'lie Land Company gave the ])roprie- 
tors a luiiidred acres of land aud all the irons for 
their mill, in consideration of their ))ntting it up. 
The irons were the most important part of the struct- 
ure, as it was absolutely necessary to bring them from 
the East, while all the rest of the apiiliances could be 
procured in the vicinity. 

The water was conveyed in a trough dug out of 
logs to an undershot wheel, "twelve feet over," 
which had but one set of arms, with brackets fifteen 
inches long, running inside the trough. David and 



Gilman Bryant, who were still engaged in their grind- 
stone trade from Vermillion river, made the mill- 
stones out of material obtained by the side of the 
creek, half a mile below the mill. 

By this time it had become evident that almost all 
the surveyors had given up tlieir idea of settling in 
Euclid, and about all that remains in evidence of 
their design is the name of the great mathematician, 
api)lied by tlieni to their favorite township. Other 
settlers, however, came into that townshiii and Cleve- 
land, of whom more particular mention will be made 
in the township histories. 

The next year, J800, Williams and Wyatt built a 
sawmill, near their gristmill, on Mill creek; the 
former, like the latter, being the first institution of 
its kind in the county. As in the case of tlie first 
mill, too, the irons for the sawmill were presented by 
the company. 

This year was also distinguished by the establish- 
ment of the first school in the county. It was kept 
by Miss Sarah Doan in the Kingsbury neighborhood, 
which, as before stated, was long a part of Newbui-'>-, 
but has now been absorbed in the omnivorous city. 

Some important movements were made regarding 
the fee-simple and the political jurisdiction of the 
Western Reserve. The United States at length for- 
mally conveyed all its title to the soil of that terri- 
tory to the State of Connecticut (by which State it 
had been legally v.ested in the members of the Land 
Conij)anyand in the ''Fire Lands" jiroprietors), while 
on the other hand the State formally released to Hie 
United States all its claims to the political jurisdic- 
tion of the territory in question. 

On the lOth of July, 1800, the legislature of Ohio 
formed a new county out of parts of Jefferson and 
Wayne, comprising all of the Western Reserve, in- 
cluding the "Fire Lands" and the neighboring is- 
lands in the lake. To this county was given the 
name of "Trumbull," in honor of Jonathan Trum- 
bull, then governor of the State of Ccmnecticut, and 
a son of thecelebrated Revolutionary governor of the 
same name, who was the original " Brother.Jonathan." 
The county-seat was located at Warren; the most of 
the settlers, who were very few, being in the soiilh- 
eastern corner of the Reserve. 

On the -i-Znd of September, ISOO. Gov. St. Clan- 
issued his proclamation, directed to David Abboft, 
who had been appointed sheriff of Trumbull county, 
and who lived near the mouth of Chagrin river in 
the present county of Lake, reiiuiring him to hold an 
election at Warren on the second Tuesday of October, 
for the purpose of choosing a representative in the 
Territorial legislature. The election was duly held 
at the time and place specified, when only forty-two 
votes were cast for the whole county of Trumbull; 
that is to say in the whole Western Reserve. As it 
was about sixty miles from the county-seat to Cleve- 
land and the same distance to Conneaut, it is quite 
probable that some of the voters stayed at home. 
Edward Paine, whom we have mentioned as living 



THP] IM*;ilI()I) FROM 18(11 TO lS(ir,. 



47 



with Ihc Stiles family diuiiijj; the lirst winter tliut 
Gleveliuul was occupied by wliitc people, received 
thirty-eight of the forty-two votes, and was declared 
duly elected. This was the first election in which the 
settlers on the Reserve had taken part, and they were 
highly pleased to lind themselves once more perform- 
ing the accustomed duties of citizens. 

Afeanwhile, however, the lirst c^ourt of (puirlcr ses- 
sions had been held at Warren, on the fourth Monday 
of August, 1800, by the judge of i)robal(^ and the 
"justices of (|norum"'of the new county. The for- 
mer was John [icavitt. The latter were .John Young, 
Tinliand Kii'tland, Camden Oleayeland, HIiphalet 
Austin ami Janu'S Kingsbury; the last named being 
the only member fi'om the present county of Cuya- 
hoga. 'I'be lirst justice of the peace not "of (pio- 
runi," from tliis county, was Amos Spaiford. The 
court appointed a commission consisting of Amos 
SpalTord, David Hudson, Simeon Perkins, John Mi- 
nor, A, Wheeler, Edward Paine and Benjamin David- 
son, to report a proper division of TrnmbuU county 
into townsiii[)S with convenient boundaries. 

On their report the county was organized in eight 
linvnships, of which Cleveland was the westernmost. 
It com|)rised all of Cuyahoga county, together with 
the townships of Chester, Russell and Bainliridge in 
Geauga county. It also embraced the wiiole Indian 
country to the western boundary of the Reserve, (in- 
cluding the Fire Lands,) which was also the western 
boundary of the county. Its jurisdiction over the 
tract west of the Cuyahoga was, however, merely 
nominal; as there were no white men there to govern, 
and no one in those days thought of subjecting the 
Indians on tlieir own ground to civil law. Thus the 
township of Cleveland had an area of aliout two thou- 
sand three hundred and forty s<|uare miles; of which, 
however, only about two hutulred and sixty sipiare 
miles were oi)en to occupation by the whites. 'I'he 
next township east of Cleveland was Painesville. 

The distinction between survey townshi|)s and c:i\ il 
townships .should always be boriie in mind iiy those 
studying tlie early histin-y of this section, 'i'hus, 
while the civil township of Cleveland embraced the 
immense territory above described, the survey town- 
ship of the same name comprised only a small district 
aliout five miles by eight, out of wiiich were after- 
wards formed the civil townships of (Jlevelaud and 
Newburg. 

After the county had been thus divided into town- 
ships, the court appointed constables for them; thr)sc 
for f^evelaud lieiiig Stephen (Jilbert and fjorcnzo 
Carter. 

In this year Turhand Kirtland, writing to (ii-neral 
Cleaveland from the town wkich bore the name of 
the latter, declared that the prices of land were too 
high; objecting especially to the demand of twenty- 
live dollars per acre for city lots. lie stated that 
ibe crop.s were extremely good, the .settlers iiealthy 
and in good s|)irils, and their numbers increasing as 
rapidly as could be expected. There was a universal 



scarcity of cash, however, which of course made pay- 
ments dillicult. T'he .settlers were anxious that the 
company should build a store, and take grain and 
other produce in jiayment for thi-ir land. This, iiow- 
cver, was not done. 



CHAPTKR IX. 

THE PERIOD FROM 1801 TO 1806. 

Saincii'l lIunliTiKton -No I.aw.s— Oranrt Fimrth of July Ci-li'liralion— 
(lilrimn nry.ant anil his Lady— The Ball— A Tiav«liiig Minisli'r— First 
Town .McRtiiiif— First Township Offlceis— Mr. Hnntinglon ninilc .Ins- 
tion <it the Quorum— His Politics— Attempt to sell Six Toivnships— 
Failuri-, anil tlie Oause-Thr Townships divided- HuntingUm a Judge 
of the Supreme Court-First Indictment— The First Murder— •' Me no 
f laid "—A Treacherous Bli>w-Thri> its of Revenge— A Compromise- 
Two Gallons of Consolation Organization of Militia— (^artt»r elected 
Captain — A Useless Protest — The Captain promoted to Ma.ior The 
Sloop Cuyahoga Packet -Purchase of th(> Land West of th(^ Cuyahoga 
— Proposed Council .at Cleveland -Indians stay Away— Coluicil at San- 
dusky— Terms of the Treaty Silver in Payment-First Post-Dtllce— 
Collection-District of Erie— Settlement of Mayndd— Another Mliitia 
Election— List of Voters- Formation of Geauga County— Survey of 
West-Side Lands— The Perils of the Lake— A Terrible Scene— Rescue 
of "Ben" — Loss of the Schooner "Washington." 

E.vitLY ill the spring of 1801, Samurj Iliint ington, 
of Connecticut (a nephew of the governor of that State 
of the same name), who had been examining the 
lands on the Reserve during the previous summer, 
and had at the same time obtained admission to the 
bar of the State, came to Cleveland and selected that 
point as his future homo. He immediately employed 
workmen to build him a large, hewed-log hou.se, 
which, notwithstanding its humble materials, ap- 
peared fpiite aristocratic in comparison with the 
cai)ins of the other settlers. He also employed Mr. 
Samuel Dodge to bnild him a framed l)arn; this being 
the first framed edifice in the county. The boards 
were of course oi)tained from Williams and Wyatt's 
mill at Newburg. 

Mr. Huntington was the first lawyer in the county. 
He did not, hcuvever, obtain any considerable prac- 
tice; for the immigrants from the land of steady 
haljits were not litigious, and were too few in number 
to make much business for an attorney. Huntington 
was evidently ahead of his time, as were many others, 
in expecting that Cleveland would soon be a large 
town. In fact no one could have appeared more in- 
congruous among the rude settlers, the red Indians, 
the log cabins and the frowning forests of this ex- 
treme frontier than the slight, dapper counselor, 
thirty-live years old, about five feet eight inches tall, 
highly educated, and having actiuired in European 
travel not only a knowledge of the French language 
l)ut a<lemonstrative alTability of manner, described by 
Americans by the general title of " Frenchy." Yet 
so impartially were his hows and smiles distributed 
to all around, and so shrewd wjis his political man- 
agement, that important |inblic trusts were soon C(tn- 
fided to him, and he rose in no long time to the 
higiiest honors of the State. His first advancement 
w;is an appointment as lien tenant-colonel of the 
Trumbnll-connty militia regiment. 



GENEIIAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Down to this time there had been no laws of any kind 
in tlie vicinity. Tiiere were no officiaLs to enforce tliein, 
and in fact it had previously been some what doubt- 
ful whether the laws of the Northwestern Territory 
ajiplied to the Connecticut Reserve. For a wonder, 
there had been no cases of lynch-law, and there 
had been but a single instance of what might be 
called chib-law — the row between Carter anil the 
Indians. 

It might appear that there was now a prospect of 
more lively times, for in this year the first distillery 
in the present ciiunty was erected at Cleveland by 
Uavid Bryant. 'I'll is, however, was entirely a matter- 
of-course proceeding; a distillery being invariably one 
of the first institutions of a new settlement, and 
being generally erected l)y one of the most ivs|ioeta- 
ble and responsible men in it. 

All the old chronicles speak enthusiastically of the 
grand celebration and ball in honor of the Fourth of 
July, in 1801. The writer was at first in doubt 
whether this should he included in the general history 
of the county or be relegated to the more restricted 
details of Cleveland local annals. But after duly 
considering tliat it was the first Fourth-of-July cele- 
bration in the county, (at least the first that has found 
its way into history.) and was likewise the first ball in 
the county, and was prolnibly attended by almost all 
the citizens of the county, he has concluded to assign 
it a j)lace among the county annals. 

Of the patriotic observances during the day no ac- 
count has been preserved, but the grand ball has been 
described in glowing terms. Oilman Bryant, one of 
the ]):irticii)aulrS, has narrated, in a letter i)nl>lislied by 
Colonel Whittlesey, the appearance and mode of travel 
of himself and his lady, in terms doubtless applicable 
with some modifications to many others of the guests. 
The youthful knight, only seventeen years old, waited 
on "Miss Doan. who had just arrived at Doau's Cor- 
ners four miles cast of Cleaveland," and who w;is 
]u-obably the daughter of Timothy l»o;ui, who came 
thither that year but afterwards removed to Euclid. 
The lady was hut fourteen years old. 

The cavalier attired himself gorgeously, in what he 
assures us was the prevailing mode; wearing a suit of 
gingham, a good, wool hat and a i)air of siihstantial, 
brogan shoes, llis long hair was bound behind in a 
(pieue about as long and as thick as an ordinary corn- 
col), tieil round with ayard and a half of black ribbon, 
below which the hair extended in a small tuft. Those 
were the days of jjowdered wigs among the gentry. 
and the youth came as near the genteel standard as 
he could by annointing his hair with tallow. an<l then 
sifting on it as much flour as he could make stick. 
Thus arrayed, he mounted a horse and rode out to his 
lady's mansion of logs. She clind)ed upon a stum|i, 
and he rode up beside it; she kirtled her calico dress 
about her waist lo keep it clean, spread her under- 
j)etticoat on the horse's back, mounted, and clasped 
her cavalier about the waist to steady herself, and 
away they went iu splendid style to the double log- 



house of Mr. Carter, on the brow of the hill at the 
west end of Superior street. 

Thither, too, came the whole rli/i' of the Cuyahoga 
county which was to be. Wagons rolled in from the 
lake-washed shores of Euclid ; horsemen with dames 
behind them rode down from the mills of Mill creek, 
arid young farmers came in high glee with their girls 
from the Kingsbury ridge, which had attracted so 
many settlers on account of its healthy location. No 
less than twenty gentlemen and fifteen ladies graced 
the festive occasion. John Wood, Benjamin Wood 
and R. 11. Bliun were the managers; Samuel Jones, 
afterwards (piite noted as Major Jones, was the chief 
violinist and floor-manager. His ringing tones called 
off the rignres in "Fisher's Hornpipe," "Hi, Betty 
Martin" and the " Virginia Reel," and cavaliers and 
dames, old and young, married and single, responded 
with a vigor which marked the rude floor with the 
dent of many a heavy brogan, while the rough ceiling 
was almost reaidied by the heads of some of the taller 
dancers. If their spirits flagged they were speedily 
renovated with a beverage concocted of whisky, water 
and maple sugar, and the 5th of July was well under 
way ere the jovial revelers returned to their homes 
by means of the same primitive conveyances which 
had borne them to the scene of festivity. ' 

The first minister in the county, of whom there is 
any record, (aside from Seth Hart, whose business as 
superintendent of the Land Company was of a secular 
nature,) was the Reverend Joseph Badger, a mission- 
ary from Connecticut, who came along the lake shore 
about the middle of August, 1801. After lodging at 
Carter's he and a companion crossed the Cuyahoga in 
a canoe, (leading their horses which swam the stream.) 
and then ])ursiied the Indian path to Rocky river. 
There, while cutting brush, they were, as he says, 
saluted with a "sing," which on investigation proved 
to be that of a "large, yellow rattlesnake," which 
they immediately dispatched. 

In 180'i. at the February term of the court of i|uar- 
ter-sessioiis for Trumbull county, it was ordered that 
iJie first town meeting of the township of Cleveland 
should be held at the house of James Kingsbury. It 
was accordingly so held, Rudolplius Edwards serving 
as chairnuin, and the following officers were elected: 
town clerk, Nathaniel Doan ; trustees, Amos Spaf- 
ford, Timothy Ooau and W. W. Williams; apprais- 
ers of houses, Saniuel Hamilton and Elijah Oun ; 
lister, Ebenezer Ayer : supervisors of highways, Sam- 
uel Huntington, Nathaniel Doan and Samuel Hamil- 
ton ; overseers of the poor, W. W. Williams and 
Samuel Huntington ; fence-viewers, Lorenzo Carter 
and Nathan Chapman ; constables, Ezekiel Hawley 
and Richard Craw. 

While Mr. Huntington's neighbors were thus elect- 
ing him til the honorable, but not very important, 
oHict's of supei'visor of highways a.nd overseer of the 
poor, (Jov. St. Clair had in January appointed him 
one of the justices "of the (|Uorum" for Trumbull 
county, and when the court of quarter sessions met. 



TTIK I'KRIolt FROM 1S(M To 1800. 



40 



;ilUi(iiit;li iiii was I he jiinidi- iiii'iiilicr, liis :il hiiimicnts 
wtTO such tluit all his collcagitos gladly coiiseiitod 
I Nat. he should act as (thairniaii. 

This year an act was passed by Congress, providing 
for a convention f,o forma 8tafo constitution for Ohio. 
In Noveniher an ele('tion was held for iiieinhtws of 
the eonviMition, and ^[r. Huntington was chosen a 
delega((^ for Truniluill county. In the division of 
parties Mr. Huntington ranked himself among the 
liej)nl)licans, or followers of .lefferson, in opposition 
to the Federalists, who helicv{Hl in the pi'iuciples of 
Washington and IFn-inilton. The foi-nier p:i,rty ei'e 
long took the iKime of " Democrat," which it has re- 
tained to the picscnt time, winle its own old naine 
of '' Uepubli(^•ln " \v;is .■iilopted some twenty-liNc^ 
years ago by the new party formed to resist the ag- 
gressions of slavery. Mr. Huntington, however, was 
a moderate member of the l{ei)ublican iiart.y, and the 
old Federalists, finding they had no chance of |>arty 
success in Ohio, willingly contributed to the advance- 
ment of the ambitions Cleveiaiuler. who thus mounted 
rajiidly to high honors. 

In July, 180,^, Mr. Badger again visited this ]iai't 
of the Reserve. In his account of his former journe\ 
he makes no mention of preaching within the limits 
of Cuyahoga county, hut this year he preached to the 
live families whom he found at Newhurg, which name 
had already been given to the settlement around I he 
mills on Mill creek. Even there, the reverend 
gentleman coidd liiid no apparent piety. Jn Cleve- 
land he states there were but two families, though 
we cannot make out less than three. Fn Euclid, al- 
together, there were four or live families. 

About this period the six township.s, reserved as 
before stated for the general benefit of the Land C'om- 
pany, were put uj)on the market. The company was 
grievously disapjwinted at the results, for only very 
little land was sold and very low prices were obtained. 
••t!ity lots" also fell fnmi lifi \ dollars each in cash to 
lueiity-live dollars on credit. P^migration, at least 
into I his part of the K'eserve, was very slow — slower 
IIkhi into almost any other newly op(!ned portion of 
th(^ lIiiit(Hl States sinc(! tln^ Uev(dutioii. 

The reason is evident,. When the Conned iciil, 
Laml Comi)any iumiIc its givat pMrcbasi'. il, w:i,s e\- 
pec'tcd that large nnmbei's (jf emigi-aiils ucmiM go to 
New (.!(uiiiecticut by \v:t\ of Laki^ Krie. I!ut erelong 
the great tract of scvei-a! niillidus of acres in western 
New York, known iis I he Holland rurchase, was 
bought from the lndi:iiis an<l opened Ut set I lenient ;it 
Inw rates. Conse(pieiit ly no one would go ibroiigh 
that tract :ind two hundred miles beyond, uidess he 
•oiild obluin land at ruiiuiusly low prices. Adil to 
that that in the early days this section liiid a pecu- 
liarly unfortunate reputation regarding feverand ague. 
and it is easy to see why settlement was extremely slow. 
Many of the Land Company were heavy losers by 
till! specidation, and even the most fortunat(! gaim-d 
but, little inimedialebenelit. Tho.so, however, who were 
able to make their payments to the Stiile of Connecti- 



cut, and their numerous assessments to the company 
for necessary improvements, and to keep their pro[i- 
erty twenty or thirty years, either secured good in- 
vestments for their old age or left handsome estates 
to their children. In December, 1802, it being found 
impracticable to sell the six townships, they were 
divided by draft among the shareholders; thus dis- 
posing of all the Company's lands east of the Cuya- 
hoga, except a few city lots. 

After the adoption of the State constitution for 
<*bio, Mild tJic admission of the new State into the 
Union. Mr. Huntington, in the forepart of 1803, was 
elect(Hl a State senator for the county of Trumbull, 
and on the meeting of the first legislature he was 
made jiresident of the seiialc. Even this rapid ad- 
vancement was not all; on the second day of April, 
1803, he was aijjiointed a, judge of the supreme court. 
His commission was the first one emanating from the 
goveriioi- of the State of Ohio. 

Civilization steadily progressed; about this same 
time the lirst indictment against any one in the jire- 
scnt Cuyahoga county was found by the grand jury 
of Trumbull county against our active friend, the 
landlord, constable and Indian-trader, Lorenzo Charter, 
for assault a-nd battery on James Hamilton, of New- 
burg. 

The same year the legislature divided the State into 
four military districts; Trundjull county falling into 
the fourth district, (under Major-General Elijah 
Wadsworth, of Cantichl,) which also embraced Col-- 
umbiana and Jollersou counties and included all that 
pMrt of the State north of the south line of the latter 
county. 

It was also in tJiis yea,r, as near ;is can bo ascer- 
tained, (some say 1803,) that the lirst murder of which 
there is any record took |)laee in the county; though, 
as both the i)arties were Indians, it is not improbable 
that sinne similar transaction oc(uirred hei-c long be- 
fore any white man took tlu^ trouble to write about il. 
The crime sprang partly from superstition ami [lartly 
from idcobol; thf latter can.s(' could not oimu-mIc be- 
fore the M,(heiit, of the whites, but the former had 
an o]Kai held before as well as after that epoch. 

Although, as before stilled, there were but two <u- 
three f.iinilies at Cleveland, yet there were several 
persons, without families, in active busiiu^ss there, 
havid lirvMiil was running his dist-illery, Elisha Nor- 
ton :in(l David Clark were trading with the Indians, 
and a Scotchman named Alexander Campbell also 
built, a small tra<ling-house for the same jiui-pose. 
Tins little cluster of cabins around the distillery, 
under the bill, fm-med a constant attraction for both 
Indians .iiid sipiaws, esi)ecially at the time of their 
aiinuai return from llieir hunting exj>editions up the 
river. The sipiMWs bought the gaudiest calicos they 
ciuild lind ami s(\-irfs of tlu^ brightest hues, and were 
not averse while ti'ading to exchanging amorous 
glances with the traders, who were great men because 
they had so much calico. The warriors, more simple 
in their desires, bought whisky. 



50 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CU YAHOO A COUNTY. 



Among the Indians who frequented the little group 
of cahins was a Seneca, called by the whites " Big 
Son," a brother of a chief named Stigwanisli; the 
latter being a person of considerable influence, to 
whom was given tlie distinctiveappellation of Seneca — 
he being considered the especial representative of that 
powerful Trorjnoi.i tribe, of wlioni only a few were 
settled in tliis section. Big Son's wife fell sick, and 
lie employed as iier physician a " medicine-man " be- 
longing to the Chippewa tril)e, whose name was 
Mcnompsy— generally abbreviated by the whites to 
" Nobsy." The squaw died and the disconsolate hus- 
band attributed her death to the medicine-man. Big 
Son made some threats, but he was generally consid- 
ered a coward, oven by his brother, Stigwanish, who 
had treated him with great coldness in consequencej 
and it was not supposed there would be any serious 
results. 

Late one afternoon Menompsy was in Carter's tav- 
ern, when the subject of Big Son's threats was intro- 
duced. " Me no fraid," said the medicine man; "me 
charmed — no ball, no knife can kill me. See!" he 
exclaimed, throwing open his blanket and displaying 
several ugly scai's on various parts of his body, "see 
where Indian cut me; another Indian shoot me, and 
me no dead man yet — me no dead man yet.* 

Shortly afterwards he went down to one of the 
trading-houses at the foot of the hill. There he met 
Big Son, whose grief for his defunct spouse had been 
greatly stimulated by deep potations of Bi'yant's fiery 
whisky. A fierce altercation ensued, in which the 
Seneca renewed his threat and Menompsy again re- 
jieated: "Me no 'fraid — me no 'fraid." 

They went out of the store together, and asoended 
the path which wound up the bluff, where Union 
lane had been laid out and now runs. It was then 
becoming quite dark. When partly up the hill Big 
Son held out his hand, as if to shake hands in token 
of reconciliation. The same instant he drew his knife 
and plunged it into the side of the unguarded medi- 
cine-man. The latter fell to the ground, while the 
Seneca speedily made his way to the encampment of 
his brethren, below Carter's. 

An outcry was raised, and several white men came 
running to the scene— among them Mr. Cartel'. The 
wounded man looked up in his face, saying: "Me 
dead man now — yes, Nobsy broke now," and soim 
afterwards expired. 

In a short time some (Jliij)pewan took up the body 
and carried it across the river. There a grand pow- 
wow was held over it, and yells of revenge resounded 
through the forest hour after hour. The whites on 
the cast side were in extreme fear lest the savage 
Chipjwwas should attcmiit revenge on the small num- 
licr of Senecas, in which case the settlers were liable 
to be assailed in the drunken rage of the two parties. 
The next morning the CMfpewa warriors were seen 

•This part of the account is derived from Mrs. Miles, before men- 
tioned, who heard it from lier uncle. Major Carter, immediately after 
the murder. 



with their faces painted black in token of war, while 
it was not doubted that the Otlawast would stand liy 
their friends against the arrogant Iroquois. 

Messrs. Carter and Sjjafford interposed, and after 
some negotiations the wrathful Chippeuuis were in- 
duced to forego their vengeance on very reasonable 
terms; to wit, in consideration of a gallon of whisky, 
which Bryant was to make for them that day. It 
was agreed, however, that the Indians should remove 
their fallen brother to Rocky river before going 
through with the funeral ceremonies; as it was rightly 
supposed that an Indian "wake " at Cleveland, under 
the existing circumstances, might be even more dan- 
gerous than a declaration of war. 

For awhile tlie warriors waited patiently for the 
expected wiiisky. But Mr. Bryant, who happened to 
be busy at something else, with singular recklessness 
neglected to manufacture the promised peace-offering, 
and toward night the savages liecame more wrathy 
than before. They departed for their camp across 
the river, muttering threats of vengeance, which this 
time distinctly included the faithless whites. They 
were again followed by the principal men of the 
settlement, who solemnly promised that in view of 
their disai)i)oiiitnient the amount of the peace-otfering 
should be doubled, and they should certainly receive 
two gallons of whisky the next day. This time Bryant 
did not fail to perform, and the Chippewas obtained 
their consolation in time to remove the body to Rocky 
river the second day after the murder, accompanied 
by their friends, the Ollawas. When the mournful 
but fantastic ])rocession passed out of sight into the 
western woods, the whites breathed much more freely 
than they had during the previous forty-eight hours. 

Meanwhile the murderer and his brother Senecas 
do not appear to have troubled themselves much about 
the threats of the western Indians; apparently relying 
on the valor and warlike skill which jtertaiiied to them 
as a fraction of the all-conquering Iroquois. No one 
seems to have doubted that they would have defended 
Big Son against any attempt at vengeance on the 
part of the CJiipjmras. So far from being detested 
as a murderer by his countrymen, the lately despi.sed 
coward had suddenly become a hero in their eyes. 
The treacherous method in which vengeance was taken 
did not affect the glory of the deed, and Stigwanish 
promptly received his brother into high consideration. 

Early in 1804 we find the first movement made to 
organize the militia of this section; an event at that 
time of considerable imjiortance. The "trainings" 
were holidays attended by the whole population, and 
to be a captain or major of militia added in no slight 
degree to the consequence of the fortunate official. 
On the sixth of April Major-General Wadsworth issued 
an order dividing his district into two brigade-dis- 
tricts, the second of which consisted of Trunifiull 
county. This again Avas subdivided into two regi- 
mental districts, the first of which embraced all that 
part of the county north of the north line of town- 
sliij) five in the several r;inges; that is, north of North- 



THE PERIOD FROM ISOl TO ISOG. 



51 



ik'ld, Twinsburg, etc., iiiid including all of the present 
Cuyahoga county east of the river, together with 
Lake, Aslitabiila, Geauga and part of Triinibull coun- 
ties. It contained eight couijjany districts, the 
fourth of which comprised the civil township of 
C'ievuland; tlie boundaries whereof at tliat time have 
already been described. By the same order the com- 
])anies were directed to hold elections on the second 
of .May following, at which the members of each were 
to choose their own company oHicers. 

Accordingly, on the ap])ointed day tlie meml)ers 
of (he fourth company, first regiment, second l)rig- 
ade, fourth division, Ohio State militia, assembled 
at the house of James Kingsbury for the i)urj)ose 
just mentioned. James Kingsbury, Nathaniel Doan 
and Henjaniin Gold were elected judges. Tliere 
was a hot contest for the honors of tlie day, 
bill the judges decided and certified that Lorenzo 
C'arter was duly elected captain, Nathaniel Doau 
lieuteuaut, and Samuel Jones "ensign;" the latter 
oHicer corresjiouding to a second lieutenant at tlie 
present time. 

A protest was, however, put on record l)y eight 
voters, including several leading citizens, requesting 
the major-general to set aside the election. They 
alleged that persons under eighteen, and others not 
liable to military duty, had voted for the successful 
men, as well as some who did not reside in the town- 
shi|i. I'hey also declared Garter ineligible, firstly 
because he had given spirituous l:i[Uors to the votei's, 
and secondly because he had frei[uently threatened to 
set the savages on the inhabitants. The first charge, 
considering the customs of the period, may be taken 
fur granted without any evidence, but the latter is so 
[ireposterous, in regard to a man as pojjiilar as Carter 
evidently was, that it may safely be peremptorily 
rejected. N'eiy likely, however, the loud-voiced cap- 
tain, who, in modern phrase, "talked a good deal 
with his mouth," may have used some jesting ex- 
pression in his convivial moments, which could be 
distorted into sucii a threat. The i)rayer of the ]ii(>- 
test was not granted by the major-general, and in the 
liilbtwing August Captain Carter was elected major of 
the regiment; thus receiving the title by which he was 
known the remainder of his life. 

I n this year the sloop "(Juyahoga Packet," of twenty 
tons, was built at the mouth of Cliagrin river; being 
the first sail vessel erected in this part of tlie country, 
though Ijuilt just outside the present liniil-s of the 
county. The other vessels of American build at this 
time running on the lake were the " Wasiiinglon," of 
sixty tons, the " Uarleijuin," the "Good Intent," 
the " Adams," tlie " Tracy," the " Wilkinson " and 
the "Contractor." There were also some ves.sels of 
Canadian build. 

The most important event of the year ISd."* w;is the 
making of a treaty, extinguishing the Indian right of 
occupancy to that part of the Reserve west of the 
Cuyaiioga river. The lii'st council was agreed to be 
held at CIcYeland, and was to be attended not only by 



the western Indians but by a deputation from the 
Six Nalion.t, who still kept up a kind of shadowy 
claim to the lands, even west of the Cuyahoga, over 
which they had once inarched as con(pierors. 

Accordingly in June thirty Iroquois chiefs, accom- 
panied by their interpreter, Jas[ier Parrish, came to 
Cleveland to attend the council. The commissioner 
for the United States, under whose auspices the 
whole business was conducted, was Colonel Charles 
Jewett, a large, powerful man, to whom the Indians 
lo(jkcd up with the resjiect they seldom refuse to 
great physical strength. The representatives of the 
Connecticut Land Company were General Henry 
Cliaiii[)ion, the first president of the company, Oliver 
Phelps, and Gideon Granger, jwstmastor-general; 
while the ])ro])rietors of the Fire Lands were repren- 
sented by Koger A. Sherman, a distinguished Connec- 
ticut lawyer, J. Mills and William Dean. 

For some unknown reason, but probably to enhance 
the price of their lands by appearing to hold back, 
the western Indians neglected to come to Cleveland 
according to their previous agreement. After wait- 
ing a few (hiys, the commissioners sought out the 
chiefs of the Chijipviras and Ottawas, who, with a 
show of reluctance, finally agreed to meet in council 
with the whites, at what was called Ogontz' Place, 
now Sandusky City. The usual ceremonies and 
speech-making were there gone through with, result- 
ing at length, on the •1th of July, 1805, in the cession 
by all the Indians of their right to that part of the 
lieservc west of the Cuyahoga, including the Fire 
Lands. It was said, at the time, that after the signing 
of the treaty many of the warriors wept at the 
thought that they must now yield up their ancient 
hunting-grounds. A barrel of wliisky was however 
dealt out to them, which doubtless soon caused their 
tears to disajipcar. 

By the treaty, the projirietors of the Fire Lands 
and the Connecticut Land Comj)any jointly agreed 
to pay the Indians seven thousand dollars in cash, 
and twelve thousand dollars more in six equal annual 
payments. The United States goveiiimentalso .igreed 
to pay the interest on thirteen thousand seven hund- 
red dollars forever, to the WyaHilata, the Muiisevs, 
and to those Seiwcas actually occupying tiie laud. 
The C/iippewa.s and Ollawas appear to have had no 
share in the latter payment. 

William Dean, one of the commissioners, reported 
the expense of the treaty, aside from the payments, to 
be ai)out. W^m thousand dollars. This included rum, 
tobacco, bread, meat, i)re.sents, "expenses of se- 
nii/liii," and commissions of agents and contractors. 
Meanwhile the seven tliousand dollars in silver, pro- 
vided l)y the proprietors to make the first i>ayment on 
the land, came through from Pittsburg in a wagon, 
iiy way of Warren to Cleveland, under the escort of 
seven resolute men, among whom was Major Carter. 
At C!leveland it was sliipped on boats, and taken to 
Sandusky. It arrived tiiere the day the treaty 
was signed, and the next day, together with an ample 



53 



PxENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



supply of inferior presents, was distributed among 
the Indians. 

During this year the first post-office in the county 
was e.stablished at Cleveland, and on the 33nd of 
October Elisha Norton was appointed postmaster. 

Tiie same year the collection-district of Erie was 
established; embracing the whole southern shore of 
Lake Erie, with headquarters at Erie, Pennsylvania. 
Previous to this time there has been no collection of 
revenues along the lake; tlie amount of trade being 
too small to justify the expense. The mouth of the 
Cuyahoga was made a port of entry at the same time, 
to be under the charge of an assistant collector. 
John Walworth, of Painesville, was aj)])ointed to that, 
office, and soon after removed to Cleveland. 

Another event of the year, showing the gradual 
spread of the population into the wilderness, was the 
first settlement in survey towiisiiip number eight, in 
range ten, now the civil township of Mayfield. 

On the'^Oth of May, 1805, another military eleer.ion 
was held for the same company before mentioned, 
which, however, was now designated as the seventh 
eomjiany of the second battalion; the regiment, brig- 
ade and division remaining as before. Nathaniel 
Doan was elected cai)taiii in place of Carter, promoted 
to major of the battallion. Samuel Jones was chosen 
"leuftenant" (as the record says) and Sylvanus linvk 
(of Euclid) ensign. The judges were Major Carter, 
W. W. Williams and William Krwin. 'I'iie wIk.Ic 
number of votoa iiresent was thirty, tweiily-nine of 
whom voted for Doan and Jones; each of the wortjiv 
candidates declining t<j vote for himself. Sylvanus 
Burk, however, received but twenty-four votes; tiie 
other si.K going to Ezekiel Ilawley, or Holley, as the 
name was sometimes spelled. 

As the list of voters at this election eom[)rised 
nearly all the males between eigiiteen and forty-live 
then in the county, we transcribe it from Col. Whit- 
tlesey's work, althoiigii the orthograi)hy of some of 
the names is a little doubtful. It is as follows: Jack 
F. Mason, David Kellogg, Ebenezer (Charter, Jacob 
Coleman, Henjamin Warder, Daniel Parker, Christo- 
fer Gun, William Coleman, John Doan, Thomas 
Thomas, Henry Norton, Harry (inn, Jonathan Ilub- 
l)ard, Mason Clerk, Nathan Chapman, Nehemiah 
Dille, Timothy Doan, Seth Doan, Steven Gilbert, 
Samuel Hurst, Richard Bliu, Epetary Rogers, Samuel 
Jones, Nathaniel Doan, VViiliatu Erwin, Benjamin 
Wood, Sylvanus Burk, Samuel Dille, Meagc Deta, 
'Charles Prard. 

On the Slst of December, of this year, the county of 
Geauga was formed from Trumbull by act of the leg- 
islature. It emljraced all that ]iart of the present 
Cuyahoga county east of the river, and all west as far 
as the west line of range fourteen; that is, the west 
line of Roekport, Middleburg and Strougsville. The 
present townships of Dover and Olmstead still re- 
mained nominally attached to Trumbull county. The 
act did not go into op:'ration until March, 1800. 
The seat of justice of the new county was fixed at 



Chardon, where it is still located. This was more 
convenient than Warren, but was still very unsatisfac- 
tory to the people near the mouth of the Cuyahoga, 
who were jiatiently expecting a great city to grow up 
at that point, and thought it inconsistent with the 
general fitness of things that they should journey 
nearly thirty miles, to an interior village, to settle their 
quarrels or record their deeds. So they made strerai- 
ous efforts to promote the organization of a county 
extending on both sides of the Cuyahoga, the natural 
focus of which should be near the" mouth of that 
stream. 

Soon after the cessnui by the Indians of that ]iart 
of the Reserve west of the Cuyahoga, Messrs. Abram 
Tappen and Aaron Sessions obtained a contract for 
surveying it into townships. They and their twelve 
employees met at Cleveland on the 15tli day of May, 
ISOC, to commence their work. The United States 
government had directed Seth Pease, then assistant 
postmaster-general, to survey the south line of the 
Reserve. Tappen and Sessions waited several days 
for him to come to Cleveland, but as he did not do so 
they proceeded without him; running their meridians 
so far south, that Pease's line would be sure to cross 
them. Pease did not begin his work until the 24th 
of June, when the meridians were nearly finished. 

The same system was pursued on the west side as 
On the east; the townsiiips being laid off five miles 
scpiare, the best being taken as a standard, and some 
of the others l)eing divided and added to the remain- 
der to bring them uj) to that standard. An equalizing 
committee, on behalf of the proprietors, went with 
the surveyors. 

It was while this survey was going on that the cele- 
brated total eclii)se of June 16, 1806, occurred; tiie 
day becoming in the forest as dark as night itself, and 
giving the Indians cause to think they had offended 
the Great Si)irit by selling the homes of their fathers 
to the intruding white men. 

Amos Spafford, of Cleveland, and Almon Ruggles, 
of Huron, were authorized by the Connecticut Land 
Company and the proprietors of the Fire Lands to 
run the line between their res])ective tracts. This 
being done, there remained, as near as could be 
ascertained, eight hundred and twenty-nine thousaiul 
acres west of the Cuyahoga for the Connecticut Land 
Company. 

Early in the sjjring of this year, ISOO, an event 
occurred which, though affecting but a few persons, 
is so tyj)ical of the hardships of the pioneer days, 
wheti tho.se who met with misfortune often failed of 
rescue on account of the sparseness of the popuhition, 
that we have thought best to repeat it in the general 
history of the county. A man mimed Hunter, his 
wife and child, a colored man named Ben, and a 
small colored boy, who were moving to Cleveland 
from the settlements in Michigan in a small boat, 
were surprised on the lake by a heavy gale. They 
were driven ashore a short distance east of Rocky 
river. Unable to asceiul the high, pcri>eudicular 




(/m5^^^ (T^ 



I 



THE PERIOD FROM Kso: TO 181-2. 



53 



bliifT, lliey M climbed up tlio rocks as far as they 
coitlil, and there tliey waited with tlie cokl waters of 
tlie lake beating coiitiiiiioiisly over tliem, hoping and 
praying that some chance traveler on tlie Idnff above 
them might hear their cries, or some jiassing vessel 
might alford them relief. I'.iil no lra\cler came 
through the darksome lorest. and, as tlie storm 
iiii-reasiMl, all vessels remained wilhin the i>ro(ectioM 
(it the harbors. 

They were wrecked on Frid;iy. On Saturday the 
sionn grew more violent, and llielwo ciiildren ])er- 
islied from I lie chilling effect of the waters which 
washcil over I hem. On Siimhiy Mrs. Ilnnter snc- 
ciimlied I o the same angry element and t'\|iired. On 
Monday her hnshand, exhausted by cold and hunger, 
also died, leaving the coloreil man. Ken, clinging 
alone to the wreck and l)reasting the storm, which, 
however, was now abating. Slill another niglil he 
remained in his terrible position. (_»n 'I'ursday soiiu' 
Freiicii traders, who had started in a boat from Cleve- 
land for Detroit, saw poor J?en on his dismal pendi. 
took him on board, tni-ned about and ciii-ried him 
back to Clevelaml. 'I'licy left him at the tavern of 
Major Carter, who treated him with the generosity he 
usually bestowed on outcasts of every desci'iption. 
Hen's toes were frozen so that they came off, and the 
terrible sntTerings he had undergone brought on tlu' 
rheumatism, which twisted his limbs out of shape, so 
that he was hardly able to crawl around throughout 
the whole of the succeeding season. In the sjiecial 
history of tileveland will be found an account of the 
after adventures of ilajor Carter, [loor Ben and his 
Kentucky master. 

Another sad adventure of the year 18(MJ was the loss 
of the schooner " Washington," though only slight- 
ly connected with this county. It received om^ of the 
first elearanct'S from the new port at the mouth of 
the Cuyahoga, sailed out ujion the lake and was 
never hearil of more. 



c II A r T E i; .\ . 

THE PERIOD FHOM 1807 TO 1812. 

Formation of Cuyalio^'a Cniinl.v— U.-i linuii.laiies— Still altivilu-il to 
(ieauga-Murilei- of Mohawk ami Niiksaw— Kxcitomt'nt in this Conn 
ty— Ueniaiui of Stij^wanisli for .Justice— "Snow cannot lie"— Dc- 
scrip' ion of Stigwanisli — Scheme to open Rivers and make Portage 
Roail— A I^rttery authorized for that Pnr| io.se— fine I'romises— No 
Performance— Draft of Land west of Ciiyalioga -Jnd);e Huntiiiglnn 
elected («.>vernor— Another Disast4»r— Wrecked under a HlnfT AS'Ui's 
Bravery— .\ DilTieult Resciie— Numenius Oeattis by Drowning— C'Irve 
lanil made the Seat of Justice of Cuyahoga— A Primitive Bill for Serv- 
ices— A United States Senator fioni Cuyahoga County— An Early Mail 
Route —Carrying the Mail under I >itliculties— Organization of the Coun- 
ty— Kirst (Jfllcers— Huron County attached to Cuyahoga -Tin' ^'i^st 
t-*ourt- Census of ISIO— Kirst Physician — Kii-st Practicing Attorney- 
Fears of luilian llostilities-K.\tension of the WesU-rn Bounds of 
Cuyahoga— Increased Excitement regarding War A Murder by In- 
dians — Trial of Omic — ilis Bravado after Conviction- Mrs. Long's 
Kriglit-Tlie K.vecution— Major .(oness Perplexity— Omic's Terror— A 
Bargain to be hung for Whisky — More Trouble- More Whisky —Hung 
al last — Removal of the Body— Declaration of War. 

Wk begin this chapter with an actual Cuyahoga 
county, ill place of " the territory of Cuyahoga coun- 



ty," which has hitherto been the scene of our story. 
On the Kith day of Feliruary, 1807, the legislature 
passed an act creating three new counties — Ashtal)nla, 
Portage and Cuyahoga. The latter included all that 
part of Geauga county west of the east line of range 
(on — that is, the east line of Solon, Orange, MayfiiHd 
and Willoughl)y, then called Chagrin. Hoth east, and 
west of the river the southern boundary of the county 
was the same as now, but the western boundary ran 
along the western siileof range fourteen (Strongsville, 
Middleburg and liockport). In short the boundaries 
of the county were the same on its first formation as 
now, e.\cei)t.that it included Willonghby, now in Lake 
counry, and cirlm/cil Dover and <Mmslc;id. It was 
left attached to Oeaiiga county tor judicial purposes 
until ii. should be organi/.ed by the due ap|)oiiitment 
of officers, which was not until three years later. 

About the time of the formation of the county the 
[leople became greatly excited over events which al- 
most portended an Indian war. In the latter part of 
January an Indian called John .MoliawL killed a white 
man nanieil Daniel Divei'iiear Hudson — now Summit 
county. Two oT I )ivei"s friends named Darrow and 
Williams determined to avenge the murder. Finding 
a Svni'ca Indian named Nicksaw in the woods, and 
either believing him to be the murderer, or not earing 
whether he was or not, t'lu^y came n]ion him without 
a word of warning and shot him dead in his tracks. 
Major Carter and Mr. Campbell, the trader, went with 
the chief Stigwanisli and buried the slain Indian; 
all agreeing that the snow showed no appe:n-aiice of 
combat or resistance. 

It was soon ascertained beyond doulit that il was 
not Nicksaw but John Mohawk who had killed l>i\er. 
Then the whites were anxious that Mohawk should 
be deinamled from the Indians and punished for his 
crime. At the same time it was suggested l)y some 
of the leading men that Darrow and Williams should 
be arrested and punished for their crime. But tln^r 
neighbors bitterly oppo.sed this, and threatened death 
to any olficcr who should attempt to arrest them. 
The excitement spread ii;to this county, where some 
of the whites were opposed to the arrest of |t;iirow 
ami Williams, while others looke(l askance at the In- 
dians still ene;im|i(Ml aci'oss t he rivei- from Clevehind, 
and were aii\ious above all else for a, course which 
would keep the peace with those few but daii;:eroiis 
enemies. 

On the tenth of February Judge Huntington wrote 
to (ieneral Wadsworth that he had seen Stigwanisli, 
(or Seneca as he was commonly (-ailed) the same chief 
before mentione(l as the brother of " Big Son." and 
who was usually regarded as the head of all the ,SV'/(''- 
(7/.V in this section. Seuecasaid he wanted justice for 
both sides. He was not content to sec all the power 
of the whites used t3 inflict punishment of John Mo- 
hawk, while they were rt.s'/w/M'egarding the murder of 
an innocent Indian. He offered to deliver up Mohawk 
when the slayers of Nicksaw were secured. Referring 
to the fact, to which Carter and Campbell certified. 



54 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



that there was no evitlence of resistiiuccon the part of 
Nicksaw, Seueca said : 

•' White man may lie — ludiaii may lie — snow ean- 
not lie." 

He declared he did not want war, but did want jus- 
tice. The result of the whole excitemenL was that 
neither party obtained justice; Mohawk was not given 
up by the Indians and the murderers of Nicksaw were 
uot punished by the whites. 

The chief Stigwanish, or Seneca, was much re- 
spected by the whites. General Paine lauded him in 
extravagant terms as having the honesty of.Aristides, 
the dignity of a Rouuui senator and the benevolence 
of William Fenn. Unlike tiie average '• noble red 
man," he never asked for a gift, and when one was 
voluntarily made to him ho would always return it by 
another of equal value. The general also stated that 
he abjured all spirituous liquors, but was obliged to 
add that this abstinence was caused by his having, in a 
drunken fury, split ojien the head of his infant child 
with a tomahawk, while aiming a deadly blow at his 
squaw, on whose back the child was strajjjied. It is 
difficult, after learning this, to look with very intense 
admiration upon the general's hero. Stigwanish was 
killed in Holmes county in ISIG, by a white man who 
said that the chief had fired upon him; so we are left 
in doubt whether the Ijenevolentand senatorial Seneca 
had not relapsed iato his former habits. 

About this time a scheTue was set on foot to clear 
the Cuyahoga and Tuscarawas rivers of logs and other 
obstructions, so as to make them passable for large 
boats, and at the same time to construct a good wagon 
road over the j)ortage between the two streams ; thus 
forininga continuous communication for heavy freight 
between Lake Erie and the Ohio river. As was cus- 
tomary in those days, the legislature was called ou to 
authorize a lottery in order to raise tiie needed cash. 
It was rare indeed that any important public work 
was attempted in the forepart of the present century 
without a lottery being organized to provide tiie whole 
or a part of the funds. 

In this case the managers were authorized to issue 
twelve thousand tickets, at five dollars each; making a 
total of sixty-four thousand dollars. This was done, 
and in return they olfered one jjrize of five thousand 
dollars; two of two thousand five hundred each; five 
of one thousand each; ten of five hundred each; fifty 
of a hundred each; a hundred of fifty each, and three 
thousand four hundred of ten dollars each. This 
made the total amount of the prizes sixty-four thou- 
sand dollars; just the value of all the tickets. A 
deduction of twelve and a half per cent., however, was 
to be made from the various prizes, which, supposing 
that all the tickets were sold, would furnish eight 
tiiousand dollars with which to pay the expenses of 
the lottery, clear out the rivers and build the portage 
road. This docs not appear like a very liberal allow- 
ance, considering the amount likely to be swallowed 
up by the expenses of the lottery and the probability 
that many tickets would be left unsold; so that, aside 



from the moral qualities of the scheme, it does not 
impress one very favorably regarding the business 
shrewdness of our primeval financiers. 

Twelve commissioners were appointed by the legis- 
ature to conduct the enterprise, of whom six were 
from this county. These were Hon. Samuel Hunt- 
ington, judge of the supreme court (who, however, 
removed to Painosville the same year). Major Amos 
S|ialford, Hon. John Walworth, Major Lorenzo Car- 
ter, James Kingbury, Es(|., and Timothy Doan, Es(i. 
Hon. John Walworth, of Cleveland, was appointed 
general agent. Agents for the sale of tickets were 
also appointed in Zanesville, Steubenville, Albany, 
New York, Hartford aud Boston, who were autiiorized 
to pay prizes in those places — when they should be 
drawn. 

But, despite the list of civil and military notables 
concerned in the scheme, that time never came. It 
was found inij)ossible to sell more than a fourth of 
the tickets. The drawing was postponed from time 
to time in the hope of an increase oi funds, and even 
as late as 1811 was still expected to take place. Fi- 
nally, however, it was entirely given up and the 
money already paid in was returned, without interest, 
to the purchasers of tickets. Thus ended the first 
scheme of internal improvement connected with Cuy- 
ahoga county. 

On the second day of April in this year took jilaee 
the "draft" of the Land Conijiauy's laud west of the 
Cuyahoga; that is, the townships were distributed by 
lot among groups of owners, who thereupon received 
deeds from the trustees. The subdivision of the 
townships into lots by tlie owners was still to be made 
before tiie work of settlement could well commence. 

Although, as before stated. Judge Huntington re- 
moved to Painesville (now Lake county) this year, yet 
he was so thoroughly identified with the early history 
of Cuyahoga county as to make it eminently [iroper 
to noti<x3 the fact that in the autumn of 1807 he was 
elected governor of Ohio, in i)lace of Hon. Edward 
Tiffin, appointed United States senator. Mr. Tiffin 
was the first executive of the State, having been 
elected for a second term, and so it happened that the 
second governor of Ohio was a gentleman whose home 
for six years had been among the forests, the wolves 
and the log-cabins of Cuyahoga county. 

It must be added that Judge II. probably left 
Cleveland because he despaired of its future. Ague, 
ague, ague, was the cry of all who came to the mouth 
of the Cuyaluiga, and ten years after its settlement 
Cleveland had not probably over thirty inhabitants. 
This condition of the only port where there was a 
good harbor discouraged immigrants at the very 
threshold of- the county, and naturally retarded set- 
tlement in the back townships, though we cannot 
learn that these were any worse in regard to sickness 
than the rest of northern Ohio. 

Governor Huntington served one term as chief 
magistrate of the State. He afterwards resided on 
his farm near Painesville until his death. 



TnE PERIOD FROM ISOr TO 181-^. 



55 



Early in tlie spring of 1808 occurred anotlicr of the 
sad events so frci|iuuit in the early annals of the 
county. Stephen (Jilhor), one of the two first con- 
stables of the county Joseph IMunib, Adolphus Spaf- 

ford, (son of Major Amos) and (lillinore, started 

on a bateau from (!leveland on a fishing ex|>edition to 
tlie Maumee river. A colored \V(Uiiaii called Mary was 
also (in l)oai'd the boat as a passenger, intending to 
stop at Uiack river, where Major Nathan Perry was 
keojiing a trading-house, and where some goods lie- 
longing to him were to he put on shore. 

A Mr. White, of Newburg. and two sons of Joseph 
Plumb, who had expected to go on the boat but were 
too late, took the Indian trail to Black river, expecting 
to get on board there. In the western part of the 
present town of Dover, hearing cries of distress, they 
looked down to the foot of the bluff, and saw sixty 
feel beneath them the boat in which their friends had 
set sail, bottom side up, while near it was the elder 
Mr. Plumb, the sole survivor of tiie crew. He told 
them that the boat had capsized a mile from shore. 
The woman was drowned at OTice. All the others ex- 
cept Plumb were good swimmers and had struck out 
for shore, but tlie water was so cold that one after 
another their strength failed them and they sank to 
rise no more. Plumb, being unable to swim, got 
astride the boat and was thus driven ashore. He was 
seriously hurt, however, and was scarcely able to move, 
on account of his immersion in the extremely cold 
water of the lake. 

His friends hardly knew what to do, :is he could 
not climb up the almost perpendicular blutr and they 
coidd not get down to him. It was (piickly decided, 
however, that Mr. White and one of the young men 
should hasten on to Black river, some twelve miles 
distant, to obtain aid and ropes, while the other son 
remained to comfort his father. The latter was .so 
overcome with cold, and so discouraged liy the circum- 
stances in which he found himself, that the young man 
determined to reach him at all hazards. Climbing part- 
ly down the blutf he found an inuiwood sapling which 
grew out partly over the beach. Young Plumb 
crawled upon this to the outermost hushes, and the 
tough ironwo)d bent far down beneath his weight. 
Suspending himself by his hands to the lowest-i-each- 
jng l)ranches, the brave young man finally let go, 
dropping over twenty feet to the sandy bea(;li below, 
and fortunately escaping unhurt. He made his father 
as comfortable as jiossible, and together they aw;i,ited 
the coming of aid. 

Darkness came on and still no. relief ajipeared. At 
length, when the night was well advaiu'cd, shouts 
were heard and lights were seen on tlie blulf above. 
White and young Plund) had returned, accom|)anied 
by Major I'erry and t^iiintus F. Atkins, wh.i probaVily 
('omi)rised the whole male population at Black river 
at that time. They brought ropes and lanterns, but 
their t;usk was still one of considerable difficulty. 
The elder .Mr. Plumb weighed some two hundred 
and twenty pounds, and it was no easy task to raise 



him by sheer strength up that sixty-feet blulT. How- 
ever, one end of the rope was made fast to a tree, the 
other was let down to the men below, and fastened 
by young Plumb under his father's arms. The four 
men above then began to '"haul in," and ])y exerting 
their united strength finally landed the old gentleman 
at the top of the blulT ; ho and they being alike 
almost exhausted by the operation. The young man 
was then drawn up with comparative ease. 

Such wore the dangers from the turbulent lake and 
the rork bound coast that out of the eighteen deaths 
of residents of Olcveland, occurring during the twelve 
first years of the settlement, no less than eleven were 
by drowning. It will be seen that, notwithstanding 
the evil reputation of the locality as to health, there 
was not a very large pi-o|)ortion of deaths by disease. 
In fact the ague seldom killed; it only made people 
wish (hey were dead. 

In the spring of ISO'.l a commission was apjiointed 
by the State to select a location for the seat of justice 
of Onj'ahoga county. The only place besides Cleve- 
land which had serious claims to this honor wa.s 
Ncwljurg, which had as large a population as the 
former village, or larger, and was a much more healthy 
and thriving locality. However, the j'osition at the 
mouth of the Cuyahoga, with its possibilities of future 
greatness, carried the day in s|)ite of the ague, and 
Cleveland was duly selected. The time emjiloyed by 
the commissioners and the salary paid them are both 
shown by the following extract from the bill presented 
by one of the honorable commissioners, from Colum- 
biaiui county, which also gives a hint of the ortliog- 
rapliy often practiced among the otlicials of the day: 

'•'A Leven Days, Two Dollars \\cv day. Twenty-two 
dollars.'" 

In an accompanying letter to Abraham Tap[)en t he 
commissioner reijuested that he present the bill to the 
" Nixt Cort," by which he wouhl miu-li oblige '' vour 
hundjie Sarvent." 

In the sjjringof ISO'.l another citizen of Cuyahoga 
county was elevated to <listinguished honors. Hon. 
Stanley (iriswold. who had been secretary of the Ter- 
ritory of .Michigan under (iovernor Hall, had resigned 
that position and located himself at " Doan's Coi'ners,"' 
four miles east of Ch^velaiid village. He was a man 
of marked ability and when, in the forepart of ISO!). 
Mr. Tittin resigned his seat as United States s(!nator, 
(iovernor Huntington appointed Mr. (Jriswold to fill 
his place. 

In :i, letter written about this tim(> the new senator 
expressed the opinion that this would l)e a good loca- 
tion for a ])hysician; there being none in the county, 
and none of any eminence within fifty miles. Still, 
he .said, a doctor would have to keep school a ])art of 
the time in order to make a living, until there was a 
larger population. Senator (iriswold only .serve<l dur- 
ing the remainder of one session, l)ut it is somewhat 
remai-kable that Cuyahoga county should have fur- 
nished a State governor and a United Stales .senator 
before it possessed a doctor. 



56 



GENERAL HISTORY OE CUYAHOGA COtJNTY. 



The cont.riicfc for carrying tlie mail through a wide 
region was at this time lield by Joseph Burke, of 
Euclid, whose two sons were the mail carriers ; one of 
them having been the late Gains Burke of Nevvburg. 
The route was from Cleveland to Hudson, Ravenna, 
Deerfield, Warren, Mesopotamia, Windsor, Jefferson, 
Austinburg. Harpersfield, Painesville, and thence back 
to Cleveland. This was the only route any part of 
which was in Cuyahoga county, except the main line 
to the west along the lake shore, and Cleveland still 
possessed the only post-office in the county. 

Mr. Gains Burke, in a letter on tile among the ar- 
cliives of the Historical Society, says that the road 
was underbrushed most of the way, but there were no 
bridges, and streams and swamps were numerous. In 
the summer the two youngsters by turns carried the 
mail on horseback, but when wet weather came in 
the spring and fall they had to trudge on foot; the 
roads being too bad to be traveled on horseback, much 
less with a wagon. On reaching streams the carrier 
sometimes crossed in a canoe or on a raft, kept there 
for the accommodation of travelers. Sometimes he 
got astride a convenient piece of flood-wood and pad- 
dled obliquely to the opposite shore. And sometimes, 
in default of any of these resources, he waded the 
stream, or, if it was too deep for that, plunged boldly 
in and swam across, kee^jing his little bag of letters 
above his head as best lie might. The population 
was still extremely sparse; there being spaces five, ten 
or even fifteen miles in width without a single house. 

At Icngtii, in May, 1810, Cuyalioga county was 
duly organized by the a])i)ointnieut of the proper of- 
ficers, and began its independent existence. The first 
olficers were Hon. Benjamin Ruggles, presiding judge 
of the court of common pleas; Nathan Perry, Sr. , A. 
(lilbert and Timothy Doan, associate judges; .John 
Walworth, clerk; ami Smith S. Baldwin, sheiTlf. At 
this time Ilui'on Cf)unty, which was still unorganized, 
was attached to Cuyahoga county for judicial and 
legislative purposes, as was also a tract between the 
two counties, which apjiears to have been left outside 
of any eoniity boundaries. The first court was held 
at the newly erected store of Elias and llarvey Mur- 
ray, in Cleveland. One indictment was j)resented for 
petit larceny, several for selling whisky to Iiulians, 
and others for selling foreign goods without license. 

By the United States census of this year the popu- 
lation of the county was found to be one thousand 
four hundred and ninety-live, a considerable i)orti()n 
of whom, however, resided in ''Chagrin" or Wil- 
longhby, which has since been transferred to L:ike 
county. Tiie remainder of the settlers were in what 
is now Cleveland, East Cleveland, Euclid, Mayfield, 
Newburg, Indepeiidenco and Bi'ooklyn, with a very 
few in Middlcburg. 

It was not until 1810 that a jiliysician i)ecanie a 
permanent resident of Cuyalioga county; this was Dr. 
David Long, a native of Washington county. New 
York, who then settled at Cleveland, where he prac- 
ticed his profession throughout a long and useful life. 



Alfred Kelley, Esq., who was admitted to the bar 
and nuide prosecuting attorney of the district on the 
7th of November, 1810, at the age of twenty-one, was 
the first practicing lawyer in the county, Mr. Hunt- 
ington's time having been entirely occupied liy other 
duties. 

During this year the peojile became much excited 
by the rumors of Indian war from the West, where 
Teeumseh and his brother, "the Prophet," were en- 
deavoring to unite all the widely scattered tribes 
from the Gulf of Mexico to the great lakes in a 
leagueagainst the ever-encroaching Americans. War, 
too, was anticipated between the United States and 
Great Britain, and a decided feeling of uneasiness 
spread over the whole frontier. Although there were 
scattered settlements from Cuyahoga county west- 
ward along the lake shore to the Maumee, yet back 
from the lake nearly the whole country was still an 
unbroken forest or an uninhabited 2)rairie from the 
Cuyahoga river to the Pacific ocean, and there was 
nothing improbable in Teeumseh and his savage fol- 
lowers making a raid among the scattered inhabitants 
of Cuyahoga county. 

In 1811 the fears of the people were again aroused 
by an earthquake, which gave a pcrce|)tible .shock, and 
which was thought by many to portend some dire 
disaster. But ere long came the news of the battle of 
Tippecanoe, in which the warriors of the great league 
were totally defeateil by the American troops under 
General Harrison. Then, for a time, the peo^jle rested 
free from the fears of Indian invasion. 

By an act passed on the 35th day of January of this 
year, (1811,) the western boundary of the county, 
Avhich as defined l>y the act creating it was the same 
as the western boundary of the present townships 
of Strongsville, Middlcburg and Rockport, was car- 
ried from ten to fifteen miles farther west. Begin- 
ning at the southwest corner of the present township 
of Eaton, Lorain county, (township five, range six- 
teen,) the new line ran thence north to the north- 
west corner of that township; thence west to the 
middle of Black river, and thence down the center of 
that stream to the lake. The tract thus united to 
Cuyahoga county consisted of the present townships 
of Dover and 01 instead, which have ever since re- 
mained in it, and the townships of Avon, Ridgeville, 
Columbia and Eaton, and parts of Sheffield and 
P]lyria, now in Lorain county. 

Despite of Indian troubles, emigr;itioii was still flow- 
ing south and west, and in this year townshiji live, 
range twelve, now known as Brecksville, was sulidi- 
vided into lots ready for settlement. 

During the forepart of 181'3 the excitement on the 
frontier became intense; for it was known that tlie 
question of declaring war was being continuously de- 
bated in Congress, and no one knew at what moment 
its fury might be unchained. This locality was one 
of j)eciiliar danger; for not only were the Indians 
threatening massacre a short distance to the westward 
but the whole broadside of the county lay open to 




t:^.A^la^^c^ 



< 



I 



THE PEIilOl) FllOM 1807 TO 1813. 



57 



Tjako Erie, iuid on Lake Eric the Britisli had several 
armed vessels while the Americans had none. 

Tiie prevailing uneasiness was increased by the nuir- 
dcr of two wliite men by tlirce Indians in Huron 
county, ah.hougli the crime was committed solely to 
obtain the furs of the victims, and had no connection 
with any general hostile movement. The people of 
the vicinity, discovering the bones of the victims be- 
neath the ashes of their cabin, which the Indians had 
fired, turned out in jnirsnit and cajitured all three of 
the murderers, with the property of the murdered men 
ill their possession. One of them, a mere boy, was 
allowi'il til escape. Another, named Semo, after he 
was arrested ])laeed the muz/le of his gun uiuler his 
chin, pulled the trigger with his toe and instantly 
killed himself. The third was a young Indian who 
bad lived in the vicinity of Cleveland, and was com- 
monly called Omic, and sometimes as John Omic, to 
distinguish him from his father who was known as Old 
Omic. He was only about twenty-one years old, very 
hardy and athletic, and already well known for his 
vicious disposition; having several times committed 
offenses, some of which are related in the history of 
Cleveland city, in this work. 

Huron county being attached to Cuyahoga for judi- 
cial jiurposcs, Omic was brought hither for trial, and 
the subsecpicnt proceedings in his case are perhaps 
more clearly remembered by the few survivors of that 
period, and are more fully detailed in history, than any 
other events occurring hei-e during the first ([uarter of 
this century. There being neither court-house nor jail, 
the criminal was confined in Major Clarke's ball-room, 
in charge of the worthy major himself, who was duly 
de]>utized for the purpose. He had more iniluence 
with the Indians than any one else in the county, and 
it was dt)ul)tless thought there would be less danger 
of an onlbi-eak on their part if the culprit were under 
bis charge than otherwise. Strong irons were itlaced 
on Oniic's ankles and fastened by a chain to a joist. 

Mrs. Jliles, l)efore mentioned, tells of going to see 
him there, and talking with him. She had been well 
a<i|Uainted with him before he committed his crime, 
as indeed had ahnost every one in the vicinity. On 
the trial Alfred Ivelley, the ]3rosecuting attorney and 
the only lawyer in this county, appeared for the peo- 
ple, and I'eter Hitchcock was assigned as counsel for 
the |)risoner. The evidence of his guilt was clear, 
the jury l)rought in a verdict of guilty, and the court 
sentenceil Omic to lie hung on the 211th day of .luue, 
181-i. 

After his conviction the culprit talked with great 
iineoiKteru of the coming execution, lie declared 
that he would show the pale faces how an Indian 
could die. They need not tie his hands, lie would 
jump off the gallows when his time came without 
hesitation. Down to the hist there was more or less 
fear of rescue by the Indians, many of whom were 
always around (Mevoland. Old Omic, shortly before 
the execution, came into the house of Dr. hong on 
Water street, Cleveland, no one being Iheie except 



Mrs. Long and her infant child (now Mrs. Severance) 
who was sleeping in the cradle. The Indian picked 
up a gun which was standing in the room. Mrs. 
Long instantly imagined that he was about to kill 
her or the child, in revenge for the expected execution 
of his son. Snatching the babe from the cradle, she 
rail at full speed up Water street, screaming with all 
her might, while Omic, having laid down the gun, 
followed more slowly, trying to explain himself in 
broken English to the ])ani(!-strickeii wonnin. Mr. 
Samuel Williamson, who lived on Water street, took 
the child from Mrs. Long and went with her to 
Afajor Carter's, who was the great authority on all In- 
dian (|uestions. Omic came up and explained to the 
major, in [ndian, that he only picked up the gun to 
show Mrs. Long how Semo, the accomplice of John 
Omic, had killed himself after he was arrested. This 
was translated by Carter to Mrs. Long and the white 
men who had gathered around, and then, as Mrs. 
Long .said, they "all had a hearty laugh," though it 
is doubtful whether the young mother fully enjoyed 
the humor of the mistake. 

At length the day of execution arrived. People 
came from. far and near to witness the scene. Fear- 
ing a rescue, many brought their arms with them, 
besides which, a battalion of militia was ordered 
out under Major Samuel Jones. The major was 
a fine-looking man, in full uniform, with large 
gold epaulets and well-plumed cocked hat, but the 
management of a few companies of militia severely 
tasked his military skill. He drew them uj) in 
front of Carter's hotel, and Omic was brought forth 
and seated on his coffin, in a wagon painted black for 
the occasion. x\fter religious services, conducted by 
the Rev. Mr. Darrow, of Trumbull county, Major 
Jones undertook to surround the wagon and the 
officials which acGompanied it with his battalion, but 
was unable to accoin|)lish his object. After waiting 
a reasonable time, while the major galloped back and 
forth, shouting forth all sorts of orders but the right 
ones, Sheriff Baldwin moved forward with the pro- 
cession. Some one then suggested to (he major that 
he march his men by the right flank to the gallows, 
and double his line around it, which he accordingly 
did. 

Omic kept up his bravado almost to the last, and 
rode to the gallows, as Mrs. Miles says, keeping time 
to the music by drumming on his coffin. When they 
arrived at the place of execution, which was near (he 
northwest corner of the j)ublic S(|uarc, Sheritf Bald- 
win, Major Carter and Omic mounted the gallows. 
The cul|U'it's arms were loosely fastened together at 
the elbows, and a rope with a loop in it was put around 
his neck. From the top-piece above swung another 
rope, with an iron hook at the end, to which the first 
rope was fastened. Major Carter descended from the 
gallows and the sheriff drew the black caj) down over 
Omic's face. Then, at length, all the culprit's bravado 
deserted him. He Wius, said Hon. Elisha Whittlesey 
in a statement published by his nephew, Col. Whit- 



58 



GENERAL HISTORY OE CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



tlesey, the most frightened man, " rational or irra- 
tional," that he ever saw. He bent down his head, 
seized the rope with his loosely-pinioned right hand, 
stepped to the nearest post and threw his other arm 
around it. The sheriff approa(3licd, wlien Omic 
seized him and seemed likely to throw him from the 
gallows to the ground. 

Major Carter again went upon tlio gallows, and 
asked Omic in his native tongue to remember what 
he had said about showing tlie palefaces how an In- 
dian could die, l)ut witliout effect. At length, how- 
ever, the culprit said that if he could liave a big 
drink of whisky he would make no more trouble. 
Carter urged compliance and tlie sheriff assented. A 
large tumbler nearly full of " old Monongahela "' was 
soon produced. Omic took tlie glass and swallowed 
the liquor in an instant. He then declared he was 
ready for death. Carter came down, and the sheriff 
again drew the black cap over the face of the criminal. 
His former terrors immediately returned. Again 
he reached xip his hand and seized the rope, at the 
same time throwing his other arm around the post 
atid defying the efforts of the sheriff to detach him. 
He talked rapidly and incoherently in mingled Indian 
and broken English, declaring that he would return 
in two days and wreak vengeance on the palefaces. 
Once more the indefatigable Carter went up to act as 
interpreter and diplomatist. The sheriff does not 
seem to have had much nerve or he would have called 
assistance, wrapped the scoundrel with cords so tight- 
ly that ho could not move, and if necessary thrown 
him from the gallows. Another disgraceful alterca- 
tion ensued, and at length Omic gave Major Carter 
his "word of honor as an Indian" that if he could 
have one more glorious drink he would submit quiet- 
ly to his doom. Even to this the sheriff was weak 
enough to assent. This time, however, the tumbler 
was not given to the culprit but held to his mouth, 
and while he was drinking Sheriff Baldwin tightened 
the rope on his arms, and drew up the one above so 
that Omic could not go to the post. 

The platform was again cleared, but notwithstand- 
ing all the precautions Omic managed to slip the fin- 
gers of his right hand between the rope and his neck. 
The sheriff, however, did not wait for any farthei- 
parley but cut the rope which upliold the platform. 
The man fell the length of his rope, swung to and 
fro several times, and at length hung (piiet. 

Meanwhile a storm was seen coming up ra])idly from 
the northwest. It being doubted whether the crim- 
inal's neck was broken, the rope was drawn up and let 
suddenly down, when it broke and the body fell heavi- 
ly to the ground. The dark clouds swept ra])idly 
over the sky, and warning drops of rain began to fall. 
The body was hastily placed in the coffin, and as hasti- 
ly deposited in the grave which had been dug near 
the gallows. Even while this was being done the rain 
began to pour down in torrents and the crowd swiftly 
separated to seek for shelter; the militiamen not wait- 
ing to perform any more evolutions, and the gilt- 



edged officers harrying at the top of their speed to 
save their ornaments from untimely ruin. The flint-' 
lock muskets of the men were so wet that fifty In- 
dians with tomahawks could probably have captured 
the jilace. The red men, however, never manifested, 
so far as known, any disposition for revenge. 

Nearly all the physicians of the Reserve were 
present, detei'mined to obtain the body, if possible, for 
dissection. After dark several of them went to the 
S((uare, the sheriff conveniently closing his eyes, and 
took the body from the unfilled grave. Omic was 
quite fat and heavy, but T)r. Allen, of Trumbull 
county, volunteered to carry him alone. The body 
was accordingly placed on the doctor's back, but 
before he got out of the s<juare he stumbled against a 
stump and fell to the ground, with his ghastly burden 
on top of him. His companions smothered their 
laughter for fear of discovery, (it might not have 
been very pleasant to be discovered by any lingering 
Indians,) and assisted to carry the corpse to the place 
of dissection. It was reported among the citizens, at 
the time, that some of the physicians said they could 
easily have restored life after the body was on the 
dissection table, but this is extremely doubtful, con- 
sidering the hours that had elajtsed since the hanging. 
The bodv was duly dissected, and the skeleton long ^ 
remained in the possession of Dr. Long. ^ 

Two days later a swift riding expressman galloped 
into Cleveland, bearing the President's proclamation 
that on the 18th of June, 18 L3, war had been declared 
l)v the Congress of the United States against the 
kiuir i>f Great Britain. 



C! IT A P T E R XI. 

THE WAR OP 1812. 

A Qiiiet hut Anxious Beginnintr— News of HulPs Surrender— Great 
Excitements -Reported Approacli of Indians— General Alarm — l^ep- 
arations for Fight — The WaUth at Night— An .\iiproaching Vessel— 
" Who are you"— Prisoners of Hull's Army— A Militia Company- 
Copy of its Roll— Captain Gaylord's Riflemen— General Rally of tlie 
Militia— Colonel Cass— Obtaining Provisions and Forage— Generals 
Perkins and Beall— A Succession of Kugitives— Elisha Dibble- His 
Detachment of Scouts— The Battle of the Peninsula— Building a 
Court-House— Winter— Preparations in the Spring — Major Jessup — 
Governor Meigs— Captain .Sholes's Regulars— Fort Huntington- Ap- 
proach of the Bi'itish Fleet — A Calm— A Storm— A Foraging Party 
in Euclid— General Harrison— Attack on Kort Meigs— Appearance of 
Periy's Fleet— The Commander on Shore— Mrs. Stedman's Recollec- 
tions—Guns and Men of the Fleet— At work on the Court-Ho.:se— 
A Distant Round— "It's Perry's Guns"— Off to the Lake Shore- 
Listening—-' Hurrah for Perry '—News of Victory— General Exulta- 
tion-Harrison's Victory— Harrison an<l Perry at Cleveland— Disturb- 
ing News— Quiet through 1814— Incoriioration of Cleveland— Peace. 

For the first two months after the declaration of 
war there was not much more excitement than during 
the previous two mimths, when the people were only 
expecting it. The militia were fretpiently called out 
for drill, arms and munitions were issued, and many 
anxious eyes wore often turned toward the lake; for 
none could be sure but that at any moment a British 
armed vessel might approach off the coast, and land a 
force of invaders or a party of marauders. Man}' 



4 



THE WAR OF 1813. 



59 



ears listeued nervously, too, to every ''last tlial swrjit 
tlirougli the western forest, uneertain whether some 
ferocious hand of Indians might not make tlieir way 
past tlie American outposts, and enter on a crusade of 
cruelty among the people of the frontier. It w!i.s gen- 
erally helieved, however, that the forces gathering 
under (ieiieral Van Ilensselaer on the Niagara ,and 
under IJeneral Hull at Detroit, would soon take pos- 
session of the upper peninsula of Canada, opposite 
this county, and thus relieve -the people here of all 
farther anxiety in regard to danger from that ((uarter. 

Expressmen almost daily galloped hack and fortli 
along the lake shore; those from the west bearing 
news successively of the increase of Hull's army, of 
its advance into Canada, and then of its retreat to the 
American shore, where, however, it was believed to be 
am|)ly able to defeat any force which could be brought 
against it. But shortly after the IGth of August a 
messenger came dashing into Cleveland from the west, 
bearing the terrible news that on that day General 
Hull had surrendered his whole force to the British 
and their Indian allies, who might be expected at any 
moment to attack the defenceless inhabitants on the 
south shore of Lake Erie. Instantly all was excite- 
ment and anxiety. Expresses were sent out in vari- 
ous directions to notify the people, and also to Major 
(Jenei'al Wadsworth at Canfield, (now Mahoning 
counly.) to beg for the aid of the militia. 

Within twenty-four hours another mes,senger 
brcnigbt the news that the British and Indians were 
actually approaching ; their vessels had been seen 
near Huron ; nay, as near as he could learn, they had 
landed in that locality, and the massacre of the \)eo- 
ple had actiudly commenced. Then indeed there w; s 
dismay on every side. Many doubted the correctness 
of the information, but few desired to run the risk of 
proving its falsity. A large proportion of the peojjle 
of Cleveland set forth, in all haste, along the forest 
roads which led through Euclid and Xewburg to safer 
regions. The bolder men sent off their families, and 
themselves seized their arms, ready to do battle with 
the invading foe. Mrs. Walworth, Mrs. Dr. IjDiig 
and one or two other ladies, however, peremplorily 
refused to leave. If they could do nothing else 
they could nurse the wounded in case of battle, and 
at all hazards they would stay by their husbands. 

As the alarm spread through the county, it grew 
more intense with every mile of advance. The roads 
were soon crowded with ox-wagons and horse- wagons, 
with travelers on horseback and travelers on foot. 
Here could be seen a clumsy cart in which had been 
thrown a featlier-bed, two or three iron pots, all the 
crockery of the family, a side of bacon and a bag of 
corn meal; on top of which were a frightened matron 
and half a dozen tow-headed children, while the 
father of the family applied his long "gad" witli 
unllinching energy to the backs of the lumbering 
cattle, which were moving altogether too slowly to suit 
so dcsi)crate an emergency. Swiftly passing there 
woidd be seen a woman on horseback, wilh one child 



before and another behind, while scores of men, wo- 
men and children, blessed with neither horses nor 
oxen, were trudging wearily on foot, trembling every 
moment lest the dread war-whoops of the savages 
should be heard in their rear. In the midst of all 
these, however, were to be seen some bravo men, with 
muskets and rilles on their shoulders, hastening 
rajjidily to Cleveland to aid in repelling the foe. 

These, united with tlie little squad of Clevelanders, 
nuide up in the course of the day a company of 
thirty or forty men. As night catue on, they posted 
sentinels along the water's edge, and then lay down 
with their clothes on in the nearest deserted dwell- 
ings, to await the result. Hour after hour passed, and 
naught occurred to renew the alarm of the day. But 
soon after midnight the sentinels tpiietly gave warn- 
ing to their comrades. The latter sprang up, ad- 
justed their powder-horns and bullet-pouches, ex- 
amined the locks of their weapons, and hastened 
silently to the mouth of the river. Sure enough; 
through the darkness of the night the white sails and 
black hull of a vessel could be seen approaching from 
the west, and shaping her course toward the usual 
landing-place. 

There were few vessels on the lake then and these 
had mostly been taken for hostile i)urposos, so the ap- 
proach of a ship from the west at that hour of the 
night looked sutHciently suspicious, and the sceptics 
began to think there might be something serious 
ahead. A Hue of determined men was formed a short 
distance from the landing place, and thirty old fire- 
locks were cocked as the vessel came steadily onward. 

" Hello," cried a sentinel, in unmilitary but con- 
venient formula, " who are you!-'"" 

"An American vessel," was the reply, " with pa- 
roled prisoners of Hull's army." 

The little company gave vent to their intense relief 
by a general shout, then " broke ranks" without wait- 
ing for orders, and were soon fraterniziug with the 
newcomers, and joining them in cursing (Jeneral Hull 
with the utmost good will. Many of the paroled men 
were wnuuded, and Murray's store was turned into a 
hospital. 

A company of militia was speedily called out from 
what now constitutes the city of Cleveland, and the 
towns of East Cleveland, Euclid, Newburg and per- 
haps some others. A copy of the company-roll, ob- 
tained from Washington, is on file among the records 
of the Western Reserve Historical Society, and we 
transcribe it here. 

Captain, Harvey .Murray: lieutenant, Lewis Dille; 
ensign, Alfred Kelley; sergeants, Ebenezer Green, 
Simeon Moss, Thomas Hamilton, Seth Doan; corpor- 
als, .James Root, John Lauternuui, Asa Dille, Martin 
a. Shelhouse; drummer, David S. Tyler; Dfer, Ro- 
doll)hus Carlton; privates, Aretus Burk, Allen Burk, 
Charles Brandon, John Bishop, Moses Bradley, Silas 
Burk, Sylvester Heaelier, James S. Bills, John Carl- 
ton, Mason Clark, Anthony Doyle, Luther Dille, 
Samuel Dille, Samuel Dodge, Moses Eldred, Samuel 



60 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Evarts, Ebeuezer Fish, Zebulon R. S. Freeman, Rob- 
ert Harberson, Daniel S. Judd, Jackson James, John 
James, Stephen King, Guy Lee, Jacob Mingns, 
Thomas McHrath, William McCoukey, Samuel Noyes, 
David Reed, John Sweeney, Parker Shadrick, Lutlier 
Sterns, Bazaleel Thorp, John Taylor, Thomas Thom- 
as, Uartman Van Duzen, Jose]>h Williams, Matthew 
Williamson, John Wrightman, William Wiiite, Jo- 
seph Burk, Robert Prentice, Benjamin Ogden. 

These went into service on the 23d of August, 
1812, and remained in service until the 14th of De- 
cember of the same year. They do not, however, ap- 
pear to have been very closely confined to their mili- 
tary duties; for at tiie time the roll in (juestion was 
made out not less than twenty-two out of the fifty- 
six officers and men were marked " absent on f'ui- 
lough," besides eight absent sick. 

Another company, raised principally at Newbiirg 
and vicinity, and composed of rillemen, was com- 
nuinded by Captain Alleu Gaylord of that town, luit 
the roll has not been preserved. 

Although the first great alarm had proved un- 
founded, yet there was no knowing when an invasion 
might occur either by lake or land, and the efforts to 
put the country in readiness for such an event were 
strenuously continued. General Wadsworth, after 
ordering all tlie militia of his division into the field, 
started from Canfield on the 23d day of August, with 
a company of horsemen as escort. Passing through 
Hudson, Bedford and Newburg, and endeavoring to 
allay the apprehensions of the hundreds of frightened 
people whom he met, he rode into Cleveland with his 
horsemen al)outfour o'clock in the afternoon of tiie 
2-4th; to the great joy of the few men assembled 
there. Other militia soon followed, and so far as 
numbers were concerned there were enough to con- 
front the whole British army on the frontier. 

Benjamin Tappen and Elisiia Whittlesey, botii 
subseijuently very distinguished men in the councils 
of the nation, were General Wadsworth's aids. The 
same evening that the detachment Just mentioned 
arrived at Cleveland, Colonel Lewis Cass, afterwards 
General Cass, the celebrated statesman, came to tiie 
same point from Detroit. Having been in command 
of a regiment under Hull, he was bitterly indignant 
at the surrender, and never failed to denounce the 
cowardly general in the most virulent terms, lie 
was on his way to Washington on military business, 
and was accompanied from Cleveland by ex-Governor 
Huntington, of Painesville, who had hastened to liis 
former home at the first note of danger. 

The last named gentleman bore a letter from 
General Wadsworth to the war department, in wiiich 
he stated that he had called out three thousand men, 
but that they were largely destitute of arms, ammuni- 
tion and eipiipments, and that it would even be 
difficut to feed theni. He urged the dej)artment to 
give him aid, but did not wait for it to come. He 
appointed tliree commissioners of supplies, to pur- 
cha.se provisions and forage from the people, wlio. 



trusting in the good faith of the government, sold as 
cheaply as for coin. The commissioners gave cer- 
tificates stating the <|naiitity and value of the article 
furnished, and promising to pay for it when the 
government should remit the necessary funds. 

Many of the frightened people had gone east, 
abandoning their crojis on the ground or in barns. 
T'hese were taken by tlie commissioners, apjiraised, 
and tiie owners creilited with the value. Fatigue 
parties of soldiers harvested the crops and hauled them 
to camp, and the owners were afterwards remunerated 
for them. 

On the 20th of August Brigadier (ieneral Simon 
Perkins arrived at Cleveland with a large body of 
militia. General Wadsworth sent him forward to 
Ilinoii with a thousand men, to build block-houses 
and protect the inhabitants. General Reazin Beall 
was soon after sent westward with another body 
of troops on a similar errand. General Wadsworth 
soon received dispatches from Washington, emlorsiug 
iiis course, urging vigorous action and promising sup- 
port. The major general himself soon went westward 
witii nearly all tiie rest of his men; being first under 
command of General Winchester, and afterwards of 
the hero of Tij)pecanoe, General William II. Harrison. 

The same circumstance was noticeable here as at 
other points on the frontier, and at other times as 
well as at this one; nearly all the inhabitants for a 
long distance back from the scene of trouble thought 
they must move, but were apparently satisfied by tiie 
act of moving. Thus, while some of the people of 
Cuyalioga county lied twenty, thirty or forty miles 
eastward, tliey found tiiere homes abandoned by those 
who had gone still farther on. These they could, and 
often did, occupy: feeling themselves safe in the same 
}ilaces from which others had fled in terror. In like 
manner, people coming from Huron and be3'ond 
thought they liad fled far enough when they readied 
the mouth of tlie Cuyahoga, and made themselves at 
home in localities only a few days before abandoned 
by tlie previous residents. 

Among those who thus came from the west was 
Elisha Dibble, father of Cajitain Lewis Dibble, of 
Cleveland, who brougli this wife and eight ciiildren; 
together with another family, in a boat, to Cleveland, 
shortly after Hull's surrender. His former location 
had indeed been one of great danger, being on the 
River Raisin, near the present city of Monroe, Mich- 
igan, and not far from the scene of the celebrated 
"massacre of the River Raisin," which took place the 
same autumn. On reaching Cleveland he concluded 
he had gone far enough, and located himself in the 
house of Rudolphus Edwards, near the jiresent corner 
of Woodland avenue and Woodland Hills avenue. 
Being a stirring, energetic man, he determined to 
raise a detachment of mounted rangers, or scouts, for 
service against the enemy, and soon accomiilished his 
object; the men being from all i)arts of the county, and 
some of them being doubtless, like himself, fugitives 
from western homes. Captain Dibble marched with 




<JXu/ is A^^s^UrdLt 



I 



1 



THK WAR OF 1812. 



61 



liis compauy to Huron and other endangered localities. 
He received the thunlcs of iiis coiinnander in writing 
f(ii- iiis efficient servicjc, hut contracted a sickness 
which C()in[>eilcd ills return home, wliere lie died the 
next year. 

After (iencral Harrison took coniinand in tlie 
Niii'tliwest. (ienoral Perkins was placed in coinnuuul 
111' live hundred men and stationed near tlie mouth of 
the Union, remaining there nearly two months. 
\\ liilc there a conflict took jilace hetween a detach- 
MHiit of General Perkins' men and a force of Britisli 
Mild Indians, who had made tlieir way tiiat far east, 
eil her on scouting duty or in search of plunder. This 
is known in local annals as " the haltle of the Penin- 
siihi." A [lortion of tlic Cuyahoga county men were 
engaged in it, and the roll of Captain Murray's com- 
jiany sliows that one of his men, James S. Kills, was 
killed in the conflict, and that two others, John Carl- 
loii and Moses Eldred, were wounded there. 

[luring the season Mr. Samuel Dodge was eiig.iged 
in liuilding vessels for the government, holh in the 
tUiyahoga and at Erie, Pennsylvania. 

Notwithstanding all Uie din of war, the alTairs of 
peace were not entirely neglected. In the fall or Lite 
in the summer of 1812 the county commissioners, 
Messrs. AV^right, Ruggles and Miles, made a contract 
with Mr. Levi Johnson, a young carpenter of Cleve- 
land, to huild a court-iiouse on the northwest corner 
of the puhiic s(pnire. It was to be of wood, two stories 
liigh, and to consist of a jail and jailer's residence in 
the lower story, and a court-room in the ujiper one. 
Mr. Jolmson immediately began obtaining the timber, 
hut the building was not raised till the next year. 

As winter ap[)roached, the war-excitement subsided. 
Both armies went into winter-ipiartcrs, most of tlie 
militia was dismissed in Uecember, and only a small 
guard was nniintained at Cleveland. 

Ill the spring of 1813 active invparatioiis for iios- 
tilities were again made on both sides of tin; frontier, 
and Cleveland again became a depot of sujiplies, and 
to some extent a remle/.vous for troop.s. Major 
Thomas S. Jessup, (jf the regular army, afterwards 
highly distinguished as (Jeneial Jessup, was placed in 
command, though at first he hail only a few compa- 
nies of militia under hisciuirge. Later Hon. Return 
J. Meigs, governor of Ohio, came to inspect the 
l)re])arations nniking for war. 

On the lOth of May, while the latter was still 
there, a company of regular soldiers marched into 
town under the command of Captain Stanton Slides. 
These were the tirst and about the only regular 
troops stationed in Cuyahoga county during the war. 
They were met by (Joveriior Meigs, anil warmly wel- 
comed by him as well as by the citizens of the place. 
There were a number of sick and wounded soldiers 
there, with very poor accommodations, some of whom 
had been there since the time of Hull's surrender. 
Captain Slioles immediately set some carpenters be- 
longing to his company at work, and in a short time 
they erected a neat, framed hospital, about twenty feet 



by thirty, though without the use of a nail, a screw, 
or any iron article whatever; the whole being held 
together by wooden jiins. It was covered with a 
water-tight roof and floored with chestnut bark. To 
this the invalids were speedily removed, to the very 
great iiujirovement of their comfort. 

Then all the men of the comjiauy were set at work 
building a small stockade, about fifty yards from the 
bank of the lake, near the jiresent Seneca street. Cut- 
ting down a large number of trees twelve to fifteen 
inches in diameter, they cut off logs some twelve feet 
long each. These were sunk in the ground three or 
four feet, leaving the remaining distance above the 
surface. The sides of the logs adjoining each other 
were hewed down for a few inches, so as to tit solidly 
together. TJiis made a wall impervious to small 
arms, and the dirt was heaped up against the outside 
so as somewhat to deaden the effect of cannon balls. 
Next a large number of trees and brush were cut 
down, and tiie logs and brush }iiled together near the 
brink of the lake; forming a long aliatis, very diffi- 
cult to climb over, and which would have exjiosed 
any assailing party who attemiited to surmount it to 
a very destructive fire from the fort while doing so. 
The post was named Fort lluiitiiigton, in honor of 
the ex-governor. 

Meanwhile vessels were building in tlie Cuyahoga, 
and a large amount of public stores accumulating on 
the banks. Scarcely had Captain Sholes got his little 
fortress in good condition when, on the l!)tli of 
June, the British fleet, consisting of the "Queen (!har- 
lotte " and '"Lady Provost," with some smaller ves- 
sels, appeared off the coast and a|)proached the mouth 
of the river with the apparent intention of landing. 
Major Jessup had left, but expresses were sent out to 
rally the militia, and as soon as possible every man in 
the vicinity was hastening with musket on his shoul- 
der toward the endangered locality. 

When the fleet had arrived within a mile and a half 
of the harbor the wind sank to a perfect calm, and 
the vessels were compelleil to lie there until afternoon. 
Meanwhile the little band of regulars made every 
[U'cparation they could to defenil their post, and a 
considerable body of militia was arrayed near by. 
There was a small piece of artillery in the village, but 
it was entirely unprovided with a carriage. .Iiidge 
James Kingsijury, at that time a paymaster in the 
army, as we are informed i)y his daughter, Mrs. Sted- 
man, then eight years old, took the hind wlu'cls of a 
heavy wagon, mounted the little cannon on them, 
after a fashion, and placed it in position to pour its 
volleys into the enemy's ranks if he slioukl attc^mpt 
to land. The vessels in the Cuyahoga and (lie public 
stores were all, as far as possible, moved to " Wal- 
worth point," some two miles up the river. 

At length the calm ceased, but the succeetling 
weather was no more propitious to the would-be in- 
vaders. A terrific thunder-storm spratig iij) in the 
west and swept furiously down the lake, and the 
little fleet was soon driven before it far to tlie Ciust- 



62 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY^ 



ward; relieving the Clevelauders of all fear of an at- 
tack, at least for tliat day. 

When the storm abated, the fleet lay to, ojiposiio 
Euclid creek, in the town of that name, where a 
boat's crew went asliore. Tliey killed an ox there, 
cut it up hide and all, and took it ofE to their com- 
rades on shi[>board. Witii more courtesy than could 
have been expected, however, they left a golden 
guinea in a cleft stick at the place of slaughter, with 
a note ai)ologizing be( ause in their Iiaste they had to 
spoil the hide, and adding that if it liad not been for 
the thunder shower they would Juive eaten their beef 
in Cleveland. Eitlier the commander thought that 
during tlie delay too large a force for them to meet 
had assembled, or else their presence was required 
elsewhere; at ,dl events they sailed ofP down the lake, 
and their vessels never again appeared on the siiore of 
Cuyahoga county except as the captured spoils of the 
gallant Perry and his comrades. 

About the middle of July, General W. H. Harrison, 
commander-in-chief of the Northwestern army, and 
the only general who had gained any fame as a sol- 
dier on this frontier, came to Cleveland on a tour of 
ins2)ection, accompanied by his statf officers, Governor 
Huntington, Major George Tod (father of the late 
David Tod), Major T. 8. Jessnp, and the gallant 
Colonel Wood, afterwards killed at Fort Erie. The 
general was cordially welcomed, and many came from 
the townships in the vicinity to sec and to show their 
respect to the hero of Tippecanoe, who it was hoped 
would redeem the tarnished fame of the American 
arms in the Northwest. After a tlirec-days' stay, 
spent in careful examination of the juiblic stores and 
means of defense, the general returned to his army, 
at the mouth of the Maumee. 

Immediately afterwards there was another alarm 
spread along the lake shore, when a force of British 
and Indians attacked Fort Meigs, on the site of the 
city of Fremont. Some again packed up their house- 
hold goods for flight, but as a rule the people had by 
this time become pretty well seasoned to rumors of 
war, and they generally waited for farther advices. 

Two entire di\ isioiis of militia, residing southward 
and southeastward I'rom Fort Meigs, were ordered out 
by the governor, but tiiose on the lake shore were 
rigiitly considered as having enougii to do to defend 
tlieir own localities, and were not required to take the 
licld at that time. The gallant Major Croghan with 
his little band successfully defended the fort, and 
compelled the withdrawal of the enemy before any of 
Governor Meigs' levies arrived; and again, for a while, 
t!)ere was a period of comparative quiet. 

But the British fleet was still mistress of the lake; 
no movement against Canada was likely to be success- 
ful until Ihat fleet could be overcome, and no one 
knew at what moment an invading force migiit be 
landed at any point on our long and feebly defended 
frontier. All eyes were anxiously directed toward the 
harbor of Erie, where a young lieutenant of twenty- 
six, called commodore by courtesy, was straining every 



nerve to equip his little fleet, get out to sea, and settle 
by actual combat the question whether the stars and 
stripes or the red cross of St. George should float vic- 
torious over Lake Erie. 

At length, on the 5th day of August, Perry took 
his fleet out of tiie harbor and immediately sailed in 
search of the foe. In a few days he passed up the 
lake, feeling sure that he would soon bring the enemy 
to battle. The fleet lay to off the mouth of the Cuya- 
hoga to get supplies, and the youthful commodore came 
ashore. Little Diana Kingsbury was in the village at 
the time with her father, and the venerable Mrs. Sted- 
man still retains a vivid recollection of the tall, slender, 
erect young man, in the glittering uniform of the 
United States navy, with noble bearing and hand- 
some, radiant face, on whom more than on any other 
man, at that moment, rested the fortunes and honor 
of America in the Northwest. 

The ol)ject of the brief delay having been accom- 
])lished, the commander returned to his flag-ship, the 
fleet spread its sails to the favoring breeze and stood 
away to the westward in gallant array. There were the 
"Lawrence," the commodore's flag-ship, with twenty 
guns; the " Niagara," with twenty guns, under Lieu- 
tenant F^lliott; the "Caledonia," with thi'eo guns, 
under Lieutenant Turner; the "Ariel," with four 
guns, under Lieutenant Pickett; the "Scorpion," 
with two guns, under Lieutenant Champlin; the 
"Somers," with four guns, under Sailing-master 
Honry; the " Porcuiiine," with one gun, under Mid- 
slii[iman Senat; the "Tigress," with one gun, under 
Midshipman Conklin; the " Trippc," with one gun, 
under Midshipman Holdup. In long procession they 
swept past the shores of Brooklyn, Rockj)ort an<l 
Dover, and sailed away in search of the foe, followed 
by the hopes and prayers of all the people for the 
ardent commander and his gallant crew. 

Inter anna Icf/rx silvnl, says the old Roman prov- 
erb; that is, amid the clang of arms the laws are pow- 
erless. But for all that the Cuyahoga jieople did not 
stoj) building a court-house because war was going on 
around them. On the 10th of Sej)tember, 1S13, 
Levi Johnson and some of his hired men were busy 
l)utting the flnishing work on the rude temple of jus- 
tice which he had contracted to build a year before. 
Some of them heard a noise in the distant west, which 
was at first sujjiiosed to be thunder. Looking uj), 
however, they were surprised to sec no clouds as far 
as the eye could reach in every direct inn. Tiie soumls 
continued. Suddenly Johnson exclaiined: 

" It's Perry's gnus; he's fighting with the British." 

In a moment all the workmen by common consent 
threw (biwn their hammers and nails, scrambled to 
the ground ami hurried to the lake shore with (heir 
cmiiloyei' at (heir head. In a shoi't time all the men 
(if (he village, wi(h many of the women anil children, 
were gathertid on the beach, listening to the sounds 
of battle. The scene of conflict was seventy miles dis- 
tant, but the wind was favorable and the listeners 
could not only plainly hear the roll of the broadsides, 



FROM TlIK WAR TO THE CANAL. 



03 



but., wlicn the lire slackened from time to time, could 
disliiigiiisli beiween the heavier and the lighter guns. 

At length there was only a dro])ping fire; one fleet 
hail evidently succnnil)ed to the other. Finally 
heaw shots were heard, and then all was silent. 

" I'erry has the heaviest guns," exclaimed John- 
son; " those are Perry's shots — he has won the day — 
three eliecrs for IVrryl" 

'• lii|i, hill, hurrah!" 2'i'"'nrfb' resjionded the 
criiwil, willing to believe the assertion, liut yet sepa- 
rating with anxious hearts, uncertain what miglil be 
the result. In fact, the English had sonic as heavy 
guns as the Americans, but not so many of that class. 

Not only in Cleveland but all along the lake shore, 
among the scattered inhabitants of Dover, Uockport, 
15rooklyn and Euclid, the sounds of battle were heard; 
the i)eople soon divined that it was not thunder, and 
listened with mingled dread and hope to the deatii- 
notes from the west. Nay, even as far cast as Eric, 
Pennsylvania, a hundred and sixty miles from the 
scene, the sounds of the conflict were heard, but mere- 
ly as a low rumbling, which was sujiposcd to be dis- 
tant thunder. 

Soon the welcome news of victory was borne along 
the shore, and the people could freely give way to 
their exullation. It was not merely joy over the 
great motional triumph which gladdened their hearts, 
though this was deeply felt, but also the knowledge 
that, with Lake Erie in the possession of the Ameri- 
cans, their homes, their wives and their children were 
safe from British invasion and Indian foray. 

'I'he victory of Harrison over Proctor on the 
Thames, accompanied by the death of Tccumseh, 
followed on the 5th of Occolier, 1813; making the 
assurance of safety doubly sure on the part of the 
inhabitants of this frontier. The army of Harrison, or 
such ])art of it as was not discharged, soon after went 
down to the shores of LaJ^e Ontario, and the tide of war 
drifted away from all this region. General Harrison 
and Commodore Perry went down the sout h shore of 
Lake Erie to Buffalo, stojiping at Cleveland, where 
thev were entertained with a banquet, while .Iiidge 
Kingsliury brought about the assenddage of a sjiecial 
meeting of Masons in their honor, at his farm on the 
ridg.'. ' 

The lake was open to a late period that, year, and 
on the '-ilst of J)eceml)er the peo))lc along the shore 
saw the gallant Lawrence sailing down on its way to 
Erie, where it became a hospital-ship; being followed 
slowly by the captured British vessels, Detroit and 
(^iieen Charlotte. 

< )n New Year's Day, 1814, the residents of Cuyahoga 
county were siiocked and slailled to learn that, two 
days before, the 15ritish and Indians had eaiitiired 
and burned tiie village of Buffalo, having previously 
captured Fort Niagara and devastated the whole 
Niagara frontier. h'or a short time some of the 
inhabitants were alarmed lest the foes they had so 
long looked for from tin' west should come up t he 
shore of the lake from the northeast. But the 



invasion was only temporary, and during the suc- 
ceeding campaign llie tide of war ebbed and flowed 
between [jake Erie ami Lake Ontario, entirely on 
Canadian soil, wiiile iKirthern Ohio and the Territory 
of jMieliigan were alike blessed with jirofound peace. 
The only event worthy of mention, occurring in the 
county during the year, was of a civil nature; the 
incorporation of the village of Cleveland on the 33d 
of December, ISM. 

But though the iminediale jiressure of war was 
lifted from this region, yet, its existence cheeked 
])rogress and slopped immigration, and it was with 
great delight that in the latter part of .January, LS15, 
the people heard that peace had been made between 
the United States and threat Britain by means of the 
treaty of (xbent. 



C II A V T E R X 1 I. 

FROM THE WAR TO THE CANAL 

Rapiil Development— Previous Unfavorable (,'ircunistances— Settlement 
of Various Townships— Slow Ciiowth of Cleveland- First Bank— Plan- 
ning the Canal- .\ Ouyahoga Man's Idea— The First Nelfspaper A 
Siirpiising Phenomenon The "Walk-in-thc-Water"— Improvement 
under Diffieulties— Articles of Lake Commerce— Names of Lake Ves- 
sels—Pennsylvania Wagons— A Fast Man of Yore— The Cleveland Her- 
ald General Tiainiiigs— Wolves and Bears The Hinkley Hunt— The 
Gathering -The Officers— The Skirmish Line The Advance -The Fhvst 
Bear- Slaughter of the Deer-Closing up- Furious Fun— The Last 
Syuare Mile— "A Wolf! A Wolf!"— Slaying the Marauders— The 
Grand Finale— Number of the Victims— A Line of Stage Coaches- 
Stage Coacning E.^cperience— " Going on Foot and Cairying a Kail "— 
Increasing Commerce— Legislative Action on the Canal— Alfred Kelley 
a Commissioner— Prices of Farm Produce— Fondness for Whisky— 
Tne Militia again— Capital Scarce— Various Small Industries— Forma- 
tion of Lorain County— Its Organization— The Southwestera Turupike 
—The Medical Society— The Election of ISil— The Kinsman Road— A 
Mild Winter -Law authorizing the Canal. 

The period of fifteen years succeeding the war of 
1813 was one of rapid development of the agricultural 
portion of the county. Previous to 1815 settlement 
had been very slow. At first . people were deterred by 
the unfavorable reiiutatioii of the region in regard to 
sickness. Rumors of Indian war also checked immi- 
gration, and the war of ishi eoin]iletely stopped it. 
But with the close of that wai-, the certainty that the 
Indians were eoiiiiiletely siilidiied and the improving 
condition of the county in regard to health, the peo- 
ple poureil in. in numbers increased by the previous 
restraint. Hitherto the settlements had nearly all 
been along the lake shore, but now the hardy jnoncers 
hastened into all the t(.wnsliips of the county in rapid 
suecession. even to its soulJiernmost border. 

Nearly or i|uili' half of the present eixil townships 
of Cuyahoga county were both settled and organized 
between the beginning of 1815 and the end of 1835. 
in nearly every township, not ]iieviously occupied, 
setllemenis were begun wiihiii live years after the 
i-lose of Iheuar. The present township of Chagrin 
l<'alls was sell led. though (Uily by a single resident, in 
1S15. (Iliiislead and Kockport were both settled in 
the same year, lioekporl was organized in 1819. 



64 



GENERAL HISTORY OE CUYAHOGA COITKTY. 



iStrongsville was settled in 1816 and organized in 1818. 
The first pioneers located in Orange in 1815 or '16, 
and an organization was effected in 1820. Solon was 
settled in the latter year. Bedford was settled in 
1813, and Warrensville in 1810. Brecksville liad first 
been occupied in 1810 and Independence about the 
same time. Middlebnrg was also settled before the 
war. The pioneers of all these townships, as well as 
those pi-eviously settled in the county, were principal- 
ly from New England or New York, though occasion- 
ally a sturdy Penjisylvania German made his way from 
that State, and entered into competition with the keen- 
eyed Yankees. Huron county was organized in 181.5; 
leaving Cuyahoga unencumbered with outside tempo- 
rary territory, but still extending to Black river. 

Everywhere the axe was heard resounding amid the 
grand old forest-trees, the smoke from numerous log 
cabins was seen rising aliove their to])s, and the deer, 
the bears and the wolves were rapidly driven back be- 
fore the rifles of the advancing pioneers. The stories 
of tlie various localities are told in the township histo- 
ries, l)ut the general result was that Cuyahoga county 
sj)eedily emerged from the wilderness condition wliich 
had previously characterized the principal part of its 
ai-ea, and entered on a career of i)rosperity which has 
only seldom been checked from that time to this. 

The village of Cleveland, however, showed but a 
slight exjjansion for ten years after the war. The 
first bank in the county, the Commercial Bank of 
Lake Erie, was organized there in 1816, but it did a 
very modest business indeed, and ere long became de- 
funct. In 1817, N. H. Merwin built the schooner 
"Minerva," tiie first vessel registered at Washington 
from the district of Cuyahoga, under the United 
States revenue laws; this being one of the first opera- 
tions in the great business of vessel building, which 
has since grown to such large propoi'tions. 

Meanwhile far-sighted men were looking forward 
to the estalilisimient of a great city at the moiitii of 
the Cuyahoga, and planning the opening of a great 
highway of commerce between Lake Erie and the 
Ohio river, with one of its termini at the point just 
mentioned. New York had already begun to build the 
Erie canal, and public opinion in Ohio was turning 
toward a similar work. The first resohuion looking 
to the construction of a canal from Lake Erie to the 
Ohio was introduced into the legislature in 1817, 
thougii the work in question was not begun until 
1 825. 

We may note in passing, as indicative of the 
thorough identification of Cuyahoga county with the 
most liberal ideas of modern progress, that in 1818 
Hon. Alfred Kelley, then a representative from that 
county, introduced into the lower house of the legis- 
lature a bill to abolish imprisonment for debt, which 
is said to have been the first movement of that kind 
made in any legislative body in either this country or 
Europe. Tiie bill did not at that time become a law, 
but it exerted a great influence in calling public at- 
tention to that subject, and ere many j-ears had 



passed imprisonment for debt was wiped from the 
statute-books of all the States of the Union. 

On the 31st of July, 1818, the first newspaper was 
issued in the county; being called the Cleveland Ga- 
zetfc and Commercial Register. It was intended to 
be a weekly sheet, but sometimes ten, twelve or four- 
teen days elapsed between its issues. 

But a newspaper, although rightly considered an 
important institution, was something which everv- 
body had seen before; on the first day of Se])teniber 
of the same year an entire novelty — the like of which 
not one in five hundred of the inhabitants had ever 
before seen — presented itself before the jieople of 
Cuyahoga county. On the day named the residents 
along the lake shore of Euclid saw upon the lake a 
curious kind of a vessel, making what was then con- 
sidered very rapid progress westward, without the aid 
of sails, while from a pipe near its middle rolled forth 
a dark cloud of smoke, which trailed its gloomy 
length far into the rear of the swift-gliding, mysterious 
traveler over the deep. They watched its westward 
course until it turned its prow toward the harbor of 
Cleveland, and then returned to their labors. Many 
of them doubtless knew what it was, Init some shook 
their heads in sad surmise as to whether some evil 
powers were not at work in producing such a strange 
jihenomenon as that, on the bosom of their beloved 
Lake Erie. 

Meanwhile the citizens of Cleveland perceived the 
approaching monster, and hastened to the lake slmre 
to examine it. 

"What is it?" "What is it?" Where did it 
come from ? What makes it go ? queried one and 
another of the excited throng. 

" It's the steamboat, that's what it is ;" cried others 
in reply. 

" Yes. yes, it's the steamljoat; it's the stoanil>oa(," 
was the general shout, and with ringing cheers the 
jjcople welcomed the first vessel propelled by steam 
which had ever traversed the waters of Lake Erie. 
The keel had been laid at Black Rock, near Butt'alo, 
in November, 1817, and the vessel had been built 
during the spring and summer of 1818. It had re- 
ceived the luime of " Walk-in-the- Water," from a 
Wyandot chieftain who was formei'ly known by tliat 
appt^llation ; which was also extremely appropriate as 
applied to a vessel which did indeed walk in the water 
like a thing of life. 

This harbinger of the numerous steam-leviathans 
of the upper lakes, and of the immense commerce 
carried on by them, was of three hundred tons burden, 
and could carry a hundred cabin passengers and a still 
larger nnml)er in the steerage. Its best sjjced was 
from eight to ten miles per hour, and even this was 
considered something wonderful. All Cleveland 
swarmed on board to examine the new craft, and many 
of the leading citizens took passage in it to Detroit, 
for which place it soon set forth. 

The work of improvement, as we have said, was all 
the while going on at a rapid rate although umler 



w 



FROM THE WA1{ TO THE C'AKAL. 



fi5 



fjroiil. (lillicult.ies. Iliirdsliip w;is Llic expected lot of 
tlio pioneers, but even in tlie older sections of tiio 
county, where good farms liad been cleared up, llic 
agriculturist found his vocation an unprofitable one on 
account of the ditticulty of finding a market for his 
pmducts. In fact, for grain there was almost no 
market; the only i)urchaser.-i in this vicinity being the 
few Imndrcd traders and mechanics wiio were concen- 
trated at Cleveland and Ncwlmrg. Hardly a bushel 
of wheat or a barrel of tlonr was shipped down the 
lake until after the opening of the Erie canal in 1835; 
the expense of transportation being so great as to 
"eat up" the whole j)rice of the article. 

.Some cattle wei'e driven overland to l'liiladeli)hia or 
New York, and hides in considerable (|uaiitities, be- 
sides the furs of wild animals, were sent down the 
lake. From an old marine record we find that the 
articles going down the lake at this period (1815 to 
18"J0) taking one vessel after another, comjjrised furs, 
fish, cider, furs, paint, dry goods, furniture, scythes, 
furs, grindstones, skins, furs, cider, paint, furs, fish, 
household-goods, grindstones, skins, scythes, coffee, 
fish, l)uilding-stoue, crockery, hardware, pork, scythes 
and clothing. It is difficult to imagine where the 
coffee and some other articles came from, but probably 
they had been sent up the lake from the East and were 
returned for lack of a market. It will be observed 
tluit neither potash, pearhish nor " black salts," figure 
in the list of exports, though these are mentioned by 
most of the early settlers I have met as being the 
])rincipal cash articles they could produce. It is prob- 
al)le that it was not till after 1816, (the date of the 
fiiregoing list) that black salts, etc., became articles of 
export from northern Ohio. 

Tiie upward bound fi-eight at the same time con- 
sisted of whisky, dry goods, household goods, naval 
stores, dry goods, groceries, hardware, salt, fish, 
spirits, household goods, mill-irons, salt, tea, whisky, 
liutt,er. wiiisky, coffee, soap, medicines, groceries, 
liouseiiold goods and farm utensils. It will be seen 
that a good many classes of articles went l)oth ways, 
l)ut no furs nor skins went up the lake. 

Tiie lake vessels of (lie period in i|Ucstion were 
almost all schooners, the following bring a nearly 
complete list: The schooners '•Holpliin," "Diligence," 
" Krie," " Ponifret," " Weasel," " Widow's Son," 
" Meri'y Calvin,'" "Firefly." "Paulina." ".Mink," 
"Merchant." ■•rilot,,'" "Ilacrhel," "Michigan, " "Neji- 
tune," "Hercules," "Croghan," "Tiger," "Anrora," 
"Experiment," "IJlaek Snake,'' "Hanger," •■Fiddler" 
Mild "(Miampion;" also the sloops "Venus," "Ameri- 
can Kagle," "Perseverance," " Nigiitingale " and 
" HIack Iliver Packcl." 'I'lie solitary sleainer has 
already been mentioned. 

Whatever freight was brought to (!lcveland at this 
period from the adjoining counties was carried (ex- 
cejit when there was sleighing) on big vehicles, called 
" Pennsylvania '" or " CJonestoga " wagons, drawn by 
four or six horses. A solid vehicle and a strong team 
were absolutely necessary, especially in sju^ing and 



autumn, to make any headway at all along the ftarfiil 
roads, covered knee-deep or more with iiiiid, which 
traversed northern Ohio. 

Even in summer these rude highways were by no 
means easy to travel. It is narrated that in 1810 a 
resident of Hudson, Summit county, who had ;i fine 
team of which he was especially proud, drovt^ up to 
the door of Noble II. Merwin'.s hotel in Cleveland, 
just as the guests of the latter were sitting down to 
supper. 

"Ah!"' said the landlord, "are you just from Hud- 
son ?" 

"Yes,"" replied the traveler. 

"How long have you been on the road?" ((uericd 
Merwin. 

"Oh, I came through to-day," responded the other 
with manifest pride. 

"What!" exclaimed mine host, "came tlirough 
from Hudson in one day — you don't say so?"' 

" Fact, upon honor," res])Oiided tlu^ owner of the 
team. 

"Come out here; come out here," cried the excited 
landlord to the occupants of the suj)per table; " here 
is a man who has come through from Hudson to- 
day;" and forthwith all rushed out to gaze on this 
extraordinary phenomena. As the distance from 
Cleveland to Hudson was only twenty-four miles, it 
may be presumed that the roads must have been 
something terrible to make such a day's journey seem 
remarkable. 

The second newspaper in the county, and the oldest 
one now surviving, was the Cleveland llcnihl, wliieh 
was first published in 1819. In the early files we 
have found many incidents bearing upon the history 
of the county at that period. 

The militia was then an institution of much more 
conse<|nence than at present, and the number of 
divisions, brigades and regiments, with their cor- 
responding major-generals, brigadier-generals and 
colonels was something almost tremendous. Among 
numerous other cases we notice that in June, 1820, 
Colonel Daniel Miles was elected brigadier-general in 
place of (leneral Lewis K. Dille, of Euclid, resigned. 
T'he "general training" of those days was next to 
the 4tli of July the great holiday of the suumiei- 
season. When a regiment of four hundred or five 
iiundred men, dres.sed iu sheep's gray and i)liie jeans, 
and many of them in their shirt sleeves, armed with 
lilies, muskets and fowling-pieces of every pattern, 
stood in irregular line in some convenient meadow, 
while the eolor.ul, glorious in brass buttons, with 
epaulets as l.irge as tea-plates, and a cocked hat of 
tremendous circumference, dashed uj) and down the 
lines on the best farm horse to be obtained for love 
or money — ah, (hen indeed the assembled boyhood of 
all the country round felt that the acme of glory liad 
been reached, and that with such defenders Columbia 
was .safe from all her foes. 

Hut tiie most dangerous foes of the people of Cuya- 
hoga at this time were not the embattled legions of 



66 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAKOGA COUNTY. 



Europe, but the wolves which devoured their sheep 
and the bears which ate up their hogs. To reduce 
the number of these enemies, to obtain their skins 
and to supply themselves with venison, as well as for 
the sport afforded, hundreds of young and middle- 
aged men made a sjiecialty of hunting during the 
winter mouths. 

But there were in some localities large tracts which, 
usually on account of their swampy nature, were the 
especial resort of wild animals. Occasionally, after 
the farmers' sheep had suffered severely from wolves 
which harbored in such a tract, the people would turn 
out from far and near to surround and clear out the 
haunt of the marauders. The most celebrated of all 
these grand haltues in this part of the State was the 
"Hinckley hunt," which took place in December, 
1818. The township of Hinckley, which was the 
scene of the great raid, was just outside of Cuyahoga 
county; lying immediately south of Royalton, and 
being now the uortheasterumost township of Medina 
county — yet as huntsmen i^rticipated in it from all 
parts of Cuyahoga, even from as far as Euclid, we 
have chosen it as a specimen of the onslaughts occa- 
sionally made on the denizens of the forest by the 
pioneers of northern Ohio. 

Notice having been given throughout Cuyahoga and 
Medina counties, including the pi-esent county of 
Summit, nearly five hundred hunters, all eager for 
the fray, assembled one cold morning in December on 
the borders of the wolf-haunted townsliip. A com- 
mander in chief was chosen by universal -suffrage, as 
well as four captains, one for each side of the area to 
be enclosed. 'Squire Ferris, of Royalton, was the 
captain on the northern side. Then the commander 
sent his companies to the right and left, and in due 
time the whole township was enclosed by what in mil- 
itary phrase would be called a skirmish line, witli the 
men fifteen or twenty rods apart. There was at tliat 
time only one family living in Hinckley ; so that the 
assailants had a clear field. 

Next, the word was started from the northeast cor- 
ner of the township, "All ready.'' 

"All ready," repeated the men, one after another, 
and the word quickly went around the townshiji and 
came back to the northeast corner. 

" Forward march ! "' shouted the chief. " Forward 
march I " repeated the men in succession, and the 
four lines moved forward toward the center of the 
township. At intervals along the line good woods- 
men were placed, with special instructions to take a 
straight direction to the center of Hinckley, to whose 
movement the others were directed to conform, grad- 
ually closing up as they progressed. The venerable 
Abial Haynes, of Strongsville, though then but a 
youth, was one of the linesmen, or "guides,"' and has 
given us a description of the principal events of this 
exciting day. 

Ere tlie lines had niarclied a mile toward the center 
a few deer were seen, a part of wliich were killed 
while others sped away in the oj^posite direction from 



the crackling rifles. After tlie first mile bears began 
to be observed. Mr. Haynes and John Ililliard met 
one and lioth fired at once, at a distance of a few rods. 
Both balls struck him and he fell, but immediately 
scrambled up and "loped" back into the forest. He 
was soon killed, however, and was found to weigh 
six hundred jjounds ; being almost as heavy as a small 
ox. 

The lines marched on and deer became extremely 
numerous, while bear were quite frequent. There 
was a continuous fusilade along the line as bucks, 
and does, and fawns fell in rapid succession before the 
rifles of the hunters. Tiiose that did not fall gener- 
ally ran back from the line of death-dealing riflemen, 
but occasionally some brave old buck would fling his 
antlered head aloft, burst through the line of his foes, 
perchance escape their bullets, and dash away to seek 
a more healthy residence. 

Turkies, too, flew up in enormous numbers; so that 
it was said in somewhat exaggerated phrase that every 
bullet fired that day killed a turkey. Turkies and 
deer were so numerous that their deaths caused no 
excitement, but when a bear curled up to die a tri- 
umphant shout was raised by his conqueroi-s. which 
was echoed far along the line. 

All this while not a wolf was to be seen ; the wary 
rascals snuffed danger from afar and retreated as fast 
as possible from the sound of the deadly rifles. As 
wolves were the very animals it was most desirable to 
kill, some disappointment was felt at their non-ap- 
pearance, but the old iiuuters were certain they had 
retreated toward the center and encouraged the others 
to press on. 

When within about two miles of the middle of the 
township the fun became fast and furious The men 
were now but four or five rods apart and it was "very 
difficult for anything to escape between them. Never- 
theless, at one time fifty or sixty deer, in one fright- 
ened herd, made a dash at the line ; the antlered lead- 
ers bounding five or six feet from the ground, and .all 
snorting with frantic terror. Most of them escaped, 
in spite of the rattling fusilade with which tlw;y were 
assailed on either side. Scarce a moment passed in 
which a deer was not seen bounding with all the speed 
of terror through the forest, or a bear lumbering 
along at his best pace, but far too slowly to escape 
the vengeance of his unsparing foes. Crack ! crack ! 
went the rifles with scarcely a moment's intermission; 
corpses strewed the ground on every side and the ex- 
cited hunters, with all the enthusiasm of victorious 
soldiers, pressed forward with flying feet. 

Still no wolves. 

When the last square mile in the center of the 
township was reached the deer had entirely disap- 
peared ; all were slain or had broken through the 
lines and escaped. The bears, too, had become scarce; 
only three or four being killed on the last square 
mile. The men were now within a few paces of each 
other, and eager as so many bloodhounds. At length 
a gaunt gray form was seen gliding among the trees. 



FROM THE WAK TO THE CANAL. 



67 



"A wolf ! a wolf ! " cried those who saw it. Half 
a dozen rilles were Gred at once, and the enemy of the 
sheep-fold was numbei'ed with the slain. Another 
and another were soon seen and dispatched. As the 
deadly lines, now closing into a circle, pressed forward 
to the center, the grisly prowlers were seen running 
hitiier and thither, as terrified as the lambs tiiey had 
formerly pursued. Caution was now necessary lest 
the bullets of the hunters should wound their friends 
on the other side of the circle, but caution was a dif- 
licult virtue among such an excited and jubilant 
crowd. However, it must have been exercised to 
some extent ; for none of the hunters were killed or 
wounded. 

At last the triumphant rillemon closed swiftly in 
together, the last wolf went down beneath their 
bullets, the circle became a band, and a succession of 
ringing cheers gave vent to their excited feelings. 

Ou counting up their victims, eight wolves were 
found (all killed on the last square mile); a number 
which, though not large in compai-ison with that of 
the other animals, was sullicient to carry destruction 
into hundreds of tlocks of sheep. 

Twenty i)ears were also found "weltering in their 
gore " on the field of battle, eighteen of which were 
drawn together and flung into a shaggy heap. Of 
deer, no less than two hundred and sixty were drawn 
together in the same manner. The hunters certainly 
could not comj)!ain that this was " not a good day 
for deer." As we have before mentioned, many of 
liiese fleet-footed foresters escaped, but Mr. Haines 
slated that he believed that all of the bears and wolves 
in the township were killed. At all events the hunt 
completely broke n[) the haunt of wolves which had 
previously existed there, and for a time, at least, there 
was [)eace for the neighboring sheep. 

There were other grand balluesoi the same descri}!- 
lion in and near the county, but the Hinckley hunt 
was the most celebrated and most successful of them 
all, and its description will suffice for either of the 
lit hers. 

In 18'i(( a sfeji farther in advance was made when 
a line of coaches was put on the route fi'oin Cleveland 
to Columbus, piissing through the townships of Brook- 
lyn, Parma, the corner of Royalton, Strongsville, 
and so on through Medina county. Those were dire- 
ful times for travelers. In summer the big coaches 
bowled along with comparative ease, save wiien one 
of the wheels jolted over the root of an overshadowing 
oak, or collided with the stump of a lately felled 
beech. Even these disturbances did not prevent the 
closely packed passengers from beguiling their way 
with many a pleasant tale, until " stage-coach stories '" 
have become renowned for their wit and jollity. In 
winter, too, by curling uj) in the bottom of the sleigh, 
surrounded with plenty of buffalo and bear skins, 
the travelers could generally manage to jierform 
their journey with considerable rapidity, and without 
more discomfort than an occasional " frosted" ear or 
nose. 



But alas for the unfortunate man doomed to a 
stage-coach journey in the spring or fall. He was 
sure to be called ou to go on foot a large portion of 
the time, and was often expected to shoulder a rail 
and carry it from mudhole to mudhole, to pry out the 
vehicle in which he was in theory sujiposed to be rid- 
ing. "To go on foot and carry a rail," and to pay a 
stage company for the privilege, was a mode of trav- 
eling very widely celebrated but extremely unpleasant. 
Not only were roads poor but bridges were scarce. 
There was not one across the Cuyahoga river in the 
county. A notice was published in April, IS'IO, by 
which "all having an interest in or wishes concerning 
the building of a bridge across the river at or near 
Cleveland are requested to meet at the court-house, 
to consult in relation thereto." 

As a marked examijle of what must seem to our 
readers the extreme slowness with which the news was 
carried in those days, we may mention that while King 
George the Third, of England, died on the 20th day 
of January, 1830, the announcement of his death was 
not made in the Cleveland Heralil until the 38th of 
March, (two months lacking a day after the event 
took place). 

The commerce of the lake slowly but steadily in- 
crea.sed. The Herald of April 35, 1830, reported the 
following clearances at the " port of Cuyahoga" in a 
single week: Cleared; schooner "Fairplay," Johnson 
master, loaded with pork, flour, whisky and passen- 
gers; schooner " Commodore Perry," Tayler master, 
for Detroit, loaded with Hour, beef, cattle, etc.; 
schooner "American Eagle," Gaylord master, loaded 
with produce; schooner "Friendship," Kelly master, 
also loaded with produce. The arrival of some of the 
same vessels from Detroit was noted, but the nature 
of their cirgoes was not mentioned. 

It will be observed that flour is spoken of as going 
both up and down the lake. In the latter case it was 
doubtless used by the garrisons of the posts on the 
upper lakes, or by the settlers of Michigan who had 
not yet raised crops. This was about the beginning 
of the great trade in grain and breadstulis along the 
ui)per lakes, which has already grown to such enor- 
mous proportions. 

In this year (1830) the first legislative action was 
taken in regard to the construction of a canal from 
Lake Erie to the Ohio river. An act was passed by 
the legislature providing for the apjjointment of three 
canal commissioners, who were authorized to employ 
a competent engineer and assistants, for the purpose 
of making preliminary surveys of soiue of the routes 
considered most available for the proposed work. 

In 1833 Hon. Alfred Kelly, of Cleveland, was ap- 
pointed one of the canal commissioners, and for many 
years thereafter was l)usily and zealou.sly engaged in 
forwarding the construction of the canal, and in other 
public services. Hon. James Geddcs, of New York, 
one of the principal engineers of the Erie canal, was 
emjiloyed to make a survey of the routes of the Ohio 
canal. 



68 



GENERAL HISTOKY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Prices of all kinds of farm produce were exceeding- 
ly low; the following being a list of the prices paid in 
Cleveland in Januarj^, 1823: Flour, two dollars and 
a half per barrel; wheat, thirty-seven cents to fifty 
cents per bushel; rye, thirty-one cents; corn, twenty- 
five cents; oats, nineteen cents; beans, fifty cents; 
flax seed, fifty cents; peas, forty- four to fifty cents; 
rye, thirty-one cents; butter, eight to ten cents per 
pound; cheese, four to six cents; lard, four to five 
cents; pork, two to three and a half cents; beef, three 
to four cents; tallow, eight to ten cents; whisky, 
twenty to twenty-six cents jjer gallon; wood, thirty 
to fifty cents per cord; hay, six to seven dollars per 
ton. 

It was pretty hard to raise wheat and sell it for 
tliirty-sevea cents a bushel, but ou the other hand 
with whisky only twenty cents a gallon the people 
were doubtless reasonably hapi)y. For there is no 
use in evading the unquestionable fact — the sturdy 
jiioneers who destroyed the wild beasts, leveled the 
forests and subdued the virgin soil of Cuyahoga 
county, were as a general rule decidedly fond of 
whisk}^ Every township had one or more distilleries, 
where the article was manufactured in the cheapest 
possible manner, and each had plenty of customers 
in its own vicinity. Whisky was aa important item 
at every "raising" or "logging-bee," or other assem- 
blage of the people, and was in frequent use in the 
houses of the most reputable classes. 

It should be remembered, however, that men who 
spent twelve hours a day chopping, logging, plowing, 
splitting rails, etc., could more easily "work off" the 
effect of frequent drams of li(|uor than could their 
degenerate descendants, who think eight hours consti- 
tutes a hard day's work, and many of whom do no 
hard work at all. 

General training was one of the occasions at which 
a liberal use of whisky was considered to be the proper 
thing, notwithstanding the requirements of discipline. 
The officers couldn't keep whisky out of camp, 
although there was an abundant supply of those dig- 
nitaries. This was a part of the ninth division, Ohio 
militia. Among the numerous notices and orders 
which appeared within a few months, in 1832, we 
observe one directing the members of the first com- 
l)any of cavalry, second brigade, ninth division, Ohio 
militia, to hold an election for company officers at the 
court-house; signed by the brigadier-general, per 
John W. Wiley, aide. Also one requiring the first 
artillery company of the first regiment, fourth brigade, 
etc., to meet to elect officers; signed by P. M. Wed- 
dell, captain. Another ordering the company officers 
of the first regiment, etc., to meet to elect a major; 
signed by P. Baldwin, colonel. 

A short time afterwards the following staif and 
non-commissioned-staff officers of the first regiment 
were announced by H. AVellman, colonel: Donald 
Mcintosh, surgeon; S. A. Henderson, surgeon's 
mate; Runey R. Baldwin, adjutant; John H. Camp, 
(|uartermaster; Horace Perry, paymaster; William 



S. Chapman, sergeant-major; John 0. Millard, fife- 
major; Barzilla B. Burk, drum-major. 

Capital of all kinds was scarce, and this fact of 
course retarded the general progress of the county. 
Yet the absence of large amounts of capital encour- 
aged men with a little money to embark in various 
small industries, in different parts of the county, 
which have now passed away. If a man wanted to 
start a little business of any kind, and had barely 
enougli to begin with, he could go ahead in compara- 
tive safety; there was no danger of any " bloated cap- 
italist" crushing out his enterprise by driving him 
into a hopeless competition. 

Tiius Leonard Marsilliott, of Euclid, for a long 
time maintained a stoneware factory in that township, 
which had a wide reputation for the excellence of its 
productions. A little later there was a ship and boat- 
building establishment in the same township, more 
fully described in the special history of Euclid. An- 
other industry of the period (1823, etc.) — a somewhat 
curious one — was a castor-oil factory, situated in tiie 
township of Brooklyn, a mile from Cleveland. That 
fragrant business, we imagine, has entirely passed 
away from the county. 

We now come to a material change in the western 
boundaries of Cuyalioga county. By a law j)assed on 
ttie 3Gth day of December, 1833, the county of Lorain 
■ was established. It embraced a large part of Huron 
county, and took from Cuyalioga the townsliips of 
Troy (now Avon), Ridgeville, Eaton, Columbia, and 
the west ])art of Lenox (now Olmstead). It will Ijc 
observed that Troy (Avon) and Ridgeville then ex- 
tended to Black river, which was the western bound- 
ary of Cuyahoga county. 

Tlie new county was not organized at that time, 
and tlie townships named in the last paragraph re- 
mained temporarily attached to Cuyahoga county. A 
list of tlie civil townships of the latter county, which 
appciired in October, 1833, was as follows: Cleveland, 
Chagrin (now Willoughby), Brooklyn, Brecksville, 
Bedford, Columbia, Dover, Euclid, Eaton, Independ- 
ence, Mayfield, Newburg, Orange, Ridgeville, Royal- 
ton, Rockport, Strougsville, Troy (Avon), and War- 
rensville. Nineteen in all; the same number as there 
are at present (aside from Cleveland) — the number of 
those which have been detached having been made 
good i)y new formations. 

On the first d;iy of April, 183-1. Lorain county was 
duly organized, and the territory above described was 
permanently detached from Cuyahoga county. The 
west half of Lenox (Olmstead) was then made a i)art 
of Ridgeville, Lorain county, while the east half was 
attaciied to Middleburg, Cuyahoga county. 

We said the territory in question was " perma- 
nently "detached from Cuyahoga count}'. That is 
to say, the detachment was intended to be permanent, 
but in regard to the west half of Lenox it was not so. 
The residents of Lenox were much dissatisfied with 
the decree which had cut their thriving young town- 
ship in twain, and had placed the severed halves in 




:/"^f 



FUOM THE WAR TO THE (!ANAL. 



69 



two different counties, and three years later they pro- 
ciirod the passage of an act, dated January 29, 1837, 
by whicli the west half of the townsliip in question 
was set back into Cuyahoga, whore the two portions, 
once more united, became the townsliip of Olmstuad, 
as narrated in its special iiistory. The facts men- 
tioned in this paragraph are a little in advance of the 
])i.'riod allotted to the present chapter, but we want to 
close the account in regard to the western boundary 
(if the county. No changes have been made in it 
I'nim the reannexation of the v.'cst half of Lenox to 
the present time. 

From a casual record we loani that the white males, 
over twenty-one years of age, resident in Cuyahoga 
county in 1823, numbered sixteen hundred and fifty- 
tive; an average of eighty-seven to each of the nine- 
teen townships. 

Another record of the same year mentions that the 
State had directed the laying out of a '"free road"' 
from Cleveland through Newburg, Bedford and 
Solon, and so on southeast, striking the Ohio river in 
Columbiana county. Samuel Cowles, Es((., of Cleve- 
land, was one of the commissioners to lay it out. 

The first movement was also made this year to 
turnpike the stage road running from Cleveland 
southwest through Brooklyn, Parma and Strongsvillc; 
and thence through Medina to Wooster, the county 
seat of Wayne county. A company was formed, 
called the Wayne, Medina and Cuyahoga Turnpike 
Comjiany, and in April, 1823, the books were opened 
to receive subscriptions to the stock. The move- 
ment was a success, and the turnjiike in question 
became one of the great highways of the State. 

By this time, thirteen years after the advent of Ur. 
David Long, the first physician in the county, the 
doctors of this aTid Medina counties (which, by a law 
of the State, constituted the nineteenth medical dis- 
trict of Ohio) had become sufficiently numerous to 
organize a medical society, and did so in May, 1823. 
Dr. Long w;us the first [iresident. 

In the autumn of 1824 took place the great quad- 
rangular contest for the presidency between Henry 
Clay, John Quincy Adams, Andrew Jackson and John 
C. Calhoun. The last named gentlenuin received no 
votes in this county. Of the others, strange as it 
may seem, Jackson received vei'y few votes; the 
strength of the county being divided between Clay and 
Adams, with the former as a decided favorite. The 
following table shows the vote by townships. The 
township of Chagrin (now Willoughby) was included 
in the list, casting iiiiiety-eight votes, but we have 
omitted it in order to show the number Ciist in the 
territory now ccHistituitng Cuyahoga county, except 
the west half of Olmstead, then attached to Lorain 
county, and containing but very few voters. 



TOWNSHIPS. CLAY. ADAMS. JACKSON. TOTAL. 

Bedford 20 . 20 

Brooklyn S9 .5 .. 14 

Brecksville :i8 IS M 

Cleveland fi4 43 r, 11^ 

Dover Si II .. :« 

Euclid 38 75 10 V£l 

Independence ID ~ 21 

Slayfield 14 1 ir. 

Middleburg 13 Mi 

Newburg .57 4!l I'Hi 

Orange '..''-J 'H 

Roukport iili 1 '.i? 

Royalton +4 . . II 

Stningsville Si 1 -H 

\Vanen.sville 4 la 4 a) 

Aggregate -l-W 21S 25 085 

It will, perhaps, surjirLse some of our readers to 
learn that as late as 1821 the township of Euclid cast 
seventeen votes (about fifteen per cent.) more than 
Cleveland, but such was the fact. While the agri- 
cultural townships made steady jirogress after the 
war of 1812, the growth of Cleveland was >3.\tremely 
slow down to the year 182.">. It should be remembered, 
however, that Euclid at ihat time ineliuled the 
greater part of tlie present towiislii[) of East Cleve- 
land. 

In this year (1821) an act was passed directing the 
laying out of another State road; running from 
Cleveland through Warrensville and Orange, and 
thence nearly due east to Kinsman, on the eastern 
line of the State. It was called the Kinsman road, 
and the westernmost part of it is now known as 
Kinsman street, in the city of Cleveland. 

The winter of 182-1-5 was celebrat.ed for its mild- 
ness, and the Cleveland Herald of December 8tli re- 
cords that violets, pinks and marigolds were then in 
bloom, that pea vines had pods half-grown u[ion them, 
and most remarkable of all that rij)e strawberries, 
grown in the open air, had lately been liroiighl- into 
the office. 

During the previous five years engineers had been 
at work, more or less, making prelimiiuiry surveys 
for the great Ohio canal. Pui)lic opinion, too, had 
been steadily growing more favorable to the proposed 
enterprise, and at length, on the 4th of Fel)ruaiy, 
1825, a law was passeil authorizing the canal com- 
missioners to build a canal along the Scioto and Musk- 
ingum valleys, and thence north to Lake Erie. The 
commissioners were left free to choose, as to the 
northern part, between the route by the Cuyahoga 
valley to Cleveland, and that through Wooster, and 
down the valley of Black river to its mouth. 'I'lie 
seven commissioners (of whom Alfred Kelley, of 
Cleveland, was one of the most infiuential), reported 
in favor of the superior cheapness and convenience of 
the Cuyahoga route, and it was formally adopted. 

This oiiens a new era in the history of the coufity, 
and wc will, therefore, at this point begin a new 
chapter. 



70 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XIII. 

PROGRESS, INFLATION AND "HARD TIMES." 

Work bej^uD on the Canal— Growth of Cleveland— Completion of Erie 
Canal—First Appropriation for Harbor— The " Superior "—Increasing 
Business— *■ Black Salts "—Cleveland an<l Newburg —Contest over 
Court-House- Cleveland Successful— Erecting New Court House — 
" The Blue Jug"— Cuyahoga County Coloniz ition Society— The Canal 
opened to Akron— Celebration under Difficulties- Trade with the 
Northwest— A County Wolf-Bounty— Horse Thieves and Counter- 
feiters— Discount on Bank Bills- Hard Times for Creditors— Rails at 
Ten Cents Each— Sale of Western Reserve School Lands— I/and begins 
to rise- Laying out of Ohio City— Modest Railroads— Others not so 
Modest— The Ohio Railroad— The Cleveland, Cincinnati and Columbus 
Road— The Cleveland, Warren and Pittsburg Road— The "Flush 
Times "—Immense Increase of Paper Money— Inflation of Values — 
Special Speculation on the Cuyahoga— The Climax in 1S30— The Great 
Crash in 1837-Failure of Banks and Individuals- Stoppage of Public 
Works— 'Hard Times "—The Patriot War— Deer feeding with the 
Cows. 

Work was speedily commenced at various jioints 
along tlie route of tlie canal; ground being broken at 
Cleveland on the 4th of July, 1825. At that time 
begins the rapid growth of Cleveland. Though laid 
out nearly thirty years before, it was in 1825 a mere 
village of five or si.x hundred inhabitants; but from 
the beginning of the Ohio canal to the present time 
its growth has been one of the marvels even of the 
marvelous West. 

In the autumn of the same year the Erie canal was 
completed, and boats were set running between 
Albany and Buffalo. This opened a market for those 
agricultural productions of northern Ohio which could 
reach the lake, and a decided improvement in jirices 
was the result. In this year, also, the first appropri- 
ation was made by the general government for a 
harbor at Cleveland. The circumstances connected 
with its construction are given in detail in the history 
of the city. 

The "Walk-in-the- Water" liad been wrecked, but 
a new steamer, the "Superior," had taken its place. 
In 1830 the "Henry Clay" came out, and from that 
time there was a very rapid growth of the steam 
marine on Lake Erie. 

All these things greatly increased the travel over 
the roads of Cuyahoga county. Not only were 
the farmers of the county eager to reach a port 
where they could exchange their productions for 
imi)orted articles, but the slow Pennsylvania Gei'mans 
of northeastern Ohio, in large numbers, drove their big 
wagons, with enormously-wide tires, over the muddy 
roads through Orange, Solon, Warrensville, Bedford, 
Ncwbtirg, etc., to the mouth of the Cu3'ahoga; inquir- 
ing there for " de John Blair vat kips de vite fishes," 
a favorite dealer of the olden time. There they 
unloaded their flour and wheat, and loaded up with 
fish, "salt, etc. Sometimes three barrels of flour were 
given for one barrel of salt. 

By this time the manufacture of "black salts," 
potash and pearlash had become an important indus- 
try. The clearing of the land of timber furnished 
an immense quantity of ashes on nearly every farm; 
for even those who had (piite old locations were con- 
stantly clearing off new lots. The ashes being 



leached, the ley was boiled down into a dark solid, 
known as "black salts." This was usually sold to 
the owner of a local ashery, frequently the village 
merchant, who made it into potash or pearlash and 
sent it east for sale. It conld be transported at slight 
expense, and would always bring cash at some ])rice: 
conse(iueutly many a farmer who could only trade his 
wheat or oats for "store-pay" of some kind, was 
obliged to depend on his " black salts" for the money 
to pay his taxes, and for a few other necessary ex- 
penses which must be met with cash. 

By 183G the people had become satisfied that anew 
court-house was indispensable for the rising business 
of the county. As on the erection of the first one in 
1812, so again, there was a sharp dispute whether the 
new one should be located at Cleveland or Newburg. ji 

For a long time the latter had been superior to the |l 
former in population, business and prosperity. Cleve- 
land was now increasing much the more rapidly, and 
bade fair to be an important place, yet Newburg was 
more centrally located, and a large pro[)ortiou of the 
inhabitants favored the removal of the county-seat to 
that point. 

The j)ower to make the location was vested in the 
county commissioners. One of these died, and of the 
two others, one favored Cleveland and one Newburg 
as the county seat. An election to fill the vacancy 
came off iu 1836. It turned entirely on the county- 
seat (piestion, one candidate being a friend of Cleve- 
land and one of Newburg, and a very hot contest was 
the result. The Cleveland man was elected by a 
small majority. 

The ne-xt year, 1837, a new, brick court-house was 
begun, situated in the southwest part of the public 
square at Cleveland, across the street from the front 
of the present Forest City House. It Avas comjiletcd 
in 1838, and the first court w;is held in it on the 38th 
of October in that year. This was the .scene of the 
administration of justice for Cujahoga county for 
thirty j'ears. It was a two-story brick building, with 
a wooden cupola, standing with its face toward the 
lake, and was considered a very elegant structure. 
The lower story was divided into rooms for the ac- 
commodation of the various county ofBcers, while the 
upper story served as a court room. 

Fourj'ears later a substantial stone jail was erected 
on the ground south of the southwest corner of the 
square; being in rear of the court-house and across 
the street from it. This was a gloomy-looking struc- 
ture, and was commonly called " The Blue Jug." 

Among the events of fifty years ago, one which 
now seems separated by an immense gulf from the 
ideas of the present day was the organization, in 
1837, of the Cuyahoga County Colonization Society; 
a branch of the national institution of that name, de- 
signed to promote the removal of the colored people 
to Africa. It was generally considered to be favor- 
able to their freedom, as it was supjiosed that many 
Southerners would be willing to emancipate their 
slaves if assured that they would not remain in the 



PROORKSS, INFLATION AND "HARD TIMES." 



71 



country; yet the strong aliolitionists were decidedly 
ojiposod to it. 

At the meeting for tlio ]inr])oso of organizutinn, 
ill tliis county, an address was delivered by the Uev. 
William Stone, and a in'ayer hy the K'ev. S. J. Hrad- 
strect. Samuel Cowles, Es(|., was chosen president; 
Rev. Randoliih Stone, Hon. Neniiah Allen, Datus 
Kellcy, Josiah Barber and Gen. Lewis R. Dille, vice 
presidents; A. W. Walworth, treasurer; James S. 
('larke, secretary, and Mordeeai Hartley, delegate to 
tlu? natiomil society. 

On the Fourth of July in this year, (1837,) just, two 
years after ground was broken on the Ohio canal at 
Cleveland, it was technically "opened for naviga- 
tion" from Cleveland to Akron with a grand celebra- 
tion. It was opened under difficulties, however; for 
the two northernmost locks, which connected the 
canal with the Cuyahoga river at Cleveland, were not 
yet conii)leted. 

But Noble H. Merwin, of the last named jilace, 
was determined that there should be a big celebration, 
not only over the canal hut on the cansd, on the 
Fourth of July of that year. So lie had the canal- 
paeket "Pioneer" brought from Buffalo, took it uj) 
the river above the locks, and hauled it with teams 
over the embankment into the canal. Thence a large 
jiarty of the principal people of Cleveland went up 
the canal on the " I'ioneer," till they met the boat 
"Allen Trimble," from Akron, having on board the 
person for whom it was named, who was then gov- 
ernor of Ohio, together with the canal commission- 
ers and many others from the central jjarts of the 
S tate. 

Flags lluttered gayly in the breeze, cannon thun- 
deri'd their boisterous welcome, speeches full of ro.seate 
pri)|)hesy were made, and all were iiitensely enthusi- 
astic over the great event of the day. Such enthusi- 
asm over such a cause may seem overstrained in these 
fast times, when railroads have absin-bed nearly all 
the commerce of this region, and the canals are 
looked on as extremely old fogyish institutions. 
.Nevertheless the Fourth day of July, 1837, was a great 
day for northern Ohio. An immense tract, previ- 
ously almost entirely isolated, was j)i-ovided with the 
means of transporting its produce to the markets of 
the Fast, and every kind of business showed an im- 
mciliate inul very nnirked improvement in consc- 
c|U('iice. It is doubtful if railroads would have been 
built as soon as they were, had not the wealth of the 
country first been largely increased by the construc- 
tion of canals. 

The Ohio canal was coin|il('ted Ihrough the State 
in tive years afterward, and iis increased business 
nearly all poured through Cuyahoga county to seek 
Lake Erie. 

Bt'sides the trade with the East, whicli was so rap- 
idly being developed at this period, there was also a 
strong dennind for breadstuff s and other articles to 
send to the distant regions of the Northwest, which 
the farmers farther up the lakes were unable to sup- 



ply. In 1837 the Hudson Bay Company advertised 
for a thousand linshels of white, flint corn, two hun- 
dred bushels of other corn, and two hundred barrels 
of flour, besides considerable rpumtities of salt, pork, 
tallow, tobacco, highwines, etc. Large quantities of 
produce were also sent to emigrants in Michigan 
and other Territories, who had not yet raised erojis 
large enough for their own support. 

Notwithstanding all this commercial activity, and 
notwithstanding the zeal of the pioneers with their 
rifles, wolves still glided through the forest in many 
townships, and made rapid slaughter upon any un- 
guarded sheep they could discover. In 1837 the 
county commissioners offered a bounty of fifteen dol- 
lar? for the scalp of every wolf slain in the county. 
Many of the townships also gave from five to ten dol- 
lars jier sealj), so that wolf-hunting was sometimes 
quite a profitable business. 

Crimes, too, were not nnknown in those "good old 
times," to which so many look back with fond regret 
as to an F^lysian age. Perhaps there were not as 
many high-toned criminals — oHicial defaulters and 
gentlemanly murderers — as there are now, but good, 
plain thieves were as plentiful as any reasonable per- 
son could desire. The more daring class devoted 
themselves largely to horse-stealing, and throughout 
the West the professors of that art were united in a 
great fraternity, members of which, of apparently re- 
spectable character, were to be found in nearly every 
township. Many a horse, which suddenly left its 
owner's pasture in the dark and was followed with hue 
and cry l>y himself and his neighbors, went no farther 
than the next township, where it w.is quietly kept till 
the storm had blown over, in the stable of some re- 
spectable justice of the j)cace or venerable deacon of 
the church. 

The less courageous or more skillful rascals usually 
devoted themselves to the manufaeliire of counterfeit 
money. The "dollar of our fathers" was very apt 
to l)e a bogus article. Tlicrc were reported to be 
places where bad money was coined in Brecksville, in 
Royalton, in Middleiinrg, and doubtless in other 
secluded localities. The machinery of the Middle- 
burg institution was found, long after it had been 
abandoned, on a small island in the midst of a large 
swamp in that township. Counterfeit half-dollars 
were the favorite productions of these nnlawfnl mints, 
though other silver coins were frequently imitated. 
It was said that large orders for bad silver came from 
Pennsylvania, where no bank-bills of less than five 
dollars were allowed to circulate. Prosecutions were 
extremely ditticult, as the criminals were frequently 
men of some local and political influence, and "straw 
bail" was readily aeceiited by the officials. 

Wedo not learn so much about counterfeiting liank- 
bills in those days; partly, doubtless, because that 
business re(piired more expense and skill than was 
available in this region, and partly because Ohio bank 
bills were so poor that it was not very profitable to 
counterfeit them. The ordinary discount on them iu 



n 



genp:ral history op cityahoga county. 



1830 was from twenty-five to thirty per cent., and in 
some cases it was much larger. A respectable rascal 
would naturally be ashamed to counterfeit such 
money as that. 

Debts against individuals were frequently even less 
valuable than these heavily discounted bank-bills. 
We have noticed in a previous chapter that a repre- 
sentative from Cuyahoga county made the first 
movement ever made — so far as known — looking to 
the abolition of imprisonment for debt. By 1830 
Ohio had gone to the extreme of liberality toward 
debtors, and by means of stay-laws and provisions 
for appraisals had made it almost impossible to collect 
an account under any circumstances. 

A Cleveland merchant had a claim of seventy- 
five dollars against a resident of Middleburg. Being 
unable to collect it, he sued it, obtained a judgment 
and directed a Middleburg constable to sell the per- 
sonal pi-operty of the defendant. At the time fixed 
for the sale the Clevelander went out on horseback 
to attend it. By law the constable was authorized to 
appraise the property at what he might consider a 
reasonable price, and below which it could not be 
sold. When the creditor arrived, he found tiiat the 
complaisant official had appraised an old watch, worth 
about five dollars, at twenty dollars; a dog, probably 
worth five cents, at ten dollars; a lot of rails at ten 
cents each, and other things in proportion. Of 
course a sale was impossible, as no oiie would bid 
half of the appraised value, and the unlucky creditor 
returned ijome in disgust; the only result of the trip 
being that his liorse had torn off, on the corduroy 
which formed a large portion of the I'oad, three 
of the four new shoes which guai'ded his feet on 
starting. 

Among the various cessions of laud occurring in 
connection with the final settlement of the title to 
tiie Northwestern Territory, congress assigned fifty- 
six thousand acres in what was known as the Virginia 
Military District, for the benefit of the schools of the 
Western Reserve. In 1831, Harvey Rice, Esq., of 
Cleveland, was appointed an agent by the State to 
convert them into money. He opened an office at 
Millersburg, Holmes county, in the district in ques- 
tion, and in three years sold all the lands and paid 
into tlie treasury of the State about a Iiundred and 
fifty tliousand dollars, to be devoted to the exclusive 
purpose of educating the children of the Western Re- 
serve. 

By 1831, land liegan to rise throughout the country, 
in consequence of the stimulus supplied by internal 
imj)rovements, especially canals, which were being 
constructed in numerous localities. The rise was 
especially noticeable wherever it was supposed that a 
city might be constructed, and the point at the mouth 
of the Cuyahoga was not neglected. An association 
of Buffalonians, known as the Buffalo Company, 
bought a tract on the west side of the river, and soon 
afterwards "Ohio City" was laid out at that point. 
Farmers, too, began to think that they were to be- 



come wealthy by the rise of their land, and at every 
little village, especially along the canals and rivers, 
people began to discuss the probability of the con- 
struction of a large town there. 

In 1833, the Ohio canal was finished from Lake 
Erie to the Ohio river, and its commerce ra})idly in- 
creased to large proportions. In two years after its 
completion the freight carried upon it amounted to 
half a million bushels of wheat, a hundred thousand 
barrels of flour, a million pounds of butter and near 
seventy thousand pounds of cheese, with other things 
in proportion. Even this would not be considered 
very remarkable now, but at that time it made the 
people stare with wonder and filled their minds with 
hopes of unlimited riches. 

In 1834 a proposition was made to incorporate a 
city which should include both Cleveland and Ohio 
City, but the leading men on the two sides of the 
river were unable to agree on the terms of union or 
the boundaries, and the whole project fell through. 

In 1835 the first railroad, the Cleveland and New- 
burg, was incorporated in the count}'. It was built 
soon afterwards, and was operated for several years, 
tliongh only Ijy horse power ; being used for hauling 
stone and lumber, and occasionally for the carriage of 
passengers. The Cleveland and Bedford railroad was 
also incorporated the same year, but was never built. 

It will be seen that the first beginnings of railroad- 
ing in this region were very modest, and such were 
generally its characteristics throughout the country. 
People planned canals hundreds of miles in length, 
and constructed tiiem according to the plans, but 
railroads were awe-inspiring undertakings, and men 
usually built them from one village to the next one ; 
if that operation worked well tiiey extended the work 
to another village, and so on. But in this wide-awake 
region they soon grew more enterprising; as will 
speedily be seen. 

Another cautious attempt at railroading was made 
about the same time by constructing a tramway, with 
wooden rails and operated by horse-power, running 
from the public square at Cleveland uji Euclid street, 
(avenues were then unknown,) and out on the Euclid 
road, four miles, to the " Doan's Corners'' of tlie early 
settlers, which "high-toned" people then began to 
call " East Cleveland." 

But the tide of enterprise and even of reckless 
speculation was rapidly rising, and a much more am- 
bitious project, rather an exception to the usual rail- 
road enterprises of the day, was soon set on foot. 
Tliis was the '* Ohio Railroad," designed to run from 
the Pennsylvania line to Toledo, close along the lake 
shore ; a large part of it being intended to be on piles. 
Considerable work was done on it, but no iron was 
laid, and it was abandoned at the time of the great 
crash which will be mentioned a little farther on. Its 
corporate rights were transferred to the Junction Rail- 
road Company, and through it to the Cleveland and 
Toledo, and finally to the Lake Shore and Southern 
Michigan Company. 



PnOdRKSS, INFLATION AND "IIA1H3 TIMES. 



At the same prolific period a project was started for 
a railroad from Cleveland to Cincinnati. The late 
Hon. John Barr visiled Cincinnati, getting up [)eti- 
tioius in favor of the road, and also spent considerable 
lime at ('olunilnis. The legislature of 1830 readily 
granted a charter for the proj)osed road, and also one 
for the Cleveland, Warren and Pittsburg road, and 
Mr. Uarr brought the first copies of both charters to 
Cleveland. The last mentioned road was to run from 
Cleveland through Warren to the State line, connect- 
ing there with a road to Pittsburg, or to any other 
jjoint on the Ohio river. 

Its charter was extremely liberal, and is a good 
specimen of the kind of legislation prevalent in those 
halcyon days. It allowed the i)resident and directors 
to create and sell stock as in their judgment the occa- 
sion might require, without limit as to amount, except 
that it must not exceed the needs of the company. 
They had also full power to select a route, condemn 
land, occupy the road, and transport persons or prop- 
erty by steam, animal or other power. The projectors 
were as modest in the estimate of cost, however, as 
eciuld well be desired. They calculated the expense at 
seven thousand dollars per mile, though in fact it wiis 
more likely to have been twenty thousand. 

These were the celebrated "flush times; " the period 
when speculation raged more fiercely — when every 
one got richer on paper — than was ever the case in the 
United States either before or since. John Law's 
Mississippi scheme and South Sea bubble, as exploit- 
ed among the excitable French, could alone outdo the 
great land-speculation and business-sjiecnlation of 
1835, '30 and '37. 

The closing of the United States Hank had lieen 
followed by the chartering of an iniinense number of 
Slate banks, some of which had a small amount of 
ea|iilal, more of which had a still smaller amount, 
and most of which had substantially no capital at all. 
In the West and South t liis was peculiarly the case, 
lliough the F'iast was liy ini means free from it. Tlu^ 
pdnrer a region was the more banks it had. Their 
paper was accepted cvei-ywhere with the most sublime 
contidenee; private credit was almost unlimited, busi- 
ness was going ahead at a tremendous rati^, and evcry- 
liody was getting rich — in imagination — with unpar- 
alleled speed. Eras of inflation, somewhat similar in 
general eliai-aeter lo that one, have been known since 
then, but iiDiu' that apprnaeheil it in the degree of 
expansion. 

Of course any place marked out liy nature for the 
site of a great city was, with its vicinity, the scene of 
an especial energy of s|>ecnlation. The location at 
the nnnith "f the Cuyahoga was not only thus desig- 
nated b\ nal lire, but, by the construction of the canal, 
ha<l bi'eii uunle in the eyes of the public the future 
great city nf iKirthern ( Ihio. 

This was enough. It made no dilTerence to the 
speculators that northern Ohio could not then sustain 
a large city; that there was neither agriculture, nian- 
ufactures nor even eomuierce to produce such a re- 

10 



suit. Their own roseate hopes colored everything 
on which they looked, and they saw the few thou- 
sand jx'ople already there expanding to a hundred 
thousand with unspeakable rapidity; while stately 
churches, palatial residences and six-story business 
blocks should overshadow the turbid waters and 
adorn the rolling uplands of the Cuyahoga. Those 
of them who lived long did see all this, but not then. 

The climax of tlie speculation was in 183fJ. Not 
only in C!leveland, but to a less degree in every little 
village throughout the county, people expected to 
make their fortune by buying land, holding it a year 
or two, and selling it at ten or twenty times the pur- 
chase price; even the farmers were not free from the 
infection. Produce of every kind emulated the bal- 
loon-like tendency of real estate. The whole coun- 
try, (and especially the tract on the main line of com- 
munication between the East and the West, which 
then as now ran along the southern shore of Lake 
Erie), was in a ferment of unlimited money-iuakino- 
on paper, and debt-making in fact. 

In 1837 the crash came. The inllatiou by means of 
plentiful but baseless pajier money had been carried as 
far as it could, and the bubble burst. Nearly all the 
banks in the country speedily went down under the 
storm. Private credit was found ecjually valueless. 
The whole country staggered under the blow, but of 
course it was felt with the greatest severity in the 
West, where there was but little accumulated capital 
to withstand such a shock, and where the enthusiastic 
nature of the people had caused them to plunge most 
deeply into the tide of speculation. 

Nearly eveiy business man in Cuyahoga countv 
failed. All the great railroad enterprises of which 
we have spoken — the Ohio railroad, the Cleveland, 
Warren and Pittsburg road, and the Cleveland, 
Columbus and Cincinnati road — stopped as if smitten 
with paralysis, and not a stroke of work was done 
upon them fm- years afterward. Numerous buildings 
in town and country, in various stages of progress, 
stayed their upward course when the financial col- 
lapse palsied their owners' hands, and long remained, 
ab.-mdoned and unfinished, "the mournriil nmnu- 
luents of their intended greatness." 

The period was long afterward designated as jjar 
excellence "The Hard Times," and no one ever dis- 
puted the propriety of the appellation. Other times 
have been " hard," but, no others have approached in 
adamanliiie solidity the dreadful jn'riod from 1837 to 
IS-IO. 

Ouring the winter of 1837-8 there was great excite- 
ment- along the whole northern frontier in relation to 
what was known as the Patriot war — the effort of a 
snnill i)ortion of the Canadians to sever the Canadas 
from the mother country. The few " ])atriots "' 
depended i)rincipally on the assistance they received 
from sympathizers ou this side. On both the Niagara 
and the Detroit frontiers there was a good deal of 
mustering and nuirching, and a very little fighting, 
and even in this vicinity, uotwitiistanding the inter- 



74 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



vention of the lake, tliore were a good many efforts 
to afford aid to those whom a majority of onr people 
looked upon as battling in the cause of freedom. 
Henry H. Dodge, of Cleveland, was elected by the 
legislature major general of the ninth division of the 
Ohio militia, and especially charged with the main- 
tenance of order along the frontier. His delicate, if 
not ardnous, duties were discharged in a manner en- 
tirely satisfactory to both the governor of Ohio and 
the authorities of Canada. There being a sad lack 
of rebels in Canada, the rebellion was easily extin- 
guished in 1838, and amid more exciting events soon 
almost passed from the memory of tlic busy people on 
this side. 

Although, as before stated, the period from 1825, 
and in fact from 1815, down to 1837, was one of 
rapid development throughout the country, yet evi- 
dences were frequently seen that the wilderness was 
not yet quite numbered among the things of the past. 
Capt. Lewis Dibble, of Cleveland, mentions seeing a 
deer near where Willson avenue now is, in 1837, or 
later. Discovering the presence of man, he bounded 
away, sailed gracefully over the fences and dashed 
away into the woods. Still later, Capt. Dibble men- 
tions seeing deer feeding among the cows in Euclid. 
In the more retired townships, such as Middleburg, 
Olmstead, Solon, etc., not only deer but bears and 
wolves were still occasionally slain by adi'oit hunters. 



II A P T E R X I V. 

THE PEKIOD FKOM 1840 TO 1861. 

Beginning to recover— Anger at the Pai-ty in Power — Formation of 
Lake County — Its Area — The Water Part of Cuj-ahoga County — 
Population in 1840 — The Log-Cabin Campaign — A Fugitive Slave 
Case — Changes of Bounilary on the Line of Orange— Alfred Kelley — 
Railroad Talk revived- A Vote of Aid— The C. C. & C. Road reor- 
ganized — The Junction Railroad— The Toledo, Norwalk and Cleveland 
Road— Dark Pi'ospects — The Cleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula 
Road— Great Days for Steamboats— List of the Principal Steamers 
in 1850- Later Steamers — Propellers — Stage Coaches — End of the 
Hunting and Log-House Period — Population in 1850 — Opening the 
First Railroad — Other Enterprises go forward — Direct Trade with 
Europe— A Fleet from Cuyahoga County— American Skill— The Panic 
of 1857- The Census of 1800— Origin of the Celebration of Per. y's Vic- 
tory — The Contract— The Scidptor-Invitations— Governors Sprague 
and Dennison — Immense Crowds — The Military Companies — The Ora- 
toi-s of the Day — Distinguished Persons Pi-esent— The Monument and 
Statue — Masonic Ceremonies— The Mock Battle — The Military Review 
—The last great Peaceful Gathering— The Political Campaign— The 
Events of the Winter. 

By the spring of the year 1840 the people liegan to 
recover, though only slowly, from the disastrous finan- 
cial reverse of 1837. They were still sore and angry 
over the sudden collapse of the wind-inflated moun- 
tain of supposed wealth on which they had perched 
themselves, and were prepared to visit with condign 
punishment the Democratic party, under whose rule 
it had occurred; partly because that party was held 
responsible for the destruction of the old Uniteil 
States Bank and the chartering of so many worth- 
less State banks, and partly because the party in 



power is always condemned, on general principles, 
for whatever disasters may occur while it holds the 
reigns of government. 

On the 20th day of March, 1840, the county of 
Lake was formed, principally from Geauga county, 
but including the township of Chagrin, (now Wil- 
loughby,) in this county. This was an extraordinary 
example of the eagerness of at least a portion of the 
people for new counties and new offices. The consti- 
tution of the State required that every county should 
have an area of at least four hundred square miles. 
To give the proposed county of Lake such an extent, 
it was necessary not only to take Willoughby from 
Cuyahoga, but to estimate as a part of the constitu- 
tional area that part of the surface of Lake Erie lying 
between the water-front of Geauga county and the 
boundary between the United States and Canada. 
This was decided to be technically a part of Geauga 
county, and by that method the area of the county 
was inflated to the desired amount. 

So it will be remembered that Cuyahoga embraces, 
not only the tract of about four hundred and fifty 
square miles of land usually included within its lim- 
its, but another tract of not less than a thousand 
square miles of water, with all that lies above it and 
below it, as far as man can ascend or descend. 

By the census of 1840 the population of Cuyahoga 
was twenty-five thousand, five hundred and forty-two, 
divided among the various townships as follows: 
Cleveland, 7037; Mayfield, 852; Orange, 1114; Solon, 
774; Euclid, 1774; Warrensville, 1085; Bedford, 2021; 
Newburg, 1342; Independence, 754; Brecksville, 1124; 
Brooklyn, 1409; Parma, 0G5; Royalton, 1051; Rock- 
port, 1151; Middleburg, .331); Strongsville, 1151; Do- 
ver, l)(iO; Olmstead, 059. 

The summer and autumn of 1840 were long re- 
membered as the time of the celebrated "log-cabin" 
campaign in favor of General Harrison. The West- 
ern Reserve was one of the strongholds of Whiggery, 
and a very large majority of the voters of Cuyahoga 
county were enthusiastic supporters of Harrison. 
They joined witii immense zest in the numerous jubi- 
lant demonstrations characteristic of that campaign, 
and when the great celebration was held on the bat- 
tle field of Tippecanoe nearly half the men in the 
county turned out to attend it. So strong was the 
iwpular feeling, and so eager was the desire to see the 
celebration, that even the Democrats made the pil- 
grimage in organized bodies, sharing in the marches 
and maneuvers of their Whig brethren, but drawing 
aside and resuming their party fealty as they reap- 
proaehed their homes. Cuyahoga gave a large major- 
ity of her votes for General Harrison, wlio, as is well 
known, was triumphantly elected. 

The situation of Cleveland, as the principal port on 
the south shore of Lake Erie, made Cuyahoga county 
a natural resort for slaves seeking to escape from both 
Kentucky and Virginia. Down to 1841 slave owners 
were in the habit of sending their agents to Cleveland, 
who caused tho.se they accused of being runaways to 



TUE I'EIUOD FKOM 1840 TO 18(J1. 



75 



be arrested and takeu before a magistrate, wlien a war- 
rant was issued, almost as a matter of fonii, ami they 
were taken to the State of tlic claimanl. 

In the spring of 18-41 three negroes, supposed to 
have esca{)ed from New Orleans were found iu I5nf- 
falo, wheuee they were kidnajiped, brought to Cleve- 
land, arrested under the old law of the United States, 
and thrown into jail. Edward Wade and John A. 
Foot, two of the few Abolitionists in the city, applied 
for admission to see them and were refused. Thomas 
l>olton, (afterwards Judge Bolton,) a prominent law- 
yer, indignant at this violation of justice, made the 
same re(|uesl, and, not being an Abolitionist, was at 
once admitted. lie consuUed with the negroes, and 
announced his intention of defending them. So 
strong was the feeling against anything that could bo 
called Abolitionism that much indignation was cx- 
l)ressed against Mr. Colton in consc<iueuce, and there 
was even talk of tearing down his olKce. 

With undaunted firmneS'j, however, he persisted in 
his course, showed up the iniquity of the proceedings 
in relation to the kidnapj>ing, and procured the dis- 
charge of the negroes. The event had a great effect 
in breaking up the habit of sending off negroes with- 
out an investigation, and for twenty years no more 
slaves were taken back to the South from Cuyahoga 
county. 

On the 2!lth day of January, 1841, lots seventeen, 
eighteen and nineteen, in the southwest corner of the 
township of Russell, in (Jeauga county, were annexed 
to Orange, in this county; the object being to include 
the wiiole of the rising village of Chagrin Falls, which 
had previously been cut in two, almost in the center, 
l)y the county line. At the same time a strip ninety 
rods wide, lying along the north half of the oast line 
of Orange, was annexed to liussell as a compensation 
for the former transfer. On the 11th of January, 
1843, the strip just mentioned was reannexed to 
Orange, this being the last change in the much-dis- 
torted boundaries of Cuyahoga county. 

So iicavy were the burdens caused by unwise 
s])eculation and financial disaster, and so eager were 
ilemagogues, then as now, to seek [lopularity by 
plundering the public creditor, that tiiere was a strong 
feeling in the legislature of 184"-i in favor of repudi- 
ating the debt of the State. Me.mwhile an instal- 
ment of interest was coming due, and there was no 
money in tho treasury to pay it with. lion. Alfred 
Kelley, of Cleveland, who was then State; fund-commis- 
sioner, went to New York and raised half a million 
dollars on his own security, to meet the payment. 

For several years after tiie great crash of 1837 the 
jieople of Cuyahoga county were willing to plod 
along very quietly; only striving that if possible they 
might recover from that tremendous shock. But 
al)out 1844 they began to talk about railroads again. 
In that year Hon. John Barr wrote a sketch of Cleve- 
land and a description of its trade, for the Natioiial 
llcvit'w, i)ublished in New York. 

In 1845 Cleveland voted to loan its credit for two 



hundred thousand dollars, to aid in building a 
railroad to Cincinnati, and for one hundred thousand 
dollars to build one to Erie. The same year the 
charter of the Cleveland, Warren and Pittsburg road 
was revived; the directors being authorized to build 
it on the nearest and most practicable route from 
Cleveland to the Ohio river. 

The old, lapsed charter of the Cleveland, Colum- 
bus and Cincinnati project was also revived, and a 
new company was organized, with Hon. J. W. Allen, 
of Cleveland, as president, and Richard Uilliard, 
John M. Woolsey and H. B. Payne as the other 
Cleveland directors. The act reviving the charter 
contained a clause permitting the city of Cleveland 
to subscribe two million dollars to the stock of the 
company. This was promptly done, but private sub- 
scriptions were slow and few, and the prospects of 
the enterprise were not at all brilliant. 

In March, 1846, the Junction railroad company 
was incorporated, with an imaginary capital of three 
million dollars, and authorized to build a road from 
the Cleveland to the west line of the State, on such 
route iis might be chosen. 

About the same time the Toledo, Norwalk and 
Cleveland railroad company was incorporated, with 
authority to build a road from Toledo by Norwalk to 
connect with the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincin- 
nati road in either Huron or Lorain county. 

In 1847, so dark was the prospect that it was 
almost determined to abandon the Cleveland, Colum- 
bus and Cincinnati road for a time. Its friends, 
however, made a desperate rally; H. B. Payne and R. 
Uilliard volunteering to work three months for its 
interest. Tho late Leonard Case subscribed five hun- 
dred thousand dollars; sixty-five thousand dollars was 
obtained from other sources, and the friends of the 
road determined to stand by their colors. The next 
year a contract to build the road from Cleveland to 
Columbus was let to llarbeck. Stone and Witt; that 
being the largest contract which had then been made 
by any party or firm in the United States. 

The next year, 1848, an act was pa.ssed incorjwr- 
ating the Cleveland, Painesville and Ashtabula com- 
pany to build a road from Cleveland to the Pennsyl- 
yania line, and iu 1849 it was surveyed. 

Thus the county aiijiroaches the end of the first 
half of this century, with its inhabitants almost as 
excited as they were in the "flush times," though 
with a much more solid basis for their hopes. Four 
important railroads, intended to concentrate at Cleve- 
land and to traverse all parts of the county, were iu 
various stages of progress, but none were completed. 
Tills seems a proper time, therefore, to take a glance 
at the county as it was before the days of railroads. 

These were the great days of steandioats on the 
water and of stage coaches on land. From the time 
the ice w;us out of the lake in the spring till the time 
it came back in the autumn there was hardly an hour 
in which two or three stately white steamers, with 
their trailing crests of smoke, were not to be seen 



76 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



crossing bhe watery portion of Cuyahoga county. 
From the East to the West they went loaded with pas- 
sengers. From the West to the East they carried some 
passengers and some freight — tliough the time of car- 
rying hirge quantities of grain and otlier freight hy 
steamboat had not yet come. Western produce was 
generally carried east in sloops, schooners and brigs, 
the white sails of whicli were to be seen swelling 
gracefully before the wind, as the deeply laden hulls 
jiloughed through the waters of the county. 

Many of these steamers were of great size, and 
were fitted up with palatial magnificence. The fol- 
lowing is a list of the principal ones which were on 
Lake Erie in 1850, with the tonnage, origin and fate 
of each, taken substantially from a pamphlet called 
Marine History of the Luke Ports, published at De- 
troit in 1877: 

" De Witt Clinton," of four hundred and ninety- 
three tons; built at Iliinjn in ISIJil; sunk at Dunkirk 
in 1851. 

"Hliuois" (First), of seven hundred and fifty-five 
tons ; built at Detroit in 1837; lost on Lake Huron 
in 18C8. 

"Rochester," of four hundred and seventj'-two 
tons; built near Fairport in 1837; wrecked at Erie in 
1853 — seven lives lost. 

"Cleveland" (First), of five hundred and eighty 
tons ; built at Huron in 1837; burned at Tonawauda 
in 185-1. 

"Bunker Hill," of four hundred and fifty-seven 
tons, built at Black River in 1837; burned at Tona- 
wanda in 1857. 

"Anthony Wayne," of three hundred and ninety 
tons ; built at Perrysburg in 1837 ; exi^loded in 
1850. 

"Detroit," (Second), of three hundred and fifty 
tons; built at Newport in 1840; sunk in Saginaw bay 
in 1854. 

"Missouri," of six hundred and twelve tons; 
built at Erie in 1840; converted into a propeller barge 
in 1868. 

" Empire," of eleven hundred and tiiirty-six tons; 
built at Cleveland in 1844, lost on Long Point in 
1870. 

" New Orleans," of six hundred and ten tons; built 
at Detroit in 1844; lost at Thunder bay in 1853. 

"St. Louis," of six hundred and eighteen tons; 
built at Perrysburg in 1844; wrecked on Lake Erie 
in 1853. 

U. S. steamer " Michigan," of five hundred and 
eighty-three tons; built at Erie in 1844; wrecked. 

"Niagara" (Second), of ten hundred eighty-four 
tons; built at Buffalo in 1845; burned on Lake Michi- 
gan in 1856 — sixty lives lost. 

"<}. P. Griffitli,"^ five hundred and seven tons; 
built at Buffalo in 1845; burned on Lake Erie in 1850, 
with a loss of two hundred and fifty lives. 

"Albany," of six hundred and sixty-nine tons; 
luiilt at Detroit in 1846; wrecked at Presq' Isle, Lake 
Huron, in 1853. 



" Hendrick Hudson," of seven hundred and fifty- 
nine tons; built at Black river in 1846; liurned at 
Cleveland in 1860. 

" Louisiana," of nine hundred tons; built at Buffalo 
in 1846; wrecked at Port Burwell in 1854. 

"Saratoga," of eight hundi'ed tons, built at Cleve- 
land in 1846; wrecked at Port Burwell in 1854. 

" Canada," of eight hundred tons; built at Chiji- 
pewa in 184G; lost on Lake Michigan in 1855. 

" Baltic," of eight hundred and twenty-five tons; 
built at Buffalo in 1847; made a barge in 1863. 

" Sidtana," of eight hundred tons; built at Trenton 
in 1847; wrecked in 1858. 

"A. D. Patcliin," of eight hundred and seventy 
tons; built at Trenton in 1847; wrecked at Skillagalee 
in 1850. 

" BaUimore," of five hundred tons; built at Mon- 
roe in 1S47; wrecked at Sheboygan in 1855. 

" Diamond," of three hundred and thirty-six tons; 
built at Buffalo in 1847; broken u]) at Detroit in 
1S60. 

" Pacific," of five hundred tons; built at Newport 
in 1847; lost on Lake Michigan in 1867. 

"Ohio" (Second), of six hundred tons; built at 
Cleveland in 1847; dismantled at Erie in 185!). 

" Southerner," of five hundred tons; built at Tren- 
ton in 1847; wrecked on Lake Erie in 1863. 

"Arrow," of three hundred and fifty tons; built at 
Trenton in 1848; condemned in Green Bay in 1863. 

"Alabama," of six hundred tons; built at Detroit 
in 1848; sunk near Buffalo in 1854. 

" Franklin Moore," of three hundred tons; built at 
Newport in 1848; broken up in 1803. 

"J. D. Morton," of four hundred tons; l)uilt at 
Toledo in 1848; burned on St. Clair river in 1863. 

"Empire State," of seventeen hundred tons; buiP, at 
St. Clair in 1848; made a dry dock at Buffalo in 1858. 

" Queen City," of a thousand tons; built at Buffalo 
in 1858; lost on Lake Huron in 1866. 

" Globe," of twelve hundred tons; buill at Detroit in 
1848; converted into a propeller. 

"Charter," of three hnndredand fifty tons; built at 
Detroit in 1848; lost on Lake Erie in 1854. 

"John Hollister," of three hundred tons; built at 
Perrysburg in 1848; burned on Lake Erie; rebuilt, 
and lost on Lake Huron. 

" Atlantic," of eleven hundred tons; built at New- 
port in 1849; sunk at Long Point — a hundred and 
fifty lives lost. 

" Mayflower," of thirteen hundred tons; built at De- 
troit in 1849; wrecked at Point an Pelee in 1854. 

" Keystone State," built at Buffalo inl849; sunk in 
Saginaw bay in 1861 — thirty-three lives lost. 

We have included in the above list none of less than 
three hundred tons. Thus it will be seen that, aside 
from numerous smaller ones, there was in 1850 a fleet 
of thirty-nine steamers afloat on Lake Erie, ranging 
from those of three hundred tons up to the great 
leviathan "Empire State," of seventeen hundred 
tons. 



THE I'KlilOl) FROM 1840 TO ISO] 



77 



Gay times were those. The stoiimboat, in good 
weather, was as provocative of sociability as the stage- 
coach, and furnished a great deal mure enjoyment. 
Tiie lake steamer was devoid of the monotony of the 
(leeaii vessel, and a voyage of from two days to a 
week, through changing lakes, and rivers, and straits, 
witli all the splendid accessories of the model lake 
steamer, l>y passengers excited with the hope of 
western fortunes, or joyous over their return to 
eastern homes, was an event long to hv. remembered 
on the calendar of pleasure. 

Hut, there was another and much darkerside to the 
picture. Out of the thirty-nine steamers above nu'u- 
lioued, no less than thirty closed their career by be- 
ing burned or wrecked. To be sure many of them 
sailed ten or fifteen years, and made hundreds of 
vovages before being lost, but the disaster, when it 
eanic, was sometimes appalling. The two hundred 
ami fifty lives lost on the " G. P. Griitith," and the 
four hundred lost on the " Lady Elgin," furnished 
the most terrible but not the only examples of the 
dangers of lake navigation. 

We have called especial attention to the Heel alloat 
in ISotl, because that was the iu<jst brilliant period of 
lake navigation, which began to decline soon after the 
completion of railroad communication between the 
East and the West; but there was a large number of 
steamers (not usually very large ones) which had gone 
out of service before that time, besides many, both 
large and splendid, which were put in commission at 
a later period. 

Among the most important of the latter were the 
"Arctic," of eight liundred and fifty-sevt'n tons; the 
" Buckeye State," of twelve hundred ami seventy-f(jur 
tons; the "Northerner," of five hundred and fourteen 
tons; the "Minnesota," of seven hundred and forty- 
nine tons; the " Ijady Elgin," of a thousand and tliir- 
tv-sevcn tons; the " Iowa," of nine hundred and 
eighty-one tons; the " Cleveland," (second) of five 
hundred and seventy-four tons; the "Golden Gate," 
of seven luiiulred and seventy-one tons; the " Ti'av- 
eler," of six hundred and three tons; the "Michigan," 
(seconil) of six hundred and forty-three Inns; the 
"Crescent City," of seventeen hundred and forty 
tons; Ihe "Queen of the West, "of eighteen hundred 
and forty-one tons; the "St. Lawrence," of eighteen 
hundred and forty-four tons; the " E. II. Collins," of 
nine hiiudredand fifty tons; the "Northern Indiana," 
of fourteen hundred and seventy tons; the "South- 
ern Michigan," of fourteen hundred and seventy tons; 
the " Forester," of five liundred and four tons; the 
" Plymouth Rock." of nineteen hundred and ninety- 
one tons; the " Western World " of a thousand tons; 
the " North Star " of eleven hundred and six tons; 
the " Illinois " (second) of eight hundred and tvven- 
ly-six tons; the "Planet" of eleven hundred and 
sixty-four tons; the " W^estern Metropolis " of eight- 
een hundred and sixty tons; the "City of Buffalo " of 
two thousand tons; the " City of Cleveland" of seven 
hundred and eighty-eight tons; the "Sea Bird" of 



six hundred and thirty-eight tons; the "Detroit" of 
eleven hundred and thirteen tons; the "Milwaukee" 
of eleven hundred and thirteen tons. 

This list includes the steamers of over five hundred 
tons put in commission before 1801. The large size 
of many of them does not contradict, but rather cor- 
roborates, our ju-evious statement that steamboating 
began to decline soon after the completion of railroad 
communication between the East and West; for, of 
the very large ones, all which were not destroyed were 
disnuuitlcd, or changed into vessels of other descrip- 
tions, after only a few years' service. 

Propellers had come into use on the lakes as early 
as 1842, but for several years they made but little dis- 
play in comparison with the magnificent side- wheel 
steamers. As the latter, however, were superseded by 
the railroads as carriers of passengers, the propellers 
came to the front as carriers of grain; taking the lead 
of the steamers in that occupation, and rivaling botii 
the sail vessels and the railroad. 

Returning to the land part of Cuyahoga county in 
18.50, we find the i>eo|)le all alive with business and 
confident of future greatness. When the steamboats 
were not running, the stages on the lake shore road 
were loaded and doubly loaded with passengci-s; three, 
four, aiul even five coaches often passing over the 
route each way in a single day. The vehicles of the 
line running over the great turniiike through Brook- 
lyn, Parma and Strongsville to Columbus were simi- 
larly crowded in both summer and winter, while those 
on other routes through the country were only loss 
heavily loaded. 

The close of the last half of this century may be 
regarded as marking the distinction between the old 
and the new in this county. The wolves and the 
bears had already become extinct, and about this per- 
iod the last of the deer disajipeared l)L'fore the ad- 
vance of civilization. Certainly they did not wait to 
hear more than one or two shrieks of the locomotive. 
To an old pioneer, with a taste for hunting, Cuyahoga 
county with no deer in iL musl, have seamed like a, new 
and undesirable world. 

At this pariod, too, nearly the last of the log houses 
which had sheltered the pioneers gave way to the 
more comfortable frame residences of the farmers and 
the brick mansions of the thriving citizens. Twenty 
years before, in at least half of the townships, log 
houses had been the rule aiul framed ones the excep- 
tion. The fornur had gradually bjen given up, and 
in 1850 could only be found in some very secluded lo- 
cality. In such })laces, even yet, one may now and 
then be seen, a striking memento of the pioneer days 
of sixty years ago. 

By the census of 18.50, the papulation of the county 
was forty-eight thousand ami ninety-nine, distributed 
as follows: Cleveland. 17,034; Bedford, 1,853; Brecks- 
villc, 1,UC; Brooklyn, 0,375; Chagrin Falls, 1,'^50; 
Dover, 1,103; East Cleveland, 2,313; Euclid, 1,447; 
Independence, 1,485; Maylield, 1,117; Middleburg, 
1,490; Newburg, 1,542; Olmstead, 1,210; Orange, 



78 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



1,0G3; Parma, 1,339; Rockport, 1,441; Royalton, 
1,253; Solon, 1,034; Strougsville, 1,1'J9; Wiii-rens- 
ville, 1,410. 

On the very tliresliold of the second lialf of the 
century, Cuyahoga county received the benefits, more 
or less, of railway communication; being one of tlie 
very first counties in the West to be invaded of the 
iron conqueror. On tiie 1st day of February, 1851, a 
train came through from Columbus over the (Cleve- 
land, Columbus and Cincinnati road, bearing tlie 
State authorities and the members of the legislature, 
when of course a grand jollification was held. On the 
2'ind of the same month tlie road was formally 
opened for business. The Cleveland and Pittsburg 
road was completed forty miles the same month, tak- 
ing it outside the bounds of the county. 

Tlic other enterprises before mentioned went for- 
ward as rapidly as could be expected. The Cleveland 
and Pittsburg road, and the Cleveland, Painesville 
and Ashtabula road (from Cleveland to Erie) were 
opened for through business in 1852. The Toledo, 
Norwalk and Cleveland railroad was completed in 
.January, 1853; forming the last link in the chain of 
railways between Boston and Chicago. The Cleve- 
land. Painesville and Ashtabula road was at first run 
in connection with the Cleveland, Columbus and 
Cincinnati road, but in 1855 its management was 
separated from that of the latter, and the former 
naturally fell into close relations with the other roads 
forming the great line along the lake shore commiiui- 
cation from the East to the West. 

In the latter part of this decade a new communica- 
tion was opened between Cuyahoga county and the 
outer world. It originated in a schooner called the 
" Dean," built by Qn lyle and Martin, of Cleveland, 
for C. J. Kershaw, of Chicago. It was loaded at the 
latter post and sent direct to Liverpool (by way of the 
Welland canal and the St. Lawrence river) where this 
stranger from the Far West naturally created much 
surprise. It was sold there. The ne.xt year the 
barque "' C. J. Kershaw " was constructed by the 
same builders, and sent to Liverpool by D. C. Pierce, 
loaded with staves and lumber; coming back with 
crockery and iron. 

Direct trade between Chicago and Liver[)ool soon 
f tiled, but in 1858 a fleet of no less than ten vessels 
was sent fiom Cleveland to Euroi)e. It consisted of 
the"D. C. Pierce," sent to Liverpool by Pierce & 
Barney; the " Kershaw," "Chieftain" and " Black 
Hawk," sent to London by the same parties; the " II. 
II. Harmon," sent to Liverpool by T. P. Handy; 
the " D. W. Sexton," sent to London, and the "J. 
F. Warner" to Glasgow, b:)th by Mr. Handy; the 
" H. E. riowe," to Liverpool, by II. E. Howe; the 
" Correspondent." to Liveri)j-)1, by N. M. Standart; 
and the "Harvest," to Hamburg, by C. Reis. All 
were loaded with staves and lumber ; their total 
capacity being three thousand six hundred tons. The 
cargoes of all were sold to good advantage, and six 



returned successfully with cargoes of crockery, iron 
and salt. 

Some of these vrssels attracted es])eeial attention 
when thrown among a lot of English ships which 
were wind-bound at Land's End. The latter were 
entirely unable to beat around the point, but the 
American vessels, by their sujjerior sailing qualities, 
were able to run close to the wind, unload, reload, 
and sail on another voyage before one of the others 
could make its way around the " End." 

Direct trade with Europe jironiised to be an im- 
portant part of the commerce of the country, but it 
was driven by the rebellion into English hands. 

In 1858 it was found that the brick court-house, 
built thirty years before, was entirely inade(inate to 
the rising business of the county, and it was not 
thought desirable any longer to incumber the public 
square of Cleveland with county buildings. Accord- 
ingly, in that year, a substantial stone edifice, of two 
stories, was erected on ground on the north side of 
Rockwell street, facing the northwest corner of the 
S(|uare. 

The panic of 1857 had liad a depressing Intlnence 
upou Cuyahoga county, as ujion the rest of the conn- 
try, but it was so light in comparison with the finan- 
cial earthquake of 1837 that old stagers did not con- 
sider it as a very serions matter. By 1860 all busi- 
ness interests were in the way of rapid recovery. 

By the census of that year the population of the 
county was seventy-seven thousand two hundred and 
six, of whom forty-three thousand four hundred and 
seventeen were in the city of Cleveland, while the re- 
mainder occupied the various townships in the fol- 
lowing numbers: Bedford, 1,098; Brecksville, 1,024; 
Brooklyn, 5,358; Chagrin Falls, 1,479; Dover, 1,284; 
East Cleveland, 3,011; Euclid, 1,709; Independence, 
1,003; Mayfield, 1,079; Middleburg, 2,592; Newburg, 
2.810; Olmstead, 1,410; Orange, 1,095; Parma, 1,480; 
Rockport, 1,793; Royalton, 1,397; Solon, 1,1109; 
Strongsville, 958; Warrensville, 1,554. 

xVmong the events of the year the most interesting 
was the celebration of the anniversary of Perry's vic- 
tory, and the erection of a monument to that hero. 
The idea originated with Hon. Harvey Rice, who in 
troduced a series of resolutions to tliat effect in June, 
1857, into the City Council of Cleveland, which unaii- 
imonslyadopted them. A committee of five members 
of the Council was authorized to contract for the 
erection of the monument, and to solicit subscrip- 
tions to meet the exjjense; it consisted of Harvey 
Rice, chairman; 0. M. Oviatt, J. M. Coffinberry, J. 
Kirkpati'ick, and C. D. Williams. 

In the aniumn the committee contracted with T. 
-Jones and Sons, proprietors of marble works at Cleve- 
land, who agreed to provide all materials and erect a 
monument surmounted with a statue of Perry, in the 
best style of the sculptor's art, subject to the a]q)roval 
of the committee, in time for the celebration on the 
tenth of Sei)tember, 1800. The price was to be six 
thousand dollars, if so much could be obtained bj 




^^^..wc::^. 



THE PEUIOJ) Fi;(»M 1840 TO ISfil. 



79 



sul).scrii>tion from the citizens of Cleveland, as to 
wliifli tlie contractors took all the risk. 

After corresponding with various artists, Messrs. 
.lones and Sons procured the services of Mr. William 
Walcutt as the sculptor of the statue. A hlock of 
rough Carrara marble was imported from Italy, and 
(he entire work of shaping the statue was performed 
ill the studio of Messrs. Jones and Sons at Cleveland. 
On account of the increiused cost of the monument, 
as linallv apjirovcMl, the contract price was increased 
to eigiit thousMud dollars — always provided it could 
!)(' obtained ijy subscription. 

The work went forward, and in the forepart of 
lS(iO the council sent out a larger number of invita- 
tions to the approaching fete. These included the 
son, daughter and other relatives of Commodore 
I'eirv; all the survivors of the battle, the governoi-. 
State officers, etc., of Oiiio, the governor. State otliccrs 
and legislature of Rhode Island (the State of Perry's 
residence), and numerous distinguished individuals 
throughout the country. It was determined to locate 
the monument in the center of the public S(|uare, at 
(Mcvehmd. 

The celebration was fixed for Monday, the lOtli of 
September, 18(10. On Saturday, the 8th, Governor 
Spragne, of Riiode Island, witii his staff, the State 
officers and many members of the legislature of that 
State, and the Providence Light Infantry, arrived at 
Cleveland; being received with a speech of welcome 
by (iovernor Dennison, of Ohio, who was already in 
tile city. Immense crowds of people also came by all 
the railroails, so as to be ready for the celebration on 
Monday. Thousands upon thousands also came by 
teams on Saturday and Sunday, from all the country 
round. 

During Monday forenoon every railroad brought an 
almost continuous succession of trains; all the cars 
Ijeing loaded with people, inside and out. After 
careful comp'utation it was estimated l)y caiitimis ;ind 
experienced men that at least one hundred Ihniisand 
visitors wrvr in the city during the aftermidii of 
.Monihiy. 

The procession was of great length; General J. W. 
Fiteh being marshal of the day. It was headed by 
eighteen companies of uniformed militia, of wiiich 
the folowing were of this county: Cleveland Light 
Artillery regiment, under Colonel Janu-s Harnett and 
Lieutenant Colonel S. li. Sturges, consisting of eom- 
l)anies A, B, 1) and E, commanded respectively by 
(Japtains Simmons, Mack, Rice and Heckiran; the 
l>rooklyn Light Artillery under Captain Pelton; the 
(nevoland fjight Dragoons, under Captain Ilaltnorth: 
the Cleveland Grays, under Captain Paddock; the 
Clevelanil Light Guards, under Captain Sanford. 

The military was followed by Govs. Dennison and 
Spragne and their staffs ; the guests from iJliodc 
Island; the mayor and common council of Cleveland; 
Messrs. Jones and Sons, contractors ; otHcers and 
soldiers of the war of 1813; survivors of the battle of 
Ijake Krie; descendants and relatives of Commodore 



Perry; William Walcutt, the sculptor; George Ban- 
croft and Dr. Usher Parsons (surgeon in the battle,) 
orators of the day; and the judges and clergy of the 
vicinitv. Following these came a very large number 
of the Masons of northern Ohio and neighboring 
States, marshaled by their respective officers; the In- 
dei)ondent Order of Odd Fellows; and a long array of 
citizens and strangers. 

Among the distinguished persons present, besides 
those already named, were Oliver Hazard Perry, the 
son of the Commodore; Rev. Dr. G. B. Perry, a rel- 
ative of the commodore, and chaplain of the day; 
Commodore Steiihen Champlin, a cousin of Perry, 
Mild commander of the " Scorpion " in the battle; and 
Capt. Thomas Brownell, jiilot of the "Ariel." 

The monument and statue had been set up in the 
piililic square, which since that time, and in honor of 
the occasion, has been called Monumental Park.* The 
services were held there; the statue Ijeiug unveiled by 
the scul^itor. The pedestal is of Rhode Island granite, 
twelve feet high, while the statue, of Italian marble, 
is eight feet two inches in liight. Of course it faces 
the lake which was the scene of the great victory. 
On the lake front of the monnment is a representa- 
tion, in fiUn rclicro, of the celebrated scene when the 
hero passed amid a shower of bullets from the deck 
of the stricken "Lawrence" to that of the "Niag- 
ai'a." The statue itself is very spirited in design and 
execution, and, while we do not feel competent to 
speak of those technical points which a sculptor would 
observe, yet we can truly say that not only was it 
highly satisfactory to those who knew the commodore, 
as a piece of life-like portraiture, but it is in exact 
harmony with all American traditions regarding the 
brave, handsome, dashing, liigh-spirited victor of 
the battle of Lake Fa-'ic. Since the ce'ebration two 
smaller figures by the same artist, a " Sailor Boy "' 
and a "Midshipman," have been placed on the nionu- 
iiiiMit, on either side of the chieftain. 

George Bancroft, the distinguished historian, de- 
livered the principal address, and Dr. Usher Parsons 
narrated the events of the battle, as they came under 
his (ibscrvatidu. The proceedings at the square were 
closed bv the imiiressive ceremonies of the Masonic 
or<ler. 

One of the most interesting events of the day, to 
the jieople nt large, was the mock battle ou the lake, 
which followed the ceremonies at the s<piaie, in which 
the two llects which had met in deadly combat forty- 
seven years before, were faithfully reproduced by 
vessels of similar size, an<l in which, after a furious 
cannonade and the representation of the jirincipal 
incidents of the real combiil,, the British ships, one 
after the other, struck their colors to the victorious 
.Xmcricans. 

The following day the military companies present 
held a grand parade, and were reviewed by Governors 



* As iiiivst of our readers are prohalily aware, the monument has been 
moved iliiriiii; the present season to a point nearer the southeast comer 
of file park 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CITYAIIOGA COUNTY. 



Dennison and Spnigne. This closed by far the great- 
est and most interesting celeliration tliat Cuyahoga 
county had ever seen. 

We have described it at considerable lengtli, for it 
was not only a brilliant event of itself but it was the 
most striking occurrence in this county, during the 
last year of peace. The patriotic memories of the 
past were insufficient to restrain the madness of the 
of the slave-propagandists, and when next the streets 
of Cleveland resounded with tlie tread of hurrying 
crowds, there was no mock battle in prospect. 

The political campaign, which was in progress 
when the groat celeln-ation took place, resulted, as is 
well known, in the triumph of the Republican party, 
and the election of Abraham Lincoln to the presi- 
dency. It is needless here to recount at lengtli how 
this manifestation of the people's will was made an 
excuse for rebellion by the slave-holders of the South ; 
how State after State abandoned its allegiance, and 
how the coming of spring found a Southern Con- 
federacy already organized and armed, in defiance of 
the authority of the republic for which Perry fougjit. 

Here, as elsewhere throughout the North, men 
looked on in amazement at this disloyal madness, and 
it was not until the blow actually fell upon the walls 
of Sumter that thoy coukl bring themselves to believe 
in the reality (if such senseless infamy. 



CHAP T E R XV. 

DURINU AND SINCE THE W^AR. 

The Uprising of the I'eopie— Camp Taylor— Our Plan of Showing Ser- 
vices of Soldiers — Lists of Soldiers — The Ladies' Meeting — Permanent 
Organization —Co-operation with other Societies— Dr. Newberry — The 
Soldiers' Aid Society of Northern Ohio— Numerous Subordinates- 
Fort Donelsou— Pittsburg Landing— The Territory Tributary to the 
Society— No Slate Lines— Pressed for Means— A Gift of Ten Thousand 
Dollars — " Soldiers' Acres" aud "Onion Leagues " — The Northern Ohio 
Sanitary Fair— lis Success— Immense Returns — Other Labors — A 
Threatened Draft Riot- Dispersal of the Mob -The "Squirrel Hunters" 
— Cuyahoga Governors— Tod and Brough — Briiugh's Exertions in 
ISIU— The Cleveland and Mahoning Railroad — The Soldiers become 
Men of Peace — Prof. Newberry— The Census of 1870- The Crisis of 
1.S73— The Fourth Court-House— The Jail— Conclusion. 

On the 14th of April, ISGl, the storm burst. The 
Cleveland papers of the next morning contained a full 
account of the assault upon Sumter. As the High- 
landers of three centuries ago sprang to arms when 
the fiery cross was sent among them by their chief- 
tains, thus, and almost as swiftly, responded the men 
of the Nortli wlien the daily newspapers told the story 
of their country's danger. Tiie sons of Cuyahoga 
county were ready with the foremost. From the stores 
and offices of the city, from the shops of the villages, 
from the farms of the country, tiiey came forward to 
do battle for the integrity of the nation. The 
Cleveland Grays and Company D of the Cleveland 
Light Artillery were two of the very first companies 
to take the field for three months, to give an oppor- 
tunity for tlic organization of a permanent force. 

On the 33d of April Camp Taylor was established at 
Cleveland by the governor, and made the rendezvous 



of the volunteers from northern Ohio. By the 27th 
of the same mouth several thousand men were in 
camp, coming from nearly all the counties of the 
section named. Cuyahoga county furnished tiiree 
companies, and parts of several others, who became 
members of the Seventh infantry. 

In order to give even an idea of the services of the 
soldiers of Cuyahoga county during the war, we find 
it necessai-y to furnish a separate sketch of each 
regiment and battery in which it were represented. 
As Cuyahoga had soldiers in no less than sixty-two 
regiments of infantry and cavalry, and seventeen 
batteries of artillery, many of the.se sketches must of 
necessity be exceedingly brief. Their size is made 
proportionate, so far as j'ossible, to the number of 
men from this county in each organization, and to 
the amount of service rendered. 

Each sketch of a regiment or battery is followed 
by a list of the soldiers serving in it who were residents 
of this county at the time of the war, with a state- 
ment of their respective enlistments, promotions, 
discharges, etc. These have been compiled with 
great care from the records in the adjutant-general's 
office at Columbus, and are perfect transcrijits from 
thein. It is possible that there may lie defects in the 
rolls in the adjutant-general's office, either from the 
soldier's giving the wrong residence, or from acci- 
dental causes, but this we cannot avoid. 

So far as the historical sketches are concerned, we 
have depended largely on Reid's " Ohio in the War," 
the correctness of which we find to be endorsed by 
all the Ohio soldiers who have examined it and whom 
we have talked with on the suliject. In regard, how- 
ever, to those regiments which are largely represented 
from this county, wc have taken pains to consult 
with surviving members and obtain from them an 
account, not only of the principal services of each 
command, but of some of the numerous incidents 
which lend variety to the story of life in the field. 
When regimental or liattery histories have been pub- 
lished, these have been the principal sources of in- 
formation. 

These historical sketches, each with its accompanying 
list of soldiers from Cuyahoga county, follow immedi- 
ately after this chapter; being arranged according to 
tlie regimental or liattery number in, successively, the 
infantry, cavalry and artillery arms of the .service. 

The people warmly sustained the efforts of their 
gallant soldier,-;, aud the ladies were especially zealous 
in doing so. On tlie 30th of April, five days after 
the President's first call for troops, the ladies of 
(lleveland as.sembled for the purpose of offering wiiat- 
ever aid they could give, though as to what it would 
be they, like every one else, were profoundly ignorant. 
For a few days the more active scraped lint and made 
bandages, and made "raids"' on the people to obtain 
blankets for new volunteers, as yet unjirovided with 
those necessary articles. 

In a short time the Ladies' Aid Society of Cleve- 
land was permanently organized. As this soon be- 



HIKING AND SINCE THE WAK. 



81 



came the hejid of Uie various movcincuts in northern 
(Hiio in aid of tlic soldiers, and in six or seven months 
iissuined the name of the SoUlicrs' Aid Society of 
Nortlierii Ohio, it slioiUd properly be considered as 
an institution of a j,'eneral character, and some of its 
acts should be narrated in the general history of the 
county. The fii'st permanent otlicc^'s were Mrs. 15. 
House, president; Mrs. .John Shelley and Mrs. Wm. 
Mclheich, vice j)residents; Mary ("lark Brayton, sec- 
retary; and Ellen F. Terry, treasurer. In the sprin<j 
of I,S(!;5, Mrs. Lewis Burton hocanie vice president; 
Mrs. SlielU'y having removed from the county. The 
.secretary and treasurer served faithfully throughout 
the war, and have since ptii)lishe(l a handsome and 
interesting book on tiie workings of the society, en- 
titled " Our Acre and its Harvest,"" from which we 
have derived the items given here. 

The leaders of the Cleveland society speedily in- 
vited the co-operation of the smaller places, sending 
out an immense number of circulars to clergymen, 
prominent citizens, ladies, etc. Numerous societies 
were soon organized in nearly all the townships of this 
county and the adjoining counties; some being start- 
ed inde])endeutly and some on account of the sug- 
gestions of the Cleveland organization, but almost all 
being soon drawn into alliliatiou with it; being. con- 
vinced that they could l)est attain tlicir object by act- 
ing in subordination to it. 

In September, 18C1, Dr. J. S. Newberry, of Cleve- 
land, was made secretary of the Western department 
of the United States Sanitary Commission, and 
thenceforth had general supervision of the affairs of 
that association in the valley of tlie Mississippi. In 
the following mouth the Cleveland Aid Society was 
made a corresponding branch of the United States 
Sanitary Commission. On the ;50th of November, 
ISdl, its name was changed to the Soldiers' Aid 
Society of Northern Ohio, as already mentioned. 
Tlicnccriiith its acts and fanie were national rather 
than liical. Its benevolence was not even bounded by 
State lines, but extended to all who wure the Unnm 
blue. 

At the time of the change of name just noted, the 
society was receiving contributions from two hundred 
and forty-three towns of northern Ohio, of which a 
linndred and twenty had branch organizations. Find- 
ing that steady contributions were necessary, rather 
I ban si>asmodic efforts, the Aid Society prevailed on 
a large number of citizens to make pledges of small, 
regular amounts weekly, on which the oflicers couhl 
rely to supply increasing needs. 

After the capture of Fort Donelson, a thousand sets 
of lios|)it,al clothing and a hundred and sixty boxes of 
supplies were sent forwanl. But it wjis after the bat- 
tie of Pittsburg I>anding that the greatest excitement 
prevailed. Nearly every regiment from the Western 
Ueservc was present, hundreds of men from Cuya- 
hoga county were among the killed and wounded, 
and the wliole community felt the shock. Thou- 
sands of conti'ibutions of every descripiiim Howcd in 



upon the ladies of the society, by whom they were 
forwarded to the sulTering soldiers. 

By the first of July, 1803, there were three huudicd 
and twenty-five societies organized as branches of the 
Soldiers' Aid Society of Northern Ohio. These 
associations collected funds and su|)plies in their own 
way, receiving suggestions from the Northern Ohio 
Society as to what was best to be done. The suj)- 
l)lies were then forwarded to the latter association 
which sent, them to whatever points they were most 
needed. The officers of the Northern Ohio Society 
refused to rcu-eive money from any of the snl)ordinale 
organizations; thinking it bettei" that it should be in- 
vested in material, prepare<l for use by the members 
of the various associations at home, and then for- 
warded by means of t,he facilities which the Noi-thern 
Ohio Society could furnish. There were tributary to 
it at this period, and during the latter jiart of the 
wasr, nearly all the societies in the counties of Trum- 
bull, Ashtabula, Mahoning, Columbiana, Carroll, 
Stark, Tusacarawas, Portage, Oeauga, T^iake. Summit. 
Wayne, Holmes, Ashland, liorain, Huron, Krie, Me- 
dina and Cn3'alioga; besides a small part of North- 
western Pennsylvania. 

A list of contributions was published weekly in the 
Cleveland llrrtdd. The ladies also availed themselves 
of the olTer made by Mr. Edwin Cowles of the use of 
two columns weekly of the Clevelnnd Leader, for such 
use as they might find necessary. It will be remem- 
bered that the society was not only a sort of general 
agency for all northern Ohio, but was also the di- 
rect agent for all Cleveland contributions. It were 
impossible to tell the story of a hundredth part of 
the services performed by it; of delicacies of all kinds 
sent to the wounded and the sick; of clothing and 
bed furniture supplied to hospitals; of friends fur- 
nished with information; these and hundreds of sim- 
ilar services were performed day after day, month 
after month, year after year, from the beginning to 
the end of the war, for soldiers of every State from 
Maine to Kan.sas; alike for the stalwart heroes of 
Minnesota and the persecuted Unionists of Tennessee. 

In the winter of 18G2-3 the soc-iety had over foui- 
hundred branches. Yet money and contributions 
then came in slowly, for taxes were heavy, prices of 
all kinds were high, and the exertions of the last two 
years had told seriously on the resources of the jieople. 
It was aided by lectures by the celebrated Eliliu Bur- 
ritt, and by the scarcely less celebrated Artemus 
Ward (whilom a resident of Cleveland under the 
name of Charles F. Urown). and ere long it received 
a gift of ten thousand ihdlars, part of a large dona- 
tion from California. 'J'his seemed then like a very 
large amount, l)eing accepted only in instalments, 
and previous etTorts to .><ccure a permanent supply 
being steadily continued. 

At this time there was a cry for more vegetables, 
on the ground that scurvy was appearing in the army. 
The Northern Ohio Society promptly forwarded 
large ([uantities of potatoe.s and onions, and at the 



83 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



same time endeavored to enlist the people within its 
influence in providing for a permanent supply of 
those and similar articles. Many farmers set aside a 
"soldier's acre" for this purpose in the spring, and 
even the children parodied the " Union leagues " of 
the day with " Onion leagues," which cultivated beds 
of that useful vegetable for the benefit of the nation's 
defenders. 

In February, 1804, the Northern Ohio Sanitary 
Fair was organized under the management of the 
association; an immense frame structure being built 
in the center of Monumental Park, at Cleveland, 
over Perry's statue, at a cost of ten thousand dollars. 
As this was half as much as the gross receipts of any 
sanitary fair yet organized, it was deemed a very haz- 
ardous expenditure. The fair was inaugurated on the 
twenty-second of February, and after a most brilliant 
display and numerous successful entertainments it 
was found that the gross receipts were a trifle over a 
hundred thousand dollars, while the expenses were 
but about twenty-one thousand dollars. The sub- 
stantial surplus thus acquired enabled the ladies of 
the association to extend their ojierations, .and to 
supply a much larger number of sick and wounded 
soldiers than before with comforts and delicacies, 
which in some degree mitigated their sufferings. 

The labors of the association were continued to the 
end of the war, iind even after its close thousands of 
invalid soldiers received its aid, while the families of 
the dead were assisted in the procurement of pen- 
sions, and in numerous other ways. 

We have spoken at some length (considering the 
many subjects requiring mention in such a book as 
this) of the association and its work; for during those 
fateful years it was really one of the great institutions 
of Cuyahoga county, and was also a faithful exponent 
of the feelings of tlic people. 

Nearly all the quotas called for from the county 
were filled by volunteering. A draft was ordered, 
however, in September, 18G3, to fill some vacancies, 
and at one time serious trouble seemed imminent. 
A mob of five hundred or six hundred persons, armed 
with clubs, pistols, etc., surrounded the office of Hon. 
Harvey Rice, commissioner of the draft, on account 
of imaginary unfairness in its management. Meeting 
them firmly, he sent to Camp Cleveland, on Wood- 
land Hights, for military aid. Shields' Nineteenth 
battery, just organized, was there, awaiting orders 
to go to the front. They were armed with venei'ablc 
Austrian muskets, and with an old six-pounder used 
to fire salutes with. 

They came hastily down; tlieir muskets being loaded 
with ball cartridge, and their solitary cannon half 
filled with a miscellaneous assortment of nails, scrap 
iron, bullets and other death-dealing missiles. Wlien 
the mob made some extra violent demonstrations, the 
command, acting as infantry, charged bayonet and 
drove them from the stpiare, but, fortunately for both 
parties, was not called on to fire the miscellaneous 
load out of the cannon. Mr. Rice then permitted 



the people to send in a committee to examine the 
operations of the office, who found that every thing 
was conducted with the utmost fairness. This was 
the only serious attempt at rioting, or opposition to 
the law, made during the war, in Cuyahoga county. 

Besides the numerous organizations mentioned in 
the following chapters, when the State was threiitcned 
with invasion by Bragg in 18G2, and a large number 
of "s<iuirrel hunters" were called on to help defend 
it, a company marclied to the front, from Berea and 
vicinity, armed with their "squirrel rifles," and 
ready to aid in repelling the enemy if necessary. 
They were not called on to do so, however, and some 
returned homo. 

It was not strange that Cuyahoga county mani- 
fested so much energy and zeal in the Union cause; 
for two of the war governors of Ohio resided wholly 
or jjartially within its limits. Hon. David Tod, who 
was elected governor by the Union Republican party 
in the autumn of 1861, taking his seat on the 1st of 
January following, had a residence at Cleveland, and 
also one outside of the county. Hon. John Brongh, 
the leonine statesman who was elected by the Repub- 
licans over Vallandigham in the autumn of ISO." by a 
huiulred thousand majority, was also a resident of 
Cleveland, and president of the Bellefontaine raili'oad 
company. In the spring of 1804 he consulted'with 
other western governors and proposed that they 
call out a hundred thousand men for a hundred days, 
to guard posts and otherwise aid in achieving success 
in the campaign of tiiat year. All agreed, as did the 
war department at Washington. The latter tele- 
graphed for thirty thousand Ohio militia in ten 
days. Thirty-eight thousand responded within the 
time. This sturdiest of Unionists and most ener- 
getic of governors died in the office he had done so 
much to dignify and make useful. 

During the war business was active, on account of 
the great increase of paper money in volume and de- 
preciation in value; yet there were few i)ermanent im- 
provements made; both because people's minds were 
absorbed in the war, and because they were unwilling 
in the disturbed state of the finances to make large 
government investments. The principal public en- 
terprise which was carried out at this period in north- 
ern Ohio was the Atlantic and Great Western rail- 
road, which was built principally with foreign capital. 
In 1803, it leased the Cleveland and Mahoning rail- 
road for ninety-nine years, and immediately supplied 
it with an extra track; so it could be used for Iiroad 
or narrow gauge cars. It has been employed espe- 
cially for the transportation of coal from the beds of 
Mahoning county, immense amounts of which iuive 
been bi'ought to Cleveland, the manufactories of 
which have been greatly stimulated thereby. 

On the close of the war the soldiers of Cuyahoga 
county, like those of the rest of the Union, at once 
put off tiieir military habits and resumed the avoca- 
tions of civil life. Less than six months saw the 
transformation complete, and all the energy lately 



FIRST AND FIFTH INFANTKY. 



83 



given to the arts of desfcructiou employed in those of 
construction. But the latter, tliough more iileiisant, 
and in the long run more important, than tiie former, 
do not hy any means make so hrilliant a mark on 
tlic page of history. Tiie current of events Hows 
liroudiy, swiftly and heiieficently onward in jjcace, 
hut it is the rapids and cataracts of war which strike 
tiie eye. 

In 18G'.l, Professor Newberry, before mentioned in 
connection witli tlie Sanitary Commission, was ap- 
[>oin(ed chief geologist of tlie State of Ohio. As 
such, with a corps of assistants, he made an exhaustive 
geological survey of the State, omijodied in several 
valualile volumes. 

15y the census of 1870 the population of the county, 
notwithstanding the war, had reached the number of 
one hundred and thirty-two thousand nine hundred 
and three. Of these ninety-two thousand eight 
hundred and twenty-eight wei'e in Cleveland, while 
tile remainder were to be found in the respective 
townships as follows: Bedford, 1,788 ; Brecksville, 
1,007; Brooklyn, 3,713; Chagrin Falls, 1,331; 
Dover, 1,145 ; East Cleveland, .5,044; Euclid, 3,188; 
Independence, l,7(il ; Maylield, 81(3 ; Middleburg, 
3.fWi3; Newbiirg, G,337; Olmstead, 1,570; Orange, 
1,S03; J'aruui, 1,433; Uock])ort, 3,001; Royaton, 
1,(189; Solon, SU'.J; Strongsville, 890; Warrensville, 
1,43C. It will be seen that, while the agricultural 
tdwnship had increased very little, and some of them 
liad decreased, since the previous census, the poj)ula- 
lion of Cleveland liad more than doubled, besides 
tlie lai'gc number who had located in the adjoining 
towns, so as to become in fact suluiiban residents of 
tiie city. 

In 1873 the same causes, inllation and spccuhition, 
wliich had brouglit about the financial crash of 1837, 
produced another, far less violent than the one men- 
tioned but more injurious tlian that which occurred 
in 1857. business and improvements of all kinds 
received a severe check, five years saw but slight 
progress, and it is only during the present season 
tliat a decided change for the lictter has been 
oliserved. 

In 1875 tlu? fourth eourt-hous(! of Ciiyalioga county 
was b(igun, and so far completed in 187(> as to be used 
l)y the courts and for other public juirposes. The 
court-house erected in 1858 is also still in use. It is 
■somewhat diflicult to describe the new one; for one 
liardly knows whether to give its dimensions and 
apiiearance as it is, or as it is to be. Probaljly tlic 
former is the safer method, with a brief reference to 
what, it may lie. 

The present liuilding, tlien, is of stone, and fronts 
on Seneca street, extending back nearly to the eourt- 
liouseof 1858. Its width is seventy-five feet and its 
depth ninety-two feet. There is a iiigh biisement 
story, occiqiied by some of the county ollicers and for 
other purposes. On the first story above this is a wide 
liall, with the rooms of tlic probate judge and sherilT 
on either side. On the second fioor is the criminal 



court room, sixty-eight feet long, sixty feet wide and 
thirty-five feet high, and very elaborately finished. 
On the third, or Mansard, floor are rooms for the use 
of juries and for other purposes. 

The proposed north wing is to be thirty-four feet 
front and eighty-four feet deej). The south wing is 
to be forty-nine feet front and eighty four feet deep, 
and it is expected that in due time it will be sur- 
mounted by a tower a hundred and twenty feet high. 
The wings, when coiupleted, are to be occupied by 
the various courts and county officers who are now 
located in the building of 1858. 

A very large and strong jail was also built in 1875, 
on the same ground (nortli of the court house), for- 
merly occupied by the jail of 1851, which was removed 
to give place to its successor. The new jail, very 
substantially built of stone, has three departments, 
respectively for men, women and boys. The men's 
department is sixty feet wide by a hundred and thirty 
feet long, with one hundred and twenty cells. 

The boys' dejjartmeut is twenty feet by twenty-four, 
with sixteen cells. The women's department is in 
the same building as the sheriff's residence, and like- 
wise has sixteen cells. The whole building last men- 
tioned is ninety feet by thirty-seven, and three stories 
high. 

Notwithstanding the financial closeness since 1873, 
numerous local improvements have been made 
throughout the county, which are noticed under 
their appropriate heads. We now close the consecu- 
tive record of Cuyahoga county for the purpose of 
presenting our readers with sketches of various or- 
ganizations pertaining to it, beginning with the 
regiments and batteries representing that county in 
the war f(;r the Union. 



CHAPTER X VI. 

FIKST AND FIFTH INFANTKVT. 

Organization of Fii-st Infantry— The Cleveland Orays— Vienna -Bull 
Run— KeorKanization for Three Years— Cnyahojia C'ompanies— In 
Kentueky anil Tennessee— t'ittsburg LandinK— A Fight at Iluntsville 
— Stone River— I'll ickamanga— Orchard Knob— Capture of Mission 
Ridge— llesaca— Burnt Hickory— Number of Kiigagenients— Muslered 
Out— Members from Cuyahoga County — The Fifth Infantry — Connec- 
tion with Cuyahoga County— .Meu Transfen-od from Seventh — List of 
Membci-s. 

l'll!ST IXFANTltY. 

The First Infantry w;is organized in April, ISGI, 
in response to the President's first call for troops. 
The Cleveland Grays, an old and highly esteemed 
militia organization, formed one of its companies, 
under Captain T. S. Paddock, and Lieutenants 
Jeremiah Ensworth and J. B. Ilampson. So pronijit 
was the answer to the call that within sixty hours 
afterwards the u'giment wa.s on its way to tiie capital. 
It was attached to (ieneral Schenck's brigade and was 
eii route to Vienna when its first engagement witii 
the eneiuy was had. The rebels fired into the train, 
wlieii the First cjuickly formed on the side of the 



84 



GENERAL IIISTOEY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



track, followed by the other regiments, aud made so 
effective a resistance as to be enabled to retire with 
but small loss. In the battle of Bull Eun the regi- 
ment took no active part, but rendered excellent ser- 
vice in guarding the retreat. 

In August, 1861, the reorganization of the regi- 
ment for three years' service was begun, but not 
completed until October. Company D was largely 
from Cuyahoga county, as well as a few men from 
companies F, G and I. In November the regiment 
was made a part of the Fourth Brigade of the Second 
Division, under General McGook. From December 
17th, 1861, until February 14th, 1863, it remained 
in camp at Green River, Kentucky. On the 17th 
the brigade marched to Nashville; arriving five miles 
out on Franklin Turnpike it went into camp. On the 
.31st it crossed Duck river and moved toward Sa- 
vannah. 

On the morning of A[)ril Gtli the march was re- 
sumed. Savannah reached at lialf past seven p.m., 
and Pittsburg Landing at daylight the next morning. 

At six a.m., the First moved to the front and 
formed in line of battle. After fighting until noon, 
rejteatedly charging the enemy and recapturing Gen- 
eral Sherman's headcfuarters, the regiment retired to 
procure ammnnition. This being obtiiined, it again 
advanced and participated in the general charge on 
the enemy's front. The First was tJien sent to assist 
Colonel Gibson's command; arriving just in time to 
re])el a vigorous attack. In this battle the regiment 
was commanded by Colonel B. F. Smith, and lost 
sixty officers and men. 

On May 37th six companies of the Fii-st, under 
Major Bassett Langdon, had a sharj) fight at Bridge 
Creek. At lluntsville they took tlie cars and reached 
Boiling Fork, a tributary of the Elk river, July 1st. 
On tlie 38th the regiment moved to Altamont, and 
Sejitember 1st to Nashville, i)assing through Man- 
chester, Murfreesboro and Lavergne. At Dog-walk, 
on the 9th of October, the First took part in tlie bat- 
tle, and lost several men. On the 11th it joined 
General Buell's forces at Perryville. 

On December 31st the battle of Stone river com- 
menced. The First was stationed on tlie right of K. 
W. Johnson's division. A half hour's brisk skirmish- 
ing followed, and tlie enemy was promjitly checked. 
A heavy force appeared and made an attack on the 
First, compelling it to fall back. In doing this, much 
confusion occurred and the whole riglit wing was 
forced back. At the Nashville and Chattanooga rail- 
road re-enforcements arrived, and the enemv was 
driven back. 

After many Jiard marches and a number of sharp 
skirmishes, tlie regiment reached Stevenson, Alabama, 
August ;iOth, 1SG3, to take part in the Chickamauga 
campaign. On the 19th of September it reported to 
General Thomas, and was placed in the front line 
under lieavy firing. A charge was made on the ene- 
my. General Baird's position retaken and several 
l)ieces of artillery captured. A most terrific fight 



ensued in the darkness, and the First was compelled 
to change position. In doing this they fell back 
about one hundred and fifty yards. The enemy soon 
retired and the battle ceased for the night. The next 
afternoon the First and the Louisville Legion charged 
and put to rout a body of the enemy, but at length 
shared in the general disaster which befell the army. 
The regiment lost in this fight one hundred and 
twenty men. 

On the 30tli of October the First formed a part of 
the force that surprised and captured the ridge be- 
tween Lookout valley and Racoon mountain. 

On November 23d the regiment engaged in the bat- 
tle of Orchard Knob, and on the 2.5tli rendered noble 
service at the capture of Mission ridge. The entire 
loss of the Seventh during this battle was five officers 
and seventy-eight men, killed and wounded. On 
January 17th, 1864, during the East Tennessee cam- 
paign, the regiment had a brisk engagement at Straw- 
berry Plains, losing some men. On the Atlanta cam- 
paign. May 10th, 1864, at Buzzard's Roost, several 
were wounded and three killed. May 14th, at Re- 
saca, Georgia, two were killed and sixteen wounded, 
and the next day four were killed and twelve wounded. 
At Adairsville the regiment had a sliarp skirmish; 
losing two killed and two wounded. At Burnt Hick- 
ory, May 37th, eight men and two officers were killed 
and seventy-one men wounded. June'17th, at Keiie- 
saw, eight men were wounded. At the crossing of 
Chattalioochie river two men were killed. 

During its term of service the First was engaged in 
twenty-four battles and skirmishes, and liad five 
hundred and twenty-seven officers and men killed and 
wounded. The last man of the regiment was mus- 
tered out October lltli, 1S64. 

memii?;rs from cuyahqcja cohntv. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Edward .1. CoIIiua, enrolled August 17. 1861; promoted to First Lieuten- 
ant March '2^, 1863, aud to Regimental Quartermaster May 8, 1803. 
Mustered out with regiment September 34, 1864. 

William A. Davidson, enrolled as Corporal August ^, IStil ; promoted to 
Quartermaster. Mustered out with the regiment. 

.James Hill, enrolled as Regimental Quartermaster August 2:i, 18(jl; pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant and transferred to Company H .May 8, 
1883. Resigned October 17, 1863. 

NOS-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Andrew J. Mabb, enrolled August 18, 1801; prtimoted to CNuumissary 
Sergeant. Mustered out with regiment. 

COMPANY D. 

.James B. Hampson, enrolled as Captain August 17, 1861 ; promoted l)e- 
ceruber 31, 1802, to Major 124th Regiment. Killed at Pickett's Mills, 
Georgia, May 27, 1864. 

(ienrge L. Hay ward, enrolled as First Lieutenant August 17, 1801; pro- 
moted to Captain December 10, 1862, to Lieutenant Colonel 12ULh 
Regiment .July 27th, 1863. 

Sylvanus S. Dixon, enrolled as First Sergeant August 20, 1861: promoted 
to Second Lieutenant June 21, 1802, and to First Lieutenant Novem- 
ber 1.5, 1863. Killed near Dallas. Georgia, May 27, 1H64 

Alexander Varian, enrolled August 20, 1801 ; promoted to Second Lieu- 
tenant May 20, 1862, and to First Lieutenant December 10, 1862. Died 
June 2, 1861, of wounds received at Resaca, Georgia. 

William M. Clarpenter, enrolled as Second Lieutenant August 17, 1861; 
promoted to First Lieutenant May 26, 1862. Resigned April 10, 1863. 

Willard C. Prentiss, enrolled as Corporal August 20, l-Slil ; promoted to 
Second Lieutenjnt December 10, 1803. Resigned .June 10, 18(ii. 

Charles Wherritt, enrolled as Sergeant August 20, 1861. 

William Duncan, enrolled as Sergeant August 20, 1861. 

Henry Galloway, enrolled as Sergeant August 20, 1861. 



SEVENTH INFANTRY. 



85 



Rtifiis A. Hampson, enrolled as Corporal September 1, 1861. 

Orriii .1. Hrown, eiirolloil as Corporal August 21), 1«CI. 

Oeorge A. Wilson, euniUed as Corporal August 30, 18(il. Killeil at tin 

hattle of Resaca, Georgia. 
Liavitl Alilricli, enrolled as Corporal August 31), 1801. 
CluincMil H. FariiT, enrolled as Corporal August 30, ISGl. 
Joli.i Mullen, enrolled as Mnsieian August 20, 18lil. 
James B. De Land, enrolled as Musloian August 30, 1801. 
Charles H. Anderton, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
Sanuiel M. Bearby, enlisted August 20, 1861. Killed. 
John L. Bu<h lell, enlisted August 30, 1861. 
Eli Bennett, enlisted August 1", 1861. 
William Bmbeek, enlisu-d August 1", 1861. 
Kilwin Barber, enlisted August 1", 1861. 
Chai-les W. Campbell, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
Willi im Cackler, enlisted Au.:;ust 17, 1811. 
lloi-aee J. Conant, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
John F. Cady, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
Wdliaiu Cowan, eidisted August 17, 1S61. 
Kolwrt A Carran, enlisteil August 17, I8(U. 
L-iwpeuce Dublier, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
William P. De Land, eTilisted August 17, 1861. 
M irvin L. Eddy, eldisted August 17, 1861. 
Horace W. Farwell, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
Frank. in A, Farwell, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
ReulH-nUoss, enlisted Angn-t 19, 1861. 
Henry W. Hayward, enlisteil August 18, I8C1. 
William C. Ishani, enlisted August 18, 1861. 
Enoch F. Jones enlisted jVugust 18, 1861. 
Ileul>eti B. Kelley, enlisted August 19, 1861. 
Albert C. Leach, enli.sted August 19, 1S71. 
Samuel A Lamoreaux, enlisted August 18. 1H6I. 
Jitseph C. Merrick, enlisted August 18, l^'61. 
Chester C. Pulver, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
Lonis W. Pick, enlisted August 17, 1861. 
Engeue Roberts, enlisted August 19, 1861. 
Charles L. Soobie, enlisted August 18, 1861. 
Frederick Scau, enlisted August 18, 1861. 
James M Sala, enlisted August 20, 1861. 
Benjamin Sala, enlisted August 20, 18<jl. 
Christopher Tod, enlisted August 20, 1861. 
Henry R. Van Ness, enlisted August 30. 1861. 
James Van Fosseu, enlisted September 9. 1861. 
Jt>hu A. Wilkinson, enlisted August 30, 1861. 
Julius C. Watterson, enli ted August 19, 1861. 
RolwrtF. Watterson, enlisted August 19, 1861. 
Frederick Zimmerman, enlisted August 18, 1861. 



William Hall, enlisted December 11, 186:1. Transferred to Company H. 
.lames McCJee, enlisted November 23, 1863. Transferred to Com pany H 



Simon Keck, enlisted Sept .luber 30, 18;! I. Dischnrgod November 1, 1865. 
J.aoob Welch, I'idisted SeptenilH'r 29, 1S61 Discharged October 1, 186.5. 



Ebene/.er Clark, enlisted January ."), 1861. Transferred to Couii)any H, 
Septi-mberl, 1861. Mustered out May 18, 1865. 

John Cartwright. enlisted January 1 1, 1864. Transferred to t'otnpany H, 
Septeinber 1. 1861. 

(leorge A. Joiee, enlisted January .■>, 18IV4. Transferred to Company II, 
September 1. 1861. 

Henry Lowes, enlisted December38, 1863. Transferred to Company 11 
Si pt 1, 1861. 

Francis Moses, eldisted January 7, 1861. Transferred to Company II, 
September 1, 1861. 

Claytt)n E. Worden, enlisted December 19, 18(>i. Transferred to Com- 
pany II, September 1, 1864. 

FIFTH INFANTRY. 

TIk^ priiiiipiil CDnnectioii of this ro-jiiiu'iit willi 
Cuy:iliog;i comity arises from the fact that tliirty men 
of tiie Seventh Infantry, resident.s of tliat county, 
were transferred to the Fifth from tlie Seventh In- 
fantry, wlien the hitter was mustered out of service; 
the terms of tho.se men not having expireil. Al- 
tiiough tlie Seventh was musteretl out in June, 18G4, 
tlie tninsfcr was not consummated until October. 
With tlie Fifth they marchcil with Sherman on this 
grand eamptiig-i to tlie Sea, acconiiianied him through 
the Carolinas, and took part in the great review at 



Washington. Tlienec the regiment was sent to Louis 
ville, Kentucky, wlicrc it was mustered out of service 
on tlie 20tli day of July, 1805. 

.MK.MItKKS IRO.M CIVAIIOGA COUNTY. 

COMPANY O. 

AlUcrt Berger, enlisted August-'IO, 1862. Mustered out June 21, 1865. 

Henry Alexander, enlisted September 8, 1863. Mustered out .July 26, IHfWi. 

Solomon Brob-t, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- 
tered out .June 31, 1.865. 

James C. Brooks, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864. Mus- 
tered out .Tune 21, 1865. 

Ed. A. Crosby, transferred from 7th Infantry OctoberSl, 1861. Mustered 
out June 21, 1865. 

Frank J. Covert, transferred from 7th Infantry Octi>ber 31. 1801. Mus- 
tered out June 21, 186.i. 

Peter M. Hardman, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1.861. Mus- 
tered out June 21 1865. 

James Lovelessrtransferreil from 7th Infantry October 31, 1K64. Dis- 
charged July 14, 1865. 

Jonathan Moore, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864. Dis- 
chai-ged July 7, 1865. 

Otis Martin, ti'ansferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864. Mustered 
out June 31, 1865. 

George W. Oliver, transferred from Tth Inlantiy OetoberSl, 1S6I. Mus- 
tered out June 31, 185.5. 

Abiaham Ramalia, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- 
tered out June 21, 1865. 

James Hunt, transferred from 7tli Infantry October 31, 1861. Discharged 
May 39, 1865. 

Theod ire W. Pratt, transferred from 7tli Infantry October 31, IHIU. Mus- 
tered out June 21, 1865. 

William Stanford, tranferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- 
tered out July 36, 1865. 

Charles Zimmerman, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. 
Mustered out June 21, 18t"i5. 

Charles Walley, transferred from rih Infantry October 31, 1M61. Mus- 
tered out Juno 31, 1865. 

Sigo Tyroler, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1864. Mustered 
out June 31, 18(i5. 

Jacob Schneerberger, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. 

Franz Schaedler, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- 
tered out January 25, 1865. 

Michael Schmidt, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- 
tered out July 3. 1865. 

Martin Saizer, tran-sferred from 7th Infantry October31, 1861. Clustered 
out June 31, 1865. 

John Schirssler, transferred from 7th Infantry June 11, 1861. 

Joseph Rowe, transferred from 7tli Infantry October31, 1861. Woun.l.d 
June 37 Mustered out August 3, 1865. 

Henry Hoflfman, transferred from 7th Infantry June 11, 1804. 

David F. Dove, transferred from 7th Infantry June 11, 18iU. 

Coney Doit/,, transferred from 7th Infant y October 31, 1861. Mustered 
out July 30, 1865. 

t;onrad Bnchm.in, transferred from 7lli Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- 
tered out July 26. 1865. 

Willi.im Weber, traiuiferred from 7th Infantry June 11, 1861. 

Andrew Rick, transferred from 7th Infantry June 11, Mil. 

(Muistian Ottinger, transferred from 7th Infantry October 31, 1861. Mus- 
tered out May 31, 1865. 

Herman Tetzer, enhsted 1861. MnsU;red out .lune 2(, 1865 



CIIAPTHK XVII. 

SEVENTH INFANTRY.* 

l>rgani/.ed for Three Months-First Field OHleers — Reorganized for 
Three Yeai-s Number from Cuyahoga County— Sent to West Vir- 
ginia—Its First Loss-Tlie Disaster at Cross Lanes — Goes east- 
Breaks up a Uelwl Camp— Battle of Winchester- Port Republic— Suc- 
cessive Repulses of the Enemy— Retreat of the Union Army— Cedar 
Mountain— Terrible Loss of the Seventh - Antietam — Driving the 
Enemy— Defeating Hampton at Dumfries Chancellorsville Gettys- 
burg—Ordered west-Missiim Ridge Taylor's Ridge— A Disastrous 
Repulse Deaths of Creighton and Crane Losses of the Ri-ginu^nt- - 
Its Services in 1861 -Pumpkin Vine Creek —Onlered Home— Grand 
Reception at Cleveland Mustered Out. 

The Seventh Infantry was organized for three 
months .«ervice, at ('amj) Taylor, Cleveland, in the 
latter part of April, 1801; three comiianies being 



•Condensed from Major O. L. Wood's "Seventh Regiment." 



86 



GENERAL IILSTOKY OF CUYAHOGA (.'OUNTY. 



from Cuyahoga county, and the remainder from other 
counties of the Western Reserve. It soon went to 
Camp Dennison, near Cincinnati. On the 11th of 
May the regiment elected E. B. Tyler, of Ravenna, 
as colonel; W. R. Creightou, of Cleveland, as lieu- 
teuant-colonel; aud J. S Casement, of Paincsville, as 
major. Three days later, on the three years call 
being submitted to the men, about three-fourths 
enlisted for that term. The others were discharged, 
recruiting officers were sent home, and on the I'Jth 
and 30th of June the Seventh Ohio Infantry, with 
full ranks, was mustered into the service fur three 
years. 

Companies A, B and K were i)rincipally from Cuy- 
ahoga county; Conii)any A, during the war, having a 
hundred and fifty-four men from that county; Com- 
pany B, eighty-four men, and Comjiany K, a hundred 
and sixteen. Besides these, Company C had twenty- 
seven men from Cuyahoga during the war; Company 
D, twenty-three; Company E, three; Company F, 
six; Company G, si.K; Company H, fourteen; and 
Company I, four; the (otal in the regiment, with field 
and staff, being four hundred and thirty-seven. 

In the last days of June the Seventh was ordered 
to Clarksburg, West Virginia. While there, a stand 
of colors was presented to it on behalf of the German 
Turners Society, of Cleveland. The first severe march 
was made from that |)lace to Weston, thirty miles 
distant, on the last afternoon aud night of June. 
After scouting in this vicinity a short time, the 
Seventh marched to the Gauley valley. 

On the 1.5th of August it took post at Cross Lanes, 
where its suffered its first loss. Cajitaiu Schutte 
and fourteen men of Comi)any K, while on a scout, 
were ambushed; the cajitain being mortally wounded, 
and all but four of the men being also killed or 
wounded. 

Having retired from Cross Lanes, aud being or- 
dered to return, it reached there alone on the even- 
ing of August 25th. N.ext morning it was vigorously 
attacked by a heavy rebel force, and some of the com- 
panies thrown into confusion. Captain Crane, with 
Company A, made a charge, piercing the rebel line 
and capturing a stand of colors. His detachment 
was cut off from the main body, however, aud obliged 
to escape through the mountains to Gen. Cox's army 
at Gauley Bridge. Four hundred men under Major 
Casement, being nearly surrounded by an overwhelm- 
ing force, also escaped through the mountains. 
Others escajied singly or in sipiads, but the regiment 
had twenty-one men kilii'd and uciunded, and ninety- 
six taken prisoners. 

The last of October the regiment tciok i)art in driv- 
ing the rebel Gen. Floyd from his intrenchments on 
Cotton Hill, but without loss. 

In December the Seventh moved to Romney, near 
the Potomac, and in the forepart of January, 1802, 
with several other regiments, made a vigorous and 
successful movement, breaking up the intrenched 



camp of a rebel colonel in the mountains, and killing 
and capturing about a hundred of his men. 

During the remainder of the winter the Seventh 
served under that brave and enterprising leader. Gen. 
Lander, and after his sudden death passed under 
the command of Gen. James Shields. On the 11th 
of March liis command occupied Winchester, and on 
the 27th the Seventh took part in its first severe 
battle, that of Winchester. 

After the enemy's plans had developed themselves, 
the Third brigade, with the Seventh Ohio at its head, 
was sent to charge a battery, holding an important 
j>ositioii, in Hank. A heavy rebel force was stationed 
in sujjport, behind a ravine and a stone wall. The 
column charged gallantly, and, although unalile at 
once to drive the foe from his strong position, held 
its ground aud maintained a desperate conflict. Re- 
inforcements came up on both sides, and the two 
armies were soon fully engaged in furious strife. 
Near night the rebels began to retreat. The Union 
army made a charge along its whole line and the re- 
treat soon became a rout. Two pieces of artillery and 
four caissons were captured by the Third brigade. 
The enemy was pursued the next day, but could not 
be overtaken. The Seventh had fourteen killed ami 
fifty-one wounded in this battle. 

After various marches in the valley of the Shenan- 
doah, the regiment took part in the battle of Port 
Republic on the '.tth of June. While it was support- 
ing a section of Huntington's battery, the enemy 
charged the guns. The Seventh lay hidden by a grow- 
ing field of wheat until the rebels were within easy 
range. Then the ringing tones of the gallant Crcigh- 
ton were heard, giving the order to rise up aud fire. 
A shower of bullets riddled the lines of the atlvanc- 
ing column. It staggered and halted. The Seventh 
dashed forward, and after a short but desperate con- 
flict tiie foe was driven back, followed by the victori- 
ous men of Ohio. 

Another charge on the extreme right was also 
rei>elled by the Seventh and some other troops. The 
fiery Jackson was in command of the Confederates 
and a third assault was soon made on the Union 
center, which was repulsed with still more loss than 
before. 

Another attack was made, and a Ijattery captured on 
tlie Union left. The Fifth and Seventh Ohio were 
directed to regain it. Under a tremendous fire they 
dashed up a hill and drove the rebels from the guns. 
Five color-bearers of the Seventh were shot down in 
as many rods. Lieutenant King seized the flag as 
the fifth man fell, pressed forward and was followed 
bv the regiment, which drove the enemy to the shel- 
ter of a neighboring hill. From this, too, they were 
driven by the gallant Seventh and their comrades. 

At this time large reinforcements joined the enemy, 
and as General Shields, with a portion of the Union 
army, was several miles in the rear, General Tyler, 
who was in command, thought it best to retreat. In 
this conflict the Seventh had nine men killed, and 



SEVENTH INFANTRY. 



87 



two officers and fifty-ei<;lit men wounded; one of the 
olliccrs l)cing C;ii)(:iiii Woixl. aiiUioi- of tJit; liisloiy of 
I lie refjinient. 

Cdloiiel Tylor having received a brigadier's star, 
Liciilouant-Colonel (!reigliton liad boon made colonel, 
:iiid daptaiii Crane, of (Company A, major. 

IV'iug sent to Alexandria, tiic icgimcnl I'omained 
Micro a month, and then joined McDowell's forces in 
central N'irginia. On the OtJi of August the brigade 
to which tlie Seventh belonged, then commanded by 
(ieneral Geary, was with Ranks at Cedar Mountain. 
In (lie afternoon the Seventh, which was stationed on 
'i'clcgraph Hill, was ordered forward uiulcr the fire of 
I hilly pieces of artillery, to oc(!upy a cornfield in front 
(if it. Tliougli its ranks were torn by cannon balls 
and slu^ll, and its men were falling at every step, it 
moved steadily forward aiul occupied the assigned 
position. 

At four o'clock it moved into a meadow, and alone 
engaged in a desperate conflict with a vastly superior 
force of the enemy. Creighton was wounded and 
forced to retire. Crane was disabled. Captain 
.Molyneaux took command. At length, when out of 
tlircH hundred and seven men a hundred and eighty- 
one, nearly two-thirds of the whole number, wove 
kilh'il or wounded, the little liand who remained nn- 
iiijiired shtwiy and sullenly fell back to a safer 
jiosition. 

Even then its losses were not ended, for at night it 
was sent out on picket, and while advancing was fired 
on by heavy forces in front, ami on both Hanks, and 
was forced to retire. 

During the night lianks' entire corjjs withdrew to 
the position it had helil before the i)attle. Three 
otliccM's and twenty-seven men of the Seventh were 
killed in this battle, and eight otlicc^rs and a hundred 
anil forty-three men wounded. 

The regiment next retreated with ro|ie"s command 
to Washington, but was not engaged during the time. 
Soon moving north with McClellan, on the 17th of 
September the depleted band, scarcely to be called a 
regiment, took part in the battle of Antietam. 
Ordered to attack the enemy, strongly posted behind 
a rail fence in the edge of a wood, the Seventh with 
other troops maintained a lierce eonllict with mus- 
ketry for an liour and a half, then chai'gcd and <lrovo 
the rebels from their covert at the point of the bayo- 
net, pursuing them fully three-fourths of a mile. 

Taking up an advanced position, the division 
repelled a charge of General A. P. Hill's division, and 
again completely routed the enemy. Similar efforts 
all along the line gave to the Union army the victory 
of Antietam. The Seventh had five men killed and 
thirty -eight wounded in the battle. 

The regiment .soon jiassed into \'irginia. While 
holding the post of Dumfries, on the 3Tth of Decem- 
ber, 1802, with two other regiments, the command 
w;us attacked by Hampton's division of cavalry in the 
night. A few pri.soners were captured on the picket 
line, but when the dismounted cavalry charged upon 



tlie main force they were defeated again and again, 
with very heavy loss. The Seventh had onii man 
killed, eight wounded and eleven captured. 

lieuiaiiiing in northern Virginia through the winter, 
ill .\piil, iS(i:5, it advanced with the Ai'my of the 
Potomac, then under Hooker, and on the second of 
May became warmly engaged in the battle of Chan- 
cellorsville. It was ordered to .-■.u|ipi)rt a line of 
skirmishers, but as these would not, ailvane(\ the 
Seventh j)assed them, drove back the foe, and held 
the ground till ordered to retire*, which it did in good 
order. 

On the :;d of ,May the Seventh led its brigade in a 
fiery charge on the enemy, who were driven back, but 
the brigaile, being niisup|)orted, was in turn comjiel- 
led to retire a short distance. During the night tin* 
heavy cannonading compelled its withdrawal to the 
vicinity of United States Ford. Though only en- 
gagen a short time in this battle, the little regiment 
had f(jurteen men killed, and seventy wounded. 

It will be understood that a portion of the vacancies 
caused by death and disability were made good by 
recruits from time to time, but only a poriion. Tlu' 
constant tendency was tosvard decrease. 

In .Tune the Seventh went north with the army of 
the Potomac, and on the second of July was engaged, 
but not severely, in the battle of Gettysburg. It was 
also engaged on the third, but was not in the hottest 
of the tight and was generally under cover. It had 
one man killed and seventeen wounded. 

The regiment was soon after sent to New York, to 
help maintain order during the draft disturbances, 
but in Sei)teniber was ordered back to the Rapidan. 

A little later the war-worn Seventh was scut with 
Hooker's two corps to join the Westei'n army, and in 
due time arrived at Bridgeport. Early in November 
it reached the grand army at Chattanooga, which, 
on l^he 2il\\ of that month, advanceil against Mis- 
sion Ilidge. Only some preliminary skirmishing took 
place that day. The next day it moved with the 
whole army up the precipitous heights of Mission 
iiidge, but in front of its line the foe lied with com- 
paratively little resistance. 

, On the 37th the regiment with other troops re.ichcd 
Ringgold, Georgia, where it found the rebel rear- 
guard strongly posted on Taylor's Ridge. TIk* brigade 
to which it belonged, commanded by its own colonel, 
the fiery Creighton, was ordered to dislodge them. 
The Seventh and Sixty-sixth Ohio charged up tlie 
hill, but met with such a withering fire that they were 
compelled to fall back into a ravine. A deailly lire 
was concentrated on them here, ami Col. Creighton 
again ordered them to retire. As they reached a 
fence, the colonel faced the enemy and waited for his 
men to cross it. While in this position he was shot 
through the Imdy with a ritle-bullet, fell to the 
ground with his wife's name on his lips, and almost 
immediately expired. 

A few moments later Lieutenant Colonel Crane, 
then in command of the Seventh, was instantly killed 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAUOGA COUNTY. 



by a rifle ball through the forehead. The command 
rapidly fell back. 

The rebels were .soon obliged to retire by the ap- 
proach of other Union troops, but they had inflicted 
an irro|)araljle loss on the ever-faithful Seventh Ohio. 
Out of two hundred and six men in the action four- 
teen men were killed and forty-nine wounded. The 
instant death of the colonel and lieutenant colonel 
within a few moments of each other, both being men 
of remarkable valor, beloved and honored by their 
comrades, had a very depressing effect on the regi- 
ment and drew attention throughout the army. Gen- 
eral Hooker exclaimed, when hu heard of it: 

•'My (rod, are tiicy dead? Two braver men never 
lived.'' 

The loss of the regiment in the three battles of 
Lookout Mountain, Mission Ridge and Taylor's Ridge 
was five officers and fourteen men killed, and eight 
officers and fifty-four men wounded. At Taylor's 
Ridge only one officer present was left alive and un- 
wounded. 

The bodies of the two young heroes, Creighton and 
Crane (the former was but twenty-six and the latter 
thirty-four), wore sent home to Cleveland, and buried 
with all the honors that a patriotic and deeply atfected 
community could bestow. 

The Seventh remained near Chattanooga through 
the winter, and in the spring of LSG-t advanced with 
Sherman toward Atlanta. At Pumpkin Vine Creek, 
on the 25th of May, it was warmly engaged for a 
short f-iine; having three men killed and fifteen 
wounded. In June, while in camp at AUatoona, the 
term of the Seventh expired and it was at once or- 
dered home. About two hundred and fifty men, 
whose terms had not expired, were transferred to the 
Fifth Ii\fantry. Two hundred and forty-five officers 
and men, all told, returned home; the remnants of 
over a thousand who went forth at their country's 
call three years before. They were welcomed at 
Cleveland on the 10th of June, 18G4, by an immense 
concourse, and accorded abampietand a formal recep- 
tion; being addressed by Governor Brongh and Pros- 
ecuting Attorney Grannis. 

The men were given a brief furhiugh; not being 
mustered out until after the Fourth of July, on 
which day, with the Eighth Ohio, they received an- 
other grand ovation. 

During the service of the Seventh Ohio more than 
six hundred and thirty of its men were killed and 
W(uinded; a hundred and thirty being slain in the 
Held. Aliout a hundred also died of disease. 

Taking it all in all, considering the number of its 
battles, its marches, its losses, its conduct in action, 
it may safely be said, that not a single regiment in 
the United States gained more lasting honor or de- 
served better of its country than the Seventh Ohio 
Volunteer Infantry. 



MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

William R. Creighton, enrollefl as Captain Company A, April lit, lH(iI. 
Promoted to Lieutenant Colonel June 10, IHGl, and to Colonel May 
30, 186S. Killed at Mission Ridge, November 27, 18H3. 

Orrin J. Crane, enrolled as Captain June 19, 18(>1. Promoted to Major 
May 26, 1S02, and to Lieutenant Colonel March 2, 1863. Killed at 
Mission Ridge November 27, 1883. 

Morris Baxter, enrolled as Corporal April 22, ISCil. Promoted to Ser- 
geant June 20, 1861; to Second Lieutenant Company H, June 1, 18(i:j; 
and to Adjutant September 1, 1803. Died November 30, 1863, from 
wounds received at RingRold, Georgia, November 27, 1803. 

John C. Ferguson enrolled as Assistant Surgeon May 4, 1863. Mustered 
out with the Regiment July 8, 1864. 

John Morris, enrolled as Quarter Master April 2'), 1861. Resigned De" 
cember21, 1861. 

Dean C. Wright, enrolle<l as (.'haplain .I.anuary 11, 1862. Resigned Janu- 
ary 0, 1863. 

Curtiss J. Bellows, enrolled as Surgeon December 1, 1S62. Mustered out 
with the Regiment. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Dwight n. Brown, enrolled as Sergeint, June 19, 1801. Promoted to Ser- 
geant Major May 24, 18<i2; to Second Lieutenant June 1, 1863. 

Joseph P. Webb, enrolled June 7, 1861, Promoted to Sergeant Major 
January 1, 1862. Killed at battle of Winchester, Virginia, March 23, 
1862. 

Reuben W. Walters, enlisted August 15, 1802. Transferred to Non-com- 
missioned StalT as Hospital Steward, March l."), ISO 1. Iiiseharged for 
disability March 1, 1865. 

COMPANY A 

Orrin J. Crane, (See Field and Staff.) 

Joseph B. Molyneaux, enrolled as Fir.st Lieutenant June 18, 1861. Pro- 
moted to Captain January 1. 1863. Honorably discharged Februar.v 
11,1863. 

William A Howe, enrolled as Sergeant June 19, 1801. Promoted to Sec- 
ond Lieutenant April 13, 1862; to.First Lieutenant November II, 1862, 
and to Captain .June 1, 1863 Mustered out July 6, 1864. 

Albert C. Burgess, enrolled as First Lieutenant June 10, 1861. Promoted 
to Captain Company F. November 25, 1861. 

George A. McKay, enrolled as First Sergeant June 19, 1881. Promoted 
to Second Lieutenant November 7, 1862; to First Lieutenant June 1, 
1863, and to Captain March 19, 1864. Wounded at Ringgold, Georgia, 
November 27, 1863. Mustered out July 8, 18(i4. 

Dudley A. Kimball, enrolled as Second Lieutenant June 19, 1861. Re- 
signed April 1, 1862. 

Dwight 11. Brown, enrolled as Sergeant June 19, 1861; promoted to Ser 
ge.^nt Major May 24, 1862, to Second Lieutenant Jiuie 1, 1863, and to 
First Lieutenant November 1, 186:^. Mustered out .July 6, 18IU. 

J. G. Clafflin, enrolled as Sergeant June 19, 1861; promoted to First Ser- 
geant November 7, 1862. Mustered out with the regiment July 8, 1864. 

Zebulon P. Davis, enrolled as Corporal June 10, 18<>1 ; promoted to Ser- 
geant Novenib'-T 2(), 1861. Mustered out with the regiment. 

John IL Mallory. enrolled as Corporal June 19, 1861 ; promoted to Ser- 
geant May 14 1862. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Francis WiUiams, enrolled as Corporal June 19, 1861 ; promoted to Ser- 
geant September 1, 186:j. Mustered out with the regiment. 

John H. Galvin, enlisted June 19, 1861; promoted to Corporal September 
1, 1862, and to Sergeant January 16, 1864. Mustered out with the 
regiment. 

Albert Bishop, enlisted lune 17, 1861. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Joseph McClain, enlisted .June 19, 1861; made Bugler July 22, 1862. Mus- 
tered out with the regiment. 

Hiram V. Warren, enlisted June 10, 1861; promoted to Cori>oral May 14, 
1862. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Henry A. Blaiklock, enlisted June 19, 1861. Mustered out with the n^g- 
imeut. 

Joseph T. Brightmore, enlisted June 19, 1861. Mustered out with the 
regiment. 

Frederick W. Brand, enlisted Jime 19, 1861. Mustered out with the reg- 
iment. 

Carlos A. Burroughs, enlisted June 19, 1861. Mustered out with the reg- 
iment. 

.John Cronin, enlisted June 10, 1861. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Andrew J, Crippen, enlisted June 19, 1861. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Henry C. Eckert, enUsted June 19, 1861. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Jacob F Houek, enlisted June 19, 1861. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Benjamin Hatfield, enlisted June 19, 1861. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Robert B. Johnston, enlisted June 19, 1861. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Luther W. I^nomis, enlisteil .luni- 19, 1861. Mustereil out with the regi- 
ment, 
Alonzo J. Morg.m, enlisted Jiuia 19, 1801. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 



SEVENTH INFANTRY. 



89 



CharlPR E. Prehlo, cnlistml June Ifl, 18(11. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Charles W. Powell, eiih.steil .June I'.l, 18lil. Mustercil out willi tlie regi- 
ment. 

Tlionms V. Shorwootl, enlisted June 111, IHHI. Mustered out with the reg- 
iment. 

Alfred W. Smith, enlisted June 10, ISfil. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Edward A, Swayne, enlisted June l!l, lsi;i. Musteml out with the regi- 
mi-nt. 

('harles W. Smith, enlisted Juno I'l, I'^il. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

William H. Thurston, enlisted June 1(1, 1R6I. Mustered out with the reg- 
iment. 

(leorge K. Vaughn, enlisted June 10, IHIM. Miistei-erl out with the regi- 
ment. 

.lames White, enlisted Jtme 19, 18111. Left in hospital at Cincinnati. 

Kichard I^. Wilsilon, enlisted June lit, isiil. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Townley Oillett, enlisted June 1(1, 18111 ; promoted to Corporal. Killed at 
Port Repnblie. Virginia, June 9, 1882. 

Alfrerl Austin, enlisted ,Iinie 19, 1801; promoted to Coqioral September 
11. INfil, Killed at Ringgold, Georgia, November 28, 18ti.i. 

John D. Craig, enlisted June 19, Isill ; promoted to Corpora 1 October .Sii, 
I8(il. Killed at Clmncellorsville, Virginia. May 2, 18G:). 

John ('. Collett, enlisted June 19, 1^61; promoted to Corporal. Killed at 
Ringgold, Georgia, November 27, 186.-). 

.Joseph Hlaekwell, enlisted September 20, 18151. Killed at Cedar Moun- 
tain, Virginia, August 10, 1802. 

John B!indle, enlisted June 19, 1801. Killed at Winchester, Virginia, May 
2, 1802. 

Charles II. Cheeney, enlisted August 7, 1862. Killed at Chancellorsville, 
Virginia, May 1, 180:1. 

Henry A. Pratt, enlisted June 19, 1801. Killed at Chancellorsville. Vir- 
ginia, May 3, 180:i. 

Charles Stern, enlisted Jime 19, ISOl. Killed .at Winchester, Virginia, 
March 2:j, 1S02. 

Adolph Snider, enlisted June 19, 18*11. Killed at Port Republic, Vii-ginia, 
August 9, 1802. 

Ki>hr.aira M. Towne, enlisted June 19, 1801. Killeil at Chancellorsville, 
Virginia, May 3, 186;). 

Morris J. Holl.v, enrolled as Corporal .Time 19, 1801 ; promoted to Ser- 
geant: taken prisoner July 22, 186.3. Mustered out December 17, 1804. 

William Kehl, enrolled .lune 19, 1961. Missing since battle of Winchester, 
Virginia, March 2:1, 1802. 

l^onanl Waeker, enlisted June 19, 1861. Missing since battle of Cedar 
Mo'jntain, Virginia. August 9. 1862. 

Teeodore Lecomjite, enrolled as Sergeant .June 18, 1801. Died ai Sutton, 
Virginia, July 28, 1801. 

Henry J.Brown, enlist<.-d June 19,1861; promoted to Corporal. Died 
August 20, 1802. at Alexandria, Virginia, of wounds received at Cedar 
Moimtain, August 9, 1802. 

I'",dward T. Kelley, enlisted .lime 19, 1861 ; promoted to Corporal. Died 
April 20, 1802, from wounds received at Winchester. 

Francis 1. Werji, enlisted June 19, 1801; promoted to Corporal. Died 
January .">, 183:1, at Alexanilria, Virginia, from wounds received at 
Cedar Mountain, August 9, 18<;2. 

Morrison J. Cannell. enlisted September 11, 18(il. Died at Newbtirg, 
Ohio, Novend>er 18, 1801. 

Thomas Dowse, enlisted August 14, 1862. Die«l at Chattanooga, Tennes- 
.see, December 19, 186:1, from woimds received at Ringgold, G*'orgia, 
Novemljer 27th. 

Abraham Ointer, enlLsterl June 19 1861. Died at Alexandria, Virginia. 
September 1, 1862, from wounds re«eived at Cftdar Mountain, An 
gtist 9th. 

JiM-emiah C. Jones, enlisted June 19, 1801. Died at iiriilgeport, Alabama. 
Ki-hruary 22, 1861. 

Willis K. McLain, eidisted June 19, 1801. Died at (fauley Ridge, Virginia. 
S*'ptember 27, 1801, from accidental wound. 

Michael McCaime, enlisted October .10, IKOI. Dieil at Charleston, Vir 
ginia, November 8, 18'U, of accidental wound. 

Thomas Shepley, enli.sled June 19, 1801. Died at Carnifax Ferry, Vir- 
giuia, September 2, 1861, from woimils reeeive<l at Cross Lanes. 
August 26, 1801. 

L.aiis Schroeder, enlisted Jime 19, 1.801. Acciilenlaily drowned at Fred- 
ericksburg, Virginia, Ma.v 21, 1862. 

George E. Spencer, enlisted August 20, 1802. Died at Chattanooga, Ten- 
nessee, December 21, 186:1, from wounds received at Ringgold. No- 
veml>er 27. 

Chester W. Brmlley, enlist<*d August 8, 1802; taken prisoner at Dumfries, 
Virginia, December 27, 1861; was paroled and exchangeil. Mustered 
out May 10. 180.5. 

Simon J. Chelsey, enlisted August i:i, 1S02. Furloughed June 1, 18l« and 
never rejoined the regiment. 

Evan Evans, enli.sted June 19, 1861 ; taken prisoner at Cross I^nes, Vir- 
ginia, August 26, 1802; paroled and exchanged hut never rejoined 
the regiment. 

12 



Andrew J. Scovill, enlisted June 19, 1801 ; taken prisoner at Cross Lanes, 
Virginia, August 20, 1802; ])aroled and exchanged but never rejoined 
the regiment. 

Carlos A. Smith, enlisted June 19, 1801; promoted to Sergeant. Dis- 
charged for disability December 21, 1801. 

Frank Dutton, enrolled as Corporal June 19, 1801. Discharged for disa- 
bility caused by wounds received at Cross Lane August 27th. 

Milton D. Holmes, enlisted June 19, 1801; promoted to Corporal. Dis- 
charged Jamiary 6, 18tJ.3. 

Aaron C Lovett. enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged September 11, 1802, 
for ilisahility caused by wounds receive<l at Port Republic, Virginia, 
Jime 9th. 

Samuel Sweet, enlisted June 19, 1801; promoted to Corporal. Dis- 
charged at Harper's Ferry, Virginia, October 20, 1862. 

Herbert L. Smalley, enrolled as Fifer June 19, 1861; promoted to Cor 
poral. Discharged at Bridgeport, Alabama, February 82, 18IH. 

Marcus Brockwa.y, enrolled as drummer June 19, 1801 . Mustered out 
with the regiment. 

Edward Midlen, enlisted October 12, 1801 ; made drummer. Discharged 
April 14, 1862. 

Lewis Austin, enlsited ,Iune 19. 1801, Discbai-ged February 10, l.sti:t, for 
disability. 

Perry Bennett, enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged for disability Decent 
ber 24, 180;i. 

Charles Ballon, enlisted September 20, 1801. Discharged for disability 
May 10, 1802. 

John H. Burton, enlisted June in, ISOl. Discharged for dis.aliility July 
85, 1868. 

Samuel E. Buchanan, enlisted June 19, 1801. Discharge<l for dis.ability 
August i:i, 1802. 

Theodore Burt, enlisted Juno 19, 1861. Discharged July i;i, 1.802. 

John (i. Bur ns, enlisted June 19, 1801. Discharged April 2.5, 180:i. 

Daniel W. Claney, enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged July 19, 1808. 

Ferdinand Cregne, enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged for disalHlity 
November 3, 1802. 

Leander H. Campbell, enlisttMl June 19, 1801. Discharged for dis.ability 
December 10, 1862. 

AlexanderM Clinton, enlisted September 20, 1801. Discharged for dis- 
ability November 27, 1802. 

George VV. Evans, enlisted June 19, 1801. Discharged for disability June 
20, 1802. 

Thom.as Fresher, eidisted June 19,1X01. Discharged for disability May 
0, 1802. 

Fred. P. Fat rand, enlisted September 20, 1801, Discharged for disability 
November 4, 1802. 

H. F. Gardner, enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged for disability June 
1.5, 1802. 

William F. (lillson, enlisted September 11, l.siil. Discharged fin- disa- 
ability January 2:), 180:3. 

Jabez C. Ga/.ely, enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged for disability 
April 8, 186:j. 

William N. Hubbell, eidisted June 19, 1801. Discharged for disability 
December 21, 1801. 

Fred. W. Hoffman, enlisli-d June 19, 1801, Discharged for disability 
October 29, 1.862. 

Oivis F. Jackman, enlisted August 8, 1802. Discharged Nov. 20, l.SC:?. 

Philip Kelley, enlisted March 28, 1802, Discharged for ilisabiiity No- 
vember 28, 1808. 

Charles A. Keller, enlisted June 19, 1801. Discharged for disability 
November 11, 1802. 

Frederick Keller, enlisted October 26, 1861 . Discharged for disability 
January .5, 1803. 

David B. Lawrence, enlisted June 19, 1801. Discharged July 20, 1802. 

Artliui- I.,appin, enlisted June 19, 18<>1. Discharged for disability Decem- 
ber 24, 1802. 

J.-imes J. Lloyd, enlisted June 19, Isoi. Discharged for ilisabiiity Jan- 
uary 2. 186:). 

William Lucas, enlisted September 8, 1802, Discharged fi>r disability 
February S, 1863. 

Fred. G. McDowell, enlisted June 19, |80I. Discharged for disability 
February 1, 1862. 

Joseph Miller, enlisted June 19, 1801. Discharged for disability July 
10, 1802. 

Isaju- Masclleld, enlistcil June 19, 1861. Discharged for disability Janu- 
ary 10, 1803 

Stephen Mills, enlisted August 11, 1802. Discharged for disability Feb- 
ruary 9, 186). 

.John II. Prestage, enlist.d June 19, lMi;i. Disiliarged for disability 
December 2:), 1801 

J.ilm (i. Parsons, enlisted .lune 19, l.SOl. Discharged for disaliility 
January 8, I8t>3. 

Charles H. Ranney, enlisted June 19. 180]. Dischargeil for disability 
October li. 18<(I. 

Thomas Riehell. enlisted June 19, 1861. Disi-hargeil for disability Sep- 
tember 30, 1803. 

Edward St. I..awrence, enliste<J June 19, 1801. Discharged for disability 
January 31, 1803. 



no 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Thomas J. ScoviU, enlisted Jane 19, 1861. Discharged for disability 

July 8, 1863. 
George W. Simmons, enlisted Juno l!l, 1801. Discharged for disaViility 

January 17, 1863. 
David C). Stein, enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged April 88, 1863. 
William N. Thompson, enlisted June 19, 18(>1. Discharged for disability 

March 31, 1863. 
Ford W. White, enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged for disability Octo- 
ber 20, 1861. 
William Saddler, enrolled as Corporal June 19, 1861; promoted to Ser- 
geant. Transferred to the invalid corps January 1.5, 1SB4. 
John H. Bower, enlisted June 19. 1861. Transferred to the invalid corps 

September 1, iWi. 
Theo. F. Hammond, enlisted June 19, 1861. Transferred to invalid 

corps July 1, 186.3. 
Jacob Heege, enlisted August 11, 1862. Tranterred to invalid corps 

September 1, 1863. 
Frederick Ehode.s, enlisted August 8, 1808; transferred to invalid corps 

January 15, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 180,5. 
Isaac Stratton, enlisted April 20, 1861. Transferred to Company F, 

June 20, 1861. 
Myron H. Whaley. enlisted June 19, 1861 ; taken prisoner at Cross Lanes, 

Virginia, August 26, 1861. Exchanged and transferred to 8d United 

States Cavalry. 
Albert D. Forby, enlisted August 31, 1862; transferred to Company B, 

5th Regiment, October 31, 1804. Mustered out May 30, 1865. 
William Southwell, enlisted August 26, 1862. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1861; promoted to Sergeant November 

23, 18M: mustered out June 5, 1865. 
Stephen Averill. enlisted August 5, 1.S62. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, and promoted to Corporal October 31, 1864; mus- 
tered out May 29, 1865. 
Thomas Ryan, enlisted July 2, 1862. Transferred to Company B, Fifth 

Regiment, October 31, 1864; promoted to Corporal March 1, 1865; 

mustered out June 5, 1805. 
Edwin L. Wright, enlisted August 25, 1802. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, and promoted to Corporal October 31, 1801; mus- 
tered out Jime 5, 1865. 
Ilichard L. Barber, enlisted August 80, 1802; Transferred to Company B. 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864; mustered out May 30, 1865. 
John Eucher, enlisted August 31, 1802; Transferred to Company B, Fifth 

Regiment, October 31, 1804; mustered out July .5, 186.5. 
John Gear, enlisted August 2, 1802; Transferred to Company B, Fifth 

Regiment, October 31, 1804; mustered out June 5, 1805. 
William Horn, enlisted August 1, 1802. Transferred to Company B, Fifth 

Regiment, October 31. 1864; mustered out June 5, 1.865. 
Jacob Ott, enlisted August 19, 18<ia. Transferred to Company B, Fifth 

Regiment, October 31. 1864; mustered out June 5, 1S05. 
James Sherwood, enlisted August 6, 1862. Ti-ansferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment. October 31. 1804; mustered out June 5, 1805. 
Samuel Sadler, enlisted Angust 26, 186!. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864; mustered out June 5, 1865. 
Leonard Noble, enlisted August 7, 1862. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 181V4; mustered out June 5, 1805. 
Fr ink Randall, enlisted October 9, 18ti2. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1861; mustered out July 20, 1805. 
Adolphus M. Randall, enlisted October 8, 1862. Transferred to Company 

B, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1801; nuistered out July 18, 1865. 
William H. Johnson, enlisted October 10, 1861. Transferred June 11, 

ISM, to Fifth Infantry. 
Franklin G. Rockefeller, enlisted September 20, 1861. Transferred June 

11, 1804, to Fifth Infantry. 
William Seufert, enli'Sed October 11, 1801. Transferred June II. 1861. to 

Fifth Infantry. 
William Williams, enlisted October 11, 1861. Transferred June 11, 1804, 

to Fifth Infantry. 
Lewis J. Watkins, enlisted September 11, 1861. Transferred June 11, 

1804, to Fifth Infantry. 
William E. Forbey, enlisted September 20. 1801. Promoted to Corporal 

Transferred June 11,_1864, to Fifth Infantry. 
Charles A. Wood, enlisted September 11, 1861. Transferred June 11, 

1864, to Fifth Infantry. 
Charles Baker, enlisted August 26. 1808. Transferred June 11, 1804, to 

Fifth Infantry. 
Edward Hart, enlisted August 18, 1,802. Transferred June 11, IKW, to 

Fifth Infantry. 

COMPANY B. 

James F. Sterling, enrolled as Captain, April 22, 1861. Promoted Sep- 
tember 1, 1862, to Lieutenant Colonel of the One Hundred and Third 
Regiment . 

Merwin Clark, enrolled as First Sergeant, June 19, 1861 . Promoted to 
Second Lieutenant February 20, 1802; to First Lieutenant July 23, 
1862, andto Captain June 1,180:). Mustered out July 6. 1864 . Re-en- 
listed as Lieutenant Colonel of the One Hundred and Eighty -Third 
Regiment, November 16, 1864. Killed in action, at Franklin, Ten- 
nessee, November 30, 1864. 



Henry Z. Eaton, enrolled as Second Lieutenant, June 17, 1861. Pro- 
moted to First Lieutenant, February 20, 1863. Honorably discharged 
November 14, 1862. 

Edwin H. Bourne, enrolled as Sergeant Company K, April 22, 1801. 
Promoted Second Lieutenant July 25. 1803. and to First Lie\itenant 
of Company B, November 1, 1863. Mustered out July 6, 1864. 

Joseph Cry ne, enrolled as Sergeant June 19, 1881 . Promoted to Second 
Lieutenant July 33, 1808. Transferred to Company I, May 25. l.Hr.3. 
Mustered o\it July 6. 1864. 

Levi F. Bauder, enrolled as Sergeant April 32, 1861. Promoted to First 
Sergeant September 30, 1803. Mustered out July 6, 1804. 

Marcus M. Cutler, enrolled as Corporal April 22, 18til Promoted tfl 
Sergeant September 1, 18)2. Wounded at Ringgold, Georgia. No 
vember 27, 1803 . 

Joseph Frotier. enlisted June 20. 1861. Promoted to Corporal May 10, 
1802, and to Sergeant November 1. 1862. Wounded at Cedar Moun 
tain August 9, 1802. Mustered out July 6, 1864. 

Marshall Walker, enlisted June 80, 1801. Promoted to Coriioral Septem- 
ber 1, 1862, and to Sergeant Jvme 1, 1863. Mustered out with the 
Company July 0, 1864. 

Franklin R. Gasklll, enlisted June 20, 1861. Promoted to Corporal Sep- 
tember 1, 1862, and to Sergeant January 1, 1804. Wo\mded at Cedar 
Mountain, Vii-ginia, August 9, 1863, and at Reseca, Georgia, May 15, 
1864. Mustered out July 6, 18(V4. 

Jesse Hardesty. enlisted June 30, 1861. Promoted to Corporal Septem- 
ber 1, 1802. Taken prisoner at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1.8li3. ami 
paroled September 13tb. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863. 
Mustered out July 6, 1864. 

Lawrence K. Lamphear, enUsted June 21, 1861 Promoted to Corporal 
January 1, 1804. Wounded at Antietam, Maryland, September IT. 
1862. Mustered out July 6, 1804. 

Jacob Marks, enlisted June 20, 1861. Promoted to Corporal Septemlier 
1, 1862. Wounded at Cedar Mountain, August 9, 1802 and at Dallas, 
Georgia, Ma.v 35, 18(>4. Mustered out .January, 22. 1865. 

Samuel E. Gordon, enlisted April 32, 1861. Promoted to Corporal Janu 
ary 1, 18a2. Wounded at Cedar Mountain, Virginia, August 9, 1808. 
Mustered out July 0, 1864 

Edward E. Stebbins, enrolled as Drummer, June 80 1861. Mustered out 
J>dy 6. 1861. 

Andrew AttofE. enlisted April 83, 1801. Taken prisoner at Dumfries, 
Virginia, December 87, 1802. Rejoined the Company, June 5, 1863. 
Mustered out July 0, 1864. 

Daniel T. Boyle, enlisted June 6, 1861. Taken prisoner at Cross Lanes. 
Virginia. August 26, 1861; released lune 6, 1868. Wounded at Cban- 
cellorsville. May 3, 1863. Transfered to Invalid Corps, September 
30. 1863. 

Lucius Aley, enlisted June it). 1861. Mustered out July 6. l.^l. 

Charles F. Chase, enlisted June 7, 1861. Transferred to Battery I, Fii-st 
Ohio Light Artillery, December 5, 1861. 

Jacob A. Carson, enlisted August 82. 1862. Wo\mded at (ieltysbiu-g, 
July 3, 1.863. and at Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia, June 19, 1801. Trans- 
ferred to (Nnnpany B, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1801. Discharged 
June 5. 1865. 

Sylvester Carter, enlisted August 7, 1862. Womided at Dumfries. Vir- 
ginia, December 27, 1863. Transferred to Company B, Fifth Regi- 
ment. October 31, 1801. Mustered out May 30, 1805, 

Edward Case, enlisted September 3:!, 180:i Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1804. Absent at Hospital since 84th 
April, 1865. 

Francis Clifford, enlisted June 80, 1861. Mustered out July 6, 1804. 

John F Gordon, enlisted August 13, 1863. Taken prisoner at Dumfries, 
Virginia, December 27, 1803 Released and rejoined the C'ompany. 
Wounded at Gettysburg, July 3, 180:3. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment October 31, 18(il. Mustered out July 36, 1865 

George H. Simmonds. enlisted June 10. 1,861. Transferred to Battery I. 
First Ohio Light Artillery. December 5, 1801. 

Albert A. Wooley, enlisted June 5, 1801 . Transferred to Battery I, First 
Ohio Light Artillery, Decembers, 1861. 

Guslavus A. Zirnier, enlisted June 8, 1801. Discharged for disability 
December 5, 1802. 

Ernest A. Zwicker, enlisted April 83, 1861. Wounded at Cedar Mountain, 
August 9, 1802, Discharged October 25, 1862. 

Renssalear R. Peebles, enlisted May 30, 1861. Discharged November 30, 
1861. 

Albert E. Withers, enlisted June 6, 1861. Wounded at Winchester, Vir- 
ginia, March 3:i, 1.803. Dischar ed October 84. 1803. 

George A. Wood, enlisted June 6, 1.S61. Wounded at Antietam, Mary- 
land, September 17, 18ij3. Discharged October 24, 1862. 

Mitchell St. Ange, enlisted June 11, 1861 . Wounded at c:hancellorsville, 
Virginia, May 3, 1863. Leg crushed in railroad accident. Discharged 
January 23, 1864. 

Duncan Reid, enlisted June 8, 1861. Wounded at Winchester, Virginia. 
March 2:). 1802. Discharged July .30, 1803. 

Joseph G.asser, enlisted .June 80, 1861 . Wounded at Winchester, Vir- 
ginia, March 83, 1803. Mustered out July 6, 1864. 

Frank Ilenrich, enlisted Jime 30, 1861. Wounded at Cedar lilouulain. 
Virginia, August 9, 1863. Mustered out July 6, 1864. 



SEVENTH INFANTRY. 



91 



Joseph Kubler, enlisted June 30, 1801. Wounded at Antietam, Septem- 
ber 17, 1803, aud ot Chancollorsville, May 3, 18G3. Mustered out July 

0, ISiil. 

Bernard Mulgrew, eulisUnl June 30, 18B1. MusU^red out July C, 1H«4. 
Tlionias C. Kiddle, enlisted June 20, ISfil. Wounded at Cedar Mountain, 
Virginia, August !», 1S63. Mustered out with the Regiment JulyU, 

ma. 

K. M. MoClainin, enlisted June 30, ISlil, Wounded at (Settysburg, July 

1, 18Ki. Mustereil out with the Resiment. 

David Kussell, enlisted June 30, 1801 Mustered out with the Kegimeut. 
Juhnsou Russell, enlisted June 30, Wil. Mustered out with the Regi- 
ment. 
Ueorge t'. Robinson, enlisted Juno 30, 18U1. Taken prisoner at Cross 
Lanes. Virginia, August 30, l.Stil. Released June 0, 1»03, but never 
rejoined the Company. 
(Jeorge Sti'iiiberger, enlisted June 20, ISOl. Wounded at Antietam, 

Jlaryhind. Sei>lember 17, 1803. Clustered out with the Regiment. 
Krederiek Spencer, enlisted June 20, 1801. Mustered out with the Reg' 

iment . 
(inslavus Sehmidt, enrolled as Sergeant June 30, 1801. Mustered out 

witli the regiment. 
James E. Wyalt, enlisted June 20, 1801. Mustered out with tlie regiment. 
George W. Williams, enlisted June 20, 1801 ; taken prisoner at Cross 
Lanes. Virginia. August 30, 1801 ; released January 6, 1862. Mustered 
out with the regiment. 
Starr B. Woml, enlisted April! 33, 1801; deserted December 10, 1801; re- 
joined the company September 11, 1H03; wounded at Dallas, Georgia, 
May 35, 1801. Mustered out with the regiment. 
Thomas C. Brown, enlisted April ti. 1801; promoted to Corporal. Killed 

at Cedar Mountain, Virginia, August !>, 1H03. 
Claik L. Wilson, enlisted June 30, 1801; |)r .moted to Corporal. Killed 

at C:edar Mountain, Vii'ginia, August » 1803. 
William Adams, enlisted June 30, 1801. Killed at Cedar Mountain, Au- 
gust !), i8ti2. 
James Carroll, enlisted June 20, 1801. Killed at Winchester, Virginia, 

March 23, 1,S03. 
Allien C. Lamb, enlisted June 30. 18til. Killed at Winchester, March 33, 

1803. 
KUeridge Meacham, enlisted April 33, ISOl. Killed at Antietam, Mary- 
land September 17, 1803. 
Kdgai G. Meekins, enlisted March 7, 1803. Killed at Cedar Mountain, 

Virginia. August 0, 1802. 
tieorge O. Sperry, enlisted June 20, 1801. Killed at Antietam, Maryland, 

September 17, 1803. 
Grant Goodrich, enlisted Juno 30, I.S01. Died in hospital at Alexandria, 

Virginia, July 39, 1803, 
James McCabe. enlisted June X. 1801 ; taken Drisoner at Cross Lanes, 
Virginia, August 30, 1801 . Paroled and died at Cleveland, Ohio, while 
on furlough January — , 1803. 
Morris Uaxter, see Field and Staff. 

Asa H, l'"itch, enrolled as Sergeant April 33, 1801; wounded at Winches- 
ter, Virginia. March 2:i, 1803. Discharged December 19, 1873. 
Neliemiah O. Kddy, enlisted AprU 33, 1801; promoted to Corporal. Dis- 
charged July 1 1, 1803. 
David I. ICnekial enrolled as Corporal June 20, 1861 ; promoted April 18 

1803, to Sei-geant . 
William E. Smith, enrolled as Corporal June 30, 1801; wounded at Win- 
chester, Virginia, March 33, 18<i3. and at Cedar .Mountain, Virginia, 
August 9, 18ii3. liischargeil at hospital December 9. I8ii2. 
Alonzo Austin, enlisted June 30. 1801. Dischargeil July 31. 1S(]3. 
Abraham S. Bennett, enlisted Septi-mber .">, 18(;3. Discharged October 

18. 1803. 
Charles Cunningham, eulisted April i'i. 1801. Discharged September 

10, 1803. 
William Council, enlisted June 30, 1801 ; wounded at Cedar Mountain, 

August 9, 1803. Discharged Oclolicr 18, 1802. 
Charles L. Chapman, enli-ted A|iril 33, 1801. Taken prisoner at Cross 
Lanes, Virginia, August 20, 1801. Released January 13, 1863, aud 
discharged. 
• lohn Coyle, cnllste<l June 30, 1801; wounded at Cedar Mountain, Vir- 
ginia, August 9, 1803. Discharged January 9, 1863. 
.lolui Davis, enlisted August 38, li>03. Discharged for disability Feb- 
ruary 2, 1803. 
Kugene W. Elliott, enlisted June 30, 1801. Discharged July 10. 1803. 
Charles Kagan, enlisted June aJ. 1801; wounded at Winchester, Vir- 
ginia. March ■£>. 1.803. Dischargeil January I, 1863. 
Leonard Geitz, enlistcnl June 30, 1861. Discharged May 2.). 18(i3. 
.losiah M. Holt, enlisted April 2:), 1801. Dischai-ged .lanuary 'J, 1803. 
riiny E. Hill. enllsU-d June 20, 1861 ; wounded at Cedar Mountain, Vir- 
ginia, August 9, 1803, and at Antietam, Maryland, September 17, 
18ia. Dischargeil October 3."i, 1863. 
,lohn Hayli>r, enlisted June 20. 1801. Dischargeil November 13, 18B2. 
Benjamin Haahtield, eulisttd June 30, 1881; wounded at Cedar Moun- 
tain, Virginia, August 9, 1863. Discharged November 0. 1863. 
John D. .lones. enlisted Juue 30. 1.861. Dischargeil February 1, 1862, 
William F. Latch, enlisted April 23, 1801; wouuiled at Ci^dur Mountain, 
Virginia, August 9, 1802. Dischai-ged January 29, 186:1. 



Edward L. Marble, enlisted April 33, 1861. Discharged February 1, 1802. 
Roswell E. Mathews, enlisted June 20, 1861. Discharged for disability 

November 38, 1802. 
Martin Nicholas, enlisted June 20, 1861. Discharged January 9, 1803. 
Charles Cowan, enlisted April 22, 1801 ; discharged at hospital, March 1, 

180:t; re-enlisted September 25, 1803; wounded July 30, 1.S04; trans 

ferred to Company B., 5th Regiment, October 31, 1804. Mustered out 

July 30, 1805. 

C0M1'.\NV I,'. 

Llewellyn R. Davis, enrolled as Cori>oral .June 19, 1801. Promoted to 
Second Lieutenant Company D, May 1. 1803; to First Lieutenant 
Company E, November 2, 1803; to Captain Company C, March 30, 
1804. Taken prisoner at Dallas, Georgia, May 35, l.SGl. Discharged 
December 19, 1801. Re-onlisted as Lieutenant Colonel of tho One 
Hundred and Eighty Seventh Regiment, Marcli|3, 1805. Mustered out 
January 23, 1800. 
Charles E. Wall, enlisted August 23, 1803. Killed at Ringgold, Geoi-gia, 

November 37, 18*i3. 
Joseph McCauon. enlisted August 35, 1862. Died July 23, 1863, from 

wounds receiveil at Gettysburg, July 3. 
Levi Myers, eidisted August 30, 1803. Died in hospital at Nashville, De- 
cember 30. 1803. 
Thouuis Sweet, enlisted August 39, 1803. Died November 30, 1803, of 

wounds received at Ringgold, November 37. 
Nicholas Gaflett, enlisted September 10, 1803. Discharged February 18, 

1863. 

Philip Grigsby, enlisted September II, 1863. Discharged July »1, 1803, 

because of wounds received at Dumfries, Virginia, December 37, 18(i2. 

Edward E. Kelsey, enlisted February 27, 1-02. Discharged March 23, 1804. 

True Raud, enlisted August 30, 1803. Transferred June II, 1804, to Com- 

I)any B, Fifth Infantry. 
John I'hillips, enlisted September 8, 1802; wounded at Ringgold, Georgia, 
November 27, 1803. Transferred Juno 11. 1804, to Company B, Fifth 
Infantry. 
William O. Barnes, enlisted August 15, 1803; wounded at Ringgold, 
Georgia, November 37, 1863. Transferred to Fifth Regiment, Com- 
pany B, October 31, 1864. Discharged for disability. 
Freeman Bunker, enlisted August :10, 1863. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1804, and promoted to Corporal. Mus- 
tered out June 5, 1805. 
Alfred T. Dann, enlisted September 13, 1803. Transferred to Company 

B, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1804. Mustered out Juiu- 5, 1805. 
John Finneran. enlisted September 4, 1803. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, ISOl. Mustered out July 36, 1865. 
Daniel P. Wood, enlisted August 13, 1803. Killed at Ringgold, Georgia, 

November 37. 186:1. 
Benjamin L. Sevey, enlisted August 33, 1803. Discharged for disability 

February 5, 180:). 
R. C. Van Orman, enlisted August 30, 1863. Discharged for disability 

February 15, 18iM. 
James W. Raymond, enlisted August 6, 1863. Promoted to Corporal. 
Wounded at Ringgold, Georgia, November 27, 186:j. Transferred 
Juue II, 1804. to Fifth Infantry, 
lames C. Bartlett, enlisted August 18, 1863. Transferred June 11, 1864 

to Fifth Infantry. 
Franklin M. Forbes, enlisted August 14, 1803. Transferred to Company 

B, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. Discharged. 
Silas Gleason, enlisted Augu 1 9, 1803. Transferred to Company B, Fifth 

Regiment. October 31, 1804. Mustered out May 30, 1805. 
William Grant, enlisted August 11, 1863. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. Transferred again to Veteran 
Reserve Corps . 
Owen Hicks, enlisted August 30, 1863. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment. October 31, 1804. Promoted to Fii-st Sergeant June 
180.5. Mustered out July 30, 1805. 
.lohn T.,owrey, enlisted August :M, 1802. Transferred to Comi)aiiy B, 

Fifth Regiment. Octol)er 31, 1804. Mustered out Jidy 30, 1805. 
James T. Myers, enlisted August :iO, 1803. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1861. Mustcri'd out June ii, 1865. 
William Proctor, enlisted August :», 1803. Transferred to Company B_ 
Fifth Regiment. October 31, 1801. Transferred agam to Veteran 
Reserve Corps. 
Joseph M . Stowc. enlisted August 30, 1802. Transferred to Company B> 

Fifth Regiment Oct<)ber31, 1801. Mustered out May l."i, 1863 
Mitchell H Sheldon, enlisted August io. 1803. Transferred toCompany 
B. Fifth Regiment OcUiber 31, 18iH, and promoted to Sergeant 
Mustered out Jinie 5, 1805. 

COMPANY 1). 

George Shively . enlisted August 25, 1808. Discharged fordisability Jau- 
uarj' 13, 180:1. 

John B. Wirts, enlisted August 14, 1803. Discharged for disability Feb- 
ruary 19, 1803. 

FrcHlerick Bose, enlisted March 20, 1802. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, Octolier 31, 18(H Disehai-god March 30, 1863. 

Edwin Green, eidisted August lu, 1863. Transferred Juno 11, 1801, 
to Fifth lufrntry. 



92 



GENEKAL HISTOKY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



William J . Hutcliiuson, enlisted August 15, 1863. Transferred to Com- 
pany B, Fifth Regiment, October 31, lbU4. Mustered out June 5, 
1S65. 

Westal W. Huut, enlisted August 15, 1862. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, WIH. Mustered out June 5, 1M!5. 

George Henrick, enlisted August 25, 1862. Transferred to Company B. 
Fiftli Regiment, Octuber 31, ISW. Mustered out July 12, 1865. 

Sherman R. Norris, enlisted August -S. lH*i2. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, m'A. Mustered out June 5, 18(i5. 

Albert W. Nash, enlisted August 2(1, 1H62. Transferred to Comjiany B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1804. Mustered out July 26, 1865. 

Samuel R. Pullman, enlisted August 13, 1S62. Transferred to Company 
B, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. Mustered out June 21, 1865. 

George Valleau, enlisted October ri, 1862. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1861. Discharged for disability. 

John A. B'ranks, enlisted June VJ, 18iil: taken prisoner May 3, 1863; re- 
.ioined the Company November 5, 1863. Mustered out July 7, 1864. 

Alfred E. Smith, enlisted June 7, 1861. Mustered out with the Company 
July 7, 1861. 

Perry H. Smith, eulisted Juno 7 1861. Mustered out with the Company. 

Norraau L. Norris, enlisted April 2;i, 1861 ; promoted to corporal. Died 
at Alexandria, Virginia, September 4, 1862, from wounds received at 
Cedar Mountain August iilh. 

Emory W. Force, enlisted us sergeant Jime 19, 1861. Discharged for 
disability May 10, 1862. 

Amos C. Fisher, enlisted June l!l, 1801; promoted to Corporal. Dis 
charged for disability May 10, 1862. 

John A. Cutler, enlisted June 19, 1861. Discharged October 22, 1863. 

Thomas M. Lander, enlisted June 111, 1861. Discharged October 27, 1862. 

John Rowe, enlisted June HI, 18<)1. Discharged October 11', 1862. 

.Tames A. Rubicon, enlisted June I'J, 1801. Discharged for disability Oc- 
tober 30, 1862. 

Stephen A. Smith, enlisted June 7, 1861. Discharged for disability June 

16, 1S6S. 

COMPANY E. 

Oliver Griunell, enlisted August 30, 1862. Killed at Ringgold, Georgia, 

November 27, 1863. 
Daniel Floro, enlisted September 3, 1862. Died at Alexandria, Virginia, 

Januarys, 18&i. 
Jesse Floro, enlisted September 3, 1862. Transferred to Company B, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1804. Mustered out June 5, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

Albert C. Burgess, transferred from Company A. Promoted to Captain 

November 25, 1861 . Resigned July 'J, 1862. 
Oscar W. Sterle, enrolled as Sec'»nd Lieutenant of Company K June 

17, 1861. Promoted to First Lieutenant February 2, 1863, and trans- 
ferred to Company F. Resigned April 18, 1863. 

Harlow Camp, enlisted August SI, 1862. Died at Harper's Ferry, Vir 
ginia, November 25, 1863. 

John Rohr, enlisted June 30, 1861. Discharged for disability October 1, 
1862. Re-enlisted October 23, 1802. Accidentally wounded, and dis- 
charged July 3, 1803. 

John Bergin, enlisted October 10, 1862. Transferred June 11, 1864, to 
Fifth Infantry. 

William Stanford, eulisted March 28, 18tM. Transferred to Company G, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. 

Isaac Stratlon, enlisted April 20, 1861, in Company A. Transferred to 
Company F, June 20, 1861 . Promoted to Sergeant February 28, 1863. 
and to First Sergeant September 1, 186^1. Wotmded slightly at Chan- 
cellorsville, Virginia, May 3, 186^1. Lost left eye at Gettysburg, July 
3, 1863. Killed near Dallas, Georgia, May 25, 1864. 



Albert Stedman, eulisted March 27, 1802. Killed at Port Republic, Vir 
giiua, Junea, 1802. 

Enoch M. Douthett, enlisted August 8, 1862. Died at Dumfries, Virginia, 
March 4, 1863. 

George H. Clark, eulisted. September 13, 1863. Transferred to the Inva- 
lid Corps August 15, 1803. 

Tunis S. Danforth, enlisted Jidy 2ti, 1802. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. Mustered out June 16, 1865. 

Ephraim FUckinger, enUsted August 11, 1802. Transferred to Invalid 
Corps, August 11, 1863. 

John Garrison, eulisted August 8, 1868. Transferred to Company B, 
Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. Mustered out June 5, 1865. 



Christian Nesper, enlisted in Company K, April 22, 1861. Promoted to 
Second Lieutenant, July 25, 1862; to First Lieutenant, November 1. 
1883, and to Captain; traustei red to Company H, April 23, 1864- Mus- 
tered out July 7, 1864. 

Amnion D. Baruum, enlisted August 21, 1802. Died at Harper's Ferry, 
Virginia, February 12, 1863. 



Samuel H. Bamum, enlisted August 20, 1802. Died at Washington, D. 

C, May 17, 186;3, from wounds received at Chancellorsville, Virginia, 

May 3. 
William H. Fox, enlisted August 26, 1862. Discharged November 30, 

1863, for disabili y caused by wounds. 
Solomon Bi-obst, enlisted September 6, 1862. Transferred to Company 

G, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
James C. Brook.s, enlisted August 30, 1862. Transferred to Company 0. 

Fifth Regira. ut, October 31, 1864. 
Ed. A. Crosby, enlisted August 13, 1862. Transferred to Company G, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Frank .1. Covert, enlisted August 33, 186'2. Transferred to Company G, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1804. 
Peter M. Hardman, enlisted August 37, 1862. Transferred to Company 

0, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
James Loveless, eulisted August 38, 1802. Transferred to Company G, 

Fifth Regiment, Octiiber 31, 18IU. 
Jonathan Moore, enlisted August 38, 1862. Transferred to Company G, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Otis Martin, enlisted August '23, 1863. Transferred to Company G, Fifth 

Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
George W. Oliver, enlisted August 11, 1863. Transferred to Company G, 

Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Abrabaiu Kamalia, enlisted August 33, 1862. Transferred to Comiiany 

O, Fifth Regimeut, October 31, 1864. 
James Hunt, enlisted August 22, 1862. Transferred to Ctiuipany G, 



Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1804. 

Randall B. Palmer, enlisted December 17, 1861. Discharged for disa- 
.ibility July -ii, 1862. 

Thomas B. Dorau, enlisted June 111, 1861. Transferred to Veteran Re- 
serve Corps, March 16, 18i>4. 

George Metcalf, enlisted December 17, 1861. Transferred to Comjiany 
B, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. Discharged at end of term, 
December 17, lS(i4. 

Theodore W. Pratt, enlisted December 17, 1861. Transferred to Com- 
pany G, Fifth Regiment, October 31, 1864. 

COMPANY K. 

John T. Schulte, enrolled as Captain April H-i, IWil. Killed in skirmish 

near Cross Lanes, Virginia, August 20, 1861. 
E. T. Krieger, enrolled as First Sergeant April 2-2, 1861; promoted to 

First Lieutenant April 13, 1862, and to Captain February il, 1863. 

Mustered out jiily 0, 1864 
L, F. Mitchelm, enrolled as First Lieutenant June 17, 1861. Resigned 

April 13, 1802. 
Christian Nesper. enli-sted April 22, 1861; promoted to Second Lieutenant 

July 25, 1862; to First Lieutenant November 1, 1863, and to Captain 

Company H April 33, 1864. 
Oscar W. Sterle, enrolled as Second Lieutenant June 17, 1861; promoted 

to First Lieutenant February 2, 186'2, and assigned to Company F. 
Charles Ludwig, enlisted June 3, 1861 ; promoted to P'irst Sergeant Feb- 
ruary 1, 1861. Mustered out with the Company July 7, 1861. 
George Sold, enlisted April 32, 1861; promoted to Sergeant. Blustered 

out with the company. 
John Hacfele, enlisted April 'H, 1861; promoted to Sergeant. Mustered 

out with the company. 
Conrad Sommers, enrolled as Corporal April 32, 1861. Mustered out 

with the company. 
John Schott, eulisted April 22, 1861; promoted to Corpural. Mustered 

out with the company. 
Charles Zinunernian, eulisted August 2, 1802. Transferred to Company 

G. 5th Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Charles Walley, enlisted August 9, 1862. Transferred to Company G, 5th 

Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Charles Haehkel, enlisted April '23, 1861. Transferred to Mississippi Ma- 
rine Brigade. 
Sigo Tyroler, enlisted August 25, 1802. Transferred to Company G, 5th 

Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Jacob Schneeberger, enlisted October 7, 1861. Transferred to Company 

G, 5th Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Franz Schaedlor, enlisted October 7, 1861. Transferred to Company G, 

5th Regiment, October 31, 1804. 
Michael Schmidt, enlisted August *27, 18(>3. Transferred to Company G, 

5th Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Martin Saizer, enlisted August 30, 1802. Transferred to Company G, 5th 

Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
John Sohurssler, enlisted June 3, 1861. Transferred June 11, 18(V4, to — . 
Joseph Rowe, enlisted August 21 , 1862. Transferred to Company O, 5th 

Regiment, October 31, 1864. 
Henry Hoffman, eulisted August 35, 1802. Transferred June II, 1861, 

to . 

David F. Dorr, eulisted August '20. 1862. Transferred June 11, 1864, to 



SEVENTH INFANTRY. 



93 



Coney Deitz, enlisted AugiisfcSO, 1802. Transferred to Company G, Fifth 
Regiment, October 31, ISGI. 

Conrail Bnchman, enlisted llecemljer i8, ISda. Transf'erreil lot'ompany 
G, Fifth llegiment, OctolierSI, IKIU. 

William Weber, enlisted August 27, 1862. Promoted to Corporal . Trans- 
ferred June 11, IfWI, to . 

Andrew Riek, enlisted October 5, 1861. Promoted to Sergeant. Trans- 
ferred June 11, 1864, to 

Christian Oeltinger, enlisted Julie 3, 1861. Transferred to Company G, 
I ifth Kegimeut October 31, 1861. 

Herman Tetzer, enlisted March 28, 1862. Discharged Juno 14, 1864, for 
disability cause<i by wounds 

Ji>hn Bauer, enlisted June 3, 1861. Mustered out with the Company, 
July 7, mu. 

Fi-ideriok Bock, enlisteil April 22, 1861 

Albert Burgur, enlisted Juno 3, 1861. 

Henry Kaubol. enlisted April 22, 1861 

Kngelbcrt Fen/., enlisted June 3, 1861 

Tobias Flabbig, enlisted June 3, 1861. 

Christian llahn, enlisted June3 1861 

Geor-ge H..IT. 
September 



Mustered out with the Regiment. 
Mustoi*ed out with tlie Kegiment. 
Mustered out witli the Itegiment. 
Mustered out, witli the Kegiment. 
Mustered out with the Regiment. 
Mustered out with tiie Company, 
enlisted April 22, 1861 . Lett sick at Washington D . C . , 
, 1868. 



Solomon Rentz, enlisted June 3, 1861 . Mustered out with the Company. 

John L. Riimo', enlisted June 3, 1861. Mustered out with tho Company. 

George Ruckler, enlisted April 22,1861. Mustered out with the Com- 
pany. 

Ferdinand Kchlegel, enlisted April 22, 1861. Mustered out with the 
Company. 

Fred. H. Schmidt, enlisted April 22, 1862. Mustered out with the Com- 
pany 

Hiury Schmidt, enlisted June 3, 1861. Mustered out with the Company. 

Jolm Schwenck, enlisted April 22, 1861. Mustered out with the Com- 
pany. 

Frank Miller, enlisted June 3, 1861. Mustered out with the Company. 

George Raquette, enlisted June 3, 1861. Mustered out with the Com- 
pany. 

Frederick Selbach, enlisted April 22, ISUl. Mustered out with the Com- 
pany. 

George Wandel, enlisted April 22,1871. Mustered out Willi I lie Com- 
pany. 

Jacob Wenner, enlisted June 3, 1861. Mustered out with tlie Company. 

George Zipp, enlisted Ai>ril 22, 1861. Mustered out with the Company, 

Henry Sehlattmeyer, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged for disability. 

John Smith, enlisted June 3, 1801. Discharged for disability July 
30, 1862. 

John Stegmeyer, enlisted April 23, 1861. Discharged for disability No- 
vember 27, 18S2. 

Fred. W. Steinbauer, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged because of 
wounds February 2. 1862. 

John T. Voelker, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged for disability Febru- 
ary 18, 1863. 

George Weissenbach, enlisted April 22, 1861. Discharged July 21, 1862. 

Julius Wolf, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged July 30, 1862. 

Anthonisius Zitlsniann, enlisted June 3, ISCl. Discharged July 30, 1862. 

John Volker, enhsted October 7, 1801. Discharged for disability July 
7. 1862. 

William Lantcrw assar, enrolled as Sergeant April 22, 1861; promoted to 
1st Sergeant. Died at Washington, July 3, 1862. from wounds re- 
ceived at Port Republic, June U. 

Henry Ackermau, enlisted June 3, 1861, Killed at Ciianceilorsville, 
May .'iO, 1862. 

Frank Dietrich, enlisted April 22. 1861. Killed at Wiijcliester, March 
•a, l.'<62. 

John Doll, enlisted June 3, 1861. Died September 10. \t»il, from wounds 
received at Cross Umes, Virginia, August 26th, 18(il. 

Henry Frank, enlisted June 3, 1861. Killed at Cedar Mountain, August 



'J, 1862 



1861. Killi'd at Winchester, Vii 



Frank Karbacher, enlisted Apri 
ginia, March '2:1, 1862. 

Frank Lorenz, enlisted October 8, 1861. Killed at Winchester, Virginia. 
March 2:!, 18<i2. 

Jidin Geissler, enlisted April 22, 1861. Died August 28, 1861. from wounds 
received at Cn.>ss Lanes, Virginia, August 26, 1861. 

Vincent Meader, enlisted April 22, 1861. Killed at Cedar Mountain, 
August il, 1802. 

John Muiitz, enlisted Octulwr 8, 1861. Died at Cumberland, Maryland, 
February 21, 1863. 

Jacob Noik, enli.sted April 32, 1801. Died April 2, 1862, from wounds re- 
ceived at Winchester, March Zi. 

William Pfahl, enlisted April 23, 1861. Kdled at Ringgold, Georgia, No- 
vember 27, 186:!. 



Victor Perlev, enlisted August 25, 1863. Killed at Ciianceilorsville, Vir- 
ginia, May 2, 186:1. 
William Russell, enlisted April 22, 1861. Died at Frederick, Maryland 

■Tune 1, 1862, from wounds received at Winchester, Virginia. March 2.3^ 
John Reber, enlisted October 7, 1861. Killed at Port Rejiublie. June 11, 

1862. 
John Schuibs, enlisted Ajiril 22, 1861. Killed at Port Republic, June (i, 

1803. 
John Stern, enlisted April 22. 1861. Killed at Cedar Mountain, August !i, 

1862. 
.fosepli Seibel. enlisted April 22, 1861. Killed at Winchester, Virginia, 

March 2:^, 1802. 
Franz Weber, enlisted April 22, 1861. Died at Gallipolis, Ohio, Septeni- 

lier 2, 1802. 
John Wiegand, enlisted Aiwil 22, 1861. Died while a jiris. ner, Septeni 

ber 13, 1802. 
John Weiland, enlisted October 17, 1861 Killed at Cedar Mountain. 

August !», 1863. 
Frederick Schinkel, enrolled at Sergeant, April 22, 1801. Missing since 

battle of Cedar Mountain, Virginia, August t). 1802. 
John Leiitky, enlisted October 5, 1861. Missing since battle of Port Re- 
public, June 9, 18ti2. 
William Voges, enro'led as Sergeant, April 22, 1861. Killed at Port Re 

public, June!), 1862. 
Adolphus Rohlmann, enrolled as Sergeant, April 82, 1861. Died at New 

Orleans, while jirisoner, November 13, 1.862. 
Elmore Hinkston, enrolled as Sergeant, .lune 3, 1861. Promoted to f-'irst 

Sergeant. Dieil at Chattanotjga, Tennes.see, January 21, from 

wounds received in action. 
James Grebe, enrolled as Corporal April 23, 1861. Promoted to Ser 

geant. Died at Alexandria, Virginia, August 27, 18*i2, from wounds 

received at Cedar Mountain, August 'J. 
Cliarles Rich, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discliarged July 26, 1862. 
William Ritchie, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged February 2. 1862, for 

disability caused liy wounds. 
Henry Roshotte, enrolled as Corporal April 82, 1861: promoted to Ser- 
geant. Discharged for disability July 10, 1862. 
William Butzman, enrolled as Corporal April 22. 1861 ; promoted to Ser- 
geant. Discharged for disability February 18, 1863. 
Henry Strachle. enrolled as Corporal April 22, 1861 ; promoted to Ser 

geant. Discharged for disability Nove-nber 26, 18ii2. 
Herman Schaub, enlisted June 3, 1801 ; promoted to Sergeant. Discharged 

for disabiUty April 3, 180:1. 
Jacob Kurtz, enlisted June 3, 1801; promoted to Sergeant. Discharged 

because of wounds April 10, 18!i:l. 
VVi liani Lehr, enlisted April 22, 18(ii ; jiromoted to Corporal. Discharged 

on account of wounds July 3, 1802 
George Denzel, enlisted April 22, 1801 ; proi 

on account of wounds July 21, 1S62. 
Christian Reisse, enrolled as Corporal Jii 

count of wounds July 21, 1862. 
John numraell, enlisted April 22, 1801; p 

charged on account of wounds October : 
Peter Kind, enrolled as musician April 23, 1861. Discharged for disa 

bility October 2, 1861.' 
Phillip Anthony, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged on account of 

wounds September 1, 1862 
Constantine Arnibrunster, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged for disabil- 
ity February I'J, 1863. 
Simon Bell, enlisted April 23, 1861. Discharged July 38, 1802. 
Charles Breitenbach, enlisted April 23, 1S61. Discharged on account of 

wounds December 11, 1862. 
Fred. Brinckelmeyer, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged July 21, 1862. 
John Colbrun, enlisted April 22, 1861. Discharged July II), 1862. 
Louis Dehmel, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged. 
Edwin Dunton, enlisted June :i 1861. Dischai'ged. 
Emil Glanser, enlisted June 3, 1861. Dischargetl. 
Charlis Graiter, enlisted Juno 3, 1801. Discharged on acccount of 

woiuuis December 111. 1863. 
Gottlieb Grucnowald, enlisted June 3, 1801. Discharged July 26, 18(i2. 
Jacob H. liege, enlisted April 23, 1801. Dischargeil July 21, 1862. 
Fred Gassand, enlisted June .i, 1*>1. Discharged July 21. lNi2. 
Henry Lehr, enlisted June 3. I8til. Dischai'ged June '27, l.sO-2, 
Andrew Malichiis. enlisted April it, 1861 Discharged beeau'e of 

wounds, October II. 1861. 
Matthias Herkel, enlisted June 3, 1861. nischan;ed February 28. l.sr,;). 
Fred. Mitchell, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discliai^ed on account of wounds 

Novemlier'21, 1863. 
Theodore Miller, enlisted June 3, 1801. Dis«rhar(,ed. 
Gottlieb Popp, enlisted June 3, 1861. Discharged for disability October 

2. 1801. 



otedto Corporal. Discharged 
<■ 3, 1861. Discharged on ac- 
oteil to Corporal. Dis- 



94 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XVI 1 1. 

EIGHTH, FOURTEENTH AND SEVENTEENTH 
INPANTKY. 

Ciiinpuiiy H, of till- EiRhtli — Ortraiiized tor Three Months — Re-orRan- 
i/.>'d for Three Years — In West Virginia — Loss from Sickness- 
Romney and Hanging Rociv — Blooniing Gap, Cetiar Creek and Stras- 
bnrg — Battle of Winchester — Numerous Skirmishes — South Moun- 
tain and Antietam — F ed jricksburg — Cliancellorsville — Gettysburg 
— Heavy Loss — Skirmishes at Bristow Stfilion, Mine Run, etc.. in 
ISSl- Tlie Bitlle of Martins Foixl- The Battle of the Wilderness- 
Cold Harbor and l*etersbui-g — Mustered Out — Members from Cuya- 
hoga County - Fourteenth Infantry — Mention of its Services- Its 
Membere from this C<mnty — Seventeenth Infantry — Mention of its 
Services — Membei's from this County — The Colonel of the Twentieth. 

EIGHTH IXFASTUY. 

Tliii uoniK'ctioii of tlic Eighth witli Cuyahoga is 
coiiliiied to Company 15, having eigiity men, aiuloiieor 
two of Company D. Tiitjse were enlisted originally 
for the three-moutlis service, in resjionse to the Presi- 
dent's first call for troops in April, ISGl. In June 
following all of the companies, except Company I, 
were re-enlisted for three years. On July 9, 18U1, the 
regiment left Cain|) Dennison, and arrived on the 
l".2th at West Union, Va. For several weeks it was 
stationed among the mountains, and along the Balti- 
more and Oliio railroad, where the meu suffered 
severely from fever. At "Maggotty Hollow" over 
three hundred were in the hospital, and thirty-live 
deaths resulted in a short time. 

On September "24111, the Eighth engaged in the 
battle of Ivonmey. At Hanging Rock it was under 
fire, and lost several in killed and wounded. On 
October 24th, for a second time at Romney, and soon 
afterwards at Blue's Gap. On February 14, 18(J3, 
it was engaged at Bloomey Gap; on March ISth 
at Cedar Creek, and ou the lOtli at Strasburg as 
skirmishers. The regiment wtis deployed as skirmish- 
ers before and after the battle of Winchester. The 
killed and wonuded during this battle was more than 
one-fourth of its number. 

During March and April the regiment skirmished 
at Woodstock, Mount Jackson, Edinburg and New 
Market. In May, from Rectortown it skirmished 
a distance of eighteen miles. At Chickahominy 
Swamps it wtvs again engaged; losing seven wounded. 

At South Mountain the Eighth formed jiart of the 
reserve corjis, not actively engaged, but skirmished at 
Boonsboro' and Reedy ville. 

At Autietam, while ^engaged, the Eighth and the 
Fonrteenlh Indiana were obliged to change front, 
which Wiis done with great steadiness, saving the 
brigade from rout. 

The regiment movetl with its cor])s to Bolivar 
Heights, and on October 1st, to Lecsburg. From 
there to Falmonth, skiniiishingat Hulltown, Snicker 
Gaj) and United St^ites Ford. At Fredericksburg the 
Eighth was in the right wing. In passing np Han- 
over street, it lost twenty-eight, and at the close of the 
battle the loss was thirty-four killed and wounded. The 
regiment w;is under constant fire for nearly four days 
at Cliancellorsville, losing only two killed and eleven 
wouudeii. At Gettysburg, July 3d, the regiment 



cajitured and held a well defended knoll; three times 
repulsed the attacks of superior numbers, and cap- 
tured three stands of colors. Its loss was one 
hundred and two killed and wounded. The regiment 
engaged in several skirmishes prior to August 15, 
18G3, when it was sent to New York to (juell the 
riots. Returning to the field, it was engaged at An- 
burn and Bristow, October 14th, having two wounded. 
On November 27th, 28th and 29th, the regiment acted 
as skirmishers at Robinson's Cross Roads, Locust 
Grove and Mine Run, losing several men. At the 
battle of Morton's Ford, February G, ISG4, several 
officers and men were wounded. 

At the Wilderness the Eighth was engaged on May 
6th, 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th and 12th, losing in all over 
sixty killed and wounded. It also engaged in iinmer- 
ous skirmishes from S|)otsylvania to Petersburg; took 
and held a fort at North Anna, and fought at Cold 
Harbor and Petersburg. 

At the expiration of its term the Eighth was in the 
trenches before Petersburg with only seventy-two 
officers and men. 

On ,Iuly lo, 18G4. the regiment was formally 
mustered out of service. 

.MEMBEU-S FROM CUYAHOGA COUKTY. 

COMPANY B. 

William Kinney, enr. as Captain April 18. ISBl. Mustered out with the 

regiment July 13. ISW. 
James K. O'Reilly, enr. as First Sergeant April 18. IStil; pix>moted to 

First Lieutenant September 2-3, 1883. and to Captain March 3. ISiVI. 

Mustered out with the re^-iment July 13, 1864. 
VVillianr Delaney, eul. as First Lieutenant .\pril 18, 1801; wounded at 

Antietam September 17, 18id. Died September *)d, 18C2. 
Thomas F. Galway. enr. as Sergeant April 1."*. 1801 : promoted to Second 

Lieutenant September 7, 1863. and to First Lieuteaant Januaty 30, 

1.81)3. Mustered out with the regiment. 
John Lautry, enl. as Second Lieutenant April 18. 1861. Killed at Antie- 
tam September IS, 1863, 
John HenneBsey, enr. as Sergeant April 18, 1861. Mustered out with the 

regiment. 
John G. Fairchild, enr. as Sergeant AprU 18,1861; pi'omoted to First 

Sergeant. Wounded July 3, 1864. 
Charles McCartney, enr. as Corporal April IS, ISUI. Mustered out with 

the regiment. 
John Tracey, enr. as Corporal April 18. 1861; promoted to Sergeant. IHa 

charged for disability December 'iij, 1863. 
Chauneey Lathrop, enr. as Corporal April 18, 1862. Discharged for dis- 
ability November 36, 1863. 
Edward J. Newell, enr. as Corporal April 18. 1861 ; promoted to Sergeant ; 

wounded May 18, 1864. Mustered out with the regiment. 
James Kell,v, enr. as Corporal April 18, 186!; promoted to Sergeant. 

Died of wounds, July 7, 186:i, received at Gettysburg. 
Richard ORourke, enr. as Corporal April 18, 1861. In hospital at Wash- 
ington May 13, 1864. 
Patrick O'Leary, enr. as Corporal April IS, 18'J!; promoted to Sei-ge^nt. 

Mustered out with the i*egiment July 13, 1864. 
John Reedy, enr. as Corporal April 18, 1861. Discharged September 3;i ' 

1863. 
William H. Alderman, enl. June 19, 1861. Discharged for dis;tbility Jan. 

uary 6, 186;}. 
Joseph Burton, enl. June 17. 1S61. Discharged for disability November 

3:3, 1863. 
John Burk, enl. June 18, 1861. Wounded July 3, 1863. 
William Brown, enl. June 13, 1861. Killed at Gettysl)ui-g, .July 

3, 186:3. 
Henry Black, enl. June 13, 1861. Mustered out with the Regiment. 
James Brown, enl. June 14. 1861. Mustored out with the Regiment. 
Lewis Buhran, enl. June 8. 1861. Discharged for disability November 

20, 1862. 
Samuel Brown, enl. June 23, 1861; promoted to Corporal same day. 

Mustered out with the Regiment. 
William Cones, enl. April 18. 1861. Discharged October 25, 1863. 
John E. Chichester, enl. May 35, 1861. Died December 28, 1863, of 

wounds received at Fredericksburg, Virginia. 



EIGHTH, rouuTEENTn and seventeenth infantry. 



95 



Patrick Cashon, enl. June 17, ISfil. Mustered out with the Regiment. ] 
Stephen .1. Carr, enl. June 8, 1K61. Killed Di?fcembcr 39, 18l!l, at Wire 

Bridff**, Virginia. 
Fn-derick Coiuielly, enl. J une 1.3. 1801 . MusU-red out with the lleRinient. 
William Campion, enl. June 15. 1881. Killed Septemlwr 17, 18(12, al 

battle of Aniietam, Maryland. 
James I'onlaii, enl. June 9, 18«l; promoted to Serjeant: wounded al 

Wilderness. May 10. 18(it. Mustered out with the Kegiment. 
.lames Penief, enl. April IH. ISfil. DiscliarKed October i"), l««!i. 
J. dm Dumphey, enl. June 10, ISCI. Transferred to Invalid Corps 

July 15, IStB. 
Jiiseph Kvans, enl. June LI, l.'Sfil; promoted tx) Corporal. Mustered out 

with Hie Kegiment. 
Jneob Kralier, enl. June 13. 18IJI. Must.ered out with Ihr, regiment. 
Charles (lallagher. enl. June 11, 18U1. Muslerctl out with the regiment. 
Edward Gibbons, enl. June 11, ISIU. Diseh irged October ai, 1H(W. 
Edward Gorman, enl June ■-►i, IHHl. Transfeireil l.> Invalid Corps, May 

II, 18ftt. 
Kdward Greer, enl. April 18, 18(;i. 

,Iohn Hogan. enl April 18, 1861. Discharged October 25. 1802. 
James Hardway. enl. April 18, 1801. Discharged for disability. May 11, 

18«:), 
Henry Hall. enl. June 17, ISfd. Discharged October 25, 1802. 
James Iliggins. enl. June 9. 18Si. Died October 24, 1801. at New Creek, 

Virginia. 
Simon Hogan. enl. June n, ISfll. Discharged for disability, August 20, 

lS(i-). 
William Joyce, enl. April l.H, 1801. Discharged for disability .lanuary 5, 

180:1. 
Francis Kidly, enl. June 11, IROl. Discharged October 35, lKO:i. 
Eugene Lalinre, enl. April 18, 1801. 

Joseph Lloyd, enl. April 18, 1801. Mustered out with the regiment. 
James Ijieper, enl. June 13, 1801. Discharged for ilisability October 20, 

1801. 
Thomas Largee, enl. Jime 15, 1801. Mustered out with Ihi' lii'giment 

July 13, 18114. 
Peter Mainans, enl. April 18. 1801. Promoted to Cor|ioral; niu.stered 

out with the Regiment. 
Joseph Moonshine, eid. April 18, 1861. Discharged for disability March 

21, 180.3. 
Henry II, McKeever, enl. April IS 1801- Discharged for disability Feb- 
ruary 17, 1863 
Hernaril Milvey, enl. June 11, 1.%1. Disi barged for disability April 18, 

ISlll. 

,lolin Jlalone, enl. June 11, 1801. Promoted to Corporal; woimded May 

15. 18111. Left in Hospital in Rhode Island. 
John I). McNamarn, enl June 9, 1801. Discharged fur tlisability De- 

eend>cr 17, 1.S02. 
Alexander MeLain, enl. June 21. l.'Wll. Discharged for disability .\ti 

gust 13. 1S02. 
Allen McDougiill, enl. June II. 1801. Discharged fur disability Novem- 
ber 13, 1S(,2. 
Thomas Mmison, enl June I. 18(11. Discharged for disabilily August 13, 

1803 
William McDonald, enl. June 18, 1801 Discharged for disability I)e- 

eemljer 21). 1801 . 
Bernard McGuirc, enl. ,Iune 22, 1801. Died, July 10, 180.3. of wounds 

received atGeltysbuig 
Keyt.in Niggle, enl June in. IKiii Discharged f.ir disability July 0. 1801 . 
William o'Hallem. enl. April 18, 1811. Discharged f.)r disability May 

3, 1S02. 
Thomas (J'Kelly. enl. April 18, 18(il. Dis hnrg.-il for .lisabilily May 2, 

isftl. 
.lames O'Ncil, enl. June 9, 1801. Tran.iferred to Invalid (^1^ps August 

11, 1803. 
( Innliner Oaks, eni. June 11 1801 . Disch.irged October 25, 1802, 
John (juinn, enl. June 14, 1811. Killed .at Spottsylvnnia. May •il. 18C4. 
.lames C. Rogers, enl. April is. iSdi Discharged for disability April 

II, 180.3. 
Thomas S<|Uires, enl. Jnne 10. ISOl. Discharge.! October S.5, 1X03. 
John Sheridan, enl. June 17, ISOI. Discharged October 25, tmi. 
John Sliepheiil, enl. June 17, 1801. Killed at Aniietam, Maryland 

Sepiendier 17, 1803. 
George T. Upright, enl. April 18, 1801. Wounded July .3, 1803. 
George R, Wils«m, enl. ,June 14, 1801. Killed at Qeltysbiirg. July 

3, 1803. 
Alfred Wood, enl. June 14. 1861. Mustered out with the Regiment. 
Charles F. Wamekey. enl. April 18, 1801. Discharged for disability 

at Cumberland, Maryland. 
David Wilson, enl June 1, 1801. Mustered out with the Regiment. 
,lohn Garvey, enl. ,ltme 5, 1801 ; transferred to and commis-sioned in 
7th Virginia Volunteers. Killed at .Antietam. Maryland, Seplember 
17, I8(i3. 
.lohn Hawley.enl. October 31, 1861; transferred to 4th Ohio nailal 
ion, Com]>any B., .June 24, 1801. Discharged at enil of term. N.ivem 
ber 28, 1804. 



COMPANV n. 



Joseph Dewalt, enl. June .3, 1801, Mustered out with the Kegirueru 
July 13. 1801. 

I'oriiTKKN Til 1 N'FAXTKV. 

'I'lio nu'inliors (if I his iTninicnt, from Ciiyalioira 
couiitv, iiiiif in iiimibt'i-, wore enlisted in l.SO-l in 
Co.s. A. I anil K. As menilxM-s of llic FoiirteenMi 
tliey engafiei] wiUi the regiment in the battle at 
.lonesboro, jnirsiieil Ilood'.s troops on their advance 
into T'ennes.see, joined Slierman"s forces at Atlanta, 
and particiiiated in the " .March to the Sea," and 
throiigli the Carolinas to Goldshoro'and Haleigh. 

T'he regiment was mustered out at Louisville in 
July, 1S(;.5. 

MFMIUCKS I'liOM ( IVAHOCA COINTY. 



Thomas Hines. enl, Seplemlier 27. IHdl, Dis<harged with the regiment 

Jidy 11, 1865. 
Henry Lesson, enl. Sepl<Muber 20, 1.801. Discharged ,Iime 3, 1865. 
Francis L. .lunes, enl, September 20, 1801. Disidiarged .lune 3, 1805. 



Ii.ivi.l Loper, eid. De<"ember 15, 1863. Promoted to Corporal May 1. 

IMil, and to Sergeant November 20, 1801. Mustered out with the 

regiment July 11, 1805. 
George Bm-ton, eid. January 25. 1804. Mustered out with the regiment. 

rOMI'ANV K. 

Robert J. Barnes, enl. September 'Si, 1801. Discharged June 3, 1805. 
Edward Condon, enl. September 37, 18()l. Discharged June 3, 1805. 



Isaac Parker, cur. a,s ("oriioral De<i>ndier 15, istvi. Discharged .lune lu, 

1805. 
Joseph StuU, enl. Septemler 2:). 1801. Discharged June -3, 1865. 

SF.VEXTEICNTH INFANTRY. 

The members from Cuyahoga county in the Seven- 
teenth were ten in number, nine of whom were en- 
listed in Co. E in ISiJ-t. and saw but very little service 
that could lie called severe. Tln\v followed Sherman 
through the ('tirolinas, passed in review before the 
President at Washington, and were mustered out at 
Louisville in July. lS(;.'"i. 

MK.MIIFKS I'KdM CI VAIIOCA COINTV. 

FlKI.n AND STAFF. 

Henry .1 Herrick. enrolled as Assistant Surgeon February 14, is<,_' 
Promoted to Surgeiin December 12, 1802. Resigned September 3(i. 
Isoi. 

COMPANV S. 

.Iiilian Berbinger. enlisted Seiitembcr 36, 1804 . Diini at Savannah, Geor 

gia, March 3, 1805, 
Walter H. Teeple. enl. Septembers?, 1864. Died at Goldsboro, North 

Carolina. March 24. 1802. 
.lames UcBriile, enl. Septcmlwr 22, 1864. Discharged June 7, 1865. 
William Neville, enl September 23, 1S(H. Dischaigeil June 7, 1805. 
Henry Stark, enl . September 20, 18(M. Discharged .(une 7. 1805. 
Archibald Scott, fnl Sept<niber 28, 1801 Discharged June 7, ISM. 
William Simps, enl. September 21, 1804. Dischai-ged June 7, 1865 
James Wilson, enl. September 26, 1801 Discharged June 7, 1805. 
John Wetzel, enl SepU-mber 3.3, 1801. Discharged June 7. 1865. 

r w ic N 'r I i;r 1 1 i n f a n t in' . 

Charles Whitllesey. appointitl Assistant Quarter Ma.ster General of 
Ohio, April 1.5, 1801 ; Chii'f Militar)- Engineer of State of Ohio, .luly 
4. 1S01; (Ntlonel Twentieth Infantry August 19, Isoi; chief Engineer 
Military Department of Ohio September 2:!, IHOI Resigned April 
19, 1.802. 



96 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CnAPTER XIX. 

THE TWENTY-THIRD INFANTRY, 

Celebrated Officers — Number from Cuyahoga — The Regiment serves 
in West Virginia — Carnifex Ferry — Services in Autumn and Winter 
of lasi — A Winter March -A Sharp Fight — A Forced March -Bat- 
tle of South Mountain — Hayes wounded— A Brilliant Biyonet 
Charge— Antietam - Corporal Bull's Pistol — Back in West Virginia— 
The Victory of Cloyd Moiintain - New River Bridge — Hunter's Expe- 
dition to Lynchburg — Retreat — Extraordinary Hardships — In the 
Shenandoah Valley — The Battle of Winchester — Fighting all Sum- 
mer — The Battle of Opequan — Crossing a SI 'Ugh — A Complete Vic- 
tory — North Mountain — Cedar Creek — Sheridan in the Field — An- 
other Victory — Colonel Hayes made a Brigadier —Subsequent Ser- 
vices of the Regiment-- Mustered Out. 

This regiment lias become celchvated hy the mimlier 
of distinguished men who have graduated from its 
ranks. When it was organized at Camp Cliase, Ohio, 
in the month of June, 18G1, its colonel was William 
S. Rosecrans, afterwards major general and com- 
mander of the army operating in middle Tennes.see; 
its lieutenant-colonel was Stanley Matthews, late 
United States senator, and its major was Rutherford 
B.Hayes, now President of the United States. Col. 
Rosecrans was appointed a brigadier general within a 
few days afterwards, and was succeeded by E. Parker 
Scammon, who also, at a later day, became a brig- 
adier. Among the subsequent colonels was James M. 
Conily, now minister to the Sandwich Islands. 

There were in all two hundred and forty-six mem- 
bers of the regiment from Cuyahoga connty, includ- 
ing the whole of Com[)any A, the greater part of 
Company D, and a few men each in Companies E, F, 
a and I. 

On the 35th of July, 18G1, the regiment ^Jroceeded 
to Clarksljurg. West Virginia, and was occupied 
thronghout the summer in that State, operating 
against guerrillas, guarding important points, etc. 
In the forepart of Sejitember the Twenty-Tiiird, as 
apart of Gen. Rosecrans" army, marched to Carnifex 
Ferry, where, on the evening of the tenth of that 
month, it was busily cngagaged in skirmishing with 
the enemy. The latter abandoned his position during 
the night, and was pursued by the Twenty-Third and 
other regiments to Big Scwell Mountain. The regi- 
ment soon fell back to Camp Ewing on New river, 
where they remained several months, suifering severely 
from sickness. 

During the autumn the Twenty-Third was thor- 
oughly drilled by its oIKcers, and soon attained great 
proticieucy. In January and February, 18C;i, Com- 
panies A, B, F, and G, were stationed at Raleigh 
Court-Hou.se, under Major Comly, and on the tenth 
of the latter month that officer marched with his men 
twenty-eight miles through a snow storm to the mouth 
of Blue Stone river, driving a regiment of rebel in- 
fantry across that stream, and capturing their tents, 
forage, etc. The gallantry and fortitude displayed in 
this exploit were highly complimented by Gen. Rose- 
crans in general orders. 

The regiment remaineil in winter ((uarters until the 
33d of April, when it moved in the a<lvance of the 
brigade toward Princeton, under the command of 



Lieute4iant Colonel Hayes. On the 8th of May nine 
companies of the Twenty-Third were attacked by 
four i-ebcl regiments under General Heth, and after a 
gallant resistance, were forced to retreat. Soon after, 
the command proceeded to Flat Top mountain, where 
it remained until the middle of July. 

After the month spent at Green ^leadow, the 
regiment made a forced march of a hundred and four 
miles in a little over three days (claimed to be the 
fastest on record by a force of that size) to the Great 
Kanawha, whence it went by boat and car to Wash- 
ington, I). C. Thence it proceeded under Gen. Mc- 
Clellan to meet Lee, and on the 14th of September, 
18(J3, engaged in the battle of South Mountain. 

This was the first severe battle in which the regiment 
took part, and it proved to be one of the hardest in 
which it ever was engaged. Though only a compara- 
tively small portion of the army was in this battle, 
yet that portion was called on to display its utmost 
courage. The enemy was posted behind stone-walls ^ 
and poured in musketry, grape and canister on our 
advancing columns at short range, and with terrible 
effect. About nine o'clock the Twenty-Third, three 
hundred and fifty strong, commanded by Lieutenant 
Colonel Hayes, advanced with the utmost gallantry. 
In a short time that officer was badly wounded, 
Lieut. Henry G. Hood, of Cuyahoga county, met with 
a similar misfortune, and a hundred officers and men 
(nearly thirty per cent, of the whole numix'r) were 
killed and wounded. 

Major Comly then took command, and engaged 
successfully with a rebel force on the left. Col. 
Hayes soon came back with his wound half dressed, 
and insisted on fighting, against the remonstrance of 
his officers, until, weak from from loss of blood, he 
was carried from the field. The whole brigade now 
made a gallant charge across an open field against the 
enemy ensconced behind a stone-wall. Our inform- 
ant, Lieut. Benjamin Killam, who was wounded in 
the battle, declares that the only men he saw killed 
with the bayonet in the numerous conflicts in which 
he took part, were slain in this charge. With cheers 
of defiance the Union men rushed forward at the top 
of their speed across the open space. The rebels re- 
mained behind the wall until their enemies were 
springing over it. They then attempted to escape, 
but many of them were slain with the bayonet before 
they could do so. 

Two other bayonet charges were made by the brig- 
ade during the day, but the rebels broke before they 
could be reached. The regiment, in company with 
its division, continued the contest until near night- 
fall, the enemy being driven back at all points. 
Nearly two hundred men of the Twenty-Third, more 
than half the whole number engaged, had been killed 
or wounded. Among the former was Capt. Abraham 
G. Hunter, of Cuyahoga county; among the latter 
from that county were Joshua L. Barnes, John Dunn 
and Thaddeus G. Ross. The severity-of the conflict 
was also emphasized by the condition of tiie colorsj 



T\\" KXTV-TII II!I » I NFAXTRY. 



97 



wliich were riddlod with liullets, the " field " being 
almost entirely carried away. 

At Antietam tlie regimeut was less severely en- 
gaged, but even there it suffered seriously from a flank 
attack by the enemy in which the colors were shot 
down, although they were immediately replanted by 
.Major Comly in a new line, where the regiment 
(juiekly established itself and succeeded in repulsing 
its assailants. 

Among the mortally wounded at Antietam '/-as 
Corjioral Sheridan E. Bull, of Solon, in this county. 
He fell just as tlie regiment was compelled to give 
way Ijefore the sudden attack of the enemy. He car- 
ried a pistol marked with his name, "'S. E. Bull." 
Seeing the enemy advancing, he hastily dug a hole 
and concealed the wedpou. One of his comrades, 
Private Henry, noticed the act, and made a hasty ob- 
servation of the surrounding objects. Both men were 
captured. Bull died while a prisoner; Henry re- 
covered and was exchanged. Sixteen and a half 
years after the battle, in the month of April last, Mr. 
Henry, then principal of the public schools at Coshoc- 
ton, Ohio, revisited the field of strife, discovered the 
locality in cjuestion, and after a little digging had the 
good fortune to find the pistol of his old comrade, 
badly rusted but still intact, and still bearing the name 
■'S. E. Bull," cut by the fingers of the young patriot 
when he went forth to battle for his country. The 
weapon was sent to Corporal Bull's father, L. S. Bull, 
Esq., now postmaster at Solon, mentioned in the his- 
tory of that township as a son of the earliest settler. 

In October the Twenty-Third returned to West 
Virginia, where Col. Scammon was appointed a brig- 
adier-general. Lieut.-Col. Hayes was commissioned 
as colonel. Major Comly as lieutenant-colonel, and 
Capt. J. P. McHrath, of Cuyahoga county, (Captain 
of Company A) as major. 

The regiment was on garrison and scouting duty in 
West Virginia, without being called on for very seri- 
ous work, from this time until the last of April, 1864, 
when it marched with the forces under General Crook 
HI a raid on the Virginia and Tennessee railroad. 
The men made a very severe march through moun- 
tains, forests and snows, and on the 9th of May found 
tlie enemy intrenched on the first crest of Cloyd 
.Mountain. 

Passing through a belt of woods, the line came to 
an open meadow, beyond which was a wooded hill, 
with rougii breastworks near the top defended by in- 
fantry and artillery. Led by its ofticers, tiie regiment 
charged swiftly across the meadow under a heavy fire, 
and then, after a brief pause, dashed up the hill and 
drove the rebels from tiieir intrenchments at the point 
of the bayonet. Our informant, previously mentioned, 
describes it as "a sharp, little fight while it lasted." 
Two attempts were made l)y the reljels to rally higher 
up the mountain, but in both cases they were easily 
routed. 

Capt. A. A. Hunter, of Cuyahoga county, (com- 
mander of Com[iany K) was killed in the action, and 



forty or fifty oflScers and men were killed and wounded. 

At New River Bridge, on the same expedition, (-May 
10, lSO-1,) there was a sharp and successful skiruiisli, 
after which the bridge and several miles of the Vir- 
ginia and Tennessee railroad were destroyed. 

After another month of hard marcliing and occa- 
sional skirmishing over the mountains of West \'ir- 
ginia, the command joined General Hunter's forces at 
Staunton, in the Shenandoah valley, on the 8:h of 
June. The whole command then proceeded up the 
valley and across toward Lynchburg. They defeated 
the enemy in a sharp fight two miles from that city, 
but as no attack was made that night, heavy re-en- 
forcements were brought up from Richmond, and its 
capture became impracticable. 

The army then retreated to West Virginia. The 
whole expedition was one of extraordinary severity, on 
account of the hard marching through the moun- 
tains accompanied by a great lack of food. Daring 
nine days of continuous marching and fighting the 
men had less than quarter rations, and when they at 
length met a supply-train they are described ijy an 
officer present as camping and "eating all night." 

In the following month Crook's command, includ- 
ing the Twenty-Third,' was ordered to the Shenandoah 
valley to meet Early. On the S-tth of that month the 
regiment took part in one of the numerous battles of 
Winchester. This was one in which the United 
States forces were defeated; the Twenty-Third having 
ten officers and a hundred and forty-three officers and 
men killed and wounded. 

It were idle to attempt to recount the unnumbered 
marches, countermarches and minor conflicts which 
occurred during the remainder of the summer. They 
may be summed up in the words of the gentleman 
before <iuoted. "we were fighting all the time," 
saiil he; '• We fought more that summer than we did 
during all the rest of our service." During the sum- 
mer the Twenty-Third was consolidated witii the 
Twelfth the new regiment comprising seven com- 
panies of the former and three of the latter, and 
retaining the name of the Twenty-Third. 

At the battle of Opequan, on the lOtli of Se|)tem- 
ber, Hayes' brigade, including the Twenty-Tiiird, 
was in advance on the exti-eme right of the infantry. 
After driving back the enemy's cavalry and coming 
under fire from his infantry, the brigade readied a 
slough, some fifty yards wide, in which the water was 
nearly waist deep, while beneath it was a bed of soft 
mud, of varying depth and treacherous consistency. 

The whole line halted at this formidal>le obstacle, 
but Colonel Hayes, the brigade commander, plunged 
in, and, altliough his horse several times fell in the 
mud, urged him on and reached the farther shore, the 
first one across. The brigade followed, many men 
being drowned in the treacherous morass, but most 
of them reached the farther shore, formed their lines, 
dashed upon the enemy and drove them back. This 
was repeated several times: the cavalry charging 
every time, and capturing a large number of prisou- 



08 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 



ers. The division commander was wounded and car- 
ried from the field; leaving Colonel Hayes in com- 
mand, who led the division during the remainder of 
the battle with the most reckless gallantry — half of 
the time being in advance of the line of infantry. 

The result of the whole battle was a complete vic- 
tory for the Union arms, eight battle flags and several 
thousand prisoners being captured, of which the 
Twenty-Third took two hundred. 

At the battle of North Mountain, Hayes" brigade 
charged with such fury that the rebels made almost 
no resistance and were driven in utter rout from their 
intrenchments, while the Unionists suffered very 
little loss. 

On the 19th of October the Twenty-Third took 
part in the battle of Cedar Creek; the conflict which 
has become celebrated throughout the country by the 
meteor-like appearance of Sheridan on his coal-black 
steed to retrieve the fortunes of the day. The enemy 
having stolen across an unguarded ford, Crook's com- 
mand and the Nineteenth corps were driven back 
with heavy loss. At length, however, they established 
themselves on a new line, and were awaiting develop- 
ments when Sheridan dashed np from Winchester. 
A roar of cheers greeted him, and, after making the 
necessary arrangements, he ordered the advance of 
the line. Another great victory was the result; the 
infantry driving back the enemy again and again, 
and the cavali-y, as before, charging eacii time and 
capturing prisoners by the thousand. 

Colonel Hayes was promoted to brigadier general 
and Lieutenant-Colonel Comly to colonel for their 
part in the battle of Cedar Creek; their commissions 
both dating from that day. 

The regiment remained in the valley and in West 
Virginia during the remainder of the war, but was 
not called on to take part in any important conflicts. 
It was mustered out on the ^oth of July, 1865, and 
then proceeded to Camp Taylor, Cleveland , where 
the men were paid off and discharged. 

3IE11BEKS FROM CUYAHOGA COIXTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Russell Hastings, enr. as Second Lieutenant Company I, May 2i, 1861 ; 

promoted to First Lieutenant March 23, ISIH; to Captain Company 

K August S 18KJ: and to Lieutenant Colonel March S, 1865. Mustered 

out with the regiment. 
James P. Mcllrath. enr. as Captain May 18, 1861 ; promoted to Major 

November 3, 18153. Mustered out at end of term, June 11, 1864. 
Harry Thompson, enr. as First Sergeant May 18, 1861; promoted to 

Second Lieutenant July 34. I,^'61 ; to First Lieutenant September 24, 

1862: to Captain June 14. 1864; and to Major March 8, 1863. Mustered 

out with regiment. 

NOX-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Jehial L. Chamberlain, enr. as Corporal Company A May 18, 1861 ; pro- 
moted to Sergeant November .30, 1863, and transferred to Non Com- 
missioned Staff, with rank of Commissary Sergeant January 12, 1863. 
Mustered out with the regiment July 26. 1863. 

Edward V. Spring, enr. May 18. 1861: transferred to Nou-Commissioned 
Staff as Chief Musician July 1, 1864. Mustered out July 26, 1865. 

James Thompson, enl. May 18, 1861; transferred to Non-Commissioned 
Staff as Commissary Sergeant July 1, 1864; promoted to Quarter- 
Master Sergeant January 12, 1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865. 



Eugene Clark, transferred from Company I, and made Captain Company 
A May 1, 1863. Mustered out July 26, 1865. 



Wallace J. Woodward, ^nr. as First Lieutenant May IS. 1861. Promoted 

to Captain Company G July 24, 1861. 
Benjamin Killam, enr. as Corporal May 18, 18!il ; promoted to Sergeant 

November 30. ]81'3; to Second Lieutenant January 14. 1864; and to 

First Lieutenant July 1 1804. ' Mustered or.t with the rtgiment. 
John F. Wall, enr. as Second Lieutenant May 18. 1861: promoted to First 

Lieutenant July 24, 1861. Resigned September 19, 1861. 
George W. Hicks, enr. as Sergeant May IS, ItSI; promoted to Second 

Lieutenant Fel)ruary 8, 1862, and to First Lieutenant November 20, 

1862. Resig'.ed June II. 1864. 

William P. Chamberlain, enr. as Corporal May 18, 18t51; promoted to 
Sergeant; to Second Lieutenant November 3, l?fi2; and to First Lieu- 
tenant August 8, 1863. Mustered out at end of term, June 11, 1864. 

Frederick Thompson, enr. as Corporal May )8. 1861; promoted to Sei^ 
geant November 30, I8ta; to Second Lieutenant October 11, 1-864; and 
to First Lieutenant April 20, 1863. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Orville W. Richards, enr. as ■■ oiporal May 18, 1861; promoted to Ser- 
geant; to Second Lieutenant August 18. 1863. Mustered out with the 
regiment. 

Charles H. Moore, enr. as Sergeant May 18, 1861; promoted to Second 
Lieutenant Jul}' 14, 1864. Resigned .September 2:i, 1864. 

Chai'les A. Willard, enr. May 18, 1861; promoted to Sergeant November 
30, 1863; and to Second Lieutenant April 30, 1865. Mustered out with 
the regiment. 

Charles H Moigan, enr. May 18. 1861; promoted to Sergeant; and to 
Second Lieutenant August 18, 1863 Transferred to Company D May 
1, 1865. 

Leander H. Lane, enr. as Corporal Company D May 20, 1861 ; promoted 
to Sergeant November ^, 1863; to Second Lieutenant of Compan.v A 
July 24. 1864; to Firet Lieutenant Company G July 21. 1864. 

Hugh McCanna. enl. May IS, 1861; ijromoted to First Sergeant May 1' 
1865. Mustered out with the regiment. July 26, 1885. 

Cassius L. Mather, enl. May 18. 1801 ; promoted to Corporal October 1, 
1803; and to Sergeatit April 20. 1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865. 

James Hays enl. May 18, 1861; promoted to Corporal November :Wi 
1863; and to Sergeant May 1, 1865. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Nathan L Kelley, enl. May 18, lt61; promoted to Corporal November 30. 
1803: and to Sergeant May 1, 1865. Slustered out with the regiment, 

Jolm K. Wise, enl. May 18. 1861; promoted to Corporal October 1, 1863. 
Mustered out with the regiment. 

Eli H. Botstord, enl. May 18. 1861; promoted to Corporal October 1, 18(3. 
Mustered out with the legiment. 

Charles Biscut, enl. May 18, 1861; promoted to Corporal November 30. 

1863. Mustered out with the i-eginient 

Charles Hartman, enl. Maj- 18, 1801 : promoted to Corporal January 24, 
1805. Mustered out with the regiment. 

John Black, enl. as private May 18, 1861; promoted to Corporal May 1 
1865. Mustered out with the regiment. 

David T. Howe. enl. May IS, 1861: promoted to Corporal May 1, 1865. 
Mustered out with the regiment. 

Thomas Bowra, enl. May 18, 1801. Mustered out with the regiment. 

John Biscut, enl. February 5, 1805. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Hugh Cameron, enl. December 31, 1803. Mu.stered out with regiment. 

John H. Clute, enl. January 5, 1864, Mustered out with the regiment. 

Joseph C, Caldwell, enl, Kovemberl, 1663. Mustered out with regiment. 

Charles E. Dermott, enl. Dec. 22, 1.803. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

Charles E, Dibble, eul. Feb. 34, i:S04. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

James B Greenup, eul. Feb, 24.1864. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

James A. Hill, enlisted May 18, 1861. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

Johnson Black, enl. Njv. 29. 1803. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

Albert G. Bently, eul. Dec. 26, 1863. Mustered out with theRegiment 

Norman H. Bull, enl. Feb. 19, 186-4. Mustered out with the Regiment 

Frederick Hanna, enl. May 18, 1.801. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

Francis Halpin, enl. May 18, 1861 . Mustered out with the Regiment . 

Oren S. Hoyt, enl. May 18, 1801. Mustered cut with the Regiment, 

Levis, Harper, eul. May 18, 1861, Mustered out with theRegiment, 

Fatrick Hogan. enl. January 8, 1,S64. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

John Kalbriumer, enl Dec 3, I,sij3 Mustered out with the Regiment. 

William Lett, enl. Decembers, 1S0.3. Mustered out with the Regiment 

Edward Lynch, enl. March 34. 1861, Mustered out with the Regiment, 

George Kempf, enl May 18. 1861 , Mustered out with the Regiment. 

James S . Mitchell, enl. May 18, 1861 . Mustered out with the Regiment . 

Martin McGrath, eul. Jan. 14, 1864 Mustered out with tlie Regiment, 

Oliver R, Mosley, enl. Feb. 18, 1864. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

Edward A Parmalee, enl. January 28, 1864 Mustered out with the Reg- 
iment , 

Ednard J, Stephens, enl. January 14, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg- 
iment . 

Alexander Stew art, enl. May 18, 1861. Mustered out with the Regimei.t. 

Charles Stahl. enl. May 1-8, 1861. Mustered out with the Regiment, 

William H, Sawyer, enl, Ma.v 18. 1801. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

Bernard Schmitz, eul. May 18, 1801. Blustered out with the Regiment. 

Charles P. Smith, enl May 18, ISOl Mustered out with theRegiment 

Joseph Zelenka, enl. May 18. 1861. Mustered out with the Regiment, 

James Palmer, enl. May IS, 1861; promoted to Corporal and to Sergeant 
January 24, 1865. Mustered out with the Regiment. 

Henry L. Braddish, enl. May 18, 1861. Taken prisoner 3Iay 9, 1864. 



TWE.NTY-TillKl) IXFAXTHY. 



99 



Ira Burlinganie. enl. January 5, ISM. Mustered out with the Regiment. 
Jolin Caldwell, enl. January 25, 1864 Left, sick, at WiueUester. Vir- 
ginia, May 5, IHiio. 

Franklin Giles, enl. January 4, 18W. Taken prisoner. 

George Watson, enl December 3.3, 1S63. Left, sick, at Harpers Ferry, 

Virgniia. . 

Sheridan E. Bull. enr. as Corporal May IS. 1801. Killed at Autietam, 
Maryland. Se|itember 17. 1863. 

Michael Butler, enl. May 18, 1861; promoted to Corporal. Killed in ac 

tion. May 0, 18W 
Joshua L. Barnes, enl May 18. 1S61. Killed at South Mountain. Mary- 
land, September 14, l.'ei. 

George S. Ayres, enl. Dec. 30, 18C.3. Killed in action, July 34. I8«. 

John Dunn, enl. May 18.1861. Killed at South Mountain, Miryland, 
September 14. 1S63. 

Charles H. Hickox, enl. May IS. ISr.l. Killed at Cloyd Mouutaiu, Vir- 
ginia. May 9, 1.<IU. 

Jacob Heniy, enl. May IH, 1S61. Killed at Cloj'd 3Iouutain, Virginia, 
May ft, 1864. 

John G. Monger, juI. Jar.uaiy tT. It64. Killed at Winchester, Virginia, 
July 34, 1S64. 

Thadeus A. Ross, enl. May 18, 1864. Killed at South Mountain. Mary- 
land, September 14, 1863. 

Frank W. Burnell, enl. May 19, 1861. Died at Green Meadows, Virginia, 
August 5, 1862. 

Robert C. Cornwall, enl. May 18, 1861. Died of wounds received in ac- 
tion, November -3, 1863. 

Henry H. Cragin. enl. May 18, 1861. Died at Wheeling, West Virginia. 
December 34, 1S6.3. 

Manville Clark, enl, February 34, 1864. Died at Parkersbur^, West 
Virginia. July 37. 1864. 

Joseph W. Fell. enl. May 18, 1861. Drowned in Uttle Kanawha river, 
Augustas, 1861. 

Lorenzo A. Funver. enl. January ■■.3, 1804. Died in rebel prison at 

Danville. Virginia. 
Henry E. Uazeu, enl. May 18, 1861. Died at CrossLanes, Virginia, Octo- 
ber 3. 1861. 

William H. Hubbell, enl. February 23, 1864. Died in rebel prison at 
Danville, Virginia. 

Abram S Johnson, enl. February 33, 1864. Died at Frederick City, 
Maryland, October 19, 1S64. 

Alva A. Rice, enl. February 3, 1864. Died in rebel prison at Savannah, 
Georgia, August 23, 1864. 

Harry Thompson . ( See Field and Staff . ) 

Henry M. Haven, enr. as Sergeant, May IS, 1801. Promoted to Captain 
of Company G, December 10, 1801, 

Alfred A. Jerome, enl. May 18, 1801. Promoted to Corporal and to Ser- 
geant November 30, 186:J. Discharged for disability June 3, 1S03. 

James E. Doughty, enr. as Corporal May 18, 1861. Pomoted to Sergeant 
February 14, 18t)3. 

Asa 31. Van Sickle, enl. May 18. 1861. Promoted to Corporal. Discharged 
for disability July 1, 1S03. 

George C. Thui-stou, enl. May 18, 1861. Promoted to Cjrporal. Dis- 
charged at end of term. June 11, 1864. 

James H. Armour, enl May 18, 1861. Promoted to Corporal. Discharged 
at end of term June 11, 1864. 

Stephen Lejeune, enr. as Corporal Mas' 18,1861, Discharged for disa- 
bility Aprils, 1863. 

Sylvester F. Moore, enl. May 18, 1801. Discharged for disabiUty April 
3, 1862. 

John S. Chapman, enl. May 18, 1861. Discharged January 5, 18 i3. 

Wilbur Bentley, enl. May IS, 1861. Disch. for disabiUty May 16, 1863. 

Henry Burmester, enl. May 18, 1861. Disch. for disability May 28, 1.863. 

Andrew S. Barker, enl. May 18, 1881. Discharged .January 30, 1863, in 
order to join the Cavalry- - 

Thomas O. Connors, enl. May" Is. 1801. Transferred to Company H, 
.March 13, 1S64. Mustered out June 30, 1k64. 

John C. Corvin, enl. May 18, 1861 . Transferred to Company H, March 
1.5, 1«64. Mustered out June 80. 1864 

Uichael Deady, enl. May IS, 1861 . Discharged for disability February 
26. 1863. 

John Fitch, enl. May is. 1801 Discharged at end of term, June 11, 1864. 

Sanford H. Fitch, enl. May IS, 1861. Di-ich. for disability June 3, 1863. 

Andrew M. Green, enl. May IS, 1861. Discharged at end of term, June 
11, 1864. 

Edwanl E. Henry, enl. May 18. 1861. Transf. to Co. H, March 13, 1861, 
Mustered out June :», 1864. 

Joseph S. Harris, enl. M.iy 18, 1861. Promoted July 1. 1863, to Sergt. 

Frederick Harris, enl. May 18, 1861. Transf. to Co. H, March 15. 18<i4. 
Mustered out June 30, 1864 

John E. Hewitt, enl. May 18, 1861. Disch. fcjr disability. 

Henry W. Higby, enl. May 18, 1861. Transf. to Co. H, March 13, 1804 
Mustered out June 30, 1864. 

George W. Jenkins, enl. May 18. 1861. Disch. at end of term, June 11. 
1864, 

Thomas Jones, enl. May !■*. IS 11 Transf. to Co. H, March 13, 1864, 
Mustered out June 3.>, 1804. 



David H. Kimberly, enl. M ly 18, 1861. Disch. at end of term, Jime 11, 

1864. 

Washington Litch, enl. May 18, 1861, Transf. to Co. H, March 13. 1864. 
Clustered out June .30. 1864. 

Henry C. Lufkin. enl May 18, 1861 Trausf. to Co. H, Feb. 27, 1864. 
Mustered out June 30, 1S61. 

William G. Lee, enl. May 18, 1861. Disch for disability June 5, 1865. 

Edgar G. Meekius. enl. May 18. 1861. Disch. for disability June 1.1862. 

Edwin F. Parker, enl. May 18. 1861. Disch, atend of terra, June 11. 1864. 

James K. Rudolph, enl. May 18, 1861. Di.<ch. atend of term, June 11, 18t)4. 

Joseph Rudolph, enl. May 18, 1861 . Transferred JIarch I, 1803, to Com- 
pany A, Forty -Second Regiment. Disch. at eml of term, July 6. 18iW. 

Charles P. Smith, enl. May 18, 1861. Disch. at end of term, June 11, 18»>1. 

Joseph Smith, enl. May 18. 1861. Disch. at end of term, June 11, 1K04. 

William A. Till, enl. May 18, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 11, 1862. 

Isaac ninian, enl. .May 18, 1861. Disch. January 30, 1863, m order to 
enlist in the Cavalry. 

Henry S. Wenbau, enl. May IS, 1861. Transferred toOompany H March 
13, 1864. Mustered out June -30, 1864. 

William Wallace, eul. May 18, 1,S61. Disch. at end of term, June 11, 1864. 

Heury K. Wise. enl. May 18, 1861. Disch. for disability. 

Thomas J. v\ higam, enl. May 18, 1881. Disch. tor disability Jan. 21, 1862. 

Philip C. McU.ath, enr. as Sergeant May 18, 1861. Transferred to the 
Brigade Band September 1, 1801. 

Edwin B. Campbell, enl. May 18, 1801; promoted to Sergeant October 1, 
1862. Was discharged and re enlisted in the Tenth Cavalry, Com- 
pany M, as Second Lieutenant, July 2.5, 1803. 

Albeit Tucker, enl. Februiry 34, 1864. Died at Germantovvu, Pennsyl- 
vania, October 24, 1804. 

D. B. Ainger. eul. December 17, 1863. Mustered out July 26, 1865. 

Charles \V. Chapman, eul, lanuary 5, 1864. Transferred to the Brigade 
Baud January 0. 1864. 

John Brunei-, enr. as Musician December 12, 1863. Discharged for disa- 
bility June 14, 1805. 

WilUam Pettibone, enl. Jan. II, 1864. Disch. for disabiUty June 13, 1865. 

Seth I. Rhodes, enl. December 17, 1.S61. Died at FayetteviUe, West Vir- 
ginia, April 36, 1863. 

Lorenzo D. Hunt. enl. Dec. II, 1861. Disch. for disability June 1, 1863. 

James Olds, enl, Dec. 17, 1861. Disch. at end of term, Dec. 17, 18(>4. 

Asa Smith, enl. Dec. 17, 1861. Disch. at end of term. Dee. 17, 1804. 

Edward W. Roscoe, enl. May IS, 1861. Traiiiter.ed to Comijauy H March 
13, 1864. Mustered out June 30, 1864. 

Augustus Berschig, eul. Jan. 3, 1864. Disch. for disabiUty Jan 5. 1865. 

COMPANT B. 

Charles H. Morgan, enl. May 18, 1801, Company A; promoted to Ser- 
geant; and to Second Lieutenant August 18. 1803. Transferred to 
Company D. and promoted to First Lieutenant May 1, 1805; and to 
Captain Company B May 39, 1805. Mustered out with regimeut. 

Heury Richardson, enr. Second Lieutenant Company D May 20. 1861; 
promoted to First Lieuteuant Company B July 34, 1861; to Captain 
Company H, Fifth-Fourth Infantry, February 1, 1832. 

COMPANT C. 

Benjamin Jackson, transferred from Company I and ma le 1st Lieuten- 
ant of Company C, June 1. 18;3. Muitered out with the Regiment. 

John F. Cutler, enr. as Sergeant .May 2), 1801; prom ited to 2d Lieuten- 
ant July 23, 1861. Resigned September 22, 1861. 

COMPANY D. 

Howard S. Lovejoy, enr. as Captain, May 20, I80I ; wounJed at Autietam, 
Maryland, September 1S02. Resigned Feb. 13, 1803. 

Charles H.Morgan, enlisted in Company A May 18, 1861; trans- 
ferred to Company D and made 1st Lieutenant May I, 1865. Trans- 
ferred to Company B May 29. 1865. 

John T. Ogden. enr. as Corporal May 20, 1861; promoted to Sergeant, to 
2d Lieutenant April 20, .1864, and to 1st Lieutenant May ;iO, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Regiment July 26, 1865. 

Henry L. Hood enl. Company G as 1st Lieutenant, June 7. 1861; trans- 
ferred to Company D Jlarcb 31. 1862. and September 4th returned to 
Company G. 

Abram A. Hunter, enr. as 1st Lieutenant May 20, 1861; promoted to 
Captain Company K March 1. 1S62. 

Henry Richardson, eor. as 3d Lieutenant May 2'), 1861; promoted to 1st 
Lieutenant Company B July 24. 1861. 

Edward Cameron, enl. May 20, IStil; promoted to Sergeant and to l.st 
Sei-geant .March 4, 1863. Mustered out with Ihe Reg. July 26. 1863. 

John Gorman, enl. May 20. 1861; promoted to Sergeant. Mustered out 
with the regiment. 

Edwin Hawes. enl. May 20, 1S61. Mustered out with the regiment. 

George W. Penn. enl. Way 2>, lj61; promoted to Musician and mustered 
out with the regiment. 

Corydou Bassett. enl. May 30. 1S6I. Mustered out with the regiment. 

William Oraeber. enl. May 20, lS<il. Mustered out with the regiment. 

Joel Hance. enl. May 20. 1861. Mustered out with the regiment . 

Edgar Leach, enl. May 30, 1861 . Mustered out with the regiment. 



100 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Sylvester Leach, enl. May 20, 1861. Mustered out with the regiment . 

Henry Marmil'tein, enl. May 20, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 

David E. Scott, enl. May 20, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 

James Wortman, enl . May 20, 1861 . Mustered outwith the Reg. 

John H. Lindley. enr. as Corp. Ma.y 30, 1861; promoted to Sergt. Killed 
at South Mt.. Md.. Sept. 14. 1862. 

Isaac \V. Barker, enl. May 20, 1861. Killed at South Mt., Sept. 14, 1862. 

Hiram Durkee. enl. May 20. 1861. Killed at South Mt., Sept. 14, 1868. 

James Eldridge. enl. May 20, 1861. Killed at Autietam, Md., Sept. 17, 1862. 

Frederick Hooker, enl. May 30, 1861. Killed at South Mt., Md., Sept. 14, 
1863. 

Edward Sims, enl May 20, 1861. Killed at South Mt., Md., Sept. 14, 1862. 

William W. Hardy, enr. as Sergt. May 20, 1861. Died at Fayetteville, 
Va., Jan. 15, 1868. 

Harvey K. Law, enl. Ma.y 20, 1.S61; promoted to Corp. Died at Camp 
Ewing, Va., Nov. 2. 1861. 

Orin F. Green, enr. as Corp. May 20, 1861. Died at Raleigh, Va., April 
5, 1862. 

Samuel Clifford, enl. May 20, 1861. Died at rebel prison July 12, 1864. 

Gilbert G. field, enl. May SO, 1861. Lost on the steamer Sultana April 
85. 1865. 

John R. Searl, enl. May 20, 1861. Died at Raleigh, Va., March 16. 1862 

Eliphalet I. Taylor, enr. as Corp. May 20, 1861; promoted to Sergt. Dis- 
charged at end of term June 11. 1864. 

DenniBon C. Hanchett. enr. as Corp. May 20, 1861; promoted to Sergt. 
Disch. at end of term June 11, 1864. 

Lucius F. Gilson, enl. May 20, 1861; promoted to Sergt. Disch. at end 
of term June 11. 1864. 

Willis Chase, enl. May 20. 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Discharged for 
disability caused by wounds April 19, 1865. 

William E. Brooks, enl May 20, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Discharged 
at end of term June U, 1864. 

Clifton A. Bennett, enr. as Corp. May SO, 1861. Promoted July 28, 1863, 
to Sergt- Discharged at end of term June 11, 1864. 

James H Goddard, enr. as Corp. May 20, 1861 Discharged at end of 
term June 11, 1864. 

Edgar A. Price, enr. as Corp. May 20, 1S61 . Discharged for disability 
Dec. 18. 1862. 

Abraham Tanner, enl. May 20, 1861 . Promoted to Corp. Disch. at end 
of term June 11, 1864. 

Daniel Baker, enl. May 30, 1861. Disch. for disability Feb. 1, 1862. 

Wjlliam R. Boone, eni. May 20, 1861 . Disch. Sept. 20, 1861 . 

Jasper .^. Cooley, enl. May 20, 1861. Disch. June 14. 1863. 

John O. Beirn. enl. May 30. 1861. Disch. June 31, 1865 

James Crowder, enl. May 30, 1861. Disch. Nov. 33, 1862 

John Eaton, enl. May 2", 1861. Disch. for disability Nov. 29, 1862. 

Milton H. Franks, enl. May 30, 1861 . Disch. for disability Sept. 19, 1861 . 

Thomas Flack, enl. May 20, 1861. Disch. Jan. 23, 1863. 

John Goss, enl. May 30, 1861. Disch. April 1, 1863. 

William I. Holcomb, enl. May 20, 1861. Disch. for disabiUty April 17, 1863. 

Jacob Hartman. enl. May 20, 1861 . Disch. for disability May 4, 1863. 

Theodore Harris, enl. May 30, 1661 . Disch. at end of term June 11, 1864. 

David Peterman, enl. May 30, 1861 . Disch. for disability Oct. 26, 1862. 

Martin Ryan, enl. May 30, 1861. Disch. for disability Sept. 7, 1868. 

Truman S Seaman, enl . May 30, 1861 . Disch . for disability June 5, 1862. 

Maishall H. Sipler, enl. May 20, 1861. Disch. for disability March 16, 
1863. 

Ephraim Stevens, enl. May 80, 1861. Disch. at end of term June 11, 1864. 

Lawrence Squire, enl. May 20, 1861 . Taken prisoner July 24, 1664. Was 
released and Di*ch. June 8, 1865. 

Harry Wheeler, enl. May 20, 1861. Disch. for disability Sept . 20, 1861 . 

Sumuel Ward, enl. May 30, 1861 Disch. for disability Oct. 25, 1863. 

Henry Agar, enl. May 20, 1861 . Transf . to Co. K March 14, 1864. Mus- 
tered out July 6, 1864. 

George Archer, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf, to Co. K March 14, 18r4. 
Mustered out July 6. 1864. 

Joseph Brumley, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. H March 5, 1864. 
Mustered out June 30. 18M. 

George S Bidwell, enl. May 20, 1861 Transf. to Co H March 5, 1864. 
Mustered out June 30, 1864. 

Frederick V. Cogswell, enl. as Musician May 30, 1861. 

Sampson C. Curtiss, enl. May 30, 1861. Transf. to Co. H March 5, 1864. 
Mustered out June 30. 1864. 

David Danby, enl. May 30, 1861. Transf. to Co. K March 14, 18tM. Clus- 
tered out July 6, 1864. 

Ransom Fisher, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf to Co. H March 5, 1864. Mus- 
tered out June 30, 1864. 

William D. Hanson, enl. May 20. 1861. Transf to Co. K JIarch 14, 1864 
Mustered out July 6, 1864. 

Joseph Hower, enl. Jlay 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. K March 14. 1-6). .Mus- 
tered out July 6.1864. 

Philip Holzworth, enl. .May 20, 1861, Transf. to Co. K March 14. 1864. 
.Mustered out July 6, 1864. 

Henry M. Holzworth. enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. K March 14, 1864. 
Mustered out July 6. 1864. 

Theodore W. Ingersoll. enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. H March .5, 
1864. Mustered out June 30. 1864. 



William Jones, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. K March 14, 1864. Mus- 
tered out July 6, 1864. 
Allen H. Larned, enl. May 30, 1861. Transf. to Co. H March 5, 1851. 

Mustered out June .30, 1864. 
George Lowenstein, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. H March 5, 1864. 

Mustered out June 30. 1864. 
Anson K. Mills, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. K March 14, 1864. Mus- 
tered out July 6, 1864, 
Charles E. Manchester, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. K March 14. 

1864. Mustered out July 6, 1864 
Henry Montague, enl. May 2(i, 1861. Transf. to Co. K March 14, 1864. 

Mustered out July 6, 1864 
Henry Molter, enl. May 20, 1861 , Transf. to Co. K March 14, 18114. Mus- 

teied out July 6, 1864. 
Frederick Motre.y, enl. May 20, 18'31. Tiansf. to Co. K March 14, 1864. 

Mustered out July 6, 1864. 
Meredith McKinney, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. H March 5, 1864 

Mustered out June .30, 1864. 
George C. Reannourd, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. H March 5, 

1864. Mustered out June 30, 1864. 
Addison A. Root, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. K. March 14, 1864. 

Mustered out July 6, 1864. 
Warren Square, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. K. March 14, lI^64. 

Mustered out July 6, 1864. 
James H. Waldo, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. H, March 5, 1864. 

Mustered out June .30, 1864. 
Nelson H. Wing, eni May 30. 1861. Transf. to Co. H. March 5, 1861. 

Mustered out June 30, 1864. 
Thomas J. Wiley, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf to Co. H. March 5. 1864. 

Mu.stered out June -30. 1861. 
Charles Morgan, enl. May 20, 1861. Transf. to Co. K, Jlarch 14, 1864. 

Mustered out July 6, 1864. 
Leander H. Lane. enr. as Corp. May 20. 1861 . Promoted to Sergt. Nov. 

■27, 1863, to 2nd Lieut Co. A, July 2, 1864. 
Samuel McElroy. enl. as Musician May 30, 1861. Transf. to Co. K, March 

14, 1864. Disch, with the Co. July 6, 1864. 

COMPA.VY E. 

Orsou Holly, enl. Jan. .1. 1861. Promoted to Corp, June 2.s, 1865, Mus- 
tered out with the Co July 36, 1865. 
Jared S. Chamberlain, enl. March 35, IHtji. Mustered out with the Co, 
Charles Featherly , enl . March 23, 1864. Mustered out with the Co . 
Scott F. Huntley, enl. Feb. 3. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Horace A. Little, enl. March 23, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
David C. Stover, enl. Feb. 3, 1864. . Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPANY F. 

Alonzo Kingsbury, enl. Dec. 'XI. 1863 Mustered out with the Co. 
James Williams, enl. July 14, 1864. Disch. July 8, I86i. 



Wallace J. Woodward, First Lieut. Co. A, May 18, 1861. Prom. toCapt. 

Co. G. July 34, 1861. Died of fever at Camp Ewing, Nov. 6, 1861 . 
Henry M. Haven, enl. Sergt. Co. A, May 18, 1861. Prom, to Capt. Co. 

G, Dec. 10, 1861. Resigned Dec. 1, 1863. 
Henry G. Hood, enr. as 1st Lieut. June 7, 1861. Assigned to Co. D, 

March 31, 1862 Promoted to Capt. Sept. 4, 1862, and returned to 

Co. G. Wounded at South Mt., Md . Sept. 14, 1863. Disch. July fi 

1864. 
Leander H Lane, enr. Corp. Co. D, May 20, 1861. Prom, to Sergt 

Nov. 27, 1863; to 2d Lieut, Co. .-V, July .3, 1864, to 1st Lieut. Co. G, 

July 21, 1864, and to Capt. Co. I, Jan 12, 1865. 
Lewis Barrett, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Disch. June 30, 1865. 



Robert More, en' . as Captain May 22, 1861 , Res. March -ii, 1868. 
Leander H, Lane, enl Corp. Co. D, May 20, 1861. Made 2nd Lieut. Co. 

A. July 2, 1864, 1st Lieut. Co. G, July 21, 1864, and Capt. Co. I, 

Jan . 13, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Eugene Clark, enr, as Corp. May 22, 1861. Promoted to Sergt; to 2nd 

Lieut June 11, 1864; to 1st Lieut. July 1, 1864, and to Captain Co. 

A, May 1, 1865. 
Charles P. Conaut, enl. May 32, 1861 . Prom, to Sergt. Nov. .30, 1863; to 

2d Lieut. Oct. 8, 1864, and to 1st Lieut. April 20, 1865. Mustered out 

with the Reg. July 26, 1805. 
Benj W. Jackson, enr. us Sergt. May 83. 1861. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 

March 23. 1862. and to 1st Lieut. Co. C, Jan. 1, 1863 
Russell Hastings. (See Field and Staff.] 
Valeen Jackson, enl. Feb. 22, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 8, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. July 26, 1865. 
Perry C. Carroll, enl. Jan. 25, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George C, Jones, enl. May 22. 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael Ryan, enl. June 8, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patrick Scribner, enl Feb 24, 1864. .Mustered out with the Co. 
James Walker, enl. Feb. 8, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 



TWEXTY-FOUirni AND OTUER INFANTRY KEUI.MENTS. 



101 



John Hailloek, enl. June 8, ISW. Sick in Hosp at Baltimore since April 

15, 1805. 
William F. Greer, enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Killed at Cloyd Mt., Va., May !1, 1804. 
Charles Dille, enl. Sept. 1, 1863. Died in Andersonville prison Aug. 1, 

1SI54. 
Orin C. Johnson, enl. Deo. 38, 1863. Died in rebel prison at Salisbury, N. 

C, Dec. 16, 1864. 
Charles Bliss, enl. Feb. Sj, 1864. Disch. for disability 3Iay 39, 1805. 
Daniel B. Jenks, enl. Sept 1, 1803. Transf. to the Invalid Corps Dec. .31, 

1863. 

COMPANY K. 

Abrani A. Hunter, enr. 1st Lieut. Co. D. May 30, 1861. Prom, to Capt. 

Co. K, March 1. 1863. Wounded at South Mt., Md., Sept. 14, 1862- 

Killed at Cloyd Mt., Va., May 9, 1864. 
Russell Hastings, enr. Co. I, as 3d Lieut. May 33, 1861. :\Iade Capt. Co. 

K, Aug. 8, 1863. Prom, to Lieut. Col. March 8, 1865. 



C 11 A P T E K X X . 



TWENTY FOURTH. TWENTY SEVENTH AND THIR 
Ty-3EVENTH INFANTRY, ETC. 

Organization of the Twenty-fourth— Off to West Virginia— The Rebels 
defeated— To Kentucky and Tennessee— Pittsburg Landing — It goes 
north with Buell— Perryville- Stone River— Two Commanders Killed 
—Chickamauga— Mission Ridge — Dalton— Clustered out— Members 
from this County— Twenty-fifth Infantry— Transferred Men— The 
List— Twenty-seventh Infantry— Company G — Service in 3lissouri— In 
Pope's Arm}-- Battle of Inka —Battle of Corinth— Parker's Cross 
Roads — -At Memphis— In Middle Tennessee — Re-enlistment -The At- 
lanta Campaign— Dallas— Kenesaw—Xicojack Creek— Hard Fighting 
before Atlanta— Heavy Losses— To the Sea— Muster out— Cuyahoga 
Members- Thirtieth Infantry— Thirty-second Infantry — Thirt3--third 
Infantry— Thirty-seventh Infantry— The Number from this Connty 
Ordered to West Virginia— Fight at Princeton— At Fa.vetteville— On 
the Mississippi— The Assault on Vicksburg- Movement to Chatta- 
nooga — Battle of Mission Ridge— Relief of Knoxville — Re-enlistment 
— Resaca, Dallas and Kenesaw— Before Atlanta— Battle of Ezra Chapel 
— Jonesboro — Subse'iuent Services— ^Members from Cuyahoga County. 

TWKXTY-FOl'RTH IXFAXTKY. 

This reginient was organized at Camp Chase in the 
latter part of June, 1801. The records show that 
tifty-four members, all Germans, were from Cuyahoga 
county, lieaded by Lieutenant (afterwards Captain) 
Jacob Dichl. 

The regiment went to West \'irginia in the latter 
part of July, serving at Cheat Mountain Summit 
(luring August and Sejjtember. On the morning of 
September Vith it was surrounded and attacked by 
a brigade of rebel soldiers. After a skirmishing tight 
of three hours the assailants tied, leaving some of 
their number dead on the field besides a few who were 
taken jjrisoners. The Twenty-fourth, being defended 
by abatis, had only two men wounded. On the 3d of 
October the regiment was slightly engaged at Green- 
brier, having five men killed and Avounded. 

In November tlie Twenty-fourth moved to Ken- 
tucky, joining the Tenth Division, Army of the 
Ohio. In February, 1862, it i)roceeded to Nashville, 
and thence in March went forward witJi Buell's army 
to join Grant. It crossed the Tennessee in the after- 
noon of April ()th, and immediately took part in the 
battle of Pittsburg Landing. The ne.\t day it was 
siiarply engaged, though with comparatively slight 
loss — four killed and twenty-eight wounded. 

After serving in northern Mississijjpi and Alabama 
it returned to Kentucky, and was present at the battle 
of Pcrrvville. It was with Rosecrans in his advance 



from Nashville in December, 18G2, and was severely 
engaged at Stone River, having two regimental com- 
manders (Colonel Jones and Major Terry) killed in 
succession in that battle. The whole loss was four 
officers and ten men killed, and four officers and 
si.\ty-nine men wounded, out of three hundred and 
fifty-three present. 

After light duty daring the sjiring and summer of 
1803, the regiment moved forward with Rosecrans 
and was warmly engaged at Chickamauga; in fact was 
badly Ijroken up, and suffered severely in killed and 
wounded. The same fall the Twenty-fourth took 
part in the great victory of Mission Ridge. It was 
also in an engagement near Dalton, having ten men 
killed and wounded. It saw some hard service during 
the winter, but no more serious fighting. It was 
mustered out in June, 1804-. 

ME.MHEliS FROM I'UYAHOGA COIXTY. 



Jacob Diehl, enr. as 3nd Lieut. May 30, 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

May 7, 1863, and to Capt. Aug. 16, 1863. .Mustered out with the Co. 

June 30, 1864. 
William Hartman, enl. April 34, 1S61. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 3, 1J63, 

and to Sergt, Jan. 10, 1863. 
John F. Weigold. enl. April 34, 1861. Promoted to Con). Feb. '30. 186:3, 

and to Sergt. June 34, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. June 30, 1864. 
Henry Schoder, enl. May 10, 1801. Promoted to Corp. and to Sergt. 

April 1. 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
Pe er Hoffman, enl. .\pril 34. 1861. Promoted to Corp. April 1. 1864. 

Mustered out with the Co . 
Louis Seithard, enr. as Drummer Ajiril 24. 1861 . Mustered out with the 

Co. 
William Dodel, enl. April 34, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Franz Florin, enl, April 38, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Peter Goebel, enl . April 34, 1S61 . Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas Geist, enr. as Corp. April 24. 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Philip Grames. enl. April '34, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Andrew Hilbrunner, enl. .April 34, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Benoit Kling, enl. Ma.v 1, 1861 , Mustered out with the Co. 
Adam Stahl. enl . April 34. 1861. Mustered out with the Co . June '30, 1864. 
John Sonimerholder, enl. April 24, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederick Thode, enl. April 24. 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Emanuel Newman, enl. April 24, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Killed at 

Stone River. Tenn , Jan. 3, 1863. 
Christoph Bergermaister, enl. April 34, 1861. Killed at Greenbriar, Va., 

Oct. 31, 1861. 
Sunor Deggengier. enl. May 28, 1861 . Killed at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 
Jacoph Kinesel, enl May 1,1801. Killed at Greenbriar, Va., Oct. 31, 1861. 
John O'Xeill, enl. June 13, 1861. Killed at Greenbriar, Va., Oct. 31, 1861. 
Johann Suter, enl. April 34, I86I, Killed at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 

1802. 
Casper Weiss, enr. as Sergt. April -34, 18i;i. Died at Louisville. Ky.. Dec. 

31, 1803. 
Joseh Borlein, enl. April 34. ISOl. Killed at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 31, 

1802 
John Fry, enl. April 31, 1^61 . Promoted to Corp. Died at Cleveland, 0., 

Feb. 15, 1862. 
Franz Detombel. enl. May 25, 1861 . Died at Louisville. Ky.. Dec 2,1861. 
Charles Gusching. enl. May 10. I8131. Died at .Mound City. III., June 1, 

1862. 
John Henss. enl. May 1, 1861. Died at Nashville, Tenn , Sept. 10, 1863. 
Jacob Schott. enl. May 6. 1861. Died at Mound City. 111., May 13, 1863. 
Heinrich C. Hoyer, enl. April 34, Isoi. Transf to Invalid Corps Oct. 23, 

1863. 
Joseph Lehman, enl. April 34. istil. Transf to Invalid Corps Sept. 6, 

1863. 
Patrick McNamara. enl. May ), 1861. Transf. to Invalid Corps Sept. 6. 

1803. 
Jacob Severs, enr. as Corp. May 30, 1861. Transf. to Invalid Corps Oct. 

14, 1863. 
John Wehnes. enl .April 24, 1861. Disch. on account of wounds. Nov. 

13, 1862. 
Christian Kramer, enl. .April 24, 1861. Disch. on account of wounds 

July 17, 1863. 
Theodore Reilinger, enl . June 36, 1861 Disch . on account of wounds 

Jan 21 1863. 



102 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Frederick Christian, ear. as Corp. April 34, 1861. Disch for disability 

Oct. 9, 1868. 
Frederick Draeger, enl. April 24, 1861. Disch. for disability Aug. 1.5, 

1863. 
Christoph Kayler. enl. June 12, 1861. Disch. for disability Oct. 15, 1862. 
John Deyle. enl. Feb. 20, 1862. Disch. for disability Nov. 8, 1862. 
William Frochleich, enl. June 12, 1861. Disch. for disability Nov. 8, 1861. 
Jacob Hummel, enl. April 24, 1861, Disch. for disability April 23, 1862. 
Alexander Honimel, enl. May 18, 1861. Disch. for disability Aug. 10, 1863. 
John Hartman, enl. June 20, 1861. Disch. for disabiUty Aug., 1861. 
Leonard Bernhart. enl. April 24, 1861. Disch. for disability Sept., 1862. 
Jacob Miller, enl. April 24. 1861. Disch. for disability Aug., 1862. 
John Morrow, enl. June 26, 1861. Disch. for disability April, 1862. 
Christopher Passold, enl. April 24, 1861. Disch. tor disability Oct., 

1862. 
George Roth. enl. May 25, 1861. Disch. for disability Oct., 1862. 
John Stauffer, enl. May 20, 1861. Disch. for disability Feb., 186.3. 
Christian Weber, enl. April 24, 1861. Disch. for disability Aug., 1861. 
Henrj- Williams, eur. as Corp. May .30, 1861. Appointed 2d Lieut., and 

transf. to Co. I Jan. 9, 1862. Resigned Jan. 29, 1862. 
George Arnold, enr. as Capt. April 24, 1861. Promoted to Major 107th 

Reg. Aug. 26. 1862. 
Augustus Draeger, enr. Sergt. April 34, 1861. Resigned April 20, 1863. 
William Machey. enl. May 1, 1861 . Promoted to Corp. ; and to Sergt. 

Sept. 1. 1861. Mustered out June 20, 1864. 
Jacob Graef. enr. as Corp. April 24, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 

June 20, 1864. 

TWENTY-FIFTH INFANTRY. 

Ill July, 1865, forty-eight Cuyahoga men of the 
One Hundred and Seventh Infantry were transferred 
to the Twenty-fifth. Afterwards the latter served on 
garrison and guard duty until June, 1866. It was 
then sent home, mustered out on the eighteenth of 
that month, some of the men having .served over five 
years.* 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY'. 

COMPANV A. 

David G. Parker, enl. Nov. 30, 1864. Disch. Nov. ;M, 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

William Bixler, enl. Sept. 29. 1864. Mustered out July 15, 1863. 

The following were transferred to the Twenty-fifth, from the One 
Hundred and Seventh Infantry in July, 1865: Joseph Muller, John G. 
McCauley, JohnW, Jorvu, Stephen Alge, Gustus A. Augspurger, Pat- 
rick Calaghan, Alvis Daul, Patrick Dillon, Gabriel Fertig, Henry Fight, 
James Goudy, Andrew Gauter. Peter Hirz, Anton Hillerick, John H. 
Horst, William Lauchlej', Michael Maloney, Jolm McCorraick. George 
Mueller, Christoph Mario, William PIuss. Samuel Pfister. William Pen- 
dleton, James Pendleton, Frederick Prasse, John Schaab, John Schmehl, 
Gottleib Schwartz. Julius Schoeneweg, John Traxel, Christian Wanger, 
John Wanger, Hermann Wehagen, John Brown, Piatt Benjamin, John 
Crane, George Ellsworth. George Hugill, George Ody, Gotfried Weiden^ 
kopf, Charles Jones. Edward Johnson, Charles Lyons, Gottleib Muntz, 
Jolm Schorr, Theodore Baldinger. Robert Dietzold, John Ley. 

TWENTY-SEVENTH INFANTRY. 

Forty-nine men, of Company G, were, according to 
the record, the contribution of Cuyahoga county to 
this regiment. Frank Lynch and Edward C. Gibson, 
of this couuty, were respectively captain and second 
lieutenant. 

The regiment, from all parts of the State, was or- 
ganized at Camp Chase in August, 1861. In the fall 
it served in Missouri, and in February, 1862, joined 
tlie Army of the Mississippi. In March it was ac- 
tively engaged in the siege and capture of New Mad- 
rid and Island No. Ten. In May, with the rest of 
Pope's Army it joined Halleck, took part in the siege 
of Corinth, and remained near that point with the 
rest of the "Ohio brigade," as it was especially desig- 
nated, durino; the summer months. 



On the 19th of September the Ohio brigade took an 
active part in the battle of luka, driving the enemy 
back on the double quick as soon as it reached the bat- 
tle field. On the third of October it was at the battle 
of Corinth but not severely engaged. The next day 
it supported Battery Robinett, the main object of the 
rebel attack. The enemy made a desperate assault on 
this ijosition but were forced back with terrific loss. 
The Twenty-seventh though partially sheltered, had 
over sixty officers and men killed and wounded in a 
very brief time. 

In December, 1862, the Twenty-seventh was warmly 
engaged with Gen. Forrest at Parker's Cross Roads, 
Tenn; aiding in the capture of seven pieces of artillery, 
besides prisoners and horses. It remained at Corinth 
during the winter of 1862-3 and in the spring of 1863 
went to Memphis where it stayed throughout the 
summer. In October tiie Ohio brigade moved to mid- 
dle Tennessee. There it re-enlisted as veterans, and 
after its return from furlough it was broken up; the 
Twenty-seventh becoming part of the First brigade. 
Fourth division, Si.Kteeiith army corps. 

It took part in Sherman's Atlanta campaign. At 
Dallas it aided in driving the enemy, and was also 
engaged at Big Shanty. At Kenesaw it fought 
hard and suffered heavy loss. At Nicojack creek, at 
the head of its division, it charged the rebel works 
with the bayonet and captured them. The regiment 
was in its hardest battle on the 22d of July, 1864, 
before Atlanta, when McPherson was killed. It 
charged the enemy repeatedly, and once, being at- 
tacked from the rear, changed front under fire, dressed 
its line accurately, and again rushed forward to the 
chai'ge. Its loss was heavier than in any other battle. 
Capt. Lynch v/as desperately wounded and was soon 
after promoted to lieutenant colonel. During the 
campaign from Chattanooga to Atlanta the Twenty- 
seventh had si.xteen officers and a hundred and ninety- 
five men killed and wounded — more than half its 
number. 

After the capture of Atlanta the Twenty-seventh 
went with Sherman to the sea; took part in the cam- 
paign of the Carolinas, and was mustered out in July, 
1865. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Frank Lynch, enr. as Capt. Co. G July 27, 1861. Promoted to Lieut. Col. 

Nov. 3. 1864. Wounded at Corinth and before Atlanta. Disch. May 

80, 1865. 
Charles H. Smith, enr. as Sergt. Co. G, July 27, 1861 . Prom, to 2d Lieut. 

Nov. 2, 1862; to 1st Lieut. May 9, 1864; to Capt. Nov. 3, 1854; and to 

Major May 31. 1865. Mustered out with the Regt. July 11. 1865. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Gilbert M. Jacobs, enl. July 27, 1861, in Co. G. Prom, to Sergt,; and on 
March 30, 1865, to Q. M. Sergt. Mustered out with Regt. 

William D. Evans, enr. as Musician July 27, 1861. Prom, to Chief &Iu- 
sician May 1, 1862. Mustered out with Regt. July 11, 186.5. 

Henry C. Parraalee, enl. July 37, 1861 . Prom, to Priu. Musician, and 
transf. to Non-Com. Staff Nov. 1, 18t)2. Mustered out July 11, 1865. 



Edward A. Webb, promoted to 1st Lieut, from Co. G Aug. 4, 1864; and 
Capt. Jan. 28, 1865. Mustered out with Co. 



TWENTY-FOURTH AXD OTHER INFANTRY REGIMENTS. 



103 



COUPANT O 

R. Heber Worth, enr. as Corp. July ST, 1861. Prom, to Sergt. May 1, 
1S62: to id Lieut. June ST. lSiJ4; to 1st Lieut. Sept. i6, 1864; tnd to 
Capt. Jan. 28, 18ii5. Resigned June 16, 1863. 
Edward Gibson, enl. as ad Lieut. July 27, 1861 . Promoted to 1st Lieut- 
March 31, 1862. Wounded three times at Corinth. Resigned March 
14, 1804. 
Henry W. Diebolt, enl. as Sergt. July 37, 1861. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 
Feb. 6. 1 62: and to 1st Lieut. Jan. 1, 18I5.3. Died May 33, 1864, of 
w«.»unds received near Dallas. Georgia. 
Edward A. Webb. enr. as Corooral Julj' 27, 1.%1. i'rom. to Sergt. Dec. 
2."), 136;i: to 2d Lieut. June 27, 1864; and to 1st Lieut, and assigned to 
Co. E Aug. 1, 1864. 
Matthew F. Madigan, enl. July 27, 1861 . Prom, to Sergt. March 30, 1865, 

and to 1st Lieut. .June 6. 1S65. Mustered cut with the Co. 
George .S. SpaulJiug, enr. as Sergt. Prom, to 2d Lieut. Killed at Dal- 
las, Georgia. 
WilUam B, Atwell. enr. as Corp. July 27. 1861 Promoted to Sergt. Dec. 

23. 1863. Killed in action July 4, 1864. 
George Small, enr. as Corp. July 27, 1.861 . Promoted to Sergt. Transf , 

to Invalid Corps Jan. 10, 186.-!. 
Lucius B. Laney, enr. as Musician July --C 1861. Disch for diasability 

Aug. 2, 1.S62. 
Francis Gottka. enl. July 27, 1861. Disch Aug. 18, 1864, 
John Brennis. enl . July '^7, 1861 . Promoted to Corp . Jan . 1, 1864 ; and 

to Sergt, June 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. July 11, 1865 
John H Beman. enl. July 27, 1861. 
Cleanthus Burnet, enl. July 27, 1861. Discharged for disability caused 

by wound received Oct. 4, 1862. 
John B. Dawson, enl. July 27. 1861 . Killed at Cheraw, S. C, Feb. 27, 1865. 
Milton Davis, enl. July 27, 1861. Disch. tor disabiUty Jan. 16, 1862. 
John Dillon, enl. July 27, 1861. Disch. for disabiUty caused by a fall, 

June 10, 1862. 
Oriu B. Gould, enl. July 27. 1861. Disch. April 19, 1864, for disability 

caused by wounds received at Corinth, Miss., Oct. 2, 186-2. 
Samuel E, Grunnell. enl. July 27. 1861. Disch. March 2, 1863, in order to 

enable him to re-enlist elsewhere. 
-Chester F. Griffith, enl. July 27, 1871. Prom, to Corp. Jan. 1, 1864; and 

to Sergt. Aug. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Philip R. Handle, enl. July 27, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Taylor D. Hall, enl. July 27, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 23, 1861. 
James M. Hiiie, enl. July 27, 1861 . Died at Evansville, Ind., Aug. 20, 1862. 
Thomas Johnson, enl. July 27, 1861. Disch. at end of term, Aug. 18, 1864. 
Jacob Laux, enl. .July '27, 1861 . Disch. for disabiUty June 3, 1863. 
Jacob Loeder. enl. July 27, 1861. Disch. Oct. 5, 1861. 
James E. Ladley, enl. July -27, 1861. Taken prisoner Nov. 5, 1861. Re- 
leased and discharged Dec. 23, 1861 . 
Sebastian Miller, enl. July '27, 1861. Disch. at end of term, Aug. 18, 1864. 
Jeremiah T. McPherson, enl. July 27, 1861. Disch. Dec. 2, 1862, on ac- 
count of wounds received at Corinth Oct. 4, 1861. 
John W. Mercer, enl. July 27, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
ElbriJge Myers, enl. July 27, 1861. Taken prisoner Nov. 3, 1861. Freed 

and disch. Dec. 2:i, 1861. 
WiUiam Neyland, enl. July 27, 1861. Disch. at end of term, Aug. 18, 1864. 
Thomas I. Plunimer, enl. 27, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Killed at Kene- 

saw Mountain, Georgia, June -22, 1864. 
William Parker, enl, July 27, 1861. Discharged for Disability, Oct. 5, 1861. 
Asa Radway, enl. July 2;. 1861 Prom, to Corp. July 1, 1865. Mustered 

out with the Co 
George W. Rathbuni, enl, July 27, 1861. Disch. July 29, 1862. 
John Schuff, enl. July "27, 1861. Died at Nashville, Tenn., June 15, 1864. 
David Schafer. enl. July 27, 1861 Disch. at end of term, Aug. 18, 1864. 
Michael Snyder, enl. July 27, 1861. Prom, to Corp July 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
John R. Schuck, enl. July •27, 1861. Disch. for disability May 25, 1865. 
John W. Scott, enl. July 27, 1861. Taken prisoner Nov. 5, 1861. Freed 

and disch. Dec. -23. 1861. 
James R. Thomas, ei.l. July 27, 1861 Transf. to InvaUd Corps Jan. 7, 

1863. 
George Brennis, enl. Jan. 27, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Lemons, enr. as Musician Feb. 15, 1864. Mustered out with Co. 
George Myers, enr. as Musician Feb. 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John R. Cheek, enr. as Corp. Aug i;i. ISiJl Died Aug -28, 1864, in hos- 
pital, at JIarietta, Ga., from wound. 

THIRTIETH INFANTRY. 

COMPANY C. 

Morgan Lee. enl. March 13, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 13, 1865. 
THIRTY-FIRST INFA.VTRY. 

FIELD A.ND STAFF. 

John R. After, enr. as Surg. Sept. 13, 1861. Mustered out at expiration 

of term of service, Sept. 27, 1864. 
Royal W. Varney, enr. as Asst. Surg. April 7, 1863. Mustered out with 

the Reg. July 20. 1865. 



THIRTY-SECOND INFANTRY. 

COMPANY A. 

John \V White, enl. Jan. 1, 1863, Killed in action at Brush Mt., Ga., 

June 27, 1864. 
Alonzo Egbert, enl. March 16. 1864 Mustered out with the Reg Julv 20 

1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Herman Meyers, eul. March 1, 1863. Mustered outSDth .luly. 1863. 



George Quaid, enl Jan 1, 1,863. Died from wounds near Atlanta Ga 
July 22, 1864, 

COMPANY D, 

David Harrington, eul. Jan 16, 1863. 

Michael MoGue, enl, Jan. 16, 1863. Mustered out July 20, 1865. 

THIRTY-THIRD INFANTRY. 

COMPANY C. 

EUsworth W. Libby, enl, Aug. 10, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 1, 1864; 
to 1st Lieut, Aug. -26, 1864, and to Capt. March 26, 1863. Mustered 
out with the Co , July 12, 1865 , 

THIRTY-SEVENTH INFANTRY. 

Tliis, the third Genuau regiment raised iu Ohio, 
contained forty-nine men from Cuyahoga county iu 
Company A, twenty-two iu Company F, and forty- 
two iu Company H; besides a few iu other compauies; 
bringing the total up to a hundred and thirty-tliree. 
It was mustered into service in October. 1861. 

It soon moved to West Virginia, where it was in 
service during the winter. In March, 1862, with 
other regiments, it was engaged in a liard fight at 
Princeton, W. Va.. iu which the command had tlie 
misfortune to be defeated; the Thirty-seveuth having 
one officer and thirteen men killed, aud two officers 
and forty-six men wounded. The Thirty-seveuth 
was also sharply engaged near Fayetteville, ou the 
10th of September, with a heavy force under General 
Loring. At this time the whole command was com- 
pelled to retreat to the Ohio river. 

Iu December, the regiment was ordered to join 
Grant's army, aud on the 21st of January, 1863, ar- 
rived at Milliken"s Bend, nearly opposite \'icksburg, 
becoming a part of the Fifteenth Army Corps. After 
arduous service tlirough the rest of the winter, aud 
after taking part iu the feint against Haines" Bluff in 
April, the Thirty-seventh moved on the 13th of Mav 
to Grand Gulf, aud thence marched to the rear of 
Vicksburg. It took an active aud gallant part iu the 
unsuccessful assaults on that place, made ou the 10th 
and 22d of May; having nineteen men killed aud 
seventy wounded. 

After the capture of Vicksburg, the summer of 1863 
was spent iu active duty in Mississippi. During Oc- 
tober and November the Thirtj--seventli made its way 
to Chattanooga. On the morning of the 25th of 
November it assaulted the rebel fortifications, situated 
on the lofty heights of Mission Ridge. It was re- 
pulsed with the loss of tive men killed, aud five offi- 
cers and thirty-oue men wounded, but as the enemy's 
works were captured at numerous points it was soon 
enabled to advance and join in the pursuit. Imme- 
diately afterward the regiment was sent to aid in the 



104 



GENERAL HISTOEY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



relief of Knoxville, which was accomplished by a brief 
campaign, but one of extraordinary hardships. 

In March, 1864, the Thirty-seventh re-enlisted as 
veterans, and after the usual furlough advanced witli 
the Fifteenth Army Corps on the Atlanta campaign. 
In its advance on Resaca it had thirteen officers and 
men killed and wounded. It also took part iu the 
conflicts at Dallas and New Hope Church, and the 
terrible battle of Kenesaw Mountain. Before Atlanta, 
on the "-iSd of July, it was outflanked and compelled 
to abandon its intrenchments, with a loss of fourteen 
men killed and wounded, and thirty-eight taken pris- 
oners, but immediately after joined in a general at- 
tack and recaptured the position. On the 37th of 
July the Thirty-seventh was engaged in the battle of 
Ezra Chapel, in which the enemy was completely de- 
feated. On the 30th of August it was in the battle 
of Jonesboro, which was speedily followed by the 
capture of Atlanta. 

The Thirty-seventh next took part in the forced 
marches in pursuit of Hood; then returnedfto Atlanta 
and set out for the sea with Sherman. With that 
energetic leader it marched through Georgia, South 
Carolina and North Carolina, the army scattering 
before it every rebel force which attempted to obstruct 
its path. After the collapse of the rebellion, this 
regiment was ordered to Arkansas, where it remained 
till the 13th of August, 1805. It was then mustered 
out, and the men taken back to Cleveland and dis- 
banded. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUSTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Edward Siber, enr. as Col. Sept. 12, 1861. Resigned March 23, 18W. 
Charles Ankele, enr. as Major Aug 3, 1861. Wouoded at Princeton, W. 

Va., May 17, 1S62. Resigned June 5, 1863. 
Julius C. Schenck, enr. as Asst. Surg. Sept 7, 1861 . Promoted to Surg. 

July 2-2, 1862. Resigned Nov. 20, 1862. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Franz Frey, enl. Oct. 16. 1861. Prom, to Sergt. Jan. 26, 1863, and to Non- 
Corn. Staff as Com. Sergt. Sept. 16. 1864. Mustered out with Regt. 



Louis Quedonfeld, enr. as Capt. .iug 5,1861. Killed at Princeton, W. 

Va., May 17, 1862. 
George Boehm, enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug. 15, 1861. Promoted to Capt. Co. 

F. March .31, 1862. 
Christian Ptahl. enr. as 2nd Lieut. Aug. 15, 1861 . Resigned Dec. 37, 1861. 
Christian Hambrack, eur. as 1st Sergt. Aug. 15, 1861, Promoted to 2nd 

Lieut. July 11, 1862. Resigned Dec. 20, 1862. 
Louis Becker, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 2, 1861. Wounded and captured at 

Princeton, W. Va., May 17, 1802. 
John Otter, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 12, 1861. Promoted to 1st Sergt. March 

1, 1S63. Disch. from Hosp. June 2, 1865 
William Rock. enr. as Sergt. Aug 15. 1861. Wounded and captured at 

Princeton, W. Ya.,May 17, 1862. 
Fred Ambrosius, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 16, 1861. Promoted to 2nd Lieut 

Co. B, Feb. 8. 1862. 
Florian Saile, enr. as Corp. Aug. 15, 1861 . Mustered out at end of term 

Sept. 13. 1864. 
Emil Blau, enr. as Corp. Aug. 16, 1861. Wounded and captured at Pince- 

ton, W. Va., May, 17, 1862. 
Jacob A. Kleinschmidt, enr. as Corp. Sept. 6, 1861 Killed at Princeton , 

W. ya.,May 17, 1862. 
Carl Eberhard, enr. as Corp. Aug. 15, 1861. Wounded and captured at 

Princeton. W. Va., May 17, 1862. 
Nicholas Bellery, enr. as Corp. -\ug. 15, 1861. Wounded near Atlanta, 

Ga., .A.ug. 11, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
George Obocht, enr. as Corp. Aug. 1861 . 



Asa Adamsky, enr. as Musician. Sept. 6, 1861. 

Frederick Lay, enr. as Musician Aug. 15, 1861. 

Peter Yoelker, enl. Aug. 28, 1861. 

Joseph Adler, enl \ug. 15,1861. 

Christian Berger, enl. Aug. 15, 1861. 

Ludwig Bauer, enl. Aug. 28. 1861. 

Friedrich Dreger, enl. Aug, 28, 1861. 

Joseph Fruch, enl. Aug. 15, 1861. Mustered out at end of term Sept. 

12, 1864. 
JohnH Frerichs, enl. Aug. 15, ISfil. Promoted to 1st Seigt. Sept. 9, 

1861. to 2nd Lieut. Co. C, April 1, 1862. 
Johahn Haiser. enl. Aug. .15, 1861. Promoted to Sergt Feb. 10,1864. 

Mustered out with the Reg, 
Gustav Haupt, enl. Aug. 15, 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Sept. 

12, 1804. 
Friedrich Baehrhold, enl. Aug. 15, 1861. Wounded at Kenesaw Mt., 

June 27. 1864. Disch. from Hosp. June 21, 1865. 
WUhelm Haupt. enl. Sept. 6, 1861. Killed near Kenesaw Mt., June 27, 

18M. 
Adolph Jaeger, enl. Aug. 15, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Jedn Pierre Koener, enl, Aug. 15, 1861. Mustered out at end of term 

Sept. 12. 1864. 
Magnus Kahl. enl. Sept. 1, 1861. Wounded at Mill Creek, N. C, March 

21. 1865. Lett in Hosp. at New Y'ork. 

Johann Loeblein, eul. Sept. 4, 1861. Mustered out at end of term Sept. 

12, 1864. 
Franz Marons, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Karl Me.yer, enl. Aug. 28, 1861. Mustered out at end of term. Sept. 12, 

1864. 
Johann PitroiT, enl. .\ug. 2S. 1861. Wounded near Atlanta. Ga., July 

22, 1864. 

Joseph StoU. enl. Aug. 15. 1-61. Mustered out at end of term. Sept 12, 

1864. 
John Schaeflfer, enl. Aug. 15, 1861. Disch. for disabiUty, Sept. 21, 1863. 
Leopold Serdinsky, enl. Aug. 15, 1861. 
Wilhelm Samsbrug, enl. Aug 2S, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered 

otit Sept. 12, 1864. 
Bernhard Schieffterling, enl. Aug. 28, 1861. Mustered out at end of term 

Sept. 21, l.%4. 
Adam Schmidt, enl. Aug. 24, 1861 , 
Frederick Schneider, enl. Aug. 15, 1861. Wounded near Jonesboro. Ga., 

Aug. 31 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Frederick Ungerer, enl . .\ug. 15, 1861 . 
Henry J. Votteler, enl. Sept 6, 1861. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Dec. 29, 

18«)2. Disch May 18. 1864. 
Christoph Weber, enl. .\ug. 15, 1861. 

Theodore Wendt, enl. Aug. .30, 1861. Died from wounds rec'd at Kene- 
saw Mt. July 14, 1864. 
Daniel Sherry, enl. as Drummer March, 28, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Reg. 
Paul Hauser, enl. Nov. 6, 1863. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Feb. 12, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Carl Knapp. enl. March 28, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg 
Adam Leonhardt, enl. Jlareh 28, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 

COMPANY B. 

Charles Moritz, enr. as 1st Lieut. Co. H Sept. 6, 1,S61. Prom, to Capt. 

Co. B Feb. S, 1862. Mustered out Dec. 21, 1864. 
Fred. Ambrosius, enr. Sergt. Co. A Sept 6. 1861. Prom, to 2d Lieut. 

Co. B Feb. 8, 1862. Resigned July 11. 1862. 
George Kraus. enl. .^ug. 26, 1861. Mustered out at end of term Sept. 

12, 1864. 

COMPACT C. 

John H. Freriche, enl. Aug. 15, 1861, Co. A. Prom, to 2d Lieut. Co. C 
April 1, 1S62, and to 1st Lieut. Co. E Oct. 8. 1862. 



Philip Briinat, enl Sept 5, 1861 

John Goetz, enl. Sept. 5, 1-61. 

Bernhard Jliielilemann, enl. Sept 5, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Wend.ilin Nickenhauer. enl. Sept. 5. 1861. 

Charles Renold. enl. Sept. 5. 1861 

CO.MPANY E- 

Friederick H Rehwinkel. enr. as Capt. Sept. 2, 1861 Resigned Oct. 10, 
1862. 

Adolph C. Kessinger, enr. as 1st Lieut. Sept. 2, 1861. Promoted to Capt. 
.\pril 19. 1862. Resigned Dec. 20. 1862. 

Paul Wittrich, enr. as 2d Lieut. Sept. 2, 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 
Co F Feb. 28. 1862, and to Capt. Co. E Oct. 8, 1862. Killed at Ken- 
esaw Mt. July 22, 1864 

John H. Freriche, enr. Co A Aug 15 Transf to Co E as 1st Lieut. 
Oct. 8, 1862, to Co. I Jan. 1. 1863. 

Julius Scheldt, enr 1st Sergt. Sept. SO. 1861. Prom, to 2d Lieut. Co. E 
April 19, 1862. Resigned Nov. 29. 1862 



FOUTY-FIRST INFANTRY. 



Kto 



COMPANY F. 

Anton Vallendar, enr as Capt. Aug. 1, 1861. Resigned March 31, 1808. 

Enr. as Capt. Co. H, ISSth Reg Oct. 15, 1862. Mustered out with the 

Co. Sept. 25, 1865. 
George Boehm, enr. as 1st Lieut. Co. A. Aug. 15, 1861. Proni. to Capt. 

Co. F, M.ireh 31, 18tW. .Mustered out .fan. 4, 1865. 
.\iiloii Peterson, enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug. 22. 1861. Resigned Feb. 6, 1862. 
Herman Burkhardt, enr. as Corp. Sept. 20, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. 

.Ian. ;. 1864, and to 1st Lieut. Feb. 11, 1865. Mustered out with Reg. 
I'aul Wittrich, enr. 8nd Lieut. Co. E, Sept. 2, 1861 . Prom. 1st Lieut. Co. 

F, Feb. 28, 1862. Transf. to Co. E, Oct. 8, 1862. 
Anton Stoppel, enr. 2nd Lieut Co. H, Sept. 6, 1861. Promoted 1st 

Lie\it. Co. F, May 28. 1862. Resigned Oct. li). 1862. 
Louis E. Lambert, enr. as Corp. Sept. 25, 1861. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

Co. D; to 2nd Lieut. Co. F, June 22. IH63; to 1st Lieut. Co. O, April 

2il, 1864; to Adjt. July 25, 1864. 
Albert Bauer, enl. Sept. 23,1861. Taken prisoner near Atlanta, Ga, July 

22, 1864. 
John Bergsicker, enl. Sept 19, 1661 . Killed at Vicltsburg. Miss., May 19, 

186;). 
Jacob Dorr, enl. Sept. 23, 1861. Died July 2, 1863, from woimds received 

in action near Vicksburg May 22, 1863. 
Charles Fehlber, enl. Sept. 30, 1861. Taken prisoner July 22, 1864. Ex- 
changed Nov., 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Frederick Gampellar, enl. Sept. 15, 1861 . Disch. tor disability Jan. 19, 

1863. 
David Granger, enl. Sept. 24. 1861. Died May 19, 1862 fmrn wounds re- 
ceived at Princeton. W. Va., May 17. 
Christian Greb, enl. Sept. 16, 1861. Killed near Vicksburg, Miss.. May 

22, 1S63. 
.\nthony Junker, enl. Sept. 21. 1861. Promoted to Sergt Disch. for 

disability Sept. 30, 1864. 
William Lohr, enl. Sept. 16, 1,861. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 1, 1H64, and 

to 1st Sergt. May 24, 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Henry Rothman, enl. Sept. 13, 1861. Disch. for disability Sept 1-3, 1862. 
John .Simon, enl. Sept . 26, 1861 , Died May 25, 1862. from wounds received 

at Princeton, W. Va., May 17. 
John Schmidt, enl. Sept. 25, 1861. Wounded at Princeton, W. Va.. May 

17. 1S(;2. Taken prisoner near Atlanta, Ga., July 22. 1864. 
Ant.)n Vanholz. enl. Sept. 28, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 84. 1863. 
.\ciam Wicker, enl. Sept. 16, 1861. Taken prisoner near Atlanta, Ga., 

July 22, 1864. Died at Lawton. Ga. 
Jacob Zipp. enl. Sept. 16. 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 24, 186,5. 
Philip Zipp, enl. Sept. 29, 1861. Disch. tor disability Jan. IS, 186.3. 
George Ganson, enr. as Musician, April 11, 1864. Taken prisoner near 

Atlanta, Ga., July 22. 1864. Exchanged Nov. — , 1S64. 
Constantine Armbruster, enl. March 28, 1.864. Wounded near Dallas. 

Ga., June 1, 1864. Disch. tor disability .June 22. 1865. 
Gustav Lambert, enl. March 31, 1864. Detailed for special duty in the 

Eng. Dep. March 14, 1865. Mustered out July 29, 1865. 

COMPANY G. 

Louis E. Lambert, transf. to Co. G, April 29, 1664, to Adj. July 24, 1861, 
to C .pt. Co. G, Feb. 11. 1865. Mustered out with Reg. Aug. 7, 1865. 

.\ugnst -V.iltman, enl. Sept. 23, 1861. Transf. to Invahd Corps Dec. 12, 
1863. 

COMPANY H. 

Charles Messner, enr, as Capt. Aug. 26, 1861. Resigned Nov. 16, l.s6a. 
Charles Moritz. enr. as 1st Lieut . Sept. 6, 1861, Promoted to Capt. Co. B. 

Feb. 8. 1862. 
Anton Stoppel, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Sept. 6, 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

C;o. F, May 28, 1862 
Jidius Scheldt, enr. as 1st Sergt. Sept. .30, 1,801, Promoted to 2nd Lieut. 

Co. E, April 19, 1862. 
.lacob Spickert, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 12, 18J1. Disch. Jan. 14, 1883. 
John I. Hoffman, enr. as Corp. Oct. 16, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Aug. 7, 1865. 
John Dittman, enl Sept. 13, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
John Christian, enl. Sept 16. 1.861. Disch. for disability .\pril 10, 1863. 
Henry Detgen, enl. Sept. 21, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 14. 1863. 
August Eckert, enl. Sept. 2.5, 1861 Disch. for disability Oct. 7, 1862. 
Adam Flury, enl. Sept. 17, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Franz Frey. (See Non- Commissioned Staff.) 
Philip Heck, enl. Sept 30, 1861. Killed at Walnut Hills, Miss , May 19, 

1S6:) 
August Heidter, enl. Sept. 24, 1861 . Mustered out with the Reg. 
John Held, enl. Sept. 28, 1861. Disch. for disability July 18, 1862. 
Joseph Kaestle. enl Sept. 8, 1861. Disch. for disability July 21, 1861. 
Christian Kanel, enl. Sept. 28, 1S61. Disch. for disability Jan. 13, 1863. 
William Knecht, enl. Oct. 16, 1861. Disch. at end of term Oct. 27, 1864. 
Tli.-obald Laubscher, enl. Sept. 23, 1861. Discharged at end of term 

Sept. 3<1. 1861. 
John Lieber, enl Sept. 24 1861. Disch. for disabiUty Feb 26, I8ii3 
Paul Lehrman. enl. Sept. 16, 1861 . Disch. for disability July 21!, 1862. 
Philip Meyer, enl. Sept. 7, 1861. Disch. tor disability Jan. 12, 1863. 
Conrad Oswald, enlisted Oct. 8. 1861. Killed at Walnut Hills, Miss., .May 

22, 1863. 

14 



John Schultz, enl. Oct. 16, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Charles Schlee, enl. Sept. 20, 1861 . Mustered out with the Reg 
Gustav Scbulien. enl. Sept. 18, 1S61. Promoted to Corp. July 25, 1862. 

Discharged April 5, 1865. 
Matthias Schwertle, enl. Oct. 8, 1861. Disch. at end of term Oct. 13, 1864. 
Henry Sclielke, enl. Sept. 18, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
John Schelke, enl. Sept, 30, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg, 
Edward Seller, enl. Sept 18. 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
George Spickert, enl. Sept 12, 1861 . Wounded and captured .May 1, 

1862. Was released and discharged for disability Dec 22, 1862. 
Philip Spies, enl. Sept, 17, 1.S61, Wounded May 22,1863, Disch, for 

disability caused by wound Dec. 18, 1863. 
Ernst Tegto, enl Sejjt. 30, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan 14, 1863 
Friederich Zitzelmann, enl. Oct 2, 18'51. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 1, 

1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
John Melcher, enl . March 23, 1864 . Detached for service at Camp Chase 

Feb. 23, 1865. 
Henry Stegkamper, enl. March 26, 1864. Wounded at Kenesaw Mt., 

Ga., June 27, 1864. Left sick in Hosp. at Troy, N. Y., April 30, 1865. 
Basil Schwantz, enl. Sept. 27, 1861. 

John Fasnacht, enl. Sept. 14, 1S61. Disch. for disability Jan. 14 1863. 
Joseph Maryne, enl. Sept. 24, 1861. Wounded and captured May 17, 

1862. Released and disch. for disability Jan. 12, 1863. 
John Spohn, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Disch. for disablity Oct. 9, 1862. 
John Rother, enr. as Corp. Sept. 4, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Andreas Kolaetzkowski, enl. Sept. 9, 1851. Disch. Jan. 13, 1863. 



John H. Freriche. enr. Aug. 15, 1861, Co. A. Transf. to Co. I as 1st 

Lieut. Jan. 1, 1803. Resigned Sept. 24, 1864. 
JustusBecker, enl Sept. 2:i, 1861. Disch. for disability Sept 1. 186-3. 
George Henkel, enl. Sept. 10, 1861. ^Mustered out with the Reg. .4ug. 7, 

1.865. 
CJeorge Scheelhas, enl. Sept. 26, 1861. Disch. for disability Aug. 12, 1862. 

COMPANY K. 

George Eichhorn, enl. Nov. 7, 1861. Disch. at end of term ,Jan. 26. 1865. 
.^lois Lieb. enl. Nov. 7, 1861. Killed near Vicksburg, Miss., 3Iay 19. 1863. 
George Schneeberger, enl, March 31, 1864, Mustered out with the Reg. 
Aug. 7.1865, 



C H A P T E R XXI. 

FORTY-FIRST INFANTRY. 

Its Origin-The Cuyahoga Delegation— Service in Kentucky- -Pittsburg 
Landing— An Accident- A Rebel Charge and Repulse— Through Mid- 
dle Tennessee to Kentucky —Back in Tennessee— Stone River— Await- 
ing an Attack— "Fire"— A Desperate Contlict— The Next Day- 
Through the River under Fire— Silencing a Battery— Battle of Cliicka- 
mauga — The Opening Fire— Bayonet Charges -Changing Front- 
Desperate Fighting with Rilies— Surrounded and Driven Back— The 
Last Volley— Battle of Orchard Knob-.^ Splendid Dash— Mission 
Ridge— Mdes of Soldiers— Pushing up the Heights—.^ Squad captures 
a Battery— Seizing other .Artillery— 'Old Pap Thomas "—The Loss of 
the Forty-first- Off to Knoxville— Large Re-enlistment- Furlough- 
Battle of Pickett's Jlills- -in Attack and a Defeat— Pine Top Mountain 
—Frequent Conflicts— After Hood— Battle of Franklin— Battle of Nash- 
ville— .A Lively Charge— Capture of Four Guns— Service in Texas- 
Mustered out. 

When tlio biUtlenf I'.ull Run di.^closed tlie strength 
and vigor of the rebellion, several prominent citizens 
of Cleveltind set about raising a new regiment, in ad- 
dition to the already large number of men which Ohio 
had placed iu the field. It was named the Forty-first 
Ohio Infantry, and Captain William B. Hazeu, of 
the Eighth United States Infantry, was appointed its 
colonel. There were, during the war, three hundred 
and ninety-si.K men from Cuyahoga county in its 
ranks. Every company contained some of tliat num- 
ber. Companies E, F and D had respectively ninety- 
tliree, ninety and eighty-four members from this 
county, wliile tlie other companies were represented 
by various numbers, from tliirty-four in K, down to 
eight in II. 



10(3 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUKTY. 



The regiment was formed at Cleveland during the 
autumn of 1861. In November it moved to Camp 
Denuison, and thence, in the following month, to 
Camp Wickliffe. sistj* miles from Louisville, Ken- 
tucky, where it remained through the winter. Here 
Colonel Hazen was placed in command of a brigade, 
consisting of the Forty-first Ohio, the Forty-sixth and 
Forty-seventh Indiana and the Sixth Kentucky. On 
the first of February, the brigade went down the Ohio 
and up the Cumberland to Xashville, and thence, on 
the l?th of March, with the bands all playing "St. 
Patrick's Day," it set out with Bueirs army for Pitts- 
burg Landing. 

At six o'clock in the afternoon of the sixth of 
April, it reached a point on the Tennessee river, 
opposite the landing, whence the thunder of battle 
rolled in terrific volume over the water and far away 
among the hills. Having been ferried over the stream 
in a little steamer, the brigade proceeded up the bank 
among a host of stragglers, so numerous that the men 
were obliged to make their way through them in sin- 
gle file, all apparently eager to excuse their own re- 
treat by exaggerating the strength of the enemy. 

"You'll catch it on the hill," said one: "I am 
the only man left of my company," declared another; 
" This little squad is all there are alive of our regi- 
ment," said two or three more with united voices. 
Amid these discouraging greetings the Forty-first 
pressed on, and at nine o'clock took up the position 
assigned it, where it lay all night in a driving 
rain. The next day the brigade was held in reserve 
until a late hour (our informant, Capt. McMahan, 
tliinks it was about two o'clock), when it was 
ordered into an advanced position, and directed to 
hold it. 

The artillery was jjlaying freely, and while the men 
were waiting, and as Colonel Hazen was sitting on 
his horse close beside them, a spent six-pound cannon 
ball rolled up one of the hind legs of the horse of the 
colonel's bugler, and went six feet in air over the head 
of the latter. The man of music naturally dodged 
very suddenly to avoid the returning projectile, and 
a shout of laughter went up from the men at the 
oddity of the whole proceeding. 

Their merriment, however was soon stopped by the 
advance of the rebels, who came on at full speed, 
yelling, " Bull Run ! "' "Bull Run!" The Union- 
ists received them with a murderous volley, and 
General Xelson or Colonel Hazen ordered a charge. 
The men dashed forward through the oj^eu woodland, 
firing as they went, and soon gave the rebels a taste 
of Bull Run reversed. The brigade drove the rebels 
back beyond their fortifications and captured their 
guns. Being, however, then far beyond its support, 
it was in turn obliged to retire to its former line, 
where it re-formed and held the position. 

It was during this retreat that Colonel Hazen was 
separated from the brigade, a fact which has been 
made an excuse for malicious attacks against him, 
resulting in the late court-martial of General Stanley, 



and in the pending civil action against him, brought 
by General Hazen. Captain McMahon, the officer 
before referred to, declares that Colonel inow General) 
Hazen accompanied his brigade in the charge with 
great gallantry, and the separation was so brief as to 
have escaped the notice of the men. 

The fighting during the charge was of the most 
desperate kind, one hundred and forty-one out of 
four liundred and fifty men in the regiment hav- 
ing been killed or wounded in half an hour, while 
three officers and three soldiers who successively car- 
ried the colors were disabled in the same time. 

After taking part in the siege of Corinth, Hazen's 
brigade marched to central Tennessee, and thence 
proceeded under Buell, almost side by side with 
Bragg's rebel army, to Louisville. At Perryville it 
was not heavily engaged, but was in the advance in 
the pursuit of the enemy after that battle. At Pitt- 
man's Cross Roads General Hazen pushed forward 
the Forty-first through darkness blacker than Egypt 
until nine o'clock at night, driving the rebels from 
their supper, which was very speedily dispatched by 
the LTnionists, as they liad not eaten anything since 
early in the morning. 

After driving the enemy as far as Wild Cat mountain, 
Crittenden's Corps, of which the Forty-first formed a 
part, returned to Nashville. On the 29tli of Novem- 
ijer Col. Hazen was ajipointed a brigadier general of 
volunteers, and Lt. Col. Wiley succeeded him in the 
colonelcy. In December, 1863, Gen. Rosecrans, wlio 
had succeeded to the command of the army, jjrepared 
to advance against Bragg, and on the 29th of that 
month the corps marched to within two miles of 
Murfreesboro. Some maneuvers took place on the 
30th, and at one o'clock in the morning of the 31st 
the Forty-first Ohio was stationed in an open field a 
short distance from the enemy. Before daylight Gen. 
Rosecrans" order was read to them, declaring that the 
nation and the world had its eyes upon them, and 
adjuring them to use every effort to win the day. 

At this time " Cowan's House,'' four hundred yards 
in front of them, was all on fire; and as the resonant 
voice of the adjutant repeated the order, while the 
distant flames threw occasional flickerings on the grim 
faces of the soldiers, they grasped their rifles with the 
stern look of men determined to win or die, and 
awaited the order to advance. At daylight it came, 
and, preceded by a strong skirmish line, the brigade 
moved rapidly forward, the Forty-first Ohio and 
Sixth Kentucky in the first line, and the Ninth In- 
diana and One Hundred and Tenth Illinois in the 
second one. 

On reaching the line of the burning house heavy 
firing was heard at the front and rear, indicating that 
the enemy was outflanking them. Col. Wiley gave 
the command, "Change half front to the rear on 
tenth company,'' and it was executed amid the fast- 
dropping bullets as coolly as if on parade. The enemy 
advanced in two columns. His infantry was supported 
by artillerv. but the latter was soon rendered useless 



FORTY-FIKST INFANTRY. 



107 



by Cottrell's battery, whicli killed all the horses of 
the rebel battery and blew up the caissons. Oen. 
Hazen and Col. Wiley sat on their horses directly in 
rear of tiie colors of the Forty-first. As the enemy 
api)roacliod. Col. W. inquired: 
"Shall I fire on them?" 
'• Not yet," replied the general. 
When the first rebel line reached tiie burning house, 
General Hazen said: 

" Now, Colonel, give them a volley." The colonel's 
voice rang out clear and calm: 

'•Attention, l)attalionI Readyl AimI Fire!" The 
crash of four hundred rifies responded to the last 
word, when the whole rebel line fell to the ground 
''as if they had been shot." The greater part of 
them, however, soon sprang up and opened a rapid 
deadly fire. The Forty-first responded with ecpial 
zeal, and continued the confiict until they had fired 
away all of the eighty rounds of ammunition with 
which they were provided. Gen. Hazen then ordered 
the regiment to the rear to cool and clean the guns, 
bringing up the One Hundred and Tenth Illinois to 
take its place. 

Scarcely had the Forty-first Ijeeu supplied with 
ammunition and got ready for action again, when 
it was announced that the rebels were driving every- 
thing on the right and the regiment was sent to stop 
them. Lying on the ground the men began firing at 
the enemy two hundred yards distant, when a line of 
Union artillery behind them began to fire over their 
heads at the same mark. Burning wads and grains 
of powder fell thick among them. This was too 
much of a good thing, and Col. Wiley prevailed on 
the artillery to cease firing until the Forty-first 
could be stationed in rear of the guns. This position 
was firmly held in spite of the most furious attacks 
by the Confederates. Later in the day the Forty- 
first was ordered to the left to guard a ford by Gen. 
Rosecrans in person, where it suffered severely from 
the rebel batteries. 

The ne.vt day, New Year's, 18G3, the Forty-first 
was held in reserve during the greater part of the 
day. A hundred pieces of artillery were massed 
by (ren. Rosecrans, and wiien the rebels came in 
front of the line they were mowed down by hundreds 
by blasts of grai)e, canister and slira2)nel. Mean- 
while, however, they were driving back Van Cleve's 
division on the left. Gen. Hazen came up to this 
regiment at a gallop a little after four o'clock and or- 
dered the men to double ([Uick after him. On reach- 
ing Stone river, tiiey found the rest of the brigade, 
all trying to get across the stream first. The general 
formed his four regiments in line, pushed forward at 
a d(iul)le quick, and easily easily drove back the foe. 

One battery kept up its fire, when Gen. Hazen ad- 
vanced with the Forty-first alone to within tiiree 
hundred yards, and delivered a well aimed volley. It 
was so destructive tliat the l)attery immediately re- 
tired from its position. Night soon after came on, 
and the ne.\t dav Gen. Bragg and his armv retired in I 



hot haste from the scene of their defeat. Durint^ 
the battle the regiment had a hundred and twelve 
officers and men killed and wounded out of four hun- 
dred and twelve with which it went into the fight. 

From the 10th of January to the 2-lth of June, 
1803, the regiment was encamped most of the time at 
Readyville, twelve miles from Murfreesboro", though 
making occasional excursions against the enemv. At 
the last mentioned date it removed from Readyville, 
and on the 1.5th of August advanced with the army 
toward Chattanooga. After taking part in the labori- 
ous marches incident to the movement, the Forty- 
first found itself on the night of the ISth of Septem- 
ber on the bank of Chickamauga creek, near Gordon's 
Mills. 

Lt. McMahan was in command of the picket of tiie 
Forty-first, and late in the morning of the 19th he 
was ordered to form his picket as skirmishers and 
move forward. He did so and was followed by the 
regiment; the rest of tiie brigade being aligned on 
either side of the Forty-first. About 11 o'clock the 
skirmishers came out into an open field, at the farther 
edge of which was a line of rebels who opened tire on 
them. The lieutenant ordered his men to double 
quick across the field, but when about half way across 
heard the stentorian voice of Col. Wiley thunder 
"Halt!"' Looking around he saw the regiment at 
the edge of the field with their rifles at an aim. 

"Lie down!" shouted the lieutenant, and the 
men were glad enough to obey, when a vollev of 
bullets swept over them into the ranks of the foe. 
The skirmishers were obliged to make their way l)ack 
to the lines on their hands and knees. The regiment 
held this position until near four o'clock in the after- 
noon, firing all its ammunition. Twice the rebels 
charged it with the bayonet; both times the gal- 
lant Forty-first met them with a counter charge and 
both times the assailants broke and fled within thirty 
feet of the Union bayonets. 

At the time last mentioned the regiment was re- 
lieved and marched to a piece of timber, where it 
was supplied with ammunition. The men were as 
hungry for it as so many wolves. They filled not 
only their cartridge boxes, but all their pockets and 
the waists of their blouses above the belts; every man 
providing himself with at least one hundred rounds. 
Scarcely had they done so when heavy firing was 
heard on the riglit. and the Forty-first was ordered 
thither on the double ipiick by General Hazen, to 
support General Van Cleve. 

The man were placed on the right of thesecond line 
and when the first gave way were vigorously assailed 
by a heavy force uf the enemy. They delivered a 
rapid succession of well-aimed volleys, while General 
Hazen handled a battery in person, and thus their 
front was kept clear. Ere long, however, the rebels 
made their way around the unprotected right flank of 
the Forty-first, and soon the gallant regiment was 
almost surrounded by tlie foe. The bullets came on 
every side, and for the only time in their military 



108 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



experience the men of the Forty-first ran at the top 
of their speed to escape from the enemy. They were 
not, however, entirely broken up; they loaded as they 
ran, and on reaching; a convenient hill a stand was 
made, and by the help of artillery the rebel advance 
was checked. 

The men worked hard a large part of the night, 
rolling up logs to form a barricade. At nine o'clock, 
the morning of the 20th, the rebels charged them, 
but their log defense was found impregnable, and the 
assailants were repulsed with great loss. Other at- 
tempts of the same kind were made during the day, 
but always with the same result, and late in the 
afternoon Hazen's brigade still held its position. But 
its ammunition was nearly all expended, its com- 
rades of the center and left had all been driven 
back, and it was separated by an interval of a 
mile, swarming with rebel sharpshooters, from the 
right under General Thomas, which still held its 
ground. General Hazen led his brigade safely across 
the dangerous gap, and formed it on the left of 
Thomas' line. When the rebels made their last 
assault Hazen's regiments, one after the other, deliv- 
ered their withering volleys, aiding in the complete 
repulse of the enemy, which enabled the veterans of 
Thomas to retire from the position they had so des- 
perately defended. After dark the remnant of the 
army retreated a short distance, and the next night 
retired to Chattanooga. Of all who took part in this 
disastrous conflict, none did better and many did 
worse than Hazen's brigade and the Forty-first Ohio 
Infantry. 

On the arrival of General Grant the army was re- 
organized, and the Forty-first became part of a brig- 
ade, still commanded by General Hazen, consisting 
besides itself of the First and Ninety-third Ohio, 
the Fifth Kentucky and the Sixth Indiana, being as- 
signed to the Fourth Corps, under General Granger. 
When Grant was ready to begin operations, the deli- 
cate and hazardous task of leading the advance was as- 
signed to Hazen's brigade. Long before light on tlie 
morning of the 27th of October, the brigade em- 
barked on pontoons at Chattanooga, and glided silent- 
ly down the river. Unseen and unheard the men 
passed beneath the enemy's pickets stationed far above 
them on the river bluffs, and, though discovered at the 
moment of landing, succeeded in gaining a foothold 
on the shore, and establishing themselves on bights 
from which they could not be driven. 

They remained in this vicinity nearly a mouth, 
while the final preparations were made for a grand 
advance. On the 2.3d of November the brigade 
moved forward on a reconnoisance. On a small ridge 
known as Orchard Knob, between Chattanooga and 
Mission Ridge it was received with a heavy fire, 
and perceived a line of intrenchments on tlie top of 
the hill. The Forty-first dashed forward in the ad- 
vance, and gained the top of the hill. About fifty 
paces in front of the enemy's works, the fight was 
fierce beyond description. More tluiu half the men 



were killed and wounded. The horses of Colonel 
Wiley and Lieut. Col. Kimberly were killed under 
them, but those gallant officers dashed forward on 
foot, and the little battalion charged into the rebel 
works, and took them at the point of the bayonet, 
capturing the colors of the Twenty-eighth Alabama 
Infantry and more men than the Forty-first had at 
the end of the conflict. 

Owing to the small number engaged this battle 
makes little show in history, yet it is remembered bv 
the survivors of the Forty-first as the hardest fight 
in which they were engaged throughout their long 
and arduous service. Soon after it was over. General 
Thomas, passing that way and viewing the ground, 
expressed his thanks to the regiment through Colonel 
Wiley, in the warmest manner. "It was a gallant 
thing. Colonel, a very gallant thing," said the veteran, 
known to be as chary of his praise as any chieftan 
that ever bore command. 

On the 24th of November the Forty-first, from its 
hardly-earned position watched the "Battle above 
the Clouds," on Lookout Mountain. On the 25th 
came the great battle of Mission Ridge, probably, con- 
sidering the strength of the enemy's position, the 
numbers engaged and the completeness of the Union 
victory, the most remarkable ever fought in America, 
and one of the most remarkable to be found in the 
annals of war, in either ancient or modern times. 

At four o'clock the expectant army heard the con- 
certed signal, six shots fired in rapid succession from 
a battery of twelve-pound Parrots guns. ' ' Forward I " 
shouted Hazen; "forward!" repeated the field and 
line officers; and forward went the men, few in 
numbers, but stronger in warlike enthusiasm with 
each succeeding battle. As they reached the farther 
crest of Orchard Knob they saw the valley between 
that and Mission Ridge, from a half to three-quarters 
of a mile wide-spread out before them, while beyond 
frowned the Gibraltar-like bights they were ordered 
to capture. Extending for miles on either side were 
to be seen the lines of blue-coated soldiers, all press- 
ing forward in the same direction. 

Descending into the valley they came under the 
rebel artillery fire, many of the men falling at every 
step, but still the line swept forward, urged on by the 
officers, and at the foot of the ridge they captured 
the first line of the enemy's works with scarcely an 
effort. They could not remain there long, however, 
under the murderous fire to which they were subjected. 
Here Col. Wiley received a wound which resulted in 
the loss of his leg, and Lt. Col. Kimberly took com- 
mand of the regiment. Then came the tug of war. 
Hazen ordered his brigade up the mountain: and on 
either side brigades, divisions and corps pressed for- 
ward up the same rugged pathway to glory or the 
grave. 

The Forty-first, as ever, was well to the front in 
this herculean task. Col. Kimberly gallantly led on 
his men. Lts. James McMahan and George C. Dodge, 
Jr., both of Cleveland, were together as the regiment 



FORTY-FIRST INFANTRY. 



109 



t^tarted up the hill. On went the broken but invinci- 
ble line up the rocky steep, through an awful storm of 
graj)e, canister and musketry the men climbing and 
shooting as best they could. In twenty minutes they 
gained the top of the ridge, when their fire was prin- 
cipally directed against the batteries of the enemy, 
which were soon compelled to retire before the deadly 
fire of the northern riflemen. Lt. McMahau came 
out nearly in front of a rebel battery, which was pour- 
ing death into the ranks of the Unionists. The men 
were of course much broken by the rugged steeps 
over which they had passed. Seeing a long log, how- 
ever, lying near the stump from which it had been 
cut, and which he thought might serve as a rallying 
point, he gathered the men as fast as they came up, 
and made them lie down behind the log until he had 
twelve or tifteen packed as close as they could lie 
conveniently, while he himself took post behind the 
stump. Then he ordered them to load and fire as 
fast as possible at the artillerists of the battery before 
mentioned. In a short time nearly all of them were 
killed or wounded. Then the lieutenant rushed out 
with his squad captured the battery and turned its fire 
on the enemy. Other batteries were seized at various 
jioints along the line and used in the same manner. 
Mr. Pratt, now of the Eighteenth ward of Cleveland, 
was one of those engaged in this novel logging-bee, 
and corroborates the statement above made. It was 
tliis or a very similar exploit which was thus described 
in Keid's History of "'Oliio in the War:"" 

•'A squad of the Forty-first seized a battery, almost 
before the rebels were away from it, turned it to the 
right and discharged it directly along the summit of 
the ridge, where the enemy in front of Newton's 
division still stubbornly held out; and, as tlie shells 
went skimming along in front of and among them, 
the rebels turned and tied." 

Yet not without many a desperate effort to recover 
the ground. About a hundred of them suddenly 
came charging upon the right of the Forty-first. 
The men were much scattered, but Alajor Willistou 
got together about a hundred and drove the assail- 
ants down the hill, where they were soon "gobbled 
up"" by the swarming Unionists. 

The soldiers, having now got complete possession 
of the reliel works, began shooting the artillery teams 
as the unlucky Confederates endeavored to remove 
their cannon to the rear. The horses dropped rapidly 
and the artillerists took to their heels, leaving the guns 
as a prize to the victors. The men of Hazen's brigade 
captured no less than twenty-seven guns and dragged 
them to the general's headf|uarters, though that 
officer good-naturedly allowed nine of tliem to be 
claimed and taken away by other commands. 

(ien. Wood, the division commander, was highly 
elated, and came riding among the men, saying: 
•'Boys, you shall have an extra cracker apece for 
this;"' an extra cracker, in those days of short rations, 
being no unworthy emblem of gratitude. Then came 
Thomas, "Old Pap Thomas,"' as the men affection- 



ately called him, and they gathered in delighted 
crowds to cheer their favorite commander. The vic- 
tory was won at a loss to the Forty-first of a hundred 
and fifteen men killed and wounded. This was a 
very heavy loss in the already depleted condition of 
the regiment, and there were but few of the men who 
remained entirely unhurt after the two battles of the 
23d and 25th of November, 18G3. 

Scarcely was the great victory of Mission Ridge 
gained than the Forty-first, with the rest of the 
Fourth corps, was ordered to Knoxville. Communi- 
cations had been much interrupted, and the command 
suffered especially for lack of shoes. Long liefore 
reaching Knoxville half of the men of the Forty- 
first would have been barefooted, had it not been for 
the improvised coverings of cowskin and sheepskin in 
which they wrapped their feet, and in which they 
strove bravely on over the frozen ground to Clinch 
mountain, twenty miles northeast of Knoxville, which 
they reached in the latter part of December. 

Here the proposition reached them from Washing- 
ton to re-enlist as veterans, and never was the extra- 
ordinary heroism, fortitude and patriotism of the 
American volunteer more proudly shown than on 
this occasion. Out of more than a thousand gallant 
men who had gone forth from pleasant homes to 
battle for their county, disease and the bullet had 
spared but a hundred and eighty-eight, and even of 
these probably a majority had been wounded one or 
more times. Their sufferings on the march to Clinch 
mountain have just been mentioned, yet when, amid 
the cold and rain and sleet of a Tennessee winter, 
they were asked to re-enlist, a hundred and eighty out 
of a hundred and eighty-eight bound themselves to 
three years more of service — and sucii service — in 
their country's cause. 

The regiment reached Cleveland on veteran furlough 
on the 2d of February, 186-1, obtained about a hun- 
dred recruits, and in the latter part of March returned 
to East Tennessee. The two hundred and eighty 
men of which the regiment was composed were now 
united with the few remaining men of the First Ohio, 
and consolidated into a battalion, rommauded by 
Lieut. Col. Kimberly. 

In April the Forty-first entert'd on Sherman's great 
Atlanta campaign; being warmly engaged at Rocky 
Face Ridge and at Resaca. 

On the 2?th of May the battalion was hotly en- 
gaged in the conflict called variously the battle of 
Pickett's Mill, the l)attle of Pumpkin Vine Creek, 
and the battle near Dallas. At '.) a.m., the command 
was halted, and three companies, commanded respec- 
tively by Lieutenants Dodge, McMahan and Cobb, 
moved forward as skirmishers under charge of Major 
Williston. They had gone scarcely a hundred yards 
into the woods when one of the men was killed. As 
Lieut. McMahan, standing on a small limb, was feel- 
ing his pulse to see -if he was really dead, a bullet 
broke the limb between the officer's feet. Immedi- 
atelv afterwards the skirmishers were ordered to move 



110 



GEXERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



by the right flank at a double quick, but after a brief 
excursion in the vicinitj'of the rebel works, they were 
ordered back to the brigade. 

About four o'clock p.m., the Forty-first, the 
Xinety-third and the One Hundred and Twenty- 
fourth Ohio moved forward to attack the enemy's 
right; the Forty- first in tlie center. After receiving 
a murderous volley from the intrenched foe, they 
charged through a raviue, and endeavored to capture 
the works ou the opposite side. They were onlv able 
to get within about twentv yards of the foe, where 
they halted, obtained such cover as they could and kept 
up a hot tire on the enemy. Sis or eight lines came 
to their relief, but only two got as far forward as 
the men of the Forty-first, and none could go auy 
farther. Lieut. Mcilahati with two companies, 
Lieut. Dodge with one company, and Capt. Hazard 
with two companies, remained there until half past 
eight when the battalion was withdrawn. In this 
affair the Forty-tirst had a hundred and eight men 
killed and wounded out of two hundred and sixty. 

At Pine Top mountain, near Kenesaw, the bat- 
talion was ordered to dislodge a detachment of the 
enemy, strongly fortified in a log farm-house and out- 
buildings. With that vim which no losses could ever 
subdue, the Forty-first went forv\-ard ou the double- 
quick and drove out the rebels at the point of the 
bayonet. 

About this time the Forty-first ceased to be what it 
had so long been, a part of •' Hazen's brigade:" that 
general being made the commander of a division. 
The new brigade commander was Colonel 0. H. 
Payne, of Cleveland, colonel of the One Hundred and 
Twenty-fourth Ohio Infantry. 

It would be impracticable to relate all the conflicts 
in which the battalion was engaged in this remarka- 
ble campaign, for the ground was contested inch by 
inch, and the whole route from Chattanooga to At- 
lanta was scarcely less than one long battle-field. 

On the 28th of July the battalion, being deployed 
as skirmishers in front of the rebel lines at Atlanta, 
and seeing what they thought a good chance, made a 
dash through a ravine, across an open field and into 
the rebel breastworks, where they captured a number 
of prisoners and drove out the rest in a perfect 
rout. 

A day or two later the brigade was sent arouud to 
the east of Atlanta at night. The next morning it 
tore up some ten miles of the Montgomery railroad, 
and then proceeded to tiie southern road, about fif- 
teen or twenty miles from Atlanta. At midnight a 
tremendous noise was heard, and the whole command 
sprang to arms, thinking that General Hood or an 
earthquake was upon them. After waiting a consider- 
able time and finding that nothing farther happened, 
the men at length somewhat doubtingly returned 
to their beds, or rather to their blankets, for these 
■were generally the soldiers only couch. It was soon 
learned that the sound came from the explosion of 
some eighty car loads of ammunition, blown up by 



Hood when he evacuated Atlanta, to keep it from fall- 
ing into the hands of the " Yankees." 

As Hood moved north, a heavy force, of which the 
Fourth corps formed a part, followed fast in his rear. 
Far across an intervening valley the men watched the 
desjierate fight of Corse at Allatoona, when with his 
little force he obeyed the signal " Hold the fort," 
and repulsed the legions of Hood. Then they pro- 
ceeded to Galesville, whence a portion of the pursuing 
force returned to take part in the " March to the 
Sea," while the Fourth corps continued its north- 
ward course. It proceeded by way of Chattanooga to 
Athens, Alabama, where a hundred and sixty-four 
conscripts and substitutes joined the battalion. The 
command weut on to Pulaski, and thence to Colum- 
bia. 

Xear here H<jod's army approached so near that the 
Fourth and Twenty-third corps were obliged to go 
into line of battle. They went on at night to Spring 
Hill; the Forty-first marching past a long line of 
camp fires, a few hundred yards distant, which were 
supposed to belong to the Unionists but which in 
reality were those of a rebel corps. Some of the men, 
ajjproaching these fires too closely, were captured by 
the Confederates bivouacked around them. From 
Spring Hill to Franklin the Forty-first was the train- 
guard of the army. It skirmished with the enemy 
nearly all the way, and being very much exhausted 
was not reqiitred to take part in the battle of 
Franklin. 

Then they went to Xashville, and after two weeks 
spent in building fortifications and making prepara- 
tions. Gen. Thomas took the offensive against Hood. 
At daylight on the loth of December, 1864, the 
Fort}--first was deployed as a double line of skir- 
mishers and placed behind a stone wall in front of 
the enemy's rifle pits, on the "Granny White" turn- 
pike. Skirmish firing was kept up till about eight 
o'clock, when the fiery valor of the Forty-first could 
no longer be restrained. The men jumped over the 
wall, dashed across an open field three hundred 
yards wide under a heavy fire of iLusketry, captured 
the rifle pits of the enemy, pushed on over a knoll 
and drove the rebels from their breastworks at the 
point of the bayonet, capturing two pieces of ar- 
tillery. The battalion fortified its position and 
remained until four o'clock in the afternoon, when it 
was relieved; the main line moving forward and the 
rebels retreating. 

The next day the Forty-first was again sent forward 
as skirmishers, to cover the advance of the right of 
the troops. Coming to a large rebel fortification, 
covei'ed in front by an abatis, they endeavored as 
usual to capture it, but were checked by a murder- 
ous fire from a large rebel force. Some of the 
skirmishers penetrated the abatis, and Private Klein- 
haus leaped alone into the rebel breastworks. The 
information we have received from Captain McMahan 
ceases at this point, for, while lie was endeavoring to 
lead forward a detachment of colored troops whom 



FORTY-FIRST IXFANTRY. 



Ill 



he fuinul without a eonmiaiuler, the good foi'tuue 
which had attended hiui through a score of battles 
deserted him, and he was twice severely wounded. 

C'olonel Kimberly, who commanded the battalion, 
finding that the line of battle could not be advanced, 
ordered his skirmishers to withdraw. Several of 
them, however, being inside of the abatis, covered 
themselves as well as they could and waited till the 
enemy was broken on the right, when he withdrew 
from the works in front. They then sprang forward, 
capturing a few prisoners, two battle-flags, and no 
less than four pieces of artillery. The captured can- 
non were marked with the name of the Forty-first 
Ohio by order of the chief of artillery, and the men 
who took the flags. Sergeant Garnett, of Company G, 
and Private Holcomb. of Company A, were sent with 
them to Washington by General Thomas. 

After the victory of Nashville the battalion partici- 
jiated in the pursuit of Hood, but was not called on 
to do any more hard fighting. In June, 1865, it 
started from Nashville for Texas by steamer. Near 
Cairo the vessel was accidentally sunk by a gunboat, 
with nearly all the personal property of officers and 
men, but without loss of life. After a few months 
service near San Antonio, the battalion returned to 
Columbus, Ohio, where it was discharged on the 36th 
of November, 1805, after a service of over four years, 
unsurpassed in hardships, in dangers and in triumphs 
by that of any other organization in the United States 
army. 

MEMISERS FKUM CUYAHOGA COlXTV. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

John J Wiseman, enr. as Lieut. Col. Aug. T, ISiil. Resigned March 1, 

186-J. 
George S. Mygatt. ear. as Major Aug. r, ISiil. Promoted to Lieut. Col 

March 1. Wfi. Resigned Not, 3i). ISiii. 
Robert L, Kimberly, enr. as :ind Lieut Sept, i~. 18(il, Promoted to Isr 

Lieut, .Tan. 21, 18iJ-J, to Capt, March i;, 18«, to Major Nov. ao, WHi, to 

Lieut. Col. Jan. 1. IHti-S, to Col. 191 Inf. and Brig, Gen, by brevet. 
Ephraim S, Holloway, enr, as 1st Lieut, Co. F, Oct, 10, 1861, Promoted 

to Capt, Sept. 8, lS<i-,', to Major Dec, 6, 1864, to Lieut. Col, March 18, 

1865, and to Col, May -31, 1865, Mustered out with Reg, 
Junius R, Sanford, enr, as .\dj't Aug, i3. 1861. Made 1st Lieut Aug 

23,1861. Resigned Jan. i:i, 1862. Afterwards in ia.8th Reg . 
George J. A. Thompson, enl. Sept, 18, 1861, Promoted to Corp, Jan. 8, 

lS6a, to Sergt. Jan. IS, 1863, to 1st Lieut. Dec. 6. 1864, and to ."^dj't. 

May 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg, 
William S, Chamberlain, enr. as Q M Aug. S4, 1861. Made 1st Lieut. 

Aug, 23, 1861. Resigned Dec. 10, 1861 
Thomas G. Cleveland, enl, as Surg. Aug, 29, 1861 . Resigned May 17, 

1862, 
.Alberto. Hart, enr, as Asst, Surg. Sept, 5, 1861 Promoted to Surg 

Aug, 30, 1862, Resigned Nov, 5, I8i)4. 
Osnian A, Lyman, enr as Chaplain Dec. 16, 1861. Resigned May 1", 1862, 

NOX-COMJIISStONED STAFF. 

Charles Cnlvin, enr as Hosp, Steward, .Sept. 23, 1861, Diseh, at end of 
term Sept. 23. 1864, 

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS— COMPANY UNKNOWN, 

Edwin B, Atwood, enr. Sergt MaJ, Sept 19 1861. Promoted to 2nd 
Lieut, Jan. 21. 1862. to 1st Lieut. Sept, 8, 186>. to Capt. April 13. Wa 
JIustered out with the Reg 

Walter Blythe, enr as Q M Sergt Au?. 23. 1861 Promoted to 2ud 
Lieut April 1.3. 1M62, to 1st Lieut Oct 1, 1862. Mustered out Julv 
9, 186.3, 

William E, Booth, enr. as Com Sergt. Sept. 21, 1861, Promoted to 2nd 
Lieut Sept. », 1862 and to 1st Lieut, May 29. 186;J. Resigned Sent 
22, 1864 ' 



Charles W. Hills, enr. as Corj). Aug. 34, 1861 Promoted to 2nd Lieut, 

Jan, 18M, to 1st Lieut. April 13, 1864, Resigned Oct. 28, 186). 
Frank McDonald, enl, Oct. 1, 1862. Disch. May 16. 186,5, 
Archibald Skinner, enl. Aug. 30, 1862. Disch. May 19, 1865. 
Daniel Bennett, enl. .iug. 23, 1861. Disch. for disability July 1, 1862. 
Joseph M. Bennett, enl, Aug, 24, 1861, Disch, for disability May 13, 1862 
Morgan Hale, enl, Aug, 24, 1861, Disch, for disability Sept, 15, 1862, 
Augustus F, Hills, enl. Aug. 24. IWil. Disch. for disability May 11, 18S3. 
Hiram Keesler, enl. Aug 24, 1861, Disch. tor disability, 1863. 
Richard Worts, Jr., enl, Aug, 24, 1861, Disch, tor disabUity Aug, 29, 1865. 
Julius A, Cutler, enr, Aug, 24, 1861, Disch. tor disability, 1864, 
W, J, Richmond, enl. Aug. 24, 1861, Died at .Mound City April 13. 1862 

frcm wounils received at Shiloh 
Christopher W. Gee, enl. Aug. 24. 1861. Disch. for disability Aug. 15, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

Luther Ballart. enl, Aug. 30, 1862, Died Nov, 30, 1863. 
Lyman Harrington, enl Aug, 16, 1,862, Died Nov, 22, 1862, 
Louis R Bartlett, enl, Aug, 16, 1862. Mustered out June 13, 1865. 
Charles W. Blakeslee, enl. Aug, 16, 1862. Disch. for disability June 1 

1865. 
Lewis A. Chamberlain, enl. Aug. 16, 1862, Disch, tor disabihty May 18 

1865, ' 

Henry Devoice, enl. Sept, 8, 1862, Disch, for disability March 22, 1863. 
John Goole, enl. Aug. 16, 1,862. Disch. tor disability Feb, 8, 1865.' 
Leonard P, Hammond, enl, Aug. 16, 1862, Mustered out June 13, 1865, 
Christopher Kubi.ar, enl . Aug. 30, 1862, Mustered out June 13, 1865, 
Charles P. Bail, enl. Aug. 30. 1862. Promoted to Corp. Nov. 6, 1862, 

Mustered out June 13, 1863 
Orange Fisher, enl, Aug. 30, 1862. Disch. April 18, 1863. 
James 31. Foster, enl. Aug. 30. 1862. Mustsred out June 12, 1863. 
L. Goult, enl. Aug. 30. 1862. Disch. for disability 
Shubal Nease, enl. Aug, 30. It62. Mustered out June 13, 1863. 
Addison Smith, enl. Aug. 30, 1862. Mu.stered out June 13. 1865, 
E. M Sanborn, enl Aug. ST, 1862, Mustered out June 13, 1865, 

COMPANY C 

H, S. Caswell, enl. Aug. 30, 1862, Died at Nashville Dec. 1, 1862, 

William Weiker, enl. .-Vug, ;S0, 1862, Disch. Jan. 17, 1863, 

Edward Hillman, enl. Dec, 19, 1861, Promoted to Corporal Dec, 15, 1862, 

Died July 27, 1863, from wounds received at Fort Wagner, July 18th, 
Abraham Bennett, enl, Nov, 8, 1861, Disch, for disability Oct. 24, 1862. 
Saunders Cornwell, enr. as Musician Dec, IB, 1861, Disch, Oct. 8 1862. 
Charles Jenks. enl, Dec. 19. 1861. Transf. to 1st Penn, Battery Jan. 23, 

1861, 
Hiram L, Rounds, enl, Nov. 8. 4861. Disch, tor disability May 8, 1862. 
Sanford Russell, enl. Nov. 26, 1S61. Disch, for di.sability Oct. 2,5, 1862, 
Andrew Sherman, enl, Nov, 26, 1861. Mustered out with the Co, Dec 7 

1865, 
Albert Russell, enl, Deo, 26, 1861, Promoted to Corporal Jan. 1, 18tk4. 

Wounded Oct, 13, 1864, Disch, Oct, 31. 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

James H. Cole, enr. as Capt. Sept. 27, 1861. Resigned March 17, 1862. 
Harvey E. Proctor, enr, as 1st Lieut, Sept, 27, 1861. Promoted to Capt. 

Sept 9, 1862, Made Chaplain March 1, 1862. Became Major in a 

Colored Reg, 
Robert L Kimberly. (See Field and Staff,) 
George C. Dodge, enr, as Sergt, Oct. 2, 1861 Promoted to 2nd Lieut. 

Jan. 1, 1863. to 1st Lieut, Oct 12, 1864, and to Captain Nov, 26. 1864. 

Resigned Dec. 27, 1864. 
Lloyd A. Fisher, enr as 1st Sergt, Sept, 27, 1861. Prom to 2nd Lieut. 

Nov. 20, 1862. and to 1st Lieut. April 13, 1864, Hon. disch. May 27, 

1864. 
Charles Hammond, enr. as Corp, Oct 27, 1861, Prom, to Sergt, July 1, 

1862: to 1st Sergt. March 27, 1864, and to 1st Lieut. March 28, 1865 

Mustered out with Regt. 26th Nov, 1865. 
Peter Herrift, enl Sept. 2, 1861. Prom. Corp, April 28, 1863; to Seigt. 

March 25. 1864; to 2nd Lieut, April 28, 1863; and to 1st Lieut, June 1, 

1863. .Mustered out with the Reg. 
Anson B. Ward, enl. Sept, 2, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 27, 18B1. 

Wounded Oct, ii, \M>i. Disch. Nov. 5, 1864, at end ot service, 
Daniel Trowbridge, enl. Sept. 2, 1861 Promoted to Corp, Sept, 27, 1861 . 

Died May 19, 1862, from wounds received at Shiloh April 7th 
James W, Ashborn. enl Sept 2, 18il. Promoted to Corp. Sept, 27, 1861, 

Disch. near Mt, Pleasant, Teno, 
Abel V Roscoe, enr, as Drummer Oct, 22, 1861, Disch. Aug. 4, 1865. 
Eiius Pease, enr as Fiter, Oct, 27, 1861, Disch, April 30, 1863. 
Edward Clifford enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Sept. 27, 1861. 

Disch. near Springbill, Tenn 
Elisha C W.>od'. enr as Sergt. Oct. 28, 1861 Disch, Oct, 22, 1862. 
Henry M. Billings, enl, Sept. 2, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Sept. 27, 1861. 

Disch. July 11. 1863 
Burr Fisher, enr. as Corp. Sept 27, 1861, Promoted to Sergt Feb. 12 

1862. Disch. Jan. 12. 186:}. ' 



112 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



William H. H. Flick, enl. Sept. S, 1861. Promoted to Corp Sept. 27, 

1861. Wounded at Shiloh. April 7, 1862. Disch. Dec. 11, 1862. 
Emory Davis, enl. Sept. 2, 1861 . Promoted to Corp. Sept. 27, 1861. Disch. 

Oct. 83. 1862. 
Allen Atherton. enl. Sept. 18th, 1861. Killed at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 

1864. 
Elon O. Boughton, enl. Sept. 10, 1861 . Promoted to Sergt. May 19, 1862. 

Wounded at Mission Bidge, Nov. 25, 1863. Mustered out June 13, 

1865. 
John D. Butler, enl. Sept. 21, 1861 . Transf . to 1st Engineers, 1864. 
Thomas Butler, enl. Sept. 21. 1861. Promited to Corp. Dec. 13, 1862; 

and to Sergt. March 27, 1864. Wounded at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 

1863 and Pickett's Mills. May 27, 1864. Disch. June IT, 1865. 
Asa P Carr, enl. Sept. 14, isBl . Disch. at end of term Nov. 5, 1864. 
George H. Claskey, enl. Sept 17, 1861. Wounded Sept. 19, 1863. Mus- 
tered out June 13, 1865. 
Edward F. Corkell, enl. Sept. 17, 1861. Died at luka. Miss., May 18, 1862. 
John F. Cowan, enl. Sept. 10. 1861. Disch. Feb. 14, 1863. 
Jesse Davidson, enl. Sept. 2, 1861 . Died at Louisville, Ky . , April 22, 

1862.. 
Joseph Davidson, enl. Sept. 2. 1861 , Wounded at Mission Ridge, Nov. 

25, 1863. 
WilUam Deisman, enl. Oct. 11, 1861. Wounded Dec. 31, 1862, at Stone 

River; Sept. 19. 1863 at Chiekamauga, and May 27. 1864, at Picketfs 

Mills, Qa. Promoted to Corp. April 1. 1865. Disch Aug. 13 1865. 
William Dunkee, 'enl. Sept 18, 1861 Promoted to Corp. July 1, 1862 

Killed at Mission Ridge. Nov. 35, 1'63. 
Arthur Emerson, enl. Oct. 8, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 13, 1862, to 

Sergt. Dee. 9 1864. to 1st Sergt. April 1, 1865. Wounded at Shiloh 

-ipril 7, 1862, and Mission Ridge Nov. 23, 1863. Mustered out with the 

Reg. 
S. F. Fancher, enl. Sept. 2. 1861. Promoted to Corp. March 24, 1864, and 

to Seret. July 1. 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Josiah Flich. enl. Sept. 37, I86I. Disch. Dee. 6, 1862 
Thomas B. Fitzpatrick, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., 

Dec. 8, 1863. of wounds rec'd at Orchard Knob Nov. 23. 
John Gardner, enl. Sept, IT. 1851 Killed at Mission Ridge, Tenn., Nov. 

2.5, 1863. 
Francis Gibbons, enl. Sept. 17, 1861. Disch. July 14, 1862. 
Theodore Gregory, enl. Sept. 3d, 1861. Wounded at Pickett's Mills, Ga., 

May '37, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
William Glasgow, enl. Sept. 10, 1861. Wounded at Shiloh April 7, 1862. 

Disch. Nov. 3. 1862. 
Francis Harris, enl. Sept, 2, 1861. Died at Louisville, Ky., March 25, 186i. 
Martin Harris, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Disch. July 29, 1862. 
Albert Herriman, enl. Sept. '35, 1S61, Promoted to Corp July 1, 1865 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Johnson C. Hewitt, enl. Sept. 14. 1861. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 8, 1862. 

Wounded Sept. 19, 1863. Mustered out at Nashville. 
Alexander Hornig, enl. Sept. 37, 1861. Disch. at end of term Nov. 5, 1864. 
Hugh Hart, enl. Sept. 17, 1861. Wounded AprU 7, 1862, at Shiloh. 

Disch. Oct. 11, 1862. 
Joseph Hir.st, enl . Oct. .3, 1861. Died Jan. 2S, 1863, at Nashville of wounds 

rec'd at Stone River Dec. 3, 1862. 
Erastus P. Ives, enl. Sept. 21, 1861. Died at Louisville, Ky. , Feb. 20, 1862. 
David M. Jones, enl, Sept. 37, 1861. Died at Bedford, O., Feb. 6, 1863. 
Julius Jones, enl. Sept. 10, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Deo. 9, 1864. Mus- 
tered out with the Reg. 
Edward M Kelley, enl Sept. 3, 1861 . Wounded at Chiekamauga Sept. 

19, 1863, and taken prisoner. Died in Andersonville prison Aug. 15, 

1864. 
Jason Lockwood, enl. Sept 27, 1861. Promoted to i.'orp. March -34, 1864, 

and to Sergt. April !, 1S65. Wounded at Chattahochie River July 5, 

1.S64. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Levi .Mead. enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Died at Louisville, Ky., April 7, 1862. 
William H. Marshall, enl. October 5. 1861. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 9, 

1864, and to Sergt. July 1. 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Orson C. Mathews, enl. Oct. 9, 1,S61. Taken prisoner Oct. 23, 1864. Disch 

June -33, 1865. 
Benjamin Needham, enl . Sept. 18, 1861 . Wounded April 7, 1862, at Shi- 
loh, and at Orchard Knob Nov. 23. 1833 Disch. for disabilitv July 

6, 1864. 
James F. Newcomb, enl. Sept. 31, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg 
Michael O'Bryan, enl. Sept. 25, 1861. Disch. Jan. 30, 1862. 
Orwin Osborne, enl. Sept. 37, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 8, 1863. 

Disch. Aug. 15, T862, 
Thomas Pearce, enl. Sept. 30, 1861. Disch. Jan. '30. 1863. 
William Powers, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Transf. to Vet. Reserve Corps. 
James Pease, enl. Sept. 17, 1861. Wounded at Orchard Knob Nov. 23, 

1863. Mustered out at end of term Nov. 5, 1864. 
Julius Raue, enl. Sept. 14, 1861. Disch. July 13. 1862. 
Luther Richardson, enl. Sept. 3, 1801. Killed at Picketts' Mills, Ga , 

May '27. 1864. 
■Virgil Richmond, enl. Sept. 21, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Dee. 9, 1864. 

Wounded at Chiekamauga, Sept. 19, 1S6;3 Mustered out with Reg. 
William H. Rattles, enl. Sept. 14, 1861. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga., 

May 27. 1864. 



William Simpson, enl. Sept. 18, 1861. Disch. June 12, 1862. 

OUver Slocum, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Disch. Nov. 29, 1862. 

Emerson W. Smellie, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Promoted to C^rp, Feb. 11 

1863. Died Nov. 26, 1863, of wounds rec'd at Mission Ridge the day 

before. 
Spencer A. Sawyer, enl. Oct. 5, 1861. Promoted to Corp. March 24, 1864, 

and Sergt. Dec. 9, 1864. Wounded at Stone River Dec. 31, 1862, and 

at Pickett's Mills May 37. 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Samuel Sampson, enl. Sept. 14, 1861. 

Thomas Studer, enl. Oct. 5. 1861. Died at Louisville, Ky., Feb. 16, 1863. 
William E. Smith, enl. Oct. 15.1861. Wounded De-. 31, 1862. Mus- 
tered out June 13, 1865. 
John S. Tennis, enl. Sept. 14. 1861. Disch. Feb. 14, 1863. 
George J. A. Thompson. (See Field and Staff.) 
Andrew Trump, enl. Sept 14, 1861. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga., May 27, 

1864. 
Daniel R. Underbill, enl, Sept. 10, 1861. Died at Camp Wicklifte. Ky., 

Jan. 15, 1862. 
Charles 'Venoah, enl. Sept. 18, 1861. Wounded at Readyville, Tenn., Feb. 

19, 1863, and at Mission Ridge Nov. 33, 1863. Disch. at end of term 

Nov. 29, 1864 
John Wakefield, enl. Sept. 37, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Nov. 24, 1861, 

and to 1st Sergt. April 37, 1863. Wounded at Chiekamauga Sept. 19, 

1863, and Pickett's Mills May 37, 1864. Mustered out at end of term 

Nov. 4, 1864. 
Zenas Wheeler, enl. Sept. -37, 1861. Disch. Nov. 19, 1862. 
William Wick, enl. Sept. 27, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Nebemiah Flick, enl. March 1,1864. Promoted to Corp, July 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Verneuel Button, enl. Feb. '39, 1864 Mustered out with the Reg. 
Benoah Kellogg, enl. March 3. 1864. Wounded at Pickett's Mills, Ga , 

May 27, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Jonathan Minor, enl. 1864. Wounded at Nashville, Tenn . Dec. 

16, 1864. Disch. with the Reg. 
William Woods, ent. Feb. '35, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Royal Dunham, enl, Feb. 29, ISM. Killed at Picketts' Mills, Ga., May 37, 

ISW. 
Moses Tompkins, enl. Feb. 13, 1864. Died June 31, 1864, at Chattanooga, 

Tenn,, of wounds received at Picketts' Mills, May 27. 
William Cowan, enl. Oct. 8. 1862, Disch. March 6. 1863. 
John Mier, enl. Sept. 22, 1864. Disch. June 13, 1865, 
Leonard Presing, enl. Sept. 33, 1864. Wounded at Bull's Gip. Tenn., 

April 1, 1865. Disch. June IS, 1865. 



Frank D. Stone, enr as Capt. Sept. 30. 1.861. Resigned Jan. 33, 1862. 
William J. Morgan, enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug. "37, 1861. Promoted Jan. 3ti, 

1863, to Capt. Resigned March 24, 1863. 

Ferdinand D. Cobb, enl. as 1st Sergt. Co. F, Sept. 2, 1861. Promoted to 

■3d Lieut. March 17, 1862, to 1st Lieut. May 21, 1862, and transf. to Co. 

E. Woundedat Nashville, Dec. 16. 1864. Musteredout with the Reg. 
Harry W. Jones, enr. as 2d Lieut. Sept. .30, 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Feb. 8, 1862. Disch. Oct. 1, 1862. 
Frederick A. McKay, enl. as Sergt. Sept. 3J, 1861. Promoted to 3d Lieut. 

Nov. 24. 1863. Resigned Nov. 22, 1864. 
Albert E. 'V'irgil, enr. as 1st Sergt. Sept. 13, 1861. Died from wounds re. 

ceived at Shiloh April 7, 1862. 
Arthur Eckert, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. at end of term Nov. 

2, 1864. 
Henry Simons, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 37, 1861. Killed at Stone River Dec 

31, 1862. 
William Lynch, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 27. 1861. Disch. at Columbus, O. 
William Edwards, enr. as Corp. Sept. 12, 1861. Disch. Feb. 21, 1863. 
Cyrus Williams, enr. as Corp Aug. 27, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
William Drum, enr. as Corp. Sept. 13, 1831 . Promoted to Sergt. Jan 20, 

1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Samuel Colby, enrolled as Corp. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. at end of term, 

Nov. 2, 1864. 
John Cullen, enr. as Corp. Sept. 18. 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 
Thomas Powers, enr. as Corp. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. Sept. 16, 1862. 
William Langell, enr. as Corp. Aug, 27, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
John Neville, enr. as Corp. Aug. 27, 1861. Discharged at end of term, 

Nov. 2, 1864. 
Sylvester W.Winchester, enr as Fifer Oct. 4, 1861. Killed at Stone 

River Dec. 31, 1862. 
James Arnott, enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Transf. to the Veteran Reserve Corps. 

Seaman Annis. enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. 

Alexander Beard, enl. Aug. '37, 1861. Disch. Nov. 8, 1862, 

Jervis Barber, enl, Sept. 3, 1861 . Disch. May 12, 1862. 

Caswell Barber, enl. Oct. '27, 1861. Disch. May 12, 1862. 

Henry S. Coykindall, enl. Aug. 27, 1361. Disch. at end of term, Nov. 2, 

1864. 
Jacob Cressinger, eul. Aug. '37, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. April 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Thomas Conway, enl. Aug. 27. 1861 . Disch . at end of term Nov. 3, 1864 . 
Henry Conway, enl. Aug. '37, 1861. Disch. at Nashville, Tenn. 



FORTY-FIRST INFANTRY. 



113 



Timothy Corbit, enl. Aug. 2V, 1861. Died of wounds received at Stone 
River Dec. 31. 1862. 

Dennis Corbit, enl. Sept. ■), 1861. Disch. at end of term Nov. 2, 1864. 

John Caldwell, enl. Sept. 12, 1861. Disch. at Lovisville, Ky . 

David Cochran, enl. Sept. 14, 1861. Disch. at end of term Nov. 2, 1864 

Michael Chalk, enl. Oct. 6, 1861. Died June 18, 1862, from wounds rec'd 
at Shiloh .\rril 7. 

Robert Davidson, enl. Sept. 30. 1861. Disch. at end of term Nov. 2, 1864. 

James Evans, enl. Sept. 8. 1861. Disch. at end of term Jan. 30, 186.5. 

Patrick Flannagan, enl Sept. 14, 1801. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Ensign Fullweller, enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. Nov. 10, 1802, tor disability 
caused by wounds rec'd at Shiloh April 7. 

Edward Fitzpatrick, enl. Sept. 12, 1801. Disch. Aug. 22, 1862, for disa- 
bility caused by wounds rec"d at Shiloh April 7. 

Patrick Farrell, enl. Sept. 0, 1861. Disch. at end of term Feb. 28, 186.5. 

John Gordon, enl. Sept. 12, 1861. Disch. at Columbus, O. 

Michael Griffin, enl. Oct. 3, 1861. Disch. at end of term Feb. 21, 1805. 

John Halpin. enl. Sept. 1, 1861. Disch. at Camp Dennison, O., Jan. 20, 

i8ti;3. 

Fiederick Hodge, enl .\ng. 27, 1861. Disch. Nov. 6, 1862, 

Oliver Hobart. enl. Aug. 27, ISOl. Disch. March 31, 1803. 

Daniel Hogan, enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. Aug. 5, 1862. 

William Hiland, enl. .\ug. 27, 1861. Died of wounds rec'd at Mission 

Ridge Nov. 2.3, 1863. 
Alirani Hulibell, enl .Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. at Camp Wickliffe, Ky. 
Urson Harvey, enl. Oct. fl. 1861, Disch. at Camp Dennison, O., Jan. 20, 

18IW. 
John Hayes, enl. Sept 1-2, 1861. Died June 15, 1862, at Cincinnati, from 

wounds received at Shiloh April 7. 
Charles Herling, enl. Oct. fl, 1.861. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga., Nov. 

27, 1804. 
Edward Johnson, enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. at end of term Nov. 12. 1804. 
John Kepler, enl. Sept. 10, 1801. Died at Nashville, Jan. 18, 1863. 
James Labier, enl. Sept 1, 1801. Killed at Shiloh April 7, 1862. 
John Lobdell, enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Robert Lamb, enl Sept. 1, 1861. Disch. Jan 2-2, 1863. 
Andrew MatUson. enl Sept 12,1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 15, 1862, 
Anthony Montreal, enl . Sept. 4, 1861 . Killed at Shiloh April 7, 1862. 
James Murra.v, enl. Oct. 2, 1861. Disch. at end of term Nov. 2, 1804. 
Joseph Moses, enl. Sept. 15, 1861. Disch, May 18, 1802. 
Richard Neville, enl. O-'t. 2, 1861. Disch. at enl of term Nov. 2. 1864. 
William Naly, enl. f^ept. 12, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Richard O'Reilly, enl. Aug. 27,1861. Disch. Jan. 20, 1803. 
William Oviatt, enl. Oct. 8, 1861. Disch. at Camp Dennison, O., Jan. 20, 

iKi;3. 

David Phillips, enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. Jan. 2, 1863. 

George Partridge, enl. Aug. 27. 1861. Lett at Chattanooga, sick, March 

1, 1861. 
John Palmer, enl. Sept. 8, 1861. Disch. June 13, 1865. 
William Partridge, enl. Oct. 2. 1861. Promoted to Serg. Disch. at end 

of term Nov. 2. 1864. 
.John Price, enl. Sept. 27, 1861. Disch. at end of term Nov. 10, 1864. 
Jesse Quack, enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Killed at Stone River Dec. 31, 1862. 
John Ryan, enl. Sept. 12, 1861. Transf. to the Vet. Reserve Corps. 
John Rawlings, enl. Aug. '27, 1801. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Alva Smith, enl. Oct. 9, 1861 . Died at Nelson's Furnace Ky . 
Cornelius Striker, enl. Sept. 12, 1861. Disch. at Chattanooga, Tenn. 
Nelson Stebbins. enl. Sept. 1, 1861 . Disch. at end of term Nov. 3, 1864. 
Abram Strock. eul Aug. 27, 1861. Died June 20, 1S64, at Chattanooga 

from wounds rec'd at Resaca, Ga., -May 14. 
Samuel Spon.seller, enl. Aug. 27, 1801. Honorably discharged to date 

July 2, 1803. 
William Such, enl. Oct. 9, 1861. Disch. for disability caused by wounds, 

reed at ilission Ridge, Nov. 23, 1863 
Cyrus Singletary, enl. Sept. 1, 1861. Died at Louisville, Ky . 
Lyman Treat, enl. .\ug. "27, 1861. Killed in skirmish at Chattahoochie 

River July .5, 18W. 
James Tompkins, enl. Aui. 87, 1861. Disch. at Camp Dennison, O., 

Jan. -20, 1863. 
Beiijaniin Wood, enl. Sept. 87,1861. Promoted to Serg. Jan. '20, 18W. 

and to 1st Serg. June 8, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Clyde Waussen. enl. Sept. 16, 1802. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Charles Chesley, enl. Aug. -27. 1862. Killed at Mission Ridge Nov. -ii, 1863. 
John Canfleld, enl. Dec. 10, 1861. Disch. at end of term Jan. 15, 1865.; 
George Van Tassell, enl. Feb. -29. 1864. Di.sch. .May 20, 1865. 
Daniel Sullivan, enl, Aug. 27. 1802. Transf. to the Vet. Reserve Corps. 
William F errell, enl. Aug. 27, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Reserve Corps. April 

1. 1865. 
Charles Randall, enl. Oct. 2, 1862. Promoted to Corp . Deserted June 

U. 1805. 
Michael Howard, enl. Aug. 23. 1862. Disch. at Nashville. Tenn. 
Michael Kane, enl , Aug. 26, 1862. Disch. June 13, 1805. 
James Maroney, enl. Sept. 2, 1862. Disch. at Cleveland, O. 
Mitchell Miller, enl. Dec. 10, 1861. Disch. at end of term Jan. 14, 1865. 
Henry Rithcker, enl. Aug. 18, 186'2. Disch. July 21, 18«:J. 
.Matthew B Chapman, enl. Feb. 29. 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
George Fluett. enl. Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 

15 



Thomas Nay, enl. Aug. 25, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Delos Treat, enl. Feb. 29, 1804. Mustered out with the Reg. 

COMPANY F. 

Daniel S Leslie, enr. asCapt. Sent '2, 1801. Wounded at battle of Shiloh 

April 7, IS02. Resigned Sept. 9, 1862. 
Ephraim S . Holloway . i See Field and Staff ) 
John D. Kirkendall, enr. as •2nd Lieut Sept. 2. 1801. Promoted to 1st 

Lieut. Jan. 9, 1862. 
Philo A. Beardsley, enl. Oct. 10. 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 20, 1864; 

to 1st Sergt. Dec. 9, 1864, and to 1st Lieut. March 28, 1865. Mustered 

out with the Reg 
Ferdinand D. Cobb, enr. as 1st Sergt. Sept. 2, 1861. Promoted to 2nd 

Lieut. March 17, 1S62; to 1st Lieut. May 21, 1862. 
Charles Cooper, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 2, 1861. Disch. for disability March 

25, 1 803. 
Jacob Renner, enr. as Sergt. Sept. S, 1861. Killed at Chickamauga 

Sept. 19, 1863. 
Job Burnham, enl. Oct. 1, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 20, 1861. Mus- 
tered out with the Reg. 
Warren L. Ripley, enl. Oct 10, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. -20, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
John Pennell, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Promoted toCorp. Jan. 20, 1864, and to 

Sergt. Dec. 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Orestes T. Engle, enl. Sept, 2, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 20, 1864, 

and to Sergt. July 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Iram Kilgore. enl. Oct. -29, 1801. Promoted to Sergeant Sept. 1, 1862. 

Wounded at Chickamauga, Sept. 19, 1863. Was taken prisoner and 

died. 
Charles Shoemaker, enr. as Corp. Sept. 2. 1801. Killed at Mission Ridge, 

Nov. 25, 1803. 
Thomas P. Baker, enl. Sept. 2, 1801. Killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 19- 

1803. 
Joseph Bouvia, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Killed at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863. 
John M. Blanden, eul. Feb. 29, 1864. Killed at Pickett's Mills, May -27, 

1864. 
James Davis, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Killed at Stone River. Dec. 31, 1862. 
Andrew Edney, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Killed at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863. 
Frank Gornia, enl. Sept. 2. 1861. KiUed at Pickett's Mills.lGa., May 27 

1864. 
S. B. Kidwell, enl. Sept. '3, 1861. Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862. 
Joseph Parish, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862. 
Abraham J . Rice, enl, Sept. 18, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 
Andrew Gault, enl. Oct. 10, 1861 . Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 20, 1864. Died 

from wounds received at Pickett's Mills. Ga., May '27, 1864. 
Orlando P. Kilmer, enr. as Corp. Sept. 2, 1861 . Promoted to Sergt. Died 

from wounds received at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 
Walter Smith, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 10, 1M6I . Died at New Haven, Ky., 

Feb. 2, 1862. 
Augustus Nieding, enl. Sept. '2, 1861. Promoted to Corp. July 9, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Charles Edney, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Promoted to Corporal July 9, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Henry Older, enl. Oct. 10, ISOI. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 12, 1864. Mus 

tered out with the Reg. 
George A. Webb. enl. Oct. 21, 18'Jl. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 12, 1864 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
WdliamT. Hazel, enl. Sept. 3. 1861. Promoted to Corp. April 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Alexander Gault. enl. Nov. 4. 1802. Promoted to Corp April 1, 1863. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Edgar Atkinson, enl. Feb. 36, 1861. Wounded at Pickett's .Mills, Ga., 

May 27, 1864 .Mustered out with the Reg. 
George W Bridge, enl. Sept. i, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg 
Frederick Brucker, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg 
Benjamin Darby, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg 
Dillon P, Duer, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Mustered out with the Reg 
Julius F. Gaff, enl. Sept. 2, 1861 . Mustered out with the Reg 
William Keck. enl. Oct. 10, 1801 . Mustered out with the Reg. 
Joseph Lee, enl. March 22, 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Ward Ripley, enl. Oct. 10, 1861 . .Mustered out with the Reg. 
William Ryan, enl. Sept 2, I.S61 . Mustered out with the Reg. 
Jacob Shirley, enl. Sept. 2. 1801. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Reuben H. Aylesworth, enl. Sept. 2. 1801. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 1 

1862. Died from wounds rec'd at Chickamauga Sept. 19, 1883. 
Frank Maser, enr. as Corp. Oct. 10, 1801. Died at Nashville, Tenn. 

March ■2.3, 1802. 
Isaac Flaugher, enr. as Corp. Oct. 10, 1801 . Died at Nelson's Barracks, 

Ky., Feb. 13, l.^S. 
James S. Clary, enl. Sept. 2. 1861. Lost on the steamer Sultana. 
Thomas Duer, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Died at Cincinnati May 4, 1862. 
Malhias Hageraan, enl. Sept. 2, 1861 . Died May 12, 1802, from wounds 

rec'd at Sniloh. .\pril 7. 
Marshall La Fountain, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Died at Nashville, Jan. '27, 1863. 
Alexander Lehman, enl. Oct. 10, 1861 . Died of wounds rec'd at Shiloh, 

April 7, 1862. 
Adam Miller, enl. Sept. 2, 1861 . Disch. for disabihty 



114 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Charles Newton, enl. Oct. 10, 1861 Diseh. Aug. 5, 1S62, for disabilitj- 

caused by wounds rec'd at Shiloh. \pril 7. 
John Peter, enl. Sept. 2, ISdl. Disjh. for disability .May 23, 1362. 
Joseph R, Remley, enl. Oct. 31, 1S61 . Disch. for disability Oct. IT, 1S6-J. 
Henry Sanderson, enl. Sept. 2. 1861. Diseh. for disability June 3. 1863. 
John A. Standen, enl. Sept. i. 1861. Disch. tor disability caused by 

wjunls ree'd at Shiloh, April 7, l8j-3. 
David Shaeffer, enl. Oct. 13. 1861. Disch. as being under age 
Benj. F, Willbur, eur. as Drummer Sept. 2, 1861. Disch for disability 

May 21, 1862. 
John T. Wait, enl. Oct. 1, 1861 Disch. for disability Aug 5. 1S62. 
Joseph VVorden. enl. Sept. 8, 1861, Disch. June 21. 1365. 
Matthias Frederick, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Transf. to the Vet. Reserve 

Corps . 
James Sharkey, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Transf. to the Vet. Reserve Corps. 
Henry Braunstetter, ear. as Corp. Oct. 10, 1861. Disch. for disability 

Nov. 19, 1862. 
Charles Newburg, enl. Feb. 24, 1854. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga., May 

27, 1864. 
Thomas H. Bellard, enl. Oct, 10, 1361. Disch. for disability Dec. 20, 1862. 
Alexander Sauteur, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Died at Hosp. at St. Louis, Jan. 

15, 1362. 
Lyman C. Billings, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 3, 1362. 
Eli Shisler, enl, Oct, 10, 1861. Lost on Steamer Echo June 10, 1865. 
Charles Smith, enl. Oct. 21, 1831. Died at Covington. Ky., May 10, 1862, 
Benjamin N Snyder, enl. Sept. 18, 1851. Died at Nelson's Barracks, 

Ky, JlarchlS, 1862. 
Homer Spaulding, enl. Oct. 10, 1361. Died Dec. 2, 1862, from wounds 

rec'd at Shiloh. April 7. 
Plimpton Stewart, enl. Oct. 10, IS'il. Died in Hosp. near Corinth, Miss., 

.rune 21, 1862. 
Frank B. Shirley, enl. Sept. 2. 1801. Died April 24, 1862, from wounds 

rec'd at Shiloh April 7. 
■William Weitzell, enl. Sept. 2, 1861 Died at Cincinnati May 10, 1862, 

from wounds rec'd at Shiloh April 7, 
Alexander Bushong, enr. as Corp. Oct 10, 1861. Disch. tor disability 

Nov. 4, 1862, 
William M. Guthrie, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Promoted to Corp . March 17, 

1862. Disch. tor disability Dec. 18, 1862. 
James W. Perkins, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Promoted to Corp. March 17, 1862, 

Disch tor disability Aug. 29. 1862. 
John Eckenroad, enl. Oct 22, 1861. Disch. to» disability Jan. 18. 1864. 
Dauiel Eckenroad, enl, Oct. 22, 1861. Disch. for disability Nov, 25, 1862. 
Albert Faber, enl, Sept. 2, 1861. Disch. Sept. 3, 1862, for disability 

caused by woimds rec'd at Shiloh April 7, 
Peter Frederick, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Disch. at end of term Oct. 29, 1864. 
James B. Gibson, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Disch. June 21, 1865. 
Charles Green, enl, Sept. 2, 1861. Disch for disability March 10, 1862. 
Henrj- Herriff, enr as Fifer, Oct. 10, 1861. Disch. for disability July 34, 

1863. 
James Hughes, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Disch. June 7, 1865. 
WiUiam Iry, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. Disch. Match -30, 1863, tor disability 

caused by wounds rec'd at Stone River Dec. 31, 1862. 
Anthony Kreekle, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Disch. at end of term Oct. 29, 1864. 
John C. Chapin, enl. Oct. 15, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 20, 1864, to 

Sergt. Dec, 12, 1804, and to 1st Sergt. March 23, 1865, Mustered out 

Nov. 27, 1865. 
Robert A. Gault, enr, as Corp, Oct. 10, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Dec. 

8, 1862. to Sergt. Ma], May 1, 1863, and transf. to Co. G. 
Henry G. Delker, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 2, 1361 . Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

and transf. to Co, H Dec. 5, 1864. 

COMPANY G. 

Robert .A. Gault, enr. as Corp. Co. F, Oct. 10, 1361. Prom, to Sergt. Dec. 

8, 1862; to Sergt. Maj. May I, 1863; to 1st Lient. Co. G Nov. 26, 1864; 

and to Capt. March 28, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 27, 1865. 
Henry Coon, enr. as Corp. Oct. 17, 1861. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. Feb. 

14, 1862, and transf, to Co. K. Resigned April 17, 1862, 
George Hill, enl. Aug. '35, 1862 5Iustered out June 13, 1865. 
Albert W. Miller, enl. March 1, 1864, Mustered out Nov. 27, 1865, 
John Snetheu, enl. Feb. 13, 1364. Mustered out Nov. 27, 1865. 
Bridgeman Snetheu, enl. March 1, 1864. Died from wounds July '25, 1864. 
Allison Varney, enl. Oct. 13, 1863. Mustered out May 16, 1865. 
William Alexander, enl. Oct. 1, 1863. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga., May 

27,1864. 

COMPANY H. 

Henry G. Delker, enr. as Sergt. Co. F, Sept. 2, 1861 . Prom, to 1st Lieut. 

and transferred to Co. H, Dec. 5, 1864, and to Captain March 18, 1865. 

Wounded in left arm and side Dec. 16, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 27, 

1865. 
Albert Whittlesey, enl. Oct. 10, 1864. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. Nov. 7. 

1862, and to 1st Lieut. April 13, 1864. Resigned Nov. 20, 1864. 
William J. Holcomb, enl. Feb. 1, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 27, 1865 
Levi Turner, enl. Feb. 6. 1864. Mustered out Nov. 27, 1865, 
William Tooze, enl. Feb. 6, 1864. 

Norton T. Worcester, enl. Feb, 24, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 37, 1865. 
Richard Hudson, enl. Oct. 14, 1861. 



George Butson, enl Feb. 6, 1864. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga.. May 27, 

1864. 
John Clark, enl. Feb. 6, 1864. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga., May 27, 1864. 
James McMahon, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 16, 1861 Transf. to Co. I. 

COMPANY I. 

James McMahan. enr. S rgt. Co. H. Sept. 16, 1%1. Transf. to Co. I and 

made 2nd Lieut. Dec. 21. 1862. Prom, to 1st Lieut. April 13, 1864. and 

to Capt. Nov. 26, 1864. Res. Feb. 31, 1865. 
John D Kirkendall enr. 2nd Lieut. Co. F, Sept. 2. 1861. Piom. to 1st 

Lieut. Jan. 9, 1862, and transf. to Co. B. and to Capt. Co. I. Jan. 1, 

1863. Dis. Nov. 10, 1864. 
George D. Pai-ker, enr. as Corp. Oct. 3, 1861. Died at Louisville, Ky , Dec. 

2B, 1861. 
Shepard Scott, enr, as Drummer Oct. 2. 1861. Missing after battle of 

Chickamauga Sept. 20, 1862. 
Josephus .\ckley, enl. Aug. 27. 1861. Mustered out March 29, 1865. 
John Clark, enl. Sept. 5, 1861. Disch. for disability, July 25, 1864, 
John Kennedy, enl. Sept. 8, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 11, 1862. 
Louis Duvoo, enl. Sept. 2, 1861. Mustered out at end of term. Nov. 14, 

1864. 
Charles Ellsworth, enl. Sept 14. 1861 . Mustered out at end of term, Nov. 

4, 1864. 
James Fitzgerald, enl. .Aug. 27th. 1861. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 30. 1865 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Frederick Gouch, enl. Oct. 2, 1861. Died at Readyville, Tenn., April 31, 

1863. 
WiUiam Goddard, enl. Oct. 16, 1861. Died at Louisville, Ky., Feb. 1, 1862. 
Uriah Haddock, enl. Sept. 22, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 31, 1.862. 
Henry Holmes, enl. Oct. 2. 1861. Mustered out at end of term Nov. 1, 1864. 
John W. Hall, enl. Oct. 2, 1861. Died at Poe's Tavern, Tenn., Sept. 1'2, 

1863 
Charles Wells, enl Sept. 14, 1861. Mustered out June 17, 1865. 
George Warren, enl. Oct 82, 1861. Discharged tor disability Jan 26, 1865. 
Adam Zjaley, enl. Oct. 5, 1331. Died at Belmont Furnace, Ky., Feb. 20, 

1862. 
William Chapman, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Mustered ojt with the Reg, 
James E. Chapman, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. .Mustered out with the Reg. 
George E, Lauger, enl, Nov. 1. 1861. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 4, 1863, 

Disch. tor disability July 3, 186:^ 

COMPANY K. 

Henry Coon ear as Corp. Co. G Oct. 17, 1851, Promoted to 2d Lieut. 
Feb 14, 1862. and transf, to Co. K. Res, April 17, 1862. Re-enhsted 
in 0th Regt. Aug. ;30, 1862. Mustered out June 8, 1865. 

Albert L Bliss, enr as Sergt. Oct. 16, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 
39, 1863. 

John Oi'r, enr. as Corp. Oct. 3, 1861. Promoted to 1st Serg. Died Jan 
3, 1863, of wounds rec'd at Stone River. 

Newton Battles, enl, Aug. 84, 1861. Died at Camp Wickliffe, Ky , Dec. 
30. 1861. 

James M O'Brien, enr. as Corp. Oct. 3, 1881. Promoted to Serg. De- 
serted Oct. 1, 1883. 

William Babcock, enr. as Fifer Oct, 8, 18B1. Mustered out with the Reg. 

James Miller, enl. Oct. 24, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 19, 1862. 

James Alpin. enl. Oct, 25, 1861, Disch. at end of term Nov. 2, 1864, 

Lafayette Brown, enl. Oct. 4, 18^1. Disch. for disability Jan. 21, 1862. 

Edward Daltou, enl. Oct. 7, 1861. Prom, to Corp. Deserted Oct. 1, 1862. 

John Donaldson, enl, Oct, 10, 1861. Disch. at end of term, Oct. 10, 1864. 

Darwin Henry, enl. Oct. 6. 1.861. Disch. tor disability Aug. 8, 1862. 

John F. Kelley, enl. Oct. 11, 1861. Disch. at end of term, Oct. 11, 1.864. 

William McEacharn, enl. Oct. 14, 1861. Disch. for disability caused by 
wounds rec'd in battle , 

Milton Miller, enl. Oct. 16, 1861. Disch. tor disability . 

William Price, enl. Oct. 21, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Died at Chatta- 
nooga of wounds rec'd in battle 

John Pendleton, enl. Sept. 1, 1861. Disch. tor disabiUty Sept. 2, 1862. 

Arthur Quinn, enl. Aug. 27, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 18, 1862. 

Daniel ttegau, enl. Oct. 7, 1361 Transf. to Vec. Reserve Corps. 

Jacob Rusher, enl. Oct. 21. 1861. Killed at Shiloh April 7, 1862. 

WilUam P. Rodick, enl. Oct. 9, 1361. Disch. March '20, 1865. 

Benjamin F. Rand, eul. Sept. 14, 1861. Disch. for disability Aug. 14, 1863. 

WiUiam Reeve, enl. Oct. 17, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 21, 1863. 

John Stuart, enl. Oct. 16, 1861. i ied in Hos. at Chattanooga , 1863. 

Conrad Schock, enl. Oct. 16, 1861. Deserted April 11, 1863. 

Dennis Sexton, enl. Aug. 37, 1861. Disch. 

Asahel Thayer, enl. Sept. 14, 1861. Died in Hosp. at Bowling Green, Ky., 
Oct. 13, 1863. 

Nicholas Wagner, enl. Oct. 8, 1861. Died at -Athens, Ala., July 16, 1862. 

Henry Wagner, eul. Oct. 9, 1861. Disch. 

Matthew White, enl. Oct. 1'2, 1361. Disch. for disability March 16. 1863 

LeanderM. Lovelace, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 18, 1861. Died at Cincincati, 
April 34, 1862, from wounds. 

Marcus Synod, enl. Oct. 15, 1861. Disch. at end of term, Oct. 15, 1864 

Henry Ai nold, enl. Oct. 14, 1861 . Disch. for disability caused by wounds 
rec'd. at Chickamauga, Sept. 19, 186:3. 

Rawson H, Bradley, enl. Oct. 14, 1861. Disch. tor disability, 1865. 



FORTY-SECOND AND OTHER INFANTRY REGIMENTS. 



CU AFTER XXII. 

FORTY SECOND FOHTY-THIRD AND FIFTY- 
SECOND INFANTRY 

Company ti, Forty-second Infautry-Tlie First Colonel— VVbipping 
Humphrey Marshall— Driven from Cumberland Gap— Storming Chick- 
asaw Bluffs— Defeated -Capture of Arkansas Post— Battle of Port 
tiibson— Champion Hills and Big Black- Assaults on Vicksburg— Siege 
and Capture— In Louisiana— Mustered out— Us Losses— Its Members 
from Cuyahoga County- Forty-third Infantry— In the ' Ohio Brigade" 
—Its Subsequent Services— Its .Members from This County— One Mem- 
ber of the Forty-fltth Infantry— Fiity second Infantry- Its Gallantry 
at Perryville— Saving the .Ammunition at Stone River- The Battle of 
Chickamauga— Severe Duty before Lookout— Mission Ridge— Relief of 
Knoxville— Resaca and Kenesaw— Subsequent Services— Mustered out 
—Members from this County. 

FOHTY-SECOXD IXFAXTRY. 

CoMPAXY G of this regiment was piiucipally from 
Cuyahoga couuty: the records showing sixty-four 
men from that county on its rolls, and seven more on 
those of Companies H and K. The various compa- 
nies were mustered at Camp Chase during the autumn 
of 18G1; the regiment being completed by tlie muster 
of Companies G, H, I and K, on the 26th of Novem- 
ber. The first colonel was the now celebrated states- 
man, James A. Garfield. 

The Forty -second moved to Kentucky in December, 
and on the 10th of January, 1862, with other troops, 
was engaged in a sharp fight vrith several thousand 
rebels under General Humphrey Marshall. During 
the following night Marshall burned his baggage and 
fled, leaving his dead on the ground. After consid- 
erable other duty against guerrillas, the Forty-second 
was made a part of General G. W. Morgan's command, 
with which it inarched to Cumberland Gap, taking 
possession of that renowned stronghold on the 18th of 
June. On the 6th of July the brigade to which it 
belonged was attacked by a heavy body of Confederates 
a short distance south of the Gap, and forced back to 
that point. General Morgan finally withdrew his 
whole command through Kentucky: the Forty-second 
acting as rear-guard in a very exhaustive march. 

After a short excursion into Western Virginia, the 
regiment went down to Memphis, in November, 1862. 
In December it i)roceeded to the vicinity of Vicks- 
burg. and on the 29th of that month was one of the 
regiments which stormed tiie rebel intrenehments at 
Chickasaw Bluffs. It rushed forward in the face of a 
terrific fire with the utmost gallantry, but the storm 
of shot and shell and musketry was so murderous that 
it was obliged to retire, as was the rest of the assailing 
force. 

Early in January, 1863, the troops before Vicks- 
burg went up the Arkansas river and attacked Arkan- 
sas Post. After four hours' cannonading and several 
unsuccessful charges, another charge was made in 
which the Forty-second led the advance, but soon 
after it got under fire the enemy surrendered. Seven 
thousand prisoners were captured. 

Returning to the vicinity of Vicksburg the regiment, 
in the latter part of April, took a prominent part in 
the movement against the rear of that city. In the 
battle of Port Gibson it twice cliaroed the iiitivncli- 



ments of the enemy and was compelled to fall back 
with heavy loss, but its courage was still unbroken 
and, being moved to another position, it again made 
a charge and carried the rebel works. The enemy 
then abandoned the field. This regiment lost more 
heavily than any other in the corps. 

The Forty-second was slightly engaged at Cham- 
pion Hills and Big Black river, and suffered severely 
in the unsuccessful attacks on Vicksburg on the 19th 
and 22d of May. It participated in the hardships and 
glories of the siege and capture of Vicksburg, and 
soon afterward was ordered to the department of the 
Gulf. During the winter of 1863-4, it was stationed 
at Plaquemine, Louisiana. It was engaged through 
the siu-iug and summer of 1864 in arduous service, 
(though without much fighting), in Louisiana and 
Arkansas, and was mustered out in the fall, as the 
terms of the various companies expired. 

Duriug its three years" service the Forty-second had 
one officer and twenty men killed, and eighteen offi- 
cers and three hundred and twenty-five men wounded. 

ME.MBEIiS FROM CUYAHOGA COfXTY. 

COMPANY Q. 

Charles P. Jewett, ear. as Capt. Sept. 19, ISiil. Res. July 11, 1863. 
Calvin Pierce, enl. Oct. 4, 1861. Pro. to 2d Lieut. May 08, 1863; to 1st 

Lieut. May 25, 1884. Jlustered out with Co. Dec. 2. 1864. 
Edward B, Campbell, enr. as 1st Sergt. Sept. 19, 1861. Pro. to 8d Lieut. 

March 20, 1862; to 1st Lieut. June 5, 1862; to Capt. May 37. 1863. 

Transt. to 96th Reg. as Capt. Co. E Oct . 22, 1853. Must, out July 7, 

1865. 
Andrew J. Stone, enr. as 2d Lieut. Sept. 19, 1861. Died March 9. 1862. 
Noble B. Wiggins, enl. Sept. 19, 1861 Pro. to 1st Sergt. July 5. 1864. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
John Hull, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 19, 1861 Mustered out with the Co. 
D. J. Wilder, enr. as Corp. Sept. 19,1861. Pro. to Sergt. Mustered 

out with Co. 
John W. Hofste, enl. Sept. 19, 1861 . Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Co . 
Daniel Mulverhill, eul. Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to Sergt July 5, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
.\lfred D. Stryker, enl. Oct. 22, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Henry ColUns, enlisted Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Nov. 1, ISM. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
CharlesS. Anderson, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Peter Carlin, enl. Oct. 4, 1861 Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Corcoran, enl Oct. 4, 1861 Mustered out with the Co. 
AmasaS. Garfield, enl. Sept. 19, 18^1. Mustered out with the Co. 
George M. Kelley, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
James McGregor, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
John McGregor, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
James McGuire, enl Sept 19,1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patrick Murphy, enl. Nov. 5, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
George M Phelps, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Seymour Ruggles. enl Sept. 19, 1881. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederick J. .Switz, enl. Sept 19, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael Shevlin, enl Oct. 4, 1851 .Mustered oat with the Co . 
Harp)ld Shattuck. eul. Oct. 4. 18<il. Mustered out with the Co. 
Wilson Shepard, enl. Oct. 4, ISll. Mustere 1 out «-ith the C-J. 
James Williamson, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Patrick Hays. enl. S^pt 19.1861 Killed near Vicksburg, Miss. Dee. 

29, 1862 
Alfred Faulkner, enl. Sept. 19, 1861 . Killed at sieje of Vicksburg. .May 

31), istvi. 
Henry C. Morgan, enl Sept. 19. 1861. PromHed to Corp. Die.l at 

Vicksburg, Miss , July 27, 1863 
William Gardner, enl as Corp. Sept 19, 1861 Diedfrom wounds reed 

in battle, Jan 12, 1862. 
John J l^uiggin. enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Pr.Mnoted to Corp. DiedinHosp. 

at New Orleans, Aug. 31, 1863. 
Junior R. Cox, enr. as Corp. Sept 19, 1861. Died at Cumberland Gap, 

Sept. 18, 1862 
BelaW Porter, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Died at St. Louis, Mo., Jan. 

1863. 
Frank Williams, enl. Sept, 19. HSl . Died at Vicksburg, July 26, 18'n. 



116 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COrXTY. 



Calvin A. Marble, enr. as Si?rgt. Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

Disch. for disability March 25, 1863. 
John Brown, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Disch. for disa- 
bility May 3, 1863. 
John Brayton, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut, in U. S. Col. 

Inf., May, 1-64. 
James Gazelly, enl Sept. 19, 1861. Disch. for disability Sept. 15, 1862. 
Jacob James enl. Sept. 19, 1801. Disch. Jan. 12, 1863. 
RufusC. Huntoon. enl. Sept. 19, 1«61 Promoted to 2nd Lieut. U. S. 

Col. Int. June 11, 1864. 
John McMahon, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Disch. for disability Aug. 19, 1862. 
Michael O'Brien, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Disch. for disability Oct. 15, 1863. 
Warren iiathburn, enl. Oct. 4, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 10, 1863. 
George G, Striker, enl. Oct. 22. 1861. Disch. Oct. 15. 1863, for disability 

caused by wounds rec"d in action May 1 . 
William Simloe. enl. Oct. 28, 1861. Disch. for disability May 25, 1863. 
William P. Williams, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 15, 

186-3. 
Thomas Mapes, enl. Oct. 4. 1861. Disch. Dec. 4, 1862, 
James Deharty, enl Oct. 13, 1861. Transf. to Vet. Reserve Corps. 
Nicholas Moore, enl. Sept. 19. 1861 , Transf. to the Invalid Corps. 
John Perry, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to Principal Musician Sept. 

14, 1864. Mustered out at end of terra Oct., 1864. 
John R. Bailey, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to Corp Mustered out 

with the Co. Dec. 2, 1864. 
Edward Caine, enl. Oct. 13, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Robert Corlett, enl. Oct. 13. 1861. Mustered out with the Co 
Thomas Corlett. enl. Oct. 13, 1861. Died at home Feb , 1862. 
John G. Warren, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Died at Ashland. Ky.Feb. 1862. 
Norman F. Dean. enl. Oct. 13, 1861. Promoted to Corp. 
George D. Farr, enl. as Corp. Sept. 19, 1861. Disch. for disability Oct. 

r, I,S63. 
WiUard M. Farr, enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut II 8th Reg 

U.S. Col. Inf. May — 1864. 
George Havcox, enl Sept 19. 1861. Disch. for disabiUty July 15, 1863. 
John M. Hays, enl. Oct s. ]K62. Disch. at end of term (9 mos ), July 

6, 1863. 
Edward A. WiUiams. enl. Sept. 19, 1861. Promoted to Corp. July 5, 

1864. Mustered out with the Co. Dec. 2, 1864. 
Lorenzo D. Cox, enl. Oct. 18, 1861 . Mustered out with the Co. 
David B. Clark, enl. Nov. 13, 1861. Died at Vicksburg, Miss , July 27, 



1863. 



COMPAXY H. 



Hiram J. Bowman, enr. as Corp. Nov. 6, 1861 . Mustered out with the 

Co. Dec. 2, 1864. 
Alvin J. Stanley, enr. as Corp Nov. 3, 1861 . Mustered out with the Co. 
Luther M. Fast, enl. Nov. 8, 1861 . Mustered out with the Co 
John Warren, enl. Nov. 5. 1861. Disch. for disability April 6. 1862. 
PhiUp Youngblood, enl. Nov. 8, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 15, 1863. 

COMPANY K. 

Augustus B. HubbeU, enr. Nov. 15, 1861 . Promoted to 2d Lieut. Jan. 28, 
1863; and to 1st Lieut. Feb. 26, 1864. Mustered out with the Co Dec 
2. 1864. 

Joseph S. Osgood, enl. Oct. 23, 1861. Disch. Oct. 6, 1862. 

FORTY-THIRD INFANTRY. 

This regiment had but twelve men from Cuyahoga 
county. It was assigned to the celebrated "Ohio 
Brigade." the services of which are outlined in the 
sketch of the Twenty-seventh Infantrv. After the 
discontinuance of that brigade, in the spring of 186J:, 
the regiment was actively and gallantly engaged 
throughout the Atlanta campaign: taking a promi- 
nent part in the conflicts at Resaca, Oostenaula, Ken- 
esaw, Decatur, etc. It participated in the "March 
to the Sea," and the campaign through the Carolinas, 
and was mustered out in Julv, 1865. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COU.VTY. 

COMPANY C. 

George Dill, enl. Dec. 2-3, 186-3. Mustered out with the Co., July 13 1865 
Albert A. Lawrence, eni. Feb. 23, 1864. Mustered out with the Co 
S. S. Piper, enl. Feb. 10, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Wheelan, enl. Jan. 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Co 
Alexander P. Akins, enl. Jan. .30. 1854. Transf. to the navy Sept 10 I86( 
William Burch, enl. March 10, 1864 



Charles Campbell, enl. Feb. 10. 1864. Transf. to the navy Sept. 10, 1864. 
John Mahony, enl. Feb. 27. 1844. Mustered out with the Co. 
Giles H, Russ. enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Schnabel, enl. March 31, 18H4. Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPAJCY F. 

James McMannis. enl. Jan. 10,1864. Mustered out with Co. July 13, 1865. 

COMPANY G. 

John Moran, enl. Jan. 12, 1864. .Mustered out with the Co. July 1.3, 1865. 

FORTY-FIFTH IXFASTRY. 

JuUus J. Sheldon, enr. as Asst. Surg. Aug. 15, 1862. Resigned Nov. 6 
1864. 

FIFTY-SECOXU INFANTRY. 

Twenty-three men of Company I comprised the 
representation of Cuyahoga county in the Fifty-third 
Ohio Infantry. The regiment was raised by Colonel 
Dan. McCook in the summer of 1863. Its first battle 
was that of Perryville, where the raw soldiers stood 
to their work like veterans, capturing Peters Hill 
after a sharp conflict, and repelling with heavy loss, 
the rebel force sent to retake it. It was not in the 
battle of Stone River, but its left wing, while escort- 
ing an ammunition train to the scene of conflict, was 
attacked by a large force of rebel cavalry, wliich was 
completely defeated. 

After serving in middle Tennessee through the 
spring and summer of 1863. the Fifty-second advanced 
with Rosecrans. and on the 19th, 20th and 21st of 
September took part in the disastrous battle of Chick- 
amauga. Most of the time it was held in reserve, and 
consequently it did not suffer a very serious loss. 
Soon afterwards it was on very severe duty for a week, 
without relief, in the worst of weather, holding a 
position under the constant fire of the rebels on Look- 
out mountain. The Fifty-second supported the 
storming columns at Mission Ridsre, and was active 
in the pursuit of the defeated enemy. It soon after 
marched to the relief of Kno.wille, sufEering severely 
from the inclemency of the weather and the scant- 
iness of supplies. 

The ne.\t spring, 1864, the regiment went into the 
Atlanta campaign. At Resaca it made a charge and 
defeated the enemy, but with heavy loss to itself. 
At Kenesaw mountain the brigade to which it be- 
longed attacked the rebel intrenchments with the 
most desperate gallantry, buf was defeated with very 
heavy loss; the gallant Colonel McCook being mortally 
wounded. The regiment continued in active service 
until the capture of Atlanta: marched with Sherman 
to the sea and through the Carolinas, and was mus- 
tered out in June, 1865. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Joel Morse, enr. as Surgeon July 22, 1862. Resigned Sept. 6, 1864. 



Ira H. Pool, enr. as 1st Sergt. July 19, 1862. Prom, to 1st Lieut. Nov. 26, 
1862, and to Capt. April 24, 1864. Died July 30, 1864, of wounds rec'd 
at Kenesaw Mt., Ga. 

William Freeman, enr. as Sergt. June 3. 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 
Nov. 1, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Wilham Buckire, enl. June 30, 1862. Disch. June 9, 1863. 

Joseph H. Garrison, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 



FIFTY-FOURTH AND OTHER INFANTRY REGIMENTS. 



117 



John Lanagban, enl . July 3. 186-J. Mustered out with the Reg . 

William Lockard , enl . July 4. 1862 . Mustered out with the Reg 

William Myers, enl. June i, 18G-3. Disch. Dec. 36, 1868. 

James Moneysmith, enl . June 81, 1863. Died Oct. 83, 1803, from wounds 
received in action. 

James McKutchen, enl July 36. 1863, Mustered out with the Reg. 

Thomas Olds, enl June 35, 1S68. Mustered out with the Reg. 

George Simmons, enl. July 34, 1863. Deserted Aug. 33, ISSi. 

Frederick .Seivert, enl. July 36. 1862. Disch. Dec. 18. 1862. 

Howard F. Thompson, enl. Jime 4, 18C3. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Justin Weisgerber. enl June 1, 1862 

C'haries Wittern, enl. July 31. 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Thomas Waddoek. enl. June 38, 1863. Tran^f , to the .Alarine Corps. 

Randall Zopher, enr. as Drummer June 11, l^ia. Died at Bowling Green, 
Ky., Nov. 4. 1802. 

Peter Risser, enl. June 16. 1862. Detailed as baker Jan. 30, 1801. 

John N. Uiilsenheimer, enl. June 15, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 
June 3, 1865. 

Henry Lotz. enr. as Corp. June 16, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 16, 
1 863 Jlustered out with the Reg. June 3, 1865. 

Augustus Lotz. enl. Feb. 30, 1864. Transf. to 69th Reg., Co. I Mus- 
tered out July 17, 1865. 

George W. Cogswell, enr. as Corp. Aug. 5, 1802. Mustered out with the 
Reg. 

Dejning B. Fish, enl. .July 21. 1862. Muste ed out with the Reg. 



CHAPTER XXIII. 

FIFTr-FOURTH, FIFTY-EIGHTH AND SIXTIETH 
INFANTRY. 

Company H of the Fifty-fourth— The Regiment at Pittsburgh Landing— 
Chickasaw Bluflts — Arkansas Post — Operations around Vicksburg — 
.Mission Ridge— Relief of Knoxville Resaca. Kenesaw and Atl nta — 
Down to the Sea— Through the Carolinas— In Arkansas— Mustered 
Out- -Men from this County— A Man in the Fifty -fltth—The Germans 
of the Fifty-eighth- Shaking off the Snow to attack Fort Donelson— 
Pittsburg Landing— Chickasaw Bluffs— On the Ironclads— Running 
the Gauntlet— CHher Services— Mustered Out— Cuyahoga Members— 
The Sixtieth Infantry— An Incomi)lete Regiment — In the Wilderness- 
Spottsylvania and Cold Harbor— Petersburg, Etc.— Losses— List of 
Cuyahfiga County Men. 

FIFTY-FOrKTH INFANTRY. 

A M.\.iiiiiiTY (if C!i)nip:iiiy H (fifty-four men) was 
tlie coiiti'ibution uf Cuyahoga comity to the Fifty- 
fourth Infantry. Tii? regiment was raised during 
the autumn of IStll and the following winter. It 
went to Kentucky in February, 1862, and the follow- 
ing month ascended the Tennessee to Pittsburg 
Lauding, and, being in General Sherman's division, 
encamped near Shiloh Church. It was hotly engaged 
oil both the Gth and 7th of April; a hundred and 
ninety-eight men being reported as killed, wounded 
and missing. 

After taking part in the capture of Corinth, and 
after numerous marches in southwestern Tennessee 
and northern Mississippi, the Fifty-fourth went down 
the Mississippi river in December, I,862, and partici- 
pated in the assault on Chickasaw Bluffs; being 
repulsed witli a loss of twenty men killed and 
wounded. It was also a part of the command which 
captured Arkansas Post. 

The Fifty-fourth was active in all the arduous 
marches and hard fighting which resulted in the cap- 
ture of Vicksburg; having forty-seven killed and 
wounded in the assaults made on the rebel works on 
the 19th and 'i'M of June. It remained mostl}' at 
N'ieksburg until October, 1803, when it moved to 



Chattanooga. It helped to achieve the great victory 
of Mission Ridge, and was a part of the devoted band 
which, with half rations of food and less than half 
supplied with clothing, by means of forced marches 
in inclement weather succeeded in raising the siege of 
Knoxville. 

After re-enlisting as a veteran regiment and taking 
the usual furlough, the Fifty-fourth engaged in the 
-•Vtlanta campaign. It was in the conflicts at Resaca 
and Dallas, and lost twenty-eight killed iind wounded 
in the assault on Kenesaw Mountain. In the battle 
before Atlanta, on tiie 21st and 22d of July, 186-1, the 
regiment lost ninety-four, killed, wounded and 
missing. 

After the fall of Atlanta the Fifty-fourth marched 
down to the sea, and took part in the capture of Fort 
McAllister, near Savannah. It marched through the 
Carolinas with Sherman, fighting whenevernecessary. 
In June, 18G5, the regiment was sent to Arkansas, 
but m August was mustered out, brought home to 
Ohio and disbanded. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOliA rOf.NTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

John F. Cutler, enr. as Sergt. May 20, 1861, Co. C, 23d Regt. Promoted 
to 3d Lieut. July 23, 1861 . Res. Sept. 22, 1861. Re-enl. as priv. Co. 
H. 54th Regt. Jan. 4, 1862. App. 1st Sergt. Feb. 8, 1862. Pnmi. to 
3d Lieut. Aug. 19, 1862, to 1st Lieut. Nov. -37, 1863, and to Adjt. Oct. 

I, 1864. Mustered out at end of term Jan. 4, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Henry Richardson, enr. 2d Lieut. Co. D, 23d Inf. May 20, 1861. Transf. 
to Co. B. Made flapt. Co. H, 54th Inf. Feb. 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 

II, 1868. 

Silas W. Potter, enr. as 1st Lieut. Dec. 19, 1861. Disch. Aug. 19, 1862. 
George W. Browning, enl. Dec. 20. 1861. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Feb. 5, 

1862, and to 1st Lieut Aug. 19, 1862, Resigned Feb. 13, 1863. 
Seaman M.Bauder, enl. Dec. 38, 1861. Appointed Sergt. Feb. 8, 1862. 

Promoted to 3d Lieut. July 15, 1862. Resigned March 30, 1863. 
Isaac B. Seeley, enl. Jan. T, 1863. Appointed Sergt. Feb. 8, 1862. 
Oscar Pearsons, enl. Jan. 1, 1862. Appointed Sergt. Feb. 8, 1862. 
Lyman McGatb. enl. Jan. 85, 1868. Appointed Corp. Feb. 8, 1862. 
Hugh Moncrief, enl. Dec. 28 1861. Appointed Corp. Feb. 8, 1863. 
William Stevens, enl. Dec. 28, 1861. Appointed Corp. Feb. 8, 1862. 
Felix Monroe, enl. Jan. 6, 1862, Appomted Corp, Feb. 8, 1862, 
Isaac Travis, enr, as Musician Dec. 22, 1861. 
Joseph Richardson, enl, Dec, 20, 1861, 
Richard Allen, enl, Dec, 21, 1861, 
William Alexander, enl, Jan, 6, 1862, 
Charles .\mbrose, enl. Jan. 17, 1868. 
Charles Bennett, enl, Jan, 4, 1868, 
Andrew J, Brewer, enl, Jan, 9, 1863, 
Jacob Berschimer. enl, Jan, 15, 1868. 
Charles I>alley, enl. Jan. T, 1863. 
John Devine, enl. Jan. 80, 1808. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 80, 1864. Taken 

prisoner July iS, 1864. Disch. June 19. 1865, 
George F, Gale, enl, Jan, 8, 1862, 
Isaac GUinter, enl, Dec. 28, 1861. 
Thomas Gahan, enl. Jan , 83, 1862. 
James Hudson, enl, Dec, 88, 1861. 
George W, Hoag, enl, Dec. 84, 1861. Mustered out at end of term March 

83, 1S65, 
Patrick Hart, enl. Jan. 10, 1863. 
Alfred L, Jago, enl, Jan. 4, 1868. 
H.irace Knapp, enl. Jan. 8, 1802, 
James Kinkaid, enl, Dec. 81. ISHI. 
.lohn Kenney, enl, Jan, 13, 1868, 
James Lytle, enl, Jan, 10, 1888. 
Hoxie Lamphear, enl, Feb, 3, 1862, 
Reuben Mitchell, enl, Jan, 10. 1862, 
William Mat.y, enl, Jan 6, 1862, 
John Maples, enl, Jan, 4, 1868, 
John Mead, enl, Jan. 16, 1868, 
John Nelson, enl, Jan, 6, 1868, 
Hugh Nelson, enl, Jan. 6, 1S62. 
Frederic Nicola, enl, Jan. 23, 1862. 



118 



GENERAL HISTOEY OF CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 



Charles Olmsted, enl. Dec. 27, 1861. 
Albert Parmenter, enl. Feb. 1, 1868. 
Joseph Risinger, enl. Jan. SO, 1862. 
Lawrence Eixinger, enl. Jan. 7, 1862. 
Roger Ryan, enl. Jan. 7, 1862. 
Jackson Smith, eul. Jan. 4, 1868. 
John Skeene, enl. Jan. 12, 1862. 
John Sandy, enl. Jan. 7, 1863. 
John Tiernan. enl. Jan. 4, 1862. 
William H. Vaughn, enl. Jan. G, 1862. 
Wallace Wass, enl. Dec. 21, 1861. 
Jonathan Winslow. enl. Jan. 7, 1S62. 



FIFTY-flFTH IXFAXTRY. 



COMPANY D. 



Charles Stillman, enl. Sept. 13, 1861. Promoted to 1st Sergeant Oct. 20 
1861 ; to 2d Lieut. Ott. 2, 1862. Resigned March 10, 1864. 



FIFTY-EIGHTH IXFAXTRY. 

This was a German regiment, raised in the autumn 
of 1861 and the following winter, and containing 
eighty-three men from Cuyahoga county, scattered 
through six companies, from E, with twenty-five 
men, down to F, with five. It was sent to the front 
early in February, 1862, and had the distinction of 
being the only regiment wjth a Cuyahoga representa- 
tion which took part in the capture of Fort Douelson. 
Arriving at the scene of conflict on the 13th of Feb- 
ruaiT, after a fatiguing march, the soldiers bivouacked 
in sight of the fort, slept soundly, and the next morn- 
ing found themselves covered with three inches of 
snow. 

Shaking off the snow, the men moved forward. 
The enemy came out of his works and attacked 
them, but was driven back into his intrenchments 
with heavy loss. The Fifty-eighth then held its 
position till night. On the 16th the fort surrendered. 

Proceeding up the Tennessee, the regiment went 
into the battle of Pittsburg Landing on the 7th of 
April, and was warmly engaged until the enemy 
retreated; its loss being nine killed and fortv-three 
wounded. 

After serving principally on the Mississippi during 
the summer and autumn of 1862, the Fiftv-eighth 
went with Sherman's army to Chickasaw Blufl's, where 
it charged the rebel works most gallantly; being the 
first to reach the line of rifle pits. Like the rest 
of the command, it was driven back, however; having 
nearly half its number killed and wounded. This 
defeat was partially compensated by the capture of 
Arkansas Post, in which the Fifty-eighth took part. 

It was then jilaced by detachments on various iron- 
clad steamers, where it did good service along the 
rivers; being on the fleet which achieved the exciting 
feat of running past the blazing batteries of Vicks- 
burg on the occasion of Grant's movement to the rear 
of that stronghold. The regiment landed at Grand 
Gulf, and lost heavily in the battle which was fought 
there; afterwards taking jiart in the various expedi- 
tious in Louisiana. From Sei)tember, 1863, till De- 
cember, 1861. it was on provost duty at Vicksburg, 
and was then sent home and mustered out. 



MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Jacob Eggiman, enl. .-ipril 30. 1864. Mustered out with the Co., Sept. 

16, 1865. 
William Schwandt, enl. May 2, 1864. Clustered out with the Co. 



John Spaeth, enl. Feb. 13. 1864. Promoted to Corporal March 1. 1864. 
Promoted to Sergt. Dec. 24, 1864, and tolstSergt. Junel, IS'io. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. Sept. 16, 1865. 

Thomas Abel. enl. March 30, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

John G. Hammerly, enl. March 4, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

George Kens, enl, March 30, 186 1 . Lost on the steamer Sultana April 
27, 1865. 

August Matthews, enl. Feb. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

David Schwinghatner. enl. March 27, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Schneider, enl. March 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Sihraidt, enl, March 30, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 

Fred Schwinghatner, enl . March 23, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPA.VV c. 

John W. Hughes enl. March 19, 1864. Promoted to .\sst. Surg. tSth 
Reg. U.S. A., Aug. 5, 1864. 

George Butler, enl. March 19, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. June 1, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. Sept. l»i, 1865. 

Jacob Weber, eul. Feb. 27, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Aug. 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co . 

Charles E. MeMahon, enl. Jan. 2!i, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas Berrick. enl. Feb. 22. 1864. Mustered with with the Co. 

Israel Beck, eul. Feb. 23, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 

Patrick Cummings. enl. Feb. 29. 1364. Mustered out with the Co. 

George P. Dahash, eul. Feb. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Julius Haines, enl. March 12, 1864. Muste;ed out with the Co. 

George Haislet, enl. Feb. 23. 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 

Jacob Klein, enl . Feb . 0, 1804 . Mustered out with the Co. 

John Keaver. enl. Feb. 5. 18H4. Mustered out with the Co. 

Matthew Lawless, enl. Feb. 11, 1S64. Mustered outwith the Co. 

Charles Lutz. enl. Sarch 1.1804 Mustered out with the Co. 

John Sander, enl . Feb . 2fi. 1804. Mustered out with the Co . 

Henry Schlattmej-er. enl. Feb. 17. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Wolfkammer, enl. Feb. 5. 1861. Mustered with the Co. 

Walter Heffrou, enl. March 28, 1864. Died at Vicksburg. Miss., July 7. 
1864. 

John Wurster, enl. Feb. 3, 1864. Died at Cairo, 111., 1 ec. 1. 1864. 



Jacob Elmer, enr. as Musician Dec. 20, 1861 . Mustered out Jan. 14, 1805. 

Andrew Waller, enl. Dec 31. 1861. Disch. Nov. 38, 1862. 

John C. Bauer, enl. March 31, 1864. Lost on the steamer Sultana. Aprij 

27, 1865. 
Henry Cornell, enl. March 16, li:64. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 16, 1,865. 
George J. Kohner, enl. March 4. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Mohr, enl. March 16, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward Peck, enl, Feb. 26. 1864. Mustered out Sept. 16. 1865. 
William Sheehau, enl. March 24, 18W Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas Palmer, enl. March 5, 1854. Died at Vicksburg, Miss., July 30, 

1864. 

COMPANY E. 

Robert Speeht. enl. Oct. 9, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. .Ian. 8, 1862; and 

to 2d Lieut. Sept. 21. 1862, Resigned Dec. 20th, 1863. 
Charles Stoppel. enl. Dec. 9. 1861. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 7, 1862; to 

2d Lieut. Nov. 14, 1863; and to 1st Lieut. May 25, 1864. Mustered 

out with the Co. Jan. 14th, 1865. 
Henry Manzelman, enl. Oct. 29,1861. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Mustered 

out with the Co . 
Adolph Mauzelmau, enl. Oct. 9, 1861. Piomoted to Sergt. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
William Holtz. enl. Oct 28, 1861. Mustered out with the Co 
Emanuel Schadler, enl. Nov. 16, 1861. Wounded at Shiloh April ~, 1802 

and sent to the Qeu. Hosp. 
Henrj' Wurtinghauser, enr. as Musician Oct. 26, 1861. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Thomas Dill, enl. Dec. 7, 1861. Disch. for disability Sept. 19, 1862. 
Philip Boade, enl. Jan. 27, 1864. Loston the steamer Sultana, April 37, 

1865. 
Charles A. Bolin, enl. Dec. 26, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederick Chandler, enl. Jan. 14. 1864. Transferred to the Invalid C'oiijs 

March 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Conrad Frodrith, enl. Jan 15, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
Hugh Hart, en). Nov. 30. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael Hugo, enl. Jan. 6, ISOl. Mustered out with the Co. 
Benjamin Lewis, eul. Jan 20, 1.804. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward Mullen, enl. Nov. 24, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael O'Morrow, enl. Dec. 30, 1863. Clustered out with the Co. 



FIFTY-FOURTH AND OTHER INFANTRY REULMEXTS. 



119 



FrieJricU Rentz, eal. Feb. I, ISiH. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Johu Ruth, enl. Fel). 1, 18(U. Mustei-ed out with the Co. 
Alfreil Syu.es, enl. Jan. 14, 18Gt. Pr..motecl Corp. March 1, l-<ii3. 

tereil out with the Co, 
Hi-nry Stockinger. enl. Oct. SI, ISUl. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 

Killed in action on board gunboat near Liverpool. Miss.. May 
Joseph Faad. enl. Oct. 13, 1S61. Died at Vicksburg. Miss,, Aug. 
John Fathschild, enl. Nov. 4, 1861. Died at Cleveland, O , Aug. 
(iottlieb Meyer, enl. Oct 11. 18B1. Died at Vicksturg. Miss., 

IKua, 
John Spatholtz, enl. Oct. ar 1861 Died at Camp Dennison, 0., July 3 



•Si, im-i. 
10. 186.3. 
ir, 1863. 
Aug. 13, 



181W, 



COMPANY F. 



John Burk. enl. March l.i. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. Sent. 16. 1865. 
Solomon Baehnmnn, enl. Feb. 83, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John W. Simmons, enl. March 6, 1864. Blustered out with the Co. 
William H. Shepard, enl. Feb. ih, IHG4. Disch. Sept. 1.), 1805 
James Tliomas, enl Mareli Vi, 1864, Mustered out with the Co. 



Caspar Jung, en!. Oct. 5, 1861. Mustered out wiib the Co. Jan 14 ISO.). 
Frederick Kramer, enl. Dec. 4, 1861 . 

August Wagner, enl. Oct. 25. 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Julius Bauerle, enl. Feb. 1. 186S. Disch. for disability May 3, 186S. 
John Lee. enl. Nov. 19, 1861. Disch. for disability Feb. 24, 186-.;. 
Peter Lehmann. enl. Oct. IT, 1861. Disch. for disability Nov. 84, 1863. 
John Prell, enl. Feb. 5, 1803, Disch. for disability caused by wounds. 
George Eisenhart, enl. Dec. 13, 1S61. Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 16, 

IS63. 
Emil Von Langendorff, enl. Feb. 1, 1862. Mustered out with the Co, 
.lohii Rakowski, eul. Feb. 1, 1862. Disch. at end of term Feb. 15, 1865. 
Frederick Buehler. enl. Nov. 4, 1861. Died in Hosp. near St. Louis, Mc 

June 3. 1863. 
Philip Leidich, enr. as Musician Oct. 14, 1861. Died Jan. 31, 1863. 
Philip Lorch, enl. Feb. 1. 1862. Died March 6, 1863. 
Charles Wesehe. enl. Oct. 15, 1861. Killed near Vicksburg Dec. 39, 1863. 

SIXTIETH INFANTRY. 

There was a one-year regiment bearing tliis number, 
raised in 1861, but uo part of it was from Cuyahoga 
county. In the spring of 1864 a new regiment of 
three-year men was raised to which the vacant num- 
ber was assigned. Wlien six companies were full 
they were sent to the front under a lieutenant-colonel. 
Two independent companies of shari)shooters were 
assigned to it for duty, and two more comixmies of 
infantry joined it during the summer, but it was 
never full. One of the sharpshooter companies was 
raised jirincipally in Berea and vicinity, under Captain 
\V. L. Stearns. It finally became Company G of the 
Sixtieth. In all there were one hundred and eighty- 
six men in the regiment from Cuyahoga county; 
sixty-seven in Company H, fifty-six in Company G, 
and forty-nine in Company E: besides a few each in 
A, D anil i. 

The regiment reported to General Burnside, at 
Alexandria, Virginia, on the 2-lth of April, 1804, 
joined the army of the Potomac with him, and on the 
5th of May first came under fire in the terrible battle 
of the Wilderness. The new soldiers bore themselves 
with distinguished courage in this awful ordeal, and 
were especially complimented for their gallantry in 
leading the advance at Mary's Bridge on the 0th of 
May; crossing the Xy river under a severe fire and 
driving the enemy from his position. The Sixtieth 
was also hotly engaged at Si)Ottsylvania and North 
Anna, and when the deadly assault was made on the 
fortifications of Cold Harbor, the young regiment was 
there to take part. It did faithful service in the 
trenches before Petersburg, and suffered severclv at 



Salem Jlills and on the Weldon Railroad. During 
its year of service, eleven of the men from Cuyahoga 
county were killed in action; indicating that about 
seventy of those from that county were killed or 
wounded. A considei'aljle number were also taken 
prisoners, of whom a large proportion died in the 
rebel prison at Salislniry. The Sixtieth was close up 
to the rebel works at Petersburg, and was the second 
regiment to enter that city on its evacuation by the 
rebels. It was mustered out in July, 1865. 

MK.MHEHS FKOM ITYAHOUA (.■(K'NTV. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Henry R. Stevens, eul Capt. Co. H March 83, 1864. Promoted to Maj. 

June 36, 186.). Mustered out with the Reg. July 28. 1865. 
William L. Stearns, enl. as 1st Sergt. .">th Co. Sharpshooters Oct. 31, 1863. 

Promoted March 15, 1804. to Capt. Co. G, Ortth Inf., and to .Maj. Aug. 

16. 1864. Resigned April 18. 1865, 
Charles E, .\mes, enl. as Sergt. April 18, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Reg. July 28, 1865. 

NON-COMMIS.SIONED STAFF. 

John D, Schoonmaker, enl. March 31, 1864. App. Hosp. Steward May 
16, 1864. Killed in action before Petersburg, Va., March 39, 1865. 

Daniel Lechleittr, eni. Co. I May 3, 1864. Promoted to Com. Sergt. 
Dec. 1. 1SB4, Mustered out with Reg. 



John Jamison, enl. Jan. 19, 1865. Mustered out July 24. 1865. 
James McGloan, enl, Jan. 0, 1865. Mustered out July 24. 186.). 

COMPANY D. 

Edwin Cress, enl. Feb. 17, 1864, Co. G. Promoted to Q. M. Sergt. June 

I, 1864, and to 2nd Lieut. Co. D March 25. 1865. Resigned June .30, 

1863. 
Christopher C, Gray, enl. Jan. 30, 1865. Mustered out July 24, 1865. 
Dosson Finch, eul. March 25, 1864. Died at Fairfax Seminary Hosp. 

May 15. 1864 
John Hutchins. enl. March 33, 1864. Jlissing since action of June IT, 

1864, in front of Petersburg. Va, 

COMPANY E 

A G. Quintrell. enr. as 2nd Lieut, March 9, 1S64. Promoted to Capt. 

April 18, 18i)4, Missing since action of June IT, 1864, and thought to 

have been killed. 
Franklin Paine, Jr., enr. as 1st Sergt. Co. H March 16, 1864. Promoted 

Dee. 31. 1864, to 1st Lieut, Co E, and to Capt. July 25. 1863. Mus- 
tered out with Reg. 
BenJ. F. Taylor, enr. as Sergt. 5Iaroh 13, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

Sick in Hosp. at Muster out. 
James A. Wilson, enr. as Sergt March 28, 18i)4. Mustered out with Co 

July 28, 1865. 
Robert Gillmore, enl March 19, 1364. Promoted to Corj). Mustered 

out with Co. 
Joseph Wilson, enl March 28, 1864 Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with Co. 
William J. Beatty, enl. March 30. 1864. Mustered out with Co. 
Timothy Bacon, enl March 31. 1364. Mustered out with Co. 
James W Brouse. enl. April 13, 1864. 

Harvey Brouse, enl. March 33, 1864. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry O. Brouse, enr. as Corp. March 23, 1864 
William G. Carpenter, enl. Feb. 10, 1865. 
Martin V. Fay. enl. April 8. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William G. Gillmore. enl. March .30. 1864. 
Peter McCabe, enl March 26. 1864. 

Robert G. SIcElhaney. enl. March 30. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James S Morrow, eul. Feb. 10, 1363. Mustered out with the Co. 
Francis .\. Priest, enl March 31. 18«;4. Mustered out with the Co. 
William W. Root, enl Feb. 10. 1803 Mustered out wit the Co. 
Horace C. Treat, enl. Mar h -il. !8';4. .Mustere<l out with the Co. 
Charles .\ White, enl. March 38. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward N White, enl. March ,31, 18<;4 Absent sick since May 9, IS64, 
Henn,- B. Farrar. enr. as Corp. }Iarch 18, 1864. Disch, May 26, 1865. 
Thomas H. Rex, enl. Maroh 26, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Disch. June 

6. 1863. 
George W. Jarvis. eiil. March 31, lStS4. Disch. for disability May 18, 

1863 
William S. Rogere, enl. March 28, 1864. Disch. Feb. 21, 1865. 
John R. Shaw. enl. March 28. 1864. Disch. for disability Dec. 18, 1864. 
Henry R. Peffers, enl. JIarch 33. 18<>4. Disch, June 82, 1864. 



120 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Ephraim W. Moss, enl. March 31, 1864, Disch. May 30, 1865. 

James Johnston, enl. March 3S, 1S64. Disch. July 9, 1865. 

William H. Farrand, enl. March 14. 1864 Promoted to Sergt. Maj. July 

15, 18M, and to 2nd Lieut. Co. I. March 25, 1863. 
Edward C. Stevens, enl. March 30, 1864. Trausf . to Vet. Res. Corps 

Sept. 16, 1864. 
John D. Schoonmaker. (See Xon-commissioned Staff.) 
Gordon H. Potter, enr. as Musician March 16, 1864. Died in Hosp. Sept. 

36, 1864. 
Philip Ruckle, enl. March 20, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Killed before 

Petersburg, Va., June 17, 1864. 
Frank R. Beardsley, enl. March 21, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Died ot 

wounds at City Point, Va., Aug. 12, 1864. 
Arthur J. Parkis, enr. as Corp. ilarch 15, 1864, Died in Hosp. Aug. 1, 

1864. 
George B. Pritchard, enl. March 28, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Died Jan. 

19, 1865, in rebel prison at Salisbury, N. C. 
Samuel Marks, enl, April 12, 1864. Missing since action of June IT, 1864 

and supposed killed. 
Nelson R Stevens, enl. March 38, 1864. Killed before Petersburg, Va., 

.iug. 8, 1864. 

COMPANY G. 

Norman D. Meacham, enr. as 1st Lieut. Feb. 26, 1864. Prom to Capt. 

Nov. 6, 1864. Mustered out July 3, 1865. 
Orlando W . Havnes, enr. as Corp . Feb. 23, 1854 . Promoted to 3d Lieut . 

March 18, 1865. and to 1st Lieut. July 25, 1865. Mustered out with 

the Co. July 28. 1865. 
Ira W Wallace, enr , as Corp. Feb. 17, 1864 . Promoted to 1st Sergeant . 

Mustered out with the Co . 
Henry M. Kirkpatrick. enr. as Corp. Feb. 17, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. 

Clustered out with the Co. 
Lewis .'?. Thompson, enr. as Corp. Feb. 16. 1864. Promoted to Sergt. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Porter M Weylie, enr. as Corp Jan. 39, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co. 
John Ames. enl. March 31, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Solomon H. Lee, enl. Feb. 23, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

w,th the Co. 
William Snrns. enl. March 31, 1864, Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Edgar M. Reublin, enl. Jan. 26, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co . 
John .\lbers, enl. Jan. 88, 1S64. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Davis, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James R Estminger, en!. Jan. 37, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ely Fry, enl. Feb. .3, 1861. 

William H. Judkins. enl. Feb. 4, 1864. Sent to Hosp. Aug. 6, 1864. 
Walter Lewis, enl. March 9, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William H, Lacy, enl. Feb. 29 1864. Accidentally wounded. 
Ferdinand Lord, enl, March 3, 18&4. Mustered out with the Co. 
Lyman H. Luke, enl. Jan. 3, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Wagoner, enl. Feb. 13, 1864. Wounded May 2, 1864. 
Henry Wagner, enl. Feb, 2.3, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Philip Warner, enl. Feb, 39. 1864 

George H. Walberry, enl. Feb. 15. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Sidney E, Wright, enl. Feb. 24. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William .\mes. enl. Jiarch 31, 1864. Disch for disability May 23. 1865. 
Stephen W. Harrington, enl. Feb, 29, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Disch. 

for disability May 34, 1865. 
John H. Curtiss, enl. Feb. 39, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865. 
William C. Curtiss, enl. March 9. 1864. Mustered out June 22, 1865. 
Edward Gray. enl. Feb. 33, 1864. Disch. for disability June 12, 1865. 
Alfred Herold, enl. Feb. 15. 1864. Mustered out June 6, 1865. 
Wilbur F. Hildreth, enl. Feb. 12, 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865. 
Elmer G. Lacy, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Disch. for disability. 
Roswell B. Moore, enl. March 39, 1864. Disch. for disability May 24, 1865 
Thomas D. Miller, enl. Jan. 28, 1864. Disch. for disability March 20 

1865. 
Avery Peabody, enl. Jan. 35, 1864. Disch. for disability Dec. 17, 1864. 
James H. Powers, enl. Feb. 32, 1864. Disch for disability June 6, 1865. 
Grenville Thorp, enl March 39. 1864. Disch. for disability Dec. 8, 1864. 
John Foster, enl. Feb. 33, 1864. Transf, to Vet. Res. Corps March 15 

1865. 
William Pickett, enl. March 31. 1864. Transf to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Lewis R. Willey, enr. as Sergt. Feb. 15, 1864, Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

Died April 3. 1865. from wounds rec'd in action. 
William W. Wilder, enr as Corp. Jan. 18, 1864. Died of wounds March 

13. 1865, at City Point. Va, 
John K McReynolds. enr. as Corp. Jan. 8, 1864. Died of wounds Dec 

!7. 1864. 
Wilbur F. Detchon, enl, Feb. 39. 18M. Died ot wounds Aug, 16, 1864. 
Lyman R, Hamilton enl. Jan. 37, 1864. Died in Hosp. June 5, 1864. 
Ben.i F, Hoffman, enl. Feb. 33, 1864. Died of wounds March 26, 1865, at 

Baltimore, Md. 



William E. Jackson, enl. March 39. 1864. Died at City Point, Va., June 
20,, 1865, 

Benj. F. Purine, enl. Jan. 27, 1864. Killed in action May 25. 1865. 

John Schopp, enl. Jan . 25, 1864. Died in reb el prison at Salisbury, N. C. 
Feb. 27, 1865. 

Hiram Sippy, enl. March 4, 1864. Died in rebel prison at Salisbury, N. 
C, Nov, 3, 1864. 

PhineasJ. Vannes?, enl. .March 15, 1864. Died at Washington, D. C, 
Aug. 34, 1864. 

Henry Cooper, enl. Jan. 32, 1804. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 
with the Co. July 28. 1865. 

Edward G. Disbro, enr. as Corp. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Gassner. enl, Jan, "l"!. 1864. Mustered out June 3, 1865. 

Charles E. Sutton, enl, Jan. 22, 1864. Died Aug. 15, 1864, at Fort Schuy- 
ler. N. Y. 

Walter Yarham. eni. Jan. 32, 1864. Died by reason of wounds. 



Henry R. Stevens, enr. as Capt. .March 33. 1864. (See Field and Staff. ) 
John H. Miller, enr. as Sergt March 28, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt, 

Mustered out with the Co. July 28, 1865, 
Elmer J. Bennett, enl. March 17, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Orrin Jewell, enr. as Corp. Feb. 29, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Thomas Baker, enl. March'22, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Charles J. Green, enr. as Corp. March 14, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co. 
Richard Bond, enl, Feb. 22, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Joseph Roy, enl. Feb. 26, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
William H. Babcock, enl. Feb. 33, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Andrew J Taylor, enl. Feb. 37, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Reg. 
Albert Albertson, enl. March 7, 1854. Promoted to Corp JIustered out 

with the Co. 
Rinaldo Baxter, enl. March II. 1864. Left sick in Hosp. May 13, 1864. 
Albert M. Bishop, enl. March iS. 1864. Was taken prisoner and paroled. 
William Canfleld, enl. Feb. 35, 18G4. Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Doty, enl. March 31, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
John S, Durgin, enl. March 23. 1864. Mustered out with the C . 
James Gregory, enl Feb. 24. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
.\den Grover. enl. March 1.5. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Emory G. Hardy, enl. Feb. iS, 1864 , Mustered out with the Co . 
Levi Leggett. enl. April 4. 1864. Mustered out with th" Co. 
George W. Phelps, enl. March 33, 1864. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Reuben Pooler, enl. March 28, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Reiner, enl March 28, 1864. Wounded and sent to Hosp. May 12, 

1864. 
Charles Rhode, enl. March 26. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patrick Roche, enl. March 4, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles D. Scott, enl. Jiarch 17, 1864 Taken prisoner Aug. 21, 1864, and 

escaped in March, 1865. 
George Sheffer, enl. March 32, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles W. Stanhope, enl. March 31. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Robert F. Thompson, enl. Feb. 33, 1864. Missing since action of Aug. 

21, 1864. 
Amasa G. Taft, enr. as Corp. .March 7, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Daniel Tucker, enl. .April IK. 1864. Sick in Hosp. since .April 39, 1864. 
William L, Truax, enl. March 28, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Waterman, enl. Match 24, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ephraim Wood, enl. March 13. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Franklin Paine. Jr., enr. as 1st Sergt. March 16, 1864. Promoted Dec 

31, 1864, to 1st Lieut. Co. E. 
Daniel L. Whipple, enl. March 11, 1864. Discharged for disability Oct. 

20. 1864. 
Warren D. Belden, enl. March 30, 1864, Disch. June 8, 1865. 



Isaac Elwell, enl. March 18, 1864. Disch. for disability Jan. 4, 1865. 

Homer C. Jewett, enl. Feb. 23. 1864. Disch. for disability Feb. 6, 1865. 

Peter Martin, enl. March 26.1864. Disch June 5, 1865. 

Delos E. Manly, enl. March .31. 1864. Disch. June 5 1865. 

John R. Swartout. enl. March 4, 1864. Disch. May 31, 1865. 

Ezekiel B. Van Nostrand, enl. March 15, 1864. Disch. for disability Sept. 

9, 1864. 
WilliamG. Waterman, enl. March 29, 1864. Disch. June 5, 1865. 
George H. Webster, enl. March 38, 1864. Disch. June 21, 1865. 
Charles D, Giberson, enr. as. Sergt. March 7, 1864. Killed at Salem Mills, 

Va , June 1 , 1864. 
Henry W. Hardy, enr. as Sergt. Feb. 23, 1864. Died at Fredericksburg, 

Va., May 12, 1864, from wounds rec'd at battle of the Wilderness, 

May 6, 
John Bryan, enr. as Corp. March 7, 1864. Killed before Petersburg, Va., 

June 17, 1864. 



SIXTY-FIRST AND SI.XTY-FIFTH INFANTRY, ETC. 



m 



John B. McAlvey. enr. as Corp. March 11, 1864. Died at Washington, 

D. ('.. .June 17, ISM 
William H. Duntoii, enr. H9 Corp. Feb. S-S, l.'M. Died in Hosp. Jan. 1, 

1SG5, 
Nathaniel A. Shipman, enl. March 14, lfe4 Promoted to Corp. Died in 

prison at Salisbury, N. C, Dec. 5, 1864. 
Harrison Bennett, enl. Feb. S3, 1884. Killed at Salem Mills, Va. June 

1. 1864, 
Horatio Storrs, enl. Feb -JJ, ISIU Promoted to Corp Died in prison 

at Salisbury. N. C, .ran. 34, 18ii.i. 
Lawrence T. Pepoon, enl. Feb. 33, 1864. Died at Philadelphia, Pa.. July 

34, 1864. from wounds rec'd before Petersburg July T. 
Frederick Chetlin, enl Mareh -30, 1864. Died in prison at Salisbury, N. 

C, Dec. 29, 18&4. 
Thomas W. Carpenter, enl. March SO. Ik:4 Died in prisrn at Salisbury 

N. C. Nov. 3, 1804. 
John A Clague, enl March 14. 1864. Died at Philadelphia, Pa , Aug. 7, 

18W. 
George R. Cowles. enl March 18, 1864. Died in prison at Salisbury, N. 

C, Decs. 18tH. 
Henry M. Eells, enl. March 33, 1864. Died in prison at Richmond, Va,, 

Oct 8, 1864, 
John W. Green, enl. March 32, 1864. Died in prison at Salisbury, N. C, 

Dec. 13, 18W, 
James H Hardy, enl. Feb. 2:3. 1864. Died at Washington, D C, June 

31, 1864, from wounds rec'd before Petersburg. June IT. 
Charles Langton, Jr.. enl. March 34, 1864. Killed at Spottsylvania, Va.. 

May 9, 1864. 
William Lewis, enl. March 11. 1864. Killed before Petersburg. Va., June 

17, I8t>4. 
George Moore, enl. Feb. 26, 1864, Died at Washington, D, C, Sept. 13, 

1864. 
.\runah Norton, enl March 19, 1S61 Died in prison at Salisbury, N C, 

Nov 3, 18ty. 
Alexander Wicks, enl March 3il. 1864 Disch, for disability June IT, 

1865. 

COUPA.NY I. 

William H f arrand, enl. Co. E, March 34, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. 

Maj. July l.i. 1864; and to 2d Lieut. Co. I, March 25, 1865. Mustered 

out with the Co. July 2,8, 1865. 
George K. Alstadt, enl. May 3, 1864. Promoted to Corp and to Sergt 

June 1, 1865. .Mustered out with the Co. July 3S, 1865. 
Milton D. Allen, enl. May 10. 1864. -Mustered out with the Co. 
Monroe Glick, enl. May T 1864. Mustered out with the Co, 
Peter C. Hine, enl. May T, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel H, Brooks, enl May 3, 1864, Disch. May -ia, 1865. 
William Buckheier. enl. April 18, 1864. Wounded Sept. 30, 1864. 
Frank Hickok, enl. April 16. 18ti4. Mustered out with the Co. July -iS, 

1865, 
Patrick Harrington, enl April 18, 1864, Transt. to Vet. Res. Corps, 

March ii, 18«.-), 



C H A P T E R X X I \' . 

SIXTY FIRST, SIXTY-FIFTH AND SIXTY SEVENTH 
INFANTRY. 

Cuyahoga in the Si.vtyfirst Its First Fight— Second Bull Run-Pro 
tecting Washington— Chancellorsville Gettysburg— To the .\rmy of 
the Cumberland— bight in Wauhatcbie Valley, Etc —Resaca— Hard 
Battle at Peachtree Creek— Guarding Bridges— Down to the Sea — 
Through the Carolinas— Consolidated— Mustered Out— Members from 
Cuyahoga - The Sixty-fifth and its Cuyahoga Men— In Kentucky, 
Mississippi. Etc.— After Bragg— Wading Stone Kiver— .\n Eight 
Hours Battle— Chlckamauga— The -Atlanta Campaign- Mention of 
the Battles— Large Percentage of Losses— In Texas— Mustered Out- 
List of Cuyahoga County Men —Forty-fifth and Sixty-seventh Consoli- 
ilated— Cuyahoga in the Sixty -seventh— In Virginia— Gallant Conduct 
at WinehestiT- Numerous Skirmishes -Port Royal and Port Republic 
—A Gale at Sea— .-V Fourth of July Battle— In South Carolina— A Seven 
Months Siege — Forty Days under Fire— Storming Wagner— Desperate 
Courage -Capture of Wagner— Veteran Furlough— Battle of Chester 
Station— Ware Bottom Church— Under Fire for Month*— Storming the 
Works at Signal Hill— Other Fights— Reviewed by President Lincoln- 
Storming Fort Gregg— .\ppomattox—Sxunmer Duty— Out in December 
—List of Cuyahoga's Representatives. 

SI XT V-FI KST I -N FA XTK V . 

This regiment, which contained momheis from 
iilmost erery county in the State, had thirty-nine from 
Ciiyahotra county in Company D, and three in Com- 



pany G. It joined Fremont's army in June, 1862; 
soon afterwards passing under the command of Pope, 
and having its first fight at Freeman's Ford, on the 
Rappahannock in July, ISi'yi. It al.^o had a shar]> con- 
flict at Sulpliur Springs on tiie 23d and 24th of 
August, and another on the 25tli at Waterloo Bridge. 
At the sec:ind Bull Run battle it was warmly engaged 
for a short time ; having twenty-five killed and 
wounded. It was not broken up, like so many regi- 
ments, in that battle, and aided in covering the 
retreat of Pope's demoralized army. During the 
subsequent operations of that year the regiment was 
part of the reserve held for the protection of Wash - 
ington. 

After lying in winter iiuarters for several months, 
the Sixty-first moved south with Hooker and was 
actively engaged in the disastrous battle of Chan- 
cellorsville, where it had four ofKcers wounded, and 
five men killed and about thirty wounded. Its next 
battle was Gettysburg, v/here it was sent forward on 
the skirmish line and was driven back with iieavy 
loss. It then took a position on Cemetery Hill, 
wiiich it held till the victory was won. 

In September, 186.3, the Sixty-first went witii the 
Twelfth Corps to tlie Army of the Cumberland. On 
the night of the 28th of October it was engaged in a 
brisk fight in the Wauhatchie valley, driving the 
rebels across Lookout creek. On the 23d and 25th 
of November, it was engaged in the battles of Look- 
out -Mountain and Mission Ridge. 

After remaining at Bridgeport through tlie winter 
and enjoying a veteran furlough in March, 1864, the 
Sixty-first set out early in May on the Atlanta cam- 
paign. It v;as twice sharply engaged near Resaca, 
and again at Dallas on the 25th of May, when twenty- 
three of the men wei'e killed and wounded. After 
numerous skirmishes, and a sharp fight near Kenesaw 
Mountain, it crossed Peachtree creek w^ith Hooker's 
corps on tlie 20th of July, and engaged the enemy. 
The latter made a furious effort to drive it back across 
tlie creek, but was repulsed with heavy loss. Xinety- 
five officers and men of the Sixty-first were killed and 
wounded. After this, the regiment was on duty in 
the rear, guarding bridges, etc., until after the cap- 
ture of Atlanta. 

The regiment then niiirilied with Sherman to the 
sea and through the Carolinas. At Goldsboro, North 
Carolina, it was consolidated with the Eighty-second 
Infantry; the name of the latter being retained by 
the combined force. Tiie Eighty-second was mus- 
tered out about the 1st of September, 1865. 

MEMBERS FRO.M ( lYAHOGA COLXTY. 

COMPANY D, 

John D. Bothwell, enr. as Capt. Feb. 10, 1862. Res. Dec. 33, 1863. 
James Armstrong, enr. as 1st Lt. Feb. 10, 1863. Res. Dec. 'ii, 1863. 
George H. Williams, enr. as Sergt. March 38, 18«3. Disch. 
George Morrison, enr. as Sergt. Feb. "35, 1863. Disch. 
Charles W. Foster, enr. as Sergt. March 33, 1862. Disch. 
George M. Pell, enr. as Sergt. March .3. 1863. Disch. March 14, 1863. 
John Savoy, enr. as Corp, March 6, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. July 1, 1862 
Henry Jenkins, enr. as Corp. Feb. 31, 18W. Promoted to Sergt. Nov. 
10,1863. Trar.sf. to83dReg. March 31, 18«5. Must, out July 14, 1865. 



122 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Edward G Ranney, enr. as Corp. March U. 1862. Promoted to Corp. 

Killed at Gettysburg July 2, 1863. 
Richard Evans, enr. as Musician March 3, 1862. Disch April 2T, 1863. 
Charles C. Armstrong, eul. March 31, 1862. Uisch. Oct. 6, 1862. 
George Barrett, enl. April ad, 1862. Disch. March 12, 1863. 
Philip W. Bradford, eul. March 3, 1862. Disch. July 9, 1862. 
Sq;iire Hallas, enl March 7. 1862. 
Jacob Haller. eul. March 3, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 9, 1862. Died 

in Hosp . Xov. 28. 1.863. 
William H. HoUey, enl. March 22, 1862. Died June 12, 1865. 
George Lambacker, enl. March 1, 1S62. Transt. to 82d Reg. March 31. 

1865. Mustered out July 24, 1865. 
George W. Mains, enl. April 2. 1862. Disch. April 29, ISftJ. 
Edward MeCue. enl. March 20. 1862. 

Xeal MoCullough, enl. March 31, 1862. Disch. Oct. 18, 1862. 
Bernard McGouldrick, enl. March 31, 1S62. 
John Mclntyre, enl. March 3, 1862. Disch. Sept. 1, 1863. 
Patrick McGuire. enl. March 12, 1862. Promoted to Corp. March 15, 1862. 
Patrick Murphy, enl. March 14, 1S62. Disch. 
George W. Xugent. enl. March 6. 1862. 

Conrad Reich, enl. March 3. 1862. Died in Hosp. Jan. 18, 18&4. 
William Ritter, enl. April 1, 1862. Died in Hosp. March 21, 1863. 
Comfort Ranney, enl . April 2, 1862. 

Jacob Schnurer. enl. March 7. 1862. Disch. June 15, 1865. 
Edmond C. Sprague. enr. as Musician April 2, 1862. Transt. to S2d Reg. 

March 31. 1865 Mustered out July 24, 1865. 
Alfred G. Thompson, enl. March 14, 1862. Missing since Oct. 28, 1864. 
Lucius Tryon. enl . March 13. 1862. 
Smith Tryon, enl March 13, 1862. 
George Voght. enl. March 22, 1862. 
Albert White, enl. March 7. 1862. 
John White, enl. April 2, 1862. Transf. to 82nd Reg. March 31, 1865 

Mustered out July 24, 1865. 
A. H. Williams, enl. March 24. 1862. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 9. 1862. 

Killed at Gettysburg, July 2, 1863. 
Ransom White, enl. April 1. 1862. Died at Washington. D. C. Sept. 1, 

1862. 
Robert Wright, enl. March 17, 1862. Died near Stafford Court House. 

Va, March 6, 1863. 
Charles Wucherer. enl. March 26, 1862. Wounded at Freeman's Ford, 

Va.. Aug. 22, 1862. Transf. to 82nd Reg. Jlarch 31. 1865. Mustered 

out July 24, 1865 

COMPANY G. 

Thomas Costello, eul. Feb. 10. 1862 Disch. March 21. 1863. 
John Higgins. enl. Feb. 1. 1862. 
Michael Xolau, enl. Feb. 1, 1862. 

SIXTY-SECOXD IXFAXTRY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Augustus C. Barlow, enr. as Surgeon March 10, 1863. Appointed Bre- 
vet Lieut. Col. March 13, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 1865. 

SIXTY-FIFTH IXFAXTRY. 

This regiment, which was mustered into service on 
the 1st day of December, 1801, contained sixty-nine 
Cuyahoga men in Company E. twenty-nine in Com- 
pany I and three in Company C. It served in Ken- 
tucky through the winter, and in April, 1862, was 
present at the battle of Pittsburg Landing but was 
not actively engaged. The regiment was on service 
in northern Mississippi and Alabama and southern 
Tennesse until August, when it marched to Kentucky 
iu pursuit of Bragg. 

At the battle of Stone River, the Sixty-fifth crossed 
the river with its brigade on the night of the 20th of 
December, the men often in the water to the armpits, 
while the enemy was plying them with a heavv fire 
in front. They formed line on the farther bank, but 
SIS the supports did not come up the brigade was 
ordered to retire. The brigade was not actively 
engaged the next day, but on the morning of the 31st 
it was ordered to support McCook's corps, which was | 
being driven back. It was hotly engaged for eight | 
hours, and its efforts were at last crowned with vic- 



tory. It had three officers and tliirty-eight men 
killed, and seven officers and a hundred and six men 
wounded. 

Remaining in the vicinity till June, 1863, the regi- 
ment advanced with Rosecrans and in September 
fought at Chickamauga. It was in reserve nearly all 
the first day, but on the second fought long and 
with varying success; sharing at length, however, in 
the defeat of the whole army. It had three officers 
and thirteen men killed, and five officers and sixty 
men wounded. At Mission Ridge the Sixty-fifth 
liad fifteen men killed and wounded. 

The Atlanta campaign was hardly less than a long 
battle, and the Sixty-fifth was as continuously engaged 
as any regiment whose records we have observed. " At 
Resaca it had twenty-eight killed and wounded; at 
Dallas, six; at Marietta, twelve; at Kenesaw twelve; 
at Peachtree creek, four. 

After the capture of Atlanta the Sixty-fifth moved 
north iu pursuit of Hood, and on the 29th of Novem- 
ber took part in the battle of Springfield, Tennessee; 
having twenty-seven officers and men killed and 
wounded. The next day, in the battle of Franklin, 
it liad twenty-three killed and wounded. 

These numbers do not look large, but really rep- 
resented a large percentage of the regiment; for, after 
the discharge of the non-veterans on the 3rd of Octo- 
ber, it contained only a hundred and thirty men. 
This squad of war-worn soldiers remained at Nashville 
until June, 1865, when it went to Texas. It served 
there until December, and was mustered out at Co- 
lumbus on the 2d of January. ISGG. 

MEMBERS FROM ClYAHOGA COLXTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Horatio N. Whitbeck. enr. as 2d Lieut. Co. E, Oct. 2. 1861 Promoted 
to Capt. Nov. 2, 1.861: to Major Oct 7. 1862. and to Lieut. Col. April 
3, 1863. Wounded at Stone River Dec. 31, 1862, at Chickamauga_ 
Sept. 19, 1863 and at Kenesaw Mt. June 27. 1864. Disch. for disa- 
bility caused b.v wounds Aug. 16, 1865. 

Wilbur F. Hinman. enr as 1st Sergt. Co. E. Oct. 12. 1861. Promoted to 
1st Lieut. Feb. 7. 1862; to Capt Co. F, June 27. 1S64: to Maj. Oct. 10. 
1865, and to Lieut. Col. Nov. 4. 1865. Wounded at Chickamauga, Ga., 
Sept. 19. 1863. Mustered out with Reg. 

William H. Massey, Oct. 16. 1861. Transt. to 65th Inf and made 2d 
Lieut. Junes, 1862. Promoted to 1st Lieut, and Adj't Feb. 7, 1863. 
Died April 7, 186:3. of wounds reed at Stone River Dec 31, 1862. 

Thomas Powell, enr. as 1st Lieut. Co. E, Oct. 9. 1831. Promoted to 
Capt. Dec. 1, 1862; appt. Reg. Chaplain July 14. 1864. Clustered out 
with the Reg 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

James P. Mills, enl. Oct. 24. 1861. Co. E. Promoted to Com Sergt. May 
1, 1863. and to Q M. Sergt. Aug. 1. 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Melville C. Porter, enl. Co. E. Nov. I 1861. Promoted to Sergt. May 1. 
1863, to Pr. Musician Jan. 1, 1864, and to Sergt Maj. April 6. 1865. 
Mustered out with Reg. Nov. :i0. 1865. 

COMPANY c. 

M. W. Dickerson, enl. Mareh 30. 1864. Wounded at Spring Hill, Tenn , 

Nov. 29, 1864. Disch. for disability June 22, 1865. 
Charles C. Files, enl. March 21, 1S64. Died iu Hosp. at Cleveland, O.. 

Jan. 25, 1865. 
George Gilger. enl. March 16, 1864. Disch. at Nashville. Tenn., Nov. 28. 

1864. 

COMPANY E. 

George N. Huekins. enl. as 2nd Lieut. Oct. 16. 1861 Pronioted to 1st 
Lieut. Feb 26. 1862. Died at Nashville April 2. 1862 

Wilbur F. Hauxburst, enl. March 29, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 1. 
1865. 



SIXTY-FIRST AND SIXTY-FIFTH IXFAXTIiY, ETC. 



123 



Diiiiiel H IViiy, enl. Manli i'l, 18154 Promoted to Coi-p. Oct. 1, 1865. 

Musieied out with the L'o. Not 30, 18ii5. 
Wilbur F. Hitiman. (See Fieldand Staff .) 
Ansel AthertMU. eul. October 13, 1X62. Promoted to Corp. Nov. 1, IWH, 

and to Sergt. March 1, 18t)5. Mustered out at end of term Oct. 13, 

18B5. 
Ko.val Edson, enl. Oct 88. 186S. Mustered out June 20. 186.'>. 
Robert S. Hudson, enl . Oct . 30, 1882 Mustered out at end of term Oct . 

29. 1803 
Wallace Walrath, enl Dec. 35, TfiS. Wounded at Reseca, Ga., May 15, 

I8i;i. Disch. for disability soon after 
Hiram A. Vaughn, enl March 23. 18i;i. Transf to Vet. Res. Corps 

March 23. 1863 
.Michael Turney, enl Oct. ». ISfil. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 1, 186.5. Left 

sici in Hosp at New Orleans 
George C Thompson, enl Oct. 13, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Nov. 1, 

1861. Killed at Spring Hill, Tenn., Nov. 29, 1864. 
Edward (i. Fowell. enr. as Corp. Oct. !l, 1861 . Transf to Co. F. 
Thomas Powell (See Field and Staff I 
Thonia« Tompkins, enr. as Sergt , Oct 'J, 1861. 
George Clement, enr. as Corp. Oct. i'. 1861 , 
Winfleld S. Cady. enl. Oct. 0, 1861. 
George Lee. enl. Oct, i), 1861 
William H Money, enl Oct. ii, 1861. 
George W. Need, enl. Oct. 9, 1861 
Edward Stanley, enl. Oct. 9, 1861. 
,Tohn T. Mansell, enl. Oct. 22, 1861. 
Komanzo Sumrt, enl. Oct. 9, 1861. 
Thomas Clayne, enr. as Corp Oct. 18, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Dec. 1, 

1S62. and to 1st. Sergt. Jan. 1, 1805. Wounded at Spring Hill, Tenn., 

Nov. 28, 1.864. Mustered out Nov. 30, 1865. 
Oliver Simmons, enl. Nov 2. 1861. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co Nov. 30, 1865. 
Joseph H. Willsey, enr. as Sergt. Nov. 9, 1861 . Transf. to Co. G. 
Peter Gassner. enl Oct. 4, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Nov. 1, 1864, and to 

Sergt. Aug. 1, 1865. Mustered out at end of term Oct. 4, 1865 
Edwin Crocker, enl. Oct. IS, 1S61. Wounded at Stone River, Tenn., Dec. 

31, 18tl3. Transf. to Vet, Res. Corps. 
Thomas Kclley. enl. Oct. 14, 1861. Taken prisoner at Chickamauga, 

Sept. 20. 1S63. Lost on the Sultana April 27. 1865, 
Charles Hanckerson, enl. Oct. 30, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Captured 

at Chickamauga. Sept. 20, 186:3. Lost on the Sultana April 27, 1865. 
Jacob Keeler, enl . Oct. 19, 1861. Captured at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 

1863. Died at Annapolis, Md., Dec. 22, 1S64. 
Simeon S. Canniff, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 5, 1861. 
John Cooper, enr. as Corp. Oct. 5, 1861. 
William Clark, enr as Corp. Oct 24. 1861 . 
George Hepburn, enr as Corp. Oct. 15, 1861. 
John F. Russ, enr. as Corp. Oct. 22, 1881. 
John N. Baumbah, enl. Oct. 10, 1861. 
Thomas C Ault. enl. Oct. 14.-1861. 
Truman Drake, enl. Oct. 5, 1861. 
Jacob Dibert.enl. Oct. 9, 1861 
Henry S Daggett, eul. Nov. 6. 1861. 
James Fitzgerald, enl. Oct. 11, 1861. 
Wilbur F. Hulet. enl. Oct. 19. 1861. 
William Johnson, enl. Oct. 29, 1861. 
Marston V. B. Knowles, enl. Oct. 8, 1861. 
Russell Lewis, enl. Oct. .5, 1861. 
Julius Leftlngwell, enl, Oct. 22, 1861. 
William Leinakar, enl, Nov. 4, 1861. 
William H. Leinakar, enl. Nov. 4, 1861. 
Lawrence Myer. enl. Oct. 19. 1861. 
JamesP. Miller. iSee Non-commissioned Staff.) 
Charles H. Nickerson, enl Oct. :i0. 1861. 
William Pumphrey, enl. Oct. 18, 1861. 
Stanley (i. Pope, enl. Oct. 11, 1861. 
James O. Pague. enl. Nov. 4, 1861. 
Frederick Shreat, enl. Oct 84. 1861. 
David D. Schaub, enl. Nov. 9. 1861. 
Louis Schneider, enl. Nov. 6, 1861, 
William J Varham.enl. Oct. 3, 1861. 
ThomasC. Aldrich, enl. Oct. 24,1861. 

17. 1.S62. 
George A Whitney, enl. Oct. 24, 1801 

17, 1S62. 
Charles V. Wheeler, enl. Oct. 24, 1,801. 

17. 1862. 

Horatio N Whitbeck <See Field and Staff.) 
Herman Hance, enl. Oct. 31. 1861. Promoted to Corporal Nov. I, 1864. 

W,,un(led at Spring Hill, Tenn., Nov. 28, 1864. Left in Hosp. at Jef- 

fersonville. Ind. 
George Day, enl. Oct. 22, 1861 
Conrad Killimer, enl. Oct. 9, ihci. Transf to Dep. of Engineers July 8, 

1864 
George W. Stevens, enl. Oct. 9, 1861. 
William Williams, enl. Oct. 22, 1861. 



Transf. ;to Band. Disch. May 
Transf to Baud. Disch. Moy 
Transf. to Band Disch. May 



Melville C. Porter. (See Non-commissioned Staff.) 
Daniel Wolfe, enl. Oct. 2:), 1861. 



COMPANY F. 



Edward G. Powell, em-, as Corp. Co. E. Oct 9, 1861. Promoted to Sergt, 
Dec. 1, 1862; to 1st Sergt. Oct. 1, 1863; to 1st Lieut. Co. F Dec. 8, 1864: 
and to Capt. Nov. 24, 1865 Mustered out with Reg. Nov. 30, 1865. 



Joseph H. Willsey, enl. as Sergt. Co. E. Nov. 9, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. 
Maj. Dec. 1, 1861; to 2d Lieut. March 10, 1883; to 1st Lieut. June 27, 
1864; and to Capt. Co. G Oct. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 



Lucien B. Eaton, enr. as 2d Lieut. Oct. .5, 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Nov, 22. 1861 ; and to Capt. Jan. 28. 1863. Resigned May 18, 1865, 
Mark Bundy, enr as Corp Nov. 2, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 1, 1863. 

Mustered out with the Co. Nov. .30, 1865. 
Nicholas Eruch, enl. Oct. 11, 1861. Promoted to Corp. April 1. 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry C. Ryder, enr. as Serg. Oct. 17, 1861 . Wounded at Stone River, 

Tenn., Dec. 31, 1862. Disch. for disability . 
Fred. Adams, enl. Oct. 28. 1861. Transf. to Vet. Pion'r Reg. Aug. 8, 1884. 
L. P. Strickland, enl. Oct. 21, 1861. Transf. to Vet. Pioneer Re.-. Aug. 8, 

1864. 
Christopher Waller, eul. Nov. 1, 1861. Captured at Chickamauga, Ga , 

Sept. 20, 1863. Died in Andersonville prison Oot^l, 1864. 
Philip H. Bader, enr. as 1st Sergt. Oct. 29, 1861. 
Peter Cashen, enr. as Corp. Oct. 14, 1861 . 
William Kelly, enr. as Corp. Oct. 18, 1H61. 
Jacob .\llerton, enl. Oct. 15. 1861. 
Peter Clark, eul. Oct. 14, 1861, 
■William Chant, enl. Oct. 8, 1861 
Samuel Cameron, enl. Nov. 20, 1861 . 
George Daggett, enl. Oct. 13. !86I . 
John Desmond, enl. Oct. 21, 1,861 
William Franklin, enl. Nov. 19, 1861 . 
Franklin Hurt, enl. Nov. 22, 1861. 
.\bel Knapp, enr. as Drummer Oct. 25, 1861. 
Cyrus Myers, enl. Nov. II, 1861 . 
James O'Halligan, enl. Oct. 15, 1861. 
Patrick O'Harra, enl. Oct. 14, 1801. 
Michael O'Neal, enl. Oct. 14, 1861 , 
Charles Renschkoll, enl, Oct, 19, 1861. 
Hiram Stevens, enl, Oct. 21. 1861 , 
Thomas Smith, enl, Nov. 9, 1861. 
Henry Valelly, enl. Nov. 4, 1861. Taken prisoner, and paroled Sept. 47, 

1863. Mustered out at end of term, Nov. 4, 1864, 
Robert Wade, enl. Oct. 25, 1861. 
Jacob Wisson, enl. Oct. 25. 1861. 



SIXTY-SEVEXTH IXFAXTRY. 

Two partiall}- formed regiments, the Forty-fifth 
and Sixty-seveuth, were consolidated in December, 
1861, under the latter name. Company G was 
entirely composed of Cuyahoga county men, number- 
ing a hundred and seven during the war. Beside.s 
this, Company C had sixteen from that county, and 
Company D twenty-four; while there were a few each 
in Companies B. E, H, I and K — a hundred and six- 
ty-five in all. From a manuscript history of Company 
C, furnished by Captain George L. Childs, of Cleve- 
land, and from other sources, we have compiled the 
following sketch of the regiment : 

The Sixty-seventh went to northern Virginia in 
January, 18G2, serving under Generals Lander and 
Shields at Paw-Paw Tunnel, and near Romney and 
Winchester, until spring. On the 22d and 23d of 
March it took jiart in the battle of Winciiester; 
Colonel Kimberly being the immediate commander, 
tiiough General Shields, who was wounded, was some 
distance away. On the second day the regiment 
moved three-fourths of a mile, on the double (|uick, 
across an open field, under a heavy lire, going into 



124 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



action in this, its first serious battle, with the coolness 
of a veteran command, and aiding materially to win 
the victory. Its loss was fifteen killed and thirty two 
wounded. It was subsequently in numerous skir- 
mishes at Strasburg, Woodstock, Edinburg. Mt. 
Jackson, etc. 

After many long marches in northern Virginia, 
taking part in a sharp light at Front Royal, and cov- 
ering the retreat of the Union army from Port Repub- 
lic, the Sixty-seventh went down the Chesapeake in 
the latter part of June to hel]) McClellan. On this trip 
it went through dangers as great as those of any battle 
field. The barge on which a part of the regiment 
was broke loose in a gale from the steamer which 
towed it, and tossed for an hour at the mercy of the 
waves; horses, arms, equipage, and evev some men 
being washed overboard and lost. 

The command then made its way to Harrison's 
Landing, and on the 4th of July the Sixty-seventh 
was attacked just before daylight by a force of the 
enemy but soon repulsed it. After the army of the 
Potomac went north, this regiment remained at Suf- 
folk until January, 1863, when it was sent to Hilton 
Head, South Carolina. In May it proceeded to Cobb's 
Island, near Charleston, and for seven mouths was 
engaged in the seige of that place. For forty consec- 
utive days the regiment was under heavy fire. It led 
in the assault on Fort Wagner on the 18th of July; 
the Sixty-seventh and Sixty-second Ohio forcing their 
way into the fort in the face of a murderous fire, 
planting their colors on the parapet, and holding pos- 
session of a portion of the fortress for near ten hours. 
But all of the thi-ee brigade commanders present were 
killed or wounded, the position was commanded by 
the enemy on the other side of the fort, fifteen hun- 
dred of the assailants were disabled, it was found im- 
possible to advance farther, and at length all were 
compelled to retreat. The regiment had about a 
hundred and seventy men killed and wounded. 

After six weeks more of siege, two-thirds of the 
time under fire, another assault was ordered on the 
7th of September, but when the column advanced the 
enemy was found to have fled. The regiment was 
soon ordered to Hilton Head, remaining tiiere until 
February, 1864, when it went home on veteran fur- 
lough. 

On the 27th of April, 1864, the veterans of the 
Sixty-seventh appeared at Gloucester Point, Virginia. 
On the 4th of May they, with thousands of their 
comrades, on a fleet of transports, were threatening 
Richmond from the York river; but in twenty-four 
hours, by means of a long journey, they appeared on 
the south and seized on one of the strongest positions 
near Richmond. On the 10th of May, at the battle 
of Chester Station, the Sixty-seventh was on the 
turnpike from Richmond to Petersburg. The rebels 
made a general attack. The regiment held its posi- 
tion from first to last, despite of four desperate charges: 
having seventy-six officers and men killed and 
wounded. 



At Ware Bottom Church, on the 20th of May, the 
Sixty-seventh captured by a charge a position which 
had been seized by the enemy; taking prisoner the 
rebel general, W. H. S. Walker, and a number of his 
men. The regiment iiad sixty-nine officers and men 
killed and wounded. 

During the summer the Sixty-seventh was engaged 
in the siege of Richmond and Petersburg, and almost 
constantly under fire. At Deep river, on the 16th of 
August, four companies charged the rebel rifle pits, 
lost over a third of their men at the first volley, but 
captured the line. On the 28th of September the 
regiment with the Tenth army corps aided in carry- 
ing by assault the enemy's strong works, with double 
lines of abatis, at Signal Hill. It was also in severe 
fights on the 7th, 1.3th, 27th and 28th of October. 
with a loss of over a hundred men. 

During the winter it was not quite so steadily in 
action as through the summer, but endured unnum- 
bered iiardships. 

In the spring of 1865 the Sixty-seventh, thougli 
depleted in numbers, was in high spirits and in good 
" trim;" The division to which it belonged (the First 
of the Twenty-fourth army corps) was reviewed by 
General Grant, Secretary Stanton, and finally by 
President Lincoln himself, and drew forth warm en- 
comiums from all those distinguished gentlemen. 
These praises were equally well deserved in the field. 
On the 2d of April the Sixty-seventh, with the rest of 
the Twenty-fourth army corps, assailed the enemy's 
works, capturing one after another, and at noon car- 
ried Fort Gregg by storm, after a furious hand to 
hand combat, in which the regiment had over a hun- 
dred men killed and wounded in half an hour. Fort 
Gregg was the key of Petersburg and Richmond, 
which fell immediately afterward. The regiment was 
also actively engaged in the operations near A])po- 
mattox Court House, which resulted in the surrender 
of Lee and the collapse of the rebellion. . It was on 
garrison duty in Virginia during the succeeding sum- 
mer and autumn, and was mustered out in December, 
1865. 

.MKMHEH8 FROM CUYAHOliA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Rodney J. Hathaway, enr. in Co. G, as 1st Ser^t. Nov. 1. l.SOl. Pro- 
moted to 1st Lieut, and Adjt. March :-4, 1864. Disch. at end of term 
Nov. 15, 186J. 

Grove L. Heaton. enr. as 3nd Lieut. Oct. 10, 186'.!. Promoted to 1st Lieut, 
and R. Q JI. .>Iay 2:). 18(53, and to Capt. and A. Q. M. April 10, 18()4. 
:\Iustered out Dee. 7, 1865. 

.NOS-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Edwards. Allen, enr. as Musician Nov. 11, 1861. Promoted to Drum 
Major. 

William Sorse. enr. Dec. 17, 1801, Co. G. Prom, to Sergt, Wounded at 

Fort Wagner, .July 18, 1863. Prom, to Sergeant Major Jan. 11, 1865. i 

Wounded April a, 1863. [ 

COMPANY B. ; 

Ebenezer Sumner, enl Dec. 16. 1863. Mustered out Dec. 7, 1865. : 

WMIliam Sumner, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Left in Hosp at Philadelphia, May 
1, 1864. 

COMPANY C. 

George L. Childs. enr. as '.^nd Lieut. Oct. 15, 1861. Prom, to 1st Lieut, 
and to Adj. Oct. 9, 1863, and to Capt. May S3, 1864. Wounded at Ft. 
Wagner July 18. 1863, and Oct. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. |! 

Dec. 7. 1865. f 



8IXTY-F1KST A.M> SIXTV-FIF'J'II 1M-'ANT1!Y, ETC. 



1;J5 



J.ilin L . McCorniick. eiil Jan . 2, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. July 17, 1885. 
Jacob Hiller. eiil Oi-I. !l. 18(51. Mustered out with the Co. Dec. 7, 1865. 
Joshua I.ovegrove. enl. Xov. .•). 1883 Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel Miller, enl. Nov 1, 18(51. Promoted to Corporal Feb. 18, 1864. 

Wounded near Petersburg, .\piil S, 18t'5. Disch. for disability Aug. 

ill. ISO.'). 
Charles Ellis, enl. March 'i6. If64. Wounded near Petersburg. April 3, 

18(JJ. Disch. June 16. 1865. 
Kinnldo A. Gray, enl . Dec. -^7, 1861 . Disch. for disability March 31. 1869. 
.\ndiew Krieger. enl Oct. 13.1862. Disch. for disability Jan. 87, 1865. 
Caleb Turner, enl. Oct 38, 1861. Disch. for disability May 8. 1862. 
Charles Whitehead, enr as musician Dec. 53, 18(51. Disch. Oct. 10 18(53. 
George W. Young, enl. Oct. 19, 1861 Transf. to U. S. Navy Aprils, 

1.864. 
Ji'hn Fo.v. enl. Oct. 38, 1861. Killed at Winchester, Va., March 33, leUS 
Peter Galvin, enl. Nov. 91, 1861. Died in Hosp. Oct. 6, 1862. 
Rnbert Teare, enl. Nov. 11, 1861. Killed at Winchester, Va.. March 33, 

1863. 
James Williams, enl. Dec. S6, 1861. Transf. toCo. E. Jan. 7, 1862. 
James Watson, enl. Dec 36, 1S61. Transf. to Co. E Jan. 7. 18ti3. 
Charles Hornsey. enl. Feb. 93,1864. Promoted to lorp. Nov. 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 



George E. Herrinuid. enr ns Sergt. Nov. 30, 1861 . 

Alnion R. Baldwin, enr, as Sergt. Nov. 18, 1861. 

Wellington Smith, enr as Cor]). Dec. 10. 1861. Promoted to Sergt. 
Wounded May 10. 1864. 

John Gnodman. enr. as Corp. Dec. 16, 1861. 

Seth .^brams. enl. Dec. 16. 1861. 

Jacob Bogardus. enl. Dec. 17. 1861. 

Patrick Corkins, enl. Dee !l. 1801. Taken prisoner at Deep Bottom. Va.. 
Aug. 18. 1864 

Jacob Gilbert, enl Dee 34. 1861 

Edward Hawkins, enl. Dec. !l, 1861. Promoted to Corp. June 91, 1863; 
to Sergt Aug. SO. 1864. and to 1st Sergt. March 37, 1865. Transf. to 
Co. B Aug. 3. 1863. Mustered out Dec 7. 1S63. 

John Rornsby enl. Dec 2. 1861. 

John W Heniii. enl. Dec. 10, 1861. 

L. T. Hancock, enl. Dec. 33 1S61. 

.lohn Jay. enl Dec. 18 18iil . 

Tom Maber. enl. Nov. 38. igni 

Joseph Ryan, enl Dec. 34. 18«1 

Oliver StalTord. enl. Dec 30. 1861. 

Joel Van. enl Nov. m. 1861. 

Henry C. Williams, eul. Nov 30, 1861. 

William Wright, enl. Dec. 22. 1861. 

John Hood. enl. Oct. 31. 18(54. Transf. to Co B Aug. 3, 18(55. .Mustered 
out at end of term Oct. 36, 1865. 

Henry Johnson enl March 5. 1864. Wounded Aug. 16, 18<M. and sent lo 
the Hosp. at Hampton. Va. Transf. to Co. B, Aug. 3, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Deo, 7. 18(55, ^ 

Michael O'Biien. enl Oct. 11. 1864. flVansf. to Co. B, Aug 3. lRfi.i. Mus- 
tered out at end o: term Oct 13. 1865 

Thomas Rodgers. enl. Oct. 7. 1864. Transf. to Co. B, Aug. :). 186,5. Mus 
tered out at end of term Oct 9. 1865. 

William Mead. enl. Feb. 38. 1861. Wounded May 9, 18W, Promoted to 
Corp. June 31. 18(55 Mustered out Dec 7, 1865. 

Frank Whitney, enl. Dec. 33, 1863. P^^moted to Corp June 31, l.s6j. 
Mustered out Dec. 7. 1865. 

John Spencer, enl. Dec. 10,1861. Sent to Hosp. at Hampton, Va. Jan. 
32. 1K(55 Transf to Co. B. Aug. S. 1865. Mustered out Dee. 7, 1865. 

COMPiXY E. 

William Fitch, eul. Dec. 96, 1863. Promoted to Corp Jan 11. 1865. .Mus- 
tered out with the Co. Dec. 7. 1865. 
Hezekiah Caufleld, enl Dec. 22, 1863. .Mustejed out with the Co 
Alexander Diik, enl. Dec 21, 18tt3. Mustered out \vith the Co. 
Frederick Canfield. enl Dec. 32. 18(5;J. Disch. June 19. 1865 
Josiah Silcox.enl Jan T, 1864 Disch. Sept. 30. 186.5. 
William Cattonach, enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Disch. May .30, 1865. 

COMPANV o. 

Valentine Heckman. enr as 3d Lieut Nov. 4. 1861. Promoted to Capt 

Dec 18.1861. Died at Strasburg. May 1.3. 1863. 
Alfred P. Girty, enr as 1st Lieut Dec 18, 1861. Promoted to Capt 

May 13 1863. Resigned April 35. 1864. 
George Emerson, enr as 3d Lieut. Oct. 95, 1861 . Promoted to 1st Lieut 

Co. F. May 36, 1883. and to Capt . July 1, 18153. Died May 23, 18&I, from 

wounds rec'd May 20, 
Charles E. Minor, enr as 1st Sergt. Nov. 18. 18C1. Promoted to 3d Lieui 

Nov. 19, 1863: to 1st Lieut. Feb. 18. 1864, and to Capt. March 18, 1865 

Wounded at Fort Wagner. July 18, 1863, and Oct. 13, 1864, Mustered 

out with the Reg. Dec 7, 1865. 
Edward 1. White, enr. as Sergt. Nov. 18, 1861. 
Xenophon Wheeler, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 26, 1861. 

16 A 



I Sylvester W. Matscn, enr. as Sergt. Nov 29, 1861. Promoted to 1st 
Sergt. Killed ne«r Chester Station Va., May 9, 18(M. 

John J. Wiltlinger, enr. as Coip. Nov. 5, 1801 

Isaac H Ba ker. enr as Corp. Nov. 10, 18(51. 

Oscar Nicholas, eur. a.s Corp. Oct. .30, 1861, Promoted to Sergt. Wounded 
at Fort Wagner, July 18, 1863. 

Ford W White, enr. as Corp. Nov. 33, 1661 

William H. Freeman, enr as Corp. Nov. 2, 1801. 

Ira Stoddart, enr. as Corp. Dec. 10. 1861. Promoted to Sergt. May 1. 
1.804. and to 1st Sergt. July 1, 180.^ 

Michael Kulluer. enr. as Corp. Oct. 30. 1861. 

Watson J, Parkinson, enr. as Corp. Nov. 7. 1861. 

Edward S. .\llen. (See Non-commissioned Staff.) 

Lucian R. Thorp, enr. as Musician Dec. 93, 1861. 

Joseph Roiakkers, enl. Dec. 23, 1861. Promoted to Corp. May 1, 1861. and 
to Sergt. Jan. 11. 1805 Trans to Co. C Aug. 3. 1865, Mustered out 
Dec 7, 1305. 

Frederick .\nhalt. enl. Nov 10. 1861. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3. 1865. 
Mustered out Dec. 7. 1865. 

George W. Ackerson. enl. Nov. 1. 1861. 

John Barber, enl. Xov. 16, 1861. 

Frederick Brodt. enl Nov. 28, 1861. 

John Blower, enl. Dec. 93. 1861. 

Andrew Burns, enl Dec 14, 1861. 

Joseph Burk. enl. Oct, .30. 1861. 

Jacob Benzie, enl. Dec. 33. 1861 

George W Brooks, enl. Nov. 3, 1861. 

James Catchpole. enl Dec. 3. 1861. 

Bruno Colbrun, enl. Nov. 98, 1861. Wounded May 10. 1864, Transf. to 
Co C Aug 3. 1865. Mustered out Dec. 7, 1865. 

Joseph Clifford, enl. Dec. 37. 1861. 

Harry Curtiss. enl. Nov. 2, 1861. 

Charles A Dresser, enl. Dec. 27, 1861. 

John E. Durham, enl. Nov. 93, 1861 . 

Latimer N. Dyke. enl. Dec. 23.1861. Promoted to Corp. May 1. 1864. 
Disch from Hosp. Sept. 98. 1865. 

George Evans, enl. Dec. 9, 1861. 

David Elton, enl. Nov. 18. 1,«61 

William Enga. enl. Nov. 11, 1,861. 

Milan Emmons, enl. Nov. 7. 1861. 

John Griffin, enl. Nov. 23. 1861 . Wounded May 10, 1864. 

Mead Fowler, enl. ! ec, 9, 1861. 

Frederick Fultmeth. enl Nov. .5. 1861. Transf. to Co. C Aug. t. 1S(>3. 

Mustered out Dec 7, 1865, 
Philip Foles. enl, Nov. 18. 1861. 
Henry Frantz. enl. Nov. -28. 1861. 
John Gais. enl Dec. 17. 1861. Wounded at Fort Wagner, S. C, July 18. 

1863, and at Chester, Va,. May 9, 1864. 
Alexander Gordon, enl. Dec 18. 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Wounded 

at Fort Wagner July 18, 1863. 
William T. Green, enl. Nov. 39, 1801. 
Charles Gibbard, enl, Dec 5, 1801. 
John Hoaft. enl Dec. 97. 1861. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3, 1865. Mustered 

out Dec. 7, 1865. 
Charles Hancock, enl. Oct. 30, 1861. 
David Holliday. enl. Nov 13. 1861, 
Truman Kidney, enl. Dec. 93, 1801. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3. 1865. Mus 

lered out Dec. 7. 1865. 
William Kimball, enl. Dec. 3. 1861 
William Keille. enl Nov. 13, 1861. 
Paul Kamerer. enl . Dec. 33. 1861 . 
Louis t.'. Lyon, enl. Nov. 3. l.'iOl. 
Edwin S. Libbey. enl. Nov. -35. 1861. 
W. Lucas, enl. Nov. 10, 1861 
John Loch, enl Oct. 30. 1861. 
Ed. J. McDonald, enl Dec. 3. 1861. 
Dallas Moon. enl. Nov. 3. 1861. 
Levi .A. Meacham. enl. Nov 4. 1861. 
George E. Morgan, enl Nov. 7, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Disch. from 

Hosp. July 20. 1865. 
Alex. Muchler, enl. Nov 7, 18(51. 
Peter Mormon, enl. Dec. 12. 1801 
Peter McGue, enl. Dec. 15, 18(51 
Michael Madden, enl. Dec. 13, 1861. 
Constantine Olga. enl Nov. 18. 1861. 

William Ody. enl, Dec. 11. 1861. Wounded M»y 9, ;1864. Promoted to 
Corp siept 14, 1864. Transf . to Co C. Aug. 3, 1865. Mustered out 
Dec. 7, l.Mio. 
Albert Oldham enl. Dec. 18. 18(51. 
Samuel Plai^ter. enl. Xov. 13, 1861. 
George Pike, enl Dec. 28. 1>61 . 
Henry A. 1 hilip. enl Dec 23. 1861. 
Solomon Pntchanl. enl. Nov. 30, 1861. 
Jonathan Ring. enl. Nov. 36, 1861 
Jacob Roath. enl. Nov. 16. 1861. 
Milford Roi-inson. enl. Dec, 18, 18CI. 
August Reisland. enl. Nov. 18, 1851 . 



126 



GEXERAL HISTOEY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Lewis Stattlemeier, enl. Dec. 17, 1861 

William Sorge. (See Non-com. Staff.) 

Mark Shafe, eul. Dec. US, 1861. 

Taylor E. Str<5ud, eul. Nov. 16, 1S61. Promoted to Coi-p. Oct 14, ISW, 
and to Sergt. Aug. 1, 1865. 

John Seulby, enl. Nov. 8. l.sOl. Wounded at Fort Wagner .July 18, 1863. 

David Twitcliell, enl. Nov. U, 1861. 

Lafayette Taylor, enl . Nov. 18. IMiil 

Jacob Traenis. enl. Jan. 8. 1862. 

Sidney J. Varney. enl. Nov. 1.3, 1S61. Wounded at Fort Wagner Julv IS, 
1863. 

Augustine Winter, enl. Nov. 5, 1861. \\'ounded at Fort Wagner Julv 18. 
1863. 

Henry Wirsch, enl. Dec. 5, 1661. 

Christian Wagoner, enl. Deo. 13, 1861. Killed at Fort Wagner July 18, 
1863. 

James Wait. enl. Nov. 18, 1861. 

George Winfield. enl. Nov. 23, 18UI. 

Orlando Emerson, enl, Dec. 31. 1863. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1865. 
Transt. to Co. C Aug. .3. 1865. Mustered out Dec. 7, 1865. 

Charles Nicholas, enl. Dec. 31. 1863. Promoted to Corp. July 1, 1865. 

Herman Uhler, enl. March 11, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 1, 1865- 
Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 7, 1865. 

John Demaline, enl. March 10, 1864. Transf to Co. C. Aug. 3, 1865. 
Mustered out Dec. 7, 1865. 

Charles Fuller, enl. March 25, 1864. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3, 1865 Mus- 
tered out with the Co. Dec. 7, 1865 

George Heward. enl. JIarch 15, 1864. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3, 1865, Mus- 
tered out with the Co 

Amos Hodgman. enl. Feb. iO. 1N64. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3, 1865. Mus. 
tered out with the Co. 

Michael Joice, enl. March 23, 1864. Left sick at Camp Dennison Sept. 
27, 1864 

Jacob Hallett. enl. March 9, 1864. Transf. to Co C Aug. 3, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

John Miller, enl. March 33, 1864. Transf. to Co. C Aug. .3, 1865. Mus 
tered out with the Co. 
Samuel Richman, enl. Feb. -14. 1864. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

oseph Studer. enl. Feb. 39. 1864, Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3. 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Edward Sumner, eul. Jan. 4, 18';4. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Allen Wheeler, enl, Jan. 2, 1864. Transf. to Co. C Aug. 3, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Rodney J. Hathaway. (See Field and Staff.) 

Samuel Burd. eul. Nov. 14. 1.861 

COUPANV H. 

John B. Spafford. enr. as and Lieut. Oct. 3, 1861. Promoted to Capt. 

Dec 18,1861. Resigned Feb. 3. 1863, 
Sidney G. Brock, enl, Nov. 18. 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut. Dec. 18. 1861, 

to Capt. Oct. 3. 1S63. Mustered out Jan. 25, 1865. 
John Evarts, enl. Dec. 18, 1861. Disch. 
Charles Lewis, enl. Dec. 24. 1861 Disch. Sept. 11. 1862. 

COMPANY I. 

John R. Straus, enl. Sept. 33. 1864 Died at Chapins Farm. Va , Dec 3 
18154 , 

COMPANV K. 

John Baker, enl Feb. 8. 1864. Transf. to Co. E, Aug. 3, 1865. Mustered 

out Dec. 7. 1.865. 
William H. Kelley, enl. Nov. 16. 1864. Transf. to Co. E, Aug. 3, 1865. 

Disch. at end of term Nov. 17, 1865. 
Joseph Horn, enl. Nov. 17, 1864. Trans, to Co. E, Aug. 3, 1865. Disch. 

at end of term Nov. 17, 1865. 
James B. Garner, enl. Oct. 17, 1864. Disch. at end of term Oct 18 

1865. 
John R. Brokan, enl. Oct. 18. 1864. Disch. Sept. 2, 1865. 
Almeron Pangborn, enl. Oct. 18. 1864. Died in Hosp. at Fortress Monroe, 

Va., .\ug. 24. 1865. 

SEVENTY-SEVENTH IXFAXTKV. 

COMPANY K. 

John J. Calvert, eul. Nov 20, 1861, 
Charles W. Delany. enl Nov. 35, 1861 



CHAPTER XXV. 

EIGHTY-FOUBTH, EIGHTH-SIXTH AKD EIGHTY- 
SEVENTH INFANTHY, ETC. 

The Eighty-fourth goes forThree Months— Two Strong Companies from 
Cuyahoga— Services in Virginia— Cuyahoga County Men— Two Regi- 
ments of Eighty si.-vth Infantry— Services of the Three Months' Men 
at Clarksburg, West Virginia- Cuyahoga Soldiers— The Six Months' 
Regiment in West Virginia— Capture of John Jlorgan— Capture of 
Cumberland Gap— Mustered Out— List of Soldiers from this County- 
Eighty -seventh Infantry— Its Surrender— Men frciu this County— 
Eighty-eighth Infantry— Its Duty at Camp Chase— Cuyahoga Men. 

EIGHTY- FOURTH INFANTRY. 

This was a three mouths" reoiuient, raised in May 
and June, 1862, to meet a pressing emergency. Com- 
panies D and E, a hundred and ninety-seven men in 
all, were from Cuyahoga county. On the 11th of 
June it proceeded to Cumberland, .Maryland, where it 
remained until September, guarding the lines, cheek- 
ing guerrillas, etc. It garrisoned the fort and village 
of Xew Creek a short time, preventing a threatened 
attack by General Imboden, and then, after about 
four months" service, returned home and was mustered 
out. 

MEMBERS FROM CCYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF 

John J. ^^ iseman, enl. as Lieut. Col. June 7, 1862. Detailed on special 
service at Washington. D. C. Sept. 13. 1862. Mustered out after the 
Reg. 

Frank H. Hiuman. enl. as 3nd Lieut. Co, D May 36, 1863, App, .\djt, 
.\ug 18. 1863. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Daniel R. Taylor. Q, M, Sergt, , 

Royal A, Muusell, Com, Sergt, 

COMPANY D, 

JohnN, Frazee, Captain, 

F.li Ely. 1st Lieut. 

Frank H . Hiuman. (See Field and Staff ) 

Thomas Goodwillie (1st Sergt. \ David S. Whitehead (Sergt.), William 
Morgan (Sergt.), Reuben A. Field (Sergt. i, George W. Armstrong 
(Sergt.). Jacob J. Lohrer (Corp. i. Austin H. Waters iCorp.), William E 
Murray (Corp.), Isaac W. Severance (Corp.). Pierson D. Briggs (Corp ). 
Albert G. Carpenter (Corp. i. Edward S. Warner (Corp.), (Iscar W. Han- 
cock (Corp.), William A. Diefenbach, James Covert, Frank Baker, 
Olcott Barrett, James Bemis, Charles A Bolton, Quincy Bradley. Ed- 
win E. Beeman. Charles E. Brown. John F. Brunner. John Banton, 
Angus R. Braden, John Crowell, Jr., William H. Chamberlain. Robert 
L Chamberlain. Benj. F. Chapman. William H. Chaffee, Michael Car- 
roll, \N alter Coates, John Dugan. Edward Dangerfield, John R. Evans. 
Hamilton Fordyce, .\ddison J. Farrand. William H. Farrand. James 
Gettings, Henry Glenville. Thomas Guy, Charles H. Gill. Lewis Gross. 
Robert Gould Asa A. Goodwin. Charles A. Goodno. Henry Hollev. 
George S. Holden. Henry H. Hawthorne, Edwin T. Hamilton. Frederick 
T. Hard, James A. Hartness. Edward Hudson, Halsey J Hawthorne, 
Paul B. Harris, Seymour G, Hunt, Earl Herrick. Peter Kuntz, Frederick 
Kinsman. .Jr.. David C, Ketchum. Thomas Lemmon. David L, Lowrie, 
John A, Loomis. Henry E, Lowrj% .\ustin B, Leonard, Theodore J, 
Leitz. Chauncy B, Lane. Josiah .Morris. William E. McBride. Robert E. 
Murray, Charles W. McReynolds, John T, Mead, John W, O'Neil. Lloyd 
G, Parker. William H. Pepperday, John T, Pinkney. George S, Paine, 
Charles Pinkney. Charles Quiggin. George S. Quayle. F. L. Reese. Omar 
S. Richardson. John H. Rose. Frederick Stokes, Joseph Speddy, Theo- 
dore Sterritt. Edward C. Smith. Samuel Starkweather, Jr.. Lewis Stein. 
Edward Sewer. Edward C Tinker. George R Tice, Daniel E. Taylor 
(See Non-Com. Staffi, James .\. Willson, Geoi-ge Watkins, John B, 
Wade, A B. Woodruff. Charles White, Thomas Whitehead, Joseph 
Zuber, Wyllis S Stetson. 



EIGHTV-FOrHTH AND EIGHTY -SI. XT II IXFAXTUY, ETC. 



127 



COUPANy. E. 



. I limes Pickarid^. Captain, 

Viih'il C. Taylor, 1st Lieut. 

Henry T. Nash, -M Lieut. 

Samuel L. Allen (1st Sergt.), .James McGinness iSergt.), Judson M. 
Bishop (Sergt.), Eben S. Coe (Sergt.), Frank J. Ford (Sergt.), Theron C. 
Baldwin (Corp.), Theodore A. Andrews (Corp.), Lyman I). Hunt (Corp.). 
Frank S. Chamberlain (Corp i. Elijah H. Norton ((.'orp.), Ben,j. H. 
Smith (Corp.), George Wilkinson (Corp ). S. H. Waring (Corp.). Charles 
D. Camp, .lames J. Adams. Daniel J. Altheu, Hannilml A Beeson, 
William .11. Barnes. William O. Barnes, Charles E. Bnigham, Eugene 
W Benhani, .John K. Batchelder. William Calahan. Thomas Chevring- 
ton, William W. Castle, Charles D. Collins, David K. Clint, Thomas J. 
Crooks, .Alexander H. Cobb. Myron E. Cozzem, Orlando .M. Caimei', 
Charles W. Cook, Charles W. Diehl, Peter Deatry, Charles Evans, 
Ellei'y C. Ford, Nathan C. Fleming, Theodoi-e Foljambe, George Gar- 
rettson, LewisB. Gentz, Patrick W. Grineley, George M. Heard. Michael 
Hogan, Daniel Henricle, William E. Herrick. Samuel H Harrison, 
Henrj- A. Harvey, William Holmes, Henry J. Hoyt, Justin Juch, Wil- 
liam A. Knowlton, Edwin J. Kyser, Henry C. King, William \V. Kim- 
ball, Jacob Krch, Edwin N. Locke, Walter J. Lowman, Albert Means. 
Charles D Morse, William D. Mather, Royal .i.. Munsell (see Non-com- 
missioned Staff I, Theodore Odell. Lewis D. Oviatt, George W. Potter, 
Henry Phillips, Edward S. Page, Timothy H. Kearden Daniel Roberts, 
Lemuel O. Rawson, James C. Ryan, Horace W. Strickland, Frank W. 
Smith, Lyman I Smith, George Spangler, Basil S. S|iangler, Henry 
Sa.\ton, Gustavus K. Tupper. Hervey B. Tibbetts, Charles M. Voroe, 
Cary A. Vaughn, Delos O. Wickham, William H. W^yman, Charles E 
Wilber, Walter F. Wells, Theodore M. Warner, Alfred T. Webber, 
Oscar Wade, Henry A. Woodward, Henry A, Welch, Edward E. Young. 

EI(;nTY-Sl.\TH INFANTRY. 

Two organizations bore this name; one raised for 
three mouths in Ma\- and June, 1863, and one for six 
months in June and July, 1863. Cuyahoga was 
siiglitly represented in both, as appears by the annexed 
record. The first regiment went to Clarksburg, 
West Virginia, in June, 1862, and remained there 
most of the time during the summer, guarding the 
raih'oad, and defending that place and Orafton from 
the threatened attacks of guerrillas. It was mustered 
out on the 25th of September. 

The si.\ months organization was completed just as 
tlie celebrated guerrilla, John Morgan, was making 
his great raid through southern Oliio. The regiment 
was immediately dispatched to Zanesville to help 
capture him. One battalion skirmished with a part 
of Morgan's force as it crossed the Ohio, while the 
other, in connection with Colonel Shackleford's coni- 
iikiikI. assisted in the capture of the redoubtable 
[lartisan himself. 

The Eighty-sixth soon went to Kentucky, where it 
joined an expedition under Colonel E)eC'ourcy against 
Cunil)erland Ga]); reaching a position in front of that 
stronghold on the 8th of September. At the same 
time General Burnside, in accordance with the pre- 
viously concocted plan, came up from East Tennessee 
on the South. The Eighty-sixth and other regiments 
were sent forward in line of battle, and every arrange- 
ment was made for an attack from both sii'es, but, on 
a demand being made, the rebel general consented to 
surrender. The regiment remained at the Gap until 
its term expired, when it returned to Cleveland, lieing 
mustered out on the 10th of February, 1864. 

CrVAllii(i.\ MKN IN IHK THRKI-:-MO\TH.'< HKiUMKNT. 

COMPANY O. 

Almon 0. Bruce. Edwin Ewing. 



COMPANY K. 

William N. Hubl)Bll (Corp.), Solomon H. Gleason, John A, Field, Lo- 
renzo Strong, John E. Coleman, Edward M. Kellogg. Conrad Schade, 
Ira D. Williams, John White 

CfYAlKKJA MEN IN THE SIX-.MOXTHS REGIMENT. 

COMPANY C. 

Samuel H Boyelten, David Green. 



COMPANY F. 



Henry W. Monell, 



COMPANY O. 

Charles E. Crowe, Larmou Cohvell, James Miller 



Michael D. DeWyani. Jeremi.vh S. Dunscomb. Charles Goodsell, Estel 
Jackson, lieorge Linsey. John Whi^e Roger Willia:ns, H. B. Steele 
'transf to l-,".tth Inf ) 

EKillTY-SEVENTlI INFANTRY. 

This was another three months reguneiit, and was 
more unfortunate than either of the foregoing. It 
went from Ohio to Baltimore in June, 1862, remained 
there till the latter part of July, and then rejiorted to 
Colonel Miles, at Harper's Ferry. In the forepart 
of September that otiicer surrendered his wjiole force 
to Stonewall Jackson. As the term of the Eighty- 
seventh had expired, its men were released from then- 
paroles and the regiment was sent home; being mus- 
tered out on tlie 2iith of September, 1862. 

.MEMBERS FROM CIYAIIOGA GOIXTY. 

COMPANY O. 

Christopher Keary, ad Lieut 

William Crawford, Peter Keary, Richard Barringer, William M. Cur 
ran, Thomas Deiter, Thomas Fitch. Edward D Frame, Charles Frame, 
Robert Garvey, John A. Godfrey, Henry J. Howlett, John Miller, John 
W. Mayhew, Patrick McLaughlin, Joseph Moley, .tiidrew McCartney, 
Frederick M. Preston. Christopher Rath, Toney Siegel. David Shaugh- 
nesy, Andrew Winner, John W. Warr, Thomas Kenaly. 

EIliHTY-EIGHTH IXFANTRY. 

This was a three-years regiment ; the first four 
companies being raised as the "Governor's Guards" 
in July, 1862, and the others a year later. It was 
kept almost all the time of its service guarding rebel 
prisoners at Camp Chase, and though always ready 
was never engtiged with the enemy, Ir was mustered 
out in July, 186.5, 

.MEMBERS FRO.M (fVAHoGA COfXTY. 

COMPANY C. 

Wolcott F. Ciane, enl. July 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. July 3. 

IWio. 
Andrew McGregor, enl. June 30, 18B3. Mustered out with the Co. 
Willis P. Storrs, enl July 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPANY H. 

John H. Irwin, enl. July (i, 18«3 Promoted to Sergt Mustered out 

with the Co. July 3, ISfl."). 
Charles A Jaycox. enl June iS. ISItl Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Johnson, eul July 18. 1S«3. Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Welton. enl July 15, lS>a. Jlustei-ed out with the Co. July 3, 

1S(m 

N IN ET V-THIKI) 1 N l'\ NTRY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Martin L. Brooks, enr. as Asst. Surg. Aprd .3, ISia, Mustered out with 
the Reg June S, 18(m. 



128 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XXVI. 

ONE HtJNDRED AND THIHD INFANTRY, ETC.* 

The Rally in lS62_Ten Companies Reaily for the Field— Six of them 
from CuyahoKa— First Officers of the One Hundred and Third— Off 
for Kentucky— After Buell— Sickness— The Stay at Frankfort— South- 
ward in the Spring— On the Cumberland— With Burnside to East Ten- 
nesee— Terrible Roads— Great Hardships— Delight of the Loyal Ten- 
nesseeans— Special Enthusiasm at Greenville— Up the Tennessee Val- 
ley—Skirmishes at Blue Springs- Marches and Countermarches— Con ■ 
centrating at Knoxville— Longstreet beseiges the City— Attack on the 
Pickets— A Desperate Fight— Gallantry of the One Hundred and Third 
—The Rebels repulsed— Increasing Hardships— Sleeveless Blouses and 
Legless Pantaloons— A Dollar for a " Hard Tack "—Approach of Suc- 
cor—Retreat of the Enemy— Pursuit— The Acme of Wretchedness- 
Back to Knoxville- Food and Clothes— Jlore Marching— The Atlanta 
Campaign- Resaca— Charging Breastworks— Lying down under Fire 
—"Charge Bayonet"— Carrying Two Lines of Works— The Next Day's 
Battle— Retreat of the Enemy — Ptmipkin-vine Creek — " Forward "-- 
A Wretched Sight— The Rebels retreat— Heavy Skirmishing— A Dash- 
ing Exploit — Before Atlanta— Evacuation of Atlanta — Rest at Decatur 
— Heavj- Losses— Made Headquarters Guard— After Hood— Defending 
the Train at Spring Fill— Defeating the Enemy— A Flag from Cleve- 
land Ladies— A Long .Tourney— Arrival in Xorth Carolina— Capture of 
Wilmington, etc— Off for Home— A Sad Accident— Ovation at Cleve- 
land-Mustered Out — Members from Cuyahoga County--Men of the 
One Hundred and Fourth 

After the flisii.«ters of the Peninsular campaigrn in 
Jnne. 1862, and the consequent call of the President 
for three hundred thonsand more men, it is well 
known that, notwith.«tandino- the many severe drains 
which the North had had to hear, its sons asain ral- 
lied with nndannted fortitnde in defense of their 
country. Cnyahoga, Lorain and Medina connties had 
done their fnll share in sending- out the one hundred 
and twenty thonsand men which already represented 
Ohio in the field, but when recruiting otfices were 
opened in them for a new regiment, the farmers, me- 
chanics, clerks and professional men of these counties 
promptly responded,. and by the middle of July ten 
companies with full ranks were in the camp of ren- 
dezvous at Cleveland. 

Of these, six companies. A, B. C. D. E and G, 
were principally from Cuyahoga county. During the 
war Cuyahoga county was represented in Company 
A by eighty-one members; in Company B by eighty- 
two members; in Company C by seventy-two; in Com- 
pany D by ninety-three; in Company Eby eighty-nine; 
and in Company G by eighty-four. These, with five 
in Company H and fourteen in Company I, made a 
total of five hundred and twenty men from Cuyahoga 
county in the regiment during its term of service. 
Nine-tenths of these were recruited during the months 
of July and August, 18fi2. 

In the latter part of August the ten companies 
were organized into a regiment under the name of the 
One Hundred and Third Ohio Infantry, with John S. 
Casement, of Psiinesville, as colonel ; James T. Ster- 
ling, of Cleveland, as lieutenant-colonel, and Dewitt 
C. Howard, as major. On the 3rd of September the 
new regiment set out for Cincinnati, and after a brief 
stay at Covington, on the o]iposite side of the river, 
made its first march, on the 0th of September, to 
Fort Mitchell, three miles from the latter city. On 
the eighth of September the regiment was duly mus- 

*Principally from Col. P. C. Hayes" "Journal-History" of the Regi- 
ment. 



tered into the United States service; there being then 
nine hundred and seventy-two olficers and men in its ' 
ranks. 

On the ISth of September the One Hundred and 
Third, having been united with Buell's army, started 
in pursuit of the retreating forces of Bragg. The 
next day it was placed in the advance and took its first 
lesson in skirmishing. At Snow's Pond, where the 
regiment camped during the latter part of September 
and the forepart of October, the men sufl'eied much 
from sickness, caused by the stagnant water they 
were obliged to use, nearly half the regiment being 
sick at once, though fortunately few cases were fatal. 

On the 6th the One Hundred and Third moved for- 
ward as a part of the brigade of General Quincy A. 
Gilmore, but was soon separated from it and ordered 
to Frankfort, the capital of Kentucky. It remained 
there five months (except during a trip of a few days 
to Louisville), a period which is described as very 
comfortably spent, and as being fruitful of the most 
pleasant relations with the citizens of that ancient 
Kentucky city. 

On the 5th of April, 1863, the One Hundred and 
Third moved southward, becoming part of the force 
of Gen. S. P. Carter, operating against the rebel Gen- 
eral Pegram. After considerable skirmishing at vari- 
ous points, the rebels attempted to make a stand at 
]\ronticello, beyond the Cumberland river but were 
easily defeated by the Union cavalry, before the in- 
fantry could come up. The command, however, was 
ordered back to the Cumberland river, which was 
made the southern line of defense by the Union 
forces. After a few weeks spent on the north bank 
of the river, and some very severe marching in the 
forepart of July, nearly all the rebels having been 
driven out of Kentucky, a large body of Union troops 
was concentrated at Danville and organized into the 
Twenty-third army corps, under Major General 
Hartsuif, for the purpose of marching to the relief of 
the Unionists of East Tennessee. On the 17th of 
August General Burnside took the chief command, 
and on the next day the army, numbering about 
twenty thousand men, set out on its way. 

The march over the mountains was one of extraor- 
dinary severity. Southern roads, as all soldiers of 
the late war well know, are of the most detestable 
description, and Southern mountain roads are per- 
fectly abominable — resembling cow-paths in which 
there have been no cows for twenty years. The men 
were obliged not only to carry their knapsacks, guns, 
cartridge-boxes, canteens and haversacks along these 
wretched trails, but to build bridges, lay corduroy 
roads, and help along the artillery and wagons, day 
after day and night after night, and all on half ra- 
tions, or even less. 

Still, however, they struggled on, with extraordi- 
nary patience under the circumstances, passing Crab 
Orchard, Burnside's Point, Emery's Iron Works, etc., 
to Concord in East Tennessee. The enemy fled be- 
fore them, and after reaching Tennessee the labors of 



ONE HUNDRED AND THIRD INFANTRY, ETC. 



139 



the troops were less severe. The loyal Tennesseeans 
were wild with delight at the appearance of the old 
flag and its defenders. Every little village was pro- 
fusely decorated with the long-concealed National 
flags, while the people — men, women and children — 
tlironged in crowds along the line of march to wel- 
come and to l)less the soldiers of the Union. After 
taking jiossession of Knoxville, the principal place in 
East Tennessee, on the 1st of September, the Virginia 
and Tennessee railroad was utilized by the troops; the 
One Hundred and Third and other regiments going 
by rail up the valley a siiort distance northeast of 
(ireenville. 

At the latter place the enthusiasm reached its cli- 
max. All the people for miles around flocked to the 
depot, and nearly every one brought a basket of re- 
freshments — pies, cakes, meats, etc., — for the benefit 
(if the men who had come to protect them from rebel 
rule. Not only were the soldiers in a body greeted 
with tlie wildest cheers as they arrived, but hundreds 
of individuals were seized, shaken by the hand, 
blessed and wept over by the excited inhabitants. 
And this was only a more striking example of what 
was felt and expi'essed throughout East Tennessee by 
the persecuted, plundered Unionists of that devoted 
region. 

After sevei'al marches and countermarches in the 
vicinity of Greenville, the command moved up the 
valley, in the latter part of September, to Johnson's 
station and the Watauga river. After some skirmish- 
ing the enemy retired, and the command moved back 
to Greenville, and thence to Bull's Gap. On the 9th 
of October an advance was made to Blue Springs, 
where the rebels were met and companies A and D of 
the One Hundred and Third were sent forward as 
skirmishers. They came upon a large foi'ce of the 
enemy which charged and drove them back; killing, 
wounding and capturing a considerable number. 
Other companies of the regiment were sent to the relief 
of those mentioned, but Gen. Bnruside was not yet 
ready for a general engagement, and the whole com- 
mand was soon ordered back to Bull's (iap. 

Ere long, however, he was ready, and on the 
eleventh of October he ordered a general advance. A 
smart engagement took place at Blue Springs, and 
the One Hundred and Third lay on their arms all 
night ex]iecting a battle. The enemy, however, fled 
under cover of the darkness. Numerous other marches, 
forward, backward and sideways, were nnide in the 
dismal autumn weather, but they were not of sufficient 
importance to be recorded here. Early in November 
all the Union forces in East Tennessee were concen- 
trated at Knoxville, to repel a threatened attack by 
Gen. Longstreet. The One Hundred and Third 
reached that city on the fourth. About the fifteenth 
Longstreet appeared and sat down before the place 
with the evident intention of capturing it; at the same 
time, by means of his numerous cavalry, cutting off 
all communication between the Union forces and 
their comrades in other localities. 



He pushed his advance close to the Union picket 
line, and a constant firing between the two sides was 
the natural result. Numerous fortifications were 
built by the rebels to facilitate the siege, and the 
Unionists responded with eqnal zeal, until every hill 
around Knoxville was seamed with breastworks and 
bristled with cannon. 

On the morning of the 25th of November Gen- 
eral Longstreet sent forward a division of his best 
troops to attempt a surprise of the pickets while being 
relieved, to be followed by an assault upon the breast- 
works. A hostile movement of some kind was ex- 
pected, and six companies of the One Hundred and 
Third were ordered out to relieve the two which had 
previously been considered sufficient. There was 
some accidental delay, and the relief did not reach 
the post until about one o'clock in the afternoon. 
Just as the six companies were being stationed, the 
enemy charged with a yell and a volley. 

As this was the first time the regiment had been in 
a serious fight, it was very natural there should be 
some wavering. The men quickly recovered, how- 
ever, and volley after volley, closely aimed, soon tes- 
tified to the coolness and courage of the sons of 
northern Ohio. Heavy firing ensued on both sides 
for about an hour and a half. The One Hundred and 
Third was assisted by the pickets of the Twenty- 
fourth Kentucky and the Sixty-fifth Hlinois, and at 
length, by the whole strength of those regiments. 
The struggle grew hotter, but finally the rebels were 
seen to waver, when the Union commanders gave the 
spirit-stirring order "charge bayonets," and with a 
thundering cheer the whole line went forward at full 
speed. Before they could be reached, the sons of 
chivalry broke and fled to their works on a neighbor- 
ing hill, leaving their dead and wounded on the field. 
Our men then resumed their old position. 

This was known as the battle of Armstrong Hill, 
and was the first severe conflict of the One Hundred 
and Third Ohio. The companies engaged had about 
thirty-five men killed and wounded. 

The siege continued, and its hardships speedily 
increased. Overcoats and superfluous clothing had 
all been thrown away during the toilsome marches of 
summer, the blouses and pantaloons with which the 
men had started from Kentuckv had been worn out, 
the broken communications had prevented the issue 
of new articles, and in many cases, while the cold had 
rapidly become more severe, the men were reduced to 
shirts and drawers, with the addition of blouses with- 
out sleeves, and with pantaloons with no legs below 
the knees. 

Rations, too. which had been of only iialf the regu- 
lar amount since the command entered Tennessee, 
were now reduced to a quarter size, or even less, and 
the men were on the verge of starvation. They reme- 
died this to some extent, however, by excursions after 
corn up the French Broad river, a section which Long- 
street had been unable to invest. Even this resource 
was exhausted in time, and hunger became the daily 



130 



GENERAL HISTOEY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



companiou of all the infantry of the command. Those 
who had money could occasionally purchase food, fre- 
quently giving from half a dollar to a dollar for a sin- 
gle army-cracker, commonly known as a "hard tack." 
and from a quarter to half a dollar for an ear of corn. 
Those who had no money did the best they could on 
their quarter rations. 

Fortunately the time of the worst suffering was not 
of long duration. The victory of Mission Eidge 
warned Longstreet that he could only gain Knoxville 
by a desperate venture, and the defeat of his attack 
on Fort Saunders showed him that the venture had 
failed. On the ith of December six regiments of 
Union cavalry evaded the enemy and rode into Knox- 
ville, bringing news that the victors of Grant's army 
were on their way to the relief of the beleaguered city. 
Longstreet, too. heard the news, abandoned the hope- 
less task and retreated up the valley of the Tennessee 
toward Virginia. Deep was the joy and wild were the 
cheers when the defenders of Knoxville learned that 
the enemy had fled, and that they were once more 
free. 

The command was soon ordered to pursue the 
enemy, and did so, though in very wretched circum- 
stances as to clothes and rations. The men had been 
paid off, but supplies could not yet be furnished. 
Terrible indeed were the marches to and fro in the 
valley of the Tennessee, and the cold and rainy New 
Year's day of 1864 was' long remembered by the half- 
clad, half-fed, tentless soldiers as the very acme of 
wretchedness. At length, on the 17th of January, 
Longstreet started to retreat out of the State from 
Dandridge, and the Unionists, deceived by his ma- 
neuvers, also beat a hasty and most dismal retreat to 
Knoxville. Here they were furnished with ample 
supplies, for the first time in over six months, and 
were allowed a month to rest. 

During March and April there was more marching 
up and down the Tennessee valley, with few or no 
results, but in the latter part of the last named month 
the Twenty-third corps was concentrated at Charles- 
ton under General Schofield: the One Hundred and 
Third being in the second brigade of the third divis- 
ion of that corps. On the 3d of May the whole army 
set forth on Sherman's grand campaign against At- 
lanta. 

On the 13th of May, the Twenty-third corps came 
in front of Easaca, which Gen. Johnson had strongly 
fortified to resist the advance of Sherman. The next 
day, after various maneuvers, the Twenty-third corjis 
was brought, about noon, in front of the rebel works. 
An open field, nearly a mile across, lay spread before 
the ej'es of the L'nion soldiers, through which ran a 
small creek. On the high bank on the farther side of 
this stream lay the reliel infantry, ensconced behind 
three lines of formidable breastworks, while a large 
number of cannon were massed on a small elevation, 
well situated for giving full sweep to their grape and 
canister. 

Soon after taking their position the Second and 



Third divisions of the Twenty-thii'd corps (the One 
Hundred and Third being included in the latter) were 
ordered to charge the works. Away they went across 
the open field, the enemy's cannon and rifles tearing 
tlie ranks at every step and cutting down the men by 
the hundred. Still they pressed on until they reached 
tlie foot of the hill which was crowned by the rebel 
breastworks. Here the assailants were ordered to lie 
down, and for nearly half an hour remained in that 
position. They were somewhat covered from the 
enemy's fire, but were in the most trying position to 
the nerves which a soldier can well occupy, lying in- 
active on the ground, with a storm of rifle bullets and 
grape shot continually whistling over them, .solid shot 
plunging by with resistless fury, and vengeance-seek- 
ing shells bursting in every direction. 

At the end of the time mentioned, the order, 
"charge bayonet," rang from tlie lips of the com- 
mander, and was repeated by the line officers. The 
men sprang to their feet with a thundering cheer, and 
rushed up the hill. The hail of bullets, canister and 
grape was redoubled, the soldiers fell thicker and 
faster at every step, but the survivors swept on with 
increasing pace, captured the first line of works the 
moment they were reached, pursued the flying foe 
into the second line, and cleared that, too, at the 
point of the bayonet. 

But in the meantime the second Division had been 
stopped by an unexpected swamp, thrown into con- 
fusion, and compelled to retreat with hea?y loss. All 
the enemy's fire was then concentrated on the Third 
division, and it was found utterly impossible to ad- 
vance against the third line. But the men held the 
ground they had won: keeping a constant fire on the 
rebels until nearly night, when thev were relieved by 
other troops. In this, the second battle of the regi- 
ment, more than a third of the number engaged were 
killed or wounded: captains W. W. Hutchinson and 
J. T. Philpot being slain on the field. 

The next day the battle raged furiously at various 
points along the line, but the One Hundred and Third 
was not engaged. The enemy sufliered so severely 
that he retreated during the night, leaving his elab- 
orate fortifications to the triumphant Unionists. The 
latter pursued him through Cassville, Cartcrsville, 
etc., and drove him from his works on Pumpkin Vine 
creek, where the One Hundred and Third, thougli 
under heavy artillery and picket fire, was not serious- 
ly engaged until the 2d of June. 

On that day the regiment was ordered forward and 
came to an open field, guarded on the farther side by 
a heavy line of rebel pickets behind strong breast- 
works, " Forward'' was the instant order, and for- 
ward went the depleted regiment, under quite a heavy 
fire, which wounded nine or ten of the men, easily 
capturing the advanced w^orks, and driving their oc- 
cupants back to the main line. Though the One 
Hundred and Tliird was not required to attack this 
line, vet a tremendous rain storm made the succeed- 
ing night, spent so close to the enemy that no fires 



ONE HUNDRED AND TIIIKD INFANTRY, ETC. 



131 



tuukl be allowed, one of the most wretchedly menior- 
alile ill the history of the regiment. At daylight 
thev discovered that the foe had withdrawn under 
cover of the darkness, and the way was once more 
clear, at least for a short distance. 

On the loth uf .June the command again moved 
forward, and on the I'.ith the regiment was engaged 
in heavy skirmishing all day; having eight men 
killed or wounded and driving ihe enemy back to 
ilorse's Creek. The next day a small, select body of 
men, of which tlie One Hundred and Third furnished 
five, dashed across a bridge in face of the enemy, se- 
cured a foothold on the farther side and opened a 
path of which the brigade promptly availed itself. 
During the night the rebels again retreated. 

On the 8th of July the One Hundred and Third 
crossed the Chattahoochie river, the foremost troops 
of Sherman's army, and on the 20th of the same 
month, after innumerable marches and maneuvers 
among the mountains of Georgia, came into position 
before the celebrated city of Atlanta. On the 32nd 
the brigade made a desperate forced march to take 
part in the battle in which McPherson fell, but the 
Seventeenth corps had whipped the enemy before the 
reinforcements could arrive. On the 1st of August 
the brigade moved to the extreme right, and for sev- 
eral days was kept on the move for purposes unknown 
to anvbut the commander-in-chief. 

On the 28th of August the regiment, with other 
troops, abandoned its position north of Atlanta, 
moved clear around the city to the south, and began 
tearing up the railroad running in that direction. On 
tile 3rd of September these operations forced the 
evacuation of Atlanta by the enemy, and one of the 
greatest and most ditticult campaigns in the history of 
warfare was brought to a glorious and successful ter- 
mination. Immediately afterwards the One Hundred 
and Third marched to Decatur, where the men ob- 
tained a few weeks of much needed rest. Though it 
iiad not been in so many severe engagements as some 
regiments, yet the numerous marches and skirmishes 
and constant service under fire had terriljjy depleted 
the ranks; for, out of between four hundred and fifty 
and five hundred men with which the regiment started 
on the campaign, there were now but a hundred ami 
ninety-five for duty. 

At this time (September 10, 1864,) Lt. Col. Sterling 
resigned his position and Capt. Pliili]) C. Hayes was 
commissioned in his place. 

Shortly after its arrival at Decatur the gallant 
little regiment was detailed as General Schofield's 
headiiuarter guard, and after that, except on one oc- 
casion, did no more fighting. The Twenty-third 
corps went northward in pursuit of Hood, and, after 
Sherman returned to make his grand " march to the 
sea," went on in company with the Fourtlr corps to 
reinforce Gen. Thomas. At Spring Hill, Tennes- 
see, the enemy threatened tiie wagon train of the two 
corps just mentioned, when a division was interposed 
to check them. The One Hundred and Third, which 



was, of course, with the headquarter train, was or- 
dered to support a battery. As was expected, the 
rebels made a fierce attack, so fierce, in fact, that the 
division was driven back in considerable disorder. 
The battery and the One Hundred and Third, how- 
ever, held their ground, and by their deadly fire 
checked the advance of the foe until the division 
could rally, when the rebels were obliged to retire. 
The regiment was warmly complimented by both 
Gens. Schofield ami St;iuley for its brave and op- 
portune conduct. 

The regiment continued with the Twenty-third 
corps, but was prevented by its duty at headipiarters 
from taking part in the l)attles of Franklin and Nash- 
ville. After those great victories, the corps followed 
Hood for a time, but without important results. In 
January. 1805, at Mt. Pleasant, Tennessee, the One 
Hundred and Third was pi-esented by the ladies of 
Cleveland with a new flag, in place of the riddled and 
worn out banner, of which only a few tatters fluttered 
over the heads of the color-bearers. 

On the 1.5th of .January the Twenty-third corps 
started on one of those long expeditions which were 
so common during the war for the Union, but which, 
considering the ease and rapidity with which they 
were executed, had no example in the wars of the old 
world. After a trip by way of the Tennessee river, 
Cincinnati, Washington, etc., of nearly three thou- 
sand miles, the corps brought up at Fort Fisher, North 
Carolina. It then took part in the capture of Wil- 
mington, and the movements which led to the sur- 
render of Gen. Johnston and the final collapse of 
the rel)elliou, but the One Hundred and Third was 
not again brought under tire. 

On the 30th of April Col. Casement resigned, and 
Lt. Col. Hayes was commi-ssioned as colonel. 

On the 12th of June the regiment started for home. 
It met with a most unfortunate accident on the 1st 
of July the train; on which it was traveling being 
thrown off the track while crossing the mountains 
of Pennsylvania, and twenty-seven men being more 
or less injured — three or four of them fatally. The 
regiment reached Cleveland the same day, when it 
received an enthusiastic ovation and a generous ban- 
quet from the citizens. It mustered but about three 
hundred men all told, out of the gallant thousand 
who left the .same place, less than three years before. 
On the 22nd of July, 186.5. the last payments were 
made, and the One Hundred and Tliird Ohio Infantry 
was mustered out of tiie service of the United States. 

SIEMIiKRS FROM ilVAIKHiA lOl'N'TY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Phlip C. Hayes, eur. as Capt. July 16, ISiiJ Promoted to Lieut. Col. 

Nov. 18, IWH; to Col. June li, ISiW. Mustered out with Reg. 
James F. Sterllug. eur. Capt. Co. B. Ttli Inf. Promoted Sept. 1. im2, to 

Laeut. Col 103d Inf Resigned Sept. 10, 1864. 
Henry S. Piokands, enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug 14. 1S63. Promoted to Capt. 

Dec. 9. 1*;3. to .Major May 18. 18<)3. and to Lieut. Col. May 28, 18t5. 

Musteivd out with the Reg. 
John S. White, enr. as Adjt Aug. 18, 1883. Res. Oct. 1, 1864. 
George O Butler, enr as Asst. Sui-g. Aug. 19, 1S6-3. Res. May^J, 18i:3. 
Oeoi-ge A. Hubbard, enr. as Chaplain, Aug, 15, 186i. Res. Oct. 1, 1864. 



133 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Barnabas Brown, enr. as Sergt. Co. D, Aug. 6, 1863. Promoted to Com. 

Sergt. Nov. 1, 1863. 
Edward J. Dewe.v, enl. Aug. 9, Co. B: app. Hosp. Steward at Camp 

Nelson, Ky. 

COMPANY A. 

Franklin A. Smith, enr. Co. D. as 1st Sergt. July 3T, 186-2. Promoted to 

1st Lieut. Co. A. Aug. 15. 1863. and to Capt. Jan. 31, 1865. Mustered 

out with the Reg. June 13. 1K65. 
Michael Duncan, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 15, 1.S63. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

July 1. 1863, and to 1st Lieut. May 39. 1865. Mustered out with the 

Reg. June 13, 1865 
James M. McWilliams, enr. as Sergt. July 36, 1863. Promoted to 1st 

Sergt . , and 3d Lieut . May 9. 1863. Resigned March 18, 1864 . 
DeWitt C. Hotchkiss, enr. as 1st Sergt. July 33, 1863. Promoted to 3d 

Lieut. Nov. 34, 1863. Transf. to Co. H. 
James D Markell. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 8, 1863. 
Elias L. Bradley, enr. as Corp. July 7, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. July 1, 

1863. MusteredoutMay 3, 1865. 
Charles O. Rol.erts, enr. as Corp. Aug. S, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. July 

1. 1863. 
Wilson H. Burrell, enl. Aug. 8. 1863. Disch. June 32, 1865. 
William Ross, enl . Aug. 16, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Sept. 1, 1863, 
Ira Henderson, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6, 1863 
William Stowell, enl. Aug. 39, 1863. Promoted to Corp. 
Joseph Perry, enl. Aug. 13, 1863. Promoted to Corp. 
John McKeen, enl. .\ug. 13, 1863. Promoted to Corp. 
Michael Collins, enl. July 7, 1863. Promoted to Corp. 
Ezra Brewster, enl. Aug. 31. 1863. Promoted to Corp. 
Charles Cole, enl. Aug. 4, 1863. Promoted to Corp. 
John B. Abraham, enl. Aug, 14. 1863. 
George .\sbelger. enl. Aug. 15, 1863. 
Alfred Adair, enl. Aug. 14, 1863. Disch. March 3, 1863. 
David Boyd. enl. .Tuly 38, 1S63. 
John Brennan. enl. July 38, 1803. 
Francis Bromley, enl. .Aug. 18. 1863. 
William Bear. enl. Aug. 31, 1863. Taken prisoner at Mill Springs, Ky,, 

Oct. 5, 1863. Paroled Jan. 16, 1865. Disch. June 30, 1865. 
William C. Benedict, enl. Aug. 8, 1863. Died at Walton, Ky., Oct. 8, 1863. 
Joseph P, Card. enl. Aug. 15, 1862. Transf. to Co. C. 
James Canfleld, enl. July 28, 1863. Mustered out May 33. 1865. 
Robert Crawford, enl. Aug 12, 1863. 
Charles M. Caldwell, enl. July 38, 1863. Killed in action at Knoxville, 

Tenn,, Nov. 25. 1,863. 
Thomas M. Connell, enl. July 31, 1863. Mustered out May 30, 1865. 
Peter Conland, enl. Aug. 13, 1803, Mustered out May 19, 1865. 
John Crane, enl, Aug, 14, 1.S63. 
.Joseph Carson, enl. Aug. 18, 1863. 
Robert Doyle, enl, Aug, 13. 1863. Taken prisoner, 
Henry Dycker, enl. .Aug. 5, 1863. 
John Derr. enl. Aug. 15, 1863. 

Albert Esty, enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Disch. May 18, 1865. 
Otis Eddy, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. 

William Eldridge, enl. Aug. 14, 1868. Died from wounds Dec. 29, 1863. 
Adam Furnace, enl. Aug. 31, 1863. 
John Goudy. enl. Aug, 15, 1862. 
Hugh Goudy. enl. Aug. 15. 1862. 
Matthew Gooby, enl. Aug. 14, 1863. 
Franklin Gould, enl. July 38. 1862 
Martin C, Gee. enl. Aug. 7, 1863, 

Oliver Hartzell, enl. July 3'i, 1862. Mustered out Tune 20, 1865. 
John Hoffman, enl. .Aug. 22, 1863 
Lucas Hannum. enl. Aug. 13. 1863. 
Edward Howard, enl. Aug, 22, 1?63. 
Charles Harrigan, enl Aug. 14, 1863. 
Charles S, Johnson, enl. July 34. 1863. 
Horace Jerome, enl. Aug. 4. 1862. 
William Kirschner. enl Aug. 14, 1862. Died from wounds at Knoxville, 

Tenn,, Dec. 3, 1863 
Alexander Leese. enl. Aug. 13, 1863. 
Henry Lush, enl. Aug. 5, 1863 
Harris P. Losey. enl .\ug, 8. 1863 
Albert Lawrence, enl, Aug. 1. 1863. 

John D. McKenzie. enl. Aug. 13, 1863. Disch. Sept. 13, 1863. 
James Mote. enl. .Uig. 15, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Nov . as, 1863. Taken 

prisoner Dec. 1863. Paroled and disch. June 13, 1865. 
Daniel McCauIey, enl. Aug. 18, 1863. 

Wilham McMannis, enl. Aug. 12. 1863. Disch. Jan. 8, 1863. 
Elisha Martin, enl. Aug. 11, 1863. 
William Muchler. enl, Aug. 15, 1863. 
Daniel O'Brien, enl, July 30, 1862. Disch. May 18, 1865. 
Sherwood Parks, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. 
Jerry Reinhart, enl. Aug. 13. 1862. 
William Silver, enl. Aug. 13, 1863. 
Daniel Seabourne, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. 
George W. Shepherd, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. 



Joseph Snyder, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. 

John Stubbs, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. 

Benj. F, Thompson, enl Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out July 15, 1865. 

Basil Tiers, enl. Aug. 11, 1862, 

Dorsey Viers, enl, Aug. 11, 1863, 

Josiah Weigel. enl. Aug. 6, 1863. 

Hiram B. Ward. enl. Aug. », 1862. Taken prisoner. 

Caleb Weaver, enl, Aug 4, 1862. Disch. Jan. 8, 1863. 

Thomas Williams, enl. Aug. 9, 1863. 

Jesse Walton, enl. Aug. 13 1863, 

Rudolph Werkmeister. enl. Aug, 21, 1662. 

James Watkins, enr, as Corp, Aug. 13, 1862. 

Asa B. Watkins, enl. .Aug. 13, 1.863. Died at Frankfort, Ky., Nov. 36,1863. 

Solomon S. Drake, enr, as Corp, Aug. 8, 1863, Disch, Jan. 8, 186:3. 



Wiilliam M. Hutchinson, enr. as Capt, Killed at Resaca, Ga,, May 14, 

1864. 
Albert H Spencer, enr. as 1st Sergt. Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted to 3nd 

Lieut. Dec, 4, 1863; to 1st Lieut. Feb. 17, 1864, and to Capt. May 38, 

1865. Mustered out with the Reg. June 13, 1865. 
Hernus Burt, enr as 1st Lieut. July 10, 1863. Died Dec. 4, 1862, at 

Frankfort. Ky. 
CorwinJ. Holt, enr. as 2nd Lieut. July 10. 1863. Prom, to 1st Lieut. 

Dec. 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. June 12, 1865 
Joseph C. Merritt, enr. a< Sergt Aug. 14, 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

Transf. to Co. F, 1st Tenn. Artilleiy and made 1st Lieut. Jan 1, 1864. 
EdgarW Piper, enr. as Sergt, Aug, 4, 1862. Detached as clerk at Com- 
missary Hd, Qrs. Nov, 35, 1862. 
Dennis Lynch, enr. as Sergt. July 17, 1863. Detached as clerk Hd. Qrs. 

23d A. C Oct. 16,1863 
H. F. Smead, enr. as Corp. July 26, 1882. 
John .Merua, enr. as Corp. Aug. 2, 18S2. Detached as R. R. Guard Jan. 

11, 1864. 
James Scarr, enr. as Musician July 13, 1863. 
James Erwin, enr, as Musician Aug. 18, 1863. 
Dwight M. Cobb, enl. Aug. 32, 1863* Promoted to Sergt. 
William A. Goslin, enl. Aug, 8, 1863. Promoted to Sergt, and to Q. M, 

Sergt. July 31, 1863. 
Benton S. Hayes, enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Disch. for disability Jan. .8, 1863. 
Charles H . Jones, enl , Aug. 4, 1862. 

Albert Hill, enl. Aug. 11. 1863. Transf. to Invalid Coi-ps. 
Henry Kennard. enl. July 17, 1862. 
Sherwood H. Stilson, enl. .Aug 6, 1863. Detached as clerk at Hd. Qrs. 

Dep of the Ohio, Knoxville, Tenn . 
James W Stuart, enl. .\ug. 11, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. 
George W. Dyer, enl. July 33, 1862. 
Hiram R. Ferris, enl. July 15. 1863. 

Joseph L Heitz, enl. Aug. 9. 1862. Mustered out May 19, 1865. 
Matthew Hoetlinger, enl Aug. 11, 1863. 
Albert K. Quayle, enl. July 15, 1863. 
Charles Burt, enr. as Corp. Aug. 9, 1862. 
Edwin A Barnard, enl Aug. 9, 1862. 
Hiram Bradford, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. 
Charles Brown, enl. Aug. 13. 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Charles L. Bonney, enl Aug 16, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps 

March 22. 1864. Mustered out June 29, 1865. 
Andrew J. Cook, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps March 

2, 1864. Mustered out June 39, 1865. 
Wilham B. Cook. enl. Aug, 16, 1862. 
Caleb H. Cook, enl. Aug. 16, 1863. 
Ozro Dwinnell, enl. Aug. 15, 1862. 

Charles H. Knapp, enl. Aug. 9. 1862. Disch. for disabiUty Jan. 8, 1863. 
Albert D Knapp, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Detailed as clerk Hd. Qrs. Dept. 

Ohio. 
Charles F. Miller, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. 
Henry B Northrop, enl. Aug. 12, 1863. 
William E. Romp, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. 
Theodore Ridaker, enl, Aug. 15, 1862. 
Theodore Schneider, enl , Aug. 4, 1862. 
Thomas Stokes, enl, Aug. 15, 1863. 
John Ridaker, enl. Aug. 33. 1863. 

George J. Sheldon, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 8, 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt 
Reuben W. Stockwell, enr. as Corp. Aug. 8, 1863. 
Laites B, Page, enr. as Corp. Aug. 13, 1863. 

George Baker, enl. July 31, 1863. Disch. for disability Jan. 8, 1863. 
Stephen Burton, enl. Aug. 23, 1862. Died at Wartburg, Tenn., Sept. 4, 

1863. 
Charles F. Chapman, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. 
Edward J. Dewey . (See Non-commissioned Staff. ) 
James H. Edmonds, enl. .Aug. 14, 1863. 
James S, Hendrickson. enl. Aug. 11, 1862. 
Marshal F. Hulet, enl. Aug. 16, 1863, 

Heman F. Jones, enl, Julj 36, 1863. Disch. for disability Jan. 8, 1863. 
William Johnson, enl. Aug. 15, 1862. 
William Lussenden, enl. Aug. 13, 1863. 
William Locke, enl. July 18, 1862. 



ONE HUXllKED AND TIIIKM) IXFAXTKY. ETC. 



133 



Royal W. Lane, enl. Aug. 8. 1868. Diseh. for disability AprU 20, 1863. 
Warren Lane. enl. Aug. 4, 1862. Detached as nurse at Camp Cleveland 

Oct. 12. 1882. 
William J. Lawrence, enl. Aug. 11, 1S62. Mustered out May 11, 1R6.-| 
.\rtemus T. Mills, enl. Aug 22. 1863. 

Julius Nichols, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Diseh, for disability .Ian. s, 1861. 
Lewis Prindle, enl. Aug. II. 1862, Promoted to Sergt. 
Thomas J. Poole, enl. Inly 21. 1S62. 

David A. Pardee, enl. Aug. 15. If 62. Died at Danville. Ky., .July :3, 18C.3. 
.lolui Pieper. enl. Aug 13. 1H62. 
William D. Ray. enl. Aug. 18, 1862. 
Rodolphiis X. Sabin. enl, Aug. 9. 1862. 
Fredeiick .Scbroeder, enl. Aug. 5, 1S62- 
Jautes D Segur. enl. Aug 11, 1862. 
William K Sutton, enl, Aug. S. 1862. 

Cassius M. Warner, enl. Aug. 15, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Frederick Roniun. enl. .\ug. 9, 1862, 

Aldus Cody. enr. as Corp. Aug. 4, 1862. Promoted to ,Sergt. 
George W, Brightman. enl. ,\ug. 7, 1862. 
Lewis Brooker. enl Aug. 6, 1862. 
James B. Carpenter, enl Aug. 12. 1862. Promoted to Adjt. 1st. Tenn. 

Artillery Sept. IT, ]8«i. 
Nicholas Boyer, enl. Aug. 12, 1862, Died at Tazewell, Tenn., Jan. 4, 1864. 
Louis Bartlett. enl. Aug. 6. 1862. 
Benj. F. Brinkerhoff. enr. as Corp. .Aug. 7, 1862. 
Milo H Barnum, enl. Aug. 9, 1862 
Alfred Beck, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. 
Elisha A. Osborn, enl. Aug. 7. 1862. Priimoted to Corp. 



John L. Seniple, enr. as Capt. July IS. 1,862. Resigned Jan. «, 1863. 
Francis M. Thomas, enr. as 1st. Lieut. July 16. 1S62. Promoted to Capt. 

Jan. '.). 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. June 12, 1865. 
Jiihn F, Kennedy, enr as 2d Lieut. July 16, 1862. Promoted to 1st Lievit. 

Jan. 9. 1863. Resigned July I, 1864. 
Joseph P. Card, enl Co. A .Aug. 15, 1862 Promoted to Sergt. Maj. ; to 

2d Lieut. Co. C Jan. 9. 1K63. and to 1st Lieut. Feb. 17. 1864. Res. 

Dec. 23, 1864. 
Edward B. Reynolds, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 12, 1862. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Feb 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Richard S. Blossom, enr. as 1st Sergt. July 31, 1862. Diseh. for disability 

Dec. 2. 1862. 
.lames Burt. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 6. 1862. Transf. to lasd Reg. Co. H July 

5. 1865. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
.lohn Scoville. enr. as Sergt. .\ug 6. 1862. 
William Haskins, enr. as Corp. Aug. 16, 1862 Diseh. for disability Jan. 

H. 186.3. 
Thomas J. Cottrell. enr. as Corp. Aug. 8, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. .Ian. 

13. 1863. 
Charle» Smiih. enr. as Cor]). July 30. 1862. Diseh. for disability Jan. 8, 

1.863. 
Henry B. Lockwood. enr. as Corp. July 31. 1862. Promoted to Ser^t. 

July 1. 1863. 
William C. Nagle. enr. as Coip. Aug. 1. 1862. Diseh. for disability Aug 

17, 186:j. 
Isaac S. Moore, enr. us Corp. July 28. 1662. 
Charles R. Beckwith. enr as Corp. Aug. 'II, 1862. 
Orlando W. Wilson enr. as Corp. July 30, 1862. Diseh. for disability 

Oct. 27 1862. 
John >\ illiams, enr. as Drummer Aug. 1. 1862, Diseh, for disability .Ian. 

27. 1863. 
Jesse Thayer, enr. as Fifer Aug. 18. 1862. 
Sylvester Allen, enl Aug. 15, 1862, 

Charles Bullock, enl. Aug 7, I8ti2. Diseh. for disability March 11, 1863. 
Knoch Braiaard, enl. .Aug. 8. 1862. Diseh. for disability Jan. 8. 1863. 
Robert Bates, enl. August 14. 1862. 
Charles Beynor. enl. Aug. 19. 1862. 
James Bennett enl. July 31. 1862. 
Richard Cattell. enl. Aug 7. 1862. Promoted to Corp 
Felix Click, enl Aug. 14. 1862. 

Thomas Cassidy, enl. Aug. 18, 1862, Promoted toCorji, 
James Cunningham, enl. Aug. 19, 1862. Transf. to 183rd Reg., Co. H 

July 5, 1865. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
Edmond F. Denison, enl. Aug. 1, 1862. Mustered out May 24, 1865. 
Silas Dean, enl .Aug. 14. 1862. Promoted to Corp 
Richard Doran, enl, Aug. 22, 1862. 
Benj. S. Franklin, enl. July 21, 1862. 
Thomas Fell. enl. July 31. 1862. Promoted to Corp 
Henry Fretter. enl Aug 9 1862 Died at Frankfort. Ky., April 8, mvi. 
John P. Fitzpatrick, enl .Aug. 11. 1862. 
John Oswald, enl. Jan. 4. 1865. Transf. to 183rd Reg.. Co. H.July 5, 

1865. Mustered out July 17. 186.5. 
John Gordon, enl. Aug II. 1862 

ThomasGribben, enl Aug, 22, 1862. Mustered out June 5, 1865. 
Joseph A. Homing, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. 
Charles Hammon.enl. Aug. 9, 1862. 

17 i 



John Hodson, enl Aug. 13, 1862. Died at Frankfort, Ky.. Dec 24, 1862. 

James B. Hart, enl. Aug. 13. 1863. 

David Hughes, enl Aug. 18, 18<>3. 

Famcis M. Hazen. enl. Aug. 14. 1862. Diseh. for disability Jan. 8. 1863. 

Thomas Irvine, enl. Aug. 11,1862. Died at Knoxville. Tenn.. Nov. 26, 

186.3. from wounds rec'd in action the day before. 
Henry Knowles enl. Aug. 4, 1862. 
Henry Logan, enl. Aug. 11. 1862. 
Charles A. Morrison, enl. July 29, 1862. Transf. to 183d Reg. July 5. 1865 

Promoted to Corp. Mustered out July 12, 1865. 
Timothy Metzger, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Joseph Majo. enl. Aug. 4. 1862. 
John Mor.tanye, enl. Aug. 14. 11-62. Died at Le.xington, Ky., April 5, 

1863. 
Jacob Nodine. enl. July 23. 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Kayden N'e^gli. enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Diseh. for disability Jan. 8, 1861. 
James Peasnell, enl. Aug. 12. 1802. 

Louis Rolling, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Diseh. for disability Nov. 22, 1862. 
John Sullivan, enl. July 29. 1862. 
William P. Southern, enl. July 31, 1862. 

Thomas J. Scoville. enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 13. 1863. 
Charles Schultz, enl. Aug. II, 1862. 
Edward Strong, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Killed at seige of Knoxville, Nov. 25, 

1863. 
Frederick Smith, enl. .Aug. 13, 1862. Transf to l.S.3rd Reg. Co H. July 

8, 1865. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
Benjamin Sweet, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Diseh. for disability Jan. 10. 1863. 
Jacob Vomoss, enl, July 29, 1862. Mustered out May 18, 1865. 
Andrew Wager, enl July SO, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
James Welch, enl. .Aug. 1. 1862. 
John Welch, enl. Aug. 19. 1862. 
Arthur Ward, enl Aug. 22, 1862. Died at Knoxville. Tenn.. Dec. 4. 186.3, 

from wounds received in action Nov. 25. 
Davis Webster, eid. Aug. 23, 1862. Diseh. for disability Jan. 8, 1863. 
Archibald M Young, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Promoted to Coi-p. 
Duncan McNeil, enl. .Aug. 1, 1862. 
Stephen Whitney, enl July 30, 1862. 
Alexander Wright, enl . Aug. 4, 1862. 
Joseph Lovely, enr. as JIusioian March 6. 1864. Transf. to 183rd Reg. 

Co. C. July .5, 1865. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
Patrick Kelley, enl. March 17, 1864. Transf. to 183rd Reg. JulyCo. H, 

5. 1865. .Mustered out July 17, 1865. 



John T. Philpot. enr. as Capt, July 15. IHiU, Killed at Resaca, Oa., May 

14, 18(i4. 
L J. Neville, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Aug. J, lfc62. Prom, to 1st Lieut. Dec. 2, 

1862. Res. Feb. 9. 186:). 
Alanson R. Dixon, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6 1862. Clustered out May 25, 1865. 
Hilon R. Horton, enr. as Corp. Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out June 28, 1865. 
John C. Anthony, enl. Aug. 5. 1862. Diseh. Oct. 8. 1862 
John Hunt. enl. July 22, 1862. 
William Rothen, enl. July 22. 1862. 
James Richmond, enl Aug. 9, 1862. 
Thomas Fell, enl. Aug. 8. 1863. 
John Conway, enl. .luly :iO. 1862. 

Wesley Trowbridge, eul. .Aug. 13. 1862. Mustered out May. 30, 1865, 
Morreil E. Seeley. enl. .Aug. 5, 1862. 
Franklin A. Smith, enr. as 1st Sergt. July28. 1862. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Co. A, Aug. 15, 1,863. 
Wilbur M. Sturtevant. enr. as Sergt, .Aug, 4. 1863. Promoted to;ist Sergt. ; 

and to 2d Lieut. Ang. 25. 1863. Resigned Aug. 14, 1861. 
Barnabas Brown. (See Non-commissioned Staff.) 
Samuel M. Armour, enr. as Corp. Aug. 4. 1862. Transferred to A'et. Res' 

Corps April 1, 1865. Mustered out July 10. 1865. 
George D. Upham. enr. as Corp. Aug. 4, 1862. 
Charles B. Niece, enr. as Musician Aug. 4, 1802. Died at Blue Springs 

Tenn., Oct. 7, 1863, from wounds rec"d Oct. 5. 
Seth A. WiUey, enr. as Musician Ang. 4, 1862. Mustered out June 10. 1865. 
Josiah Averell, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. 
William M. Bosworth. enl. .Aug. 6, 1862. 
Charles H Bancroft, enl. Aug. 4, 1862. 
William H. C'aley. enl Aug. 4. 1862. 
David Cooper, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. 
Martin Frisby. enl. -Aug. II, 1862 
Arthur O. Ford, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
George B. Ford, enl. Aug. 4. 1862. 
O. A. Gleason. enl. Aug. 6, 1863. 
R. C. Glea on, enl. Aug. 6, 1863. 
D. R. Gleason. enl. -Aug. 6. 1863. 

Almon H. Griswold. enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
George B. Goodsell. enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. 
LuciUsO Harris, enl. Aug. II, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. 
Charles 1 1 . Hubbell, enl. Aug. 6, 1802. Mustered out .May 30, 1865. 
Jason Kilby. enl. Aug. 6. IS<12. 
Abner C. King. enl. .Aug. 6. 1862 Promoted to Serg. 



134 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COrNTY. 



Franklin Lampson, enl. Aug. 4. 18^2. Pisch. Jan. 30. 1863. 

Harvey B. Nash. enl. Aug. 6, 1362. 

Dmriel L. Ozmun, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Disch. Jan. 6. 1863. 

Augustus H. Rogers, enl. Aug. 5, 1862. Mustered out May 24. 1865. 

Robert Schuyler, enl. Aug 13. 1862 

Henry Schuyler, enl. \ug. 6. 1862. 

George W. Sheffield, enl. Aug. 20. 1862. 

Edwin Valkenburgh. enl. Aug. 6, 1862. 

Daniel W. Baker, enl. Aug. 21. 1862. 

Alvin Barker, enl. Aug. 21. 1862. 

Cornelius Courter. enl. Aug. 13. 1862. 

Henry S. Devoe. enl. Aug. 11. -862. Transt. to 2nd Battalion Tet. Res. 

Corps. Mustered out at end of term. Sept. 8. 1865, 
Henry M. Frizzell. enl. Aug 11, 1862. Mustered out May 35. 1865. 
Frederick Home. enl. Aug. 11, 1862 Mustered out June 13, 1S65. 
Ira Lowdon. Jr.. enl Aug. 11, I8«;2. Promoted to Corp. Died at Som. 

erset, Ky.. June 15, 186:1 
Franklin Lewis enl. Aug. 8. 1862. 

Ferdinand G. Parr, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Constantine Eddy, enr. as Corp. Aug. 8, 1862. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. 

Co. 1 Not. 16, 1863. 
Henry Russell, enl. Aug. 15. 1862. Mustered out May 24, 1865. 
Earl Fisher, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Died at Frankfort. Ky.. Feb. 28, 186:5. 
Thomas Martin, enl. Aug. 6. 1862, 
Hamil'.on D. Dickey, em-, as 1st Lieut. Aug. 9. 1862. Resigned Dec. 3. 

1862. 
Edn-in M. Carpenter, enl. Aug. 6. 1862. 
Miles M. Carpenter, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Died at Frankfort. Ky.. April 20, 

186:S. 
Hiram M. Glasier. enl. Aug. 12, 1862. 
Augustus Kellogg, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. 
Elijah G. Matthews, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. 
Porter Wells, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Thomas Budd. enr. as Corp. July 28, 1862. 
John Barber, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. 
William Budd. enl. Aug. 11, 1862. 

Julius Burton, enl. Aug. 21, 1862. 1 isch. March 30, 1863. 
John Cotaper, enl. Aug. 21, 1862. 
Andrew DiUou. enl. Aug. 11, 1862. 
George Giftord. enl. Aug. 11, 1862. 
Perry Mapes, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. 
James Sickles, enl. Aug. 11, 18 i2. 

Moses C. Cate. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 4. 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 
William F. Hannaford, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 7, i862. Mustered out May 

11, 1865. 
Fenner Bosworth. enr. as Corp. Aug. 7, 1862. Promoted to Segt. Mus- 
tered May a.i. 1865. 
WiUiam R. Higby. enr. as Corp Aug. 7, 1862. Disch. Jan, 8, 1863, 
Melville Bull. enl. Aug. 7. 1863. 

C>tis Button, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Clustered out June 19, 1865. 
Worthy F. Bull, enl. Aug. 6. 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

May 15. 1865. 
Wallace Baldwin, enl. .Vug. 6. 1862. 
Moses Barker, enl. July 22, 1862. 
Martin V. Deady, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. 
Almon Dewey, enl. Aug. 7. 1862. 

Page M, Gore. enl. Aug. 6. 1862. Died at Frankfort, Ky., March 7, 1863. 
Lyman B. Hannaford, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
James M. Harvey, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. 
Earl Kennedy, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. 
George H. Lowry, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. 
Patrick McGuire. enl. Aug. 8, 1862. 
Rufus Sibley, enl. July 24. 1862. 
Henry Shepherd, enl. Aug. 20, 1862. 
Henry Trowbridge, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. 
Burk E. Ward. enl. Aug. 9. 1862. 

C01IPA>T K. 

George W. Tibbetts, enr. as Capt. July 16, 1862. Resigned Feb. 9, 1863. 
Charles E. Sargeant. enr. as 1st Lieut. July 16. 1862. Promoted to Capt. 

Feb. 9, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. June 12. 1865. 
Levi T. Scofleld. enr. as 2d Lieut. July 16. 1862. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Feb. 9. 186:3, and to Capt. Nov. :», 1864, Mustered out with the Reg. 
Lewis S. DiUe, enr. as 1st Sergt. Aug. 22. 1862. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 

Feb. 9, 1863. Detached as Brig. Commissary Aug. 3, 186 i. Promoted 

to 1st Lieut- March 21, 1864, and to Capt. May 28, 1865. Mustered out 

with the Reg. 
John E, Vought, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 21, 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

Feb. 9, 1863. and to 1st Lieut. May 29, I860. Mustered out with the 

Reg. 
Orrin M. Gates, enl. Aug. 23, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Chauncey W. Meade, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 4. 1862. 
George F. Ransom, enr as Sergt. July 18. 1862. Transf. to Tet. Res. 

Corps April 1. 1365. Mustered out July 7. 1865. 
John B. Fergus-^n. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 15, 1862. Disch. for disability 

Sept. 14. 1863 



Lucien D. Whaley, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6, 1862. Disch. for disabihty Jan, 

5. 1863. 
Oscar D. Holloway, enr. as Corp. July 18, 1862. 
Jay F. Galentine. enr. as Corp. Aug. 5, 1862. 
Martin Streibler. enr. as Corp. Aug. 11. 1862. 

William C. Perkins, enl. Aug. 11. 1862. Promoted to Corp. and to Sergt. 
James Whalen, enr. as Corp. Aug. 5, 1863. Sent to Hosp. at Islington. 

Ky.. Oct. 24. 1862. 
Charles E. Wallace, enr. as Corp. Aug. 15, 1863. Transf to Inv. Corps 

Nov. 1. I86.3. 
Lucius B Laney, enr. as Musician Aug. 13, 1863. 
Ansel Perkins, enr. as Musician July 23. 1862. 

Abel M. Wilder, eul. Aug. 22. 1863. Detached for special duty Feb. 2, 1864. 
John Andrews, enl. Aug. 14. 1862. Died at Lexington, Ky.. Nov. 7, 1863. 
-Alexander B. Allen, enl. Aug. 6. 1863. Detached for duty at Dept. Hd- 

Qrs. Nov. 34. 1863. 
James M. Abbott, enl, Aug. 22, 1863. Died at Stanford, Ky.. April 25. 186:1 
.\ndrew Bauder. enl. Aug. 13. 1863. 
Thomas H. Barrett, enl. July 19, 1862. Taken prisoner at Dandridge, 

Tenn.. Jan. 18. 1864. 
Frederick Bigler. enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Disch. for disabiUty Jan, 8. 186:3. 
David Builer. enl, A^g, 30. 1863, Disch. for disability Jan. 5. 186:3. 
Thomas Breiman. enl. Aug. 5, 1863. 
Jacob B)wer, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Transf to 19th Ohio Battery Aug. 15, 

136:3. 
WUliam S. Brown, enl. Aug. 22, 1863. 
Patrick Campbell, enl. Aug. 15, 1862. 
Argalous T. Cooper, enl. Aug. 14, 1362. Detached with Eng. BattaUon 

July -33, 1863. Mustered out June 20, 1865. 
Charles M. Cobb. enl. Aug. 13. 1862. Died at Frankfort. Ky .. Dec 13. 1863. 
Andrew J. Cobb, enl. Aug. 13. 1863. 
James Cobb. enl. Aug. 3, 1862. 
Andrew R. Klingman. enl, Aug, 8. 1363. 
Isaac Carpenter, enl .\ug. 4 1862. 
James Camp. enl. Aug. 15, 1863. 

Joseph Colber:. enl. Aug. 13, 1863. Died at Frankfort. Ky., Feb. 27. 1863. 
Addison B. Cotterell. enl. Atig. 9, 1862. Taken prisoner at Dandridge, 

Tenn.. Jan. 18, 1864. 
James DeL.^ng. enl. Aug. 8. 1862. Transf to Q. M. Dept. Nov 7. 1863. 
Peter Dismond. enl. -\ug. 9, 1863. 
John P. Dawson, enl, July 17. 1863, 
Stebbins B. Ely. enl. Aug. 15, 1863. 
James Freer, enl. .Vng. 8. 1862, 
John A. Freer, enl. Aug. 4, 1862, 
Edward L, Farr. enl. July 31, 1862, 
Frederick Hinckley, enl. Aug. 22. 1863. 
Don. D. Hendershott, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Transf. to Inv. Corps Nov. 1, 

I8«:J. 
William C. Johnston, enl. July 30. 1862, Disch, for disabiUty Jan. 8, 1863. 
Allen T. Jordan, enl, Aug, 14. 1863, 
James Kiely, enl, July 32. 1862. 
Edward C. Kelley. enl, Aug, 16, 1863, 

Hosea J. Lewis, enl. Aug. 15. 1862. Mustered out May 18. 1865. 
Nicholas G. Lundeberry. enL Aug. 11. 1862. Promoted to Corp. Transf. 

to the Com, Dept, Nov, 7, 1S63, 
Darius Manchester, enl. Xug. 21, 1862. 
Seth 5Iapes. enl. Aug. 11, 1863, 
Jame- M. Maple, enl. July 38. 1862. 
Henry Mott, enl. .\ug, 15, 1362. 

Walter T, Meeker, enl. Aug. 33. 1863. Disch. for disability Dec. », 186-3. 
Albert McDrath. enl. Aug. 6. 1663. 
Robert Neville, enl, Aug, 13, 1362, 
Thomas O'Connor, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Taken prisoner at Dandridge, Tenn.. 

Jan. 13. 1364. 
Jer-sme Percival. enL Aug. 15. 1362. Disch. tor disability Jan. 2:3. 186:3. 
Jabez G. Puffer. enL July 28. 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Henry Puffer, enl. .\ug. 13, 1863. 

John Quayle. enl. Aug. 4. 1363. Left sick at Somerset July 5. 1863. 
Harmon Reed, enl, Aug, 11, 1863, Taken prisoner at Dandridge, Tenn., 

Jan. IS. 1364. Died at -Vndersonville. Ga.. May 25, 1364. 
Augustus Ruby, enl. Aug. 3, 1363. 
Bingley Russell, enl. July 28. 1362 
Delos Shaw. enl. July 22. 1862, Taken prisoner at Dandridge. Tenn.. 

Jan. 13. 1364. 
William Smith, enl. Aug. 1, 1862. Taken pri&;»ner at Dandridge. Tenn., 

Jan 18. 1864. 
Henry Slater, enl. .Vug, 23, 1863. 
John SUbum, enl. .Vug. 11. 1863. Promoted to Corp. 
Daniel Smith, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Died at Frankfort. Ky., .Vpril 31, 1863. 
Abram H. Stafford, enl. Aug. 9. 1862, Promoted to Corp 
Augustus Thiemer. enL July 29, 1863, Iiied at Danville. Ky., -Vug. 17. 

1363. 
William Thomas, enl, Aug, 13, 1863, 

Frederick Towsey, enl, Aug, 1:3, 1362, Disch. for disabiUty Jan. 8, 1363. 
Joseph P. tucker, enl. Aug. 4, 1862. 
Eli T. Wells, enl. Aug. 14. 1362. 
James G. Watson. enL Aug. 4, 1362. Promoted to Corp. 



ONE HUNDRED AND THIRD INFANTRY, ETC. 



135 



Albert J. Wetberbee, enl. Aug. 15, 1802. 

Freeman W. Western, enl. Aug. 15. 1862. Died at Frankfort, Ky.. Feb. 

Vi. ISS-S. 
Thomas Worthy, enl. Aug. 1.5, 18«2. 
G.orge Weidman, enl. Aug. 21, 18ii2. 

George W. Simmons, enl. Sept. 3, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Peter Wallace, enl. Aug. 5, 1862. Mustered out July II, 1865. 
George H Weeks, eul. Aug. 11. 1862. 

COMPANY F. 

Con.stantine Eddy, enr. as Corp. Co. D, Aug, 8, 1802. Prom to 2nd Lieut 
Co. F, Nov. 16, 1863. and to 1st Lieut. Sept. 1. 1SH4. Mustered out with 
the Regt. June 12. 1865. 

COMPANY o 

Moses L. M. Pei.votto. enr. as Capt. July la, 1862. Resigned Dec. a, 1862. 

Henry s. PickanJ. (See Field and Staff.) 

Charles D Rhodes, enr. as 2d Lieut. Aug 4, 1863. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Dec. 9, 1802. and to Capt. .May 25, 1804. Resigned April. 30, 1865. 
William Hall. enr. as Ist Sergt. Aug. 15. 1>62. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 

Nov. 24, 18&J, and to 1st, Lieut. Sept. 8, IHW, Mustered out with the 

Reg 
Henry C. Seymour, ear. as Sergt. Aug. 4, 18t!2 Promoted to 2d Lieut. 

Dec. 9. 1862. Resigned July 29. 1863. 
Shennan B. Taft. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 18, 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

.Tan. I, 1804. 
William H. Wheelock, enr. 4s Sergt. Aug. 14. 1862. 
Adonijah Elliott enr. as Sergt. Aug 18, 1862. Promoted to 1st Lieut, in 

1st U. S. Col. Heavy Art. Feb. 29, 1864. 
Frank Busbmau. enr. as Corp. Aug. 15, 1802. Promoted to Sergt. Dec. 

9. 1862. 
Robert L. Heury. enr. as Corp. .\ug. 18, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 

1, 1864. 
Theodore Kemer, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Promoted to Sergt, March 1, 1864. 
Lemuel T. Denuison, enr. as Corp. Aug. 10, 1862. JIustered out Jlay 11, 

1805, 
William D, Field, enr. as Corp. .\ug. 0, 1862. Disch. for disability Jlay 

0, 1NI3, 
Thomas R, Babb. enr. as Corp. July 26, 1862. 
William H. Leggett. eul. Aug. 10, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Transf. to 

Vet. Res. Corps, April 1, 1865. Mustered out Atig. 19. 1865. 
Nathan W. Hawkins, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Taken pris- 
oner Jan, 18. 1.S64. 
Thomas Farmer, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Delos W. Turner, enl. Aug. 15, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Robert Woo<lward, enl. July 30, 1862. Promoted to Corp. 
Peter Hatzell. enl Aug. 15, 1862. Promoted to Corp 
Moses -\ckley. enl. Aug. 18, 1862, 
Lucius F. Alexander, enl. Aug. 18, 1802. 

Richard Armstrong, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Diseh. for disability May 8, 1863. 
David Bacchus, enl. Aug. 6. 1862. 
Matthew Bash, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. 
George H. Barker, eul. Aug. 18, 1862. 
Adam Beckley. eul. July 28, 18(i2. 
Jacob Berner. enl. Aug. 4. 1862 

Calvin S Cramer, enl. Aug. 7. 1862. Mustered out -May 24, 1865. 
Benj. F, Campliell, enl. Aug. 12 1862. 

Warren J Coe, enl. Aug. 14. 1802 Died at Frankfort, Ky., Nov. 21, 1868. 
William S. Cuniming, enl. .\ug. 1 1, 1862. .Mustered out June 13, 1865. 
Lawrence T, Carroll, enl, Aug. 15, 1.S02. 
William Canty, enl. Aug 20, 1862 
John G. De Fries, enl. Aug. .5, 1802. 
Harry lie Graff, enl. Aug. 15. 1862. 
Daniel E. Daley, enl. Aug. 22,1862. Died at Lexiugton, Ky., Nov. 10, 

1802. 
Charles EUsasser, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. 
Jacob Gastner. eul. Aug. 18, 1802. 
James tJage, enl, .Vug. 21, 1862. 
James Hart. enl. Aug. 2"), 1862. 

.^nsel Jordan, enl. Aug. 19, 1802. Taken prisoner Jan. 18, 1864. 
Orson Jordan, enl. Aug. 12. 186i. Mustered out June 3, 1865. 
Peter Joy. enl Aug. 14. 1862. 

Charles D. Kuapp. enl. Aug. 14. 1862. Disch. for disability June 8, 186.3. 
Joseph Kiug, enl Aug 11, 1862. Died at Frankfort, Ky., Nov. 22, 1868. 
James E. Lamb, enl. Aug. 4, 1862, 
William M. Lewis, enl. .Vug. :6. 1862. Died at Knoxville. Tenn., Dec. 12, 

l>*ti3. from wounds rec'd Nov. 25. 
Peter Leoschot, enl. Aug. 16. 1862. 
Robert Logan, enl. Aug. 21, 1862 Disch. Sept. 29. 186.3. 
Adam Miller, enl. .Vug. 13. 1862. Taken prisoner Jan. 18, 1804. 
John H. McCormick, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. 

Charles McOuire, enl. Aug. 18. 1862. Mustered out May 12, 18<i5. 
Peter Melia, enl. Aug. 20, 1862. 
John Nicely, enl. .\ug. 7. 1862. 
John Nicholson, enl. Aug. 22, 1802. 
James Pomeroy. enl. .\ug. 16, IS62. 
Levi Perrin. enl. Aug. 82, 1863. 
Alvin B. Rhodes, enl. Aug. 82, 1802. 



Peter Ryder, enl. July 84, 1862. 

John R. Reublin, enl. Aug. 15. 1862. 

John Stanley, eul. July 2:1, 1862. 

Heury Deal. enl. Aug. 21, 1862. 

Frank Shrier, enl. July 28, 1883. 

Reuben Smith, enl. Aug. 5, 1802 

Matthew Sands, enl. Aug 18, isii2. 

Jacob Spain, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Died at Knoxville, Tenn., Dec. 24, 1863, 

from wounds rec'd Nov. 2S. 
John Spencer, enl. .^ug. 20, 1S62. 
Peter Sullivan, enl. Aug. 20, 1862. 
Jerome N B. Stockwell, enl. Aug. 22, 1802. 
James Truffler, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. 
George Thorn, enl. Aug. 20, 1803. 
William Thompson, enL Aug. 23, 1862. 
John t'rbeu. enl, .Vug. 14, 1862. 
John Penstal. enl. Aug. 3, 1862. 
George Wagner, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. 
Charles Witham, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. 
George Witham. enl. .Vug 23, 1862. 
James Wilson, enl. .Vug. 22, 1802 
William Williams, enl. Aug. 22, 1802. 
John Brennau, enl, .-Vug, 23. 1863. 
John Jones, eul, .\ug, 32. 1862. 

COMPANY H. 

Delbitt C Hotchkiss. enr. as 1st Sergt. Co. A July 22, 1862. Prom, to 2d 
Lieut. Nov. 24. 1802. Transt. to Co. H July 1, 186:i, and made 1st 
Lieut. Re-igned Jan. 9, 1804. 

Frederick Ambrose enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Died April 27, 1.863. 

John Jarrett. enl. Aug. 1.1862. Taken prisoner at Dandcidge Jan. IS, 1864. 

Philip Lewis, enl, Aug. 4. 1803. Transf. to Invalid Corps Nov. 2, 1863. 

Harrison McClay, enl. Aug. 10, 1802. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 23, 1,864. 

Joseph Mathews, enl. July 25. 1H02. Died at Frankfort, Ky., March 36, 
1803. 

COMPANY I. 

Henry M. Stevens, enr. as Musician April 3, 1864. Transf. to 183d Reg., 

Co. D, June 12, 1865. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
Thomas Allen, enl. March 13, 1804. Transf. to Co. D., 183d Reg., June 

13, 1805. Clustered out July 17. 1805. 
Henry W Baldwin, enl. March 17, 1864. Transf. to Co. D, 18.3d Reg., 

June 12. 1865 Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
Henry Jl. Brainard, eul. March 10, 1S64. Transf. to Co. D, 183d Reg., 

June 13, 1805, Mustered out July 17. 1865. 
Cass.us B. Hanna. enl. March 10. 1864. Transf. to Co. D, 183d Reg., June 

12, 1805, Mustered out July 17, 1865, 
Almon Hawn, enl Feb. 35, 1804. Transf. to Co. D, I83d Reg.. June 12 

1865, 5IU5tered out July 17, 1H05. 
Charles E. Lowman, eul. JIarch 12, 1864. Transf, to Co. D, 183d Reg., 

June 12, 1805. Mustered out July 17, 1805. 
Albert K Mixer, enl. March -33, 1864. Transf. to Co. D, 183d Reg.. June 

12, 1.865. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 
Wilfred F. Blatherwick. eul. April 5, 1804. Transf. to Co. H. 1.83d Reg. 

July N, 1865. Mustered out July 17, 1805. 
John McLaughlin, enl. Jlarch 8, 1864. Transf. to Co. H. 183d Reg., July 

8, 1805. Mustered out July 17, 1805. 
John Ruddick, enl. May 6. 1864. Transf. to Co. A, 183d Reg., June 12, 

1865. Mustered out July 17. 1865. 
Charles F. Stillman. enl. April 8, 1864. Transf. to Co. A, 183d Reg, June 

12, 1865. Mustered out July 17, I860. 
Christian Snyder, enl. March 12, 1861. Transf. to Co. A, 183d Reg., June 

12, 1865. Mustered out July 17. 1865. 
Alexander 51. Wilsou. enl March 10, 1864. Transf. to Co. A. 1M:)<| Reg., 

June 12. 1805. Mtistered out July 17. 1865. 
Charles E. Gratz. transf. from 5th Lav. Jan. 13, 18t>4. Mustered out Oct. 

17, 1864. 

ONE HINDRED AXD FOIRTH IXFAXTRY. 



Daniel M. Stearns, enl. Aug. 9, 1863. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Nov. 27, 
1803: to 1st Lieut. )Iay 9. .864. and to Capt. Co. F Feb. 28, 1805. 

Miller Fording, enl. Feb. 18, 1864. Transf. to Co. I, 183d Reg., June 23, 
1865. Mustered out July 17, 1805. 

John Henry, enl. Oct. 4, 1864. Transf. to Co. I, 183d Reg.. June 22, 1865. 
Mustered out July 17, 1865. 

COMPANY F, 

Daniel M. Stearns, promoted from Co. A to Capl. Co. F Feb. 28, 11-05. 
Mustered out with the Reg. 

COMPANY B. 

Daniel Boyer. enl . Feb 5. 18iM. Transf. to 183d Reg , Co. O, Jtme 15, 1^65. 

Mustered out July 17, 186.5. 
James Howard, enl. Feb 27, 1864. Transf. to 183d Reg., Co. G.. June 10, 

1865, Mustered out July IT. 1865. 
Adam Rhinehart, enl. Feb. 5, 1864. Transt. to 183d Reg , Co. O, June 15, 

1865. Mustered out July 17, 1865. 



136 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER X X \' 1 1 . 

ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTH INFANTEY, ETC. 

When raised — Companies B and E from Cuyahoga — In Kentucky — For- 
tifying Washington— Chancellorsville— Crushing Disaster— Heavy Loss 
— Surgeon killed— Gettysburg— The First and Eleventh Corps driven 
back— Loss of the One Hundred and Seventh— Early's Attack, onthe 
Second of July— His repulse— Ftirther Loss— Capture of the Flag of 
the Louisiana "'Tigers" — Wounded Officers — A Hundred and Eleven 
Muskets left— C>1T to South Carolina— Thence to Florida— Back to South 
Carolina — Skirmishes at Devaux Neck— Capturing Artillery- On Pro- 
vost Duty— Mustered out and sent Home. 

The One Hundred and Seventh was a German regi- 
ment, raised in July and August, 18tD".i. and mustered 
in at Camp Taylor, (Cleveland,) on the 25th of the 
latter month. Company B was entirely from Cuya- 
hoga county; having a hundred and eight names on 
its roll during the war. Company E was principally 
from the same county: having sixty-sis Cuyahoga 
men in its ranks. These, with a few each in Compa- 
nies A, D, F, G, H and 1, made a total of two hun- 
dred and fifteen members of the One Hundred and 
Seventh from this county. 

The regiment moved to Coviugton, Kentucky, op- 
posite Cincinnati, in the latter part of September, 
but remained there only a short time. It was soon 
taken to Washington. D. C, and set to building for- 
tifications. Early in November it moved into Vir- 
ginia, and was soon made part of the Eleventh corps, 
commanded by Gen. Sigel. After several unimpor- 
tant marches in Northern Virginia, and after being- 
encamped at Brooks' Station during the winter, the 
Eleventh corps, then under Gen. Howard, marched 
with Hooker to the disastrous field of Chancellorsville. 
On that field the corps was assailed by the fiery legions 
of Stonewall .Jackson, its line broken and all its regi- 
ments hurled back in swift retreat. The One Hun- 
dred and Seventh had about a hundred and fifty men 
taken prisoners, besides about seventy-five killed and 
wounded. One of the few cases of a surgeon's being 
killed in action occurred at this time; Dr. C. A. 
Hartman, of Cleveland, the surgeon of the One Hun- 
dred and Seventh, being the victim. 

After a short rest the remainder of the regiment 
marched rapidly northward to aid in driving Lee 
from Pennsylvania; reaching Gettysburg on the morn- 
ing of the first of July. It was stationed on the right 
of the advanced lines of the LTuion army, and was 
speedily attacked by the enemy. As is well known, 
the two advanced corps, (the First and Eleventh, ) 
notwithstanding some successes in the beginning, 
were driven back after the death of Gen. Reynolds 
through the village of Gettysburg to Cemetery Hill; 
taking up a position there, in the afternoon, in which 
they eventually won the victory. While thus falling 
back before the enemy, about two hundred and fifty 
out of the^five hundred and fifty men of the One 
Hundred and Seventh were killed, wounded or taken 
prisoners. 

When the army turned to bay on Cemetery Hill, 
under the leadership of Hancock and Howard, the 
shattered regiment steadily maintained its position, 
and lay on its arms during the night. 



On the '2d of July this regiment, with its corps and 
the whole Union army, firmly held the position as- 
signed to it. Just before sunset Early's command 
made a desperate assault upon the Eleventh corps, 
but was driven back after a furious hand-to-hand con- 
flict with very heavy loss. In this charge the One Hun- 
dred and Seventh had about a hundred and fifty more 
men killed and wounded. The celebrated Eighth 
Louisian "Tigers"' assailed the position held by this 
regiment, but found their masters in the sturdy Ger- 
mans of northern Ohio. In the melee Adjutant Peter 
F. Young, (now police judge of Cleveland) captured 
the battle-flagof the "Tigers, "'but was himself severely 
wounded. In the course of the battle Lieut. Col. 
Mueller was severely wounded, as were also Captain 
Steiner, (mortally) Captain Speyer, Captain Fisher, 
and several other officers. On the third day of the 
battle the One Hundred and Seventh was not seriously 
engaged. 

When the regiment joined iu the pursuit of the 
rebel army, it carried but a hundred and eleven mus- 
kets. With these it accompanied the forces of Gen. 
Meade into Virginia, but, as is well knov.-u. nothing 
was done to prevent the escape of Lee. 

About the 1st of August the One Hundred and 
Seventh, now somewhat stronger but still very feeble, 
sailed to South Carolina. It was stationed on Folly 
Island until Febniary, 1804, though making two 
brief excursions on to other islands in the vicinity. 
In the latter part of February it moved to Jackson- 
ville, Florida, where it remained most of the time 
until December; the monotony of camp life being un- 
broken save by a few skirmishes, and by a mid-sum- 
mer expedition of a month to Fernandina, iu tlie same 
State. 

The latter part of December the regiment was taken 
back by sea to Devaux Neck, in South Carolina. It 
remained only a few weeks, but during that time had 
several skirmishes with the enemy, in which five men 
were killed and fifteen wounded. After brief service 
at Pocataligo Station and other points in the vicinity, 
it marched to Charleston, and thence went by boat to 
Georgetown. 

On the 23d of March the regiment defeated a rebel 
force at Sumterville, capturing three pieces of artill- 
ery. Its last exploit was to capture and destroy a 
train of cars near Singleton's Plantation, with thirteen 
locomotives and a large ijuantity of ammunition, etc. 
Soon after the surrender of Lee's army the regiment 
returned to Charleston, where it acted as provost 
guard until the 10th of July. It was then mustered 
out, sent back to Cleveland and discharged. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COVSTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Seraphim Meyer, enr. as Col. Sept. 16, 186-3. Resigned because of physL 
cal disability Feb. 8, 1864. 

Charles Mueller, enr. as Lieut. Col. Aug. S2, 1868. Wounded at Gettys- 
burg. Resigned on account of disability. Oct, 32. 1863. 

George Arnold, enr. as Capt. Co. H, 34th Inf. April U. 1861. Promoted 
to Maj. lorth Inf. Aug. 86. 1868, Resigned .\ug. 81, 1863. 



ONE HUNDRED AND SEVENTH IM-'AXTRY. ETC. 



137 



August Vignos. enr. as Capt. Co. H, Sept. 6, 1862. Lost right arm at 

Gettysburg. Promoted to Maj. Aug. 21, 1863. Res. because of disa- 

bilit.v Sept. »\ 1864. 
Charles A. Hartman, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 20, lSfi2. Killed on duty at 

Chancellorsville, Va., Ala.v 2, 1.S63. 
Franz Schill, enr. as .\sst. Surg. May 13, 1864. Mustered nut with the 

Reg. July 10. ists. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Jacob W. ^langold, enl. Sept. 25, IKtVJ. Promoted to Hosp. Steward Dec. 

2ii, iwl Mustered out with the Reg. 
Augustus Sch.vlander. enl. Sept. ft. 1862. Promoted to Hosp. Steward 

Sept. in. 1862 Disch. h>-eause of disability June 1, 1864. 
William C. Huy, enl. Sept. 30, 1.H6J. Promoted to Chief Musician Nov. i, 

18ta, Mustered out with the Reg. 
Henry N'eytheus, enr. as .Musician Aug. H, 1862. Promoted to Chief 

Musician Xov. 1, 186;?. Mustered out July 10. INti.'i. 



Joseph Muller, enl. Sept. 2:1. 18ia. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 1.3, WS. 
Mustered out April 30. 1866. 

John G. McCauley, enl. Sept. 25. 1863. Transf. to 2Sth Inf. July 13, 1865. 
Mustered out April 30, 1866. 

Jacob Ernst enl. Oct. 5, 1863. Disch. on account of disability at .Jack- 
sonville. Fla . June 11. 18tH. 

Jacob W. Mangold. (See Non-commissi<'»ned Staff.) 

COMPANV 11 

August J. I)ewaldt. enr. as Capt. July 28, 1862. Wounded at Chancel- 
lorsville. Res. on account of disability March 28. 1864. 

Peter F. Young, enl. as 1st Sergt. .\ug. 15, 1862. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. 
Nov. 15, 1862 to 1st Lieut. March 6, 1863, and to Capt. Dec. 1, 1863. 
Hon. disch. Dec. 11, 1864. 

.\nton Millert. enl. as Sergt. Aug. 12, 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Jan. 
12. 1S63. to 1st Lieut. Aug. 11, 18M, to Capt. March 18, 1865. Mustered 
out July 10. 1865. 

John H. Brinker, enl. as Corp. Aug. 22, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 1. 

1863, to 2nd Lieut. Oct. 16. 1863, to 1st Lieut. Jan. 15. 1864, to Capt. 
Nov. 3. 1864. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

J. Julius Sebastian, enl. as 1st Lieut. July 30, 1862. Resigned on account 

of disability March 8, 186.3. 
Gerhard H, .\lbers, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Nov. 12, 1863, 

to Sergt. Jan 1. 186 1. to 1st. Sergt. Sept. 3, 1864, to Ist Lieut. Nov. .3, 

1864. Mustered out July 10, 1S65. 

Conrad I>eubel. enl. .Vug. 14. 1862. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 26, 1862, to 
1st Sergt. Sept. 1. 1863, and to 1st Lieut. Nov. 3, 1854. Mustered out 
July 10, 1865. 

Christian Schreiner. enj. Aug. 20, 1862. Promoted to Q. M. Sergt. Sept. 

9. 1862, to 2nd Lieut? Nov. 14, 1862, to 1st Lieut. Feb. 22, 1863. Res. 
Dec. 10, 1863. 

John Mohr, enr. as 2n(l Lieut. July 25, 1862. Res. Nov. 16, 1662. 

Jacob Windelspecht, enr. as Corp. Aug. 14. 1862. Prom, to Sergt. Jan. 

1 18IV4. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 
Thomas A. Griffln. enr. as Corp. .\ug. 11, 1862. Prom, to 1st Sergt. Nov. 

21, 1864. Wounded at Gettysburg July 1. 1863. Mustered out July 

10, 1865. 

Peter Kramer, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6, 1862. I'rom. to Sergt. July 1, 1863. 
Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

Fridolin Hirz, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Prom, to Corp. June 1, 1863, and Sergt. 
Nov. 21, 1864. Mustered out July 10, iw.5. 

William F. Fathaner, enl. Oct. 9, 1862. Prom, to Corp. Nov. 1, 1863, and 
Serge. .Sept. 3, 18i>4. Wounded at Devaux Neck Dec. 29, 1864. Mus- 
tered oui July 10, 1865. 

Charles F. Bruggemeier. enl. Aug. 22. 1862. Prom, to Cori>. Nov. 12. 
186:). Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

Augustin Penser, enl. .\ug. 19. 1862 Prom, to Corp Jan. 1, 1.864. Mus- 
tered out July 10, 1865. 

John Rothermel. enl. .Aug. 18. 1862. Prom, to Corp. May 1, 18«. Mus- 
tereil out July 10. 1865. 

Daniel Seachrist. enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Prom to Corp .May 1, 1864. Mus- 
tered ont July 10, 1865. 

Andrew Lieber. enl. .\ug. 18, 1862. Prom, to Corp. Sept. 3, 18f4. .tlus- 
tered out July 10, 1865. 

Emil Zeidler, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Prom, to Corp. Nov. 1, 18tM. Mustered 
out July 10, 1865. 

Edward Weiss, enl. Aug. ", 1862. Prom, to Corp. Jan. 15, 1865. Mustered 
out July 10, 1865. 

Conrad F. Hornung. enr. as Musician Aug. 6, 1862. Mustered out with 
the Reg. 

.lohn .\lhert, enl. .\ug. 19, 1862. Taken prisoner at Gettysburg July 1, 
186:i. Rejoined the Co. Oct. 20. 1863. Mustered out July 13, 18«5. 

-Melcheor Amsler, enl. Aug. lit, 1862. Wounded at Chancellorsville 5Iay 
2, 1863. 

Henry Althoff, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

Gottlieb Brown, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Mustered out July 13, 1866. 

Jacob Bless, enl. Aug. 21, 1862. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

18 



Charles Bohn, enl. Aug. 20, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Martin Diehlman, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Mustered out July 10, 186.5. 
Henry Eichler, enl. Aug. 5, 1862. Wounded at Devaux Neck Dee. 29, 

1864. Mustered out July 10. 1865. 
.Jacob Furst, enl Aug. 12. 1862. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 
Andre Hug, enl. .\ug 9. 1H02. Mustered out July 10, 1865, 
Converse J. Hill, enl. Aug. 17, 1862. Mustered out July 10, 1865, 
.Mathias Hildebrand, enl. Aug 13, 1862 Mustered out July 10, 1865. 
John H. Hill, enl Mig. 22, 1862. Mustered out July, 18T5. 
Jean Hodel, enl Sept. 9. l'?62. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 
John Hemmei ling, enr. as Sergt. Xug. 18,1862. Mustered out July 10- 

1865. 
Henry Henshen, Aug. enl. 23, 1862. Taken prisoner at Gettysburg July 

1,1863 Rejoined the Co. Oct. 20, 1863. Mustered out .July 10,1865. 
Valentine Ki sel, enl. Aug. 8, 1862 Mustered out ,fuly 10, 1865. 
Peter Koch. enl. .\ug 8, 1862. Mustered out July 10. 1 63. 
Michael Kirchner, enl Aug 18. 1.862 Mustered out July 10, 1863. 
William F. Krug, enl. Aug. 16. 1862. Missing since battle of Chancellors- 
ville. May 2, 186;. 
Lewis Watson, enl. .\ug. 20, 1862. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 
Jobst H. Mueller, enl. .\ug. 22, 1862. Missing since Gettysburg 
Henry Splate. enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 
.\ugust H. Stohlman. enl. Aug. 22. 1862. Mustered out June 13. 1865. 
John H. 8tiegelweier, enl. Aug. 22. 1862. Mustered out July 10. \»a. 
John Stahl. enl. .\ug. 12, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Augustin Selig, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Mustered out July 10. 1865. 
Henry Stehr. enl. .\ug. 18. 1862. Mustered out .July 10, 1863. 
.John Schneider, enl. Aug. 20, 1862. Mustered ou» .July 10, 1S63. 
Frederick Fitzemeier, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Mustered out July 10. 1.S63. 
Philip G. Vosselmann, enl. Aug. 21. 1862. Mu^^tered out July 10. 1865. 
Lewis H. Weisenborn, enl. .\ug. 18, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Peter Weber, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Mustered out Jidy 10. 18(i5. 
Henrj- Wacker, enl. Aug. 20. 1862. Mustered out July 10. 1865. 
Conrad Weiss, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Mustered out June 30. 1865. 
Lewis Able. enr. as Corp. Aug. 11, 1862. Disch. on account of disability 

March 11. 1803. 
Peter Hoffman, enl. .4ug. 14, 1862. Promoted to Corp, .4pril 1, 1862. Dis- 
charged because of wounds received at Gettysburg. July 2, 1863. 
Adam Biadenstein. enl. Aug. IS, 1862. Disch. for disability May 15. 18:!6. 
Saul Demoline. enl. Aug. 2 , 1863. Disch. for disability Dec. 4, 1862. 
Christopher Goetz, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Disch. fordisability July -23. 186:5, 
Martin Holzbauer. enl. Aug. 19, 1862. Disch. for disability Oct. 26, 1863. 
Joseph Kol. enl. .\ug. 1.3. 1862. Disch. for disability March 18, 1863. 
Frank Lang. enl. Aug. 15, 1862. Disch. for disability Jan. 5, 1864. 
John Law, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Disch. for disability April 2;-, 1863. 
Gustav Priefer, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Disch. for disability June 10. 1864. 

Wounded at (iettysburg.'July 1, 186-3. 
Frederick Rok, enl. Aug. 19, 1862. Disch. for disability July 24, 1863. 
Leonhart Reinhart, enl. Aug. 19,1862. Disch. for disability March 18, 

1803. 
Gerhart H. Schreiber, enl. Aug. 4, 1862. Disch. for disability June 15, 

1865. 
Frederick H. Toensing. enl. Aug 22, 1862. Lost a leg at Gettysburg, July 

1st, and ivas disch. in consequence July 15, 1863. 
Abraham C. Langacre, enl. Aug. 16. 1862. Disch. for disability June 25, 

1865. 
Joseph Livingston, enl. Dec. 3, 1863. Mustered out July 13, Ihib. 
Henry Young, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 16, lf62. Wounded at Gettysburg 

July 1, 1863. Was transf. March 7, 18f4 to the Invalid Corps. 
John W. Joven. enr. as Musician JIarch 17, 1864. Transf. to 25th Inf. 

July 2, 1865. Mustered out 30th .\pril. 1866. 
Stephen Alge, enl. Oct. 9, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 1, 186.3. Transf. 

to 25th Inf. July 2. 18t!5. Disch. at expiration of term Oct. 9, 1865. 
John Fry, enl. Aug. 4, 1862. Mustered out July 18. 1865. 
Gustav A, .\ugspuiger, enl. Sept. 30, 1862. Transf. to 25th Inf. Jul.v 2, 

1865. Disch. at end of term Oct. 9, lf65. 
Patrick Calalian, enl. March 17, 1864. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865. 

Mustered . ut .\piil 30. 1866. 
Alois Daul, enl. .\ug. 13, 1862. Transf. Marc h 15. 1m;4, to Invalid Corps 

Mustered out.mne 26, 18ii5. 
Patrick Dillon, enl. Nov. 12, 1863. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865. Disch 

Feb. 24, 1866. 
Ernst H. Fblhauer, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg July 1. 

1863. . Trans. Jan. 10, 1865, to Invalid Corps. Mustered out June 17. 

1865. 
Gabriel Fertig, enl. Oct. 7, 1862. Transf. to -i'lih Inf. July 2, 1865. Mus 

tered out .\ug. 1, 18(K. 
Henry Fight, enl. Dec. 21, IMS. Transf. to 2.">th Inf. July 2, l.%.j. Mus, 

tered out .Vpril W. 1H66. 
James Goudy. enl. Nov. 27, \Ha. Transf. to illh Inf. July 2, 1N6S. Mus- 
tered out .\pril 30. lwi6. 
Andrew Ganter, enl. Aug. 1, I^C4. Trantf. to 2.5th Inf. July 2, 1865. Mus- 
tered out .Vpril 30, 1866. 
Peter Hirz, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Transf. to 2".th Inf. July 2. 1H65. Mustered 

out -Vug. 26, ISKi. 
Anton Hillerick, enl. Nov. 21. 1fH3. Transf. to 23th Inf July 2. 1865. 

Disch. Nov. 4, 186.5. 



138 



GENERAL HISTOKY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



John H. Hqrst, enl. Oct. 7, 1862. Traust. to 2och .uf. July 2, 1863. Disch. 

Nov. 4, 1863. 
William C. Huy. (See Xon-commissioned Staff.) 
William Lauchly, enl. Dec. 13, 1863. Transf. to 35tli Int. July i. 18^5. 

5Iustered out April 30, 1866. 
Michael Maloney. enl. Nov. 13, 1863. Transf. to Soth Inf. July 2, 1863. 

Died at Chester, S. C, Oct. IS, 1865. 
John McCormick, enl. Nov. 29. 18e3. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2. 1865. 

Mustered out Api'il 30. 18613. 
George Mueller, enl. March 15, 1864. Tiansf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865, 

Mustered out April 30, 1866. 
Christoph Mario, enl. Dec. 30, 1^63. Transf. to 23th Int. July 2, 1865. 

Died Aug. 3, 1865. 
William Pluss. enl. Oct. 7, 1863. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2. 1865. Mus- 
tered out Aug. 1. 1863. 
Samuel Pfister, enl. Dec. 31, 1863. Transf. loasth Int. July 2, 1865. Mus- 
tered out April 30, 1866. 
William Pendleton, enl. Die. 31, 186.3. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865. 

Mustered out .\pril 30, 1866. 
James Pendleton, enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 3. 1865. 

Disch. Nov. 11, 1865. 
Frederick Prasse, enl. Oct. 9, 1862. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2. 1865. Mus- 
tered out Aug. 4. 1865. 
Henry Rasp. enl. Oct. IT, 1862. Transf. to Invalid Corps Nov. 26, 18ia. 

Clustered out Aug. 2, 1863. 
Frank Rothermel, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg. Transf. 

to Invalid Corps March 14, 1864. 
Frederick W. Schaffer, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg July 

1, 1863. Transf. to Invalid Corps Jan 10, 1863. 
John Schaab, eol. Oct. 20, 1862. Transf. to 83th Inf. July 2, 1865. Disch. 

at end of term Oct. 30, 1865. 
John Schu-ehl, enl. Sep:. 30, 1862. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865. 

Disch. Sept. 30, 18C5. 
Gottlieb Schwartz, enl. Sept. 30. 1862. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2. 1865. 

Mustered out Aug. 1, 1865. 
Julius Schoeueweg. enl. Jan. 18, 1864. Transf. to 35th Inf. July 2, 1863. 

Mustered out 30th April, 1866. 
John Traxel, enl. Dec. 31, 1863. Transf. to 35th Inf. July 2, 1865. Mus- 

teied out 30th April. 1866. 
Christian Wanger. enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 3, 1865. 

Mustei-ed out 30ih April. 1866. 
John Wanger. enl. Dec. 31, 1863. Transf. to 2.5th Inf. July 3, 1865. Mus- 
tered out 30ih April, 1866. 
Hermann Wehagen. enl. Jan. 6, 1864. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 3, 1865. 

Mustered out 30th April. 1866. 
Frederick W. Weber, enl. Oct. 7, 1862. Wounded at Chaucellorsville. 

Transf. to Invalid Corps March 15. 1864. 
Matthias Fry. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 17, 1862. Died July 18, 1.863 of wounds 

received at Gettysburg July 1st. 
Frank H. Prasse, enl. Aug. 32, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 28, 1862. 

Killed at Chaucellorsville May 2, 1863. 
John I. err, enl. Oct. 7, 1863. Killed at Devaux Neck Dec. 29, 1864. 
William H. Heiss, enl. Aug. 22. 1862. Wounded at Gettysburg, July 1, 

1863. Died of typhoid fever Aug. 22. 1863. 

John Jacob, enl. AUg. 6, 1862. Died in hospital at Cincinnati, April 22, 

Frederick Kroll. enl. Aug. 23, 1862. Taken prisoner at Gettysburg, and 

died in prison at Richmond, Va., Nov. 3, 1863. 
Christoph Riehm, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Died at Folly Island, S C Sept 

18, 1863. 
Matthias Wokaty, enl. Aug. 14. 1863. Taken prisoner at Gettysburg July 

1.1863 Died at Annapolis. Md, April 2, 18ft4. 
Christian Rebman, enl. as Coip. Aug. 12, 1863. Missing from May 2, 1863. 

COMPANY D. 

John T. Lohn, enl. Aug. 23 1863. Taken prisoner at Gettysburg July 1 
1863. 

COMPANY E. 

Otto Weber, enr. as 1st Lieut, and Adjt. Prom, to Capt. Dec. 33. 1863. 

Resigned on account of disability March 6, 1863. Re-commissioned 

as Capt. April 3. 1863, and mustered out with the Reg. 
John M. Lutz, enr. as 3d Lieut. July 28, 1862. Prom, to 1st Lieut. Oct. 13. 

1862. and to Capt. May I, 1863. Resigned on account of disability 

Aug. 30, 1864. 
John J. Houck, enl. as Sergt. Aug. 19, 1862. Prom, to 1st Lieut. Aug. 11, 

1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 10th July, 1863. 

i3eorge Kunz. enl. Aug. 8, 1,862. Prom, to Corp. Oct. 14, 1862; to Sergt. 

Nov. 1, 1.863; and to 1st Sergt. Sept. 3, 1864. Mustered out with Reg. 
Philip Geist. enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 14, 1862, and to 

Sergt, Dec. 16. 1862 Mustered out with the Reg. 
Henry Deuble. enl. as Corp. Aug. 5, l-r62. Prom, to Sergt. Aug. 34, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
John A. Feuerstein, enl. as Corp. Aug 13, 1862. Prom, to Sergt. Sept. 3, 

1864. Mustered out w.th the Reg. 
Sigmund Rosenfeld, enl as Corp. Aug. 5, 1862. Mustered out with Reg. 
John Fenz, enl. as Corp. Aug. 5, 1,862. Mustered out with the Reg. 



John Buechler, enl. Aug. 12, 18ii2. Prom, to Cor]). Jan. 18, 1863. Wounded 
at Gettysburg July 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Joseph Rothgesy, enl. Aug. 22, 1863. Prom, to Corporal Feb. 19, 1863. 
Mustered out with the Reg. 

John B. h Hen, enl. as Corp. Aug. 18, 1662. Mustered out with the Reg. 

John Busick. enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out with the Keg. 

Charles Buertner, enl. Aug. 32. 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Henry Froehlick, enl. Sept. 30, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Henry Feldkamp enr. as .Sergt. Aug. 14. 1862. Mustered out with Reg. 

Jacob Jucker, enl. Aug. 7. 1862. Muste: ed out with the Reg. 

Adam Kleinsmidt, eul. Aug. 23, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Ernst Loock, enl. Aug. 18, 1,863. Missing from Gettysburg, .luly 1, 1863. 

Henry Ruhl, enl. Aug. 31, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Emil Umlauft, enr, as 1st Sergt. Aug. 2, 1862. Mustered out with the 
Reg, 

Jacob Weislogel, enl. Aug. 7, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg, 

Philip Zenger, enl. Aug. 82, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. July 10, 
18(». 

John Schrink. enr. as Capt. .July 3,1 1863, Resigned because of disabil- 
ity Nov. 30. 1862. 

Christian Greenwald, enl. Aue. 4, 1862. Disch. for disability Jan. 5, 1863. 

Marx Haberer, enl. Aug. 22. 1863. Disch. for dij-ability Feb. 23, 1863. 

Louis Ras, enl. Aug. 80, 18.>3. Disch. tor disability Nov. 29. 1862. 

Ferdinand Schrink, enl. Sept. 12, 1862. Disch. for disabihty Dec. 16, 
1862. 

John Sanders, eul. Aug. 8, 1862. Disch. for disability July 15, 1883. 

Frederick Timm. enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Disch. for disability March 12, 1863. 

Carl Beyerly. enl. Aug. 2, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps, Nov. 19, 1863. 

Philip Schwartz, enl. Aug. 19, 1.862. Mustered out July 8, 1865. 

John Brown, enl. Jan. 37, 1864. Transf. to 35th Inf. July 8, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Nov. 7, 1865. 

Plait Benjamin, enl. Feb. 16, 1864. Transf. to 85th Inf. July 2, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Nov. 7, 1865. 

John Crane, enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Transf. to SSth Inf. July 2, 1863. Promoted 
to Corp. Oct. 1, 1865. Reported sick in Hospital March 1, 1866. 

Jocob Danzer, enl. Sept. 30, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Sept. .30, 
1863. 

George Ellsworth, enl. ,ran. 5, 1864. Transf. to 23th Inf. July 3, 1865. 
Mustered April 30, 1866. 

Christian Gobel, enl. Sept. 3), 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Sept. 1, 
1863. Mustered out June 2S. 1865. 

George Hugiil, enl. April 6, 18W. Transf. to 33th Int. July 3, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 86, 1863. 

Henry Hoffman, enl. Aug. 15. 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps July 87, 

1863, Clustered out June 36, 18(i5. 

Jacob Hanri. eul. Aug. 32, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Jan. 23, 18&4. 
Jacob Luder, enl. Aug. 11,1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps March 15, 

18t>4. 
John Mueller, enl. Aug. 21, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps March 15, 

1864. Mustered out June 39, 1,S65. 

George Ody. enl. Feb. 15, 1864. Transf. to 35th Inf. July 3, 1H65. Mus- 
tered out Nov. 7, 1865. 

Joseph Sheppard, enl. Oct. 16, 1863. 

Claus Verseman, eul. Aug. 32. 1863. Trans*, to Vet. Res. Coi*ps March 
31, WW, Mustered out June 27, 1865, 

Gotf ried Weidenkopf, enl. Oct. 16, 18i)2. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865. 
Mustered out Oct. 15, 1865. 

John Zahn, enl. Aug. 32. 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corjjs March 15, 
18t)4. 

Christian Faifel, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 14, 1863. Died July 18, 1863, from 
wounds received at Gettysburg, July 1. 

Jacob Hof, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Died July 4, 1863 from wounds rec'd at 
Gettysburg. 

John A. Lamly, enl. Aug. 2, 1863^ Died at Brook's Station, Va., May 19, 
1863. 

Anton Martin, enl. Aug. 83, 1862. Killed at Gettysburg, July 1, 1863. 

Martin Schmidt, enl. Oct. 16, 1862. Died at Spafford C. H., Va., Jan. 84, 
1863. 

Jacob Snyder, enl. Aug. 19, 1853. Killed at Gettysburg, July 1, 1863. 

Henry B:iukmau, enl. Aug. 30. 1863. Mustered out July 10, 1863. 

Andrew Gaul, enl. Aug. 15, 1863. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

Jacob Kaspars, eul. Aug. 22, 1862. Clustered out July 10, 1865. 

-Miles Jlullen, enl. .\ug. 20, 1862. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

John A, Beltz, enl. Aug. 21, 1862. Disch. for disability Sept. 23, 1863. 

Michael Tolman, enl. Aug. 32. 1862. Disch. for disability July 84, 1863. 

John Oswalt, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 3, 1864. Mus- 
tered out with the Reg. July 10, 1865. 

William Peter, enl. Aug. 7, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Henry L. Norris, enl. Aug, 33, 1863, Disch, for disability June 10, 18G4. 

Jacob Nau, enl. Aug. 10. 1863. Disch. for disability April 18, 1863. 

Frank Ruppender. enl. Aug. 5, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 19, 1863. 
and to Sergt. July 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. July 10, 1865. 

Jacob Bash, enl. Aug. 15, 1863. Promoted to Corporal January 18, 1863. 
Wounded at Gettysburg, July 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. 

Michael Frank, enl. Aug. 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg 

Jacob Halfalder, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 

John Puchola, enl, Aug, 13. 1862, Mustered out with the Reg. 



ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FOLinil INFANTRY. 



139 



Martin Ruppender, enl. Aug. 9. 18(i2. Mustered out with tlie Reg. 

Christian Linlj. enl. Aug. 15. ISiii. Disch. because of physical disability 
Marcli 19, lSii3. 

Albert Mueller, enl. Aug. 10. IsiK Traiist. to Vet. Res. Corps March 15, 
18i>l. 

Henry NVaichenand, enl, July 31, 1862. Transf . to Vet . Res. Corps Sept. 
1. l«i:i. 

Charles Jones, enl. Jan. 29. 1864. Transf. to 2oth Inf. July 2, 186.5. Mus- 
tered out SOth .\pril. lf<66. 

COMPiNV F. 

John G. Fott, enl. Aug. I, 1862. Mustered out 10th July, 1865. 
Matthias Wagner, enl, .^ug. 22. 1862. Mustered out 10th July, 1865. 
Klaus Dienst, enl Jan. i:i, 1865. Transf. to 25th Int. July 2, 1^65. 1 isch. 

at end of term Jan. 13. 1866. 
Henry Neytheus, (See Xon-coni. Staff.) 
William F, Emmert, enl. Aug 14, 1862. Disch. for disability Aug. 25, 

18»>1 Re-enlisted and promoted to Corp, Aug. 24, 1864. Mustered 

out with the Reg. July 10, 1865. 
Peter Schoiles, enl. .\ug. 18, 1862. Mustered out March IT, 1865. 
William Paol. enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Henry Bechtel, enl. Sept, 13, 1.862. Killed at Gettysburg July 1, 186;i. 
Christian Berger, enl. Aug, 14, 18r2 Died at Folly Island, Oct. 8, 1^63.] 
Christian Meier, enl. Sept. 10, 1862. Died in Hospital at Charleston. S. C, 

April 19, 1865. 

COMPANY G. 

John Bahl, enl. Sept, 19, 1862. Taken prisoner at Gettysburg, 

George Rahrig, enl. Sept. 9, 1862. Wounded at Chancellorsville. May 2. 

i>m. 

Rudolph H. Schimpflf, enl. Sept. 9, 1862. Disch. because of disabihty 

Nov. 2. I8W. 
Charles Wimar, enr. Sergt. Aug. 22, 1862. Disch, April 9, 1863, 
Thomas Walter, enl. Sept. 9, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Jan. 5, 

1864, 
George Jlerrick, enl. Aug. 22, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Coips, Aug. 'M, 

18ti8. 
Reinhard Creeger, enl. Aug. 20, 1862. Captured at Chancellorsville May 

2, ISKJ. 
Gottfried Zisky. enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Disch. for disability July Hi, 1863. 
Edward Johnson, enl. Dec. 9, 1863. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865. 

Mustered out April 30, 1866. 
Charles Lynes, enl. Nov. 16, 1864. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865 

Disch, Nov. 15, 1865. 
Joseph Juchern. enl. Oct. 29, 1802. Killed at Gettysburg. July 1, 1863. 

COMPANY H. 

August Vignos. 1 See Field and Staflf , 1 
Augustus Sohylander. (See Non-Corn. Staff.) 

Theodore Baldinger, enr. as Musician March 26, 1864. Transf. to 25th 
Inf. July 2, 1865. Disch. for disability Aug. 1, 1885. 



Louis Schoeneweg. enl. Sept. 9. 1862. Disch. Aug. 18, 1863, on account of 
disability. Re-enlisted in Co. B as priv. Dec. 24, 1863. Promoted to 
Corp. Jan. 15. 1865. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

Gottlieb Muntz, enl. Oct. 2. 1862. Transf. to 25th Inf. June 2, 1865. Disch 
Oct. 2. 1M65. 

John Schorr enl. Nov. 1, 1862. Transf. to 25th Inf. June 2, 18t)5. Disch. 
Nov. 1. 1865. 

Gottlieb Aftolder, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Wounded at Chancellorsville, Va., 
May 2, 186;). Mustered out June, 1865. 

Gordian Speck, enl .\ug. 5, 1862. Promoted to Corp. .^pril 18, 1863. 
Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

Richard Feederle, enr. as Capt. Sept. 6, 1862. Res. May 12, 1863. 

Robert Dietzold, enl. Oct. 20, 1862. Transf. to 25th Inf. July 2, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Nov. 7, 1865. 

John Ley, enl. Oct. 11, 18e3 Transf. to 26th Inf July 2, 1865. Mustered 
out .\ug. 2, 18ti5. 

ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTEENTH INFANTRY. 

This regiment liad but thirteeu members from Cuy- 
ahoga couuty. It served from the autumn of 18G3 to 
tlie summer of I860, in Kentucky aud Tennessee, 
iK'iug divided into detachments, some of wliich were 
employed to garrison block-houses, wiiile others were 
mounted and sent to chase guerrillas. The rebels 
several times attacked the block-houses garrisoned 
by the One Hundred and Fifteenth; capturing them 
aljout half the time, and being defeated the other 
lialf. A l>attalion of tliis regiment was at Murfiees- 1 



boro when it was attacked by Gen. Buford, in De- 
cember, 1864, and aided in utterly defeating the 
rebels. Eighty-three paroled prisoners of the regi- 
ment lost their lives by the explo.-;iou of the steamer 
Sultana, on the Mississippi, near Memphis. Dis- 
banded in July, 1865. 

MEMHEKS FHOM rUYAHDGA COf.VTV. 

COMPANY C, 

Orin A. Bishop, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Transf. to Co. C, 18Sth Reg. June 2T, 

1865. 
Harmon H. Bliss, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Transf. to Co. C, IWith Reg. June 

27, 1865. JIustered out Sept. 21, 1S65. 
Francis W. Bliss, enl. Feb. 13, 1885. Transf. to Co. C, 188th Reg. June 

27, 1865. Disch. Sept. 5, 1865. 
Jeremiah H. Craumer, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Transf. to Co. C, 188th Reg. 

June 27, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 21, 1885. 
Barney Conley, enl. Aug. 20, 1864. Taken prisoner Dec. 15, 18W. 
Abraham Truby, enl. Feb. 24, 1.864. Taken prisoner Dec. 5, 1864. 
John Wilkins, enl Feb. 15, 1865. Transf. to Co. C, 188th Reg. June 27, 

1865. Mustered out Sept. 21, 1865. 
James L. Cook, enl. Aug. 20, 1864. Taken prisoner Dec. 5, 18M. Mus- 
tered out May 20, 1865. 
Washington Moon, enl. Aug. 17, 1864. Taken prisoner Dec. 5, 1884. 

Mustered out May 20, 1865. 
James C. Cook, enl. Aug. 20, 1854. Taken prisoner Dec. 5, 1864 Lost on 

tlie Sultana .\pril 27, 1885. 
John Fitzwater, enl. Feb, 36, 1864. Taken prisoner Dec. 5, 1864. Died in 

prison ai Meredian, Miss., Jan. 1, 1865. 
Christopher Maley. enl, Aug, 20, 1864. Taken prisoner Dec. 5, 1864. Lost 

on the Sultana April 27, 1865. 



Albert A. Herkner, enl. Jan. 12, 1.865. Transf. to Co. G. 183th Reg. Feb. 

6, 1865. Mustered out Sept 21, 1865, 
William Peat, enl, March 8, 1864 



CHAPTER XXVIII. 

ONE HUNDKELi AND TWENTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. 

One of the Largest Three-Years Contingents from Cuyahoga— Number 
in the Regiment and in the Companies— Slow Recruiting— The Field 
Officers— Stationed at Franklin — .\ Dangerous Reconnoisance— The 
Unionists defeated— The Regiment saves the Artillery, etc.— Sickness- 
Moving to Manchester- Over the Mountains— The Begiuniug of chick- 
amauga— Furious Firing— Steadiness of the One Hundred and Twenty- 
fourth— Change of Position— The Front Line gives way— Slowly falling 
back— The Next Day— Building Breastworks- Repelling the Enemy— 
Helping Harker— The Rebels again Repulsed— <jeneral Defeat of Rose- 
crans' Army— The Retreat-Loss of this Regiment— The Capture of 
Racoon Mountain— The Advance— .attacking Mission Ridge— ( 'aptur- 
ing the First Works Up the Mountain— Complete Victory -Seven 
Cannon captured— The Regiment's Loss-Relieving Knoxville— Hard- 
sliips of the Winter— The .\tlanta Campaign— Rocky Face Ridge and 
New Hope Church— Col. Payne a Brigade Commander— Siege and 
Capture of .\tlanta— After Hood— Battle of Nashville— Subs>'c|uent 
Services— Mustered out and disbanded 

One of the largest contingents furnished by Cuya- 
hoga county to any three-years regiment was tiiat 
which entered the ranks of the One Hundred and 
Twenty-fourth Ohio Infantry. The total number dur- 
ing the war was four hundred and eigluy-eigiit; of 
whom a hundred and ten were in Co. A; three in Co. 
B; eighty in C: twenty-five in D ; tliirty-three in E; 
sixty-eight lu F ; twenty-one in O ; seventy-four in 
H ; si.\ in I ; aud si.\ty-tn'o in K. There were also 
seven in the field and staff, on the original roster, l)e- 
sides those subsenuently transferred from the com- 
panies. Thus it will be seen that Cuyahoga was rep- 
resented in every company; even in Co. I, wiiich was 



140 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



raised in Cincinnati. All the other companies were 
recruited in northern Ohio. 

Owing to the immense drain already made on the 
county, the raising of the regiment was a slow and 
arduous task; having been begun in July, 1863, and 
being hardly completed on the first day of January, 
1863, when the command marched into Cleveland 
from its rendezvous at Camp Taylor and took the 
cars for Kentucky. Its field officers were Oliver H. 
Payne, colonel : James Pickands, lieutnant-colouel : 
and James B. Hampson, (previously a captain in the 
First Infantry,) major. 

It had but seven hundred and fifty men when it left 
Cleveland, but the addition of the Cincinnati com- 
pany brought it up to the minimum regimental size. 

After a short stay at Elizabethtown and Louisville, 
Ky., the regiment went by st«amer down the Ohio 
and up the Cumberland to Nashville. Thence it 
marched to Franklin, Tennessee, which place was the 
headquarters of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth, 
until the following June. On the 5th of March 
the regiment as a part of a temporary brigade com- 
manded by General Colburn, while on a reconnoisance 
to the southward, was met by a heavy force of the 
enemy and a hard battle of two hours length ensued, 
in which the Union forces were badly defeated. The 
One Hundred and Twenty-fourth was ordered to 
guard the ammunition train, and did so with great 
fidelity, but, on that account, was not engaged in the 
main part of the fight. Although General Colburn 
and more than half his men were captured, the One 
Hundred and Twenty-fourth succeeded in saving not 
only the train but the artillery. 

During the remainder of its stay at Franklin the 
regiment suffered severely from sickness, but never- 
theless made great progress in its drill, and also aided 
in building several important fortifications. On the 
2nd of June it moved forward, and after a mouth's 
marching and countermarching went into camp at 
^lanchester, Tennessee. At Readyville, just previous 
to this, the One Hundred and Twenty-fourtli was 
assigned to Gen. Hazen's celebrated brigade, the for- 
tunes of which it afterwards shared. The regiment, 
being in a rich agricultural country, lived well while 
at Manchester, recovered its healtli, and at the same 
time maintained a high standard of military efficiency. 
On the 16th of August the One Hundred and 
Twenty-fourth moved forward with Rosecrans" army, 
crossed the Cumberland mountains, rested a fortnight 
in the Sequatchie valley, forded the Tennessee river 
on the night of the 9th of September, and the next 
day camped at Lee & Gordon's mills. After another 
week of waiting and reconnoitering, on the morning 
of the 19tli of September the battle of Chickamauga 
begun. 

While the One Hundred and Twenty-fourtli was 
standing to arms on the State road, heavy firing was 
heard on the left front. At eleven o'clock the regi- 
ment took ground to the left and then advanced 
toward the enemv. In a short time the rebel bullets 



began to whistle over the heads of the soldiers. The 
regiment immediately deployed into line of battle 
with great coolness, although every instant the rebel 
fire increased, becoming murderous by the time the 
line was completed, and although this was the first 
time the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth had been 
seriously engaged. 

The battle now raged with deadly energy. The 
regiment which is the subject of this chapter stood 
up to its work as steadily as the best-seasoned veterans 
of the army, and for hours returned the rebel fire 
with volley for volley, until all its ammunition was 
expended and it was relieved foi- the purpose of 
allowing the men to replenish their cartridge-boxes. 
This being done, they again advanced and directed 
their fire against the enemy. 

After another period of furious fighting, the regi- 
ment was placed on the left of the brigade, in the sec- 
ond line. Scarcely was this done when the front line 
gave way for a long distance, and a crowd of de- 
moralized men came rushing back through the ranks 
of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth, followed by 
the exultant confederates, who made the welkin ring 
with the well-known "rebel yell." Yet the regiment 
still stood firm, and returned their fire with deadly 
aim; being aided by two batteries on its left. On 
its right, however, the second line had also given 
way, and the One Handred and Twenty-fourth was 
also obliged to retire. It did so, however, slowly and 
in good order, delivering volley after volley, and com- 
pelling the rebels to halt and reform their lines; thus 
giving to the L^nionists time to rally, and in fact per- 
manentlv checking the Confederate advance at that 
point. 

Just at dark heavy firing war again heard on the 
left, and the regiment moved in that direction. But 
the darkness soon put a stop to the battle, and the 
wearied men of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth 
lay down to rest with their arms by their sides, only 
a short distance from the front of one of the rebel 
divisions. 

The next morning the men were up at dawn, and 
immediatelv improvised a breastwork of logs and rails, 
from behind which to check the foe. The latter soon 
appeared, and again the battle began. The rebels 
came rushing on with all their well-known impetuos- 
ity; striving with desperate energy to carry the breast- 
work and to capture a battery which was stationed on 
the right of the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth. 
But the grape and canister of the battery and the 
bullets of the regiment were too much for even the 
fiei7 valor of the Southern legions, and again, and 
again they were driven back with terrible loss from 
the slight but well-manned rampart of logs and rails. 
About three o'clock in the afternoon they gave up 
the task and retired. 

The regiment was then moved to the right in sup- 
port of Barker's brigade, and was soon in front of 
the enemy. He was crowding hard upon the brigade 
just mentioned but an accurate and sustained fire 



ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FOrRTH INFANTRY. 



Ul 



from the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth soon 
caused him to retire. The same result followed 
when he ajipeareil on tiie right: the regiment chang- 
ing front and pouring in its vollies witii deadly effect. 

But it was now nearly dark, and the battle as a 
whole iiad been extremely disastrous to tlie national 
arms. Many regiments were entirely broken up, and 
both Crittenden's and McCook's corps were so badly 
shattered that a retreat v/as deemed absolutely ne- 
cessary. Accordingly, after dark, the One Hundred 
and Twenty-fourth with numerous other regiments 
took the road to Rossville: lying in line of battle at 
that point during the night. The next day it was in 
line under artillery fire, covering the withdrawal of 
the trains. It again retreated at night, and on the 
next day — the 'i'id of September — encamped with the 
rest of the army at (."hattanooga. The entire loss of the 
already thin regiment, in killed, wounded and miss- 
ing, during tiie battle, was one hundred atid forty; 
the cvmimander, Colonel Payne, being among the 
wounded. 

At Chattanooga, the army was on half rations for 
a short time, but was relieved on the appearance of 
Grant, Sherman and Hooker, with large reinforce- 
ments from Vicksburg and the East, when communi- 
cation was opened with the north. 

The regiment took i>art, on tiie night of the 26th 
of October, in the important movement of Hazen's 
brigade which enabled Hooker to reach Chattanooga. 
The oommand slipj)ed quietly down the Tennessee 
past the rebel sentries, landed, and in spite of the 
heavy fire opened ujion it as soon as it was discovered, 
rushed up the acclivity and took possession of 
Racoon mountain, a short distance below Lookout. 
A pontoon bridge was quickly built over the river — 
notwithstanding several vigorous but fruitless attacks 
of the enemy made in the etfort to prevent it — on 
which Hooker's two corps crossed, and passed on to 
Chattaooga. 

After returning to Chattanooga and lying there 
nearly another month, the One Hundred and Twenty- 
fourth advanced in the front line of battle on the 
■23d of November, and aided in capturing the range 
of hills lying in front of ^Mission Ridge driving away 
the enemy, taking possession of his works, and imme- 
diately throwing uji fortifications facing the other 
way, toward the frowning heights of Mission Ridge, 
from which the men were annoyed, but not much 
retarded, by a heavy fire of artillery. 

Hooker's battle of Lookout Mountain occupied the 
next day, but on the afternoon of the 25th the whole 
army advanced, at the signal of si.\ cannon shots 
fired in rapid succession, and moved swiftly toward 
the great rebel stronghold of Mission Ridge, one of 
the strongest positions in the world by nature, and 
fortified by Bragg's army through months of labor. 
The advanced works of the Confederates were situ- 
ated at the foot of the ridge. In front of the One 
Hundred and Twenty-fourth there was an open field, 
over a third of a mile wide, which was swejit by the 

18 a 



fire of the enemy. The regiment pushed rapidly for- 
ward over this space, firing as it advanced, and soon 
had the satisfaction of seeing some of the rebels re- 
treat up the mountiiin. The men rushed forward 
with a cheer, cajitured the works in an instant, and 
at once opened a heavy fire on the retreating Confed- 
erates. The latter, however — those of them who 
did not fall before the Union bullets — soon reached 
the shelter of the works on the top of the ridge, 
and the occupants of the latter soon opened a mur- 
derous artillery fire on the position of the One llun- 
di'ed and Twenty-fourth. 

The situation was precarious. The commander of 
the regiment did not understand his orders to reach 
beyond the capture of the works at the foot of the 
I'idge. But the men did not feel like lying there un- 
der fire long, and in a very short time officers and 
soldiers by a unanimous impulse raised a shout and 
began scrambling up the mountain. Ciunon balls, 
grape, canister and rifle bullets came tearing amongst 
them, but on they, went, cheered by the sight of their 
comrades on either side engaged in the same task, and 
ill a short time the whole long but irregular line 
reached the top of the ridge, dashed forward against 
the rebel breastworks, carried them with scarcely a 
moment's pause, and turned the cannon which had 
defended them against their late possessors. Seven 
])ieces of artillery were the prize of the One Hundred 
and Twenty-fourth Ohio. 

Twenty-three men were killed in the charge and 
only four wounded. This was a remarkable reversal 
of the usual results, as there were generally four 
times as many wounded as killed. It was probably 
due to the fact that the rebels, stationed on the moun- 
tain, generally shot over their opponents, but when 
they did hit them hit their heads or the upper parts 
of their bodies, inflicting fatal injuries. 

Only five days afterwards the regiment set out to 
relieve Kno.xville. Longstreet, however, abandoned 
the seigc before the relieving army could arrive. The" 
One Hundred and Twenty-fourth remained in East 
Tennessee during the winter of 1SG3-4, suffering the 
numerous hardships which have made that winter 
memorable to so many Union soldiers. 

In May, 18G4, the regiment set forth on the Atlanta 
campaign. It was warmly engaged at Rocky Face 
Ridge, suffering severely in a charge against the en- 
emy's intrenchments, as it did also at New Hope 
Church, where Lieutenant Colonel Pickands was 
badly wounded. At Pickett's Mills Major James B. 
Hamiison was killed while serving on the staff of 
General Wood, the commander of the division. 

About the 1st of July General W. B. Hazen, to 
whose brigade the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth 
still belonged, was ])romoted to the command of a 
division, and Colonel Payne took his place as brigade 
commander. With its comrade regiments the regi- 
ment took part in the siege of Atlanta, and the flank- 
ing movement to Jonesborough which compelled the 
surrender of the former place. With them, also. 



14-2 



GENERAL HISTOEY OF CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 



it mai'c4,ed northward, at first in the rear of Hood 
and then passing by him. as described in the sketch of 
the Forty-first Infantry, and reaching Nashville the 
last of November, 1864. 

On the loth of December it moved forward with 
Thomas' army to attack Hood, and on the following 
day took an active part in the decisive battle of Xash- 
ville, which resulted in one of the most complete vic- 
tories won by the Union arms. 

After following Hood to Huntsville and remaining 
there several months, the regiment was sent to East 
Tennessee. Thence after another uneventful period 
it was ordered to Xashviile. where it was mustered 
out on the 9th of July. It was immediately sent 
home to Clevehnid, paid off and disbanded. 

MEMBERS FROM rlY.\HO(;A rOVXTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Oliver H. Payne, ear. as Lieut. Col. Sept. 11. 1863. Promoted to Col. 
Jan. 1, 1883. Resigned Oct. io. 1864. 

James Pickands, enr as Major Oct. 25. 1862. Promoted to Lieut. Col. 
Jan. 1, 186:3. Mustered out July 9, 1865. 

James B. Hampson. enr. as Major Jan. 1, 1863. Kilted in action at Pick- 
ett's Mills May 27. isej. 

William Treat, enr. as Sergt. Co. A Aug. 9, 1862. Promoted to Q. M. S., 
to 2d Lieut. June 17. 186:j. and to 1st Lieut, and Reg. Q. M. Jan. 1, 
1864. Mustered out .vitli Co. June 12, 1865. 

Dewitt C. Patterson, enr. as Asst. Surg. Aug. 22, 1862. Promoted to 
Surg. May 3. 1863. Mustered out July 9. 1865. 

James W. Smith, enr. as Surg. Aug. 20, 1862. Resigned Jan. 31, 1863. 

Seth D. Bowker, enr. as Chaplain Jan. 1, 1863. Resigned Sept. 9, 1883. 

Albert Lewis, enr. as R. Q. M. Pee. 1, 1862. Resigned Sept. 3, 1863. 

NO.V-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Charles C. Leonard, enr. as Corp. Co. A Aug. 10, 1862. Promoted to Q. 

M. Sergt. May 1, 1864. Mustered out July 9, 1865. 
William A. Reed, enl. Co. A. Aug. 12, 1862. Promoted to Com. Sergt- 

Oct. 1. 1S63. Mustered out July 9, 1863. 
Charles D. Collins, enr. Corp, Co. H Oct. T. 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

and to Com. Sergt. June 9. 1865. Mustered out July 9, 1865. 
James Powell, enr. as Corp. Co. H Sept. 16, 1862. Promoted to Com. 

Sergt. Dec. 1, 1862. 
Peter R. Granel. enl Sept. 13 1862. App. Hosp. Steward Nov. 19. 1862. 

Mustered out July 19, 1865. 
Eugene L. Stryker, enr. as Musician .\ug. 8, 1862. Trans, to Staff as 

Prin. Musician July 1, 18(>3. Mustered out June 9, 1865. 
George Foster, enr. as Musician Aug. 14, 1862. Appointed Prin. Musi. 

cian July 30, 186;i. Mustered out .June 9, 1865. 
. Clark A. Fish, enr. as Musician Feb. 28, 1864. Promoted to Chief Musi- 
cian June 1, 1S65. Mustered out July 9. 1865. 

COMPANY A. 

William Wilson, enr. as Capt. July 25, 1863. Resigned Feb. IS, 1865. 
Haskell F. Proctor, enr. as 1st Sergt. Co. F July 26, 1862. Promoted to ;2d 

Lieut. Co. G May 10, 1863; to 1st Lieut. Sept. IS, 1864, and to Capt. 

Co. A Jau, 8, 1865. Mustered out June 9, 1863. 
Cleveland Van Dorn. enr. as 1st Lieut. July 26, 1862. [See Co. D.] 
Alexander C. Caskey, enr. as Corp. Aug. 14, 1862. Promoted to 1st 

Lieut. Oct. 13, 18i>4. .Mustered out with to Co. July 9, 1865. 
George Doubleday. enr. as 2d Lieut. July 26, 1862. Resigned June 13, l«i>3. 
Charles D. Hammer, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 4, 1862. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Co. G May 23, 1863. 
Andrew OBrien, enl. Nov. 18, 1803. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga., May 

27, 1864. 
William O. Finney, enl. Nov. 14, 1863. Died at Clinton Cross-roads Feb. 

1, 1864. 
Thomas Maskall, enl. Nov. 9, 1863. Died at Nashville June 27, 1864. 
Jacob Segmeier, enl. Oct. 20, 1(J62. Died at Manchester, Tenn.. July 31, 

1863. 
Edward Sweeney, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Died in Andersonville prison Oct. 

25, 1864. 
Waiiam Barberic, enl. Oct. 30, 1863. Disch. Aug. 2, 1864. 
Samuel Carpenter, enl. Feb, 15, 1864. Disch. .\ug. 29, 1864, on account of 

wounds. 
John C. Durian, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Disch. 

Samuel Bates, enl. Nov. 14, 1863. Transf. to Co. D June 8, 1.865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
Nicholas Ex, enl. Oct. 28, 1863. Transf. to Co. D June 8, 1863. Mustered 

out with the Co. 



William Hudden. enl. Nov. 13, 1863. Transf. to Co. D June 8, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Richard Hudson, enl. Nov. 5, 1803. Transf. to Co. D June 8, 1863. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

William Jewett. enl. Nov. 22. 1863, Transf. to Co. D June 8, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

John McGurk. enl. Nov. 16, 1863. Transf. to Co. D June 8, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Dars Oltolder, enl. Nov. 17, 1863. Left in Hosp. at Nashville June 1. 1865. 

John Sweeney, enl. Dec. 4, 1863. Transf. to Co. D June 8, 1863. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Arthur Webster, enl. Nov. 16. 1863. Transf . to Co. D June 8, 1863. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. July 9, 1865. 

Thomas Stevenson, enr. as Corp. Aug. 12. 1862. Mustered out with the 
Co. June 9. 1865. 

William Schubert, enl. Aug. 13. 1862. Promoted to Corp. March 1, 1864, 
and to Sergt. June 3. 1865. .Mustered out with the Co. 

William Empson, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Taken prisoner Sept. 19, 1863. Par- 
oled May 22, 1865. Mustered out June 2:J, 1863. 

Isaac H. Gould, enl. Aug. 5, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

Herbert T. Green, enl. Aug. 5, 1862, Mustered out with the Co. 

Jonn W. Gould, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Died in Andersonville prison Sept. 
12, 1»64. 

Elijah Trow, enl. .Aug. 12. 1862. Died at Nashville, Tenn., March 9, 1863. 

Edwin .\, Kent, enl. Aug. 12. 1862. Disch. 

William H. Clague, enr. as Corp. Aug. 11, 1862. Transf. to Eng. Corps 
.\ug. 13. isw. 

Thomas Cowley, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Transf. to Eng. Corps Aug. 13, 1864. 

Samuel H. Quayle, enl. Aug. 6. 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 

Eugene L. Stryker. (See Non-Com. Staff, i 

George E. Goodrich, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 6, 1862. Transf to Vet. Res. 
Corps. Nov. 21, 1864, 

Charles C. Leonard. (See Non-Com. Staff.,) 

George W Wing, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Died 
Oct. I, 1863, from wounds rec'd at Chickamauga Sept. 19. 

Thomas Gifford, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Killed at Pickett's Mills May 27, 1864. 

George F. Parsons, enl. Aug. 10, 1862, Promoted to Corp. Killed at 
Pickett's Mills May 37, 1864. 

Edward G. Bartlett, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Died at 
Nashville Aug. 3, 1864, from wounds rec'd in action. 

John H, Bartlett. enl. .\ug. 14, 1862. Died at at Franklin, Tenn., March 
10. 1863. 

Adelbert L. ^'> ing, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. June 
9, 186.5. 

Richard Wykes, enl, Aug. 6. 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

Elisha M Holden, enl. Aug. 6. 1862, Wounded at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 
1864. JIustered out May 15. 1863. 

Adrian C. Stone, enl. Aug. 10, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 1, 1,'<64 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Stephen P. Wing, enl. Aug. 10. 1862. Died at Middlehurg, O., Jan 6, 
1865. 

Frederick J. Bartlett, enl. Aug. 30, 1862. Transf. to U. S. Col. Troops 
and promoted to Lieut 

Orlando H. Church, enl. Xug. 7, 1862. Disch. from Hosp. 

George H. Foster, enl. Aug. 6, 1862, Promoted to Corp. because of 
w-ounds, 

Isaac Hardy, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Disch. May IS, 1863. for disability caused 
by wounds 

William Treat. (See Field and Staff.) 

Oliver E. Ellsworth, enl. Aug. 12, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 10, I8ii3, 
and to Sergt. May 1, 18i>4. Mustered out with the Co. 

John E, Duncan, enl. July 27, 1862. Promoted to Con'. May 1, 1864, 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Zera Ellsworth, enl. July 30, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 1, 1864 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Franklin Fuller, enl. July 31, 1862 Promoted to Corp. April 1, 1865, 
Mustered out with the Co. 

John P. Lamb. enr. as 1st Sergt. July .30. 1862. 

William H. Selover, enr. as Sergt. July 31, 1862. Died Sept. 25, 1863, 
from wounds rec'd at Chickamauga. 

Elam .\. Smith, enr. as Corp. July 30, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Killed 
at Pickett's Mills, Ga. , May 27, 1864. 

Edwin N, Gates, enl. Aug. 3 1862. Wounded at Chickamauga, Sept. 19, 
1863. Clustered out June 12, 1865. 

David Z. Herr, enl. .\ug, 7, 1862. Mustered out with the Cr. 

William F. Losey, enl. July 27, 1862. Taken prisoner Sept. 19, I8(a. 

Henry Schnerrer, enl. Ang. 7, 1863. Taken prisoner Sept. 19, 1863. 

Willis Cornwall, enl. Aug. 13. 1862, Killed at Resaca, Ga., May 15, 1864. 

Henrv Kenfield, enl. .iug. 9. 1862. Killed at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19. 
1863. 

John Litchfield, enl. .\ug. 14, 1862. Killed at Mission Ridge, Tenn., Nov. 
23, 1863. 

Adam Sipe. enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 19, 1863. 

Benjamin Herr, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Died at Nashville Aug, 12, 1864. 

Hiram Thompson, enl. Aug. 11. 1863 Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Nov. 
1>6-). 

David Yost, enl. Aug. 12. 1862. Died at Nashville, Tenn., .April 11, 1863. 

Edward Brainard. enl. Aug. 14. 1863. Disch. Sept. 12, 1864, 



ONE nUxN'DKEI) AND TWENTY-FOURTH INFANTRY. 



143 



(iforge J. Duncan, enl. July 27, 1868. Disch. July 13, 1883. 
HeMi-ge H. Gat«s. fill. Aug. 14, ISHi. Disoh. at Manchester, Tenn. 
Cliristiaii Lin«lei-. enl. Aug. 3, ISBi. Discb. May 11. isii.'i. 
Theodore A. Selovi-r, enl. July 27, im-i. Disch. Feb. 10. \m3. 
Heuiy B. Wallace, enl. Aug. 3. ix&i. Disch. June 16, is«.j. 
Sauforil R Braiiiaid. enl. .\ug. 5. 18i>-3. Tiaiisf. to the Invahil Corps. 
George W. Brown, enl. .\uk. 11. ISM. Transf. to the Invalid Corps. 
Edwin Foote, enl. Aug. 14. 1*6-.'. Transf. to Invalid Corps Feb au, 1804. 
George Foster. (See XonCom. Staff, i 
Daniel Herr, enl. Au^. 7. 18«i. Trans, to VeL Res. Corps. 
Ralph H. Shepard. enl. Aug. 14. 186-3. Transf. 1 1 Vet. Res. Corps. 
Michael Beck, enl, Xov. 18, 1863. Transf. to Co. D June 8, 1865. Mus- 
tered out Julv 9, 1SB.V 
Ellen W. tiarzee, enr. as Corporal Aug. 11, 1882. Died at Chattanooga, 

Teuii., Nov. 12. 13(!3, from wounds reed in action. 
Leivis .M. Watkins, enl. Aug. 14. 1.S62. Mustered out with Co. June 9, 1865. 
Charles Ciibbs, enl. Aug. 10, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps March 2, 

1884. .Mustered out June 39. 1863. 
Jacob Vo-ler, eul. Aug. 11, 1862. Died at Kno.\ville, Tenn. March 4, 1864. 
Gottlieb Reuss, enl. .\ug. 11, 1862. Promoted to Corporal April 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. June 9, 186.). 
Wilbur F. Russell, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Died at Nashville, Tenn., March 17, 

IStB. 
Oscar Van Avery, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out with Co. June 9, 1863 
Elvert M. Shepard, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Charles E. .\ustin, enl. Aug. 14, 1802. Disch. from Hosp. 
Orlando Austin, enl. Aug. 14, I8ii2. Disch. from Hosp. 
Samuel H. .\iiies, enl. .\ug. 14, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Chauncy D Hall, enl. Aug 11, 1862. Disch. 

,lob Hamlin, enl. Aug. 14, :.862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Nov. 21, 1804. 
Thomas Hammond, eol. Aug. 14, 1862. Promoted to Corp. June 3, 1H63. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Peter Kyser, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Gilbert C. Porter, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Disch. May 

28. 1805. 
William A. Reed. {See Non-Com. Staff.) 
Andrew K. Rose, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Promoted to Corp. May 1, 1804, and 

to Sergt. Aug. 1, 1864. Mustered out with Co. 
Ozias C. Smith, enl. Aug. II, 1862. Disch. Aug. 13, 1863, for disability. 
Harrison F. Henry, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6. 1S62. Promoted to Sergt. 

Killed at Chickamauga, Ga., Sept. 19, 186.3. 
Andrew Crittenden, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Promoted to Corp. March 1. 1864. 

Taken prisoner ,Jan. 19, 1865. 
,1'ilin Lovejoy, enl. Aug. 15. 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Bryan, enl. Aug. 4, 1862. Wounded at Chickamauga Sept. 19, 

1803. Sent to Hosp. at Cleveland. O. 
John Hogeman, enl. Aug. 9, 1802. Mustered out with the Co. 
Gottlieb Schwartz, enl .\ug. 9. 1802. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jonathan Wyeth. enl. .\ug. 4, 1802. Died at Annapolis, Md., Dec. 2, 1863. 
George N. Miner, enl. Sept. 5. 1S62. Disch. Jan. 19, 18»)5, on account of 

wounds 

COMPANY B. 

Charles D Hammer, enr. Sergt. Co A, Aug. 4, 1862. Prom, to 1st Lieut. 

Co. G. May 23. 186:1 Transf to Co. B June 3. 1805 Mustered out 

June 9, 1863. 
Alfred Bowman, enl. Sept .30, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. June 9. 

1863. 
John M. Bowman, enl. Oct. 2(1, 1862. Transf. to Co. E Mustered out 

June 30, 180.^. 

COMPAXT C. 

Robert Wallace, enr. as Capt. Oct. 13, 1862. Resigned May 19, 1803. 
Daniel Straltou, enr as 1st Lieut. Oct. 15, 1862 Promoted to Captain 

Jlay 20, 18ft). Resigned Oct. 25, 1863. 
.lohn B. Irwin, enr. 2nd Lieut. Co. G. Nov. 13, 1862. Prom, to Capt. Co. 

C, April ». I8ft4. Died June 24. 1864, of wounds received in action 

June 12th. 
James T. McGinness, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Co. H, Sept. 29. 1862. Prom, to 

1st Lieut Co. F, April 17. 1S6:!, and to Captain Co. C. Jan. 20, 186,5, 

Mustered out July 9, 1565. 
Samuel B. Payne, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Co. H, Aug. 2, 186:). Prom, to 1st 

Lieut. Co. 0, Sept. 18, 1864. Killed in action at Nashville, Dec. 16, 

18114. 
John O'Brien, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Oct. 13. 1862. Resigned April 21, 186,3. 
John P. Lamb, enr. 1st Sergt. Co. A, July :jO, 1802. Prom, to 2nd Lieut. 

Co. C, May 19. WiS. Resigned June 20, 1S63. 
John Stevens, enr. as 1st Sergt. Sept. 20, 1862. 
David Shaughnessey, enl. Oct. 16. 1862. Promoted to Sergeant Dec. 10 

1S0,3. Mustered out with the Co. July 9. 1865. 
William Rediiep, enl. Oct. 15, 1862. Promoted to Sergeant Feb. 1, 1865, 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Montgomery, enr. as Corj). Sept. 30, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. 

June 1, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
Edward Murphy, enl. Sept. 27, 1862. Promoted to Corporal Feb. I, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
James Roche, enl. Dec. 2<>. 1802. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 1, IS<>3. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 



Melvin L. Shepard, enl. Sept, 30, 1862. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1808. 

Mustered out with th« Co 
Isaac Taylor, enl, Sept. 25. 1862, Promoted to Corp. June 1. 1805 Mus 

tered out with the Co. 
Joseph Benson, enl. Feb. 10, 1884, Promoted lo Corporal June 1, 1863. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel J. Brown, enr. as Musician Sept. :)0, 1862. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
William Lathrop, enr. as Musician Feb, 8. 1864. Mustered out with Co 
George W. Andrews, enl. Feb. 20, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Davis, enl. Nov. 20, 1862. Mustered out May :)0, 1863. 
Lyman Fuller, enl Dec. 17, 1863. Wounded May 14, 1864. Mustered out 

July 10, 1863. 
Frederick Goode, enl. Feb. 10, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Luke Green, enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Joyce, enl. Dec. 3, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Lingera, enl Jan 27, 1804. Mustered out June 24. 1865. 
Richard Lee. enl. Oct. 15, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
James McDonald, enl. Sept. 15, 1862. captured at Chickamauga, Sept. 

19. 180:1. E.ichanged and sent to Camp Chase, O., May 3, 1805. Mus- 
tered out I uly 8, 1803, 
Timothy Mahoney, enl. Dec. 3, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Newnham, eul. Nov. 29, 1862. Wounded Dec. 10, 1864. Mustered 

out June 3, 180). 
William Quigley, enl. Sept. :)0, 1802. Captured at Dandridge, Tenn. Jaoi 

19. I.'i64. Exchanged and sent to Camp Chase Dec. 1, 1864. Mustered 
out May 29, 1803. 

Riley L. Rood, eul. Feb. 20. 1804. Mustered out with the Co, 

Jacob Ryde, enl. Sept. 30, 1W02. JIustered out with the Co. 

William tjhanley, enl. Jan. 14. 18ii4. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles E. Styre, enl. Dec. 20, 1.863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Martin Smith, enl. Sept 30, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

AmosC. Sexton, eul. Oct. 16, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

Robert K. Wilde, enl. Sept. 30, 1K02, Mustered out with the Co. 

John Lynch, enr. as Corp. Sept. 17, 180;. Died in rebel prison at At- 
lanta, Ga., Aug. 13, 1864. 

Reuben B, Abbey, enl. Sept. 30, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Died at Nash- 
ville, Tenn., Feb. 10, 1864. 

Orange E. Bushon, enl. Feb. 13, 1804. Killed in action May 27, 1804. 

Michael Ducey, enl. Jan. 16, 1864. Killed in action May 27, 1864. 

James W. Forsyth, enl. Oct. 18, 1862. Died in hospital at Cleveland, O., 
Nov. 25, 1862. 

John Fritz, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Died Nov. 28, 1863, of wounds received at 
Chattanooga. 

Samuel Ferguson, enl. Feb. 2, 18ii4. Died at Jeffersouville. Ind,. May 31, 
1804, 

John Hopwood. enl. Oct. IT, 1802. Died at Nashville. Tenn,. Aug., 1864 
from wounds received in action, 

Thomas Johnson, enl, Sept. 17, 1862. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Feb. 
28. 1.S64. 

Charles A. MoBane, enl. Sept. 30, 1862. Died at Nashville, Tenn. 

James MoCort. enl. Sept. .30. 1862, Died at Nashville. Tenn., June 29, 
1864, from wounds received in action, 

James Mcintosh, enl. Dec. 29. 1802. Died at Chattanooga Nov. 20. 1863. 

Arthur Quinn, enl. Sept. 30, 1802. Died at Dover, Tenn., Feb. 5, 1863. 

Patrick Jlurphy, enl. May 17, 1804. Died in Anderspnville prison .^pril 
14. 1863, 

John Ray, enl. Aug. 1, 18C3. Killed in action at Nashville. Tenn., Dec. 
10, 1804. 

Thomas Willey, eul. Nov. 22, 1H02, Died from wounds reed at Chicka- 
mauga, Dec. 10, 1863. 

Egbert Hicks, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Nov. 22. 1864. 

Josiah M. Holt, enr. as Sergt. Sept. .30, 1862. Disch. for disability May 

20, 186:). 

Frank Roche, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 22, 1862. Disch. for disability, 

John R, Tudor, enr. as Corp. Oct. 9, 1862. Disch. for disability Aug. 1. 

1864. 
Thomas C. Ault, enl. Sept. 30, 1882. Disch. June 10. 1805. 
William W. Gushing, enl. Sept. ,30, 1803 Transf. to liith Inf 
John D. Cole. enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Disch. on account of wounds reed in 

action, March 5, 1863. 
James Cullerton, enl. Oct. 16, 1862. Disch. for disability. July 19, 1864. 
John A. Dodion. enl. Nov. *), 1863. Disch. for disability. May 10th, 1865. 
Henry L. Engleson. enl. Jan. 28, 1884. Mustered out May 13, 1865 
Thomas S. Gardner, enl. Jan. 8, 186:). Disch. for disability March 18, 1863, 
Alfred L. Jago. eul. Sept .30, 1862. Disch. for disability March 10, 1864, 
John H, Jennings, enl. Sept, .30, 1862. Disch. Nov. 22, 1862. 
John McWilliams. enl. Jan. 22. 1884. Disch. for disability. 
Patrick Joyce, enl Dec. 3, 1863. Disch. on account of wounds reed in 

action May 24, 1865. 
William A. Lowrie. enl. Feb. 22, 1864. Disch. April 15, 1865. 
Hugh McGuckin, enr. as Corp. Sept. 10. 1862. Diseh. because of wounds. 
Reuben Ritter. enl. Sept. :jrt, 1862. Disch. for disability. 
William Rayen. enl. Oct. 30. 1862. Disch for disability April 10, 1863. 
Franklin Stillson. enl. Sept. :)0. 1862. Discu. for disability Nov. 16, 186:). 
Henry Slack, enl. March 1, 1864. Disch. fordisabiliiy Sept 8, 1884. 
Wallace Walworth, enl. Dec, 30, 1863, Disch, May 2H, 18IS5, 



144 



OEXERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 



Dexter Lane, enr. as Sergt. Sept. iT, 1863. Trans, to Vet. Res. Corps. 

George Fox, enl. Sept. 30, 1868. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 

Clark A. Fish. [See Non-commissioned Staff.] 

Jacob Money, eol. Sept. 30, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 

Richard Putt. enl. Sept. 36, 1863. Wounded and sent to Columbus, O.. 

Sept. 4. 1861. 
James Walsh, enr. as Corp. Sept. 30, lf62. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps 

April 38. 1864. Mustered out Aug. 1, 1865. 
John Anderson, enl. Dec. 7, 1863. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Aug. 10, 1864. 

COMPANY D, 

Cleveland Van Dorn. enr. as 1st Lieut. Co. .A .July 36, 1862. Promoted to 

Capt, Co. D Aug. 8. 1864. Mustered out with Co. June 9, lSt;.5. 
Hiram H. Bowman, enl. Dec. 34, 1863. Promoted to I'orp. Jan. 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. July 9, 1865. 
Herbert W. Ashford. enl. Dec. IT, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Herman E. Beckwith, enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Theodore R. Evans, enl. Dec. 29, WA Mustered out June 23. 18fS. 
Albert E. Hudson, enl. Feb. 18, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Jones, enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Left in Hosp. at Cleveland, O., Dec. 13, 

■ 1864. 
George Johnson, enl. Dec. 22. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Mossier, enl. Jan. 8, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ananias Mossier, enl. Ian. 4, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Franklin Myers, enl. Dec. 27. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Arthur JIurphy. enl Dec. 38, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Orlando Porter, enl. Dec 1", 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Augustus Raser, enl. Dec. 34, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Redecar, enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Mustered out with the Uo. 
Henry Schoenholtz. enl. Dec 11. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Nelson Vond, enl. Dec. 21. 1863. Mu.stered out with the Co. 
Charles Watkins, enl. Jan. 33, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Hudson, enl. Dec. 11, 1863. Killed at Pickett's Mills, Ga., May 27, 

1864. 
Edward Homan, enl. Aug. 23, 1863. Died at Bulls Gap, Tenn., April 33, 

1865. 
Michael O'Donovan, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Disch. (or disability Dec 27, 1864. 
Daniel DriscoU, enl. Dec. 11, 1863. Disch. for disability Maroh 39, 1865. 
Frank W. Smith, enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Disch. June 

7. 1865. 
John King. enl. Jan. 23, 1864. Disch. on account of wounds rec'd May 

16, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Thomas J. Carron enr. as 1st Lieut. Oct. 89, 1863. Resigned Jan. 10, 1864. 
Terence A, Dempsey, enl. as Sergt. Co. H Sept. 19, 1862. Promoted to 

3nd Lieut. Co. D June 19. 1863. and to 1st Lieut. Co. E March 8, 1864. 

Killed before Nashville. Dec. 16, 1864. 
William Carron, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 20, 1862. Died June 23, 1863. 
Josiah Flick, enr. as Corp. Oct. 8, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Disch. for 

disability May 8, 1863. 
Peter Burkett, enr. as Corp. Oct. 16, 1862. Disch. for disability Feb. 13, 

1865. 
Frank Hartman, enr. as Musician Oct. 13, 1863. Disch. June 13, 1865. 
Albert Alleman. enl. Oct. 10, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. July 9, 

186.5. 
Harold A.. Cores, enl. April 18, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 6, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Sholl, enl. May 15, 186,3. Promoted to Corp. Feb. «, 1865. Mustered 

out with the Co . 
James Benson, enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
John M. Bowman, enl. Oct. 30, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel Euchre, enl. May 12. 1863. Taken prisoner May 27, 1864. 
Christopher Houghton, enl, Oct. 4, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
John W. Harper, enl. Feb. 14, 1863. 

William Lawless, enl. .luly 6. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Louis Mogler, enl. May 23, 1863. Mustered fiut with the Co. 
Jacob Sutton, enl. .April 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Peter Spangler, eol. Oct. 10. 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Turner, enl. April 2;^, 186:3. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Thomas, enl. May 9, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Myron Crocker, enl. Oct. 9, 1863. Died at Nashville, March 3D, 1863. 
CarroUton Romengoburg, enl. May 19, 1863. Killed near Dallas, Ga., 

May 27, 1864. 
Zenas Parker, enl. April 18, 1863. Died in Andersonville prison Sept. 14, 

1864. 
Ira Wade, enl. April 35, 1863. Promoted to Corp. July 1, 1863. Killed at 

Chickamauga Sept. 19, 1864. 
Thomas Baker, enl. Oct. 16, 1862. Disch. for disability July 6, 1,864. 
William T. McDowell, enl. Sept. 30, 1862. Disch. from Ho-p. March 25, 

l.-<li5. 
Michael Rourke, enl. Sept. 30, 1862. Disch. for disability Dec. 26, 1862. 
William Stoner, enl. Oct. 15, 1862, Disch. for disability Dee. 26, 1862, 
James Sweeney, enl. May 11, 1863. Disch. for disability July 30. 1864. 
James Larkin, enl. Oct. 23,1862. Promoted to Corp. Disch June 20, 

1863. 
James McGuire. enl. Oct. 19, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 



Richard Reed, enl, Oct. 21, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 
John Stagmire, enl. May 8, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 

COMPANY F. 

Horace E. Dakin, enr. as Capt. Oct. 3<l, 1S63. Resigned March 1, 1863. 
John C. Smith, enr. 2d Lieut. Co. I, Jan. 30, 1863. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 
Co. C, March 12, 1864, and to Capt. Co. F, Feb. 23, 1865. Mustered 
out July 9, 1865. 
Sherbourne B. Eaton, enr. as 1st Lieut, and Adj't Oct. 1, 1862. Pro- 
moted to Capt. Co. F. Nov. 23, 1863. Resigned Nov. 3. 1864. 
Andrew J. Moulton. enr. as 1st Lieut. Oct. 30. 1862. Resigned March 4, 

186:3. 
Oliver P. Mcllrath, enr. as 3d Lieut. Sept. 1, 1863. Resigned .Ian. 27, 

1863. 
John E Crandall enr. as Sergt. Aug. :30. 1862. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

April 1. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. July 9. 1865. 
Charles Hammond, enl. Sept. 35, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
George Butler, enl. .^.pril 39. 1863. Promoted to Sergt. March 1. 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Williams, enl. May 5, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Sylvester Adams, enl. Oct. 13, 1852. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
John Bently, enl. Dec. 11, 1863. Promoted to Corp May -30, 1865, Mus. 
tered out with the Co. 

Mason Ketchum, enl. Sept. 9, 1862. Promoted to Corp. May 30, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

James A. Bowers, enl. May 26, 1863. Promoted to Corp. June 12, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

John Cisco, enl. May 6, 1863. Promoted to Corp. June 13, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

James Lennon. enl. Jan. 36, 1864. Promoted to Corp. June 13. 1865. 
Mustered out wi h the Co. 

Alfred Curtis, enl. May 1, 1863. Promoted to Corp. June 13, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Samuel Chapman, enr. as Musician Sept. 12. 1863 Mustered out with 
the Co. 

Almon Aiken enl. Oct. 15, 1863. Jlusfered out with the Co. 

Joseph Beach, enl. Aug. 29, l.%3. Mustered out with the Co. 

Hugh BucKley, enl, Sept. 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Robert Bennett, enl. Oct. 7. 1868. Taken prisoner Sept. 9. 1863. 

Adam Babb. enl. Nov. 30. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

William Crosby, enl. April 39. 1863. Mustered out with theCo. 

Leonidas N. Crossland, enl. March 14, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles Coates, enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out June 8, 1865. 

Adam Dinges, enl. April 39, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Levi Forsyth, enl. Sept. 15. 1862. 

John Jlitchell, enl. March 20, 1863. Taken prisoner Jan. 30, 1864. 

Deter Nicholas, enl. Feb. 29. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Michael Rvan. enl. March 24. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Christopher Smith, enl. Oct. 19, 1863. Wounded May 37. 1864. 

Christian Stabler, enl. Feb. 10, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Lucius Whfeler. enl. Sept. 10, 1862. 

Samuel Buckhart, enl. Oct. 5, 1863. Died Nov. lU, 1863. 

Joseph A. Beecham, enl. Jan. 27, 1864. Died from wounds. July 5, 1864. 

John W. Crapser, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 8, 1862. Killed at Chickamauga 
Sept. 19, 1863. 

Joseph Corann, enl. Oct. 14, 1862. Killed at Chickamauga Sept. 19. 1863. 

Christian Grobe, enl. Sept. 11, 1862. Died Dec. 9, 186.3. 

John Hart, enl. Oct. 18, 1862. Died Jan. 18, 1864. 

Sherman Sperry, enr. as Musician Sept. 29, 1862. Died April 14, 1863. 

James Stark, enl. Aug. 30. 1862. Killed at Chickamauga Sept. 19, 1863. 

Daniel Sherman, enl. Sept. 13, 18<i2. Died Jan. 10. 1863. 

John Thoma. enl. Oct. 3, 18<i3. Killed at Rocky Face Ridge May 10, 1864. 

Harry F. .Adams, enl. Oct. 7, 1863. Disch. for disability Dec. 39, 1863. 

John W. Baird. enl. March 39, 1863. Disch. July 38, 1863. 

Henry Chapman, enl. Sept. 18, 1863. Disch. May 31, 1865. 

Jacob Heimbaugh, enr. as Corporal Sept. 11, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. 
Disch. May 37, 1865. 

Adolphus Hunter, enr. as Corp. Sept. 20, 1862. Disch. April 2, 1863. 

Franklin Jones, enl. Oct. 6. 1862. Disch. July 18, 1863. 

Edward Jones, enl. March 24, 1863. Disch. May 2, 1863. 

Francis James, enl. Sept. 22. 1862. Disch. for disability Dec. 10, 1863. 

Frank MoUer, enl. Sept. 11, 1863. Disch. for disabiUty June 33, 1863. 

.\nthony Jleredith, enl. Sept. 11, 1862. Disch. for disability Dec. 10, 1862. 

John OMara, enl. Sept. 25, 1.862. Disch. .\pril 18, 1863. 

Charles H. Ranney, enr. as Sergt. July 86, 1862. Disch. fpr disability 
Oct. 10. 18ti:3. 

Christian D. Stellar, enl. Oct. 17, 1862. Disch. April 30, 1863. 

James V. Smith, enl. Sept. 9, 1862. Pi om. to Corp. Disch. May 33, 1865. 

Alfred N. Seuber, enl. Sept. 22, 1862. Disch. May 18, 1865. 

John Young, enl. March 39, 1863. Disch. June 16, 1865. 

Eugene W. Elliott, enl. Oct. 5, 1863. Transf. to Co. .A Nov. 1, 1862. Prom. 
10 Corp. Dec. 20, I.'-'62; to Sergt. Nov. 5, 1863: and to 1st Sergt. Aug. 
1, 1864. Mustered out June 9. 1S65. 



ONE HUNDRED AND TWEXTY-EOrRTII INFANTRY. 



145 



John H. Zerly. enl. Aug. 14, 1863. Transf. to Co. A Nov. 1, 1802. Prom. 

to Corp. March It!. 18H.3: and to Sergt. March 1, 1K(M. Mustered ont 

,Iune 9. isiw. 
David P. Hodgeman, enl. Oct. ].3, 18(i2. Transf. to Co. A Nov. I. 1W2. 

I>ieil at Nashville. Tenn., March 17, 1863. 
Joseph Hoklen. enl. Dec. 10. isia. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Jlay 1. istn. 
Haskell F. Proctor, enr. as 1st Sergt. July aii, 1863. 
Joseph Reisinger, enl. Oct. 30, 1862. Transf. to Co. G Nov, 1, 1862. Transf. 

to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Gordon Shurtliff, enl. Oct. 18, 1862. Transf. to Co. A Nov. 1, 1862. Mus- 
tered out June 9, 1865. 
James Williams, enl. Oct. 59, 1862. Transf. to Co. A Nov. 1, 1862. Killed 

at Pickett's Mills. Ga., May 27, 1864. 
Thomas Waltham. enl. Sept. 16, 1862. Transf. to Invalid Corps Nov. 1. 

1!^13. Mustered out June 28, 1865. 
.lohn N Mitchell, enl. 5larch 24. 1863. Taken prisoner Jan. 30, 1864. 
Robert Bennett, enl Oct. 8. 1862. Taken prisoner Sept. 9, 1863. 

COMPANY G. 

William A. Powell, enr. as Capt. Nov. 13, 1S62. Resigned April 23, 1864. 
James Brennan, enr. as 1st Lieut. Nov. 13, 1862. Resigned April 28, 1863. 
John B. Irwin, enr. as 2d Lieut. Nov. 13, 1862. Promoted to Capt. Co. C, 

April 8, 1864. 
Thomas Burke, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 20, 1862. Disch. June 7, 1863. 
George Evans, enl. Oct. 10. 1862. Disch. Dec. 5, 1863. 
Nelson Shurtliff. enl. Nov. 20, 1862. Disch. May 1, 1863. 
John Miller, enl. Nov. 1, 1^62. Trantf. to Co. F, Jan. 1, 1863. Disch. 

April 22, 1863. 
Patrick Welsh, enl. Nov. 10, 1862. Trarsf. to Co. C. Jan. 1, 1863. Mus 

tered out May .3il, 1865. 
Alexander Vanderniark. enl. Nov. 10, 1862. Transf. to Co. B, Jan. 1, 

1863. Killed at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863. 
John Linden, enl. Oi t. 28, 1862. Died at Louisville, Ky., June 10, 1863. 
James Hennessey, enl. Nov. 20, 1862. Transf. to Co. H, Jan. 1, 1863. 

Disch. June 10, 1863. 
William M. Parker, enl. Sept. 17, 1862. Transf. to Co. H, Jan. 1, 1863. 

Taken prisoner at Chickamauga. Sept. 19, 1863. Died in Anderson- 

ville prison Aug. 11. 1864. 
William L. Reed. enl. April 11, 1S63. Promoted to Corp. July 25, IS6.3. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Christopher Fudron, enl. April 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Ranch, enl. April 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Hiram B. Stevens, enl. April 17, 18153. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Ball. enl. March 28, 1863. Died at Nashville. Aug. 1-3, 1863. 
AlexanderBaird, enl. April 10,1863. Killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 19, 

IsfiS. 
Burton Hayes, enl. April 16, 1863. Disch. Nov. 10, 1863. 
James L. Lloyd, enl April 11, 186:j. Disch. 
John Boyle, enl. March 28, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Transf to Vet. 

Res. Corps May 23, 1864. 

COMPANY H. 

Ehen S. Coe, enr. as Capt. Nov. 17, 1862. Promoted to Lieut. Col. I96th 

Inf. March 26, it<65. 
John Sterrus, enr. as 1st Sergt. Co. C, Sept. 20, 1862. Promoted to 2d 

Lieut. Co. H, June 30, 1863; to 1st Lieut. Co. B, Sept. 17, 1864, and to 

Capt . Co. H, April 11, 1865. Mustered out July 9, 1865. 
James T. McGinness, enr. as 2d Lieut. Sept. 29, 1862. Promoted to 1st 

Lieut. Co. F, April 17, 1863. 
Samuel B. Payne, enr. as 2d Lieut. Aug. 2, 1863. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Co. C, Sept. 18. 18C4. 
James Dillon, enl. Oct. 9, 1862. Promoted to Corp. March 2, 1864, and to 

Sergt. June 10. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Allen Blether, enl, Sept. 23, 1862. Promoted to Corp. March 9, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Robert A. Denham, enl. (!)ct. 7, 1862. Promoted to Corp. March 9, 18*35. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Kugeue M. Cowdery, enl. Oct. 9, 1862. Promoted to Corp. March 9, 18i;5. 

Clustered out with the Co 
I Ijm a. Kriegman, enl. Oct. 29, 1862. Promoted to Corp. May 19, 18i;.j. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
William M. Conolly, enl. Oct. 16, 1863. Promoted to Corp. June 10, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Barllett, enl. Sept. 59, 1863. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Frank Drake, enl. March 19, 186-3. Mustered out with the Co. 
Daniel N. Dunning, enl. Nov. 30, 18ta. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Green, enr. as Corp. Sept. 16, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Leo Herrick. enl. Sept. 30, 1S63. Mustered out with the Co. 
.lames Hays, enl. Nov. 26, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas H. Jones, enl. Oct. 6, 184*2. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jacob H. Karker. enl. Dec. 1. I8<B. Mustered out with the Co. 
Felix Lafayette, enl. Sept. 24, 186;!. Mustered out with the Co. 
Reeves Lucas, enl. Nov. 3, IS<>i. Clustered out witii the Co. 
Joseph .Mitchell, enl. Dec. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Co 
Patrick McCarty, enl. Dee. 28, 186-3. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patiick Murray, enl. Oct. 29, 1863. Mustered out July 18, 1865. 
Franklin Moore, enl. .^pril 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William McCaffrey, enl. Dec. 1. 186.3. Mustered out with the Co. 

19 



Peter Moore, enlisted Nov. 4, 1863. Left sick at Nashville Aug. 19, 1864. 

Casper Ohl, enl. Oct. 7. 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

Peter Price, enl. Oct. 8, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Phelps, enl. Nov. 20, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

James Ryan. enl. Nov. 2, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

William Rogers, enl. Oct. 29, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

John H. Reed, enl. Oct. 11, 1863. Lett sick at Nashville, Tenn., Jan. 20, 

1865. 
Daniel S. Critchfleld. enl. Dec. 11. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel B. Smith, enl. Oct. 10, 1862. Mustered out May 19. 1863. 
Charles Smith, enl. Sept. 21. 1863. Left sick at (,'hattanooga Nov. 28. 1«63. 
Jacob Suitor, enl. April 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael Wolf. enl. Dec. ii, 1863. .Mustered out with the Co. 
George Wilkeson. enl. May 29, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William W. Wilcox, enl. .March 22. 186;!. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry E. Lowi ey, enr. as Corp. Oct. 7, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Killed 

at Chickamauga Sept. 19, 1863. 
Nelson Lent. enr. as Corp. Sept. 12, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Killed at 

Chickamauga Sept. 19, 1863. 
John Doyle, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 11, 1862. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., 

Oct. 10, 1863, from wounds rec'd at Chickamauga Sept. 19. 
Samuel H. Harrison, enr. as Corp. Oct. 6, 1862. Died at Manchester, 

Tenn., July 24, 1863. 
Edward Dangerfleld, enl. Oct. 27, 1862. Died at Cleveland, O., Jan. 4, 1803. 
Darwin L. Goble, enl. Oct. 7, 1862. Died at Franklin, Tenn., March 5, 

1863. 
Charles A. Gregoiy, enl. Dec. 15. 1863. Killed at Resaca, Ga., May 14. 1864. 
Sanmel Kemp, enl. Oct. 9, 1862. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Oct. 10, 

1863, from wounds rec'd at Chickamauga Sept 19. 

John McDermot, enl. Oct. 9, 1862. Died at Nashrtlle. Tenn., Jan. 1, 1865. 
PhiUp Noll. enl. Jan. .5, 18W. Killed at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864. 
William Nicholson, enr. as Corp. Sept. 17, 1862. Killed at Pickett's Mills, 

Ga.. May 27, 1864. 
John C. Huriey, enl. Sept. 24, 1863. Captured May 27, 1864. Died in An- 

dersonville prison Sept., 1864. 
David Sellers, enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., .lune 2, 

1864, from wounds rec'd May 9. 

Ephraim G. Staples, enl. April 6, 1863. Killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 

1(1, 1863. 
Terence A. Dempsey, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 19, 1862. 
Gardner Barber, enl. Oct. 8, 1862. Disch. Feb. '30, 1863. 
David W. Sturgiss, enl. Sept. 10, 186'2. Disch. July 18.;i863. 
William H. Pepperday, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 6, 1862. Disch. Sept. 15, 1863. 
Andrew Fridley, enl. May 25. 1863. Disch. Oct. 10. 1863. 
Basil L. Spangler. enl. Oct. 19, 1863. Promoted to 1st Lieut, in U. S. Col. 

troops Nov. 17. 1863. 
John A.. Foot, enl. Oct. 6, 1862. Disch. March 7, 1864. 
Jonathan L. Spencer, enl. May 21, 1863. Disch. May '23, 1864. 
Jonathan Wright, enl. Sept. 19, 1862. Disch. Oct. 10, 1863. 
William W. Webster, enl. Oct. '39, 1863. Disch. Dec. 31, 1864. 
John Nagle, enl. Oct. '35, 1862. Disch. May 23, 1865. 
Andrew Koll, enl. Sept. -39, 1863. Disch. June '38 1865. 
Charles D. Camp, enl. Oct. 10. 1862. Disch. Sept. 15, 1863. 
Thomas J. Crooks, enr. as Corp. Oct. 9, 1862. Promoted to 1st. Sergt. 

Wounded Sept. 19, isia. Transf. to Invalid Corps March 8, 1865. 

.Mustered out July 26. 1,805. 
Charles D. Collins. (See Non-Com. Staff.) 
James Powell. (See Non-Com. Staff. I 
Peter R. Granel. (See Non-Com. Staff i 
Henry JIcKinnon, enl. Sept. 23. 1863. Transf. to Invalid Corps Sept. 

26, 186 i. 
William Deitz, enl. Oct. '28, 186-3. Transf. to Invalid Corps Sept. 20, 1863. 
Thomai A. Johnston, enl. Oct. 30, 1862. Transf. to Invalid Corps Sept. 

36, 1863. 
John Mooney, enl. Sept. 3, 1882. Transf. to Invalid Corps Dec. 11. 186;J. 
Tracy L. Barnes, enl. Nov. 17, 186'3. Transf. to Co. C. Jan. 1, 1863. Died 

in rebel prison at Richmond, Va., Oct. '37, 1863. 

COMPANY I. 

John C. Smith, enr. as 2d Lieut. Jan. 30. 1.863. 

Albert A. Wilson, enl. Dec. 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Co., July 9, 
1865. 

Edgar M. Tower, enl, Nov. 27, 186.3. Disch. Nov. 1, 1864. 

Martin Ellsner. enl. Dec. '33, 1862. Transf. to Co. E, Jan. 1, 1863. Disch. 
Aug. -34, 1864. 

George Henzen, enl. Aug. 22, 1862. Transf. to Co. G, Jan. 1, 1S6;I. Died 
at Nashville, Tenn., April '3.!, 1863. 

George Reichert, enl. Aug. 23, 1863. Transf. to Co. G, Jan. 1. 1863. Pro- 
moted to Corp. Jan. 1, \><M. Mustered out July 9, 1865. 

John Shook, enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Transf. to Co. O, Jan. 1. l"^-' Mu- 
tered out July 9, l.si'o. 

COMPANY K 

Alfred Wilson, enl. Aug. 31, 1803. Transf. to Non-Com. Staff as Sergt 
Maj. March 1. 18i>5. Promoted to 1st Lieut. June 1'3, 1865. Mustered 
out with the Reg. 

Frederick Hogendoble. enl. Co. A, l'38th Int. Dec. 30, 1861. Promoted to 
2d Lieut. Co. K, 124th Reg. April 28. 1863. Resigned March 10, 1864. 



146 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



William Clark, enl, June 11, 1S6.3. Promoted to Corp. March 1, 1865, and 
to Sergt. June 10, 1805. Mustered out -n-ith the Co. July 9, 1865, 

Charles Everett, enl. Aug. li, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. March I, 1864. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Oliver Casler, enl. Se])t. 3. 18li3. Promoted to Corp. June 1. 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

John Gibson, enl. Aug. 13, 1803. Promoted to drp. June 1. 1805. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

John J. Delehanty, enl. Aug. 1, 1803. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Orin Marvin, enl. Aug. 31, 1863. Promoted to Corp. June I, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Frederick Towser, enl. July 11, 1.S0.3. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1805. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles Brainard, enr. Aug. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Loren Brainard, enr. July 30, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Nicholas .^.rn, enl. Aug. SJ, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 

Hugh Baxter, enl. July 31. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

William C. Clark, enl. July 1, 1863. Absent sick since Jlay 18, 1864. 

John Dorn, enl. Sept. IS, 1863, Mustered out with the Co. 

Peter Dorn, enl. Sept. 13. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles Emerick, enl. Sept. 2, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

George Gibson, enl. May 18, 1863. Absent sick since Sept. l!l. 1863. 

William Gunshorn. enl. Sept. 12, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Lewis Holshocker, enl. .\ug. 26, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

George R. Jumont, enl. Aug. 31, 1863. Clustered out with the Co. 

John :>liller, enl. June 11, 1863. Taken prisoner Jan. IS, 1864. 

Jacob Xaigle, enl. Jan. 2 '. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Martin Quinn, enl. Sept. 12, 1.863. Mustered out with the Co. 

James Quinlan, enl. Aug. 24, 1863. Wounded Dec. 16. 1861. 

Jacob Shaub, enl. July 23, 1863. 

Iteubeu Spencer, enl. Aug. 18, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 

Melancton Teel, enl. Aug. 24, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

AVilliam Vanness, enl. ,luly 16, 186:3. 

Henry Williams, enl. July 24, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas Wallace, enl. Sept. 5, 1S63. 

David Young, enl. ,Iune 11, 18iW. Mtistered out with the Co. 

James Clark, enl. July 11, 18(i3, Killed in action May 9, 186 1. 

Hugh Gauntley, enl. Aug. 31, 1863. Died at New Albany, Ind., Nov. 6, 
1864. 

Joseph Martin, enl. Aug. 12, 1863. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Jtarch 21, 
1865. 

William Martin, enl. June 14, 1803. Killed in action Sept. 19, l,'i63. 

Edward O'Neill, enl. Aug. IS, 1863. Died of wounds received in action 
June 24, 1864. 

John Rei, enl. Aug. 1, 1863. Died in Andersonville prison June 9, 1864. 

George Saunders, enl. Aug, 15, 1863. Died at Chattanooga Nov. 1863. 

Joseph Sims, enl. Aug. 1, 1863. Died from wounds received in action 
Oct. 1863. 

Alexander Stewart, enl. July T, 1863 Killed at Resaea, Ga., May 14, 1864. 

Thomas Thompson, enl. July 3, 1863. Killed at Chickamauga Sept. 19, 
1S63. 

William B. Thompson, enl, July 3, 1863. Died of wounds received in ac- 
tion Feb. 2. 1865. 

James McUowd, enl. Sept. 1, 1863. Promoted to Sergt, Disch May 10, 
1S63. 

John Walsh, enl. July 7, 1S63. Disch. Jlay 10, 1865. 

George Click, enl. July 13, 1.S63. Disch. for disability Aug. 28, 1864. 

John Ford, enl. July20, 186:!. Disch. Sept. 12, 1864. 

John Lloyd, enl. July 20, 1863. Disch. tor disability Aug. IS, 1864. 

Sage Nicharsou. enl. July 19, 18(»3. Disch. Nov . 7, 1863. 

William Sutton, enl. June l(i, 1,863. Disch. for disability. 

Frederick Waggoner, enl. June 11, 1863. Disch. for disabiUt,\- March 10, 
1865. 

William Kearns, enl. June 1. 1S63. Disch. Nov. 7, 1863. 

William Santeman, enl. July 19, 1S6:S. Disch. Nov. 7, 1863. 

John I'. Hennie. enl Aug 12, 18i>J. Disch. May 3, 1863. 

Adam Zeigler, enl. July 10. 1S63. Disch. Jlay 30, 1865. 

John Connell, enl. Sept. 2, 1863. Disch. May 18, 1,863. 

William Birch, enl. July 11, 1803. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 

George Jlorrison, enl. Sept. 2, 1863. Mustered out July 25, 1865. 

John Jlayberry, enl. Aug. 20, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Hes. Corps Oct. 7, 
1864. 

James W. Lyttle, enl. Aug. 10, lS6:i. Mustered out July 17, 1,865. 

Andrew Mesmer, enl. Aug. 26, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Sept. 20 
1864. 

John Mellen, enl. June 11, 1S63. Taken prisoner Jan. 1864. 



CHAPTER XXIX. 

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH AND ONE 
HUNDRED AND TWENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY. 

Formation of the One Hundred and Twenty-fifth— The Cuyahoga Repre- 
sentation—Off for Louisville and Franklin— I)riving out the Rebels 
and holding the Town— The Battle of Chickamauga— The Victory of 
Mission Ridge— A Fight in East Tennessee, etc.— Heavy Loss at Dal- 
ton, Resaea. Lost Mountain and Kenesaw— Brilliant Success at Frank- 
lin— Gen. Thomas' Compliment — Subsequent Services— Mustered out 
— Members from Cuj-ahoga Countj-- The One Hundred and Twenty- 
Eighth as Guards— The Members from Cuyahoga— The Hoffman Bat- 
talion — Services of the Regiment— Mustered out — List of Cu.vahoga 
Men. 

ONE HUNDRED AND TWEXTY-FIFTH IXFANTKY. 

This regiiiieot was recruited for three years, in the 
autumn of 18ij"2, and on the oth of October was mus- 
tered in with eiglit full companies, of which Ciivaho- 
ga county furnished one hundred and eleven men, 
scattered in small numbers through all the companies. 
Col. Emerson Opdycke was it first commander. On 
the 3d of January, 1863. the regiment left Cleveland 
sis hundred and fity seven strong, for Louisville, 
where a stay was made until January 28th. followed 
liy a move to Franklin, Tenn. Tiiei-e the enemy was 
encountered, and after a sharp engagement dislodged 
from the town. Twice — on the i'th of March and 
10th of April — the rebels attempted to recapture 
Franklin, but in both instances were rei)ulsed by the 
One Hundred and Twenty-fifth. 

Remaining in Franklin until June 21st, the regi- 
ment joined its command at Murfreesboro, and on 
the 24th began the memorable, dreary march to Hills- 
boro, whence it moved by slow stages to Chattanooga, 
where it arrived on the Oth of September, and in the 
vicinity of which it was engaged in sharp skirmish 
work until the 18th of that month. On the latter 
day the One Hundred and Twenty -fifth first took 
part in a general engagement. In the battle of 
Chickamauga, which opened on the 18tli, the regi- 
ment won such conspicuous honors that General 
Rosecrans personally complimented it, and General 
Woods cliristened it ''The Tiger Regiment of Ohio." 
On the 25th of November, the One Hundred and 
Twenty-fifth entered the field of battle for the second 
time — on this occasion at Mission Ridge — and during 
that long and bloody fight, although it covered itself 
with glory, it sustained a severe loss in killed and 
wounded. 

Marching to Knoxville and thence to Dandridge, 
the regiment fell into an engagement with the enemy 
at the latter place, on the 1 Tth of December, and for the 
better part of two days performed severe and continu- 
ous work, during which it lost thirteen men in killed 
and wounded. Directlv after this affair the One Hun- 



ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH INFANTHY. ETC. 



147 



dred and Tweut3--fiftli retreated to Knosville. where 
its ranks were reinforced by the accession of Compa- 
nies I and K, recruited in Ohio after tlie regiment 
li:id left the State. The time from December 20, 18G3, 
til Mav 3, 1864, was passed in winter (juarters at Lou- 
don and C'levehind, Tennessee. Upon the hitter day 
the regiment moved out of camp as part of the Tiiird 
bricradc, Second division, Fourth corps, and set out 
for Georgia with General Sherman, who then entered 
upon his Atlanta campaign. In the engagement be- 
fore Dalton, on the 7th and 8th of May, the One 
Hundred and Twenty-fifth was in the thick of the fight 
and lost heavily. At Resaca and Lost Mountain the 
regiment distinguished itself, and at Kenesaw Moun- 
tain — when Colonel Opdycke's promotion to the com- 
mand of a brigade advanced Lieut. Col. Moore to the 
head of the regiment — there was more severe work 
and more severe regimental loss. 

After the fall of Atlanta, the One Hundred and 
Twenty-fifth was called to Nashville, then threatened 
by Hood, and took part in the battle of Franklin; 
winning high honor and capturing eighty prisoners 
and two battle-flags. Colonel Opdycke was in com- 
numd of the brigade in which the One Hundred and 
Twenty-fifth fought, and after the battle. General 
Thomas said to him: "Colonel Opdycke your brigade 
saved the army at Franklin, and saved Nashville. "■ 
During the battle of Nashville, the regiment ren- 
dered etfective service. On reaching Huntsville, Ala., 
•lanuary 6, 1865, it went into winter quarters, whence 
it emerged on the ^Sth of March. It moved without 
active service to Knoxville, and thence, by way of 
Nashville, to New Orleans; being mustered out of 
service in Texas on the 25th of September. It then 
returned to Ohio, and was discharged at Camp Chase 
on the ITth of October, 1865. 

MEMBERS FHOM CIYAHOG.V COfXTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

George L. Wood, enr. as Major Nov. i7, isiia. Resigned April. 'SO, isi;:!, 
Henry McHeni-y, enr. as Surg. Oct. (i, IHia. Resigned June 1, 1.S60. 
Porter Yates, enr. as Asst. Surg. Oct. li. lsi',3. Resigned Ma.v li, iwi.'). 
John E. Darby, enr. as .\sst. Surg. Sept. *4, L-iiS. Trausf. to Wnd U. S. 
Col. Troops April 7, 181)4. 

NON-COMMISSIOSED STAFF. 

Lyman L. Herring, enr. as Hosp. Steward Nov. 14, lx6i. I^ied April 23, 

18113. 
Benj. F. Y'oung, enr. as Priii Musician Oct. 23, I.Sia. Mustered out 

June 9, 1KI15. 
Peter Damme, enl. Nov. 14, ima. Prnni. to Prin. 5Iusician May 50. 1S63. 

Disch. for disability May 10, WIS. 

COMPANY A. 

Thomas Richmond, enl. March 22, IS(i4. Wounded May 14, 1S«4. Trausf. 
to Co. I, June 7, 1SB5. Clustered out Sept. 25, 18(i5. 

COMPANY D, 

Orsamus Fitch, enl. March 27, ISiM. Transf. to Co. C, June 20, IS«5. 
Musteretl out Sept. 23, 1S65. 

John W. King, enl. March 81, 1«(>4. Transf. to Co. C. June 20, lS(i5. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 25, IHflS, 

George Pigott, enl. 5Iarch 7, WA. Transf. to Co. C, Juue 20. isilj. Mus- 
tered out Sept. 13, 181)3. 

Edwin Jl. Reynolds, enl. Feb. 24, INK. Transf. to Co. C, June 20, ista. 
Mustered out with the Co 



COMPANY c. 

Sanford Armstrong, enl. Dec. 15, isii:). Clustered out Sept. 35, 18il3. 

John Handley, enl. Dec. 37, lSii3. Mustered out with the Co. 

Minos RadclifT, enl, Dec. 31, 1803. Wounded Jlay 14, 181(4. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Henry Balver, enl. Nov. 1, I8(J2. Died .\ug. 29, 18(i3. 
Festus G. Tyler, enl. Oct. 23, 18(13. Died Aug. 25. I8114. 
Mark Shields, enl. ,Ian. 4, 18ii4. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Dec 29, 18tn. 
John Canii>bell, enl Dec. 28, 18113. Mustered out May Hi, 18(13. 

COMPANY I) 

Thomas Gilleii. eul. Oct. 13, 1863. Promoted to Corp, July 1, 18(13. Mus- 
tered out witli the Co. Sept. 23, 18(13. 
Andrew J. Gillen, enl. .\pril 8, 1804. Wounded May 14, 1804. 
George S. Hill. enl. Nov. 16, 1863. Mustered out Sept. 27, 1865. 
David Keck. enl. Sept. 80, 1863. Wounded Nov. 30, 1864, and sent to 

Hosp. at I levelaud, O. 
John King. enl. March 31, 1803. Mustered out with the Co, 
John Putnam, enl, Oct, 17, 180-3, Wounded Jlay 14, 1804. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
John Walters, enl. Feb. 25, 1864. Clustered out with the Co. 
Timothy Cooley, enl. Jan. 13, 1864. Killed at Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1804. 
John H. Whittake(. enl. March 1, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Mustered 

out Sept. 1, 1865. 
James Beggs, enl. March 1, 1864. Wounded Nov. 30, 1864. Disch. for 

disability May 17, 1863. 
Mortimer J. Fuller, enl. April 1, 1864. Mustered out June 7, 186.5. 
Edward JlcLane enl. Jan. 23, 1804. Disch. for disability June 31, 1863. 
George Pfaff, enl. March 3, 18W. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Nov. 24, 1804. 
John S. Williams, enr. as Corp. Oct. ;W, 1863. Promoted to Sergl Feb 1 

1865. 
Almon Hitchens, enl. April lO, 1804. Promoted to Corj). July 1. 1S65. 

Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 25, 1865. 
Frederic Allen, enl. Jlarch 10, 1804. Promoted to Sergt. Aug. 1. 1865. 

Clustered out with the Co. Sept. 25, 1865. 
Hudson Fitch, enl. Dec. 28, 1863. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Sept. 1st, 1805. 

Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 25, 1803. 



George Klein, enl, Nov. 22, 1862. Disch. May 10, 1.805. 

Charles Harbye, enl. Nov. 25, 1862. Disch. from Hosp. April 30, 1868. 

George Seigneur, enl. Nov. 14, 1863. Disch. July 14. 1803. 

Henry Schneider, enl. Nov. 22, 1803. Disch. Jan. 11, 1805. 

Claude Clere, enl. Nov. 14. 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Sept. 1, Iso;). 

Mustered out Nov. 15, 1865. 
Joseph Grime, enl. Nov. 14, 1862. Taken prisoner at Chickamanga Sept 

20, 1803. 

COMPANY Q. 

Joseph E. Pero. enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Promoted to Corp. May 1, 1864, and 

to 1st Sergt. Sept. 2, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. Sept. 25, 1885. 
James Logan, enr. as Sergt. Nov. 2, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Simpson, enl. Nov. 4, 1862. Wounded at Iiandridge Jan. 17, 18((4. 

Promoted to Corp. same day for bravery, and to Sergt. June 1, 1804. 

Clustered out with the Co. 
Christoiiher Berry, enr. as Drummer Dec. 20, 1863. 
.Joseph Gaiety, enl. Dec. 22, 1863. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Edwin Hudson, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
David Lyons, enl. Dec. 29, 1803. Mustered out witli the Co. 
James Wade, enl. Nov. 10, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Kelley, enl. Dec. 18, 1,863 Disch. May 19. IS(J5. 
Edward Nichols, enl. Jan. 11. 1804. Disch. Feb. 17, 1865. 
James Shay, enl. Dec. 13, 1863. Disch. May 19, 1X63. 
Charles Clodell, enl. March 29, 1804. .Mustered out with the Co.. Sept. 

25, 1865. 
John Dailey enl. Dec. 24, 1863. 

Charles Knapp, enl. Dec. 24, 18*3. Wounded May 14, 1801. 
Robert W. Thompson, enl. Nov, 4, 1862. Mustered out July 1, 1805. 

COMPANY H. 

Charles Leimback. enl. Nov. 8, 1802. Promoted to Sergt. Dec. 31, 1802, 

to 2d Lieut. March 3. 1804, to 1st Lieut. July 8. 1864. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Leroy Thompson, enl. Jan. 12, 1804. Promoted to Sergt. May 1, It^(:4. 

Mustered out with the Co., Sept. 25, 1865. 
Peter Damme. (See Non-commissioned Staff.) 
Nicholas Schmitz, enl. Nov. 12, 18(12. Missing since battle of Chickamau- 

ga, Sept. 20, 1803. 
Theodore Allardt, enl. Dec. 14, 186.3. 
Francis S. Krumni. enl". Oct. 17, 1863. Died at Blaine's Cross-Roads, 

Tenn., Dec. 2-t, 1863. 
Jacob Berner. enl. Feb. 2, 1804. Died at .\tlanta, Sept. 8-*. 1864. 
John Weller, enl. Nov. i<i, 1813. Died at Chattanooga, Feb. 12. 1861. 
William DeCraff , enl. Dec. 14, 18<>i. Disch. April 30, I81U. 
William Dailey, enl. Dec. 24, 18(13. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps May 19, 

1805. Disch. f.ir disability June 26. 1805. 



148 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Valentine Pflueger, enl Jan. m. 1864. Disch. June 28, 1865. 

Charles Mueller, enl. Dec. 1", 186-3. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Wounded 

Nov. 30. 1864. Disch. May 2". 1865. 
Seymour O. Wheeler, enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Disch. May 30, 1865. 
■Warner M. Caldwell, enl. Oct. 17. 1863. Disch. May 30, 1865. 
Henry Schneerer. enl. Jan. 4. 1864. Disch. May 18. 1865. 
John Weier, enl. Jan. 8, lsi>4. Promoted to Corp. Disch. May 29, 1865. 
Frederic Wagner, enl. Dec. a*. 1863. Disch. for disability April IV, 1865. 
Conrad Weddell, enl. Jan. 5. 1864. Disch. for disability May 9, 1865. 
Peter Zoller. enl. Dec. 21. 1863. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865. 
Fredericlv Wolf, enl. Jan. 12. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Seifert. enl. Jan. 6, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
August Pietsch. enl. Dec. .30, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederic Xanck, enl. Jan. ~, 1864, Mustered out with the Co. 
James L. Lowman, enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Missing since action of June 27, 

1864. 
Ernst Groehe, enl. Dec. 15, 1863. 

Charles Eckerman, enl. Dec. 28, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Anselm Meyer, enl. Sept. 25, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 1, 1865. 

-Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael Elliott, enl. Dec. 5, 1863. Killed at Kenesaw, Ga.. June 27. 1864. 
Gottlieb Schultz, enl. Dec. 17. 1.S63. Killed at Kenesaw June 27. 18M. 
Jacob King. enl. Dec. 10. 1863. Died at Nashville, Aug. 3, 1864, from 

wounds. 
Henry Thiele, enl. Jan. 5. 1864. Died at Nashville Aug. 21, 1863. 
Franz Esch, enl. Feb. 2, 1864. Died at New Albany, Ind. Jan. 10, 1865. 
George Putnam, enl. Oct. 2, 1863. Died at Galveston. Texa.s, Aug. 1, 

1865. 
William Somerby, enl. Dec. 9, 1863. Disch. May 19, 1865. 
Ehinehard Sillfieisch. enl. Dec. 28, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 1, 

1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patiick Murray, enl. Oct. 26. 18ti3. Disch. July 18, 1865. 



William W. Cushing, enl. Co. C. Sept. 30, 1862. Prora. to 1st Lieut. Co. 

rj. 125th Reg. Nov. 10. 1862. and to Capt. Co, I, May 18, 1864. Res. 

May 24. 1865. 
William Caughey, enl. Sept. 2,1863. Promoted to Corp. July 3, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 25, 1865. 
Patrick Donoghue, enl. Aug. 7, 1863. Wounded May 14, 1864. Transf. to 

Vet. Res. Corps, Dec. 28, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 11, 1865. 
Michael Goebel enl. Sept. 7, 1863. Died at Louisville, Ky., May 20, 1864, 

from wound of May 14th. 
Charles Miller, enl. Aug. 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Elden Porter, enl. Aug. 10, 1863. Wounded May 14, 1864. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Richard Roessler, enl. Sept. 5, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 23, 1865, 

and to Sergt. July 3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Albert Radel, enl. Aug. 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Gustav Seydler, enl. Aug. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
August Webber, enl. Aug. 25, 1863. Wounded May 14, 1K64. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
David Cary, enl. Sept. 2, 1863. Mustered out May 22, 1865. 
James Prince, enl. Sept. 21, 1864. Mustered out June 24, 1865. 
John Close, enl. Sept. II, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Jan. 20, 1865. 

Disch. July 19, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Alexander W. Cleveland, enr. as Coi-p. Nov. 21, 186.3. Died at Nashville. 

Tenn., March 16, 1864. 
Perry Coon, enl. Nov. 30, 1803. Died at Nashville, May 10, 1864. 
Jacob Fensterwald. enl. Oct. 29, 1863. 

Ernest Lutz. enl. Sept 16, 1863. Died at Loudon. Tenn., March 18, 1864. 
Lewis N. Robinson, enl. Nov. 27, 186-3. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Oct. 

20, 1864. Mustered out Aug. -30, 1865. 
William Sleinel. enl. Oct. 21, 1863. Killed at Rocky Face Ridge, May 8. 

1864. 
Henry Welling, enl. Nov. 27, 1863. Wounded May 14, 1864. Disch. for 

disability Jan. SO, 1865. 
Charles Meeker, enl. March 1. 1-64. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Menen. enl. March 8, 186."). Mustered out with the Co. 

ONE IirXDKEI) AND TWENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY. 

Although the One Hundred and Twenty-eighth was 
enlisted for three years of active field service, it was 
chiefly employed in guard duty within the State of 
Ohio; especially at the posts of Johnson's Island and 
Sandusky — tiie latter becoming, early in 1863, a depot 
for rebel officers detained as jjrisoners of war. 

Two hundred and ninety-nine men from Cuyalioga 
county enlisted in the reaiment, which, on the 25th 



of December, 1863, consisted of but four companies, 
previously known as "' The Hoffman Battalion." This 
battalion had been on duty principally at Johnson's 
Island since 1862, though it had furnished frequent 
detachments for field service — a brief campaign in 
pursuit of the rebels in West Virginia in 1862 being 
a part of the latter work. During its service in guard- 
ing Johnson's Island, the One Hundred and Twenty- 
eighth was actively, and sometimes arduously em- 
ployed, yet its discipline was kept to a high mark. 
While ever ready and eager to take the field, it never 
gained the opportunity for winning laurels in that 
direction, although some small detachments occasion- 
ally saw service. The discharge of prisoners having 
followed the rebel surrender in the spring of 1865, 
the One Hundred and Twenty-eighth left the island 
on tJie 10th of July, 1865, and on the 17th of the 
same month was mustered out at Camp Chase. 

MEMBEKS FROM CLYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Edward A. ScoviU, enr. as Major Sept. 1, 186^1 Promoted to Lieut. Col. 

Aug. 9, 1864. Disch. March 25, 1865. 
Junius R. Sanford, enr. as Capt. Co. E Nov. 21, 1863. Promoted to Major 

March 25, 1865. Mustered out July 13, 1865. 
Porter Yates, enr. as Asst . Surg. Jan. 5, 1864. Mustered out July 13, 1865. 
Charles C. Starr, enr. as 1st Lieut. Co. G Dec. 22, 1863. Prom, to R. Q. 

M. Feb. 13, 1865. Mustered out July 13, 1865. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

OrviUe P. Foster, enl. in Co. D. Sept. 8, 18S2. Prom, to Hosp. Steward 
Dec. 30, 1863. 

COMPANT A. 

Orlen S. Hayes, enl. as 1st Lieut, and Adjt. Dec. 22, 186:3. Prom, to Capt. 

Co. A June 29, 1865. Mustered out July 13, 1865. 
John Bryan, enl. Dec. 30, 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Jan. 20, 1865. 
John H. Brodbent, enl. Dec. 24, 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Jan. 

20, 18155. 
Thomas Burke, enl. Dec. -30, 1861. Mustered out at end of term Feb. 16, 

1865. 
Frederick Hogendoble, enl. Dec, 30, 1861. 

Peter Lent, enl. Dec. -30, 1861. Died at Sandusky, O., March 30, 1862. 
Marcus Lent, enl. Dec. 24, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 26, 1862. 
Eugene D. Jlitchell, enl. Dec. 23, 1861. 
Charles E. Ross, enl. Dec. 30, 1861. Mustered out at end of term. Jan. 

20, 1865. 
Dewitt Rees,enl. Dec. 30, 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Jan. 20, 1865. 
William Ryan, enl. Dec. 30, 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Jan. 20, 

1865. 
Samuel A. Taylor, enl. Dec. 30, 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Jan. 

20, 1865. 
Edward F. Wheeler, enl. Dec. 30, 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Jan. 

20. 1865. 
Carlysle Whipple, enl. Dec. 24, 1861. Disch. Aug. 10, 1863. 

COMPANY B. 

Edward E. Y'oung, enr. as 1st Sergt. Dec. 23. 1863. Promoted to Sergt. 

Maj. Dec. 20, IS'il, and to 2d Lieut. April 2. ;S65. Transf. to Co. K 

June 9. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. July 13, 1865. 
Stephen E. Douglass, enr. as Sergt. Jan. 25, 1862. Mustered out at end 

of term Feb. 17. 1865. 
Samuel D. McElroy, enr. as Corp. Jan. 23, 1862. 
Robert Corlett, enl. Feb. 3, 1862. Disch. for disability Oct. 31, 1862. 
Thomas Goudy, enl. Jan. 21, 1862. Mustered out at end of term Feb. 17, 

1865. 
Samuel F. Smith, enl. Jan. 21, 1862. Mustered out at end of term Feb. 

17, 1865. 
Jacob Wagner, enl. Jan. 30, 1802. JIustered out at end of term Feb. 17, 

1S65. 
Andrew F. Whitman, enl. Jan. 29, 1862. Disch. for disabihty Sept. 

10, 1862. 
Alonzo D. Wilson, enl. -U, 1862. Mustered out at end of term Feb. 17, 

1865. 
Warren Wooden, enl. Jan. 2.3, 1862. Disch. for disability Sept. 5, 1862. 
Daniel W. Smith, enl. Aug. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 



OXE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FIFTH INFANTRY, ETC. 



U9 



COMPANY C. 

Eugene D. Jlitchell, enl. Co. A. Dec. aS, ]«(il. Promotefl Dec. SI. 186:i, to 
Sil Lieut. Co. F. ami to 1st Lieut. Co. C, April «. lSi;5. Mustered out 
July 13. in«.i. 

COMPANY D. 

George Hutchinson, enl as 1st Sergt. Sept. .1, IKfiS. Pronioteil t" id 

Lieut. Mustered out with the Co. July 13, iwa. 
Charles A. Hunt, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 10, 1K63. Discli. for disability Dec. 

U. I«U. 
Jonathan B. Tuttle, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 11. isiv.' 
Isaac N. Rogers, enr. as Corp. Sept. 6, 1805 Promoted to .Sergt Dec. 

IT, 1802. 
Hugh Green, enl. Sept. il. 1W3. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out witli 

the Co. 
Charles F. Peck, enl. Sept. 5, 1803 Mustered out June 3, 1S65. • 
Lycurgns M. Poak. enl. Sept. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ebenezer King. enl. Jan. !>. 1864. Promoted to Corp. June 10, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 13. I8a5. 
Charles C. Campbell, enr. as Corp. Sept. 8. 1863. Mustered out with th9 

Co. July 13. lKG.i. 
Charles M. Ailaras. enl. Sept. 6. lsiJ3. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Edward W. Clark, enl. Sept. 10, 1863. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Scott rioane. enl. Sept. 6 1S63. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ambrose M. Gregor. enl. Sept. 9 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
.lacob Miller, enl. Sept. 11. 1803. Disch. for disability Aug. 30. 1863. 
William Phillips, enl. Sept. 10, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Orlando Stafford, enl. Sept. 8, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Sherman, enl. Sept. 9. 1863. Mustered out June .3, 1865. 
Lucas Scott, enl. Sept. 9, 1863. Disch. for disability Aug. 20, 1863. 
Orville P. Foster. (See Non-commissioned Staff. > 
Franklin S. Ferry, enl. Sept. 8. 18i53. Mustered out with the Co. July 13, 

1865. 
William G. Marshall, enl, Sept. 11. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Eli C, Holmes. enr.;as Corp. Sept. 8. 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered 

out with the Co. July 13. 1805. 
Isaac Buskirk, enl. Sept. 8. 1663. Mustered out with the Co. 
I'harles H. Bushnell. enl. Sept. 9. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel O. Crittenden, enl. Sept. 5, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry H. Penny, eid, Sept. 11, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPANY E. 

Junius R. Sanford. (See Field and Staff.) 

Henry H. Smith, enr. as 1st Lieut. Dec. 31. isos. Promoted to Capt. 

April 33, I860. Mustered out with the Co July 13, 1865. 
Edward E. Young, enr. as 1st Sergt. Dec. 33. 180.3. 
Lorenzo Horn, enr. as Corp. Dec. 18. 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. I, 

18<'i5. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry 51. Crocker, enr. as Sergt. Dec. 1.8, 186;i Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

Slay a. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Homer L, Blair, enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Jan 1. l^iK Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
William H. Railcliffe, enl. Dec. 18, 1803. Promoted to Corp. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Spencer <). .\rnold, enl. Dec. 15, 1803. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Robert Nelson, enl. Dec. 18, 1803. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
George W. Harland enl. Dec. 18. I.'<ii3. Promoted to Corp. June I. 1805. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Everett E. Taylor, enl. Dec. 15, 1863. Promoted to Corp .lune 1, 18i5. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Manning J. Axtell, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Musrered out with the Co. 
Christian Beier. enl. Dec. 1.8, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William H. Barrett, enl. Dec. 18, 180.3. Mustered out with the Co. 
James F. (^'hapin, enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph H. CarUvrlght, enl. Dec. 19, I81B. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Cole. enl. Dec. 10. INflS. Mustered out with the Co. 
Alonzo Crocker, enl. Dec. 18, 18<;3. Clustered out with the Co. 
Eugene Davis, enl. Dec. 19, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Amos Dodge, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
George L. Dayton, enl. Dec. 31, 18<>3. Mustered out with the Co. 

Eli Emmons, enl. Dec. 18, 18(S. Mtistered out with the Co. 
George W. Ford, enl. Dec. 16, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Goodyear, enl. Dec. 10, 1883. Mustered out with the Co. 

Seneca B. Hickox, enl. Dec. 18, 1868. JIustered out with the Co. 

Danford Hubliard. enl. Dec. 31. 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 

Mark Hebblethwaite, enl. Dec. 19. 186;J. Mustered out with the Co, 

.vdam Hart>vig. enl. Dec. 18. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

lieWitt Leslie, enl. Dec. 18. 186:3. Mustered out with the Co. 

All ner M. Leslie, enl. Dec. 18. isos. Mustered out with the Co. 

Allison D. Lutz. enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out with" the Co. 

Allen McFarland. enl. Dec. IT. 180.3. Mustered out with the Co. 

James E. Newton, enl. Dec. 18. 1803. .Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry .V. Plato, enl. Dec. 18, 18iy. JIustered out with the Co. 

19 a 



Solomon Parker, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Elijah Percival. enl. Dec. 31, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael F. Palmer, enl. Dec. 16, 1803. Mustered out with the Co, 
George A. Patchen, enl. Dec. 1!>. 1803. Mustereil out with the Co. 
Salmon E. Piatt, enl. Dec. 16. 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
Richard Rogers, enl. Dec. 18, 1803. JIustered out with the Co 
Washington G. Read, enl. Dec. 16, 1813. Mustered out with the Co. 
William G. Richards, enl. Dec. 10, 1863. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph H. Redfleld, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
.\Ifred H. Sanford. enl. Dec. 15, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
Greenbury Stevens, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Anson H. Silvernail, enl. Dec. 30, 1,803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Gottlieb Steible, enl. Dec. 18. 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
John B. Taylor, enl. Dec. 15, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward H. Thurston, enl. Dec. 14. 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
James M. Weideman, enl. Dec. 18 1813. JIustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Wilford. enl. Dec. 30. 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Sterling Wing. eul. Dec. 18, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Andrew W. Taylor, enl. Dee. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. July 

13, 1805. 
David P. Badger, enl. Dec. 10, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
Alvin Cole. enl. Dec. 8, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
Demetrius Judd, enl. Dec. 7, 1863. Promoted to Corp. JIustered out 

with the Co. 
John Jlerritt. enl. Deo. 9, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
James L. Oaks, enl. Dec. 8, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas J. Rodgers, enl. Dec. 10, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
James S. Viers. enl. Dec. 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Wm. H. Thomas, enr. as Corp. Dec. 8, 1863. JIustered out with the Co., 

July 13. 1865, 
Newton Colson, enl. Dec. 10, 1862. Mustered out with Co. 
Almon Gleason. enl. Dec. 9, 18>3. JIustered out with the Co. 
Daniel Garman, enl. Dec. 10, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with Co. 

COMPANY F. 

Alfred N. Jlead. enr. as Capt. Dec. 31, 1863. JIustered out with the Co., 

July 13. 1805. 
John X. Harrington, i nr. as 1st Lieut. Dec. 20, 1803. JIustered out with 

the Co. 
Henry F. Hastings, enr. as Sergt. Dec. 19, 1863. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

April 6, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William W. Richardson, enr. as Sergt. Dec. 34, 1863. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
John H. Way, enr, as Sergt. Dec. 21, 1863. Mustered out ^vith the Co. 
Edward Thompson, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. April 6, 1865. 

JIustered out with the Co. 
ManleyC. Severance, enl. Dec. 15.1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered 

out with the Co 
Wesley Gill, enl. Dec. 19. 1863. Promoted to Corp. JIustered out with 

the Co. 
.lared Gardner, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Promoted to Corj). Mustered out 

with the Co. 
John H. Harding, eul. Dec. 14, 1863. Promoted to Corp. JIustered out 

with the Co. 
Charles H. Rockwell, enl Dec. 18, 1803. Promoted to Corp. April 0, 1865. 

JIustered out with the Co. 
Franklin H. Hosford, enr. as Musician JIarch 39. isr4. JIustered out 

with the Co. 
ytt') Allbright, enl. Dec. 14, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles \V. Andrews, enl. Dec. 14, 186). Mustered out with the Co. 
.\lonzo B. Akins, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry H. Akins, enl. Dec. 17, 186;i. Mustered out with the Co. 
.\lfred jVnnis, enl. Dec. 17, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
William W. Beckwith, enl. Dec. 31, 180:i. Mustered out with the Co. 
Orville Barchard, enl. Dec. 18, 18ia. JIustered out with the Co. 
Samuel Barchard, enl. Dec. 18, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
Tyler R. Curtis, enl. Dec. 19, 18J3. JIustered out with the Co. 
Tobias Cover, enl Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Cuddeback, enl. Dec. 14, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
William Jl. Carter, eul. Dec. IT. 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Theodore Curtis, enl. Dec. 14, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Cahoon. f nl. Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William D. Cline, enl. Dec. 19. 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Gardner Cady enl. Dec. 30, 186.3. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Horace A. Durkee, enl. JIarch 7, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Adam Filker, enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Frauds, eid. Dec. 17, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas Francis, enl. Dec. 17, ISia. JIustered out with the Co. 
Henry G. Greenhoe, enl. Dec. 15, 186.3. Mustered out with the Co. 
William C. Greenhoe, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Greenhoe, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael Greenhoe, enl. Dec. 14, 1808. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Merrltt Height, enl. Dec. 19. 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
George Hahn, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
John Hall, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Jarrett, enl. Dec. 33, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Franklin Kreesler. enl. JIarch 16, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 



150 



GENEKAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Horace Loucks. enl. Dec. 14. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles Long. enl. Deo. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Lewis Langdon, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Mortimer E. Jlorgan, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Joel Slarsh, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Theodore Meister, enl. Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Mastin, enl. Dec. 17, 1883. Mustered out with the Co. 

Corw n Moon. enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out wiih the Co. 

William Matthews, enl. Dec. 18. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Oberlay, enl. Dec. U, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Paul Prince, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Parsons, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Anthony H. Parsch, enl. Dec. IT, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Benj. F. Rockwell, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co 

Peter Reilly, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

James Randall, enl. Dec 17, 1863. Clustered out with the Co. 

James B. Ruple, enl. Dee. 17, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

George G. Sherart, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Snider, enl. Dec. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Romanzo E. Smart, enl. Deo. 17. 1863. Mustered out wiih the Co. 

John Sayer, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

William Sayer, enl. Deo. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Joseph Shaffer, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Daniel E. Thompson, enl. Dee. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Josep h Turney. enl. Dec 17.1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Edwin R Wack. enl. Dec. 18, 1.863. Mustered otit with the Co. 

Henry Wagner, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Vernon Wagner, enl. Dec. 14. 1.863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Julius Walker, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Myron M. Keith, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Disch. for disability June i, 1864. 

Joseph Beckett, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Disch. for disability June 2, 1864. 

Nathan Bassett, enl. Dec. 12, 186.3. Disoh. for disability Aug. .30, 1864. 

Ezra Furniss. enl. Dec. 17. 1863. Disch. for disability Sept 33. 1864. 

Augustus Silverthorn, enl. Dec. 15. 1863. Disch. for disability Jan. IS. 
1865. 

Thomas Bark. enl. Dec. 17. 1863. Disch. June 1, 1865. 

Calvin Keith, enl. Dec. 18. 1863. Disch June 1. 1865. 

John B. Lane. enl. Dec. 19. 1863. Transf. to the Navy April 13, 1864. 

Cyrus M. Baloh, enl. Dec. 18. 1.-63. Transf. to Co. A June 29, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 13, 1865. 

John Hubbard, enl. Dec. 18. 1863. Transf. to Co. A June 39, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 13, 1865. 

Ralph Peck, enl. Dec. 17. 1863. Transf. to Co. A June 39. 1865. Mustered 
out July 13, 1865. 

Zachariah O'Xeil, enl. Dec. 13. 1863. Died at Cleveland, O., Feb. 15, ISM' 

Samuel Kenwood, enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Killed by accident July 3, 1864. 

George W. Kelsey, enr. as Musician Deo. 14, 1863. Died Oct. 2, 1864. 

Frederick Myers, enl. March 9, 1864. Died Oct. 18. 1664. 

Oliver Rogers, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Died Oct. 31, 1864. 

Andrew R. Thompson, enl. Dec. 14. 1863. Died May 22, 1865. 

Luther E. Woodworth, enr. as Corp. Nov. 30, 1863. Clustered out with 
the Co. July 1.3, 1865. 

Joseph Lucas, enl. Dec. 8, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 



John J. Manor, enr. as Capt. Nov. 25, 1863. Detailed for special duty 

. July 10, 1864. 
Charles C. Starr. [See Field and Staff.] 

COMPANY H. 

Henry C. Reno, enr. as 1st Lieut. Dec. 24, 1863. 

Samuel H. Young, enr. as Sergt. Maj. Jan. 4, 1864, Promoted to 2nd 
Lieut, July 26, 1864, Mustered out with the Co. July 13, 1865. 

Thomas W. Gaskill, enl. Dec. 11, 18*3. Promoted to Corp. Mustered 
out with the Co. 

George H. Benlehr, enl. Deo. II, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas A. Carson, enl. Jan. 22, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas J. Hawes. enl. Deo. 11, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 

Andrew D. Holford. enl. Jan. 8, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

William E. Parker, enl. Deo, 11. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

EUisha G. Parker, enl. Dec. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Frank Stough, enl. Jan. 8. 1864. Clustered out with the Co. 

Christopher Tostler, enl. Deo. 8, 1863. Clustered out with t!ie Co. 

Henry H. Lincoln, enl. Deo. 17, 1863. Disoh. for disability June 2, 1865. 

Lafayette Stough, enl. Jan. 8, 1.804. Transf, to the Navy April 22, 1804. 

George Wilson, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Transf. to Co. A, June 29, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 13, 1865. 

William M. Dowell, enr. as Musician .\pril 4, 18rj4. Clustered out with 
the Co. July 13, 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Samuel D. JIcElroy, enl. as Corp. Co. B. Jan, 23, 18133, Prom, to 1st Lieut, 

Co, I, Jan 5, 1804, Mustered out July 13, 1865. 
Edwin B, Fullmer, enl. Deo. 21. 1,863. Promoted to Corp Clustered out 

with the Co. July 13, 1865. 
Elizur Auger, eul. Dec. 21. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 



John S. Brinson. enl Dec. 31. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Bole. enl. Dec. 3.3, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 

Edgar L. Baker, enl. Dec. 10, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Theodore D. Castle, enl. Dec. 23, 1.863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Watson Caley, enl. Deo. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Mark E. Crow, enl. Deo. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

William H. Crawford, enl. Deo. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Carroll, enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

George Ernst, enl. Dec. 18, 1803, Mustered out with the Co, 

William H, Garnsey. enl, Jan, 5. 1864, Mustered out with the Co. 

Augustus Heisner. enl. Dec. 6. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Jacob Hake, enl. Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

George W. Keeler, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Major 1. Leland, enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Casper Lutz, eul. Dec. 10, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Alexander Malla. enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

^liohael MoAvoy. enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Peter Mans, eul. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out w-ith the Co. 

Charles E. Perkins, enl. Dec. 10, 1,863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Adam Rivers, enl. Dec. 19. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Darwin Ruple. enl. Dec. 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Sweeney, enl. Deo. 9, 1863, Mustered out with the Co. 

David Sawyer, enl, Dec, 17, 1863, Mustered out with the Co, 

George Salmon, enl, Dec. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Ge. irge Titus, enl. Deo. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

James Turner, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Andrew J. Taylor, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas Wilford, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Al>raham Wartman. enl. March 6, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Lewis H. Campbell, enr. as Sergt. Nov. 28, 1863. Disch. Aug. 30. 1864. 

Arthur O. Griswold, enr. as Sergt. Jan. 7, 1864. Promoted March 27, 

1865, to 1st Sergt.. 
William Inman, enl. Dec. 23, 1863. Disch. Aug. 30, 1864. 

Ora Titus, enl. Dec. 19. 1S63. Disch. May 2. 1864. 

William Roe. enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Died Aug. 29. 1804. 

George Brooks, enl. .\pril 2, 1864. Transf. to the Navy July 27, 1864. 

George Lanaghan, enl. Jan. 5. 1864. Transf. to the Xavj- July 27, 1804. 

James B. Mun ay, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Transferred to Co. A. June 29, 1865 
Mustered out July 13, l.%5, 

Isaac W. Phillips, enr. as Corp. Dec. 23, 1863. Died Aug. 12, 1864. 

Lorenzo Knapp, enl. Dec. 11, 1863. Transf. to Co. A June 29, 1865. Mus- 
tered out July 1.3, 1865. 

Brown Dewilly. enl. Dec. 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. July 13. 1805. 

Henry Sproutbury. enl. Dec. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Ezra B. Lee. enl. Dec. 12, 1863. Disch. Sept. 2:J, 1864. 

COMPANY K. 

Thomas C. Cunard, enr. as Corp. Dec. 11, 1863. Promoted to Sergeant. 

Mustered out with the Co. July 13, 1865. 
Lucius C. King, enr. as Corp. Deo, 11, 1863. Promoted to Sergt, April 5, 

1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ruel W. Silver, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Jonathan W. :\Iarvin, enl. Deo. 21, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Jefferson Walton, enl. Dec. 21. 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
John M. Egbert, enl. Dec. 19. 1863. Prom, to Corp. April 5, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
Morgan Wiseman, enr. as Musician Deo. 11, 1863. Mustered out with Co 
Henry Boleuder. enl. March 9. 18()4. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Carley. enl. as Corp. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Orlando R. Clark, enl. Dec. 19. 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Madison Glasier. enl. Deo. 31, 186-3. Mustered out with the Co. 
Marks Hart. enl. Dec. 7, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Warren T. Hayes, enl. March 3, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Americus J. Hubbard, enl. Dec. 31, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Silas H. Jennings, enl. Dec. 17, l.'*03. Mustered out with the Co. 
Saumel D. Kelty, enl. Dec. 18, 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
John Lew. enl. Nov. 28. 1803. JIustered out with the Co. 
Birdsey D. Mudge, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Jleyej-s, enl. Nov. 30, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ferdinand Reinhart, enl. Dec. 11, 1803. Clustered out with the Co. 
John Schuster, enl. Deo. 19. 1863. Mustered out wtth the Co. 
George A. Smith, enl. Deo. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
James G. Thatcher, enl. Dec. 21, 1.863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Thomas, enl. Deo. 19. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
James W. Underbill, eul. Deo. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
John O. Underhill, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Russell J. Wells, enl Dec. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph P. Woods, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William A. Woods, enl. Dec. 17, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
Dudley A. Cozad, enl. Dec. 15, 1863. Disch. June 2, 1804. 
Albert Gay, enl. Dec. 21, 1803. Disch. Feb. 25, 1865. 
Frederick Perrigo, enl. Dec. 18, 1803. Transf. to Co. A, June 29, 1865. 

Mustered out July 9, 1865. 



ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-NINTH INFANTRY, ETC. 



151 



James W. McNeelen, enl. Dec. 21, 18(3. Died in Hosp. at C'levelaud, 0. 

Feb. 3ii. ISIH. 
Andrew Garloch. enl. Dec. 19, 1861 Died June 15, 1864. 
Richard N. Thompson, enl. Dec. Hi, 1863. Died at Johns jns Island, O., 

Dec. 5. 1864. 
Clinton R. White, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Died at Bedford, O., May 15, 1805. 
Louis P. Whittaker, enr. as Sergt. Dec. 21, 1S63. Mustered out with the 

Co, July 13, 1863. 



CHAP T E R X X X . 

ONE HUNDKED AND TWENTY-NINTH AND ONE 
HUNDRED AND FIFTIETH INFANTBY. 

The One Hundred and Twentj'-ninth enlists for jSi.v Months — Thirty- 
eight Men from Cuyahoga— Oft for Kentucky— Capturing Cumber, 
land Gap— A Fight on Clinch River — Hard Service during the Winter- 
Mustered out in February — The One Hundred and Fiftieth Infantry— 
Niue (.'ompauies from Cuyahoga— Sworn in for a Hundred Days— Off 
for Washingt:n— Garrisoning the Forts— Companies G and K m a 
Fight— Clustered out— List of Cuyahoga Members. 

ON'K lUXDRED AXD TWEXTY-XIXTH XXFAXTRY. 

The One Hundred and Twenty-ninth was mustered 
in August 10, 1863, at Camp Taylor, near Cleveland, 
for a service of six months, and included in its ranks 
thirty-eight men from Cuyahoga county, all but one 
in Company E. On the day of organization tlie regi- 
ment set out for Camp Nelson. Ky. , where it was 
attached to the Ninth army corps. 

On the 20th of August the brigade moved to Cum- 
licrland Gap, and after the surrender of that place 
remained there until December 1st, when the One 
Hundred and Twenty-ninth was ordered to march in 
the direction of Clinch river. At the crossing of the 
Knoxville road over that streami t took part in an en- 
gagement with a division of Gen. Longstreet's corps. 
From the 2nd to the last of December, the men of 
the One Hundred and Twenty-ninth were engaged in 
almost constant skirmishing along the line of Clinch 
river, and during that severe portion of the winter 
they suffered many hardships, although exempt from 
the heavy loss of life visited upon other regiments in 
that vicinity. Upon the opening of the year 1864, 
the One Hundred and Twenty-ninth returned to the 
Gap, and on the Ist of February started for Cleve- 
land, being mustered out there in the following 
month. 

JIEMHKKS FROM CtVAIIOGA cOfXTY. 



< Itf.irge L. Hayward, eur. as Lieut. (,'ol. July 48. 186:). Mustered out with 

the Reg. March 7. 1864. 
H. B. Steele, enl. July 31, 1863. Co. I. 8«tl> Reg. Transf. to lS9tli Inf. Aug. 

8, 1863, and made 1st Lieut, and Adjt. Mustered out with the Reg. 

March 10. 1861. 
Gustav C. E. Weber, enr. as Surgeon June 4.3, 1863. Res. Oct. 85, 1863. 
James W. Smith, enr. as Asst. Surg. ^Aig. 11, 1863. Promoted to Surg. 

Oct. 31, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. 
John Campbell, enr. as .\sst. Surg. Aug. 10, 18<>3. Clustered out with the 

Reg 

NO.N-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Charles Y. Wheeler, enr. as Com. Sergt. July 15, 186;J. Mustered out 
.Marcli 10, 1864. 



COMPANV E. 

Ed win Taylor (1st Sergt.), Hammond Clapp (Sergt. i, Francis W. Fermin 
(Corp.), John M. Dillon. William Brooker, William Clapp. James Goss, 
Henry Holbrook, Ralph Hopwood, Edward Jones, John Karney, Robert 
Miller, Samuel Plank, Cscar Pease. Robert Parsons, George Robinson, 
Courtney Randall, Florence Reese, Samuel Richmond, .luhu Shafer, 
George Warren, Edward M. Bailey (Sergt.), Watson H. Barkdell (Corp.), 
Charles H. Tuttle (Corp.), Orrin Barber, Walter F. Pumphrey. Oliver H. 
Perry, Charles Scott, Jacob Pickard, John Sly (Died in service i, William 
Stewart. 

COMPANY I. 

Charles Luce, enl, .luly 2, isiis. Mustered out with tl>e Co. March", 186) 



OXE HUXDKED AND FIFTIETH INFAXTIiY, 

(NATIONAL GUARD.). 

Of the ten companies composing the One Hundred 
and Fiftieth, nine were from this county and the 
other from Lorain. The regiment was sworn in for 
a hundred days of service on the 5th of May, 180+, 
and at once left Camp Taylor for ^Yashillgton City, 
where it entered upon garrison duty in forts Lincoln, 
Saratoga, Thayer, Bunker Hill, Slocum, Totten and 
Stevens, which were in the line of fortifications sur- 
rounding the national capital. 

The regiment remained in the forts till the close of 
its term of service, during which companies G and K 
participated in the fight before Washington on the 
10th and 11th of July; having five men killed and 
wounded. The One Hundred and Fiftieth was mus- 
tered out at Cleveland August 23, 1864, after a serv- 
ice of one hundred and eleven days. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

William H. Hayward, Colonel. 
John X. Frazee, Lieutenant Colonel, 
J. Dwight Palmer, Major. 
Thomas Goodwille, Adjutant. 
Herman M. Chapin, Quartermaster. 
J.inies M. Smith, Surgeon, 
Charles F. Dutton, Assistant Surgeon, 
James F. Armstrong, Assistant Surgeon. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

John H. Burton, Sergeant Major. 
Wilson L. I'odge. Quartermaster Sergeant. 
James P. Gardner, Hospital Steward. 
Louis H. Severance, Commissary Sergeant. 
Jackson McLelaud. Chief JIusician. 

COMPANY A. 

Thomas S. Paddock, Captain. 

Joseph .^I. Richards, Second Lieutenant. 

George W. Tibbitts, Firet Lieutenant. 

J. Benton Parsons (1st Sergt), William Morgan (Sergt.), Theron C. 
Baldwin (Sergt. J. EU Ely (Sergt.), George Wilkinson (Sergt), Horace E. 
Dakin. (Corp.). Robert Potter (Corp. ), Benj. W. Smith (Corp. i. Samuel L. 
Allen (Corp.), Pierson D. Briggs (Corp.), Frank E Th.jmas (Corp.), An- 
drew J. .Moulton (Corp.), Lemuel O, Rawsou (Corp.). George E. Dunlon, 
.\llen (.'. Xorth, James M. Allen, Charles E. Brown, John Bruner, Flavel 
J. Bingham, Charles E. Bingham. William M. Barnes. Lewis Black, Jud- 
son M. Brown, George D. Beck, Byron M. Brown, John A. Barstow. A. 
G. Curtiss, Jlichael Carroll, John J. Davis, Albert Dickinson, Charles S. 
Fairchild, Edward D. Fowler, Reuben A. Field. Orlando S. Gardner. 
Samuel N. Goodale. Thomas Guy. Alfred T. Goodman. Frederick Hitch- 
cock, George Hoyt, Charles D. Keeler, Erwin J. Kyser, William Kidd. 
Charles M. Lyman. Henry E. Luce, Thomas D. )laun. Hiram X. McLeod. 
Byi-on L. Mears, William J. McMary, Conway W. Xoble, Jacob G. Oitli. 
Jerome T. Perkins, George S. Paine, .\rthur H. Quinn, Joseph W. Roof. 
Albert .\. Smith. Spencer Skeels. Alfred E. Sterling. George Stevens. 
Royal P. Stiles. Charles W. Santord, Edward D. Sherwood, Sanford D. 
Simmons, .\ustin Thomas. William H. Taylor, Peter G. Van Wie, Frank 
Wade, John i.. Wigman. Theodore L. Wadsworth, John Whiting, Her- 
schell Welton, George Watkins, David S. Whitehead, Chas. L. Doolittle, 
Mendon L. Prentiss, Edwin Taylor, Henrj- Ormsby, Norman B. Pratt. 



153 



GENEKAL HISTOKY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



COMPANY B 

John Nevins, Captain. 

John C. Bull, First Lieutenant. 

Arthur H, Barrett, Second Lieutenant. 

John Haas (1st Sergt.), John P. McMahon (Sergt.), William H. Quayle 
(Sergt.), Nathan D. White (Sergt.), Ben.iamin F. Dexter (Sergt.), Lewis 
L. Davis (Corp.), Charles 51. Turner (Cor-p.), Joseph J. Schwind (Corp.), 
James A. Brj'an rCorp.) William Sims (Corp.), Marion A. Shane (Corp.). 
Walter W. McMahon (Corp.), William H. Merrick (Corp.), Isaac A. Tif- 
fany (Musician). Gaston G. Allen. James Brown. AlC. W. Bennett, Albert 
Brown, John W. Ball. William H. Brelsford, Peter J. Bochringer, John 
W. Blake, James G. Blake, William H. Crowl, Richard Carr, John Cow- 
ell, Charles R. Dailey, George W. Douglass, John Douglass, Charles D. 
Foote, Henry C. Fouts, Frederick Fav, Jr.. Andrew J. Farrand, Frank 
Granger. Joseph S. Grannis Philip Grotenrath. James E. Hoag. John G. 
Hasserot, Frederick Hoffman. Albert Hartzell, John Hertzog, George B. 
Hayn-ard, Charles Ingle, Frederick Kintz, Jacob King, John Logan, 
John Lynch, Benjamin Langell, Edward Lindsley. Frank Miller, Jacob 
Martin, Julius Miller, Frederick H. McGinness, Thomas Xeal, Erastus M. 
Norton, Albert Porter, Joseph C. Peterson, Edmund T. Peck, Henry 
Perrine, John P. Proudfoot. Charles W. Parmer. William H. Radcliffe. 
Charles W. Russell. Cornelius L. Russell, Theoeore C. Schenck, William 
N. Stevens, Benjamin Sanford, Michael Smith, William H. Stephens, 
Joseph Spier, Frank Townsend, John Thompson, Samuel Tyler, Arthur 
Wright, Sanford Wheeler. George W, Wilson, David H. Walters, Thomas 
J. Williams, Riall Perkins, Carlos Jones. 

COMPANY C. 

Louis G. DeFoiest, Captain. 

Marcus A. Hanna. First Lieutenant. 

Ebenezer B. Thomas ilst Sergt. i, Henry A. Harvey (Sergt.), Jay C. 
Moise (Sergt.), George W. Chapin (Sergt.), Charles H. Tucker (Sergt.). 
Perry Prentiss (Corp.). John J. Wightman (Corp.), Edward S. Page 
(Corp.), Henry T. Fenton (Corp.), Levi A. Sackett (Corp.), William H. 
Wyman (Corp.). Alex-inder H. Mcintosh (Corp.), George A. Brown 
(Corp.), Marcus Brockway. James Adams, Daniel M. Alvoid, Kirklin 
Alberty, Arthur Ash, George W. Andrus, Charles S. Brainard, Hiram 
M. Brown, George F. Bingham, Edward F. Baker, Titus A. Barnes. Rich- 
ard Bush, Charles H. Cannon, Charles C. Carter, Thomas Cook, David 
K. Clint, Linton Chantberlain, William Crowell, Orlando Carner, Cas- 
sius M. Clark. James 51. Coulter, Harvey H. Cos, Charles J. Dockstader, 
Arthur DeLair, Frank A. Derthick, Louis H. Delano. Charles Foljambe, 
Mark H. Ferris. William Ferguson, Henry J. Ford, Henry M. Fay, Isaac 
W. Gaylord, Charles T. Goodwin, IhomasE. Gill, Thomas Guy, Martin 
Harrington, Daniel Heinde, Edward H. Harvey, Edward P. Hunt, Frank 
W. Hoyt, Augustus F. Hills, Frank W. Hubby, Edward K. Hanscom, 
Richard M. Iddings, William \V. Kimball, William H. Kelley, George C. 
Lyman, William F. Latch, George W. McMillan, Henry E. Morrison, 
Henry E. Meyer, Wilham Morris, Charles D. Morse, Herman Norton, 
Elijah H. Norton, Nathan Payne, Chauncey Prentiss, Luther M. Pease, 
Charles Perkins, Charles J. Price, Andrew Porter, William P. Reid, Lo- 
renzo A. Strong, George W. Segur, Henry G. Segur, Cassius P. Shepard, 
Ashley D. Scott, George E. Stewart, William H. Stillman, Frank B. Sted- 
man, John S. Tennis, Ira D. Thorpe, Edmond Vaillant, Henry J. Virgil. 
Henry P. Wolcott. John W. Wheeler. Thomas Wall, Augustus W. Whit- 
timore. William R. Wall. Louis D. Wightman. William Ward, George H. 
Lang, Robert R. Papwurth, James Lang, Robert Lang. 

COMPANY D. 

John J. Wizeman, Captain. 

Jason Canfield, First Lieutnant. 

George W. Whitehead, Second Lieutenant. 

Alexander W. Davis (1st Sergt.). William Towner (Sergt.), Albert B. 
Smith (Sergt.), Horace S. Pettingill (Sergt.), Howard H. Merriam (Sergt.), 
Jacob P. Urban (Corp.), Xewell S. Cozad (Corp.), S. M. Davis (Corp. i, 
James A. Gibbon (Corp.), O. L. Gayette (Corp.), Carlos M. Sturtevant 
(Corp.), John L. Mcintosh (Corp.), John W. Gibbons (Corp. i, George 
W. Ansley, Samuel J. Baker, George Bell, William E. Bond, Frederick 
H. Bond, Gilbert H. Brayton, Charles C. Brown, Richard Chandler, 
William P. Chard, Frederick Crawford, Henry S. Call. Burton K. Cran- 
dall, Lewis H. Chavalia, Edwin R. Date, Owen Dean, Charles H. Den- 
zer, George E. Denzer, Charles DeWolf, Richard M. Dockstader, Win- 
fleUl S. Drake, William D. Dukes, George L. Englehart, Thomas Ester- 
brook, William H. Earnest, Leonard Finster, Frederick Foltz, William 
S. Foote, Edward F, Granger, Frederick C Haker, Garry L. Hardick, 
George Hester, James B. Higbee, Charles L. Hull, ti arris Jay nes, John 
Jacoby, Henry Krum, Alonz » Lac.v, Merrill W. Lang, John Lan- 
der, Edward Lewis, George H. Macey, Robert M. Murray, Smith A. 
Marvin, William Mottage, Jesse Nichols, Arthur Odell Edwin B. Par- 
rish, Edward L. Pettit, George W. Pettey, Alfred H. Powell, Lorenzo 
C. Powell. Frederick D. Pratt, Edward B. Rawson, Florance Reese, 
Hs-nry Rohrig, James W. Ross, James C. Ryan, James E. Ryder, Francis 
Rhinehart, Ernest L. Schinckel, Wilson \. Shannon, William P. Shep- 
ard, Henry R. Stegman, Charles E. Snyder, John J. Sebastian, Conrad 
Ulrich, Charles M. Vorce, Charles G. Wagner. Hobart M. Walker, 
Joseph S. Wier, Owen B. Wickham, Dudley B. Wick, Harmon J. 



Whaley, Charles J. Wibur, Jasper E. Williams, Edward O. Wolcott, 
John Williamson. 

COMPANY E. 

Joseph B. Molyneaux. Captain 

John G. Parsons, Second Lieutenant. 

Thomas A. Stow. Second Lieutenant. 

Patrick H. CarrcU (1st Sergt.) Judson M. Bishop (Sergt.), Thomas 
Whitehead (Sergt.), George E. Sanger i Sergt.), Michael Scaney (Corp.), 
George Young (Corp.), James Madigan, (Corp.), George Hopper (Corp.), 
William Denham (Corp.), Henry S. Page. (Corp.), George Bedford, 
(Corp.). Theodore B. Newcomb (Corp.), Daniel Ayer, Miles Beebe. Wil- 
liam H. Bush. Charles Brown, Louis Bodey, Erwin Brown, Caleb Billson- 
George Breymaier, George F. Chapman. John Coleman, William Con- 
nelly, Robert Congdon, William H. Date, Charles Dockstader, Andrew 
Duty, Richard H. Davies, Charles Drum, James Dickinson. James Dur- 
can, William W. Ellsworth, Samuel Evans, Joseph Fetger, Frederick 
Glaser, Henry Ganson, William J. Gleason, Henrj- A. Himt, Frederick 
Hempy, James Holly. John Hoffman. Fred. H. .'ones. Casper Kerner, 
Joseph Kreher, William Keller. Thomas B. Kelly, Thomas S. Lane, 
Frederick Lambert, Richard A. Milgate, John T. Miller. Alfred McClaim, 
Leander Mclntyne, John H. 5IcGuire, Russel Markler, William McBride. 
Alanson T. Osborn, Thomas A. Pearson, Harris Parker, Alfred H. Paine, 
Edwin L. Pettit, John 31. Rickey, Thomas H. Speddy, William F. Scot- 
ten. R. Freeman Thompson. Charles Tibbitts, George W. Tufts, John 
Wooldridge, Samuel White. William H. Wadsworth, Henry Walther 
George Warden, William Wilson, Edward J. Woodward, John Yarhous, 
George Johnson, John A. Norton. 

COMPANY F. 

Jeremiah Enswoi th. Captain. 

Edwin C. Rouse, First Lieutenant. 

Charles J. McDowell, Second Lieutenant. 

Frederick C. Farraud 1 1st Sergt.). Joshua B. Glenn (Sergt.), George, 
Spangler (Sergt. ),Chas. B. Fargo (Sergt.), Frederick Weidenkopf (Sergt.), 
Peter Diemer (Corp.), Henry W. Herwig (Corp.), Samuel P. Fox (Corp.), 
Sidney F. Dickerman (Corp.), George PoUyblankfCorp), Chas. P. Vaupel 
(Corp.), John Hart (C'oi-p.), Nicholas Weidenkopf (Corp.). John N. Stew- 
art, Otto Olker, Augustus A. Adams. Jr.. Thomas C. Bentley. Benjamin 
Britton. Frederick Buhne. John Boldy, Patrick Barrett, Johnson J. Bur- 
rows, James H, Bow-les, William Ctu-tis, Wilfred Creighton, Louis D. 
Clarke, George B. Christian, Jo.seph Conke.y, Charles H. Campbell, 
Henry 31. Dakin, Jlyron C. Douw, Henry Davis, Edwa d H. Frank, Saml 
X. Griffen, Wm. 31. Guy Edwin R. Guilford, Wm. A. Hopkins. Christian 
L. Henricle. Geo. W. Hobbs, George Holderman, Joseph Higleu, Albert 
Henry, George Johnson, Gustavus R. Janke, William H. Joyce, William 
H. Keller, 3Ioses Koch. Charles E. Kellogg. Hugh Lowry. Samuel Lock- 
wood. Elbridge J. JlcComber, William 3IcReynolds James 3IcKenzie, 
Samuel 3Ionteverdi, John A. Norton. James L. Newton, John Olker, 
Ivory Plaisted, Stephen B. Palmer. J. Porter Rogers. John J Ruedy, 
John T. Robinson. Iloyd R. Sullivan, William Sanderson, Martin B. 
Scott. Albert T. Slade. William Snyder, Caleb Turner, John C. Wiesman, 
August Wiesman, Martin L. Wright, 3Ioses G. Watterson, Frank Fair- 
banks. William A. Wire. Joseph Anderton, Alfred W. Fell. Frederick A. 
Skeels. 3IichaeI Williams, William Carman. 

COMPANY Q. 

W. R. Nevins, Captain. 

T. S. Lindsey, First Lieutenant. 

H. E. Chubb, Second Lieutenant. 

William Warmington (1st Sergt), Charles Purcell (Sergt.), William 
Redrup (Sergt.), 3Iartin House (Sergt.), W. L. Porter (Sergt.), Frank 
Weed (CoriJ.). George Kaighin (Corp.), William JIcNeil (Corp.), T. J. Lutz 
(Corp.). Isaac Ralph (Corp.), Robert Rhodes (Corp.), J. F. Allen (Corp.), 
Ira Sawtell (Corp.), Hoiace Allen. W. W. Alexander. O. P. Ackley. thas 
H. Bennett, Jacob Bennett, N. Bickford, C. Buckmaster, H. U. Bessett 
A. L. Beswick, J. C. Bixby. William Brooks. George Bell, John Crowl, 
George Cunningham, L. Cunningham. Wilbur Curtis, Edward Chubb, 
G. B. Carey, William Caldwell, W. K. Campbell, William Conn, Henry 
Davis. C. C. Edwards. J. B. Eastman, J. A. Eastman, A. B. French 
Louis Fisher, Samuel Folsom, J. N. Goulding, Henry George, William 
Hawthorn, H. A. Hicks. George Henry. A. Hastings. Frank Jones. Ed- 
ward Jenkins. A. Kidney. Charles Kaighin. David Lucas. T. C. Lambert. 
William More, H. C. Jlorse, William 3Iadison, O. 3Iayer, Samuel 3IcDou. 
gal, John 3Iartin, George Neville, W. P. Neeley, B. L. Pennington, S. E. 
Pennington, W. J. Pollock, A. Perrine, Frank Pennrich, J. Quellman, 

C. F. Spencer, Adam Schott, J. E. Stephens, Henry Skinner, H. W. 
Sackett, W. S. Thomas, Charles Tamblue, George Taylor, J. B. Updyke, 

D. Van Druver, Thomas Vickers, H. V. Wilson, C. H. WiUiams, A. P. 
Williams, A. R. Wilcox, H. H. Richardson, L. 31. Reise, D. Rosenkrans, 
J. H. Riskmeier, William Robbins, T. B. Conn, 3Villiam S. Chase. Plim- 
mon E. Bennett. 

COMPANY H. 

Samuel H. Baird, Captain. 
Frank Dutton. First Lieutenant. 
Edwin Dennison. Second Lieutenant. 

James 31. Gates (1st Sergt.), Mather J. Lownian (Sergt.), Charles G. 
Atwood (Sergt), William G. SIcNally (Sergt.), Dan'l T. Carpenter (Sergt.) 



THE ONE YEAR INFANTRY KE(;IMENTS. 



153 



Charles Lothman (Corp.), Daniel B. Andrews (Corp.), Israel B. Heller 
(Corp.). Wilfred H. Tinker (CoiT.), Stillman S. Scolt (Corp.). Ephraini 
Kloch (Corp.). William Button (Corp.), Oliver K. Brooks (Corp.), Jotham 
P. Abbott, John R. Armstrong, Allen T. Biiiistnade, Henrv Bohn, Chris- 
topher Borger. Charles R Butler, John R. Edwards, Myer Ehrlick, Alvin 
L. Emerson. William Ehrlick, James C. Ellis, George Fuller, Daniel 
Fowaigne. John H. Foote. William H. Ferriss, Harvey C. Gifford, George 
R Gale, Kelley N. Huston. Richard Horner. James C. Hall, John H. 
HcilTnieier, Frank Ingraham. Frank Kohn Thomas J. Kahoe. Sanford 
W. Lester John H. McGralh, Charles E. Merritt, James F Meredith, 
.Moses Marx. Edward N. Marx. John Messer. Charles C. Rogers. Jr.. 
Jonas Sloss, Jacob Schnurline, George R. Smith, Brutus E. Stockwell. 
Edgar C. Tinker. Robert Weisman, Michael M. Weiner, Elijah F. Young, 
George Zahn, Albert M. Parker, Darius S. Bowler, Wallace Baldwin, 
Hiram Chapman, Asa H. Chamberlain, Robert Carlysle, Almon Dewey, 
William B. Higby, Lorenzo Harris. John R. Hanford, Orrin Mills, Wil- 
liam J. McConoughey, Rollin R. Merrill, Frank Richards. Moses J. 
Richards, Abel W. Sawyer, Warner E. Smith, Alfred Stevens, Albert M. 
Smith, John F Thomson, Robert Tlionison. S. N. Wilson, Austin Church, 
Solomon H. Gleason, Chester Hill. Frederick H. Dunham, Elijah Sorter, 
George Strong, Vincent A. Taylor, Carlos M. stone 

COMPANY I. 

Edwin Farr, Captain. 

Jonas F. Rice. Fii-st Lieutenant. 

John G. Fitch, Second Lieutenant. 

Harvey Richardson (Corp.), Eli S. Martick (Corp ). Richarad Carpen- 
teriCor]).), .lames E. Parker (Corp. ), CharlesD. Knapp(Corp.), Joseph 
Banimer, George W. Carpenter. Herbert Fitch, Philip Finley. Herbert 
O. Kennedy, George W. Kennedy, Erastus Lilley, David Lewis, Robert 
Lattimer, Roswell McKenzie, Herbert S. Nelson, John Perkins, Cassius 
Stearns, Oscar D. Stearns, Asher Stearns. Henrj- E. Stearns. Comfort 
B. Taylor, Bloomer D. Underbill, i. harles L. Underbill, Albert Wright, 
Wm. Noble, Henry A. Ross, James P. Rice (1st Sergt. ), Junius Sperry 
(Sergt.), Daniel A. Brown iSergt.). Marvin O. Taylor (Sergt.). Charles 
I»oan (Corp.\ Charles G. Atwell, Lester Alexander, Chaimcey Alexan- 
der, Alex. Sorter, John S. Barker, Matthew Berry, Charles C. Bell, 
John M. Cooley, Thomas Clayne, Hiram W. Colton, Benjamin Chap- 
liell, John Colahan, Newell Ford. Lorenzo E. Frost, John Hawkins, Z. 
S. Hall, Reuben Hall, Harvey Knapp. Myron Kellogg, John Kirk, 
Edson H. McCarty. Philip Phillips. Oscar N. Parsons, James ('. Porter, 
James P. Reed, Amos Sperry, Hiram Smith. Jr , Joseph Stocking. Jr., 
George Standen, .ioseph Schillinger, Orpheus Smith. Frederick Tuttle. 
Clark Williams. Thomas Williams, Joseph White. Alfred Wolf, lames 
A. I'otter (Sergt.), Edwin ^lartiek (Corp.), William Andrews, Heze- 
kiah Dailey, Henry Y. Southworth, Martin Sawyer, William T. Sprague- 
Henry Steele, Daniel Winslow. 

ONE HUNDRED AXI) SIXTY-SIXTH INFANTRY. 

COVPiNT B. 

Charles F. Lee, enl. May 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 9, 1864. 
Benjamin Worthington, enl. May 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPANY F. 

Cyrus Arnett, enl. May 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. Sept. !), 1864. 
Charles E. Burr, enl. May 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles T. Brown, enl. May 2. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James N. Burdue. enl. May 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William C Davis, enl. .May 2, 18t>4. Mustered out with the Co. 
Carlos Norton, enl. .May i. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 



('II APT EH XXXI. 

THE ONE rEAH INFANTRY REGIMENTS. 
When and why they were raised— Their Previous Services One Hun- 
dred and Seventy-seventh Infantry— In Teunes-see— A Fight before 
Murfreesboro -Charging a Battery— Services in North Carolina— Home 
— Its Cuyahoga Men— One Hundred and Eighty-eighth Infantry— At 
Murfreesboro. Tullahamo and Nashville — Discharged— The Cuya- 
hoga .Members— One Hundred and Ninety third Infantry— In the Shen 
andoah Valley— Selected as Provost (iuard —Disbanded — The Men 
from t'uyah'>ga— One Hundred and Ninety-fonrth Infantry— In Vir- 
ginia In Garrison at Washington-Mustered out in October- The Cuy 
ahoga List— One Hundred and Ninety-fifth Infantry— .4t Han)er's 
Ferry and Winchester— On Provost Duty at Alexandria— Mustered out 
—Its Cuyahoga List— Men of the One Hundied and Ninety-sixth In- 
fantry—The One Hundred and Ninety -seventh the Last Regiment in the 
Field— Assigned to Ninth Army Corps— On Duty at Washington. Dover 
and Baltimore- Mustered out— The Cuyahoga Men— The One Hun- 
dred and Ninetyeighth—Incomplete— Disbanded and Sent Home— 
The Cuyalioga List. 

DuRiXG the autumn of 1804 and the following 
winter there wa.s great need of men to rcphice tho.-*e 



lost by bullets, disease and other casualties of war, 
yet the National authorities felt sure that with persis- 
tent efiort tlie already tottering confederacy could be 
overturned within a year. They therefore did what 
they had not before done, authorized the raising of 
regiments to serve for one year, to aid in giving the 
final blow to the slaveholder's rebellion. Twenty-six 
such regiments numbered from One Hundred and 
Seventy-three to One Hundred and Ninety-eighth in- 
clusive, were raised in Ohio alone. Nine of these 
contained representatives from Cuyahoga county, 
whose records are given in this chapter. A large pro- 
portion of the men and almost all of the officers iiad 
served in other organizations, so that the regiments, 
though new, were by no means "green," but able to 
play their part with credit from the very first. 

OXE HUXIiRED AND SEVENTY-SEVENTH INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Seventy-seventh was organ- 
ized at Cleveland in October, 1864, for one year's 
service, and included three hundred and fifty-one 
Cuyahoga-connty men. On reporting to Major Gen- 
eral Thomas at Nashville, the regiment was ordered 
to Tullahoma, where it did garrison duty until Hood's 
invasion, and then marched to Murfreesboro reach- 
ing that place on the 2iid of December. In an en- 
gagement with the Rebels before Murfreesboro on the 
7th of that month the One Hundred and Seventy- 
seventh displayed the utmost readiness for the con- 
flict, and was for a brief period sharply engaged; 
Milroy"s command, of wliich it was a part, charging 
the rebels behind breastworks, driving them away and 
capturing two pieces of artillery. A few days after- 
wards, while on a foraging expedition the regiment 
charged a rebel battery and compelled it to retreat; 
having, itself, eleven men killed and wounded. 

After Hood was driven from Tennessee, the One 
Hundred and Seventy-seventh was ordered to Wash- 
ington, and was thence transported to Fort Fisher, 
N. C, where it arrived on the Tth of February, 1865. 
Subsequently the regiment participated in two attacks 
upon the enemy's works and was engaged in the flank 
movement which forced the rebels to evacute Fort 
Anderson. It also fought the enemy at Twin Creek 
and captured the entire command. Leaving Wilming- 
ton after the surrender of that place, it joined Sher- 
man at Goldsboro, and after the capture of Johnston 
proceeded to Clevelnnd, where it was discharged on 
the Tth of .July. ISH't. 

MK.MHKUS FROM CI Y.MIDtiA (OUXTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Arthur T. Wilcox, enr. as Col. Sept. 23, 1864. JIustered out with the Reg 

June 24. I8cB. 
W. H. Zimmerman, enr. as Lieut. Col. Sept. 23, 1864. Clustered out with 

the Co. 
Ernest J. Kraeger, enr. as Jlajor Sept. 23. 1864. Mustered out with Reg. 
George C. Ketchnin, enr. as Adjt. Sept. 27, 1864. Resigned May 20, 1865. 
George B. Huston, enr. as 2d Lieut. Co B. Sept. 7. 1884 Promoted to 1st 

Lieut, in Co. C, Jan. 28, 1868; and to Adjt. May 21. 1865. Clustered 

out June 24. 1865. 
James w Raymond, enr. as R. Q. M. Sept. 7, 1884. Detached as A. A. 

Q. M. upon Gen. Milroys StalT Dec. 19, 1864. 



154 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Sylvester S. Burrows, enr. as Surgeon Sept. 20, 1804. Mustered out with 

the Reg. 
Richard Edwards, enr. as Asst. Surg. Sept. 20, IStH. Mustered out with 

the Reg. 
W. A. Bivans, enr. as Asst. Surg. Sept. 20, 1864. Resigned Nov. .30, 1864. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Erasmus B. Abt, enl. Aug. 18. 18B4. Prom, to Hosp. Steward April 1, 

1865. .Mustered out with the Reg. 
Herman G. Norton, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 21, 1864. Prom, to Sergt. Major 

Feb. 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
William E. Edwards, em', as Sergt. Co. A Aug. 13, 1864. Prom, to Com. 

Sergt. March 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
James W. Wheelock, enr. as 1st Sergt. Aug. 26. 1864. Prom, to Q. M. 

Sergt. Oct. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 
Jacob Markt. enr. as Fiter Sept. 8. 1864. Prom, to Chief Musician Oct, 

24, 1864. Mustered out with the Reg. 



William C. Turner, enr. as 2d Lieut. Aug. 16, ISM. Promoted to Capt. 

Sept. ~, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. June 24. 1865. 
Henry J. Virgil, enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co, June 24, 1865. 
Albeit J. Hamilton, enr. as 2d Lieut. Aug. 19. 1864. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Arthur DeLair, enl. Sept. 16, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Sept. 28, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Hugh A. Rowland, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Promoted t<s Corp. Sept. 8, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Torbert P. Taylor, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 9, 1864. 

Mustei'ed out with the Co. 
George Adams, enl. Sept. 15, 1.864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Bisnett, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas J. Baldwin, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edmund Cheney, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Wounded Dec. 14, 1864. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Theodore G. Chase, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Mustured out with the Co. 
Nicholas Croll, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Daniel L. Coe, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Wounded Dec. 14, 1864. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
John Chandler, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Silas G. Fickes, enl. Sept. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Fletcher, enl. Aug. 31, 18M. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jonathan Falor, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Gannon, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Conrad Geiger, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John J. Geiger, enl. Sept. 14, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Daniel W. Hoyt, enl. Sept. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Russell B. Harley, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Wounded Dee. 14, 1864. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Henry Helen, enl. Sept. 1. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Philip C. Jackson, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Eliab Karr. enl. Sept. 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Leslie H. Kellogg, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. 

Samuel K. Long, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas Roush, enl. Aug. 19. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Rose. enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Shoemaker, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Russell M. Shaner, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Disch. May 29. 1865. 
Allen Shiffert, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Amos Shiffert, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Tollzein. enl. Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry C. Witter, enl. Sept. 2, 1864. 

Eugene A. Wilcox, enl. Aug. 29, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Bingham, enl. Oct. 4, 1864. Transf. to Co. A, 181st Reg., June 15, 

1865. Mustered out July 14. 1865. 
Simeon Richards, enl, Oct. 3, 1864. Transf. to Co. A, I8Ist Reg., June 15, 

1865. Mustered out July 14, 1865. 
George E. Needham, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Sept. 8, 

1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George E. Dunbar, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co. 
Daniel Vose, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. March 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
George J. Duncan, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 19, 1864, llustered out with the 

Co. 
Newton N. Cooley, enr. as Corp. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co 
Charles S. Ruggles, enr. as Corp. Aug. 19, 1864. Jlustered out with the 

Co. 
Horace D. Austin, enr, as Corp. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel E. Gordon, enr. as Corp. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co. 
Josiah Browning, enr. as Corp. Sept. 2, 1864, Mustered out with the Co" 
.Thomas G. Rowell, enr. as Musician Aug. 19. 1864. Mustered out with 

the Co. 



Frank M. Andrews, enr. as Musician Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Freeland H, Ames, enl, Aug. 19, 1864. Left in Hosp. March 6. 1865. 
Freeman Brooks, enl. .\ug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Philo S. Bearkle, enl. Aug. 19, 1.864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward F. Brock, enl. Aug. 19, 1.864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Oscar Briggs. enl. Aug. 19. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel E, Brooks, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Wounded near Murfreesboro, 

Tenn., Dec. 7, 1.864. Disch. June 5. 1865. 
William D. Butler, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph L. Brainerd, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Dorsy W. Burroughs, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John F. G. Cold. enl. Aug. 19, 18C4. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Chambers, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Disch. June 37, 1865. 
Francis M. Cochran, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward Cowan, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patrick Deasy, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Warren Flick, enl. .\ug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry 51. Gould, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Hewitt, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Eugene Holbrook, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Hays, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Isaac J. Isenhart, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865. 
Samuel Jones, enl. Aug. 19. 1.864. Disch. June T, 1865. 
William Jones, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William D. Jones, enl. Aug. 19, 1854. Mustered out with the Co. 
James R. Kittredge, enl. Aug. 29. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Richard Keegan, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out May 29. 1865. 
Jacob L. Long, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jefferson J. McJIillan, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
George H, Mendall, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Disch. May 31. 1865. 
William JlcLean, enl, Sept. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co, 
James M. Morse, enl. Aug. 19, 1.864 Mustered out with the Co. 
Osceola R. Pease, enl. Aug. 19. 1864. 

Henry A. Rock, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Oscar B. Ruggles, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Disch. June 12. 1865. 
John Selby, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Seymour, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Francis R. Shattuck. enl. Aug. 19. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel S. Smith, enl. .\ug. 22, 1864. Mustered out July 3, 1865. 
Daniel W. Thomas, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
La Grange Tyler, enl. Aug. 10. 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
William J, Wright, enl. Aug, 19, 1864, JIustered out with the Co. 
Charles B. Wiggins, enl. Aug. 19, 1S64. Mustered out with the Co. 
Leonard H. Cochran, enl. Aug. 19. 1864. Killed by accident Jan. 23, 1865, 
George Brainard, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Died on Hnsp. Boat Jan 19. 1865. 
Daniel FHck, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Died at Smithville. N. C, May 9, 1865. 
Lafayette Perkins, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Disch. for disability May 11, 1865. 
James McDowell, enl. Aug, 19, 1864. Disch. May 31, 1865. 
John L. Waldeck, enl. Aug, 19, 1864. Disch. June 5. 1865. 
W illiam E. Edwards, iSee Non-Com, Staff.) 



Isaac N. Rogers, enr. as Capt. Sept. 7, 1864. Mustered out with the Co 

June 24. 1865. 
Julian H. Gates, enr. as 1st Lieut. Sept. 7, 1864. Disch. May 12, 1865. 
George B. Huston. (See Field and Staff.) 
Jere. G. Claflin. enr. as Sergt. JIaj. Dec. 31, 1864 Promoted to 2d Lieut_ 

Jan. 28, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Fred. W. Hoffman, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 13, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt_ 

Jan 8. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas C. Bester, erl. Aug. 17, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Oct. 31, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Parley Sheldon, Jr., enr. as Sergt. Aug. 27, 1864. JIustered out with 

the Co. 
Charles H. Halsey, enr. as Corp. Sept. 5, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 

8. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John R. Sheets, enr. as Corp. Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Lewis, enr. as Corp. Aug. 26. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
RoswcU Jackson, enr. as Corp. Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James W. Derthick, enr. as Corp. Aug. 29, 1864. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Clarence M. Peck, enr. as Corp. Sept. 20, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ephraim Clemens, enl. Sept. 13, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 8, 1865. 

JIustered out with the Co, 
John W. Fowl, enl. Aug. 30, 1864, Promoted to Corp. Feb. 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
Joseph G. Kestler, enl, Sept. 6. 1864. Promoted to Corp. May 1, 1865. 

JIustered out with the Co. 
Frank A. Allen, enl. Sept. 8, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Harvey Bartholomew, enl. Aug. 19, 1864. Disch. June 7, 1865. 
.Andrew Belcore, enl. Aug. 25, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Lyman Bryant, enl. Aug. 26, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
Irving H. Burt. enl. .\ug. 25, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Ira D. Baker, enl. Sept. 1. 1864. Mustered out June 26, 1865. 
Bowles Clark, enl. Aug. 26, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Benj. B. Chadwick, enl. Sept. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 



THE ONE YEAR INFANTRY REGIMENTS. 



155 



John C. Durian. enl. Aug. 41, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
.Tames Duriau, enl. Aug. 39, ISH. JIustered out with the Co. 
Isaac D. Dailey, eul. Aug. :iO, 18i!4. JIustered out with the Co. 
Harvey Depu.v, eni. Aug. *l, 18W. Mustered out June 28, 18U.5. 
Francis 31. Dodge, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Andien- Elliott, enl. Sept. IS. 1864. Left sick at Wilmington, N. C, March 

4, ISiB. 
Sylvauus H. Fuller, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Disch. June 5, 1865. 
Jiseph R. Foster, enl. Sept. 6, 1864. Absent on furlough since May 2, 

18ia. 
William E. Ford, enl. Aug. 29, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Lewis W. Gillett, enl. Sept. 14, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James W. Hooker, enl. Aug. 15. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Iiavid D. Hose. enl. Aug. 29. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Rijljert S. Hubbell. enl. .\ug. 27. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William B. Hamlin, enl. Aug. 29. 1S64. Mustered out with the Co. 
Isaac Hose. enl. Aug. 30. 1S64. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jlenry Hall. enl. .\ug. 30. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Oeorge Heifer, eul. Sept. 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Huber, enl. Sept. 16. 1864. Muttered out with the Co. 
Newton Hutchins, enl. Sept. 2, 1864. JIustered out June 10, 186,5. 
Jlyron L. Krum, enl. Sept. 3. 1864. JIustered out with the Co, 
Hiram King. eul. Sept. 6, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Kych. enl. Oct. 1. 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Hoi'ace H. Lewis, enl. Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Lippert, enl. Sept. 1, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
JIark Lewis, enl. Sept. 1, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Alden Laroe, enl. Sept. 3, 1S64. JIustered out with the Co. 
John \V. Lindsey, enl. Sept. 5, 18()4. JIustered out with the Co. 
William C Lane. enl. Sept. 13, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
William H. JIahoney, eul. Aug. 1(>, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Charles P. Nash, enl. Sept. li, 18ii4. JIustered out July 1, 1865. 
John J. Rounds, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Rugg, enl . Aug. 29, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
William B. Sickles, enl. .\iig. 31, 1864. Mustered out June 2, 1865. 
Daniel Shuliert. enl. Sept. 3, 18M. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph L. Sherman, enl, Sept. 6, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jeremiah Smith, enl, Sept. 16, 1864. Disch. July ", I_865. 
Emanuel (Smith, enl. Sept. 8, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Hiram H. Thompson, enl. Aug. .30, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jabez S. Tompkins, enl. Sept. 2, 1864. Disch. June 20, 1865. 
Conrad Wege, enl. Aug. 22, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Joseph JVeis, enl. Aug. 22, 18i>4. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Wolgamot, enl. Sept. H, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Yax, enl. Aug. 30. lHti4, JIustered out with the Co. 
Hiram Beebe, enl. Sept. 12, 18W. JIustered out with the Co. 
JIarion Coggswell, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Died at Camp Denoison, O., Jan. 

27, 1863. " 
.lonathan Reames. enl. Sept. 2, 1864. Died at Washington, D. C, Feb. 

23, 1H65. 
.\lbert Hawkins, enl. Aug. 23 1864. Disch. for disability April 4, 1865. 
Thomas Smith, enl. Aug. 26, ISM. Disch. for disability May 11, 18ia. 
Joshua P. Todd. enl. Aug. 17, 1864. Disch. for disabiUty June 12, 1865. 
Erasmus B. .\bt. (See Non-com. Staff.) 
William Jenkins, eul. Oct. 3. 1864. Transf. to Co. A, 18ist Reg., June 15, 

W>b. JIustered out July 14, 1K65. 
Jacob JIarkt. (See Non-com. Staff.) 
Jacob G. Orth, enl. Oct. 5. 1S61. Transf. to Co. A, 181st Reg,, June 15, 

I8i;5. JIustered out July 14, 18ii3. 
Horace Upson, enr. as Drummer Aug. 12, 1864. Transf. to Co. A, 181st 

Reg., June 1.5, 1865. JIustered out July 14, 1865. 
James W. Wheelock. (See Non-com. Staff.) 
Clark Decker, enl. Aug. 26, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 7. 1865. 

COJIPAXY c. 

Daniel Matthews, enl. Sept. 23, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. June 24, 

lSli.i, 

Walter J. Nelson, eul. Sept. 23, 1864. Mustered out w;tb the Co. 

COMPASY D. 

Franklin H. Carr, enl. Sept. 21, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. June 24, 

IHIi"). 

,Jeremiah C. Moulton, enl, Sept. 1.5, 1H64. JIustered out with the Co. 
Peter Ryan, enl. Sept. 13, 1M64. Disch, for disability April 4, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Sherwood \Vilco.\, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 29, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co. June 24. 1865. 
Joseph L. Oviatt. enl. Aug. 29, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 28, 1864. 

Disch. from Hosp. Jlay 3, 1865. 
Farrington Case, er r. as Corp. Sept. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George L. Andiews, enl. Aug. 29, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jlorris Blodgett, enl. Aug, 29, 1864. Disch. July 6, 1863. 
Frank D. Bailey, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Emory Case. enl. Sept, 7, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Oliver E. iJewey, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ferris C. Hull, eul. Aug. 29, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 



Monroe Freeman, enl. Sept, 1, 1864. Disch. June 22, 1865. 
Clinton B. Heather, enl. Sept. 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Spofford Heather, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Musrered out with the Co. 
Henry Holcomb, enl. Aug. 29, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Frank Jones, eul. Sept. 5, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Henry Livingston, enl. Aug. 29, 1-64. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patrick JIcNamara, enl. Sept. 10, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Martin, enl. Sept. 7, 1864. Mustered out w-ith the Co, 
Lyman Oviatt, enl, Aug, 29, 1864, JIusiered out with the Co, 
Edwin Powers, enl, .\ug, 29. 1864, JIustered out with the Co. 
.Martin Perrisville, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. JIustered out with the (^o. 
Thomas L. Starkweather, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. JIustered out with the Co, 
James H. Ackley, enl. Sept, 13, 1864, Died at Smithvilie, N, C, Feb. 25, 

1865. 
William H. Reutter, enl. Sept, 1, 1864. Died at Camp Dennison, , 

April 39. 1865. 

COMPANY F, 

Delos Elliott, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 3, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Feb. 1, 

186.5. Mustered out with the Co. June 24, 1865. 
Frank O. Richards, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 7, 1864. JIustered out with the 

Co. 
Henry A. HoUister, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 29, 1864. Disch. June 9, 1863. 
Henry C. Eckert, enr. as Sergt Sept. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co. 
Addison A. Root, enr. as Corp. Sept. 5, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Feb. 1, 

1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Roderick JlcCormick. enr. as Corp. Sept. 17, 1864. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Thomas C. Bentley, enl. Sept, 10, l^l Pr,)moted to Corp. Feb. I, 1865. 

JIustered out with the Co. 
Emmons J. Godfrey, enl. Sept. 3, 1864, Promoted to Corp, June 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
William B. Jliner, enr. as Corp. Sept. 3, 1884. Mustered out with the Co. 
Asahel Chamberlain, enr. as Corp. Sept. 10, 1864. JIustered out with 

the Co. 
Edward T. Hayes, enr. as Corp. Sept. 15. 1864. Mustered out with the 

Co. 
Isaac T. Ralph, enr. as Corp. Sept. 22, 1884. Mustered out with the Co. 
Luther M, HoUoway, enr. as Corp. Sept. 13. 1864. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Frank H. Deane, enr. as JIusician Sept. 3, 1864. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Alphonso Brook, enl. Sept. 9, 1S64. Mustered out with the Co. 
Alvin E. Becker, enl. Sept. 10, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Bryan, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Dillory, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
George W. Dancer, enl . Sept. 22, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Earle, enl. Sept. 22, 1864. JIustered out with the Co, 
Lewis Fisher, enl. Sept, 23. 1864, JIustered out with the Co. 
James Grogan, enl. Sept. 16, 1864. Disch. June 13, 1865. 
Hugh Gray, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Henry A. Grubb, enl. Sept. 16, 1864. Disch. May 29, 1865. 
Russell E. Griswold, enl. Sept. 13, 1864. Disch, July 13, 1.865. 
Simon Green, enl. Sept. 12. 1864. Mustered out with the (!o. 
Clark C. Griffen, enl. Sept. 7. 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Theophilus Glasser, enl. Sept. 10, 18f>4. JIustered out with the Co. 
John Hudson, enl. Sept. 16, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Hofmeister, enl. Sept. 21, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Joseph K. Harris, eul. Sept. 16, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Julius Hoskins, enl. Aug. 35, 1864. 

Hammond Hellmer, enl. Sept. 21, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Harris L. Jefts. enl. Sept. 2:i, 1864. 
James F. Knight, enl. Sept. 20, 1864. 

Shubal S, Marsh, enl. Sept. 2, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Robert JIaxwell, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Disch. June 1, 1865. 
Alfred H. JlcClarin, enl. Sept. 10, 1864. 

John JIcLauglilin, enl. Sept. 16, 1864. JIustered out with the Co, 
Isaac Onterkirk. enl. Aug. 31. 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Abraham Olcott, enl. Sept. 3, 18M. Disch. June 19, 1865, 
David Peters, enl. Sept, 16, 1864. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Charles H. Ranney, enl. Sept, 21, 18<i4. JIustered out with the Co. 
Edward P. Roggen, enl. Sept 10, 1864. Mustered out July 7, 1805. 
Patrick Rowley, enl. Sept. 12, 1864. 

John Reilly, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Henry \V. Rymers. eul. Sept. 16, 1861. JIustered out June 2:), 1863. 
Lemuel Root, enl. Sept. 12, 1864. Disch. Jmie 1, 1865. 
Jlichael Roniarie, enl. Sept. 23, 1864. JIustered out \rlth the Co. 
James Scrivens. enl. Sept. 16, 1864. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Jacob Schneider, enl. Sept. 23, lS<i4. JIustered out with the Co. 
David Throne, enl. Sept. 14, 18iM. JIustered out with the Co. 
Samuel Treep, enl. Sept. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Terry, enl. Sept. 7, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
James H. Waldo, enl. Sept. 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
August Kerr, enl. Sept. IT, 1864. Died at JIurfreesboro, Tenn. , Dec. 12 

18CH. 
George Olcott. enl Aug *•. l«il. Died.m Ho.sp. N Y. Harbor .\pril 19, 
1863, 



15fi 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Jacob 6. Rebber, enl. Sept. -22. 1864. Died in Hosp. at Cape Fear River 

Feb. 15. 1865. 
James F. Bennett, enl. Sept. 8, 1864. Disch. May iO. 1865. 
George F. Chapman, enl. Sept. 15, 1834. Disch. May -^4, 1863. 
Herman G. Norton. (See Non-com. Staff.) 



Gabriel M. Betz, enl. Sept. 14, 1.864. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. June 34, 1865. 
Alfred J. Thurston, enl. Sept. 15, 1864 Promoted to Corp. Jan. I. 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
George Baird, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1865. 
Robert E. Osborn. enr. as Musician Sept. 15, 1864. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
John Bragington. enl. Sept. 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patrick Kennedy, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Lyman F. Smith, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. Clustered out with the Co. 
Robert Cochran, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. Disch. from Hosp. May 44, 1865. 
Edwin E. Sumner, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. Disch. from Hosp. May 24, 1865. 
John B. Betz, enl. Sept. 15. 1864. Disch. June 8, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Charles P. Townsend, enl. Aug. 29, 1864. Promoted to Sergt. Sept. 22, 
1864, and to 1st Sergt. Oct. 8, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. June 
34, 1»6B. 

Andrew J. Lamb, enl. Sept. 1, 18B4. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 22, lo64 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Ebenezer J. Baiid, enl. Sept. 5, 1H64. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 8, 1864. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

John R. Moore, enl, Sept. 26, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Dee. 9, 1864. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Kenneth F. Davidson, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Promoted to Corp. April 30, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

William H. Avery, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1865. 
JIustered out with the Co. 

Angelo Andrew, enl. Aug. 27, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

James E. Barr, enl. Aug. 31. 1864. Taken prisoner Dec. 14. 1864. 

Jacob T. Barnett, enl. Aug, 29, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles S. Beckley, enl. Aug. 27, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Martin C. Bently, enl. Aug. 29, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

William BoUes, enl. Sept. 1. 1864. Mustered out with the Co, 

David Bonesteil, enl. Sept. 6, 1864, 

John Boughman, enl. Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

John E. Carter, enl. Aug. 25, 18(>4. 

John Cackler, enl. Sept. 8, 1864. 

Charles A. Churchill, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Louis B. Clark, enl. Sept. -3, 1864. Disch. June 16, 1865. 

Aimer H. Colvin, enl. Sept. 16, 1864. Clustered out with the Co. 

Simon Cay, enl. Sept. 5, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 

George Dalks, enl. Sept. 1, ISW. Mustered out with the Co. 

Harvey E. Dustin, enl. Aug. 29, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Louis Gillespie, enl. Sept. 9, 1864, Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas Gilbert, enl. Sept. 12, 1864. JIusteredout with the Co. 

Absalom O. Halliwell. enl. Aug. 29. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

John D. Hall, enl. Aug. 27. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

.Ubert R. Hewitt, enl. Aug. 27. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Robert Hogan. enl. .\ug. 29, 1S64. 

Edmund Jenkins, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Chipman R. Johnson, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. Disch. June 17, 1865. 

Joseph P. Johnson, enl. Sept. 3, 1864. 

Orris P. Lamb, enl. Sept. 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

George Mann, enl. Sept. 28. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Orrin Jlarkham, enl. Sept. 5. 1864. :Mustered out with the Co. 

Lester Robinson, enl. Sept. 30. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Christian Treep. enl. Sept. 6. 1864. Disch. July 5. 1865. 

George C. Blackwood, enl. Oct. 9. 1.804. Disch. May 211, 1865. 

COMPANY 1. 

George B. Squires, enr. as ad Lieut. July 30, 1864. Promoted to Capt. 

Oct. 3, 18»!4. Mustered out with the Co. June 24, 1865. 
Theodore B. Wise, enr. as 2d Lieut. Sep-. 10, 1864. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Oct. 8, ISW. Mustered out with the Co. 
Silas H. Kent, enr. as 2d Lient. .\ug. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Bailey, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 2, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 
Henry Strachle, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 28, 1864. Mustered out with the Co, 
Edwin H. Ricbman, enr. as Corp. Sept. 12, 1864, Mustered out with the 

Co. 
Romanus Binkley, enr. as Corp. Sept. 15. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Julius Boday. enl. Sept. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Peter Boday. enl. Sept. 13. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John T. Brown, enl. Sept. 2. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Melancton Binkley. enl. Sept. 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Hugh Boyd, enl. Sept. 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
David Cohensparger, enl. Sept. 27, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
William H. Faulktier, enl. Sept. 27, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Washineton Hoffman, enl. Sept. 14, ls64. 



John Hartwell, enl. Sept. 21, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Irwin, enl. Sept. 27, 1864. 

Almon Louden, enl. Sept. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel M. Lutes, enl. Sept. 17. 1864. Disch. May 30. 1865. 
Charles M. Lemengon. enl. Sept. 1. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Elliott T. Mellin, enl. Sept. 13. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Homer Overmine, enl. Sept. 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ansel Pomeroy, enl. Sept. 24, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederic Shovar, enl. Sept. 15. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
.\ustin Tuttle, enl. Sept. 10, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederick Wilson, enl. Sept. 21, 1864 Mustered out with the Co. 
Martin V. Faux, enl. Oct. 4, 1864. Transf. to 181st Reg., Co. A. June 15, 

1865. Mustered out July 14. 1865. 
Luther Morton, enl. Oct. 3, 1864. Promoted to Corp. March 18, 1865. 

Transf. to ISlstReg, Co A, Junel5. 1865. Mustered out July 14. 1865. 



Charles W. Batchelder, enl. Sept. 21, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

June 24, 1863. 
Jerry Belcher, enl. Aug. 29, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jnstus J. Brockett, enl. Sept. 22, 1864. JIustered out with theCo. 
Cloyd Hull, enl. Sept. 25, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Mattocks, enl. Sept, 6, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Horace Rockwell, enl. Sept. 21. 1864. Mustered out with the Co, 
Joseph Gillmore. enl. Sept. 7, 1864 Died at Wilmington, N. C, March 

7, 1865. 
Alfred C. Hartson, enl. Sept. 19, 1864. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Jan. 

31, 1865, 

ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTY-EIGHTH IXFAXTKY. 

The One Hundred and Eighty-eighth wa.* organ- 
ized at Camp Chase, liaviiigbeen recruited during the 
previous winter, on the 4th of March, 1805. for the 
term of one year. It contained one hundred and 
ninety-two Cuyahoga county men. It reached Xasli- 
ville on the 0th of March, when it was ordered to 
Murfreesboro, whence, after a two months' stay, it 
proceeded to Tullahoma. After a two months" so- 
journ at Tulhilioma. the regiment was ordered to 
Nashville, where it remained until its muster out on 
the 21st of September. It reached Camp Chase on 
the 24th, and on the 28th was paid and discharged, 

MKMBEKS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

NON-COSIMISSrONED STAFF. 

Perry C. Taylor, enl. Feb. 2-3, 1865. Promoted to Sergt. Jlaj. July 1, 1865. 

Mustered out Sept. 21, 1865. 
Daniel W. Zehner. enl. Feb. 27. 1865. Promoted to Q. M. Sergt. July 1, 

1865. JIustered out Sept. 21, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

John H. McGrath, enr. as Capt. March 3, 1865. Mustered out with the 

Co. Sept. 21, 1865. 
George E. Sanger, enr. as 1st Lieut. March 3, 1865. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
Ransom D. Burton, enr. as 1st. Sergt. March 4, 1865, Promoted to 2i)d 

Lieut. July 15, l.%5. Mustered out with the Co. 
John T. Miller, enr. as Corp. Feb. 4, 1865. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Aug. 

1, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James McLaughlin, eul. Feb. 15, 186.5. Promoted to Sergt Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Alonzo B. Stroud, enl. Feb. 9, 1865. Promoted to Sergt. Aug. 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Tibbitts, enl. Jan 10, 1865. Promoted to Sergt. Aug. 1, 186,5. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
David D. Towner, enl. Feb. 6, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Aug. 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Theodore Moore, enr. as Corp. Feb. 15, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Moses W. Bailey, enr. as Corp. Feb. 21, 18(35. Mustered out with the Co. 
James C. Palmer, enl. Feb. 6, 1865. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 1, 1865. 

JIustered out with the Co. 
Thomas C. Richmond, enl. Feb. 15, 1865. Promoted to Coip. Aug. 1, 1865. 

JIustered out with the Co 
John Perchek, enl. Feb. 14, 1865. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 1, 1803. JIus- 
tered out with the Co. 
William W. Salisbury, enl. Feb. 18, 1865. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 1, 1865. 

JIustered out with the Co. 
Stephen S. Parr. enl. Feb. 23, 1665. Promoted to Corp. Aug. 1, 1865. 

Disch. Sept. 7, 1865. 



rilK ONE YEAH IXFANTKY REGLMEN'I'S. 



157 



John Ackemian. enl. Feb. 10. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

.\sa A. .\<lan)S. enl. Feb. 15, lf(i.5. Mustered out with the Co. 

11. Blackford, enl. .Ian. 10. I860. Clustered out with the Co, 

Havid Bohm, enl. .Ian. IG 186.i. Mustered out witli the Co. 

Charles Benjamin, enl. Feb. 15. 1.^S. Mustered out with the Co. 

William P. Earlier, enl. Feb. Ifi. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Frank Butler, enl. Feb. 14. 18ii5. Mustered out with llie Co. 

Oliver Brake, enl. Feb. 2il iec5. Mustered out with the Co. 

William Beals. enl. Feb. 14, 1865 Mustered out with the Co. 

Perry Cackler, enl. 'Jan. 5.3. 1865. Musters d out with the Co. 

Thomas Cochlin. enl Feb. il. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Frank Couvrelte. enl. Feb. 14. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Frederick R. Chilson. enl. Feb. S«. IfUh. Disch. Sept. 4. 1865. 

Luther M Clark, enl. Feb. 2.3. 1805. Mustered out with the Co. 

Eli A. Dayton, enl. Feb. 14. 1865. Disch. .Sept. II, 1865. 

Fred I. Douthiel. enl. Feb. 80 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

William P. Punning enl. Feb. II. 180.i. Disch. Sept. 4, ISiio. 

D H Freeman, enl. Jan. 17. 18(i,5. Mustered out with the Co. 

George Gardner, enl. .Ian. 12. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

William H. Holbr. ok. enl. Feb. fi. l!-6.5. Disch. Aug' 81. 186.5. 

Fred. R Humphrey, enl. Feb. -,'4. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

William H. Jones enl. Feb. «, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Edward Johnson, enl. Jan. 21. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Casper Korner. enl. Feb. 20. 1805. Mustered out with the Co. 

Lewis Kohl. enl. Feb. 24. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

William O. Lyman, enl. Feb. 20, 1^65. Disch. Aug. 83. 1865. 

Henry W. Love. enl. ?"eli. 16. 1865. .Mustered out with the Co, 

Ervan Murph}'. enl. Jan. lU. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas Mooney. enl. Feb. 8. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Patrick Mack, enl, Feb, 20. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Fred. A. Mansfield, enl, Feb. 16. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Bryan Martin, eul. Feb. 1.5. 1865. Mustered out with the Co, 

John H. Miller, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Disch. Sept. 13, ISeS. 

.John Mosur. enl. Feb. 22, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Malone. enl. Feb. 19, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Michael >IcGue. enl. , Ian. 13. 1865. Musteied out with the Co. 

Henry Null, enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Nicholas Xeigler, enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

.\dam Ott. enl. Feb. 22, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

John H. Parr, enl. Feb. 23. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Fletcher, enl. Jan. 14, in;5. Mustered out with the Co. 

.lames H. Paige, enl. Feb 20, 1S65. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Benj. F. Richmond, enl. Feb. 15. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Isaac X. Reid. enl. Feb. 20. 1865. JIusiered out with the Co. 

Cieorge Ray. enl Feb. 20. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

.lohii Shea. enl. Feb. 23, 18i5. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Jacob Schood. enl. Feb, 22. 1H(J5. Mustered out with the Co. 

William Tropplett. enl. Feb. 22, l.^i.^. Jlustered out with the Co. 

A. D. Thomas, enl. Feb. 20, 18(B. Jlustered out with the Co. 

,lohu B. Ulter, enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Disch. Sept. 4, 18ti5. 

Philip Wellyard. enl. Feb. 24, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Charles Weick, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

George W. Wright, enl, Feb. 21. 1865. Disch. Sept. 4. 1865. 

.Vlbert Wynkoop. enl. Feb. 21. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Joseph Weeks, enl. Feb. 2. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co 

Edward Williams, enl. Feb. 7. 1*65. Jlustered out with the Co. 

George Green, enl. Feb. 6. 1865. Hied at Louisville. Ky., Jlarch 22. 1865. 

Alanson Palmer, eul. Feb. 14, 186.i. Died at Nashville. Tenn., Jlarch 23, 

I,S65. 
-Vlexander Paterson, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Died at JIurfreesboro, Tenn , 

April 19, 1865. 
Warren L. Judd, enl. Feb. 18, 1865. Died at JIurfreesboro, Tenn , June 

in, 1865. 
.Vndrew W. Duty. enl. Feb. 6. '.865. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 
Jiinathan R. Chaffee, enl. Feb. 20. 1865. Disch. fordisability Jlay 2.3, 1865. 
Henry E, Phile, enl. Feb. 18, lSfi5. Pisch. June 8, 1865. 
Charles Brown, enl. Feb. 22, 1865. Disch. July 14, 1865. 
Ezekiel Y. Flowers, enl Feb. 26, 1865. Disch. Aug. 31, 1865. 

COMPANY E. 

Ale.vander Jlclntosta. enr. as 2il Lieut. Jan. 6, 1865. Promoted to Capt 
Jlai'ch 2, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 21, 1865. 

Charles W. Baxter, enr. as 2 J Lieut. Jlarch 3. 1865. Jlustered out with 
the Co. 

Charles Scott, enr. as 1st Sergt. Jan. 17, 1S65. Jlustered out with the Co. 

William J. Pollock, enr. as Sergt. Jan. 13, 1865. Jlustered out with the 
Co. 

Edwin W. Phinney. enr. as Sergt. Jan. 84. 1865. Disch. Sept. 4. 1865. 

Henry L. Blair, enr. as Corp. Feb. 13, 18«. Promoted 10 Sergt. July 1, 
1865. Disch. Sept. 3, 1865. 

Klisha Frayer. enl. Feh. 20, 1865. Promoted to Sergt. Aug. I. 1865. Jlus- 
tered out with the Co. 

William Jlarshal. enr. as Corp. Feb. 13, 1865. Disch. Sept. 36, 1865. 

.\lanson Husony, enr. as Corp. Feb. 13. 1865. Mustered out with the Co 

F. G. Minor, enr. as Corp. Feb. I", 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

(ieorge Odell, enr. as Corp. Feb. 15. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

20 a 



Verneuil Minor, enr. as Corp. Feb. 21, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Louis .\nderson. enl. Feb. 17. 1865. Disch. Sept. 4. 1865. 
John Ambs. enl. Feb. 16. 1865. Jlustered out with the C >. 
John Beswick. enl. Feb. 17. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Francis W. Bradley, enl. Feb. 15, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Cornwall N. Brill, enl. Feb. 24, 1865. Mustered out wit • the Co. 
Daniel Cullour, enl. Feb 27, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Henry Dodsworth, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
John G. Dorsh, enl. Feb, 13. 1865. Disch. Oct. 17, I.S65. 
Joseph Davis, enl. Feb. 15. 1863. Jlustered out with the Co. 
George H. Everett, enl. Feb. 18, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
George B. Foster, enl. Feb. 24. 1805. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Stewart Gajiord, enl. Feb. 21, 1.S65. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Giles Gregory, enl. Feb. 13 18li5. Jlustered out Sept. 13, 1865. 
Warren Hende shot, enl. Feb 13. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Casper Hummell, enl. Feb. 16, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
George L. Hudson, enl. Feb. 4, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
William JI. Houck, enl. Feh. 13. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
William Hartman, enl. Feb. 24, 1865. Jlustered out Sept. 13, 1865. 
.loseph W. Kirby, enl. Feb. 13, 1865 Jlustered out with the Co. 
Conrad Litzell. enl. Feb. 14, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Thomas G Jlorgan. enl. Feb. 3, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Andrew JIcGrun. enl. Feb. 6. 1865. Jlustered outwMththe Co. 
Charles Ruple. enl. Feb. 17. 1865, Jlustered out with the Co 
George Spangler, enl. Jan. 2-3, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Frederick Stephens, enl. Jan. 13. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Anthony Smith^enl. Feb. 17, 1863. Jlustered out with the Co. 
James Felling eul , Feb. 14, 1863. JIust»red cut with the Co. 
John Valentine, enl. Feb. 14, 1865, Mustered out with the Co. 
G. Waters, enl Feb. 14, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Wolf, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
Orlando B. Welch, enl. Feb. 16. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward G. Beswick. enl. Feb. 15. 1865. Died at JIurfreesboro, Tenn., 

April 6. 1.865. 
John JI. Beswick. enl. Feb. 16, 1865. Died at Nashville, Tenn., June 

21, 1865. 
Samuel Pinker, enl. Feb. 20, 1863. liied at JIurfreesboro, May 10, 1865, 
Sidney Western, enl. Feb. 14. 1865. Died at Tullahoma, Tenn., May 21, 

1865. 
Asa C. Adams, enl. Feb. 20. 1865. Disch. Aug. 18, 1865. 
Patrick Burk, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Disch. July 14, 1863. 
Amos Clark, enl. Feb. 16. 1865. Disch. July 22. 186.5. 
Porter Greenfield, eul. Feb. 15. 1865. Disch. Jlay 22, 1865. 
James H. Husony. enl. Feb. 1-3. 186.3. Disch July 12, 1865. 
Reuben JlcClellan, enl. Feb. 14, 1865. Disch. July IS, 1865. 
Lawrence Pfister enl. Feb. 13. 1865. Disch. Ang. 22, 1865. 
William Quayle. enl. Feb. 16, 1865. Disch. July 4. 1865. 
John W. Ridgeman,.enl. Feb. 15. 1865. Disch. Jlay 22. 1865. 
Harvey Ruple. enl. Feb. 15. 1865 Disch. Jlay 16, 1865. 
Dudley Ruple. enl. Feb. 17, 18tS. Disch. July 22, 1865. 
William T. Wheeler, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Disch. Jlay 22, 1865. 
Perry C, Taylor. (See Non-Corn. StafT.) 
James JlcJIahan. eid. Feb, 6, 1-65. Disch. Aug. 21, 1865. 

COMPANY (i. 

John F. Kennedy, enr. as 2d Lieut. Jan. 5, 1865. Promoted to Capt. 

Jlarch 4, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. Sept. 21, 1865. 
George W. Voice, enr. as 1st Lieut. Jlarch 4, 1865. Resigned June 13, 

1863, 
Andrew W. Duty. enl. Feb 6. 1865. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Jlarch .3, 

1-^65. and to 1st Lieut. Co. G. July 13. 1865. Jlustered out Sept. 2i> 

18l». 

Sidney F. Sinclair, enr. as 2d Lieut. Jlarch 4. 1865. Died at JIurfrees- 
b.)ro, Tenn., April 2. 1865. 

John T. Zenner, enr. as 1st Sergt. Jlarch 4. 1865. Prom- ted to 2d Lieut. 
July 1, 1865 Jlustered out with the Co. 

George King, enr. as Sergt. Jan. 26, 1863. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

.Andrew Rick, enr. as Sergt. Feb. 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Co, 

Jacob Jlarks, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Promoted to Sei-gt. July 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Jacob Fraelier. eul. Feb. 17, 1865. Promoted to Sergt. July I, ISia. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Henry E. Bohm, enr. as Corp. Feb. 13. 1.8(i5. Jlustered out with the Co. 

James Dixon, enr. as Corp. .lau. 26. 1863. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Charles R. Sinborn. enr. as Corp. Feb. 21. 1863. Mustered out with Co. 

.Alexander Graham, enr. as Corp. Feb. 8, 18'i3. .Mustered out with Co, 

Henry Rohrig, enl. Feb. 8, 1863. Promoted to Corp. July 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Thomas Bradbeer, eul. Feb. 9, ISijo. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Henry C. Breckeuridge, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

George Bell. enl. Jan. 2.3. 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Samuel Bickfor<l. enl. Feb. 7, 18<a. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Henry J. Becker, eid. Feb. 20, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Henry J. Bums, enl. Feb. 10, 1865. JIusiered out Sept. 21, 1865. 

Thomas Conway, enl. Jan. 25, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 

Thomas Cragg, enl. Feb. 14, 186,3. Jlustered out with the Co. 



158 



GEXERAL HISTOEY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Joseph Cathcart. enl. Feb. 25, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Darius Deeds, enl. Feb 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Co, 

Michael D. Kukeubrod, enl. Feb. 8, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

James Ely. eul. Feb. 11. 1865. Disch. Sept. 13, IS65. 

Albert L. Fritscher. enl. Feb. 80, 1865. Mustered out %vith the Co. 

John A. Ferguson, enl. Feb. 6. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Foster, enl. Feb. 6, 18i>5. Mustered ont with the Co. 

Rufus Foster, enl. Feb. 6, 1865. Clustered out with the Co. 

William Fermenger, enl. Feb. 10. 1865. Mustered out nith the Co. 

John Gehringer. enl. Jan. 11. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Calvin Gaines, enl. Feb. 6, 18(». Mustered out with the Co. 

Patrick Gillespie, enl. Feb. 1", 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Christian Hahn, enl. Feb. 17, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Harrington, enl. Jan. 18. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

George Hotrichter. enl. Jan. 28. 1865 Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas J. Jacobs, enl. Feb. T. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles VT. Lyman, enl. Feb. 11, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Heury D. Leonard, enl. Feb. T, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Lane. enl. Feb. 25, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Allen Morrison, enl. Feb. 8, 1865. Disch. Sept. 5. 1865. 

William Myer. enl. Jan. 14. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Adam Ottinger, enl. Feb. 10. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

George Raquctt. enl. Jan. 25. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Sehrauer. enl. Jan. 20. Ir^j. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles Side, enl. Feb. 25. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles P. Smith, enl. Feb. 2. 1.865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Wright, enl. Jan. IT. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Jacob Wenner. eul. Jan. 31. 1865. Disch. Sept. 5, 1865. 

Isaac A. Tiffany, enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Died at Nashville, Tenn.. March 20, 

1^65. 
Joseph X. Brown, enl. Feb. 10, 1865. Died at Xashvil.e, July 29, 1865. 
Philip J. Probeck, enl. Feb. 11. 1865. Disch. for disability May 13. 1S65. 
Charles Vradenburg, eul. Feb. 1-5. 1865. Disch. for disability, May 23, 

1865. 
Hiram Bump. enl. Feb. 6, 1865. Disch. for disability Aug. 22 1865 
Michael Richardson, enl. Feb. 17, 1865. Disch. for disability Aug 22 

1865. 
John G. Edson, enl. Feb. 21, 186.5. Disch. for disability June 19. 1865. 
Daniel W. Zehner. (See Non-Com. Staff.) 

COMPANY I 

John H. Hoffmeier. enr. as 2nd Lieut. March 4, 1865. Resigned June 23 
1865. 

OXE HIXDRED AXD EIGHTV-XIX'TH IX-FAX-TRY. 

COIIPANT F. 

John B. Heckler, enl. Jan. 16, 1865. Promoted to Corp. May 17, 1865 

Mustered out with the Co., Sept. 28, 1865. 
Frederick Wlzeman. enl. Jan. 13. 1865. Promoted to Corp. May 18, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
William Wilbor. enl. Feb. 27. 1865. Promoted to Corp. June 14, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Jtatthew Wilbor. enl. Feb. 24. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Michael Gallagher, enl. Feb. 26, 1865. Disch. from Hosp. July 13, 1865. 

OX-E HUXPRED AXD XIXETY-THIRD IXFAXTRY. 

But sixty-uine men eiitered the One Hnudred aud 
Ninety-third from Cuyahoga county. The reo-imeut 
was organized at Camp Chase in March, 1865, for one 
year's service, and departed at once for the Shenan- 
doah valley. After reaching Charlestowu, near Har- 
per's Ferry, it was organized with other regiments 
into a brigade and inarched up the vallev to Win- 
chester, where it remained until after the surrender of 
the Rebel forces. General Sickles complimented the 
drill of the One Hundred and Xiuety-third bv select- 
ing it for provost-guard duty at Winchester in which 
service it continued until mustered out. After that 
it proceeded at once to Camp Chase, where it was dis- 
charged ou the 9th of August, 1865. 

MEMBERS FROM CCYAHOGA COUXTY. 

COMPANY 1. 

William C. Neagle, enr. as 1st Sergt. March 7, 1865. Mustered out with 

the Co. Aug. 4, 1865. 
John C. Watson, enl. Jan. 18, 1865. Promoted to Sergt. March 12, 1863. 

Mustered out with the Co. 



George C. Morris, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Promoted to Sergt. March 12, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co 

Benjamin Langell, enl. Jan. 17, 1.865. Promoted to Sergt. March 12, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles H. Bull, enl. Feb. 11. 1865. Promoted to Corp. March 12. 1865, 
and to Sergt. May 20. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

George W. Wilhams, enr. as Corp. Feb. 26, 1865. Mustered out with 
the Co. 

Benjamin Britton, enr. as Corp. Feb. 21, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

James M .Gregor, enr. as Corp. March 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Cornehus Minahan. enr. as Corp. March. 7, 1865. Mustered out with 
the Co. 

Lorenzo W. Twitchell, enl. Feb. 3, 1865. Promoted to Corp. May 20, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Roadliouse, enl. March 4, 1865. Promoted to Corp. May 20, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

George W. Aiken, enl. March 4. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Rody Anst. enl. Feb. 18, 1.865. Mustered out with the Co. 

James Bennett, enl. Feb. 15. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Warren Ball, enl. Feb. 10, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

George H. Beardsley, enl. Feb. 21. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles Colyer. enl. Feb. 18, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Cumnungs, enl. Feb. 14. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Robert H. Carlysle, enl. Feb. 18, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Amzi J. Day. enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Eilar. enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Eaton, enl. Feb. 24, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John G. Goetz. enl. Feb. 2.5. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Gray, enl. Feb. 25. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James H. Green, enl. March 4, 1865. Mustered out with Co. 
James T. Hastin s, enl. Feb. 15. 18ii5. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Hemler, enl. Feb. 27, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Hardy, enl. Feb. 2ti, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Halligan. enl. March 3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James A. Haymaker, enl. Jan. 13, 1.865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Hopkins, enl. Jan. 13, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Hagerliug, enl. March 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Jenkins, eul. Feb. 14. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward Jenkins, enl. Feb. 16, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Gottlieb Kaber. enl. Feb. 17, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Daniel Keneley. enl. March 7. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Benjamin T. Love. enl. March 2. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Warren Morris, enl. Feb. 13, 1.865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Lewis Maule. enl. Feb. 1. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Morgan, enl. Jan. 14, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Nicholas Meyer, eul. March 2. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William McKane, eul. Feb. 28, 1865. Absent sick at the muster out. 
Robert McCormiek, enl. Feb. 27, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John McKenna. eul. iiarch 7, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles L. Oberley, enl. Feb. 11, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Pierce, enl. Feb. 14, 1865. Musteied out with the Co. 
John Perew, enl. Jan. 31, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patrick H. Quinn, enl. Feb. 28 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
D. Rosekraus, enl. Maich 3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Solomon Rhinehart. enl. Feb. 17, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Nicholas Reis, enl. Feb. IS. 1865 Mustered out with the Co. 
Johnson Russell, enl. Feb. 16. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Strong, enl. Feb. 10, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Sebastian H. Snoball, eul. Feb. 15, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Sherman, enl. Feb. 16. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederic C. Senghas. enl. Feb. 25, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Eugene D. Smith, enl. Feb. 27. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Sweeney, enl. Feb. 14. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Lewis Turner, enl. Jan. 24. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William K. Thompson, enl. Feb. 24, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henrr Wagner, eul. Feb. 20. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Hadley, enl. Feb. 20, 18<a. Disch. June 19. 1865. 
Charles Willard, enl. Feb. 4, 1865. Disch. July 8, 1865. 
Perley Brush, enl. Feb. 14, 1865. Died at Camp Chase, O.. April 3, 1865. 
JamesT. Horton, enl. Feb. -3. 1865. Died at Wheeling, West Va , April 16 

1865. 
Isaac Weber, enl, Feb. 18. 1865. Died in Hosp. July 25, 18iB. 
Edward K. Hanscora. enl. Feb. 14, 1865. 
Addison M. Hotelling, enr. as 2d Lieut. March 13, 1865. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Charles M. Russell, enr. as Capt. March 12. 1865. Mustered out with Co, 

OXE Ht'XDRED AXD XIXETY-FOLRTH IXFAXTRY. 

Fifty-one men from Cuyahoga county enlisted in 
this regiment. It was organized at Camp Chase for 
one year's service in the forepart of March, 1865, and 
immediately proceeded to Charlestown, Va., where it 
was assigned to Major General Egan's division. The 



Tll£ ONE YEAR INFANTRY REGIMENTS. 



159 



surrender of Lee"s unny cut off all opportuuity for 
the regiment to engage in field service, and after re- 
turning to Washington it performed garrison duty 
there until niustorid out on the iith of October, 
18r,.-). 

MKMIIERS KKO.M < lYAHl-KJA COfXTY. 

COUPANV F. 

William Sims, enr. as and Lieut. Jan. \i, ISiiS. Prom. toCapt. March 14, 

181)3. Mustei-ed out with the Co. 
Eaward K. Hanscomb. enl. Feb. U, 1«65. Prom, to and Lieut. Co. F, 

194th Int. Mch. I.3. 18B5, and to 1st Lieut. July 9, 1863. Mustered out 

Oct. -24. l."ii>5. 
Frank H. Burnham, enr. as 1st gergt. .Ian. 18. 1865. Mustered out with 

the Co. Oct. 34. l!-63. 
James Amott, enr. as Sergt. Feb. ID. ISfi.'). JIustered out with the Co. 
Geoi'ge Keisen. enr. as Ser^t, Feb. 37, 186.5. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Nolan, enr. as Sergt. Feb. 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Abram Peruie. enr. as Corp. Feb. 10. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Roswell McKinzie, enr. as Corp. Feb. Vi, LfGo. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles K. Wells, enr. as Corp. Feb. 9, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward Wheeler, enl. Feb. 30, 1863. Pi-omoted to Corp. .July 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
John J. Wright, enl. Feb. 10, l.^S. Promoted to Corp. July 13, IsiiS. 

Mustered out with tlie Co. 
Henry Neet, enl. March 1, 1S65. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
David G. Bigelow, enl. Fel). 14. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Beardling. enl. Feb. 31. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward Brady, enl. Feb. 37. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Adam Boah. enl. Feb. 17, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Cummings, enl. Feb. 18, 1«65. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Chambers, enl. Feb. 13. l.-ieS. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Cochran, enl. Feb. 14, 1865, JIustered out with the Co. 
Gottfried Grim, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
John Graif, enl. Feb. 33, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Hollinger, enl. Jan. 31, lSii5. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward Herbert, enl. Feb. 28. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Philip Hoch. enl. Feb. 25. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Kahl. eid. Feb. 3S, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Philip Kuntz. enl. Feb. 38. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Kindiey. enl. Feb. 13, 1864. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Kallakey, enl. Feb. 15, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William G. Matthews, enl. Feb. 14, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Nicholas Jlilliman. enl. Jan, 17. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Jleyer, enl. Feb. 11, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jacob Jlyei-s. enl. Feb. 35. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
John S. Xaef, enl. JIarch 1, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
George H. Pettingill, enl. Feb. 31, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Daniel Pitkin, enl. Feb. 6. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Albert Rodiir. enl. JIarch 3, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Gottlieb Roth. enl. .Ian. Hi. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Morris Schneider, enl. Feb. 7, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederick Schwab, enl. Feb. 33, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Patrick Schocency. enl. Jan. 33, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Conrad Wagner, enl. Feb. 31, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
John Boyer, enl. Feb. 31, I.''65. Disch. May 18. 1865. 
John Nickel, enl. Feb. 18. 1H)m. Disch. June 33, 1S65. 
George Stokes, enl. Feb. 13. ixw. Disch. Jlay 16. 1863. 
JIanly Cole, enl. March 1, Wio. Disch, from Hosp. JIarch 14, 1865. 
Paul Perry, enl. Feb. 5, 1865. Left in Hospital at Cumberland. JId., July 

16. 1S65. 
Charles Daly, enl. Feb. 17, 1865. Promoted to Corp. Disch. May 33. 

1S65. 
Daniel Schwab, enl. Feb. 33, 1865. Disch. May 19, 1865. 
JIartin Thompson, enl. Feb. 33, 1865. Disch. Jlay 33, 1865. 
Cordan Cherry, enl. Feb. 34, 1.865. Disch. Jlay 33, 1865. 
Chauncey E. Bryce, enl. JIarch 1, 1885. Died at Harper's Ferry July 35. 

George W. Hurd. enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Disch. Jlay 3». 186j 



ONE HrXDKKK AND NIXETV-FIFTU IXFANTRV. 

TIlis regiment wa- recruited in Marcli. 18G5, for a 
.■service of one year, and had forty-four Cuyahoga- 
county men in its ranks. Leaving Camp Chase di- 
rectly after its organization, the One Hundred and 
Xinety-fifth readied Harper's Ferry on the 25th of 
March, aiul. after doing garrison duty at that point a 
few day.-, went into camp at Winchester. Va. After 



Lee's surrender the regiment was ordered to Alexan- 
dria, and there did provost-guard duty until the mus- 
ter-out at Washington in December, 1805. 

MEJIHEKS KKOJI ( LVAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Charles H. Babcock. enr. as 1st Lieut, and Q. JI. March 30, 1865. JIus- 
tered out with the Reg. Dec. 18. 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Edwd:d Vaillant. enr. as Capt. March 30, iSfi3. JIustered out with 

the Co. 
Andrew J. Hering, enr. as3nd Lieut. Jlnrch 30, 1865. Resigned Nov. 3, 

1.863. 
Henry Gayer, enr. as Sergt. March 3, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Dec. 18, 1863. 
Joseph Conkey, enr. as Sergt. JIarch 3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co, 
Nathaniel G. Foster, enr. as Sergt. JIarch. 7. 186.5. Mustered out with 

the Co. 
James D. Chapman, enr. as Sergt. JIarch 4, 1863. JIustered out with 

the Co. 
Jlonroe D. Thomas, enr. as Corp. March 6. 1865. JIustered out with 

the Co. 
George Jlontague. enr. as Corp. JIarch 9, 1865. Died Dec, 1863. 
James C. Ryan, enr. as Corp. JIarch 6, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jacob A. Jliller, enr. as Corp. JIarch 7, 1865. Absent at time of muster 

out. 
Charles ,Cook, enr. as Corp. JIarch 7, 1865. Absent at time of mus- 
ter-out. 
Cieorge Asken, enl. JIarch 6, lHi;5. JIustered out with the Co. 
Jlichael Behan, enl. JIarch 7. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
John J. Babbitt, enl. March 3, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Lester C. Beardsley, enl. JIarch 6. 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Nicholas P. Eighmy enl. March 7, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Frederick Fay, enl. JIarch 8, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Beuj. F. George, enl. JIarch 7, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Henry Gates, enl. March 7, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Thomas Gowman. enl. JIarch 3, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Smith X Higgins. enl. March 6. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Alfred B. Higgins. enl. JIarch 6. 1865. JIustered out w-ith the Co. 
Charles T. Higgins. enl. JIarch 0, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Charles N. Higgins. enl. JIarch 6, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Franklin J. Kirk. enl. March 10, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Theodore Little, enl. JIarch 7, 1865. 
Burnett Lewis, enl. March 9, 1865. 

Jlichael JIanny, enl. JIarch 9, 1S63. JIustered out with the Co. 
Henry JI. Jlesser. enl. JIarch 9. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Seeley Jlouut, enl. JIarch 9, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
John J. Neville, enl. JIarch 6, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Charles E. Reader, enl. JIarch 6, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
John Simmons, enl. Jtareh 3, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Frederick A. Skeels. enl JIarch 4. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Nathan Sovde, enl. JIarch 6, 1865. JIustered out with the Co 
Thernn C. Soule, enl. Feb. 30, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Frank B. Storer. enl. JIarch 7, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Fayette L. Thomas, enl. JIarch 6, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Levi Turcott. enl. JIarch 3, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
Robert Taite. enl. JIarch 7, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Peter S. Wright, enl, JIarch 7. 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
William Zimmer. enl. JIarch 6. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
John A. Ryan. enl. JIarch 6. 1865. Disch. tor disability June 23. 186.5. 
Albert S, Sherman, enl. JIarch 7, 1865. Disch. June 39, 1865. 



ONE HUNDKEli AND N I N FT Y-.-^IXTH INFAXTHY. 



Eben S. Coe, enr, as Capt. Co. H, 134th Inf.. Nov. 17. 1863. Promoted to 
Lieut. Col. 196th Inf. JIarch 36. I,s65. JIustered out Sept. 11. 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

.lohn H. Inraan. enr. as Corp. JIarch 11. 1865. JIustered out with the ( o. 

Sept. II, 1863. 
Enoch .\llerton. enr. a.s Cirp. JIarch 13. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
George W. Jliller. enr. as Corp. JIarch 13. 1865. 
John Brown, enl. JIarch 10. 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
John CoUon, enl. JIarch 11, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Anthony Ernst, enl. JIarch 10, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
Adam Schwemler, enl. JIarch 9. 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 
William A. Wilcox, enl. JIarch 11, 1863 JIustered out with the Co. 
Philip Houck, enl. JIarch 10, 1885. Disch. June .3, 18'i3. 



160 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



ONE HUNDRED AXD NINETY-SEVENTH INFANTRY. 

The One Hundred and Xinety seventh was the last 
regiment sent to the field from Ohio, and was re- 
cruited to a total strength of one thousand and six 
men, of whom fortv-uine were from Cuyahoga county. 
All but five of its officers, and about half of its men, 
had seen service. 

The regiment was organized April 13, 1865, for 
one year, and on the 25th left Camp Chase for 
Washington. The war being then practically over, 
the One Hundred and Ninety-seventh had no chance 
to earn especial distinction. It was assigned to the 
Ninth army corps, and after spending a few days in 
camp near Alexandria returned to Washington. It 
soon left for Dover, Del., when it lay in camp four 
weeks. From that time until July 31st — when it was 
mustered out at Baltimore — the regiment did guard 
duty along the line of the Baltimore and Ohio rail- 
road, and at the camps, forts and hosi)itals in and 
near Baltimore. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Gerfhom JI. Barber, enr. as Lieut. Col. Api-il 12, 18t»5. Mustered out 

with the Reg. July 31, 1S65. 
George W. Pease, enr. as Asst. Surg. April 3, 1S65. Mustered out with 

the Reg. 



William Hubbard, enr, as Corp. Feb. 15, ISiio. Mustered out with the 

Co. July 31, 18B3. 
John Hogan. enl. Feb. 38, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 



Harry W. Jones, enr. as Lieut. April 10, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Addison M. Bloom, enr. as 1st Sergt. Feb. 38, 1865. Mustered out with 
the Co. July 31, 1865. 

Jeremiah B. Black, enr. as Sergt. Feb. 18, 1865. Mustered out with Co. 

Spencer C. Norton, enr. as Corp. Feb. 34, 1863. Mustered out with Co. 

George W. AVadsworth. enr. as Corp. March 2, 1865. Mustered out with 
the Co. 

John Owen, enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Promoted to Corp. July 8, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Kugene Adams, enl. March 24, 1H65. Clustered out with the Co. 

Lemuel H. Barney, enl. March 2, 1865. Mustered out wiihthe Co. 

Joseph R. Baker, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. JIustered out with the Co. 

Wesley Booth, enl. Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Wallace C. Davis, enl. Fel). S3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

David Evans, enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Miuhael Epple, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Stephen Farren, enl. March 3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Franz Herbeigei-, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Jacob Howesworth, enl. Jan. 13, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Gustave Houpt, enl. Feb. 20, 1.865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas Kirchner, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

George W. Ketchum, enl. Feb. 15, 1865. Dsch. Jlay 22, 1865. 

Charles Larish, enl. March 3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

William Lillie, enl. Jan. 30, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

John M. Jloore, enl. Feb. 23. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

S. E. Manly, enl. Feb. 3a, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Abram Martin, enl. Feb. 27, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

George C. Morgan, enl. Feb. 27, 1865. Clustered out with the Co. 

Thomas JleDermott, enl. Jan. 28, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Bartholemew Neumour, enl. Feb. 20, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Bradley Pelton, enl. March 24, 1865. Clustered out with the Co. 

David Poulette, enl. March 2, 1865. Died at Cleveland, O., Aug. 20, 1865. 

Carl Peterson, enl. Jan. 13, 1805. Mustered out with the Co. 

Michael Renschler, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Sharpcott, enl. March 2, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Oscar Sinimonds, enl. March 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

John Schacterle, enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Vaupell, enl. March 1. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Carl Woitheie, enl. Jan. 28, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Smith Kingsbury, enl. Feb. 13, 1865. Disch. July 27, 18ii5. 



James CuUen. enl. March 2. 1865. Disch. June 27, 1865. 

James Miller, enl. Feb. 15, 1865. Disch. tor disability June 14, 1865. 

Gustave Richler, enl. Feb. 31, 1865. Disch. July 8, 1865. 

Henry Dunwell, enl. Feb. 14, 1865. Died at Camp Chase, O.. June 13, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

Charles H. Bellinger, enl. 5Iarch 29. 1n65. Clustered out with the Co. 

July 31, 1865. 
Nicholas Streator, enl Feb. 21, 1865. .Mustered out with the Co. July 31, 

1865. 
Eli M. Jennings, enl. Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Shafer. enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

ONE HUXDKED AND XINETY-EKiHTH INFANTRY. 

But eight companies of tlii.s jiroposed regiment had 
been recruited at Camp Cliase when, the war being 
declared at an end, the companies were disbanded and 
the men departed for their homes. Of the enlist- 
ments into the One Hundred and Ninety-eighth, 
fifty-one were from Cuyahoga county. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOiiA COUNTY. 



Andrew J. Raynor, enr. as 1st Lieut. April 21, 1865. Mustered out with 

the Co. May 8, 1865. 
John H. Brooks, enl. Feb. 21, 1865. Mustered out wi h the Co. 
John Cass, enl. March 13, 1835. Mustered out with the Co. 
Calvin C. Carr. enl. March 29, 1865. Musteied out with the Co. 
John A. Fitzwater. enl. March 23, 1805. Mustered out with the Co. 
Sharon P. Inman. enl. March 39, 1865. Mustered out with the C'o. 
Thomas Kelley, enl. JIarch 23, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
David H. McCrary, enl. March 89, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Patrick McGree, enl. March 25. 1865. Mustered out with the C'o. 
Henry Roberts, enl. .\pril 13, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Benj. F. Ray, enl. March 16, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Minot Stebbins, enl. Jlarch 39, 1S65. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Q. A. Samson, enl. March 29, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William N. Smith, enl. March 31, 1865. Mustered out witli the Co. 

COMPANY D. 

Perry Prentiss, enr. as Capt. April 22, 1865. Mustered out with the Co 

May 8. 1863. 
Edgar J. W'oodward, enr. as 1st Lieut. Mustered out with the Co. 
James D. W. Mandeville, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Apiil 33, 1865. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Conrad Busch, enl. March 14. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Byron H. Bosley, enl. March 30, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Adam Baisch, enl. JIarch 27, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edwin M , Bailey, enl. March 25, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Robert Curphey, enl. .\pril 6, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Dunn, enl. April 4, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William R. Dyson, enl. March 29, 1805. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Fritz, enl. March 38, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frederick Hacker, enl. March 21, 1865. Mustered out; with the Co. 
James Hawkins, enl. .\pril 6, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Willis M. Hepburn, enl. March 2.5. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Hamlin, enl. March 35, 1.865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Hellmer, enl. .\pril 4, 1865. Mustered out wjth the Co. 
James H. Kiucaide, enl March 21, 1865. Mustei-ed out with the Co. 
William D. Keller, enl. .\pril 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Martin L. Keller, enl. Maich 35, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Koneman, enl. Ajiril 4, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William H. Magridge enl. March 37. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Meyer, enl. March 28, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Hart Newhall, enl. March 21, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James P. Nichols, enl. March 24. 1805. Clustered out with the Co. 
,Iames O'Connor, enl. April 4, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Price, enl. March 27, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Schwab, enl. March 29, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Christian Schwartz, enl. JIarch "SS. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Schloman, enl. .\pril 4, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
.Alfred Schring, enl. JIarch 21, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles D. Towner, enl. April ,•<, I8(i.5. Mustered out with the Co. 
Conrad Walinser, enl. .March 30, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
.John Wagner, enl. April 5, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Werkmeister, enl. April 4, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
John Whitworth, enl. March 27, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James Wilson, enl. April 13, 1865. Jlustered out with the Co. 
John Zimmerman, enl. .\pril 4, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 



THE SIIAKPSIIOOTERS. 



161 



CHAPTER XXXII. 



THE SHAHPSHOOTBRS. 



The Governor's Intfnti.m— fafit. Barbt-i-'s C'uynh.iga Company— Other 
Companies— The Test of Admission— A Battalion organized— It joins 
Roseerans— T«-o more Companies— At Chicliamanga— Covering J. C. 
Davis' Retreat — Ordered to protect the Road — Looking over the 
Ground— Taking Position — The Duel across the River — The Rebels 
retreat— Various Scouts— On a Gunboat- A Rebel Spy— A Dangerous 
Road— A Texan Ambush— The Sharpshooters driven out of Town— 
Shelhng the Place — The Torch— A Texan Charge repulsed — Other 
Gunboat Service —Joining Sherman — Guarding the Ammunition — 
Back with Thomas — Captain Barber mustered out — The Battalion 
mustered out— Names of the Cuyahoga Sharpshooters. 

Ix the autumn of 18G3 Gov. Tod undertook to raise 
ten independent eonijianies of sharpshooters, to serve 
on special duty, without field ofScers. Capt. Gershom 
M. Barber raised a compan}- which was largely com- 
posed of residents of Cuyahoga county, and which 
was denominated the Fifth Independent C'ompany of 
Sharpshooters. Tlie Sixtii and Seventh companies 
were also recruited in this county; tlie captains hav- 
ing free access to the large camp of drafted men at 
Camp Cleveland. A portion of their men were actual 
residents of the county, though generally credited to 
other counties in wliich the captains resided. The 
Ninth and Tenth companies were also largely com- 
posed of Cuyahoga-county men, but, as previously 
stated these were mustered into the Sixteenth In- 
fantry and served with that regiment. 

On the companies being completed, the Fiftii. Sixth 
and Seventh were organized in a battalion, and Capt. 
Barber, as the senior officer, was placed in command. 
The men were all picked with reference to their 
physical ability, and before being mustered each was 
required to make a " string" of not exceeding twenty- 
five inches in five shots, at one hundred yards off-hand 
or at two hundred yards at a rest. Their uniform 
was the same as that of the infantry, except that the 
trimmings were green, and they were armed witii Spen- 
cer's seven-shooting rifies. 

They remained at Camp Cleveland, rti'ilJing as in- 
fantry and also practicing at the target, until .Marcli, 
18i>3, when they joined Rosecrans' army at Murfrees- 
boro, and were attached to tiie general's headquarters 
for special service. The battalion was never brigaded, 
but remained permanently attached to the headquar- 
ters of the Army of the Cumberland throughout the 
war; being detailed on special duty whenever neces- 
sary. The battalion was there joined by the Fourth 
and Eighth Independent companies: the whole being 
under the command of Capt. Barber. The Fourth 
company, however, was detached just before the bat- 
tle of Chickamauga. 

At that battle two companies, of which the Fifth 
was one, were in charge of the department headquar- 
ters. On Sunday, the third day of the fight, while 
they were on their way, under orders, to join Gen. 
iiosecrans. and while in rear of Gen. Jefferson C. 
Davis' division, there was a general break along the 
Fnion lines, and that division retreated: leaving the 
sharpshooters directly in front of the enemy. Unable 
to join Rosecnius. Capt. Barber reported to Davis, 



who ordered him to fall back four hundred yards and 
form line of battle. He did so, and Davis attempted 
to rally his division in the rear. It broke, however, 
and a similar order was again sent to Capt. Barber 
and obeyed. Four times the sharpshooters formed in 
line and engaged the enemy's advance; thus covering 
the retreat of Davis" division, and at length following 
it from the field. 

When, after that battle, the rebels cut off the sup- 
plies from the army at Chattanooga, Gen. Rosecrans 
had a road built westward along the north side of the 
Tennessee. But the rebel sharpshooters from across 
the river, at the point where it passes through the 
Cumberland mountains, broke up the first supply 
train; killing many of the men and horses. A regi- 
ment of Kentucky infantry and a battery of artillery 
both proved unable to protect the exposed point. 
Capt. Barber was then ordered to detail fifty men for 
that purpose. He obtained permission to go in com- 
mand himself. 

Taking his detail to the locality on the rainy after- 
noon of the 13th of October, 1863, he went over the 
exposed road, attended only by a guide, to lay out hi.s 
plans. Nearly a hundred shots were fired across the 
river at the two men, but by keeping on the move 
they escaped injury. Having thus ascertained just 
where the enemy was posted, the captain at three 
o'clock the next morning led his men on to the 
ground, and stationed them in squads opposite the 
positions occupied by the rebels. 

At dawn both parties began firing across the river. 
A series of lively duels was kept up until ten o'clock, 
at which time the rebels withdrew up the mountain, 
leaving Capt. Barber and his men complete masters 
of the position. Only one man was wounded and he 
but slightly. They afterward learned from spies and 
prisoners that the rebels suffered very severely in 
killed and wounded before they abandoned the posi- 
tion. The detachment was joined by the rest of the 
battalion, and held the ground in question until 
Hooker's two corps arrived and communications were 
entirely restored. 

At Mission Ridge the sharpshooters were held in 
reserve. After that, they were at headquarters most 
of the time till the first of May, 1864, though they 
were engaged in a protracted scout between the hos- 
tile lines in February, and the Fifth and Eighth 
companies were located forty miles up the Tennessee, 
to ))rot('ct Union citizens, during part of March and 
April. 

From about the first of May until the first of July 
the battalion manned a gunboat m the Tennessee, to 
keep the banks and vicinity clear of rebel guerrillas 
and raiding jiarties. 

On the 12th of May about sixty-five men came near 
being massacred through the management of the pilot 
of the gunboat, who turned out to be a rebel spy. 
The negro huts and storehouses of a plantation on 
the soutli side of the Tennessee had been made the 
liead(|uarters of a body of T'exas Rangers, who were 



162 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



accustomed to cross the river, do what injury they 
could to the Union forces and return thither. Cap- 
tain Barber determined to clear them out. The pilot 
suggested, and the captain agreed, that the boat 
should lie near the town, as it was called, through 
the night, then land below it and march up the river 
road, under the protection of the boat, to attack it. 

In the night the pilot got ashore, and warned the 
rebels what they might expect. On landing, the 
captain found the river road so favorable to ambush, 
and so little protected by the gunboat, that he struck 
across to another. On the sharpshooters nearing the 
forks of the two roads, near a hundred Texans sprang 
up out of the ambush in which they had placed them- 
selves on the river road. Thirty or forty shots were 
fired on a side, when the rebels fled. The sharp- 
shooters advanced into the so-called town, and at- 
tacked a store-house filled with plunder from the 
other side of the river. Immediately the rebels, con- 
cealed in other houses and in masked works on the 
hillside, opened a heavy fire, driving the Unionists to 
the shelter of the gunboat, with a loss of three killed 
and wounded. The negroes were then warned to leave, 
and the gunboat shelled the town from end to end, 
soon driving out the rebels. Afterwards a detachment 
was sent ashore to burn it, as was done to all houses 
Irom which the Union troops were fired on. The rest 
of the sharpshooters landed to repel attacks. The 
Texans, not knowing of the covering party, charged 
across an open space to destroy the burners. The 
sharpshooters met them with a terrific fire from be- 
hind cover, with their Spencer rifles, and more than 
half the assailants were killed or wounded. These 
operations entirely broke up the nest of marauders 
which had previously lurked in the vicinitj'. The ne- 
groes were taken on the gunboat and sent to the contra- 
band camp at Nashville, which was where they were 
anxious to go. 

The sharpshooters, while patrolling the river, passed 
through several other interesting experiences, which 
we have not space to relate here. After their gun- 
boat service was over, they joined Sherman's army 
at Big Shanty. The Seventh company became that 
general's headquarter guard, and the others were in 
charge of the anuinition train of the army of the 
Cumberland, from that point to Atlanta. Afterward 
the battalion of three companies returned to Tennes- 
see and was made Gen. Thomas' headquarter guard, 
which position it held till the close of the war. In 
April, 1865, Capt. Barber was mustered out to accept 
the lieutenant-colonelcy of the One Hundred and 
Ninety-seventh Infantry, and the battalion was mus- 
tered out on the 19th of July following. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 

FIFTH COMPAXT. 

Gei-shom M. Barber, enr. as Capt. Nov. 1, 1802. Promoted to Lieut. Col. 
19rth Inf. April 13, 1S05. 



Jonathan Pickard, enr. as 1st Lieut. Not. 1, 1802. Res. Sept. 9, 1864. 
VV. N . Watsou, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Promoted to 2d Lieut. July 1, 18(>4, and 

to 1st Lieut. May 1, ISO.?. Mustered out with the Co. July 19, lKi;.5, 
Franklin H. Somers, enr. as 2d Lieut. Oct. 14, 1862. Promoted to 1st Lt. 

Nov. 20, 1863. Disch. May 7, 1864. 
William C. Lemon, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 11, 1862. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 

May 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. July 19, 1865. 
Edward P. Thompson, enl. Oct. 22, 18(iS. Promoted to Corp. Mustered 

out with the Co. 
Francis E. Racket, enl. Oct. 15, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph R. Joiner, enl. Aug. 18, 18&4. Disch. June 19, 1865. 
Samuel Lay, enl. Oct. 10, 1862. Disch for disability June 21, 1864. 
George W. Newton, enl. Oct 23, 1S62. Disch. for disability Oct. 31. 1H63. 
William B. Waring, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Disch. Jan. 20, 1865. 
Michael C. Smith, enl. Jan. 4, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Noakes, enl. Oct. 13, 1802. Promoted to Corp. 
George A. Blakeslee, enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George B. Canniff, enl. Oct. 28, 1862. Disch. tor disability June 27, 1865. 
Truman Drake, enl. Dec. 8. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henr.v H Houseman, enl. Feb. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Upton Housman, enl. Dec. 12. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William James, enl. Oct. 20, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Johnston, enl. Dec. 2, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas Locke, enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Markee, enl. Dtc. 10, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Artemus Pratt, enl. Oct. 13, 1802. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas Robinson, enl. Dec. 7, 1.S6 '. Mustered out with the Co. 
Andrew J. Windsor, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William L. Stearns, enr. as 1st Sergt. Oct. 21. 1862. 
Norman D. Jleacham, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 27, 1863 Disch. for disability 

March 26. 18(3. 
Simeon S. Canniff, enl. Oct. 23, 18S2. Disch. for disability May 9, 1863. 
Ephraim Pratt, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Disch. for disability Jan. 10, 1865. 
Charles H. Porter, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Disch. for disability Jan. 26, 1864. 
Herman M. Reeves, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Disch. for disability May 12, 1863. 
Nicholas H. Ward, enl. Dec. 8, 1863. Disch. for disability April 15, 1864. 
Joseph A. Clarke, enl. Oct. 17, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. July 19, 

1865. 
Sidney Downey, enl. Oct. 28, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Moi ris J. Stockman, enl. Nov. 1, 1862. Mustered out with the Co 
Elisha Lewis, enl. Nov. 3, 1862. Disch. Sept. 12, 1863. 
Gilbert Terry, enl. Nov. 14, 1862. Disch. May 25, 1865. 
Luke Abel, enl. Oct. 23, 1863. Promo;ed to Corp. Died at Murfreesboro, 

Tenn., May 23, 1863. 
Sullivan S. Marble, enl. Oct. 14, 1862. 
Charles Glines, enl. Nov. 6, 1862. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., April 26, 

1863. 
Mark J. Chevalia, enl. Dec. 28, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. July 19, 

1865. 
Harvey T. Miller, enl. Dec. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William E. Williams, enl. Dec 17. 1863. Left in Hosp. Jan. 27, 1865. 
Gershom M. Barber, enr. as Capt. Nov. 1, 1862. Disch. April II, 1865. 
Jonathan Pickard, enr. as 1st Lieut. Nov. I, 1862. Resigned Sept. 9, 1863. 
Edward U. Adams, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Disch. June 2, 1865. 
James M. Hall, enl. Oct. 30, 1862. Disch. for disability June 22, 1863. 

SIXTH COMPANY 

Simon Fockler, enl. March 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. July 13, 

1865. 
Louis Peisker, enl. Dec. 19, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Robert Enghsh, enl. Feb. 20, 1863. Transf. to Inv. Corps Sept 1, 1863. 

SEVENTH COMPANY. 

Patrick Smith, enl. Oct. 11, 1862. Promoted to Corp. July 20, 1863. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. July 28, 1865. 

George W. Jlorgan, enl. Dec. 6, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 30, I863_ 
Mustered out with the Co. 

John Black, enl. Oct. 15, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

James Bowles, enl. Feb. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Frank Canfield, enl. Oct. 31, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

Thomas B. Deselmo, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

Ira E. Durand, enl. Oct. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

James R. Saunders, enl. Jan. 12, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Samuel Wray, enl. Nov. 26, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 

Martin S. Ward, enl. Jan. 22, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 

Hiram Tisdale enl. Oct. 13, 1802. Transf. to Vet. Res, Corps Aug. 13, 
1863. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out Aug, 3. 1865. 

David J. Nicholas, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Died at Nashville, Aug. 20, 186:1. 

Frank Stephens, enl. Oct. 27, 1862. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., June 
23, 1863. 

Thomas Millei-. enl. 10, 1862. Mustered out July 38, 1865. 



SECOND AND SIXTH CAVALRY, ETC. 



163 



CHAPTER XXXIII. 

SECOND AND SIXTH CAVALRY. ETC, 

A Wfstern Reserve Regiment— Camp Wade and Camp Deiinison— III the 
Far West— A Fight with Quantrell— Chasing Rebels and Indians— In 
tlie Indian Territory— Men detailed tor a Battery— Service under Gen. 
Blum— The Victory of Prairie Grove— Returning to Ohio— Fighting in 
Kentucky— Capturing Morgan— Through to East Tennessee— Numer- 
ous Conrticts- Re-enlisting— Ordered East— Over the Rapidan— Under 
Sheriilan— Hanover Court House and Ashland— Ream Station, etc.— 
On the Shenandoah— Capturing a Regiment— Battle after Battle- 
Winter Quarters- The Last Raid of the War-Large Captures— Back 
to Missouri— Mustt red out— Members from Cuyahoga County- Sol- 
diers of the Third Cavalry— Organization of the Sixth Cavalry— Sent 
to Virginia— First Fight at Strasbiirg— Cross Keys and Cedar Moun- 
tain—Hard Service on the Rappahannock- A Brilliant Dash— 1 he Bat- 
tle of Kelly's Ford— Splendid Charge of Co, A— Fighting with Stuart 
—Gettysburg— A Large Capture— Numerous Conflicts in Virginia— 
Re-enlistment— Hard Fighting \gain— Inside the Lines of Richmond 
—On the Weldon Railnnad— Battles of Hatcher's Run- Five Forks— 
Appomatox— Subseiiuent Services— Mustered out— Officers and Sol- 
diers from Cuyahoga County. 

SECOXD CAVALRY. 

The Second Ohio Cavalry — the first regiment of 
that arm of the service raised iu the northern part of 
thf State — was recruited in the summer of 18(51 under 
the supervision of Hon. B. F. Wade and Hon. John 
Ilutchin.-;, to whom the Wai\Department gave special 
authority for that purpose. Cuyaiioga county fur- 
ni.shed three hundred and fifteen members; Companies 
B and K being principally from this county, while 
smaller quotas entered all the other companies. The 
regimental complement was almost entirely drawn 
from the Western Reserve, and contained a large pro- 
portion of men of intelligence and social prominence. 
The Second was mustered into the three-years ser- 
vice at Camp Wade, near Cleveland, where it was uni- 
formed, mounted and partly drilled. Late in No- 
veml)er it was moved to Camp Dennison, where it 
remained until the receijit of marching orders early 
in January, 1862. 

It then moved to Platte City, Mo., and during the 
ensuing three weeks was employed in scouting along 
the Missouri border, as a portion of Doubleday's brig- 
ade. In February, the brigade proceeded to Fort 
Scott, Kansas, and while en route was assailed in the 
streets of Independence, Mo... by an equal force, 
under the afterwards celebrated and infamous Quan- 
trell, who was routed iu fifteen minutes. In this, its 
first fight, the regiment bore itself with marked gal- 
lantry, having four men killed and wounded. 

From March till June, the Second, with head- 
quarters at Fort Scott, was engaged in chasing guer- 
rillas and skirmishing with hostile Indians. Late in 
June the brigade marched into the Indian Territory, 
and took part in the capture of Fort Gibson. 

In August, after the return to Fort Scott, one 
liundred and fifty men and two officers were detailed 
from the regiment to man a light battery. Six months 
afterwards the detail was changed to a transfer, by 
which tlie Twenty-fifth Ohio Ijattery was created. 

In September, 1862, the battery and the mounted 
portion of the regiment (for two-thirds of the horses 
had been worn out by the hard service), entered upon 
an active campaign under General Blunt, in Missouri 



and Arkansas; fighting gallantly at Carthage, New- 
tonia. Cow Hill, Wolf Creek, White River, and 
especially at the closing victory of Prairie Grove, Ar- 
kansas, on the 12th day of December. 

In November an order had been issued transferring 
the Second to the East, and in that month the dis- 
mounted portion proceeded to Camp Chase, whither 
the mounted men followed in December. There the 
regiment remained until April, 1863, when, being 
consolidated into eight companies, fully mounted and 
equipped, it left for Lexington, Ky. , where it was re- 
stored to its original strength by the addition of four 
companies originally raised for the Eighth Cavalry. 

During May and June the Second fought twice at 
Steubenville, twice at Monticello, and once at Colum- 
bia, Ky., besides which four companies formed part 
of a force which made an im})ortant raid into East 
Tennessee, under Gen. Saunders. In July, as a part 
of Kautz"s brigade, the Second joined in the pursuit 
of Morgan, and after his capture nearly the entire 
regiment was furlouglied by Gen. Burnside in recog- 
nition of its meritorious services. 

The Second re-assembled in August at Stanford. 
Ky., and moved with the army to East Tennessee. 
In the engagement at Loudon Bridge and in the 
forced marches to Cumberland Gap and Knoxville the 
regiment bore an active part, and in the battle of Blue 
Springs it was especially conspicuous. It participated 
in the defense of Knoxville and in the subsequent 
]nirsuit of the enemy; fighting Longstreet'scavalrv at 
Morristown on the 2d of December, sustaining on the 
4th the advance of a brigade which fought eighteen 
regiments for two hours at Russellville, and being at 
the front five hours at the battle of Bean Station on 
the 5th. 

At Mossy Creek, on the ]st of January, 1864. four 
hundred and seventy men answered roll-call, and of 
that number all but fifty re-enlisted as veterans. 
After they had enjoved their veteran furlough they 
proceeded, with a hundred and thirty recruits, to the 
East. At Camp Stoneman, near Washington, the regi- 
ment was mounted, armed and equipped, and on the 
1st of May left camp (eight hundred strong) for War- 
renton Junction. It crossed the Rapidan with the 
Ninth Corps, engaged Rosser's cavalry on the 7th, 
and during the battle of the Wilderness was stationed 
on picket or engaged iu skirmishing. 

Tiie Second was permanently attached to Sheridan's 
Cavalry Corps late in May, and on the 31st crossed the 
Pamunkey. In the subse<iuent fight at Hanover 
Court House the regiment occupied the center of the 
brigade, and sustained the heaviest part of the charge 
that resulted in the capture of the hill and the court 
house. The following day the Second engaged the 
enemy under Fitzhugh Lee at Ashland, but was forced 
to retire. Until tlie 17th of June, when the James 
river was crossed, the regiment was picketing and 
skirmishing on tlie right of the army, and later iu 
the month it fought at Nottaway Court House, Stony 
Creek and Ream Station; losing at the latter place 



164 



GENEEAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



five ofBeers and one hundred men in killed and 
wounded and missing. 

Ordered to the Shenandoah valley, the regiment 
reached Winchester on the 17th of August, and from 
that time to the 26th was engaged in the conflicts 
which followed Early's attack upon Winchester. It 
assisted in driving the enemy from Berryville on the 
30th of August, charged with its brigade at Win- 
chester on the 13th of September (capturing an en- 
tire regiment of infantry), fought stubbornly at the 
battle of Opequan, marched and skirmished in the 
Luray valley until the 35th of September, engaged 
with valor in the conflicts at Waynesboro and Bridge- 
water, and afterwards took part in a sharp fight 
against Rosser, who was badly defeated. On the 19th 
of October it took part in the battle of Cedar Creek, 
and on the 13th of November assisted in Custer's vic- 
tory over Rosser, with whom it was again engaged at 
Lacey's Springs on the 20th of December. 

From the 38th of December, 1864, until the 
27th of February, 1865, the regiment was in camp 
near Winchester. It then started with Sheridan 
on the last raid of the war. On the 25th of March 
it assisted Custer in the capture of the remnant 
of Early's army at Waynesboro, and took by its 
own prowess six hundred and fifty prisoners, three 
hundred and fifty stand of small arms, and a large 
number of horses, mules, wagons, etc. For this per- 
formance the Second was complimented by Gen. Cus- 
ter on the field. It was in the advance of the column 
when Charlotteville was entered, and from the 2Tth 
of March to the surrender of Lee performed such 
service that it turned over to the provost marshal 
eighteen pieces of artillery, one hundred and eighty 
horses, seventy army wagons, nine hundred prisoners, 
and a large number of small arms. After the col- 
lapse of the rebellion the Second spent a few months 
in Missouri, and was mustered out on the 1st of Sep- 
tember, 1865. 

MEMBERS FROM rUYAHOGA COfXTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Charles Doubleday, enr. as Col. Sept. .5, istil. Resigned June 16, 1863. 
George G. Minor, enr. as Major, Aug. 34. 1S61. Promoted to Lieut. Col. 

7th Cav. Sept. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Reg. July 4, 1865. 
Albert Watrous, enl. Aug. 24, 1S61. Prom, to Adjt. 3d Bat. Sept. 18. 1861, 

Res. May 19, 1863. 
Alfred Taylor, enr. as Surg. Aug. 37, 1861. Dis. April 18, 186.3. 
Gordon Woodruff, enl. Aug. 34. 1861. Promoted to Batt. Q. M. Sept. 18. 

1861. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF . 

Ezra L. Burge. enr. as Corp. Sept. 9, 1861. Prom, to Q. M. Sergt. July 

31, 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 
John D. Thayer, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Maj. Sept. 4. 1861. 
Geo. Sheldon, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. Prom, to Hosp. Steward July ], 1865. 

Mustered out with the Reg. 
Beth A. Abbey, enr. as Com. Sergt. Aug. 19, 1861. Mustered out Sept 

35, 1864. 
George F. Cronk, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Prom, to Com. Serg. Mustered out 

with the Co. Sept. 11, 1865. 
Hiram S. Chamberlain, enr. as Q. M. Sergt. Sept. 30, 1861. 
John Keating, enr. as Chief Bugler Sept. 36, 1861. 
Clayton G. Smith, enr. as Hosp. Steward March 21, 1864. Disch. for 

disability Nov. 16, 1864. 

COMPANY A. 

Lyman C. Thayer, enr. as Q. M. Aug. 19, 1861. Prom, to 1st Lieut Aug 
19, 1S61. Res. March 23, 1862. 



Milton F. Abbey, enl. Oct. 8, 1862. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 11, 1865. 

David Chambers, enl. Feb. 21, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Wilson Houghland, enl. Xov. 7, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

James D. Hathman. enl. Feb. 27, 1»64. Mustered out with the Co. 

James Keams, enl, Xov. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

James M. Malone, enl. Oct. 8. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Charles C. Meade, enl. July 19, 1864. Clustered out with the Co. 

Loring J. Phillips, enl. July 19. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Adelbert E. Blackman, enl. Feb. 36. 1864. Disch. for disability. 

Christian Sweetzer. 6nl. Feb. 26, 1864. Taken prisoner and paroled. 
I>isch. May 5, 1865. 

John R. Wells, enl. Feb. 26, 1864. Disch. for disability. 

Amos B. Lusk, enl. Feb. 2. 1804. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 

Thomas H. Buck, enl. Feb. 36. 1864. Killed at Harper's Ferry, Va., April 
5. 1865. 

Charles E. Blanchette, enl. March 14, 1864. Died in Hosp. Oct. 6, 1864. 

George Hanscom. enl. Sept. 39, 1862. Died at Annapolis, Md., June IT, 
1864. 

Samuel Houghland, enl. March 18, 1864. Killed in action June 15, 1865. 

William Mellinger, enl. Feb. 23. 1864. Died from wounds rec'd at Win- 
chester. Va., Aug. 25, 1864. 

Charles Mellinger, enl. Feb. 23, 1864. Died from wounds reed June 13, 
1864. 

COMPANY B. 

Frederick R. Deming, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 12, 1861. Promoted to 2nd 

Lieut. Oct. 3. 1861, to 1st Lieut. Dec. 20, 1861, and to Capt. Feb. 11. 

1864. Killed in action Aug. 23. 1864, at Charleston, Va. 
Chauncey Eggleston, enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug. 12. 1861. Promoted to Capt. 

Oct. 3, 1861. Res. March 14, 1862. 
Luther M. Tuttle, enr. as Corp. Aug. 13, 1861. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. 

April 23, 1865, and to 1st Lieut. May 1, 1865. Mustered out with the 

Co. Sept. n, 1865. 
Charles H. Bill, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 12. 1861. Promoiedto 2nd Lieut. July 

15, 1862. 
-Alex. B. Sessions, enl. as 1st Sergt. Aug, 12, 1861. Promoted to 2nd Lieut 

Dec. 20, 1861. Res. July 19, 1863. 
Benj. F. Lovett. enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. Aug. 11, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
John C. Mack, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Alonzo A. .Maxam, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Sylvester D. Bailey, enl. .Aug. 12, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ehas Bennett, enl. Feb. 3, 1865. Clustered out with the Co. 
Mortimer H. Biizley. enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 29. 1864. Re- 
enlisted Feb. 21, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Winfield S. Cady, enl. Feb. 15, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
.laekson A. Mott. enl. -Aug. 12, 1861. Mustered out with the Co 
Henry Ormsby, enl. Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Porter S. Phillips, enl. Feb. 14. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edger L. Somers, enl. Feb. 17. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Norton L. Upson, enl. Feb. 16, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
James M. Veher, enl. Feb. 15, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Eddy, enl. .Aug. 13, 1861. Disch. July 31, 1865. 
William H. Polhamus, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Captured 

at Cedar Creek, Va., Nov. 13, 1864. Disch. June 7, 1865. 
Henry A. Fraverd, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Captured June 29, 1864. Disch. 

June 20, 1865. 
Leroy S. Storer, enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Captured at Cedar Creek, Va., Nov. 

12, 1864. Disch. June 7, 1865. 
•Augustus Belden. enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Disch. for disability, Jan. 1, 1864. 
Herman H. Brigham, enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Disch. July 16, 1865, for disabil- 
ity caused by wounds received March 31. 1865. 
Suranus T. Brokens, enl. .Aug. 13, 1861. Wounded at Blue Springs. Tenn. 

Oct. ISffS. Disch. in consequence 
Henry H. Brinker, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 35, I860. 
Herman S. Kaiser, enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1864. 
William F. Meyer, enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 35, 1864. 
James Plowman, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1864. 
Henry H. Palmer, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Must ered out 

Sept. 3.5, 1864. 
George W. Palmer, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1864, 
Mortimer L. Trotter, enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 35, 1864. 
Willard A. Trotter, enl. Aug. 13 1861. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1864. 
Henry Vogely, enl.'Aug. 13, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 35, 1864. 
Eugene A. Hinsdale, enl. Aug. 13. 1861. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1864. 
Xewton E. Gorham, enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Transf. to Invalid Corps. 
Joseph Se.vmour, enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Transf. to Inv. Corps. 
Daniel Wilhelm, enl. Xov. 8, 1863. Transf. to Inv. Corps, 
.lohn L. Smith, enr. as Capt. Aug. 12, 1861. Resigned Sept. 28, 1861. 
George E. Dunbar, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 12. 1864. 
John N. Johnson, enr. as Bugler .\ug. 12, 1861. 
James O. Birzley, enr. as Corp. .Aug. 13, 1861. 
Jefferson T. Spink, enr. as Corp, Aug. 13, 1861. 

Francis A. Thayer, enr. as Corp. Aug. 13, 1861. Transf. to 25th Battery. 
William X. Monroe, enj. as Bugler Aug. 12, 1 61. 
Ervin Morgan, enl. .Aug. 12, 1861. 



SECOND AND SIXTH CAVALRY, ETC. 



165 



Charles C. Stevens, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. 

t'harles M. Christian, enl. Aug. 12, 18B1. 

:\Ittrk- Abell, enl. Aug. 12, 18fil. 

Haviil V. Bell. enl. Aug. 13. 18«1. Transf. to vKth Battery. 

A. I). Benjamin, enl. Aug. 12. 1H61. 

Walter D. Barker, enl. Aug. 12, ISGl. Transf, to S.'Jtli Battery. 

W. H. Bartholomew, enl. .iug. 13, ISIJl. 

Uavid F. Cook, enl. Aug. 12, isiil. 

Orlando D. Chase, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. 

John J. Chase, enl. Aug. 12, 18131. 

William A. Chamherlain, enl. Aug. IS, 1861. 

Charles C. Chapman, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. 

Michael Conner, enl. .\ug. 12, 1861. 

He Witt C. Deniing. enl. Aug. 13, 1861. 

.lohn Fleming, enl. .Uig. 13. 1861. 

Kenry W. Gage, enl. Aug 12. 18(11, Transf, to 35th Battery. 

William E. Hinsdale enl, Aug, 13. 1861. 

Carl H, H ppe, enl, Aug, 13. 1861, 

John \V, Johnson, enl. Aug. 13, 186], 

Enoch E, Judson, enl. Aug, 12, 1861, 

Edwin Kinnecutt, enl, Aug 12, 18i;i, Transf, to 3.ith Battery. Mus- 
tered out Dec, 12. 18*>,5, 

Lucerne W, Kelley, enl, Aug, 13. 18(11. Transf, to 2Sth Battery, Mus- 
tered out Dec, 12. 186.5, 

Henry Mead, enl, Aug, 12, 1861, Transf, to 2.5th Battery, Mustered out 
Dec, 12, 1865, 

.lames Movies, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. 

Webster K. Xye. enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Transf, to 25th Battery, Mustered 
out Sept, 8, 181)4, 

Howard W, Keed. enl. Aug. 12. 1861. 

James Skinn-r, enl, Aug, 12, 1861. 

William Van Orman, enl. Aug. 12. 1861 . Transf. to 25th Battery. Mus- 
tered out Dec. 12, 1865, 

William E, Pedrick, enl, Aug, 12, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Co. M Sept. 
.30, 1861, 

John M. Brewster, enl. Aug. 12, 1861. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Aug. 12, 
1865. Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 11, 1865. 

Sir Wallace Fuller, enl, Aug, 12, 1861, Promoted to Sergt, 

Emerson H, Eggleston, eur. as Corp. .\ug, 12, 1861, 

Chauncey F, Wvckoff, enr, as Sergt, Aug. 13, 1861, 

Joshua O, Stilhvell, enr, as Corp, Aug. 13, 1861. 

U, L, Fonkell, enr, as Corp, Aug, 12. 1861. 

Randall L, Eggleston, enl. Aug, 13, 1811, 

Myron B, Perkins, enl, Aug, 12. 1861, 

Thomas Scott, enl. Aug, 12. 1861, Transf, to 25lh Battery, Died at Clar- 
endon, Ark,, Aug, IT. 1865, 

Samuel D, Brokan, enl, Aug. 12, 1861, Promoted to Corp, May 1, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co, Sept, 11, 1865, 

William M, Bowen, enl, Aug. 12, 1861. 

John V, Heniman. enl, Aug, 13, 1861, 



Irving Hull, enl, Nov, 3, 18(12, Promoted to Sergt. April 1, 1865, Mus. 

tered out with the Co, Sept, II, 1865, 
Edgar Barrett, enl, March 14, 1864, Mustered out with the Co. 
Asa Fay, enl, .March 1(1. 1S65, Mustered out with the Co, 
Franklin Feroles, enl, March II, 1864, Mustered out with the Co, 
Scott McFarland. enl Jan, 1. 1864, Mustered out with the Co, 
Andrew Leland, enl, Feb, 24, 1864. Disch. for disability March 3, 1865, 
George W, Pollock, enl, Aug. 29, 1861. Transf. to 25th Battery, .Mus- 
tered out Dec, 12, 1865, 

COMPANT D, 

Robert A, Oamble, enl, Oct, 6, 1862. Promoted to Corp, Aug, II, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. Sept, 11, 1865. 
Elbert tiillett. enl, March 21, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles W, .\dams, enl, Sept. 10, 1862. Captured June 3D, 1864. Disch, 

June 7. lS(u-,. 
Oscar .\, Caldwell, enl, Aug, 30, 1862, Captured Nov. 3, ls63, .Mustered 

out June 35, 1811.'), 
Frank A. Proctor, enl, Sept. ID, 1862, Captured June 29. 1864. 
Conrad Shesler, enl Feb. 29, 1864, Captured June 29, 1864. 
.lohn Sa.\ton, enl, Feb, 26, 1864. Disch, for disability June 5, 1865. 
William H, Baker, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Died at Wilmington, N. C, March 

31, 186.'), 
M , R, Hickox, enl, Sept. .30, 1862, Died in rebel prison April 13, 1864. 



William B, Johnson, enl, .March 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 

11, 18(15, 

Martin J, Kinnamon, enl, Oct. 5, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
William l^ggett, enl, Feb, 27. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ralph Miller, enl, March 15, mn. Mustered out with the Co. 
Leander .McGill. enl. Feb, 37, 1861. Mustered out with the Co. 
William H, Pidgeon, . nl, Feb. 27, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
.lohn W, Reed, enl. Nov. 3 1863, Mustered out with the Co. 



A. J. Walker, enl. March 8, 1864, Mustered out with the Co, 

Arthur Liddle, enl, Feb, 12, 1864, Transf, to Vet, Res. Corps, Mustered 

tered out Sept. 16, 1865, 
Samuel W, McCnrdy, enl. March 22, 1864. Disch. June 6, 1865. 
Frederick R, Moody, enl, Sept. 6. 1862, Disch, June 10, 1865. 
William H, Newton, enl. Sept, 11, 1863, Disch, June 10, 1865, 

COMPANY F. 

Henry .\ker, enl, Oct, 9. 1863. Mustered out with the Co, Sept, 11, 1865. 
George Hurst, enl. March 11. 1864. Mustered out with the Co, 
Joseph L, Jackson, enl, ^larch 7, 1865, Mustered out with the Co, 
Cassius C, Kenney, enl, Feb, 28, 186.5. Mustered out with the Co. 
George A. Manning, enl, March 21, 1864, Mustered out with the Co. 
Heber Swan. enl. Mai'ch 6, 1865, Mustered out with the Co, 
Herman Wibymern. enl. Oct. 31, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Zepp. enl, Feb, 25. 1863. Mustered out with the Co, 
Julius E, Bliss, enl, Feb, 28, 186.5, Disch, from Hosp, June 16, 1865. 
Ethan Conaut, en"l, JIarch 7, 1864. Disch, June 13. 1864, 
Peter Wolf, enl. March 11, 1864, Died at Sali,sbury, X. C, Nov. 9, 1864. 
Cassius M, Woodworth. enl. Sept. 16, 1863. Captured Oct. 14, 1864. 



Charles H. Bill, enr, as Sergt. Aug. 13, 1«61, Promoted to Sd Lieut. July 

15, 1862; to 1st Lieut. Co. G. May 19, 1863. Transf. to Co, B, April 8, 

1864; and promoted to Capt. Co. G. May 15. 1865. Mustered out Sept. 

11, 1865. 

John E. Bowden, enl, Oct. 14, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Aug, 22, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. Sept. II, 186.5. 
George W, Clark, enl, Oct, I, 1862, Mustered out with the Co, 
William Copeland, enl. March 7, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Fitzgerald, enl, Oct, 15, 1862, Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel Hunter, enl. Oct, 18. 1862. Mustered out with the Co, 
Watson A, Hoyt, enl, Dec, 2, 1863, Mustered out with the Co, 
Frank B, Hunt, enl, March 8, 1865. Mustered out witli the Co, 
William Wicks, enl, Feb, 4, 1,864, Mustered out with the Co, 
William Wurtz, enl, March 38, 1864. Disch. from Hosp. Aug, :», 1865. 
George W, Short, enl, .March 32, 1864. Disch. fordisabillty Jlarch 21, 1865. 
Eugene M, Church, enl, March 2, 1864, Died in Andersonville prison 

August, 1864. 
James DeLong, enl. Oct. 18, 1862, Died March, 1864. 
Eugene Gregory, enl. March S3, 1864, Captured October, 1864, 
Thomas Grflham, enl, Jan. .5, 1864. Killed in action June 1, 1864. 
Charles E. Gratz, enl, Oct. 14. 1861. Transf. to Co. I 103d Reg. 
Jonathan Kaneen, enl, Aug, 23, 1861, Transf, to Co. L Sept. .30, 1861. 

COMPANY H, 

Walter R, Austin, enl, Oct, 13. 1862, Mustered out with the Co, Sept, lit 

1865, 
James H, Broughton, enl. March 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Bryant B. Herrick, enl. March 22, 1864, Clustered out with the Co. 
Richard B, Keyes, enl. JIareh 31, 1864. Disch. June 17. 1865. ^ 
Edward Long, enl. Feb, 11, 1865. Mustered out with the Co, 
Adelbert H, Marcy, enl, Oct. 13. 1863. Clustered out with the Co. 
Chris Rothacher. enl, March 8. 1864. Mustered out with the Co, 
John J. Vincent, enl, Feb, 35, 1864, Clustered out with the Co, 
George H, Wood, enl, March 13. 1864, Mustered out with the Co. 
David Brown, enl. Sept. 9, 1861. Mustered out Sept, 25. 1S64. 
William Gay, enl, March 3, 1S64, Disch, June 10. 1865. 
Frank E. Smith, enl. Sept. 30. 1862. Disch. Jime 10, 1865. 
Frank B, Hale, enl. Sept, 30, 1863, Disch, June 15. 1865, 
Almiron Van Antwerp, enl, March 5. 1.864, Disch, July 19, 1865, 
Harvey H, Green, enl. Feb, 2:i. 1864. Transf. to Vet Res. Cori)S, Sept. 

30, 18(«, 
Lyman F, Butler, enl. Feb. 26, 1864. Died in rebel prison. 
Andrew Bishop, enl. Aug. 35, 1861. Mustered out Sept, 35. 18()4. 
Ezra L, Bu(ge, (See Non-Com, Staff,) 
Daniel M, Hall, enl, Aug, 25, 1861, 
Chaunce}- Smith, enl. Sept, 9, 1861, 

COMPANY 1. 

Peter Rock, enl, March 4, 1864. Promoted to Sergt, July 1. 1865 Mus- 
tered out with the Co. Sept, 28, 1865. 

George W, Roberts, enl, Feb, ^i. 1865. Promoted to Corp, July 1, 1865- 
Mustered out with the Co, 

Louis C, Wilcox, enl, Feb, 21, 1875, .Mustered out with the Co. 

Leander Little, enl, March 4. 1865, Disch, Aug. l.">, 186.5. 

Ivah Elliott, enl, Jlarch 16, 1865, Died at Washington, D. C, Jcly 10, 
1865. 

Courtney H, James, enl. Oct, 30, 1863, Died at Philadelphia, Pa., Oct. 

10, 1864, 

Albert Kmsey, enl, March 10, 1865, Died at Baltimore. Md.. July 15, 1865 
William Thompson, enl Match 4, 1864. Died of wounds received Oct 

11. 1804, 

COMPA.VV K. 

John H. Clapp, enr, as Capt, Aug. 34. 1861. Died Oct, .5, 1861. 

Charles D. Rush, enl. Aug. 24, 18B1. Prom, to 3nd Lieut. Nov, 4, 1864 ; to 

1st Lieut. Nov, 26, 1864: to Capt. Sept, 4. 1865, .Mustered out with 

the Co, 



21, 



166 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Thomas W. Sanderson, enr. as Capt. Oct. 7, 1861. Res. May 14, 1862. 
Samuel F. Geil. enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug. 24, 1861. Res. Dec. 11. 1861. 
Henry J. Virgil, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Aug. 34. 1861. Prom, to 1st. Lieut. 

Dee. 20, 1861. Res. July 1.5. 1862. 
Henry J. Gordon, enr. as Corp. Aug. 34. 1861. Prom, to 2nd Lieut. July 

5, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Sperry B. Close, enl. Feb. 23, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. Sept, 19, 

1865. 
Harrison Ingalls. enl. Feb. 21. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas A. White, enl. March 21. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Benjamin VVarnsley, enl. Marcli 10. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Berrj- S. Waldron. enl. Feb. 2.3, 1.S65. Disch. July 1", 1865. 
Joseph Ferriss. enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Transf. to Co. H. Died in rebel 

prison March .30, 1864 . 
Lewis Wood, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Transt. to Co. H, and to Vet. Res. Corps 

April 20, 1864. 
Hiram P. Oviatt, enr. as 1st Sergt. Aug. 24. 1861. 
Daniel Culver, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 24. 1861. 
John Davis, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Henry Ingraham, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Wheeler DeF. Sturtevaut. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Gilbert J. Doolittle. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 24, 1861. Transf. to 2.5th Battery 

as 2nd Lieut. Promoted to 1st. Lieut. March 1, 1863. Resigned Nov. 

25. 1864. 
Hammond Clapp. enr. as Corp. Aug. 24, 1861 . 
William Smith, enr. as Corp. Aug. 24. 18T1. 
Moses R. Kniffen, enr. as Corp. Aug. 24. 1861. 
Stephen D. Trowbridge, enr. as Corp. Aug, 24, 1861. 
Albert Spafford, enr. as Corp. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Charles H. Ball. enr. as Corp. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Kenrade Thomas, enr. as Corp. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Patrick F. Collopy, enr. as Bugler, Aug. 24, 1861, 
Melvin M. Trowbridge, enr. as Bugler, Aug. 34. 1861. 
David R. Bartholomew, enl. Aug. 24, Wjl. 
Charles F. Miles, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 
Charles O. Porter, enl. Aug. 24. 1861. 
William Robertson, enl. Aug. 31. 1861, 
Thomas Jinks, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Brainard Ainger, enl. Aug. 34. 1861. 
Frederick Bruce, enl. Aug. 24. 1861. 
Zina J. Buck, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Transf. to 25th Battery. Mustered out 

Dec. 12, 1865. 
Elmer Brewer, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Transf. to 35th Battery. Mustered out 

Dec. 12, 1865. 
Chester Baker, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Samuel A. Bayard, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Michael Cavanaugh, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 
William Christie, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Transf. to 2.5th Battery. Promoted 

to Corp. Jan. 14, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 13, 1865. 
David C. Christy, enl. Aug, 34, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Captured June 

29, 1864. Mustered out June 7, 1865. 
John Q. Cooper, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Jeremiah Cronk, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
William Cushraan, enl. Aug. 24, 1861, 
George Davis, enl. Aug. 24, 1861, Transferred to 3.5th Battery. JIus- 

tered out Dec. 12. 1865. 
Thomas J. Davis, enl. Aug. 24. I86i. 
Thomas Dodd, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Transf. to 25th Battery. Disch, for 

disability Feb. 25. 1863. 
Patrick Dunn, enl. Aug, 24. 1861. Transf . to 25th Battery. Mustered 

out Sept, 8, 1864, 
William Eddleman, enl. Aug. 24. 1861. 
Clark A. Fish. enl. Aug. 24. 1861. 
Fritz Gidding. enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Farnum Gibbs, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 

Alexander Gibbs, enl. Aug. 24. 1861. Disch. Sept. 5, 1865. 
Clark Gibbs, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 
Cortes F. Gordon, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Benjamin J. Gray, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
John GriflBn. enl. Aug. 24, 1,S61. 
Alexander J. Harper, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Promoted to Vet. Surg. 1st 

Battalion Sept. 20, 1861. 
George B. Hammond, enl. Aug. 24. 1861. Transf. to 25th Batt. Mustered 

out Dec. 12, 1865. 
Charles E. Haywood, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
Nathan Hotchkiss, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 
William Hoor enl. Aug. 24. 1861. 
Robert Hudson, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 
Ohver Hodgeman, enl. Aug. 24. 1861. 
Roswell C. Henry, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 
Asa Ingraham, enl. Aug. 34, 18(51. 
Henry C. King, enl. .\ug. 34, 1861. 
Elmer Kent. enl. Aug. 24, 18til. 
Alfred S. Lee, enl. Aug. 24. 1861. 
Samuel Livingston, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 
Clarence H. Meeker, enl., Aug. 24, 1861. 
William Minor, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 



Charles W. Nichols, enL Aug. 24, 1861. 

John Olds, enl. Aug. 24, 1881. Transf. to 25th Batt. Mustered out Dec. 
12, 1865. 

George Parry, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 

Nathan E. Penfield, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Transf, to 25th Batt. Died at 
Little Rock, Ark., Oct. 10, 1863. 

Frankhn Porter, enl. Aug, 24, 1861, 

Luther D. Payne, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 

George Richards, enl, Aug. 34. 1861. 

Harris Robinson, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 

Alexander C. Ruple, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. Transf. to 35th Batt. as Q. M. 
Sei gt. Jan. 3, 1864. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. Oct. 9. 1864, and to 1st 
Lieut. Jan, 14. ISM. Resigned March 25, 1865. 

Thomas J. Roberts, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 

George Roberts, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 

Daniel P. Stoffer, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 

Enoch Simmons, enl. Aug. 24, 18<il. 

Geo. Sheldon. (See Non-Com. Staff.) 

Wilham B. Stranahau, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. Captured June 29, 1864. Mus- 
tered out June 7. 1865. 

John Sharkey, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 

Martin W. Spence, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 

Smith Spence, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 

Jacob Schneeberger, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 

Redman Stuyveson, enl. Aug. 24, 1861. 

Henry Stuyveson, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. Transt. to 25th Batt. Mustered 
out Dec. 12, 1865. 

John D. Thayei-. (See Non-Com. Staff.) 

Henry Thompson, enl. Aug. 34, 1861. 

Albert Watrous. (See Field and Staff.) 

James H. 'Wlright, enl. Aug. 34. 1861. 

Gurdon Woodruff. (See Field and Staff.) 

Daniel Fay. enl. Sejit. 15. 1.H63. Disch. Sept. 4. 1865. 

COMPANY L, 

Edmund Ward, enr. as Adjt. Sept. 4. 1861. Promoted to 1st Lieut, Re. 

signed Aug. 14. 1862. 
Lewis L. Campbell, enl. March 24, 1864. Promoted to 1st Sergt., aud to 

2d Lieut. June 2:3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 
Mansell M. Blanding, enr. as Corp. Sept. 1, 1861. 
John Arn, enl. Sept. 1, 1.861, 
Thomas Andrew, enl. Sept. 1, 1861. 
Albert Ryan, enl. Sept. 1, 1661. 
George F. Woodburn, enl. Oct. 33, 1861. 

COMPANY M. 

William E. Pedrick. enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Sept. .30, 1861 ; 
to 3d Lieut, May 19. 1863; to 1st Lieut. Jan. 4, 1863, and to Capt. Feb. 
1, 18(M. Resigned Aug. 26, 1864. 

Emerson H. Eggleston, enr. as Corp. Aug, 13, 1861. Transf. to Co. I and 
promoted to 2d Lieut. June 25, 1863; to 1st Lieut. Nov. 4, 1864; to 
Capt. Co. M Dec. 14. 1864. Mustered out Sept. 38, 1865. 

Cromwell C. Marsh, enl. Aug. 25, 1861. Promoted to 2d Lieut. June 16, 
1865. and to 1st Lieut. Sept. 4, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Newton Parcell, enl. Aug. 25, 1861. 

Jerome A. Park, enl. Aug. 25, 1861. Transf, to Co. G. Disch, JIarch 6, 
1864, 

Albert Biggs, enl. Aug. 25, 1861. 

D. Crist, enl. Aug. 35, 1861. 

William Fesshaupt, enl. Aug. 25, 1661. Transf. to 25th Battery. Mus 
tered out Dec. 13, 1865, 

John Gelvin, enl. Aug, 35. imi. 

Henrol Gasner. enl. Aug. 25. 1861. 

Charles E. Kellogg, enl. Aug. 25, 1861. 

Myron Lane, enl. Aug. 25. 1861. 

John C. Lilley. enl. Aug. 2.5, 1861. 

Ohver Mott, enl. Aug. 25, 1861. 

Cornelius DIcGuire, enl. Aug. 25, 1S61. 

Charles Price, enl. Aug. 25, 1861. 

Zenas B. Pettys, enl. Aug. 25, 1861. 

Melville Porter, enl. Aug. 25, 1861, Promoted to Corp. Feb 1, 18(U, Cap- 
tured June 29, 1864. Mustered out June 7, 1865. 

THIRD CAVALRY. 

COMPANY B. 

Edwin Sexton, enl, Oct. 36, 1862, Mustered out with the Co. Aug, 4, 18(i5. 

COMPANY C. 

Samuel Aukney. enl. Oct. 4. 1862. Mustered out with the Co. Aug. 4, 1865. 
George Sager. enl, Dec, 10. 1,S63, 51ustered out with the Co. 

COMPANY L, 

Peter Xelaber. enl. Sept. 5. 1864, Mustered out June 34. 1865. 



SECOXD AND SIXTH CAVALRY, ETC. 



167 



SIXTH CAVALRY. 

The Sixtli Oliio Cavalry was organized in October, 
1S()1, for three years service, and, like the Second, 
was mainly recruited from tlie Western Reserve; being 
the second regiment in Wade and Hutchins Cavalry 
Brigade. There were two hundred and sixty-six 
members from this county, principally in Companies 
C, F, I, K and M. It assisted in guarding rebel 
l)risouers at Camp Chase, until May, 1862, when it 
joined Fremont in the Shenandoah valley. 

At Strasburg the regiment had its first fight, in 
which one officer and six men were wounded. It 
moved down tlie valley, skirmishing continually, and 
on the Tth of June had several men killed and 
wounded at the battle of Cross Keys. Slight engage- 
ments at Luray Court House and Cedar Mountain 
were followed by a severe ordeal, when for fourteen 
days the regiment was under fire, while contesting, 
under Pope, the passage of the Rappahannock by 
Stonewall Jackson. It performed effective service at 
the second battle of Bull Run, retreated with the 
army to Alexandria, and after a brief season of 
rest, took part in a sharp fight at Warreuton. On 
this occasion sixty of its men made a brilliant dash 
into Fredericksburg, capturing a rebel mail and nu- 
merous prisoners. 

The winter of 186"2-fi3 was passed in guarding the 
Rappahannock. In March, 1803. the regiment joined 
Hooker, and soon made a gallant record at the battle 
of Kelly's Ford, where it had two officers and thir- 
teen men killed and wounded. During Lee's move- 
ment toward Pennsylvania the Sixth was frequently 
in action, and at the battle of Aldie, on the ITth of 
June, Captain Xorthway, of Company A, at the head 
of thirty men, led a charge, which for dash and 
bravery was unsurpassed during the war. 

The Sixth participated in the battles of Middleburg 
and L'pperville, took part in all the engagements with 
Stuart, followed Lee into Pennsylvania, and fought 
gallantly at the battle of Gettysburg. It was especially 
active in the pursuit of Lee, and at Falling Waters 
assisted in the capture of fifteen hundred of the Con- 
federate rear-guard. After camping for a time at 
Thoroughfare Gap, the Sixth joined Meade in his 
advance to the Rapidan, and was in the fights at 
Culpepper Court House, Rapidan Station, Sulphur 
Springs, Auburn Mills and Bristoe Station. Late in 
November the regiment joined the forward movement 
which terminated with the battle of Jline Run. It 
then went into winter quarters at Warrenton, where 
it was constantly engaged in picket duty and in 
driving off Mosby's raiders. 

In January, 1804, about two hundred of the regi- 
ment re-enlisted as veterans, and during the spring it 
received a large number of recruits. On the 3d of 
May it joined Sheridan, and. as his rear guard, had 
many a hot fight with Stuart's cavalry, at whose 
hands the Sixth lost in one day upwards of thirty in 
killed and wounded. The regiment won renown at 



the battles of Yellow Tavern, Owen Church, Cold 
Harbor and Bottom Bridge, and also in a sharp en- 
gagement with Stuart's cavalry inside the defenses of 
Richmond. 

On the Ttii of June tlie Sixth started with Sheridan 
on a raid, and, after two days' hard fighting at Tre- 
vellian Station, returned in charge of four hundred 
prisoners. Crossing the James wMth Grant it spent 
a few days in camp, and then, recrossing that stream, 
took an active part in the fight for the possession 
of the AVeldou railroad. Fighting, skirmishing and 
picketing until the 27th of October were followed on 
that day by a severe engagement at Hatcher's Run, in 
which the Sixth suffered heavy loss. 

Going into winter quarters soon after, it remained 
quiet, except a severe fight on the 9th of December, 
until the 3d of February, 1805, when it inaugurated 
the new campaign with another fight at Hatcher's 
Run and followed it in the spring with the bloody 
conflict of Dinwiddie Court House and the battle of 
Five Forks. During the pursuit of Lee the Sixth 
was warmly engaged at Sailor's Creek and FarmviUe, 
and at Appomattox Court House on the 9th of April 
enjoyed the honor of opening the engagement which 
practically ended the rebellion. 

After escorting General Grant from Apponuittox to 
Burksville station, marching through Virginia to 
X'orth Carolina and doing duty in detachments in 
the Virginia counties composing the "Sub-District of 
the Appomattox,'' the regiment was ordered to Cleve- 
land and was there mustered out of the service in 
August, 180.5. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AXD STAFF. 

William B. Rezaer, ear, as Surg. Nov 10, 1S61. Mustered out at end of 
term, Nov. 9, 18W. 

NOX-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Frank D. Burgess, enl. Dec. 10, IStil. Prom, to Corp. and to Q. M. Sergt. 

April 81, 1K65. Mustered out June 27, 1S65. 
Thomas S. Bark, enr. as Corp. Oct. 10, 1861. Prom, to Q. M. Sergt. 

Disch. at end of term, Nov., IHW. 
David Johnson, enr. as Corp. Dec. 11, 1861. Prom, to Q. M. Sergt. 

Transt. to Vet. Res. Corps. Mustered out Aug. 25, 1865. 
John S. Galbraith, enr. as Q. M. Sergt. Dec. 83, 1863. Died at Anderson- 

ville prison, .Sept. 2S, 1861. 
Harry N Young, enr. as Corp. Nov. 13, 1861. Prom, to Com. Sergt. 

Disch. at end of term. Nov., 1864. 

COMPANT A. 

James R. Wilson, en!. Feb. 34, l.SW. Promoted to Corp. May 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. Aug. 7, 1865. 
Samuel Dilworth, enl. Jan. 7, 1864. At muster-out, absent on detached 

service. 
Henrj- Harker, enl. Jan. 12, 1864. .\t the muster-out, sick at Washington. 
Michael Denyant, enl. Feb. 12, 1864. Disch. for disability May 31, 1865. 
Abram Easterwood, enl. Feb. 20, Istii. Mustered out June 27. 18»i5. 
Alanson K. Ryder, enl. Feb. 24, I8i>4. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
Rudolphus L. Spring, enl. March 7, 18<J5. Disch. Jime 12, 1865. 
George W. Easterwood, enl. Feb. 24, 1864. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps 

Jan, 10, 1865. .Mustered out Aug. 9, 1865. 

COMPANY B. 

James E. Durwent, enl. Jan. 3. 18(H Prom, to Sergt. Maj. Dec, 1, 18<il. 
to 2nd Lieut. Co. B May 4, 18i;.j, JIustered out Aug. 7, 1865. 

COIIPAST c. 

James H. Leeman. ear. as 1st Lieut. Oct. 7, 18SI. Promoted to Cap t. 

.Vug. 3. I8<i:j. Mustered out at end of term Oct. 6, 18IH. 
William L. Thomas, enr. as 1st Sergt. Oct. 22, 1861. 



168 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Charles E. Holt, enr. as Corp. Oct. 20, 1P61. Mustered out at end of 

term, Nov., 1864. 
Frank D. Burgess. (See Non-Com. Staff.) 
Albert Button, enl. Oct. 28, 1861. Died in rebel prison: date unknown. 

Christopher Bolin, enl. Nov. 20, 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Nov. 
1804. 

Aaron A. Coiles, enl. Oct. 1", 1861. Mustered out at end of term, Nov., 
18M. 

Ichabod Dilley, enl. Nov. 6, 1861. Diseh. for, disability March 19, 1862. 

Robert J. Green, enl. Oct. 12, 1861. Died in rebel prison, date unknown. 

Wesley W. Griswold. enl. Deo. 13, 1861. Died at Washington. D. C. Oct. 
8, 1,862. 

Elijah K. Harper, enl. Nov. 9, 1861. Mu.stered out at end of term, No- 
vember, 186 1. 

Albert Morrison, enl. Nov. 12. 1.S61. Died in rebel prison, date unknown- 
John Randall, enl. Nov. 11. 1,861. Disch. for disability March 11, 1862. 

Joseph Reed. enl. Nov. 12, 1,161. Killed at St. Mary's Church June SI, 1864. 

John Stannard. enl. Nov. 16, 1861. Died at Washington, D. C. Oct. 9, 1862. 

Jerome O. Woods, enl. Oct. IB. 1861. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 1, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Travella A. Wilcox, enl. Nov. 18, 1801. Mustered out at end of term, No- 
vember, 1864. 

William B. Strawm, enl. Jan. 18, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Cyrus King. enl. Feb. 2.3, 1864. Killed at Davis' Hill Oct. 1, 1864. 

Philip Bishop, enl. March 16, 1865. Dlsch. June 27, 1865. 

Edwin Beckwith, enl. March 3. 1865. Disch. June 27. 1865. 

Ozro Markham, enl. March 1. 1865. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

Orlando Markham, enl. March 1, 1865. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

Albert D. Reed. enl. March 5. 1864. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

Herman Rodig, enl. March 16, 1865. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

John Rudd, enl. Feb. 27, 1865. JIustered out Juue 27, 1865. 

Charles A. Stible. enl. Feb. 16, 1865. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

Horace S'rong. enl. Feb. 22, 1865. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

John B. Turner, enl. Feb. 28. 1865. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

Frank Wilson, enl. Feb. 18, 1865. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

George Whelpley, enl. March 1, 1805. Mustered out June 27. 1865. 

COMPANY D. 

Alanson A. Grant, enl. Nov. 5. 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Died at Poto- 
mac Creek Station, Va., May 30. 1863. 

Anson A. Judd, enl. Nov. 12. 1861. Disch. June 27, 1865. 

William Lucas, enl. Feb. 13. 1864. Promoted to Corp. June 1. 1865. Mus- 
tered outmth the Co. Aug. 7. 1865. 

Henry C. Booth, enl. Feb. 13, 1864. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1805. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Joel Allen, enl. Feb. 23. 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865. 

David Caldwell, enl. Feb. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Pat]-ick Dalton, enl. Jan. 2, 1864, Mustered out with the Co. 

James Grim, enl. Feb. 12. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Jacob Keyear, enl. Dec. 25, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

Silas S. Older, enl. Feb. 14. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Joseph Packard, enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Wounded Oct. I, 1864, and sent to 
Hospital . 

Ale.xander D. S. Wilson, enl. Jan. 1, 1864, W. unded Oct. 1, 1864, and 
sent to Hosp . 

Benj. H. Black, enl. Feb. 24, 1864. Disch. June 27, 1865. 

Thomas S. Clark, enl. Feb. 18, 1804. Disch. June 27, 1865. 

James S. Hickok, enl. Nov. 22, 1863. Disch. June 27. 1865. 

Daniel B. Joyce, enl. Jan. .5. 1864. Diseh. June 6, 1865. 

James T. Wickham. enl. Feb. 14, 1861. Disch. Juue 27, 1865. 

Josei.ih S. Bell, enl. Feb. 11. 1864. Died at Alexandria. Va., July 6. 1864. 

Simon Smith, enl. April 4. l.>-'64. Died May 28, 1S64, from wounds rec'd 
in action. 



\\ illiani L. Thomas, enr. as 1st Sergt. Oct. 22 1,^61. Promoted to 2d 
Lieut. Co. E March 29. 1864; to 1st Lieut. July 25. 1864 and to Capt. 
Co. FXov. 18, 1864. Wounded May 28. 1864. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1865. 

Andrew A. Burrell, enr. as Sergt. Jan. 4, 1864. Died Aug. 16, 1861, of 
wounds rec'd in action June 24, 1864. 

George W. Anderson, enr. as Sergt. Dec. 52, 1803, Captured Oct. 1, 1804. 
Died in Salisbury prison Nov. 13, 18i>4. 

Edwin Beckley, enr. as Corp. Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out June 15. 1805. 

Oscar F. Hoskins, enl. Dee. 18, 1863. Mustered out June 27, 1805. 

George W. Chamberlain, enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Disch. from Hosp April 15 
18(H. 

Solon L. Darling, enl. Dec. 12, 1863. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 

Fayette E. Ball, enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out June 19, 1865. 

Am OS B. Case, enl. Dec. 12. 1863. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Charles Campbell enl. Dec. 18, 18t3. Mustered out June 27, 1665. 

William Ford, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Promoted to Corp. June 1. 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 

Charles L. Garnian. enl. Dec. 14. 1863. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 9. 1864. 
and to Sergt. June 1. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

Nathaniel Grinnell. enl. Jan. 2, 1864. Mustered out June 27, 1865 



George W. Grim, enl. Jan. 2. 1864. Promoted to Corp. March 1. 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Erwin Herrick, enl. Dec. 28, 1863. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
William Harmon, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Captured Dec. 8, 1864. Reported 

again April .30, 1865. Mustered out June 16, 1865. 
William Hunt, enl Dec. 23, 1863. Transf. to North-western Dept. Sept. 1, 

1864. 
Orrin Holcomb, Jr., enl. Dec. 23, 186.3. Captured Oct. 1, 1864. Died in 

Salisbury i>rison Dec. 6. 1864. 
Daniel H. Harrington, enl. Jan. 3, 1864. Promoted to Corp. Mustered 

out June 27, 1865. 
Thomas Hardesty. enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Thomas Jenkins, enl. Dec. 9, 1863. Captui-ed Oct. 1, 1864. Died in Salis- 

bur.v prison Nov. 25. 1864. 
Calvin W. Johnson, enl. Dec. 22. 1863. Mu-tered out with the Co. 
Cryness Larue, enl. Dec, 21. 186:1 Mustered out with the Co. 
John G. Long. enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. Nov. 20, 

1864. Mustered out Aug. 7, 1865, 
James Mee. enl. Dec, 15. 1863. Promoted to Corp, June I, 1865, Mus- 
tered out with the Co, 
Tod Merwin, enl, Dec, 29, 1863. Mustered out June 27, 1865, 
Abram Osterhaut, enl, Dec. 26, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Nov. 20, 

1864. 
James H. Robbe, enl. Dec. 11, 166.3. Mustered ou June 27, 1865. 
Lucas O. Roberts, enl. Oct. 25, 1863. Captured Oct. 1. 1864. Died in 

Salisbury prison March 9. 1665. 
Benjamin M. Rudd. enl. Jan. 2. 1864. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
Absalom Scott, enl. Dec. 20, 1863. Captured Oct. 1, 1864. Died in Salis- 
bury prison Nov. 23, 1864. 
Daniel J. Sharp, enl. Dec. 22, 1863. Died at home Nov. 5, 1864. 
Lewis Sharp, enl. Dec. 28, 1863. Promoted to Corp. March 1, 1865. Mus. 

tered out with the Co 
Henry B. Simmons, enl. Jan. 5. 1864. Mustered out June 27. 1865. 
Stephen .4. Smith, enl Dec. 89, 1863. Died in Hosp. at Cleveland, O., 

Nov. 28. 1864. 
William J. Wheeler, enl. Dec. 15. 1863. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
Charles Wallace, enl. Dec. 17. 1863 Mustered out June 27. 1865. 
John Watkins. enl. Dec. 1.5. 1863. Transf, to Vet. Res. Corps. Nov, 30 

1864. 
Joel W, Wyatt. enl. Jan. 2, 1864. Mustered out June 87. 1865. 
George W. Milliken. enr. as 2Dd Lieut. Aug. 21, 1863. Died in Hosp. at 

Cleveland, O., Feb. 28, 1864. 
John Woodward, enl. March 14, 1865. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
Oliver Law, enl. Jan. 2. 1864. Disch. March 16. 1864. 



MelTin D. Chappell. enl. Dec. 10. 1861. 

George A. Grannis. enl. Feb. 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. .\ug. 7, 

1865. 
Andrew Landers, enl. Feb. Feb. 22. 1864. Mustered out July 18, 1865. 
Patrick McCanna. enl. Feb, 84, 1864, 

George Sands, enl, Feb, 12, 1864, Mustered out with the Co, 
Dennis Shehan. enl, Feb. 16, 1864. Missing since action of March 31, 1865. 
Joseph Tribfllner, enl. March 2, 1864. Wounded June 24, 1864. 
Michael Nelligan, enl. Feb. 19. 1864, Died in Hosp, at Cleveland Sept. 3, 

1864. 
Benjamin F. Sbierer, tnl. Feb. 13, 1864. Died in prison at Salisbury, N. 

C, Jan. 16, 1865. 
John W. McKibben, enl. Feb. 13, 1864. Promoted to Corp May 1, 1865. 

Disch. June ~7. 1865. 
Horace Austin, enl. Jan. 34, 1865. Disch. June 27, 1865. 
Howard S. Bates, enl. Dec. 14, 1863. Disch. May SO, 1865. 
Lemuel Berry, enl. Feb. 27. 1865. Disch. June 87, 1865. 
William Boden. enl. Feb. 15, 1864. Disch. June 27, 186.5. 
Lorenzo Burdick. enl. Jan. 24. 1865. Disch. Jnly 5. 1865. 
Henry Darrow. enl. Jan. 4. 1864. Disch. Juno 27, 1865. 
Frederick P'oster. enl. Jan. 34. 1865. Disch. June 27, 1865. 
James L. Morris, enl. Jan. 4. 1864. Disch. June 3. 1865. 
James Nolan, enl. Feb. 27. 1865, Disch, June 37, 1865, 
Albert A, Pettibone, enl, Jan, 4. 1864, Disch, for disability May24. 1865. 
Calvin R, Sno-w, enl, April 5, 1865, Disch, June 27, 1865, 
Jonathan Swartz, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Diseh. June 37, 186.5. 
Roger Williams, enl. Feb. 4, 1864. Disch. June 87, 1865. 

COMPANY H. 

Fritz Miller, enl. March 1. 1865. Disch. June 6, 1865. 
Philip Spotz. enl. Feb, 25, 1865. Disch. June 27, l.'CS. 
James Buck, enl. March 3, 1864. Transf. to Invalid Corps May 3. 1865. 

COMPANY I. 

Reuben E. Osgood, enr. as Sergt. Nov. 1, 1861. Prom, to 2nd Lieut. May 
16. 1868, to 1st Lieut. July 25, 1864. to Capt. Co, 1 Jan. 1, 1865, and to 
Maj, July 30. 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. Aug. 7. 1865. 
William Allen, enl. March 3, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. Aug. 7, 1865. 
James Brennan, enl, Jan, 20, 1864, Mustered out with the Co, 
Charles H, Brown, enl, Feb, 14. 1864, Mustered out with the Co, 
Cyrus Carpenter, enl, Feb, 15. 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 



SECOND AND SIXTH CAVALRY. ETC. 



169 



Henry Fox, enl. March SI, 1805. Mustered out with the Co. 
Bartholomew Oreen. enl. Feb. SO. 1K65. Mustered out with the Uo. 
Georgf Krause, enl. Feb. ar, 18G5. Mustered out with the Co. 
Isaac N. Rhodes, enl . Fell. S, 18li4. Mustei-ed out with the Co. 
Samuel Shari)e, enl, Mai-ch 10, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
John C. Shepard, enl. Feb. 2(1, 1804. Mustered out wilh the Co. 
Daniel Smith, enl. March 10. 1864. Mustered out wilh the Co. 
Wilham Smith, enl. Feb. 10. 1864. Disch. June IT. 1805. 
William Stowe. enl. Jan. ii. 1804 Clustered out with the Co. 
Wdliam S. Wakeman. enl, Feb. 29, 1804, Mustered out with the Co. 
Frank Hanks, enl. Feb. 28, 1804. Killed May 28, 18W. 
Philip W. Bradford, enl. Feb. IS. 1W4. Died in Hosp. at Cleveland 

March 26, 1X64. 
James N. Wade, enl. Jan. 5. 1804. Died at Erie, Pa.. March 25, 1805. 
Charles D. Ayres. enl. Feb. 13. 1804. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
Irving B. Minor, enl. Feb. 39, 1804. Disch. May 29, 1805. 
John Ferris, enl. Oct. 31. 1803. Mustered out June 27, 1805. 
Christopher C. Hively. enl. Feb. 35, 1864. Mustered out June 37, 1805. 
George Hoffman, enl. Feb. 39, 1864. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
William E. Hill, enl. Feb. 13. 1801. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
Evan Davis, enl. Feb. 11, 1864. Mustered out June 6, 1805. 
Dennis Dwyre, enl. Jan. II, 1804. Mustered out July 11, 1865. 
Loyd W. Irwinger, enl. Feb. 15. 1804. Disch. for disability Dec. 28, 1804. 
Peter Jacobs, enl. Sept. 8. 1804. Disch. May 30, 1805. 
Jacob Lease, enl. Aug. 26, 1864. Disch. May 30, 1865. 
•Sylvester Morgan, enl. Aug. 30. 1864. Disch. May 30, 1865. 
Albert Eapke. enl. Sept. 8. 1804. Disch. May 30, 1865. 
fieorge Smith, enl. Feb. 31, 1864. Transf. to the Navy April 27, 1804. 
Melvin G. Wakeman, enl. Feb. 39, 1864. Mustered out June 19, 1865. 

COMPANY K. 

John E. Wyatt, enr. as 1st Lieut. Oct. 8, 1861. Prom, to Capt. Feb. 37, 

IKW. Disch. March 3. 1,865, 
Isaiah McConkey. enl. Feb 13, 1864. Promoted to Corp. June 1, 1865. 

Mu-tered out with the Co. Aug. 7. 1865. 
Francis G. Hollmeier, enl. Feb. 13, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
Peter Lane. enl. Jan. 31, 1804. Mustered out witji the Co. 
Reuben Meachem. enl. Jan. 11, 1864. Clustered out with the Co. 
Charles B. Olcott, enl. Feb. 38, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1865. 
Perry Orendorff, enl. Feb. 2. 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
David Palmer, enl. Feb. 14, 1801. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edwin Viers, enl. Feb. 21, 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
Nehemiah Viers, enl. March 11. 1804. Mustered out with the Co. 
Dallas M. Ware. enl. March .30, 1804. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

June 37, 1805. 
Charles Irish, enl. April 4, 1861. Disch. for disability Dec. 21, 1864. 
Cyrus P. Harmon, enl. Dec. 10. 1803. Disch. for disability May 31, 1865. 
Thomas Hay ward. enl. Feb. 27, 1864. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
Elijah McConkey, enl. Feb. 7, 1864. Mustered out June 37, 1865. 
Henry W. Morrell, enl Feb. 21, 1S04. Disch. June 10, 1805. 
Hezekiah Or-iudorflf, enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Disch. for disability. 
John O'Connor, enl. Jan. 8, 1804. Mustered out Jime 37, 1865. 
William Quinn, enl. Jan. 9, 1804. Disch. for disability. 
James E. Viers, enl. Feb. 21, 1804. Mustered out June 27, 1805. 
Reuben E. Osgood, enr. as Sergt. Nov. 1, l.^l . Transf. to Co. I. 
George Cntshaw, enl. Dec. 10. 1861. Promoted to Corp. Killed inaction 

June 17. 180!. 
Wellington Parker, enl. Nov. 28, 1861. Shot accidentally Oct. 2, 1862. 
William F. Tousley, enl. Oct. 9, 1861. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Died in 

Hosp. Jan. 0. 1865. 
Cassius C. Starr, enl. Sov. 9, 1801. Promoted to Sergt. Died in Hosp. 

April 22. 1805. 
Henry Fieldhouse. enl. Dec. 10, 1861. Died in Hosp. Sept. 3, 1865. 
Warren L. Sprague, enl. Dec. 10, 1801. Died in rebel prison June 6, 

1861. 
Thomas S. Bark. (See Non-Com. Staff. > 
Harry A. Young. (See Non-Com. Staff.) 
Jesse Welshur. enl. Oct. 15, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

.luue 37. lKii5. 
William D. Warriner, enl. Dec. 11. 1861. Promoted to Sei-gt. Mustered 

out June 37. 1865. 
Horace I, Edgerton, enl, Oct. 18. isoi. Promoted to Corp, .Mustered 

out June -37. iwio. 
William Elliott, enl, Xov. 1, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 
Christopher House, enl. Nov. 21. 1861. Disch. for disability June 39, 1863. 
Lumen S. Holt. enl. Oct. 15, 1801. Mustered out June 37, 1805. 
Hiram Brown, enl. Nov, 28, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 37, 1803. 
Newton D, Boyd, enl. Dec. 10, 1861. Mustered out June 27. 1805, 
Henry L, Campbell, enl. Oct. 12, 1801. Disch. for disability Aug. 9. 1802. 
.\ndrew J. Lamb, enl. Nov. 28, 1801. Disch. for disability Oct. 7, 1802, 
Calvin Sprague, enl, Oct. 14, 1801, Disch, for disability Oct, 39, 1862, 



Jefferson Thomas, enl, Nov, 1, 1861. Disch, for disability, 
William H, Thomas, enl. Dec, 11, 1861, Disch, for disability Feb, 5, 1863. 
Harrison Winters, enl, Dec, 0, 1801, Disch, for disability Dec, 31, 1862. 
William Wheeler, enl. Dec, 10, 1801, Disch, for disability 3Iay 28, 1802, 
Ezra T, Wyatt, enl, Dec, 8, 1861, Mustered out at end of term, Dec. 22, 

1864, 
David Johnson. (See Non-com. Staff, i 

M, I), Trimm, enl, Dec, 10, 1801, Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps, 
Roswell (i. Thomas, enl. Dec, 11. 1801, Disch, for disability, 

COMPANY L, 

George P, Heintz, enl, Feb. 18. 1804. Promoted to Corp. May 1,1865, 

Mustered out with the Co, Aug, 7, 1805, 
Leroy Chase, enl >Iarch 31, 1804, Killed by accident March 7, 1805, 
Daniel France, enl, Feb, 13, 1864, Disch, for disability March 13, 1865, 
William Hantz, enl, Feb, 13, 1874, Disch. June 37, 1865, 
Charles A. Mahoney, enl. Sept, 1, 1864. Disch, May 30, 1805. 
Charles Mahoney, enl, March 26, 1804, Disch, June 27. 1865, 
Henry T, Maple, enl May 34, 1864, Disch, June 27, 1865. 
Stuart O'Neill, enl, April 5, 1864, Disch, June 27, 1865, 
James Redditt. enl, Jan, 7. 1864, Disch. June 27, 1865, 
William Santiman, enl, Feb, 5. 1864. Disch. July 37, 1865. 
Robert Underwood, enl. Feb, 12, 1804, Disch, July 20, 1KC5, for disability 

caused by wounds, 
James Falk, enl, March 31, 1864. Died in .\ndersonville prison. Jan. 23, 

1865. 
Daniel Ring, enl. Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. Aug, 7, 1865, 

COMPANY M, 

Thomas B, File, enr, as Corp, Jan, 4, 1864. Killed in action Sept, 30, 1864. 
Euclid M, Suplee, enr, as Corp. Dec. 28, 1863, Promoted to Sergeant 

Mustered out with the Co, .\ug, 7, 1865, 
Andrew Flick, enr, as Corp. Dec. 19. 1803. Disch, Jan, 22, 1865, 
Charles W. Gardner, enr. as Bugler Nov, 18. 1863. Promoted to Corp. 

Clustered out June 37, 1865 . 
John Anderson, enl. Dec. 2.3, 1863. Mustered out June 27, 1865. 
Ernest Burmester, enl. Dec, 24, 1863, Died in Hosp, at Cleveland, March 

17, 1864. 
William Campbell, enl, Dec, 25, 1863, Mustered out June 27, 1865, 
Philip Carey, enl, Deo, 24. 1863, Mustered out with the Co, 
Frederick Drager, enl, Dec. 2-3. 1863 Died in Salisbury prison Nov, 28, 

1804, 
James E, Durwent, enl, Jan. 2, 1864, Prom, to Sergt, Maj, Dec, 1, 1864, 
Ezra T, Daniels, enl, Jan, 1. 1801, Mustered out June 27. 1865, 
Benj, F, Entrikin, enl, Dec, 18, 1863, Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

June 37, 1865, 
Adoniga Eidinise, enl, Dec, 31, 1803, Mustered out June 37. 1865, 
Almoreen Eidinise. enl. Dec. 34. ISO^J, Mustered out June 27, 1865, 
John N Fillson, enl, Dec, 26, 186:J, Died in Salisbury prison Jan, 1, 1865, 
Francis M, Falloon. enl, Dec, 15, 1863, Mustered out with the Co, 
Robert M, Gilson, enl, Dec. 23, 1863. Died from wounds, L.ec. 16, 1864. 
Charles Hitchcock, enl, Jan, 4. 1864. Disch. May 17, 1865. 
George W. Hunter, enl. Jan, 1, 1804. Mustered out June 27, 1865, 
Henry J, King. enl. Dec. 29, 1803. Promoted to Corp. Died from wounds 

May 13. 1.865, 
Michael Mulverhill, enl, Dec. 33,-1803. Mustered out June 27, 1805. 
Nathaniel Morehead. enl, Dec, 31, 1863. Disch. July 6. 1805. 
Jacob .Miller, enl, Dec, 29, 1803, Mustered out with the Co. 
James McLean, enl. Dec, 38, 1803, Mustered out July 0, 1805. 
Leman J. Morey, enl. Jan, 4. 1804, Mustered out June 27, 1805, 
Harrison Rundell, enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Mustered out July 6, KSOo. 
Arthur Rearding, enl. Jan. 2, 1804, Clustered out June 27, 1805, 
John Rearding, enl, Jan, 2, 1804, Mustered out with the Co. 
Gideon Rabshaw, enl, Dec. 23, 1803, Mustered out June 27, 18M, 
Edward Stewart, enl, Dec, 23, 1863, .Mustered out June 27, 1805. 
William S. Shaw, enl, Dec, 32, 1803, Mustered out June 24, 1805. 
Elmer Stine. enl. Dec, :M, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Stine, enl. Dec. 30, 1803. Mustered out with the Co. 
William F, Smith, enl, Dec, 28. 1863, Mustered out June 37, 1865, 
Henry .1, Shepley. enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

June 27, 1805. 
John Thomas, enl. Jan. 4, 1864, Died at City Point, Va,, June -38, 1864. 
Robert D, VanFossen. enl. Dee, 20. 1863, Mustered ont June 27, 1805, 
John B, Whittaker, enl, Jan, 1, 1804, Mustered out June 27. 1805. 
John A, Stiver, enl. Feb. 11. 1805. .Mustered out June 19, 1805. 
David H, Bricker, enl, Feb, 34, 1864, Promoted to Corp . Mvistered out 

June 37. 1865. 
John A. Algier, enl, Feb, 11, 1865.' Mustered out June 37, 1865, 
Peter Conway, enl. Dec. 39, 1803. Mustered out June 27, 1805. 
John J. Handell, enl. Dec, 30, 1803, .Mustered out June 27. 1805. 



170 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER X X XIV. 

TENTH AND TWELFTH CAVALKY 

Organization and Equipment of the Tenth— Around Murfreesboro— At 
Chickamauga— Defeating Indians and Capturing Vance— The Atlanta 
Campaign— Opening the Battle of Resaea— Service under Kilpatrick— 
On the March to the Sea-Scattering Wheeler's Horsemen— Captur- 
ing Cannon with the Saber — All Wlieeler's Cavalrj- Defeated— Through 
the Carolinas — Mustered Out — The Cuyahoga Members— Brilliant Ser- 
vice of the Twelfth Cavalry — A Vivid Record — Guarding Prisoners— 
In Kentucky— Starting for Saltville— Back to Meet Morgan— A Rat- 
tling Ride— Charging into Camp — A Desperate Fight— The Rebels De- 
feated—The Final Rout at Cynthiana— Hei-rick's Fifteen Scatter Four 
Hundred — Morgan's Power destroyed— Another Saltville Expedition 
— A Terrific Night — 3Ieu and Horses falling down Precipices— Reach- 
ing Saltville — Early's Infantry- The Unionists defeated— Loss of the 
Regiment— To East Tennessee— The Third Saltville Expedition— Co. F. 
leads a Charge— Gillem meets Vaughn— Charge after Charge —"A 
'Whirlwind on Horseback— Thirty-three Miles in Six Hours— Eight 
Cannon captured — Wytheville taken in an Instant — Back toward 
Saltville— Meeting Breckenridge— His Flight— Destruction of the Salt 
"Works— The Twelfth as Constant Rear-guard -The Last Great Raid — 
Six Thousand Horsemen — Tearing up Railroads —Defeating Four 
Thousand Infantry— Capturing Thirteen Hundred Prisoaers and Four- 
teen Cannon— Sixty -seven Days in the Saddle— Service after the War 
-Mustered Out in November — Cuyahoga in the Twelfth. 

TENTH CAVALRY. 

Although organized at Camp Taylor, near Cleve- 
land, iu October, 1862, this regimeut was uot 
equipped so as to be ready for the field until the 
spring of 1863. It had thirty-eight men from Cuy- 
ahoga county, about half of them in Company I, and 
the rest in Companies E, F and H. It proceeded 
to Nashville and thence to Murfreesboro; remaining 
at and near the latter place on active scout and picket 
duty until the latter part of June, 1863, when it 
advanced with Rosecrans' army in the Chattanooga 
campaign. At Chickamauga it guarded the commu- 
nications in the rear. Afterwards a part of it remained 
in the Sequatchie valley, fighting guerrillas, while 
the rest went to East Tennessee, where it was engaged 
for three months iu almost daily conflict with the 
outlying troops of Longstreet's force. At one time 
the command defeated three hundred Indians and 
two hundred North Carolinaiaus under General (now 
Senator) Vance, of that State; capturing that officer, 
his wagon-train and a hundred of his men. 

After the re-union of the regiment it was mounted, 
and in the spring of 1864 moved forward with Sher- 
man on the Atlanta campaign. The Tenth led the 
charge which opened the battle of Resaea, suffering 
heavy loss, and thereafter it was actively engaged 
under the fiery Kilpatrick throughout the campaign. 
Under this renowned leader it was engaged in numer- 
ous conflicts with tlie enemy's cavalry, which was thus 
prevented from annoying the main army. The Union 
liorsemen were also of the utmost use in obtaining 
information of the enemy. 

During the "March to the Sea" in the autumn 
of 1864 the cavalry did whatever fighting was done, 
and, as the Tenth Ohio was esjiecially accustomed 
to the use of the saber, it was frequently called on to 
lead a charge against the enemy which hovered on 
the flanks. At Lovejoy's Station nine regiments of 
Union cavalry, of which the Tenth Ohio was one, 
made a charge which scattered Wheeler's rebel horse 



almost in an instant. The Tenth also attacked gal- 
lantly and with great effect at Bear Creek Station. 
At Macon it charged the enemy's breastworks with 
drawn sabers, under the fire of thirteen pieces of 
artillery; driving the enemy out and capturing two 
of the guns. 

At Waynesboro, Georgia, on the 1st of December, 
the second division led the attack against all Wheeler's 
cavalry, then numbering nearly ten thousand men, 
while Kilpatrick had but about five thousand. While 
a part of the command advanced dismounted, the 
Tenth Ohio charged with the saber on the flank and 
aided in gaining a complete victory over the enemy, 
who was driven eight miles. 

During the campaign through the Carolinas the 
Tenth was also actively engaged on the flanks; inva- 
riably driving back the enemy's cavalry, and some- 
times scattering the demoralized infantry which had 
been picked up to make a show of resistance against 
the veteran columns of Sherman. The regiment was 
mustered out on the 1st of September, 1865. 

MEMBERS FROM CfYAHOGA COUNTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

Thomas 'W. Sanderson, enr. as Major Jan. 15. 1863. Promoted to Lieut. 

Col. April 20. 1864. and to Col. Jan. 30, 1805. Mustered out with the 

Reg. Sept. 1, 1865. 
Lyman C. Thayer, enr. as Major Nov. 10, 186S. Resigned Oct. 6, 1863. 
William G. Hall, enr. as Asst. Surg. Feb. 1, 1868. Resigned Sept. 12, 186-3. 
Henry Frizzell. enr. as 1st Lieut, and Q. M. Oct. 4, 1863. Resigned June 

13, 1863. 

NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Lewis H. Brainard. enl Nov. 7, 1803. Promoted to Cora. Sergt. Jan. 15, 
1863, and to Sergt. Major Jan 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Reg. 

COMPANY E 

Edward M. Hayes, enr. as 3d Lieut. Oct. 9, 1868. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 
Jan. 15, 1863, and to Capt. March 17, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 

Sept. I, ISlVJ. 

COMPANT F 

James S. Morgan, enr. as 3d Lieut. Oct. 18, 1862. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 
March 24, 18<i4. Killed in action Nov. 16, 1864. 

COMPANY G. 

Edwin McGaughy, enr. as 2d Lieut. Co. I Oct. 4, 1S03. Promoted to 1st 
Lieut. March 17, 1864, and to Capt. Co. G Jan. .30, 1865. Mustered out 
with the Co. Sept. I, 1865. 

COMPAN-Y H. 

Edwin B, Campbell, 2nd Lieut. (See Co L ) 

Thomas G. Northrup, enr. as 2d Lieut. Oct. 16, 1,863. Res April U. 18ft). 

COMPANY I. 

Edwin McGaughy, enr as 2d Lieut. Oct 4, 1862. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

March 17. 1864. 
James L. Thayer, enl. Oct. 6, 1862. Promoted to 3d Lieut. March 24, 1864. 

Resigned Sept. 29, 1864. 
Albert C Lovett. enl. Oct. 10. 1863. Promoted to Q. 51. Sergt. March 1. 

1863, and to 3d Lieut. July 25, 1861. Resigned April 9, 1865. 
JuUus Beck, enr. as Ist Sergt. Oct. 8, 1863. Disch. for disability June 

10, 1865. 
Lewis H. Brainard. (See Non-Com Staff.) 
J. C. Harrington, enr. as Corp. October 20, 1862 Promoted to Sergt. 

Disch. for disability June 14, 18(»5. 
■W. W Tillotson, enl. Nov. 3, 1863. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., April 

33, 1863 
John Eagleson, enl. Oct. 16, 1862. Mustered out with Co. July 24, 1865. 
Caleb Turner, enl. Oct. 16, 1863. Disch. for disability June 30, 1863. 
Frederick Alley, enl. Nov. 4, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Benson, enl. Nov. 10, 1862, Mustered out with the Co . 
Benj. F. Brown, enl. Oct. 80. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles A. Camp. enl. Oct. 11. 1868. Died at Cleveland, O., Jan., 1863. 
James Campbell, enl. Oct. 8, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. July 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. 
Joel VV. Dean. enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Feb. 6, 1864. 

Clustered out Aug. 3, 1865. 



TENTH AND TWELF'J'II CA\'ALRY, ETC. 



171 



S. M. Hendershott, enl. Oct. 9, 1863, Transf. to Co. E March 4, 1863. 

Died at Annapolis, Md., May 3, 1863. 
Jehu Hiiber, enl. Oct. 10, 1862. Disch. tor disability July 8. 186;J. 
Emerson C. Horton, enl. Oct. 28. 1862. Disch. .June 26, 1865. 
Henry Koehler. enl. Nov 17, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles Lewis, enl. Oct. 16, 1882. Mustered out with the Co. 
Terry McConner. enl. Oct. 27, 1868. Mustered out with the Co. 
John H. Oakley, enl. Oct. 10, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Samuel Shaffer, enl. Oct. 26. 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
Charles L. Stephens, enl. Oct. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Seymour, enl. Nov. 3, 1862. Disch. for disability June 36, 1863. 
Frederick McGill, enl. Dec. 88, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Alfred Jago. enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Co 

COMPANY L. 

Edwin B. Camphell, enl. May 18. 1861. Co. A, 23ra Regt. Inf. Prom, to 
Sergt. Oct. 1. 1862. Was discharged. Re-enlisted 10th Cav., Co M, 
as 2nd Lieut. July 25, 1863. Prom. June 14, 18i>4, to 1st Lieut. Co. H. 
and .July 1, 1865, to Capt. Co. L. Mustered out with the Reg. July 
24, 1865. 

TWKI.FTK ( AWVLRY.* 

Although the regiment had hut sixty-eight mem- 
bers from Cuyahoga county (scattered through all its 
companies, from fourteen in Company F, down to 
one in Company A,) yet its brilliant and interesting 
record is well worthy the attention of our readers, 
ilany other cavalry regiments doubtless had the will, 
but few had the fortune to meet with such stirring 
adventures, and these have been so vividly set forth 
in Captain Mason's narrative that we can only regret 
that the many interests with which we have to deal 
compel us to condense it to such meager proportions. 

Tiie regiment was raised in the autumn of 1863; 
almost all the officers and a large part of the men 
having seen service before. In November Companies 
A, C, D, F, I and L. under Major Herriek, with in- 
fantry arms, were sent to guard the rebel prisoners on 
Johnson's island; there being then much excitement 
regarding their threatened rescue. After arduous 
service there for three months, they joined the other 
companies at Camp Dennison; the latter having been 
drilling in the meantime at Camp Chase. At Camp 
Deni.ison full erjuipments were issued, including 
seven-shooting Spencer carbines, together with an 
extremely fine outfit of horses. 

On the Tth of April the regiment reached Lexing- 
ton, Kentucky. After various marches to and fro it 
set out from Mt. Sterling in May with other mounted 
regiments, all under General Buruside, to cross the 
mountains two hundred and fifty miles into \'irginia, 
and destroy the Confederate salt-works and stores at 
Saltville, in that State. After going to the valley of 
the Big Sandy and waiting there two weeks for sup- 
]ilies, the command again advanced, but had scarcely 
made a day's march when the general heard from his 
scouts that the celebrated John Morgan had passed 
through another gap with a large force, and was mak- 
ing straight for the most fertile portions of Kentucky. 
The column iniinciliately reversed its course, and 
jiuslied on l)y forced marches to meet that energetic 
ciiminander. 



"Condensed from Captain F. H. Mason's history of the regiment. 
Captain Mason is also the author of an interesting history* of the Forty* 
second Infantry, to which accident prevented our giving the proper 
credit. 



Near nightfall on the 8th of June, thirty-seven 
miles from Mt. Sterling, it was learned that Morgan 
had taken the camp left there by the Unionists, with 
all the sick and convalescents, and all the stores uot 
taken on the expedition. He was then occupying the 
captured camp. The distance must be spanned before 
dawn or he would be gone. The already weary 
horses were urged to new exertions, and all night the 
column pushed forward at a rapid trot. Toward 
morning it broke into a gallop. Six miles from Mt. 
Sterling Morgan's careless pickets, who supjjosed the 
whole Union force to be in Virginia, were captured 
in an instant by the headlong column, W'ithout a shot 
being fired. A short halt was made to wait for the 
first dawn of light, and again the column went forward 
at a gallop; the Twelfth Ohio being in the van, except 
a small detachment of Kentucky mounted infantry, 
the men of which acted as guides. 

The inner pickets fired, but the assailants, urging 
their horses to a harder gallop, dashed over and past 
them without a moment's pause, and whirled straight 
at Morgan's mounted infantry, who lay in camp on 
the road the Unionists were following. Roused by 
the firing, they sprang up, and though completely 
sur^jrised made a sharp fight. The first battalion 
of the Twelfth drove them back into their camp, and 
then galloped on to attack Morgan's cavalry on the 
other side of town. 

The other two battalions were detained by a dis- 
mounted cannon. Sixty pushed forward under Major 
Moderwell. Moderwell and Colonel Brent, the Con- 
federate commander, met and severely wounded each 
other. The sixty were almost overpowered, when the 
rest of the forces came up. After a short but terrific 
fight the rebels fled at their utmost speed. 

Meanwhile the first battalion, two hundred strong, 
had passed through town and attacked the six hun- 
dred cavalry on the north side. One company of the 
Twelfth charged them on the flank — the other three in 
front; and, not knowing what force they were fight- 
ing in the uncertain dawn, the six hundred also fled 
toward Lexington. Hot pursuit was made and many 
prisoners taken, but the rebels were largely Kentuck- 
ians and knew the country better than the Unionists; 
so that the greater part escaped. 

Morgan was absent with a detacliment at tiie time 
of this combat, but soon returned and gathered his 
men. On the afternoon of the 9th he made a des- 
perate effort to recover Mt. Sterling, but the Twelfth 
Ohio lay behind a rail fence and cut his lines in 
pieces with a terrific tire: then charged and utterly 
routed him. In both contests the regiment had a 
hundred and thirly-.-eAen men killed, wounded ai.d 
missing. 

Morgan then retreated to Cynthiana; iiis thinned 

ranks being jiartly filled l)y rebel Kentuckians. There 

Burbridge's command again attacked him, at dawn on 

the ]2th of June. The Twelfth Ohio and Eleventli 

i Michigan again charged with drawn sabers in the 

I front line, and again the^rebels fled in utter coufu- 



172 



GENEEAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



sion. Major Herrick crossed the river with a squad 
of fifteen. Seeing three or four hundred of the enemy 
in line, the squad instantly charged and the rebels 
fled, though doubtless they were influenced by the 
operations of larger detachments who were likely to 
cut off their retreat. Morgan's force was utterly 
broken np, and at once fled through the mountains; 
and in fact the celebrated partisan never did any- 
thing of much consequence afterward. 

During most of the summer the Twelfth was sta- 
tioned at Richmond, Kentucky, protecting the Union- 
ists from guerrillas. On the 20th of September it 
again set out for Saltville, with a force of nearly five 
thousand cavalry and mounted infantry, still under 
the command of General Burbridge. East of the Big 
Sandy the roads were even worse than before, and 
one night's march is described as probably the most 
fearful one ever made on the continent when no 
enemy was present. For miles the road wound along 
enormous cliffs which towered on one side, while 
terrific gorges yawned on the other. The rain fell in 
torrents and Egyptian darkness shrouded the path, 
save when the blinding lightning half revealed the 
perils which threatened the devoted soldiery. No 
less tlian eight men with their horses fell down those 
awful precipices and were killed, while many others 
who fell in less dangerous places, though badly 
bruised, were drawn up by the lariats of their com- 
i"ades. 

The column at length reached the vicinity of Salt- 
ville, and was making good headway against the 
forces with which Gen. Breckenridge was defending 
that place, when it was suddenly confronted by a 
large force, estimated at five thousand, of Early's in- 
fantry, which had come through from the Shenan- 
doah valley to defend the threatened point. The 
Unionists were completely defeated, and considered 
themselves fortunate in being able to escape through 
the mountains to Kentucky. The Twelfth Ohio had 
forty-nine killed and wounded on the expedition. 

In November, 1864, the regiment went to East 
Tennessee, and on the 12th of December set out on 
the third expedition against Saltville, which the 
Union generals seemed as determined to take as were 
the old crusaders to capture Jerusalem. This time 
the Twelfth was a part of six thousand cavalry under 
Gen. Stoneman. which was joined in Virginia by a 
smaller force under Gen. Burbridge. 

After defeating Basil Duke and capturing Bris- 
tol, with immense supplies, the column approached 
Abingdon, Va., in the night. A Kentucky regiment 
was ordered to charge into town. The colonel de- 
monstrated on account of the darkness, etc., when 
Lieut. Holt asked leave to lead the charge with Com- 
pany F of the Twelfth Ohio. Leave was granted, 
the company dashed forward at the gallop, and m 
twenty minutes Abingdoii was captured, though the 
gallant lieutenant was badly wounded. 

The command pressed forward and Gen. Gillem's 
brigade of four regiments (the Twelftli being one) 



was sent to Marion, where it met Vaughn's command 
of rebel cavalry with eight pieces of artillery. Gil- 
lem's men instantly charged, shattered the rebel force 
and sent it flying on the road to Wytheville, thirty- 
three miles distant. Then ensued one of the most 
remarkable rides known in the history of war. At 
every opportunity the Confederates placed one or two 
guns in position and endeavored to stop the LTnion 
advance. In every instance but a single shot was 
fired ere the men of the Twelfth, with their comrades, 
charged with the saber before the artillerists could 
reload, and cut them down at their pieces or com- 
pelled them to flee for their lives. In this way the 
whole eight pieces were taken and three hundred 
prisoners; besides which, half as many more were 
killed and wounded. 

Thirty-three miles were made in six hours without 
hardly a shot being fired by the Unionists. When 
tue column reached the hill nearest Wytheville, the 
town was in the wildest confusion. Vaughn's de- 
moralized men were mingled with the garrison and 
with the citizens fleeing from their homes, and no 
one knew what to do to escape from the terrible Yan- 
kees. Gen. Gillem sent a flag to demand a surrender. 
It was refused, and scarcely had the bearer turned 
back when Gillem thundered the order to charge, 
and the brigade went forward like a whirlwind. The 
Confederates attempted a feeble resistance but were 
scattered in an instant, and Wytheville with ail its 
immense stores was in the hands of the Unionists. 

After destroying the great railroad bridge over New 
river, the brigade rejoined Stoneman and returned 
toward Saltville, which had been passed. Gen. 
Breckenridge left his intrenchments there, and came 
to see who was tearing Virginia to pieces in this re- 
markable manner. A regiment in advance of the 
Twelfth met the enemy's cavalry, and began to dis- 
mount in order to fight on foot. Major Herrick im- 
mediately rode ahead with two hundred sabers, 
charged and drove the enemy's horse, back in confu- 
sion on his main body. Breckenridge had a large 
force, but after maneuvering a while he began to fear 
he should be cut in pieces, and fled to North Carolina. 
The command then destroyed the great salt-works 
at Saltville, thus striking another terrible blow at the 
Confederacy, and started back across the mountains. 

The hardships of the return were very great, the 
Twelfth Ohio being constantly required to act as rear 
guard, because, as the commanding general said, he 
wanted " no skedaddling from the rear." 

After six weeks in Kentucky the regiment again 
went to East Tennessee, and engaged in its last great 
expedition. It started on the 20th of March; the 
whole force comprising six or seven thousand horse- 
men under Gen. Stoneman. The column took an 
extremely circuitous route, but finally struck the 
Lynchburg and East Tennessee railroad at Christians- 
burg, Virginia, tearing up fifteen miles of track and 
preventing the retreat of Lee in that direction. Then 
it rode eastward to the Richmond and Danville road. 



TENTH AND TWELFTH CAVALRY, ETC. 



173 



where it performed ii similar service. Approaching 
.Salisbury, North Carolina, a part of the force, includ- 
ing the Twelfth Ohio, defeated four thousand Confed- 
erate infantry with a single charge: capturing fourteen 
cannon and thirteen hundred prisoners. It then re- 
leased what Union prisoners were left at Salisbury, 
and moved southward. It had no more serious fight- 
ing to do, but by its movements aided in the capture 
of .Jefferson t)avis, passed on through Georgia and 
Alabama, and, after being sixty-seven days in the 
saddle, reached the Union lines at Bridgeport in tiie 
latter State on the 26th of May. 

After serving in East Tennessee three niDuths and 
ill Middle Tennessee two mouths more, it was mus- 
tered out at Nashville on the 1-lthof November, 1805, 
and was dislmnded at Columbus, Ohio, on the 23d of 
tilt' same mouth. 

MEMBEKS FROM CUYAHOUA (OIXTY. 

FIELD ASD STAFF. 

Jiihn F. Herrick, enr. as Capt. Co. F, Sept. 19, l&Xi. Promoted to Major 
Oct. S4. 1863. and to Lieut. Col. July l.i, 1^65. Resigned July 16. 1865. 
Brig. Genl. by brevet. 

N'ON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 

Edward Clifford, enr. asSergt. Aug. 37. ISia. Promoted to Sergt. Major 

Nov. 34, 1863. Disch. for disability Feb. 16, 18(i4. 
John A. Phelps, eul. Oct. 19, 186-3 Promoted to Q. M. Sergt. May 1, 1864. 

.Mustered out with the Co. Nov. 24. 1865. 
Henry V. Schenck, enr. as Com. Sergt. Oct. 20, 186-3. Mustered out Nov. 

24, 1865. 
Howard H. Hall, enl. Oct. 13, 1863. Promoted to Com. Sergt. and to Q. 

M. Sergt. Nov. 12, 1865. Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPAMV A. 

Nicholas Anitillop, enl. Aug- 28, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. Nov. 

24. isiij. 
Henry Uotts, enl. Sept. 17 1863. Disch. for disability March 23, 1864. 
James Hussey. enl. Sept. 26, 1863. Made officer of Sixth U. S. Col. Cav. 
Donald W. McDonald, enl. Oct. 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Edward Clifford. (See Non-com. Staff.) 

COMPANY B. 

.John A- Phelps- (See Non-com. Staff.) 

.John Burns, enl. Sept. 7, 1863. Disch. tor disability April ■-•7, 1865. 

Robert B. Foutts. enl. Oct. 24, 1863. Made officer of 72d Reg. U. S. Col. 

Troops Sept. 27. 1864. 
(i.'orge C. Hinshillwood, enl. Oct. 23, 1863. Killed at battle of Saltville, 

Va., Oct. 2, 181)4. 
(ieorge \V. Middleton, enl. Nov. 23, l8i>3. Detached for special duty at 

Kno.wille, Tenn., Aug. 1.5, 1865. 

COMPANY C. 

William H. Collins, enl. Oct. 3. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. Nov. 24, 

1865. 
John Snider, enl. Oct. 23. 18ia. Mustered out with the Co 

C0MPA.VV D. 

Archibald H. Thomsen. enr. as 2d Lieut Oct. 28, 186-3. Promoted to 
1st Lieut, and transf. to Co. D Jlay 11, 186."). and to Capt. Nov. 12, 
1865. 51ustered out with the Co Nov. 23, WA. 
i.hn Harney, enl. Oct. 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPANY E. 

.\rehibalil H. Thomsen, enr. as 2d Lieut. Oct. 28, 1863. Promoted to 1st 

Lieut, and transf. to Co. D May 11, 1865. 
John \V. Taylor, eur. as Q. M. Sergt. Oct. 24, IS63. JIustered out June 

JO, 1865 
Lester Crittenden, enr. as Corp. Oct. 21, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
John B. .^Uchon, enl. Sept. 28, 1863. JIustered out with the Co. 
James Bell, enl. Oct. 27, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 



Lewis W. Dake, enl. Nov. 9, 1863. Drowned at Louisville, Ky., March 28, 

1864. 
John Hartman, enl. Oct. 27. 1863. Died at Camp Nelson, Ky., Oct. 6, 1854. 
John W. Myers, enl. Sept. 28. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William Tushinghara, enl. Oct. 1, 1863. Disch. Aug. 5, 1864. 
John Wither.-ity. enl. Oct. 27, 1863. Mustered out May 21. 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

John F. Herrick. enr. as Capt. Sept. 19, 1863. (See Field and Staff.) 
Wells A. Chamberlain, enr. as Corp Oct. 19, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. 

Sept. I. 1805. Mustered out with the Co. Nov, 24, 1865. 
William I. Pond. enr. as Sergt. Oct. 8. 1863. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 117th 

Reg. U. S. Col. Inf. July 15, 1864. 
W'illiam Heffron, enl. Sept. 21, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Clustered out 

with the Co. 
Frederick Gotts, enl. Oct. 6, lf63. Made Trumpeter Nov. 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Co. 
Frank L. Bostwick, enl. Oct. 26. 1863. Transf. to Reg. Band. Mustered 

out with the Reg. 
John Dagner. enl. Oct. 16, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
W'illiam Long, enl Sept. 2.5. 1863. Disch. for disability Oct. 24, 1864. 
Thomas W. Nolan, enl. Sept. 21. 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William L. Raymond, enl. Oct. 26, 1863. Died at Mt. Sterling. Ky.. June 

15. 1864. frnm wounds rec'd June 8. 
EllshaC. Woods, enl. Sept. 21. 1863. Disch Aug. 14, 1865. 
Daniel M. Hall. enr. as Q. M. Sergt. Nov. 7. 1863. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 

Nov. 12. 1865. Mustered out with the Co. Nov. 24, 1865. 
Howard H. Hall. (See NonCom. Staff.) 
Benj. A. Griggs, enl. Nov. 8, 1863, Killed in action at Mt. Sterling, Ky., 

June 9, 1854. 
Charles M. Hall, enl. Oct. 13. isns. Died June 16, 1864, from wounds 

rec'd in action June 8. 

COMPANY H. 

Lewis W Nickerson. enl. Nov. 14. 1863 Promoted to Sergt. Nov. 22, 

IS64. Mustered out with the Co. Nov. 23, 1865. 
William Braden, enl. Nov. 12, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Co. 
Francis Newson. enl. Oct. 30, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
James W. Slocum, enl. Oct. 13, 1863. Died at Louisville, Ky., July 15, 

1865. 
Ralph Spencer, enl. Oct. 15, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 

COMPANY I. 

Isaac Green, enl. Nov. 3. 1863, Killed at Saltville, Va.. Oct. 2, 18(U. 

COMPANY K. 

James L. Green, enl. Nov, II. isia. Mustered out with the Co. Nov. 23, 

1865. 
Frank P. Jacobs, enl. Nov. :U, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Daniel Johnson, enl. Oct. 31, 1863. Killed at Mt. Sterling, Ky., June 8, 

1864. 
Matthew Sanderson, enl. Nov. 16. lKfi3 Mustered out Nov. 9, 1865. 
John B. Shannon, enl, Nov. 13. 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps May 

10. 1865. 
William Shears, enl. Oct. 31, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Speddy. enl. Nov. 9, 186:). Mustered out with the Co. 
Joseph Waltermyer, enl. Oct. 31, 1863, Mustered out with the Co. 



Orlando C. Van Wagnen, enl. Nov. 10, 1863. 

Josiah D. Clarke, enl. Nov. 10, 1863 Mustered out with the Co. Nov. 

24, 1865. 
John Fesse. enl. Nov. 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George R. Fox. enl. Nov. 10, 1S6;. Mustered out with the Co. 
Dennis Leary. enl. July 27 1864. JIustered out June 16, 1865. 
William Sayles. enl Nov, 3, 18i>3. Transf. to Vet Res. Corps Dec. 3, 1864. 

Mustered out .\pril 25. 1865. 



William Humlong. enl. Nov. 12, 1863. Prom, to Sergt. Maj. Feb. 17, 1864, 

and to 2nd Lieut. Disch. July 20, 1865. 
John H. Conoway. enl. Dec. 3, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Jan. 8, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Co. Nov. 34. 1865. 
Joseph W. Bridge, enl. Nov 2. 1N6:J. Mustered out with the Co. 
Martin Dosch. enl. Nov. 16, 186:). Mustered out with the Co. 
James Forsythe, enl. Dec. 5, 1863. Disch. June 23, 1865. 
John Jones, enl. Nov. 4, 18(i3. Mustered out with the Co. 
Dennis Keef, enl. Nov. 4, 186:J. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Wilson, enl. Not. 3, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
William .-V. Wicks, enl. Nov. 4, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 



174 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER XXXV. 

FIRST LIGHT AHTILIiEKY, ETC. 

The Old Militia Regiment— Tlie Offer of Service— To tlie FroDt onTwo 
Days Notice— In West Virginia- The Fight at Philippi— Laurel Hill 
and C'arrick's Ford— Mustered out of the Three Mouths' Service — 
Reorganized for Three Years— The Batteries serve separately— 
Number of Cuyahoga Men — Batteries mustered successively— Battery 
A in Kentucky— At Corinth- Back to Kentucky, and then to Ten- 
nessee —Four Guns lost at Stone River— Stubborn Fighting- The 
Advance— Hotly engaged at Chickamauga— In East Tennessee~Re- 
enllsted— The Atlanta Campaign— Pulaski and Columbia— Subsequent 
Services— Mustered out — Battery B under Thomas— Wild Cat Camp 
— Mill Springs— To and fro— Hard Fighting at Stone River— Chick- 
amauga —The Re-enlistment — Long Sojuui n at Bridgeport - Mustered 
out— Battery C at Mill Springs- The Advance on Corinth — Northward 
with Buell — In Reserve at Perryville— .\ Fight with Morgan— Its 
Conduct at Chickamauga— The Re-enlistment— Through the Atlanta 
Campaign — Down to .the Sea, and through the Carolinas-Out of 
Service— Battery D at Ivy Mountain— Captured at Mumfordsville— 
Re-organized— Taking Cumberland Gap — Defending Knoxville— The 
Atlanta Campaign, etc— Mustered out — Battery E on the Same Old 
Ground — An Ariillery Duel — Success and Disaster at Stone River- 
Its Subsequent Battles— Home again- Battery G at Pittsburg Land- 
ing-Long Marches— Stone River— Constant Services— Two Months 
under Fire — Re-enlistment- After Wheeler — Resisting Hood— Nash- 
ville— At Huntsville for the Winter — Into North Carolina— At New 
Orleans— Citizens Once More — Battery K in Virginia— McDowell, 
Port Repbblic and Cedar Mountain— Lairy's Ford and Bull Run- 
Hard F'ighting at Gettysburg— With Hooker to Chickamauga— The 
Fight at Night— Its Last Battles— End of Service— Roster oi Cuya- 
hoga Soldiers in the Whole Regiment — Men of the Second Heavy 
Artillerj- from this County. 

The First Oliio Voluiitt-er Light Artillery had its 
origin in a militia regiment, called the First Ohio 
Light Artillery, which was organized in 1860. It 
consisted of six companies; four, (A, B, D and E) of 
Cleveland; one of Brooklyn and one of Geneva, in 
Ashtabula county. It was officered by Col. James 
Barnett, Lieut. Col. E. B. Sturgis, Major Gates and 
Quartermaster Amos Townsend. Each company had 
but one gun; so that practically the strength of the 
" regiment" was only that of a six-gun battery. It 
took part in the Perry celebration of 1800, and in the 
succeeding winter the officers and men adopted a reso- 
lution tendering their services to the State govern- 
ment in ease of necessity. When the storm burst in the 
spring of 1861, they were called on to redeem their 
pledge, and did so with the greatest promptness. 

The telegraphic order to take the field, with twenty 
men jDer gun, came on Saturday, the 20th of April, 
and in the evening of the following Monday, the com. 
mand reached Columbus, whence it was sent to Mari- 
etta. On the 28th of May it entered West Virginia. 
Col. Barnett, with four guns, was stationed for a 
while at Grafton. Lieut. Col. Sturgis, with two guns, 
took part in the fight at Philippi, and it is stated 
that these were the first cannon fired by the National 
forces after the fall of Sumter. About the last of 
June the detachment rejoined the regiment, which 
then advanced with Gen. Morris' command to Laurel 
Hill, and assisted in driving the rebels from that 
place. They were pursued to Carrick's Ford, where 
they were finally and completely routed, and their 
commander. Gen. Garnett. was killed. The regiment 
was then ordered back to Columbus, where it was 
mustered out of the three months" service near the 
26th of Jul v. 



Immediately afterwards Gov. Deunison, undvr 
authority of the War Department, ordered the regi- 
ment to be re-organized for three years as the First 
Volunteer Light Artillery, with twelve batteries, of 
a hundred and fifty men each. It was mustered in 
on the 3d of September, 1861, and was provided with 
a colonel, lieutenant-colonel and three majors; yet 
from the nature of artillery service each battery acted 
separately. The field officers were detached on vari- 
ous staff positions, and rarely had any thing to do 
with the batteries which were nominally under their 
command. It will therefore be necessary to give a 
slight sketch of the services of each battery which 
had any considerable representation from Cuyahoga 
county. Of these there were no less than seven; Bat- 
tery A having thirty-eight Cuyahoga men during the 
war; Battery B, uinety-nine; C, thirty-nine; D, sixty- 
nine; E, sixty-two; G, a hundred and sixty-four, and 
K, forty-eight. Besides these. Batteries H and K 
hae three Cuj-ahogians each; I, four, and M, one; 
making a total of four hundred and ninety-two men, 
besides the field and staff. 

Things were done iu a somewhat slii)-shod way in 
those early days, and at the time at which the muster- 
in of the regiment was dated few of the batteries 
were full. As these were completed, they were mus- 
tered in. at Camp Dennison, and sent thence to the 
field. Following, we give an outline (necessarily brief 
to the extreme of mcagerness) of their respective ser- 
vices. The roster attached has reference only to the 
three-years men. 

BATTERY A. 

Battery A was mustered into the service Septem- 
ber 25, 1861, and proceeded at once to Louisville, lac- 
ing the first Ohio battery to report in that depart- 
ment. Remaining iu Kentucky during the winter, 
it moved in the spring of 1862 to Pittsburg Landing, 
via Nashville, reaching the former place at the close 
of the memorable battle fought there. It was in the 
advance on Corinth ; marched with General McCook 
through Tennessee, and with Buell through Ken- 
tucky. During these movements a portion of the 
battery, being detached for the defense of Mumfords- 
ville, was captured by Bragg. Marching southward 
from Louisville in Sill's division, it participated in 
numerous skirmishes en route, and did not reach 
Perryville until three days after the battle at that 
ix)int. 

In the Army of the Cumberland, under Rosecraus. 
it operated iu McCook's division. When the disaster 
occurred on the right at Stone River, Battery A lost 
four guns, but with the remaining two fought stub- 
boruly at every possible point; the officers and men 
continuing the contest until the last gun was disa- 
bled, and then aiding to work the guns of other 
batteries. 

It was reorganized and equipped at Murfreesboio 
and assigned to the second division of the Army of 
the Cumlierlaiid. It ]iarticiiiated in tlie movenieiit 



FIRST LIGHT ARTILLERY, ETC. 



175 



on Tulliihomu and foiiglic gallantly at Chickamauga, 
wluTe by the utmost exertion it saved its guns amid 
the general disaster, though with a loss of seventeen 
men killed and wounded. It entered Chattanooga 
witii tiie army and aided in the subsequent defense of 
thill idwii. While niarehiug through East Tennessee 
in I>eeember, 1803, and January, 1864:, it fought fre- 
quently with the enemy's cavalry, and invariably 
drove tliem back. On the 30th of January it re en- 
listed, and soon returned to Oliioon veteran furlough. 
It subsequently joined the second division of the 
Fourth army corps, and took part in the entire At- 
lanta campaign. Returning to Tennessee with the 
Fourth corps, it was warmly engaged with the rebels, 
under Hood, at Pulaski and Columbia. It jiassed on 
witiiout further active service to Nashville: arriving 
just after the battle before that city. Later it was 
sent to New Orleans, but after a short stay was 
brought home and mustered out on the 31st of July, 
18C5. 

BATTERY B. 

This battery was mustered into the service on the 
Sth of October, 1861, with one hundred and forty- 
seven men, of whom ninety-nine w-ere from Cuyahoga 
county. It reported to Gen. Thomas in Kentucky, 
and saw its fii'st field service at Wildcat Camp, where 
it silenced a rebel gun. On the 5th of November it 
joined the Seventeenth Ohio Infantry at Fishing 
Creek, and during the ensuing month was busily en- 
gaged in skirmishing and scouting. Moving on the 
17th of January, 186-2, to join Gen. Thomas at Mill 
Springs, it was in the thickest of the fight at that 
place, after which it proceeded to Nishville, where 
on the 4th of March it went into camp. 

On the 29th it joined BuelFs army, and, until the 
lOih of July, was employed in looking after the rebel 
caviilry tlien infesting Middle Tennessee. During 
July, August and September it was almost constantly 
on the march in Eastern and iliddle Tennessee and 
Kentucky. It occupied a place on the right wing of 
Buell's army at the battle of Perrysville. but took no 
part in the action. The battery encountered no stir- 
ring adventure until its participation in the battle of 
Stone river, in which it fought with great gallantry; 
losing seventeen men killed, wounded and missing. 
Its next important service was at the battle of Chicka- 
mauga. On the second day of that combat it was 
charged by a large body of the enemy, but at first 
drove them back with heavy loss. Another charge 
was made, and, as the infantry support had given wav, 
the battery was obliged to retreat with the loss of two 
of its guns. 

It shared the hardships of the siege of Chattanooga; 
remaining near there until after the battle of Mission 
Ridge. It then returned to Nashville, and, on the 
4th of January, 18G4, sixty-five of the original mem- 
bers of the command re-enlisted as veterans. After 
they had enjoyed their thirty days furlougii, the bat- 
tery reported to Gen. Thomas at Bridgeport, Ala. ; 
remaining stationed at that point until Julj-, 1866. 



It was then sent to Columbus, Ohio, and mustered 
out; being one of the last organizations to retire from 
the service. 

BATTERY C. 

This organization was mustered into the service on 
the 9th of September, 1861, and on the 1st of October 
left Camp Dennison and reported to Gen. Thomas in 
Kentucky. Directly thereafter it joined an expedi- 
tion intended to relieve East Tennessee, and achieved 
signal honors at the important victory of Mill Springs. 
It joined Buell's army at Nashville, but did not reach 
Pittsburg Landing in time to take part in the battle. 
In the advance upon Corinth Battery C was busily 
engaged, and was afterwards active in the pursuit of 
the rebel army, formed a part of the rear-guard of 
Buell's army on the march to Kentucky, and at 
Louisville was assigned to the Fourteenth army 
corps. At Perryville Battery C was held in reserve 
near Buell's headquarters. 

In October, 1862, the battery was transferred to 
the Fourteenth army corps. It was with Carlin's 
brigade in a long march to intercept John Morgan, 
and was engaged with that celebrated rebel in a sharp 
conflict at Rolling Fork, Ky. It fought stubbornly 
in the battle of Chickamauga, under the dauntless 
Thomas, having thirteen men and thirty horses 
killed and wounded, and one gun dismounted, and 
being warmly complimented ijy tlie distinguished 
general just mentioned. 

Mission Ridge saw the battery again in action. 
After the achievement of that great victory it re-en- 
listed and was sent to Ohio on veteran furlough. 
Returning to Chattanooga in March, 1864, it left 
there in May to share in the Atlanta campaign. It 
bore a heroic part in the battles of Resaca, Cassville, 
New Hope Church, Peachtree Creek and the seige of 
Atlanta; losing twenty men in killed and wounded 
during the campaign. 

The battery accompanied Shernuin un his Savaniiah 
caminiign and also on the march through the Caro- 
linas; during which it was in action at Averyville 
and Bentonville. Thenceforth it saw no more active 
service, and, after appearing in the grand review at 
Washington, it was mustered out at Cleveland on tJie 
15th of June, 1865. 

BATTERY D. 

Battery D was mustered into the service in Septem- 
ber, 1861, with one hundred and fifty men, of whom 
sixty-nine were from Cuyahoga county. On the 1st 
of November it left Camp Dennison and reported to 
General Nelson in Kentucky, and was engaged short- 
ly afterwards in a sharp skirmish at Joy mountain, 
Ky. After marciiing through Alal)ama, Tennessee, 
Mississippi and Kentucky without being in action, 
it fought at .Mumfordsville in September, 1862, when 
all its men and guns were captured. The men were 
l)aroled and returned to Camj) Chase, and, upon be- 
ing exchanged in .January, 1803, proceeded as a reor- 
ganized and well equipped battery to Kentuckv. It 



176 



GENEEAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



was represented by an important detachment in a suc- 
cessful raid through East Tennessee: participated, in 
July, 1863, in the capture of Cumberland Gap, and 
took an active and gallant part in the celebrated de- 
fense of Knoxville. After this the battery re-enlisted. 
It marched with Sherman upon Atlanta ; did excel- 
lent service at the battles of Franklin and Xashville, 
and was eventually mustered out at Cleveland on the 
15th of July, 186.5. 

BATTERY F. 

This organization was mustered in August 23, 1861, 
and in December joined the old Third division in 
Kentucky. Subsequently it followed General 0. M. 
Mitchell through Kentucky, Tennessee and Alabama, 
and was in General Sill's division during the pursuit 
of Bragg. On the 16tli of November, 1862, it fought 
a brisk artillery duel with the First Louisiana Bat- 
tei'y at Lavergue, Tennessee, in which it was com- 
pletely victorious, and on the 37th of December as- 
sisted in driving the rebels beyond Triune. It dis- 
tinguished itself at Stone River; silencing a Texas 
battery and repulsing repeated charges of infantry 
and cavalry on the 30th of December. The next day, 
however, it was completely overwhelmed, aud all its 
guns and twenty-five of its men were captured, be- 
sides twent}--three men killed and wounded. Being 
refurnished with guns, it took part in the battles of 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge and Nashville; being es- 
pecially distinguished for its gallantry in the great 
victory last mentioned. It was mustered out on the 
10th of July, 186.5. 

BATTERY G. 

Battery G was emphatically a Cuyahoga-county 
institution, having, including recruits, no less than 
a hundred and sixty-four men from that county in its 
ranks. It was mustered in at Camp Denuison in 
December, 1861. On the 10th of February, 1862, it 
marched to .Jeiiersonville, Indiana, and on the 11th 
of March was ordered to join the Fifth division. 
On the 7th of April it entered the battle of Pittsburg 
Landing, and was engaged the entire day; being the 
only volunteer battery of Buell's army in that action. 
It also served with Crittenden's division throughout 
the siege of Corinth. After many long marches through 
Alabama and Tennessee, during the summer and 
autumn of 1862, it took part in the battle of Stone 
River at the end of the year, but was not in the 
hottest part of the fight. It was actively employed 
in skirmishing at Murfreesboro and on the march to 
Tullahoma, covered the rear in the retirement from 
Dug Gap, and was almost continuously under tire 
from the battle of Chickamauga until after the fight 
at Mission Ridge. 

On the 2d of December, 1863, it set out for Xash- 
ville, where seventy-six out of ninety-six men re- 
enlisted; being mustered as a veteran battery on the 
4th of January, 1861. 

After being stationed at Nashville during the 
spring and summer of 1864, it was engaged in several 



sharp fights in August, while pursuing Wheeler's 
cavalry, which was driven across the Tennessee river. 
The battery also checked Hood's advance into Frank- 
lin on the 30th of November; losing on that occasion 
twenty-three men in killed and wounded. From 
December 2d to December 14th it was daily engaged 
with the enemy at Nashville; taking an active part on 
the latter day in the general engagement between 
Generals Thomas and Hood. It also fought at Ru- 
therford creek during Hood's retreat. During the 
winter it was stationed at HuntsviJle, Alabama. 

In March, 1865, it moved with the Fourth corps 
into Tennessee and North Carolina; returning to 
Nashville in April. In June it accompanied the 
same corps to New Orleans; returning in August, 
1865, to Ohio, aud being mustered out at Camp Chase 
on the 1st of September, 1865. 

BATTERY K. 

Battery K left Camp Denuison in February, 1862, 
joined Gen, Sehenck in Maryland and moved with 
him into Virginia; fighting its first battle at Mc- 
Dowell and its second at Port Republic, It after- 
wards moved through the Shenandoah valley with 
Fremont, and fought under Pope at Cedar Mountain 
and in other less important conflicts. It took part in 
a sharp engagement at Lairy'sFord; having sixteen 
men killed and wounded, and thirty horses killed. 
It was also engaged under Pope in the second battle 
of Bull Run. 

The next year Battery K wcu much honor at 
Chancellorsville and Gettysburg; losing on the latter 
field thirty-two men in killed and wounded. In 
October following, the battery accompanied the 
Twentieth corps under Gen. Hooker to Chattanooga, 
and was engaged in the night fight in Wauhatchie 
valley, near that place. It closed its fighting career 
at Lookout Mountain and Mission Ridge. It was 
afterwards stationed in Northern Alabama until July, 
1865, when it was sent north, and on the 17tli of that 
month was mustered out at Camp Denuison. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COIXTY. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

James Baruett. enr. as Colonel April 20, 1861. Mustered out at expiration 

of term of service Oct. 20, 18&4. 
William H. Hayward, enr. as Lieut. Col. Xov 25, 1861. Resigned April 

1, 186:3. 
Walker E. Lawrence, enr, as Major Sept. 12, 1861. Promoted to Lieut. 

Col. March 8, 18i>4. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., Nov. 26, 1864. 
Warren P. Edgarton, enr. as Capt. Aug. 23, 1861. Prom, to Major March 

25, 1864. Res. July 9, 1863. 
Wilbur F. Goodspeed, enr, as 1st. Lieut. Battery A, Aug. 9, 1861. Prom. 

to Capt. June 9, 1.862, and to Major Get. 20, 1864. Mustered out with 

the Battery Aug. 10. ISiH. 
Charles E. .-Vmes. enr. as Asst. Surg. July 44, 1862. Mustered out with 

the Regiment, 

NOS-COMMISSIO.VED STAFF. 

James M, Watson, enr. as Q, M, Sergt. Aug, 23. 1861, Disch, for disabil- 
ity April 22, 186.3, 

Phillip Kreager. enl, Aug. 1, 1862. Prom, to Q, M, Sergt, Mustered out 
June 13. 1865, 

George B, Xewberry, enr. as Corp, Sept. 1, 1861, Prom, to Sergt, and to 
Q, M, Sergt, June 13, 1866. Mustered out with the Battery July 15, 
1865. 

John McCauley. enl, Nov, 16, 1861, Prom, to Q. M, Sergt, June 13, 1865. 
Clustered out with the Battery, 



FIRST IJGHT ARTILLERY. ETC. 



nr 



Wilbur F. Goodspeeil. (See Field and Staff.) 

Charles W. Scoville, enl, Sept. i, ]8fil. Promoted to 3nd Lient. .\iiril 17. 
ISU3; to 1st Lieut. June 9, 18(i2, and to C'apt. Dec. 1. I«ill. Mustered 
out with the Co. 
Sanuiel W. Treat. Transf. from Battery O. Prom, to Ist Lieut. Mus- 
tered out July .11. IHiB. 

.\Ibert Reigler, enl. as Sergt. Batt. E. Aug. li'l, l.sui. Prom, lo-.'nd Lieut. 

Batt. .\. May 10, I.'*(14. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles Cani]il)ell. enl. .\ug. 31. 18(!1. Mustered out July 31. lutB. 

Joseph W. Olllson. enl. Aug. 10. iSiil. P omoted to Corp. Oct. 10. 1HH3. 
and to Sergt. Sept. 2.5, 18tH. Mustered out July 31. 18(i.i. 

Charles Goodsell. enl. Feb. 2.i. 18(H. Mustered out July 31, 180.5. 

John Jteyer, enl. Aug. 81. l.>ilil. Mustered out July 31, 1805. 

Hazen J. Corlis, enl. JuneSa, 1803. Killed at Spring Hill, Tenn , Nov 
29, 1861. 

Cyrus Cummiugs, enl. Feb. 39, 1864. Died in Hosp. at Chattanooga. 
Jan. 39, 1805. 

James J . Davis, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Died at Nashville July 17, 1804. 

George D Fisher, enl. Dec. 18, 1803 Died in Hosp at Chattanooga, 
Nov. 4. 1804. 

Ezra S. Honeywell, enl. Feb. 27, 18)14. Died in Hosp. at Nashville, April 
4, 1804 

James T. McKee, enl June 5. 1S63. Died Dec 32. 18(i3, from wound re- 
ceived at Chickamauga 

Silas E Stough. enl. Feb, 37. 1804. Pied in Hosp at .Vashville. April 
4, isii4. 

Alonzo Wolf, enl. Feb. 27, 18«. Died in Hosp. at :\Iarietta, July 19, 
1.804 

Walter H Barrows, enl. Dec 18, 1863. Mustered out July 31, 1865. 

Leverett C. Brush, enl. .\ug. 9, 1861. Captured at Stone River Dec. 31, 
1803. Was exchanged and rejoined the Battery. Prom, to Corp. Aug, 
13, 1S(;3; and to Sergt. Sept. 13. iww. Mustered out July 31. 1805. 

Joshua Holloway, enl. Dec. 35, 1863. Clustered out July 31, 1863. 

Andrew L. Kibbe, enl. Feb. 1.5, 1864. Mustered out July 31. 1HU5. 

George Wass. enl. Aug. 20, 1863. Taken prisoner Sept. 15, 1802. Paroled 
and discharged 18(>J. 

Frederick W. Wirth, enl. Sept. 33. 1801 . Promoted to Sergt. Oct. 4, 1.801 . 
ilustered out Sept. 25, 18fhl. 

Henry G. Bradley, enl. Feb. 13, 1864 JIustered out July 31, 1863. 

Varnum R. Grey. enl. .\ug. 0, 1863. Mustered out July 31, 1805. 

George B. Hewiit. enl. Aug. 4. 1862, Promoted to Sergt. March 10, 1803. 
Mustered out July 31. 1S65. 

Oziasr. Smith, enl. Feb. 33, 1864. Mustered out Aug. 10, 1805. 

Harmon M. Rinear. enl. Aug. 21, 1861. Disch. for disability June 16, 1863, 

Sherman J. .Vllen. enl. Aug. li, 1863. Taken prisoner Sejit. 13, 1862. Re- 
joined the Battery, and was mustered out July 31, 1865. 

Frederick H. Adams, enl. .\ug, S. 1862. Captured Sept. 13. 1802. Re- 
joined the Battery, and was disch. July 31, 1865. 

.Fames \. Barr. enl. Aug. 20, 1861. Promoted to Corp, Sept. 35, 18IU, 
Mustered out July 31, 18ti5, 

,T. H, D. Barr, enl. Aug. 30, 1801 . Mustered out July 31, 1805. 

Henry T. Barr. enl. Aug. «, 1803. Captured at Stone River Dec. 31, 1802. 
Rejoined the Battery after exchange. Mustered out July 31, 1865. 

Charles A. Billings, enl. .\ug. IS. 1861 Promoted to Corp. Sept. 25,1864. 
JIustered out July 31, 18i«. 

Cumfort E. Chaffee, enl. Sept. 35, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 4. 1801. 
Mustered out Sept. 34, 18tH. 

Henry Perry, enl. Aug. 8, 1803. Mustered out July 31, 1865. 

Francis Brown, enl. .\ug. 6. IH02. Captured Sept. 15, 1862. Paroled and 
disch. for disabdity June 24, 186:1. 

Henry E Brown, enl. Dec. 31, 1803. Mustered out July 31, 1865. 

Nathan K. Holcomb, enl. Sept. 23. 1861. Mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. 

P. W. Holcomb. enl. Sept. 25, 1861, Mustered out Sept. 24, 1864. 

Ira Van Ornum. enl. Dec. 15. 1803. Disch. for disability May 10, 1865, 

Thomas Jackson, enl. Feb. 37, 1864 Mustered out July 31, 1805, 

BATTERY B, 

William E, Standart, enr. as Capt, Aug. 10, 1861. Resigned Oct, 31, 1863. 
.lohn A, Bennett, enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug. 10, 1861. Promoted to Captain 

Battery I Sept, 10, 1863, Resigned Nov. 17. 1862. 
Norman A. Baldwin, enr, as id Lieut. .\ug, 18, 1861 , Promoted to Ist 

Lieut, Sept. 10, I8ia; anil to Capt, Dec. 16. 1863, Mustered out with 

the Battery, July 23. 18ia. 
George D, Eldridge, err, as Q. M. Sergt, Oct 1. isoi. Promoted to 2d 

Lieut, .Ian, 31, 18<V3. Died at Nashville, Jlarch 34, 18413 
Thomas .1, Thompson, enr. as 1st fergt. Aug, 15. 1861. 
.lohn J. Kelly, enr. as Sergt. Aug, 10, 1861 Promoted to 3d Lieut, Sept. 

10, 1H02, Resigned March 14, 1803, 

David H. Thrcup, enr, as Sergt. .Vug. 10. 1861. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. 
June 4. 1863. JIustered out ivith the Battery. 

Joseph G. Lankaster, enr. as Coip. Sept. 5, 1801 Promoted to 3d Lieut. 
Feb. 35. 1.864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

John H. Blair, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 10, 1861. .Mustered out with the Bat- 
tery. 

Henry Moats, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 10, 1861. Promoted to 1st Sergt. March 

11, 186."). .Mustered out with the Battery. 



Lewis Fahrion, enl. Sept. 5, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Nov. 8, 1864. Mus- 
tered out with the Battery. 

Gerhardt Schiuidt, enr. as Corp. Sept. 5, 18 il. Promoted to Sergt. 
.Maich 11, 1.805, Mustered out with the Battery, 

Nicholas Schroh, enl. Oct, 1, 1861, Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 
with the Battery, 

Julm Snyder, enl. Sept, 3, 1801, Promoted to Corp, Mvistered out with 
the Battery, 

Jacob Bluim. enl. Sept. 5. 1801. Mustered out with the Battery, 

George Schmehl, enl , Aug. 10, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery July 
22, 18<i3. 

Edwin Chest-r, enl. Aug. 13. 1.862, Mustered out June 10. 1805, 

Francis Carter, enl. Sept, 3, 1801, Mustered out with the Battery. 

Orlando P. Cutter, enl. Sept. 3. 1801. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Thomas Dodd. enl. Jan. 27. 1804. Mustered out with the Battery. 

diaries E. Fowler, enl. Sept. 5. 1801. Mustered out with the Battery. 

John Grant, enl. Sept. 5, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 

John McKinty. enl. Sept, 5. 1801. Mastered out with the Battery, 

Henry McCowen, enl. Sept. 5, 18)il .Mustered out with the Battery. 

Peter Manning, enl. Sept. 5, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 

William Newcomb. enl. Sept. 5. 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 

George W. .\very. enl.;Sept, 5. 1861, Mustered out with the Battery. 

Royal E, Pease, enl. Sept, 5. 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 

James A . Roshorough. enl. Sept. 3. 1861. .Mustered out with Battery 

Albert Burton, enl. Sept, 24. 1863, Mustered out with the Battery, 

Frank Bauer, enl. Oct. 15, I,S63. Mustered out with the Battery. 

.\lbert C. Kain. enl. Feb. 33 1864, Mustered out with the Battery, 

George Campbell, enl, Feb. 30. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Albert B, Conkey, enl. Feb. 23, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

WiHiam Curry, enl. Feb. 15. 1804. JIustered out with the Battery. 

William Cardie, enl. Feb. 1, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

John Francis, enl. Feb. 17. 1S64. Mustered out with the Battery. 

ThomasGaffey, enl. Feb. 1, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Charles Heller, enl. Sept. 34, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Joseph Jabott. enl. Feb 3 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Nicholas Kaufman, enl. Jan. 26. 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Richard Jliller, enl. Oct. 15. 1863. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Henry Jleyers, enl, Jan 15, 1861. JIustered out with the Battery, 

JIatthias I'faff. enl. Feb, .5, 1864, JIustered out with the Battery. 

Peter Wilson, enl Feb, 1. 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Frederick Flick, enl June 13, 1863. JIustered out with the Battery. 

.\lexander .Manary, enl. July 15. 1803. JIustery out with the Battery. 

Thomas JIarks enl. July 13. 1803. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Dennis Troy, enl. July 15. 1.863. Mustered out with the Battery. 

William JI. Camp, enr. as Sergt. .\ug. 10. 1801. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 
Jan 4, 1,864. and.to 3d Lieut. Battery D JIarch 11. 180.5. 

William T. Quilliams. enr. as Corp. Sept. 5, 1801 . Promoted to Sergt. 
Transf. to Battery K April 6. 1804. JIustered out Sept. 15, 1864. 

George W. Payson, enl. Sept. 5. 1861. Promoted to Sergt . JIustered out 
Nov. 7, 1864. 

Alonzo B. .-Vdams. enr as Corp. Sept. ,">, 1861, Promoted to Sergt, JIus- 
tered out Nov, 7. 1864, 

John Q. Adams, enl. Sept. .5, 1801, Promoted to Corp, Transf. to Bat- 
tery K April 6. 1.864. JIustered out Sept. 15. 18(>4. 

Frank G. Rechley, enl. Sept. 5, 1.861. Promoted to Corp. fiisch. ,lune 8, 
1863. 

Joseph .\xford. enl. Sept. 5. 1801. Transf. to Battery K April 0, 18(14. 
JIu-tered out Sept. 15, 1864. 

Robert S. .\very, enl. Aug. 11. 1802. JIustered out .lune 16. 1,'^03. 

Charles Abbott, enl. .Aug. 13, 1862. JIustered out June 16, 186.3. 

William .Vbbott. enl. .\ug. 13. 1862. JIustered out .Ume 10. I.s05. 

Thomas K. Bayard, enl. Sept. 3. 1N61 . Transf. to Battery K April 6. 1864. 
JIustered out Sept. 15, 18(H. 

Charles H, Bull, enl. Sept, .5. 1861. Transf. to Battery K April 0, 18(.4. 
JIustered out Sept. 15, 1864, 

Samuel B. Cole, enl Sejit, .3. 1801, Transf to Battery K .\pril 6. 1864, 
JIustered out Sept. 15, 1864. 

Reason B. Case. enl. July 15, 1863 Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps April 
22. 1864 

Frank Dietrich, enl, .\ug. 18, 1803. JIustered out June 16, 1865. 

Joseph A, Day, enl, Sept. 5, 1861. Mustered out Nov, 7, 1864. 

Albert Fahrion, enl. Oct. 15. 1S6;J. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps April -32. 
1864. JIustered out July 30, 18G5. 

William Freeman, enl. .\ug. 9. 1802 JIustered out June 16. 1865. 

Fayette Green, enl. Oct 17, 1863. Disch. 

William Grant, enl. Aug. 4. 1862. JIustered out June 16, 1865. 

Charles G. Guilford, enl. Aug. II, 1862. JIustered out June 16, 1863. 

Frank Ha.stings, enl. Feb 24. 1864. Disch. May 18. 1863. 

Charles L. Harden, enl. Aug, 13, 1863. JIustered out June 16, I8«5, 

James Haihuway. enl. .\ug. 11, 1862, JIustered out June 16, 1865, 

Patrick Kelley, enl, Aug ;i, 1802 JIustered out June 10, 1863, 

Conrad Koch, enl, .\ug II, 1862, JIustered oat June 16. 1865. 

Alonzo D. Lee, enl Sept. 5, 1861. Transf. to Battery K April 6, 1864. 
JIustered out Sept. 15, 1864, 

Henry Long. enl. .\ug. 0, 1863. Mustered out June 16. 1865. 

Ira H. JIatthews. enl. Feb, 34. 1804. Disch. May 13. 1865. 

Henry JIace. enl. July 36, 1863. Transf, to Vet. Res. Corps Feb. 27, 1861. 



23 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



George Xagle, enl. Aug. 11, 186'3. Died in Hosp. at Bridgeport, Ala., Oct. 

8, 18W. 
Charles B. Raedler, enl. Aug. 14. 1862. Mustered out June Hi, ISCo. 
Lester J. Richmond, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Mustered out June 16, 1805. 
Erastus H. Strop, enl. Sept. .5, 1861. Transf. to Battery K April 6, 1864. 

JIustered out Sept. 15, 1864. 
Levi L. Sawtell, enl. Aug. 3. 1862. Died at Nashville Feb. 24, 1864. 
Charles L. Smith, enl. Feb. 24, 1864. Died in Hosp. at Bridgeport, Ala., 

May 21. 1864. 
Cyrus B, Valentine, enl. Oct. 11, 1861, Transf. to Battery K April 6, 1864. 

Mustered out Jan, 16, 1865. 
James P. Willson. Died of fever in service. 
William Broa, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Mustered out June 16, 1865. 
John French, enl. Aug. 12. 1862. .Mustered out June 16, 1865. 
William C. Howe. enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. 
Bradford Teachout. enl .Aug. 4. I.-*i;2, Diseh Feb. S. I8ij4. 
Lyman B Richmond, enl. Sept .5. 1">61 Promoted to Corp. Mustered 

out nith the Battery July 22, I8()5- 
George Reading, enl. Sept 5, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery . 
Cassius C. McUrath, enl. Sept. 5, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery 

July 22, 1865. 
Silas A. Gardner, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Disch May 1-3, 181)5. 
Dwight N. Hamlin, enl. Sept. 5, l.>i61 . Piomoted to Corp. Mustered 

out with the Battery July 22. 1865 
George Walters, enl. Sept, .5, 1861 Mustered out with the Battery July 

22, 1865. 
Orlando D. Cole. enl. Aug 11, 1862. Died at Nashville, .March 8, 1.864. 
Robert Graham, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out June 16, 1865. 
Thomas J. Holcomb. enl. Aug. 11. 1862. Mustered out June 16, 1,865. 

BiTTERY C 

James Storer, enr as Bugler Oct. 7,1861. Prom to 2nd Lieut Battery 

C, Jan. 26, 1.8ii4. JIustered out with the Battery 
Johu S. Carmiehael, enl, Aug. 29, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery 

June 1,5, 1865. 
Thomas L. Allen, enl. Feb. 86, 1854. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles C. Ciary, enl. Feb. 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
.\lbert D. Crary. enl. Feb. 1-3, 1864. Mustered out with the Hattery. 
James Cunningham, enl. Oct. 8, 1868. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Fayette Dickens, enl. Jan 25, 1864. Musteredout with the Battery. 
William Farley, enl. Dec. 28, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Samuel W. Gren, enl. .\ug. 30, 1'64. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Daniel Hill, enl. Dec. .30, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George WHcoa, enl. Feb. 11. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery- 
Andrew C. Johnson, enl. Aug, 22, 1862. JIustered out with the Battery. 
Jesse Long. enl. Jan. 13, 1864. Mustered out with tbe Battery. 
George Mallory, enl. Dec. 8, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery 
Thomas McCarty, enl. Oct. 9, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery 
John Mitchell, enl. Dec. 18. 1863. Mustered out July 28, 186.5. 
Fred. H. Morse,enI. Feb. 1.5, 18IM. JIustered out with the Battery. 
John H. Jlorse. enl. Feb. 15. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
WiUiam Mitchell, enl. Feb. 10, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 
Clay Robinson, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 
Daniel Sweet, enl. Oct. 9. 1863. JIustered out with the Battery. 
George Sawyer enl. Dec. .30, 1868. JIustered out with the Battery, 
Jonathan Stafford, enl. Nov. 28, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Howard W. Stowe. enl. Feb. 19, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 
Norman H. Stalker, enl. Feb. 8, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 
Alexander Thomas, enl. Dec. 11, 1863. JIustered out with the Battery. 
Allen Winterstein, enl. Dee. 28, 1868. JIustered out June 17, 1865 
Henry Gilbert, enl. Feb. 18, 1864. Killed in action at Cassville. Ga., Mav 

18, 1864. 

Harvey Brown, enl. Dec. 18, 1.S63. Died at Jeflersouville, Ind., July 23, 

1864. 
Charles Coffin, enl. Feb. 12, 1863. Died at JIarietta, Ga., July 18, 1864. 
Harmon Haywood, enl. Feb. 18, 1864. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., 

April 1, 1864. 
Charles E. Hemmingway, enl. Feb. 18. 1S64. Died at Chattanooga, Sept. 

19, 1864. 

Daniel JIcLaughlin. enl. Feb. 15, 1864. Died at Nashville, Tenn., April 

4, 1864. 
Stephen J. Parsons, enl. Feb. 4, 1864. Died at Bridgeport, Ala., April 

15, 1864. 
William H. Saunders, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Died at Nashville. Feb. 27, 1864. 
Ransom Storm, enl. Dec. 7, 1863. Died at Jefferson, Ind., Sept. 22, 1864, 
Oscar Troop, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Died at Nashville, April 14, 1864. 
Zacuariah Blood, enl. Jan. 25. 18W. Disch. 
Silas JIallory, enl. Jan. 2. 18M. Disch. Jlay 25, 1864. 
JIartin Palmer, enl. April 15, 1864. Wounded Jlay 28, 1864. 

BATTERY D 

Lemuel R. Porter, enr. as 1st Lieut. Sept. 1. 1861. Resigned July 13. 186.8. 
Henry C. Lloyd, enr. as 2nd Lieut Sept. 1, 1861. Promoted to Capt. 

Battery E, 1st Tenn. Light .\rt. Oct. 3, 1868. 
Albert Edwards, enr. as Corp. Batt. G. Nov. 30, 1.8(;i. Prom, to 1st Sergt. 

to 2nd Lieut. Batt. K April 8, 18tV4. to 1st Lieut. Batt. D May 15, 1.S65. 

JIustered out July 15, 1865. 



Nathaniel JI. Newell, enr. as 1st Sergt. Sept. 1, 1861. Promoted to 2nd 
Lieut. Jan. 1, 1862. Transf. to Batt, G. 

Henry L. Vincent, enl. Batt. E. JIade 1st Lieut. Batt. D. Disch. Dec. 
21, 1864. 

Jloses Y. Ransom, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 5, 1861. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. 
July 13, 1862. Resigned April 15, 1864. 

William Jl. Camp, enr. as Sergt. Batt. B Aug. 10, 1861. Prom, to 1st 
Sergt. Jan. 4, 1864, and to 2nd Lieut. Batt. D March 11, 1865. Mus- 
tered out .July 15, 1865. 

George B. Newberry. (See Non-Com. Staff.) 

Cornelius Lineham, enr. as Corp. Sept. 9, 1861. Promoted to 1st Sergt. 
JIustered out with the Battery. 

JIartin I. Bender, enr. as Corp. Sept. 9, 1861. 

Wari-an H. Goss, enl. Sept. 9. 1861. 

Jlilford N. Newell, enl. Sept. 5. 1.861. 

George H. Brown, enl. Sept. 10, 1861. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Edward Crane, enl. Sept. 8, 1861. Disch. for disability Jan. 23, 1865. 

Newman Koch, enl. .Sept. 6, 1861. 

William Killop, enl. Sept. 15. 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 

James JIackey, enl. Sept. 12, 18iil. JIustered out with the Battei-y. 

Christian Owen, enl. Sept. 10, 1861. JIustered out Oct. 27, 1864. 

Edward T. Pritchard. enl. .Aug. 6, 1861. 

JIartin Seftling, enl. .Aug. 8, 1861. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Richard Blood, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

John Coughlin, enl. Feb. 24. 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Henry Curtiss, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. JIustered out with ihe Battery. 

George W. Demaline. enl. Feb. 29, 1.864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

George W. Dye, enl. Feb. 25, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery 

Jlichael Farrell, enl. Feb. 4, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery 

James R. Grifflth. enl. Dec, 27, 1868. Disch. July 7. l.«65. 

Edwin Hoyt, enl. Feb. 26, 1864 JIustered out with the Battery. 

Casper A. Hendershott, enl. Jlarch. 7, 18li4. Mustered out with Battery. 

Philip Lovell, enl Feb. 26, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

George W. JIarkle, enl. Feb. 12. 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

William P. Jlori-ison, enl. Feb. 27, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Levi D. Post, enl. Aug. 85, 1862. Disch. May 31, 1865. 

Henry L. Phillips, enl. Feb. 25, 1864. Mtisteied out with the Batteiy. 

Frank Jl. Root, enl. Feb. 27, 1854. JIustered out with the Battery. 

X, H. Richardson, enl. .Aug. 11, 1862. Left in Hosp. at Raleigh, Jlarch 
6. 1865. 

Fred. U. Spink, enl. Jan, 11, 1864. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Watson D. Savage, enl. Feb. 27. 1864. JIustered out with the Batterv. 

Jlyion Silsby. enl. Jlarch 7. 186J. JIustered out with the Battery. 

Frederick Ellsler. enl. Feb. 27, l.'^64. JIustered out with the Battery. 
.Andrew A. Poe, enl. .Aug. 15, 1862. Promoted to Corp. June 15, 1864. 

Killed in action June 17, 1864. 
Seneca Blood, enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Died at Knoxville, Tenn., Jlay 10, 1864. 
Edwin Bell, enl. Jlarch 7, 1864. Died at Alexandria, Va., Feb. 18. 1865. 
Thomas B. Holness. enl. Aug. 17, 1862. Died in Hosp. at Greensboro, N. 

C.. Jlay 2;i, 1865. 
John Shellhorn. enl. Feb. 20. 1664. Died at Atlanta, Ga., July 29, 1864. 
James .--outhwood, enl. Aug. 21, 1862. Died at Atlanta, Ga., Oct. 10. ISfA. 
David R. Watson, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Disch. June 

10. 1865. 
Fulton Waite. enl. .Aug. 10, 1862. Prom to Corp. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
John F. .Adams, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Disch. June 10. 1865. 
William Boyd, Jr., enl. .Aug. 12, 1862. Disch. June 10, 18i». 
James H. Bateuian, enl. -Aug. 7. 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Peter Cavener, enl. Jan. 2. 1862. JIustered out Jan. 2, 1865. 
William Cumberworth. enl. .Aug. IS, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Jacob M. Demas, enl. .\ug. 29, 1864. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Nelson Holcomb, enl. Feb. 26, 1864. Disch. May 12, 1865. 
Burton J. Hoadly, enl. .Vug. 15, 1862.. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
George A. James, enl. Aug. 13, 1868. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
John G. King. enl. .Aug. 18, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Chester King. enl. .Vug. 18, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865, 
George Lovell. enl. Aug. 14. 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Julius D. JIai shall, enl. Feb. 26, 1864. Disch. for disabiUtT .Vug. 20, 1.S64. 
Daniel Jlooney, enl. Jan. 2, 1862. JIustered out Jan. 2, 18(>5. 
Frederick Jloe, enl. Aug. 5. 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
James Sangster, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Sylvester Silsby, enl. Aug. 29, 1863. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Albert Smith, enl. -Aug. 9, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Charles Stearns, enl. -Vug. 16, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Henry Steward, enl. -Vug. 17, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Daniel .V. Tompkins, enl. Sept. 1, 1864. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Luke Csher, enl. -Vug. 18, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
James W. Whitney, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Disch. June 10, 1865. 
Trueman C. Gaylord enl. Feb. 29, 1864. Trans, to Vet. Res Corps Oct. 
4, 1861. JIustered out Aug. 5, 1865. 

BATTERY E. 

Warren P. Edgarton. (See Field and Staff.) 

.Vndrew Berwick, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Aug. iS, 1861. Transf. to Batt. K, 
.Vlbert Reigler, enr. as Sergt. -Vug. 2.8. 1,861. Prom, to Batt. A. 
Henry G. Vincent, enr. as 1st Sergt. -Vug. 33, 1861. Promoted to 2nd 
Lieut. Jan. 25, isiij. Sent to Batt. D. 



FIRST LIGHT AimLLERY, lOTC. 



179 



William Kiilton, enl. Sept. Sfi, I8I11. Mustered out Sept. 2B, ISM. 
William H. Laughlin. enl. Aug. 23, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 1, ISM, 
Richard McKeeii, enl. Aug, 23, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 1, ISM. 
Jacob Westerman, enl. .\ug. 33, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 1, 1S64. 
Philander B. Gardner, enl. Aug. 6, 1863. Promoted to Sergt Sept. 1, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Battery .July 10, 1S(» 
.Tr>hn M. Hixon. enl July 3, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 1, 1804. 5Ius- 

tered«^ut with the Battery. 
Cyras P. McKenzie, enl. .\uk, 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Valentine H, Ault, enl. Aug. 13. 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John E. Burrell, enl. Dec. 7, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Wellington F. Brown, enl. Aug. 39, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Carman, enl. Aug. 33, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William O. Davis, enl. Aug. '.I, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery 
Jerome Desmyers. enl. Dec. 3, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
OUverS. Emersin, enl. Oct. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Abram Fowle •, enl. Oct. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the Batteiy. 
Joseph Hoover, enl. July 36. 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Hart, enl. Dec. 4. 1,863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
David James, enl. Oct. 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Truman D. Miller, enl. Oct. 13, 1864. Mustered i>ut with the Battery. 
George W. Mason, enl. Jan. 9, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Stephen M. Parrish, enl. Oct. 14, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Robert Rockwood, enl. Jan. 6, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas Strind, enl. Oct. 14, 18W. Mustered out with the Battery. 
David Shaffer, enl. July 30, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John S. Slocum, enl. Aug. 311, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Yaraaus. enl. Aug. 39. 1S64. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Georg,? Bond, enl. Nov. .i, 1861. Mustered out Nov. 5. 1.864. 
Nathaniel Furness, enl. Aug. 9, 1868. Disch. for disabiUty March 4, 1863. 
Rufus H. Law, enl. Oct. 4. 186 J. Disch. for disability Jan. 18. 186.3. 
Joshua W. Dewey, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 3:), 18in. Mustered out Sept. 1, 1864. 
Philo French, enr. as Corp. Aug. 33, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 1, 1864. 
John W. Luce, enr. as Corp. Aug. 33, ISil Disch. tor disability Jan. 35, 

1864. 
Francis J. Root. enr. as Corp. Aug. 33, 1,861. Disch. for disability June 

18, 1863. 

Elijah 51. Strong, enr. as Corp. Aug. •2:i, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. May 

16, ISM, Mustered out Sept. 1, 1864. 
Nathan B. Harrington, enl. Aug. •«. 1861. Mustered out Sept. 1, 18M. 
Thomas S. Berwick, enl. Oct. r, 1861. Died at Athens, Ala.. May 10, 1863. 
Alfred W. Chapman, enl. Aug. 33, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Sept. 1, 1864. 

Clustered out with the Battery July 10. 18ii3. 
George F. Carman, enl. Aug. 93, 1,861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Francis M. r rost, enl. Sept. 36, Isiii. Piomoted to Corp. Sept. 1, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Battery. 
Francis .Jeffrey, enl. Aug. 3.3, isci. Promoted to Corp. Oct. 21, 1863. 

Disch. for disability Slay 27. 1S64. 
George B. James, enl. Aug 33. 1861 Mustered out Sept. 1. 1864. 
Charles E. Frost, enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Died at Nashville, Tenn.. Feb 17. 

1S63. 
Patrick Nugent, enl Aug. 2.3, 1861. Disch. for disability Nov. 6. 1863. 
Anton Seavers. enl. Aug. 23. 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Joseph Savoy, enl. Aug, 23, 1861. Mustered out May 28, 18i«. on account 

of wounds received at Stone River Dec 31, 1862 
Walter West, enl. Aug. 33, 1881 Jlustei-ed out Sep. 1, 1,864. Re-enlisted 

Oct. 13. 18M. Died at Chattanooga. Tenn., March 17, 1863 
.■Plater West el. Aug. -23. 1861 Mustered out with the Battery. 
Henry O. West. enl. Aug. 33. 1861, Promoted to Corp, Oct. 21, 1863. 

Mustered out Sept. 1, 1864. 
Charles Bark, enl, Aug. 9, 1862 Mustered out with the Batterv July 

10, 186.'). 
Edwin B Brown, enl. Aug. 9. 1862. Mustered out with the Battery 
Edmund Clallin, enl. Aug. 9, I8B3. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Dec. 29, 

1862. 
Ashbel W Coates, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
( harles Furness, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Disch. for disability Jan. 17, ISO:). 
William S. Simpson, enl. Oct. 7, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 7, 18M 
James Storer. enr aa Bugler Oct 7, 1861. Prom, to Bitt. C. 
Kellum Smith, enl. Aug. 1, lS(i2 Disch. April 5, 1.863, on account of 

wounds reed at Stone River Dec. 31. 1803. 
Joseph Lowrey, enl. Aug. 11, 186'. Mustered out with the Battery 

July 10, 186.'). 

BATTERY F 

Joseph Bound, enl, Dec. 39, 1H63. Mustered out with the Battery. July 

29, 1H6.-). 
George Hall, enl. Dec. 33. 18!i3. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Lafayette Joiner, enl. Jan. 4, 1884. Died in Hosp. at Nashville. June .30, 

1864. 
James Lloyd, enl. Dec. 28. 1863. Transf. to Battery G. Wounded Dec. 

19, 1864 Died at Columbia, Tenn., Jan. 13, ISO.") 

Torrence Montague, enl. Dec. 17, 18'il, Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles M. Roof, enl. Dec. 28, 1803. Transf. to Battery G. Mustered 

out Aug. 31, 1865. 
Joseph Speddy, enl. Die. 24. 181)3. Transf. to Battery G. Promoted to 

Corp. Mustered out Aug. 31, 180.'). 
Charies A Stackhouse, enl. Dec. 21. 1ni13 .Mustered out with Batterv. 



BATTERY O. 



Joseph Bartlett, em-, as Capt, Nov. 16, 1861. Resigned Jan. 31, 1863. 
Alexander Marshall, enr. as 1st Lieut. Nov. 12, 1861. Promoted to Capi. 

Feb. 37, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery, Aug. 31, 1865. 
Nathaniel M Newell. Transf. from Battery D; made 1st Lieut. Mus- 
tered out Aug. 31, 1803. 
Frank W. Edgerton, enl. Dec. 10. 1801. Promoted to 2d Lieut. June 4, 

18i;o. .Mustered out with the Battery. 
Samuel W. Treat, em', as Sergt. Dec. 91, 1861. Promoted to 3d Lieut. 

July 14, 18ia. Transf. to Battery A. 
Robert D. Whittlesey, enr. as Sergt. Dec. 17, 18.51. Promoted to 3d Lieut. 

July 9, 1862; and to 1st Lieut. Jan. 21, ISiB. Resigned May 90, IStKi. 
Harmon J. Clarke, enr. as Sergt. Dec. 3, 1861. Mustered out with Batt. 
George W. Bills, enr. as Sergt. Dec. 21, 1861. Promoted to 9d Lieut. Nov. 

96. 1.862; and to 1st Lieut. Aug. -is, 1803. Resigned Jan. 20, 1.S65. 
Dwight J Sheldon, enr. as Sergt. Nov. 26, 18iil. Transf. to Co. M Slarch 

11, 1N64. 
John White, enr. as 1st Sergt. Dec. 1, 1861. 
William F. Sliney. Transf. to Battery I. 
Henry J. Farwell, enr. as Sergt. Nov. 23, 1861. Transf. to Battery M 

March 11, 18M, 
DeWitt G, Rathbun, enr. as Corp. Nov. 13, 1861. 
William Whitehead, enr. as Corp. Nov. 18, 1861. Transf. to Co, 51 March 

11, 18M, 
Albert Edwards, Transf. to Battery D. 
Henry Clague, enr. as Corp. Dec. 12, ISJl. Transf. to Battery JI .March 

II. 1864. 
Benj. C, Martin, enr. as Corp. Nov. 33, 1861. 
Walter H. Davidson, enl. Dec. 23, 1861, 
Robert Mathison, enl. Deo. 30, 1811. Died in Hosp. at New Orleans, .July 

2.), 1865. 
Daniel .\llen. enl, Dec, 4. 1861. Wounded at Spring Hill, Tenn., Nov. 

29, 1,804. Died at Nashville, Dec. 5, 1864. 
Charles Aiken, enl. Dec. 19, 1.S61. 

Peter Anderson, enl, Dec, 5, 18C1. Mustered out with the Battery. 
.John Brogan, enl. Nov. 99, 1881. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Henry H. Barnett. enl. Dec. 5, 1861. 

Martin Brannin, enl. Dec. 14, 1861. Transf. to Battery M March U, 1864. 
Albert Bishop, enl. Dec. 30, IKOl. 
Thomas Burrows, enl. Dec. I, Isoi. 
Jacob Bieher, enl. Dec. 14, 1861. Promoted to Corp Mustered out with 

the Battery. 
Albert N. Beldon, enl, Nov. 18, 1801. 3Iustered out with the Battery. 
Harry Bonner, enl. Nov. 32, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Samuel Brigham, enU Dec. 23, 18)1. Mustered out with the Battery. 
James H. Clinton, enl. Dec. 5, 1861. Promoted to Corporal. Wounded 

Nov. 30, ISr>4. Disch. June 14, 1.863. 
John M. Clinton, enl. Nov. 18, 1861. Transf. to Battery M March 11, mu. 
Henry S. Camp. Promoted to Battery K. 

Henry Cline, enl. Dec. 17, 1861. Transf. to Battery M .5Iarch 11, 1804. 
John Cline, enl. Dec. 25. isoi. Mustered out May 14, 1863. 
George B. Cox, enl. Nov. 18, 1861. 
William S. Carter, enl. Nov. 12, 1K61. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
John Cartwright, enl. Dec. 6, 1861. 

David Camp, enl. Nov. 19, 1861. JIustered out with the Battery. 
James Crandall. enl. Nov. 90, 1861. 
John Doherty, enl. Dec. 17, 1861. Transf. to Vet. Res, Corps March 7, 

1864. 
Riley Dayton, enl. Nov. 30. 1801. 
George Day, enl. Dec. 10, 1861. 
Richard S. Elliott, enl. Nov. 24, 1861. 
John L. A. Fentou, enl. Dec. 25, 1861. 
Alexander H. Griswold, enl. Dec. 5, 1861. Transf, to Battery 51 51arch 

11, 1864. 
James C. Hackney, enl. Dec. 11, 1861. 
Elijah Harrington, enl. Nov. 30. 1801. 

William Harlow, enl Dec. 10, 1801. Transf. to Battery M March 11, 1804. 
Charles Hogeland, enl. Nov. 13, I86I. 
Thomas Hicks enl. Nov. 13, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Transf. to Battery 

51 March II, 1864. 
Sheldon C. Hudson, enl. Dec. 95, 1861. Transf. to Battery M 51arch 1 1, ISM. 
Frank Hunter, enl. Deo. 5, H6I. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Benjamin Hard, enl. Nov. 19, ISiil. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Harvey R. .lones. enl. Dec. 5, 1861. 

David .lohnston, enl. Nov. 36, 1861. ilustered out with the Battery. 
James Kelley, enl. Dec. 2, 1861. Mustei'ed out with the Battery. 
Sidney 51. Kellogg, enl. Dec. 7, 1861 . 
John Lee. enl. Nov. 18, 1801. 
Th'imas Lewis, enl. Dec. id, 1.801. 

John Lilies, enl. Dec. 7. ISiil. Transf. to Battery M JIarch 11, 1864. 
Thomas Moran. eid. Nov. 31, 1861. 
.Seth .5Ianley. enl. Nov. 12, 1801. 
John Muri>hy, enl. Nov. 26, 1801. Promoted to Sergt. 5Iustered out 

with the Batter}'. 
Clarence L. JInrsh, enl. Dec. 5, isoi. 5Iustercd out with the Battery. 



180 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COrXTY. 



John Marshall, enl. Nov. 21, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. June 13, 186.5. 
Mustered out with the Batter.7. 

John McCaule.v. (See Non-commissioned Staff.) 

John McNamara, enl. Dec. 5, 1861. Transf. to Battery 31 March 11. 1864. 

Ansel Minor, enl. Dec. 3. 1861. 

Charles Myers, enl. Nov. 18. 1861. Mustered out n-ith the Baitery. 

Patrick Mackin, enl. Nov. 16, 1861. Transf. to Battery M March 11, 1864. 

Henry Miller, enl. Dec. 33, 1S61. 

Larton Prince, enl. Nov. 29, 1861. 

Albert Pettis, enl. Dec. 10, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 

George Peck, enl. Dec. 5, 1861. 

Wilbur Parmenter. enl. Dec. 3, 1891. 

Mortimer L. Paddock, enl. Nov. 16, 1861. Prom, to Bait. M. 

Niles Reese, enl. Nov. 25, 1861. Transf. to Co. M March 11. 1864. 

Hazen L. Roberts, enl. Dec. 10. 1861. Promote<l to Corp. June 13, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Battery. 

John Radey, enl. Nov. 14, 1861. 

Lewis F. Stacks, enl. Dec 3, 1861. 

William H. Stacks, enl. Dec. 7, 1861. 

Thomas Strong, enl. Nov. 25, 1861. 

Lawson Stearns, enl. Nov. 20, 1861. 

Lewis H. Stone, enl. Nov. 25, 1861. 

Sebastian Sherwood, enl. Nov. 18, 1861. Killed at Franklin. Tenn., Nov. 
30, 1864. 

Charles Smith, enl. Dec. 25, 1861. 

Edwin N. Taft. enl. Nov. 22. 1861. Promoted to Sergt. June 13, 1865. 
Mustered out with the Battery. 

William H. Taft, enl. Nov. 23, 1801. Promoted to Corp. Disch. tor disa- 
bility Feb. 1, 1864. 

Thomas Tracy, enl. Dec. 5, 1861. 

Jonathan D. ■^\"heeler. Dec. 3, 1861. Transf. to Co. M March 11, 1864. 

Samuel S. Wheeler, enl. Nov. 26, 1861. Mustered out July 10, 1865. 

John Wench, enl. Dee. 1", 1881. Transf. to Co. M. March 11, 1864. 

Henry Wiles, enl. Dec. 1", 1861. Transf. to Co. M March 11, 1864. 

Joseph Wade, enl. Dec. 11, 1861. 

Philip Kreager. (See Non-Com. Staff.) 

Alex. M. Chnton, enl. Dee. 38. 1863. Promoted to Corp. Wounded at 
Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 30, 1864. Disch. June 8, 1865. 

Carlos S. Cooley, enl. Feb. 29. 1864. Disch. for disability March 31, 1865. 

Jacob T. Cramer, enl. Feb. 24, 1864. Mustered out May 31, 1865. 

Washington France, enl. Dec. 23, 1863. Disch. May 25. 1864. 

Gustave Keyes enl . Oct. 1. 1864. Mustered out June 13, 1865. 

John Maher. enl. Jlarch 15, 1864. Disch. for disability June 17, 1865. 

Thomas H. Smith, enl. Aug. 15.1862. Mustered out Jnne 13, 1865. 

Addison Stockham. enl. Aug. 15. 1862. Mustered out June 1.3, 1865. 

George M. Stockham. enl. Aug. 15, 1862. Mustered out June 1, 1865. 

George H. Winchell, enl. Aug. 15, 1,862. Wounded at Franklin, Tenn , 
Nov. 30, 1864. Disch. March 16, 1865. 

John B. Wiles, enl. Feb. 25, 1864. Mustered out May 16, 1865. 

George Waddle enl. March 3, 1864. Disch. for disability June 21, 1865. 

William U. Sked, enl. Jan. 1, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Coips Feb. 26, 
1864. 

William Duty, enl. Feb. 39, 1864. Transf. to Vet Res. Corps Sept. 30, 
1864. 

Warren R. Starks, enl. Feb. 25, 1864. Transf. to Vet. Res, Corps. Sept. 
4, 1864. 

Charles A. ^Vlliting, enl. Jan. 1, 1863. Transf. to Co. M. March 11, 1864. 

Orin S. Ca'ifield. enl. Oct. 36, 1863. Died at Nashville July 14. 1864. 

Thomas Munson, enl. Aug. 9, 1864. Died at Nashville March 20, 1863. 

David P. Malcolm, enl. Feb. 36, 1864. Died at Nashville July 10, 1864. 

John McGuire. enl. Oct. 36. 1863. Died at New Orleans July 36, 1865. 

John Proctor, enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Died at Huntsville, Ala., Jan. 12, 1865. 

Roswell Stevens, enl. Feb. 35, 1863. Died at Nashville, May 8, 1864. 

James Kirby, enl. Feb. 34, 1864. Promoted to Corp. June 13, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with tha Battery. 

Frank Case, enl, Feb. 29, 1864. Promoted to Corp, June 13, 18(>5. Mus- 
tered out with the Battery. 

John H. Brown, enl. Jan. 5, 1S'.H. Mustered out with the Battery, 

.^dam Cash, enl. Dec. 30, 1863. Mustered out with the Batterv. 

Norman Cleveland, enl. Jan. 19. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Simon Dallas, enl, Dec. 33. 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Benjamin Fisher, enl. Dec. 8, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 

William Frazier, enl. March 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Arlington P. Hall. enl. Dec. 23, 1864, Mustered out with the Battery, 

Casper Harman, enl. March 1, 1864. JIustered out with the Baitery. 

Edwin Jones, enl. Feb. 22, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

James Keough, enl. May 37. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

John Kelley. enl. Feb. 39. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

John Livingston, enl. March 1, 1884. Mustered out with the Battery. 

William Mitchell, enl. Dec. 17, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 

James Matson. enl. Feb. 39, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Theodare Miller, enl. March 1, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Philip Phiffer, enl. Dec. 2-3, 186:1. 

Johii Phiffer, enl. Dec. .30, 18S3. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Edward H. Pettis, enl. March 7, l8i>4. .Mustered out with the Battery. 

Charles Riddle, enl. Feb, 25. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Pet, r St. George, enl. Jan. 7. 1,^64. Mustered out with the Battery. 



Alfred P. Snodgrass, enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Edwin Searight, enl. Feb. 22. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Lorenzo Stacey, enl. Feb. 33, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas J. Smith, enl. Feb. 35, 1864. Mustered out July 15, 1865. 
William .Stewart, enl. March 24, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Hugh Stewart, enl. March 25, 1.864. Mustered out with the I attery. 
Charles H. Taggart, enl. Dec. 7. 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas E. Wagner, enl. Jan. 5, 18-U. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John F. Miller, enl. Aug. 9. 1862. Mustered out June 13, 1865. 
John Schreiber, enl. Aug 9. 1862. Mustered out June 13, 1865. 
Alonzo C. Waters, enl, Aug. 9. 1862. Mustered out June 13. 1865. 
Patrick Burke, enl. Aug. 14, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Feb. 36. 

1864. Returned to the Batter.v and was mustered out with it. 
James W. House, enl. Aug. 9, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

June 13, 1865. 
Chandler Waters, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

June 13. 1865. 
Charles A. Calhoun, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Mustered out June 13, 1865. 
Luke D. Eddy, enl. Aug. 16, 1862. Mustered out June 13. 1.865. 
Oscar L. Hosmer. enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out June 13, 1865. 
John Litsel, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out June 13, 1865. 

BiTTERT H. 

Thomas H. Bartlett, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Sept. 28, 1861. Promoted to 1st 

Lieut. Co. K. 
Lorenzo D. Whitney, enl. Aug. 37, 1864. Mustered out June 14. 1865. 
Lucien L. Phillips, enl. Nov. 17, 1S61. Mustered out Nov. 17, 1864. 

BATTERY I. 

William F. Sliney. enr. as Sergt. Nov. 12, 1861. Prom, to 3nd Lieut. May 

21, 1863; to 1st Lieut. Battery I. Sept. 14, 1864. Mustered out July 

34, 1865. 
Charles F. Chase, enl. June 7. 1.161, Co. B, 7th Inf. Trans, to Battery I, 

Dec, 5. 18'31. Prom, to 3nd Lieut. Sept. 35, 18i3. Declined a second 

promotion. Mustered out July 34, 1865. 
George H. Simmonds, enl. June 10, 1861, Co. B, 7th Inf. Trans. Dec. 5, 

1861. JIustered out July 24, 1865. 

Albert.^. Woolsey. enl. June 5, iSci. Transf. Dec. 5, 1861. 

BATTERY K. 

Andrew Berwick, transf. from Batt. E. Prom to 1st Lieut. Battery K, 

Jan. 21, 1865. Mustered out Jan. 16, 1865. 
Henry b Camp, enl. Nov. 13. 1861 Prom to 2nd Lieut. Batt. K, Jan 7^ 

1862, and to 1st Lieutenant March 27. 1862. Died Sept. 15, 1863, from 
wounds received at Cedar 3IountAin, Va. 

Thomas H. Bartlett. Promoted to 1st Lieut. Sept. 14. 1863. Resigned 

Oct. 1, 1863. 
Edwin C. Burns, enl. Nov, 33, 1861. Transf. to Invalid Corps Jan. 7, 

1864. 
Charles M. Shirley, enl. Feb. 1, 1863. Prom, to 1st Sergt. May 1, 1862; 

to2nd Lieut. Nov. 3, 1862; to 1st. Lieut. Sept. 34, 1863. Disch. Oct. 

15, 1863, for disability caused by wounds received at Gettysburg, 

July 1, 186:3. 
William Cobbledick, enl. Oct. 20, 1861. Mustered out .Tan. 16 1865, 
Phillip Berringer, enl. Oct. 29, 1861. Disch. Dec. 31, 1862. 
Milo Gage, enl. Nov. 1, 1861. Transf. to Battery B. Dec. 1, 1861, Mus 

tered out Jul.v 22, 1865. 
Charles Herrig. enl. Oct. 20, 1861. Mustered out Jan. 16, 1865. 
John Irvine, enl. Nov. 20, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Sept. 13, 1864. Mus- 
tered out with the Battery. 
Henry Blackford, enl. Jan. 15, 1862. Disch, for disability Nov. 10, 1862. 
William W. Burnham, enl. Aug. ii, 1862. Taken prisoner July 22, 1863. 

Died at Andersonville. June 21, 1864. 
David Brooks, enl. enl. March 21, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John C. Coover, enl. Aug. 14. 1863. Transf. to the Navy April 9, 1864. 
William Clark, enl. Jan. 15, 1.S62. Mustered out Feb. 30. 1865. 
John ,\. Davidson, enl. Sept 1,1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John S Danks. enl. Dec. 19. 1863. .Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles Dillon, enl. May 31, 1804. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Eddy, enl. May 16. 1864. Mustered out with the Batteiy. 
Richard C. Ferry, enl. Jan. 18, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Timothy Gorman, enl. Sept. 9, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William George, enl. Aug. 29, 1863. Missing since battle of Gettysburg, 

July 1. 18'i3, 
Jacob F. Henry, enl, Feb. 1, 1863. Transf. to Inv. Corps Dec 25, 1864. 

Mustered out Feb. 20, 1865. 
Charles Hitchcock, enl. Feb. 1, 1862. Disch. tor disability April 14, 1863. 
Ernest Heyse, enl. Feb. 1. 186.'. Mustered out with the Battery. 
David Hewitt, enl. Aug. 27. 1862. Disch. for disability March 11, 1863. 
John Heffron. enl. Dec. 18, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Findley Hiddleson, enl. March 33, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles Karr, enl. Feb. 1, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Kern, enl. Oct. 30, 1861. Mustered out Jan. 16, 1865. 
Charles Klasgye, enl. Feb, 1. 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Klasgye, enl. March 26, 1864. Mustered cut with the Battery. 
Martin Kirkbride. enl. March 34, 1S64. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas Leary, enl. Jan. 10, 18ij3. Mustered out with the Battery. 



THE IXDEI'EXDENT BATTERIES. ETC. 



181 



Thomas Lewis, enl. Aug. 14. IWW. Mustered out with the Batteiy. 
Leainjer Little, eul, March 84, ISW. Mustered out with the Batter.v. 
Frederick Jlinor. enl. Feb. 1, IC64. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Adam olhoff, enl. Feb. 1. ISbS, Disch. for disability Nov. 8, 18ia. 
Lewis Opert. enl. Feb. I. I8<i3 Killed at Gettysburg July 1, 1863. 
Ilenr.v B. Peacock, enl. Aug. 30, IStiS. .Mustered out with the Battery. 
Kihvin R. Potter, enl. Aug. 23, 1.S63. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Benjamin Potter, enl. Dec. Hi, IK03. Mustered out .lune 13. 18G4. 
Elmer H. Kaiid, eul. Feb. 1, 1803. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Russell P. Reed, enl. March 3o. 18114. Jliistered out with the Battery. 
George Sander, enl. Jan. 1.3. 1 63. Mustered out Feb. 30. 1865. 
Ednnmd F StatTord, enl. Feb. 3, 1863. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Aug. 1, 

1863. .Mustered out Feb. 80, 18<15. 
John A. Snyder, enl. Feb. 1, 1863. Disch. for disability Oct. 17, 1768. 
Jacob Snyder, enl. Aug. 23, 1863. .Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jacob Stein, enl. Aug. 31. 18B3. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George Winchester, enl. .\ug. 36, 1863. Promoted to Corp. Transf. to 

the Navy .4pril 9, 1864. 

BATTERY L. 

Theodore C. ^Veed, enl. Sept. 16, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery 

July 4, 1863. 
Nathan Clause, enl. Nov. 88, 1861. Disch. for disability Sept. 8T. 1863. 
Julius C. Trumbull, enl. Dec. 18 1861. 

BATTERY M. 

Mortimer L. Paddock, Batt. G. Prom, to 3nd Lieut. Batt. :>! Nov. 86, 
1862, and to 1st Lieut. March 30, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 14, 1864. 

SECOXi) REGIMENT HEAVY ARTILLERY. 

COMPANY M. 

George Beckwith enl. Feb. 36, 1864. .AIustereLl out with tlie Co. .^ug. 23, 

1865. 
John Curtin, enl. Feb. 18, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Frank Mo den. enl. Feb. 9. 1864. .Mustered out with the Co. 
Elia-i Rogers, enl. Feb. 16, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Vanness Sherwood, enl. Feb. !i, 1864. Mustered out with the Co. 
Stephen C. Warner, enl. Feb. 18. ism. Mustered out with the Co. 
Henry Chase, enl. Sept. 5, 1864. Disch. June 17. 1865. 
Owen Chase, enl. .\ug. 31, 1864. Disch. June 17, 1865. 
Gordon H. Shepard, enl. Aug. 31, 1864. Disch. June 17, 1865. 



CHAPTER X XXVI. 

THE INDEPENDENT B A i'TERIEd, ETC. 
General Remarks— The Si.-ith Battery a part of John Sherman "s Brig- 
ade—It opens the Battle of Mill Springs The Advance on Corinth- 
Silencing a Rebel Battery at Stone River— Guns lost and retaken — 
Inflicting a Crushing Defeat— Its Part at Chickamauga— The At- 
lanta Crapaaign— In the Thick of the Fight at Franklin— The End 
of Service— Members from Cuyahoga County— The Ninth Battery 
raised for the Forty-first Infantry — A Small Beginning — Gallantry 
at Mill Springs— Cuiuberland (iap— Skirmishes in 1863— Re-enlist- 
ment— The .\tlanti Campaign, etc -.Mustered out— The Cuyahogians 
— The Fifteenth Battery— Off to the Front— Grand Junction and 
Coldwater Creek- Vicksburg and Jackson- The Raid through Missis- 
sippi—To Northern Georgia— Its Numerous Services in the Atlanta 
Campaign— Through the Carolinas— Citizens .\gain— The Cuyahoga 
List— The Nineteenth a Cuyahoga Battery— Its Intelligence and 
Standing— Enthusiasm on their Departure— Sei vice in Kentucky— 
A Grateful People— A Section at McConnellsville— A Frenzied Vil- 
lage — The First Skirmish of the Nineteenth — The Enemy runs 
away— His Capture resulting - With Burnside to East Tennessee- 
Capture of Cumberland Gap— The Defense of Knoxville— A Section 
in Fort Saunders— The Terrible Defeat of the Rebels— Setting forth 
for .\tlauia— Opening Fire on the Works at Atlanta— The Battle of 
Nashville— Off to North Carolina— Its Services there— In Service no 
longer— The Residents of Cuyahoga— .Another Battery from this 
t'ounty— Trouble among the < )fScers— Engaged at Chickamauga— 
The Atlanta Campaign — Guarding Sherman's Flanks— Defeating 
Wheeler at Dalton — A Section surrendered ~ The Other Two with 
Thomas- Franklin and Nashville— Stationed at Chattanooga— Mus- 
tered out — The Cuyahoga Men The Twenty -first Batteiy guards 
Vallandigham— Watching Morgan— Fight at Walker's Ford, Tennes- 
see Services in Tennessee and Alabama— Return and Muster out— 
Twenty-fifth Battery-Gen. Blunts Detail— The Victories of New- 
tonia and Prairie Grove— Made the Twenty-fffth Ohio Battery- 
Service 111 Missouri ami Arkansas- Fighting North of Little Rock- 
Mustered out in ,\ugust, 18<i5— Cuyahoga Members— Fifth United 
States Colored Infantry-Begun as the One Hundred and Twenty-sev- 
enth Ohio— Slow Recruiting -Changed tothe Fifth Colored Infantry— 
In Virginia — Storming the Rights before Petersburg — Capturing 
New Market Eights — I'errible Loss— -Sorth Carolina— End of Service 
—List of Cuyahoga Soldiers. 

Besides tlie regiments of light iind heavy artillerv, 
tlifi'o wiTi- t\veiity-8i\ indepoii'leiit hatteries of Ijo-ht 



artillery I'ai.sed in Ohio during the war; each having 
a hundred and fifty officers and men, including a 
captain, two first lieutenants and two second lieuten- 
ants. Si.K of these contained delegations from Cuya- 
hoga county, and of these we give a slight account in 
the succeeding pages. 

SIXTH BATTERY. 

Tjiis originally fi)nned a part of a lirigade recruit- 
ed under tlie supervision, and largely through the 
e.xertions, of Senator (now Secretary) Sherman, 
which was consecpiently known as John Sherman's 
brigade. It was organized near Mansfield in Xovein- 
her, 1861, and contained during the war eighteen 
members from Cuyahoga county. It served in vari- 
ous parts of Kentucky during the following winter, 
and its presence on the Cumberland brought on tlie 
battle of Mill Springs. It reached Pittsburg Land- 
ing soon after the battle, and took part in the advance 
on Corinth. From the 29th of April to the end of 
its service it was always in the brigade or division of 
Gen. Wood. Tlie battery participated in the pursuit 
of Bragg into Kentucky, and was present at Perry- 
ville though not engaged. 

At Stone River the Si.xth silenced a rebel battery 
on the first day: the ne.xt, while detached from its 
regular position to check the overwhelming advance 
of the rebels against McCook's corps, it was tempora- 
rily outflanked tmd two guns were captured, which, 
however, were retaken a quarter of an hour later. The 
third day it was a part of the massed artillery which 
inflicted a crushing defeat on the advancing foe. 
On tiie fourth day (January 3d) the Sixth withdrew 
at one time on account of a rear fire from another 
Union battery, but soon took part in the final conflict 
which decided the victory in favor of the National 
forces. The ne.xt autumn, at Cliickamauga, tiie bat- 
tery was warmly engaged; having eight officers and 
men killed :uid wounded. 

Having re-enlisted in Decemijcr, the Si.xth took 
part in the Atlanta campaign tiie ne.xt spring; being 
engaged almost every day from Dalton to Atlanta. 
Returning with the Fourtii corps, the battery was in 
the verv hottest part of the battle of Franklin, and 
aided materially in gaining that decisive victory. It 
went through much arduous but not dangerous ser- 
vice after this, ami was mustered out in Sei)tember, 
18G5. 

MEMBERS FRO.M CUYAHOtiA COIXTY. 

David Baughman. enl. Aug 31. 1864. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps A|iril 

81. 1865. Disch. .\ug. ;». 1865. 
Thomas Goyette, enl. Feb. 4, l«<i4. Mustered out with the Battery Sept 

1, 1865. 
James M. Hawk, enl. March '34. l'<64. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Daniel McCiruvy, eul. Jan. 1'3, iwn. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Patrick O'Hearn, enl. Feb. 11, 1861 .Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Scott, enl. Feb. 10, 1H64 Clustered out with the Battery, 
Joseph Timiuens, enl. Feb. '36, 1X64. .Mustered out with the Battery. 
Stephen Welch, enl. Feb. 4, 1^64. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas Burnett, enl. .\ug. 87. 1X64. Disch. June r3, 1865. 
,Iohn Coslello, enl. Sept. 5. 1864. Disch. June 13. 1865. 
Orcellus Flowers, enl. .Vug. '37, 1S64. Disch. June 18, 1865. 
(Jeorge Falk, enl, Aug. 87, 1864. Disch. June 12, 1865. 
Joseph Kemplin. enl. Aug. SO, 1864. Disch. June 12, 18f5. 



182 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



William Morley, enl. Aug. 87, 18M. Disch. June 12, 1865. 
William JIcGruvy, enl. Aug. 27, 1864. Disch. June 12. 1865 
Benedict Schilling, enl. Sept. 1, 1864. Disch. June 12, 1863. 
Robert S. Treen, enl. Aug. 30, 1864. Disch June 18. 1863. 
Thomas Benton, enl. Nov. 17, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps Dec 28 
1864. 

XIXTH INDEPEXDEXT BATTERY. 

This command, origiiiall\' iuteude:d to form a por- 
tion of the Forty-first Infantry, was organized October 
11, 1861, for three years service, with three eommis- 
sioued oflBeers, eighty men and four guns, but after- 
wards became a full battery. During the war it had 
thirty-two members from Cuyahoga county. It left 
Cleveland for Kentucky on the ?th of December, 
and, after remaining in camp upwards of a mouth, 
participated in the battle of Mill Springs: receiving 
from Geu. Thomas, on account of its gallant services 
on that occasion, two bronze guns captured from the 
enemy. Subsequently the Ninth fought at Cumber- 
land Gap, where it was under a seven hours continu- 
ous fire, and shared in the numerous movements 
which i-csulted in the capture of that stronghold in 
June, 1862, as well as in the hardships of the retreat 
which was subsequently found to be necessary. 

After being increased to a six gun battery it served 
with the army of the Cumberland until the next 
spring; was smartly engaged with the enemy at 
Franklin and Triune, Tenn., and during June and 
July. 1863, had several skirmishes near Triune and 
Murfreesboro. Exciting but not important exper- 
iences attended the battery until February 22. 1864, 
when forty men of the original organization re-enlisted 
as veterans and returned to Cleveland. On the Pth 
of April, 1864, it appeared for duty at Tullahoma, 
Tenn., whence in May it dejiarted w-itli Sherman in 
the Atlanta campaign, and took an active part in the 
many battles of that arduous but glorious struggle. 
It also attended him in his " March to the Sea," per- 
forming good service whenever called upon, and was 
eventually mustered out at Cleveland on the 25th of 
July, 1865. 

.MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 

Edwin Cowles, enr. as Sergt. Oct. 11. ISfil, Promoted to 8d Lieut. Dec. 
12. 1862. Resigned April 20, 1864. 

Albert Eves, enl. Feb. -28. 1864. Promoted to Corp. May 18, 1865. Mus- 
tered out with the Battery. 

Selby Ashcraft, enl. March 7, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Charles Buchanan, enl. Feb. 29, 18(>4. Jlustered out with the Battery. 

John Blodgett, enl. March 15. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery . 

Ransom Brown, enl. March 10, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery 

John H. Bullock, enl. March 9, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Adrian Brown, enl. Feb. 25, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Peter Bennett, enl. Jan. 4, 1864, Mustered out with the Battery. 

Walter W. Clough, enl. Feb. 13, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Frank Dufresul, enl. Jan 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery 

Frank E. Eggleston, enl, Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery 

John K. Ensworth, enl. Feb. 14, 1864. Mustei-ed out with the Battery. 

Lucius Fowler, enl . Feb . 16, 18B4 . Mustered out with the Battery . 

Charles T. Hansard, enl. March 15, 18<>4. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Alonzo P. Jacques, enl. March 11, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Seth Knowles, enl. March 23, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

David A. Kelso, enl, March 16, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Charles Light, enl. Jan. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

John JSIehan, enl. Feb. 25, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Eugene A. Pendleton, enl. March 10, 1864. Mustered out with Battery. 

Charles A. Robinson, enl. Dec. 31, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 

William H. Schoffer, enl. Jan. 3, 1.864. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Ransom L. Smith, enl. Dec. 26, 1863. 5Iustered out with the Battery. 



Josiah M. Smith, enl. Dec. 1", 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Delmar Stevens, enl. Feb. 25, 1864. Mustered out with the Batteiy. 
Clare Thompson, enl. March 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Vandervert, enl. Aug. 30, 1.864. Disch. June 16. 1865. 
Caleb Williams, enl. Aug. 27, 1864. Disch. June 16. 1863. 
Thomas J. Willi ms, enl. Aug. 27, 1S&4, Disch. June 16, 1865. 
Henry M. Starin, enl. Oct. 15, 1863. Disch. Feb. 28, 1863. 
Phineas W. Sherman, euL Feb. 16. IHftt Disch. .Tune 88, 1864. 

FIFTEEXTH BATTERY, 

Recruited in the counties of Trumbull. Ashtal)ula, 
Cuyahoga and Lorain, the Fifteenth battery was mus- 
tered in for three years. February 1. 1862, reported 
to General Grant at Pittsburg Landing April 2d, and 
as a part of the Fourth division participated in the 
siege of CorintJi. 

It did some brilliant work in a skirmish near Grand 
Junction, Tenn,, in September, 1862; fought in the 
battle of Metamora on tiie 5th of October; and w; s in 
the thick of the fight at Cold Water Creek, on the 
19th of April. 1863. The battery went down the 
Mississippi with Gen. Grant; was on tlie front line 
during the siege of Vicksburg. and was engaged in 
July at Jackson. Mississippi. After operating on tJie 
Mississippi and lying in camp at Vicksburg until 
February. 1864, it marched eastward with Sherniaii 
against the enemy at Meridian, Enterprise and Quit- 
man. Mississippi, and then returned to Vick.sburg, 
where thirty-six of its men re-eulisted. 

After recruiting, the battery Joined Sherman in 
Northern Georgia, fought in the battles at Kenesaw 
mountain, wa.s oceuiiied in severe skirmislies and en- 
gagements ou the Nicojack and ChattaJioochie rivers, 
and was present at the capture of the Augusta rail- 
road near Decatur, Ga. It did very important work 
in the bloody fight of July 22d. when Gen. McPher- 
son was killed; and on the 28th of the same month it 
was the only battery engaged on the National side 
when Hood vainly hurled two corps against the forces 
commanded by Logan. The Fifteenth was also in 
Sherman's flank movement upon the rear of Atlanta, 
and was warmly engaged at the battles of Jonesbor- 
ough and Lovejoy's Station. 

It went down to the sea with Sherman, took part 
in the siege of Savannah, marched through the Caro- 
linas, and was present at Gen. Johnston's surrender. 
After having fought in thirty battles and skirmishes, 
and traveled more than five thousand miles, the Fif- 
teenth was mustered out at Columbus on the 20th of 
June. 1865. 

MEMBERS FKUM CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 

Edwin F. Reeve, enr. as 2nd Lieut. Jan. 7. 1862 Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

Dec. 31. 1862. Resigned June 16, 1864. 
Lyman Bailey, enr. Jan. 27, 1862. Prom, to 2nd Lieut July .30, 1.861, and 

to 1st Lieut. April 22, 1865. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Styles E. Sturges, enr. as Corp. Jan. 2, 1862. Promoted to 2nd Lieut. 

Dec. 30, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery June 20. 1865. 
William Ames, enl. Nov. 20, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Becktol, enl. Jan. 24, 1862. Died at Natchez, Miss., 1863. 
Thomas Howlett. enl. Dec. 7, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Merwin Webb, enr, as Corp. Dec. 8, ISi'.l. Died in Hosp. at Natchez, Miss. 
Robert Henry, enl. Dec. 11, 1861. Promoted to Sergt. Dec. 20, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas Hughes, enl Feb. 1, 1862. Died at Memphis, Tenn.. Dec. 21, 1862. 
George Ingraham. enl. Jan. 2!l, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Paul Kaiueier. enl. Jan. 30. 1862. Mustered out with the Btiilery. 



TlIK INDEPENDENT BATTKHIES, ETC. 



183 



Edward Kimberly. enl. Jan. 30, 1S6S. Disch. tor disability Nov. 11, leOS. 
John Keunely. enl. Jan. :». ISOS. Disch. for disability Oct. 16, 18«2. 
Hnxie E. Laudpliear, enl. Jan. ST, l&S. Died at Louisville, Ky., April 

1, i!<ia. 

Anthony Moran. enl Fel) 1, ISM. Mustered out Jan. 31. ISiW. 

Thomas McGovern, enl. Feb. 1. 1H(W. Mustered out with the Iiatter>-. 

John W. Spencer, enl. Jan. 3J l>»y^. Mustered out with the Buttery. 

Thomas Stokes, enl. Jan. ■-'•J, IW.', Promoted to Sergt. March 1, 18t!5. 
Mustered out with the Co. 

Henry Stukcs. enl, Jan. «. I.sta Died in Husp. at Cincinnati. 

Charles True. enl. Jan ifl, IMi-' Died at Vicksburg. Miss., Aug. U, 1«IJ3 

Thomas F. Ware, enl. Jan. -JO, LSGi. Disch. for disability Aug. 15, IMi. 

■\Villian, R. Ware. enl. Jan. 20, 1863. Disch. for disability Aug. 15, 1862. 

Enos A. Wait, enl Dec. II, ISBl. Mustered out Dec. 2;i, 1804 

Albert French, enl. Aug. 3", IHW. Mustered out with the IJattery. 

Martin H. Murphy, enl. March 22. 186^. JIustered out with the 1 altery. 

Henry Tegardine, enl \vg 31, 18i>4. Mustered out with the lialteay 

Martins. Weeks, enl. Marcli 7, I8I54. Mustered out with the battery. 

Lester Pancoast. enl. March 11, 18ii4. Disch. tor disability Aug. 16, 1864. 

Thomas Keiley, enr. as Corp. Dec. ", 18G1. Mustered out Dec. 18, 1864. 

Albert Potter, enr. as Corp. Dec. ;, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 18, 1864. 

Thomas Andrews, enl. Dec. 13, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 18, 1864. 

Thomas Bennington, enl. Dec. 11, 1861. Died at Naichez, Miss. Novem- 
ber, 1863. 

Cassius V. Briggs. enl. Dec. 10, 1861. Died at Bowling Green. Ky., .lan- 
I. 186:J. 

Royal French, enl. Dec. 7, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 18, 1864. 

George Gerner, enl. Dee. 11, 1861, Killed at Cold Water, Miss., April 19, 
1863, 

John Langton. enl, Dec, 'i, 1861. Promoted to Corp. Dec. 20, 18i'4. Mus- 
tered out with the Battery June 20, 1865. 

Orson W. Rice, enl. Dec. 17, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 

Charles H. Wilson, enl. Dec. U. 1861. Died in Hosp. at Vicksburg, 1864. 

Lyman D. Wescott, enl. Dec. 5, 1861. Disch. for disability June 8, 1862. 

Sanuiel York. enl. Dec. 11, 1861. Promoted to Corp. JIarch 1, 1865. Mus- 
tered out w-ith the Battery. 

Mortimer F. Paddock, enl. Dec. 30, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery 

.lohn L Davis, enl. Dec. 5, 1861. Disch. fordisability Dec. 25, 1862. 

XIXETEEXTH KAITEI^Y.* 

It is something less than a skeleton — only a few 
di.sjointed bones^that we can jiick out from the very 
interesting production mentioned in the foot-note. 
and place before our readers. 

The Nineteenth was raised at Cleveland by Capt. 
Joseph C. Shields, (being commonly called Shields" 
Battery,) in July, August and September, 1802; and 
its members, according to the records, were, with two 
or three exceptions citizens of Cuyahoga county. They 
were almost all men of good standing, and the historian 
of the battery boldly claims that it was the best edu- 
cated and most intelligent body of men that served 
during the war. 

After having a good time in camp until the .5th of 
October, the men. not yet provided with guns, set 
out for Kentucky, marching through the city to the 
depot escorted by the militia organizations, and 
cheered l)y tens of thousands of admiring friends — 
for all were tJien the soldiers" friends. Having re- 
ceived their armament, they served through the 
winter, and the spring of 18(53, at Lexington, Frank- 
fort, Richmond and Danville, undisturbed by the 
enemy, and always managing to extract all the pleas- 
sure possible from among the " lights and shadows of 
army life.'" 

About the 1st of June the battery was attached to 
tlie Twenty-third army corps, under Gen. Hartsutf, 
and moved southward. Ere long, how-ever. it was 
ordered to return, and ou the l".2th of July it reached 
Cincinnati, then in a state of intense alarm on account 

• From T. E. Trade's "Annals of the Kioeteenth Ohio Battery." 



of the operations of tlie celeln'ated and ubiquitous 
John Morgan. Tlie citizens collected by thousands, 
and every soldier was a hero who it was hoped would 
rescue the city from the dreaded gang of plunderers. 
At Hamilton, whither the battery immediately went, 
the generosity of the frightened citizens knew no 
bounds, and it was currently reported that one ener- 
getic artillerist accepted four invitations and ate four 
breakfasts before ten o'clock, a.m. 

The battery soon returned to Cincinnati, and moved 
eastward to guard the Ohio and prevent Morgan 
from escaping. On tlie 20th of July Lieut. Dustin, 
with two guns, went up the Muskingum on a .steamer, 
accompanied by four hundred hastily-levied '• scpiirrel 
hunters." Within two miles of McConnelsville, the 
county seat of Morgan county, a courier dashed up 
with information that Morgan was marching rapidly 
ou that town. All were immediately landed, and the 
section galloped forward (followed by tiie " squirrel 
hunters '"), into the little town, which was probably 
in a state of greater excitement than it has ever been 
at any other time, before or since; half the people 
running about the streets with valuables, uncertain 
what to do to save themselves from the great raider. 

Seven miles up the river the little command met 
Morgan"s advance, and promptly opened fire. The 
rebels were so surprised that they immediately turned 
and fled, followed by a copious discharge of shot and 
shell from the two guns. Thus it happened that the 
first shot fired at the enemy from any of the guns of 
the Nineteenth Battery were discharged in the State 
of Ohio: a result quite uulooked for by those who had 
set out for southern battlefields near ten months be- 
fore. On the section returning to McC'onuellsville, all 
previous expressions of enthusiasm were completely 
thrown in the shade by the gratitude of the rescued 
citizens. The little skirmish had (|uite important con- 
sequences, as it deranged Morgaifs plans and delayed 
his escape so long that he was soon captured. 

After returning to Kentucky the Nineteenth moved 
with Gen. Burnside to Kuoxville, in East Tennessee, 
thence turning northward and aiding in the capture 
of the great stronghold of Cumberland Gap. Return- 
ing to Knoxville, the battery engaged iu its first 
serious conflict with the enemy during the siege of 
that place by Longstreet, in November. All the guns 
were actively engaged, and one section was in Fort 
Saunders, the central point of the Union lines, when 
it was attacked by the reljels on the morning of the 
2'.tth of November, and the grape and canister of the 
Nineteenth aided in inflicting one of the most crush- 
ing defeats of the war; nearly two thousand rebels 
being killed and wounded in forty minutes, while the 
killed and wounded of the Union side only numbered 
thirty. Soon after. Longstreet abandoned the siege. 

After arduous service in East Tennessee during 
the winter and early spring, the liattery moved, in 
May, 1804, on the Atlanta campaign. It was en- 
gaged at Resaca, Cassville. Pumpkin Vine Creek, 
Kenesaw Mountain. Now Hope Church etc., and 



184 



OENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



was the first to open fire on the rebel fortifications at 
Atlanta. After the fall of that place it i-eturned to 
Nashville, and took part in the great battle in front of 
that city, which finally crushed the hopes of the am- 
bitious Hood. 

The next move was a long one, made in February, 
18G.5, to North Carolina. There, however, there was 
little left to do, and after taking part in the closing 
movements of the war it returned to Cleveland in 
June, and on the 39th of that mouth was mustered 
out of the service. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 

Joseph C. Shields, enr. as Capt. July 28, 1862. Resigned Sept. 15, 1864. 
Frank Wilson, enr. as 1st Lieut. July 88, 1862. Promoted to Capt. Nov. 

14, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery June 27, 1865. 
WiUiam Dustin, enr. as 1st Lieut. July 28, 1862. Mustered out with the 

Battery. 
Charles B. Harris, enr. as 3nd Lieut. July S8, 1862. Promoted to 1st 

Lieut. Feb. I, 1865. Mustered out with the Batter.v. 
Robertson Smith, enr. as3nd Lieut. July 28, 1862. Resigned Feb. 3, 1863. 
John N. Estabrook, enr. as l.st Sergt. .\ug. 13, 1862. Promoted to 2nd 

Lieut. Aug. 1, 181.13. 'Mustered out with the Battery. 
James W. Grimshaw. enr. as Sergeant Aug. 11, 1862. Promoted to 3nd 

Lieut. Feb. 1, 1865. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas J. Poole, enr. as Q. M. Sergt. Aug. 4, 1862. Died at Knoxville, 

Tenn., Feb. 7, 1864. 
Pardon B. Smith, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 9, 1862. Prom. toQ. M, Sergeant. 

Mustered out with the Battery. 
James M. Johnson, env. as Corp. .\ug. 12, 1868. Prom, to Q. M. Sergeant. 

Disch. March 28, 1864. 
Robert D. Hanna, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 12, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps 

April 1, 1865. Disch. July 8, 1865. 
Arthur P. Gray, enr. as Strgt. Aug. 4, 1862. Mustered out with the 

Battery. 
Charles Luck, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 13, 1862. Disch. tor disability Jan. 19, 

1865. 
Thomas J. Hudson, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 6, 1862. Mustered out June 8, 

1865. 
Simon V\'. Killam, enr. as Corp. Aug. 9, 1868. Mustered out with the 

Battery. 
EU H. Simpkins, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Mus- 
tered out with the Battery. 
Alexander G. Cassell, enr. as Corp. Aug, 11, 1862. Promoted to Sergt- 

Disch. Feb. 3, 1861 
George R. Campbell, enr as Corp. Aug. 12, 1868. Disch. March 19, 1864. 
Nonnan Champney, enr. as Corp. Aug. 7, 1863. Promoted to Sergeant. 

Mustered out with the Battery. 
William A. Bruner, enr. as Corp. July 31, l.'*62. Mustered out with 

Battery. 
William G. Byron, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps 

April 1, 1805. Mustered out July 9, 1865. 
Asahel B. Peters, enr. as Corp. Aug. 6, 1862. Promoted to Sergt Jan. 

19, 1865. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Edward F. Brown, enr. as Corp. Aug. 11. 1862. Disch. Feb. 29. 1804. 
George H. Barber, enr. as Corp. Aug. 8. 1862. 
William H. Storer, enr. as Bugler, Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out with 

the Battery. 
Edward Byerly, enr. as Bugler, Aug. 9, 1868. Mustered out with the 
Henry W. Redhead, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John H. Van Luven, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
James A. Wilson, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Disch. for disability Dec. 27, 1864. 
James W. Allen, enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John .Andrews, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Thomas J. Armstrong, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Mustered out with Battery. 
Joseph Armstrong, enl. Aug. 13, 1868. Promoted to Corp. Jan. 19, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Battery. 
Ira Brunei-, enl. July 31, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Horatio S. Bufflngton, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles E. Barrows, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Feb. 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Bassett, enl. Aug. 13, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Albert Bishop, enl. Aug. 11, 1868. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Guy Ball, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Died at Frankfort, Ky., Jan. 27, 1863. 
Alfred Bntes, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery 
Marx Buhl, enl. Aug. 5, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
AUmzo Barrett, enl. Aug. 4, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frank D. i.ostwiek. enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John E. Bradford, enl. Aug. 12. 1863. Disch. for disability Feb. 8. 1864. 
Willi.un R. urger, enl. .\ug. 7, 1868. Mustered out with the Battery. 



John C. Bissell, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Burton, enl. Aug. 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John M. Concklin, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Fattery. 
Edwin J. Cobb, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Disch. Jan. 14, 1864. 
James T. Carter, enl Aug. 8. 1862. Mustered out with the Bat ery. 
Melvin R. Carter, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William H. Cook, enl. Aug. 6, 1868. Mustered out with the Batlery. 
Joseph B. Crouch, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Mustered out Jime 23. 1865. 
William Childs, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Mustered out June 3. 1865. 
Alexander Chevalia, enl. Aug. 4, 1862. Disch. May 13, 1864. 
Henry Curtis, enl. Aug. 2, 1868. Disch. March 24. 1865. 
Solon O. Campbell, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Disch. July 86, 1863. 
Drurv F. Dryden, enl. .\ug. 18, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Clustered otit 

with the Batter.v. 
John B. Douglass, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Left in Hosp. at Knoxville, Tenn. 

Feb. 8, 1864. 
Edwin C. Dixon, enl. Aug. 6. 1862. Mustered out with the Batter.v. 
Edmund W. Davis, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Harry Ellsler, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George Flower, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the liattery. 
Horatio J. Foote, enl. Aug. 5, 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps April 1, 

1865. Disch. July 7, 1865. 
Samuel T. Ferguson, enl. Aug. 8, 1863. Died at Chattanooga July 7. 1864, 

from wounds rec'd in action. 
Adam Glib, enl. Aug. 11 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas Gearity, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Austin C. Gaskill, enl. Aug. 11, 1868. Disch. for disability March 34, 1863. 
Jasper N. Gibbons, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Disch. for disability A\3g. 13. 1864. 
Oscar E. Ciifford, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Promoted to Hosp. Steward of 8th 

Tenn. Cav. 
Merrick Gould, enl. Aug. 7; 1868. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frank Gilbert, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John D. Galvey, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Sent to Hosp. July 29. 1864. 
George A. Haver, enl. Aug. 11, 1868. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jacob Hartman, ehl. Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
James V. Hiddleson, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Disch. April 6. 1863. 
Theodore N. Harrington, enl. Aug. 5, 1868. Mustered out with Battery. 
Joseph C. Huston, enl Aug. 8, 1868. Mustered out July 17, 1,865. 
Jeremiah M. Hower, enl. Aug. 12, 1863. Disch. April 4, 1865. 
Jlichael Houck, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
James Hendricks, enl. .\ug. 2. 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William J. Hartzell, en!. Aug. 1, 1868. Mustered out with the Baltery. 
Heman H. Hubbard, enl. .Aug. 5, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Hill, enl. Aug. 5. 1863. Disch. for difability March 34, 1863. 
John Honoddle, enl. Aug. 6, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Philip D. Hecker. enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Hecker. enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frederick Hodel, enl. Aug. 9. 1862. Died at Knoxville, Tenn.. Nov. 3, 

1863. 
Samuel F. Herrick, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Hogan. enl. Aug. 11. 1862. Promi ted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Alphonso Hard, enl. Aug. 11, 1868. Disch. for disability April 27. 1865. 
Wallace Harper, enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
R. H. House, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Andrew J. Kelle.v, enl. Aug. 9, 186.. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Edward W. Kidney, enl. Aug. 12, 1863. Mustered out June 6. 1865. 
Rudolphus M. Kreidler, enl. Aug. 6, 1863. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Feb. 

1, 1865. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Albert J. Ketchum, enl. .\ug 11, 1868. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Martin V. B. Leeper, enl. Aug. 13. 1863. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps April 

1,1865. Disch. July 8, 1865. 
Martin Leonaid, enl. .\ug. 11, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Lowe, enl. Aug. 11, 1863. Transf. to the Xavy June 37, 18W. 
William Maier, enl. Aug. 18, 1862. Musteied out with the Battery. 
Edwin C. Morse, enl. .\ug. 11, 1862. Died at Knoxville, Tenn., March 1, 

1864. 
Delos R. Marks, enl. Aug. 5, 1868. Died at Lexington, Ky. Jan. 17, 1863. 
Robert G. Marcellus, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
.A.ndrew F. McGhee, enl. Aug. 9, 1862. Disch. Feb. 8. 1663. 
William Messinger. enl. Aug. 1, 1868. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jacob Marx, enl. Aug. 8, 1808. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Luke R. Murphy, enl. .-iug. 11, 1868. Disch. March 4, 1863. 
John Moore, enl. Aug. 13, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Walter Norton, enl. .\ug. 6, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Feb, 1, 1865. 

Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jeremiah W, Nash, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Died at Knoxville. Tenn,, May 

10, 18M. 
Joseph M. Odell, enl. Aug. 5, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
ArtemusT. Proctor, enl. July 31. 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George M. Patterson, enl. Aug. 4, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John C. Quinlan, enl, Aug. 11, 186-J. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Stephen G. Remington, enl. .Aug. 9, 1868. Mustered out with the Battery- 



THE INDEPENDENT BATTERIES. ETC. 



185 



Jliirrison H. Remington, enl. Aug. 6, 1862. Mustered out with Battery, 
.lames L, Reeil, enl. Aug. 1, 1802. Died at Stanford. Ky.. .luly 2. I«i3. 
Edwin C. Root, enl. .\uK. 4, 18l!2. Mustered out with the liattery. 
John Reese, enl. Aug. II, lS(i3. Mustered out with the liatterj-. 
Cieorge H. Root, enl. Aug. 11, isia. Disch. Feb. 29. IKW. 
.lolin Risley, eul. Aug. 12, 1S02. Mustered out with the Hatteiy. 
Henry B. Smith, enl. Aug. 4, IHIia. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Elbert B. Simons, enl. Aug. 5. 1H62. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Solon C. Storm, enl. Aug. 6, 1S62. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jacob K. Stucker, enl. Aug. 13, ISOS. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Joseph Strine, enl. .Vug. 13, 1K62. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Samuel Sunderland, enl. Aug. 1, 1802. Disch. for disability ,Iuly 8, 1864. 
William J. Spafford. enl. Aug. 6, 1«62. Mu.stered out with the liattery. 
Smith Riley, enl. Dec. 30, 1813. Mustered out with the liattery. 
Alexander B. Stevens, enl. Aug. 9, 1S62. Mustered out with the Battery. 
James H. Stanford, enl. Aug. 11, l.si;2. Mustered out with the battery. 
William K, Scott, enl. Aug. 11, 18(3. Disch. June 19, 1KI«. 
Benjamin L. Sampson, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Mustered out with the liattery. 
Robert Thomp.soii, enl. Aug. 13, 1862 Mustered out with the Battery. 
Theodore f. W. Tracie, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Ellis II. Torrey. enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Disch. for disability March 4, 1S63. 
Charles II. Viall, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Watkins, enl. Aug. 9, 1802. Prom, tol'orp. Mustered out with the 

Battery. 
Victor R. Williams, enl. Aug. 13, 1862. Disch. Jan. a», 1804. 
Andrew Wolf. enl. .Vug. 1, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery, 
(ieorge Williams, enl. .\ug. 4, 1.802. Transf. to the Navy June 27. 1861. 
Erastus R. Waite, enl. Aug. 0, I8t)2. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Orrin L. Waite. enl. Aug. 6, 1802. Killed in action June 29, 1861. 
Richard H. Williams, enl. Aug. 7, 1862. Disch. 

Harvey S. Welch, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Disch. for disability April 4, 1803. 
.lohn Wolcott, enl. Aug. 11. 1S03. Disch. for disability March 3, 1803. 
( hristiau Waltz, enl. Aug. 12, 1862. Mustered out with the liatterj'. 
Kdwanl ('. Fairchild, enl. July 30. 1862. Promoted to Corp. Clustered 

out with the Battery. 
.lotm N. Barnum, enl. Aug. 20. 18IM. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Klilon (i. l)i.\on, eid. Feb. 2:1, ISI'vl. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Erastus II. Fox, enl. March 2^^, I8(V1. Mustered out with the Battery. 
.Mien .Monroe, enl. I^tarch 23, 18(>4. Mustered outwith the Battery. 

TWENTIETH BATTERY. 

This was another purely Ciiyahoga-county institu- 
tion; having originally a liunilred and fifty-six men, 
unilcr C'apt. Louis Sinitliiiight, but being filled up 
witii recruits from time to time it had no less than a 
ii Mildred and ninety-six men on its roll. It left Camp 
Taylor on the 31st of December, 1802, and on the 8tli 
of Kebniary, 1803, joined Rosecrans at Murfreesboro, 
Tfiin. After the resignation of C'apt. Smithnight, 
iiiiich trouble was caused by the appointment of an 
outsider and all tiie other commissioned officers left 
the service; their places being filled by men from the 
ranks. 

After taking part, in the advance of Rosecrans' army 
il. was actively engaged at the battle of Chickamauga, 
iiaving three men wounded and two taken prisoners. 
'I'lic battery was stationed at Chattanooga during the 
siiteceding winter, and in May, 1803, it moved on the 
.\tlanta campaign. It was constantly called on to 
perform tiie difficult task of repelling the cavalry of 
Forest iind Wheeler in their numerous as.saults on the 
thinks of Sliernian's army, and also to maintain com- 
munications with the base of sujtplies in the rear. 
On the 15th of August, 1804, General fSteadman with 
a division of infantry and the Twentieth battery at- 
tacked Wiieeler's corps of cavalry, said to lie six 
Ihdusaiid strong, at Dalton, and after .several hours 
fighting drove them from the ]i]ace. 

Early in 8e|)tember a section of (he battery which 
bad reniiiincd at Dalton was surrendered, together 
with a regiment of colored troops, by the commander 
of the lalter, at the demand ..f (leiicial Hood, who 



was ou his way northward. The other two sections 
accompanied General Thomas, in the Fourth army 
corps, on his march to circumvent Ilood. The re- 
duced battery was gallantly engaged in the battle of 
Franklin, having fourteen officers and men killed and 
wounded. It was also engaged, though less severely, 
at the battle of Nashville. It was soon afterwards 
stationed at Chattanooga, where it remained until 
July; being mustered out at (jleveland on the T.itb of 
that inontli. 

MEMBERS FROM Cl'YAHOIiA COUNTY. 

Louis Smithnight, enr. as Capt. Aug. 21, 1862, Resigned April 27, 186:). 
William Backus, enr. as Cor|). Aug. 28, 1862. Promoted to 2d I.ieut. May 

22, 1863; to 1st Lieut. Nov. 23, 1803; to Capt. Dec. 5, 1804. Mustered ^ 

out with the Battery. 
Frank O. Robbins, enr. as 1st Lieut. Aug. 24, 1862. Resigned April 26, 1863. 
Charles F. Nitschelm, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 28, 1862. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 

May 22, 1863, and to 1st Lieut. Nov. 25, 1863. Died at Chattanooga, 

Tenn., Aug. K, 1K64. 
Henry Roth, enr. as Ist Lieut. Aug. 1.5, 1802. Disch. Oct., 1863. 
Henry Horn, enr. as Sergt. Sept. 11, 1S02. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Dec. f) 

1864, and to 1st Lieut. Dee. 30, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery.' 
Matthias Adams, enr. as 2d Lieut. Aug. 24, 18(i2. Resigned May 24, 18(13. 
Harlan P. Joslyn, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 30, 18(!2. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 

Nov. 2.5, 1863, and to 1st Lieut. Dee. '>, I8(U. Mustered out with the 

Battery. 
Oscar W. Hancock, enr. as 2d Lieut. Oct. 1, 1H62. Promoted to 1st Lieut. 

May 22, 1863. Disch. Oct., 18(3. 
John S. Burdick, enr. as Corp. Aug. ;iO, 18(i2. Promoted to 2d Lieut. 

Nov. 2.'), 1863, and to 1st Lieut. Aug. 29, 1804. Killed in action Nov. 

30, 1K(W, 
Charles G. Hilburts, enr. asQ. M. Sergt. Aug. 29, 1862. Disch. Nov. 11, 1863. 
Henry Hoelin, enr. as Corp. Aug. 20, 1862. Promoted to 2d Lieut, Dec. 5, 

1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Neraeher, enl. Aug. 30, 1802. Promoted to 2d Lieut. Dec. 5, 1864. 

Clustered out with the Battery. 
John G. Fay, Jr., enr. as Ist Sergt. Aug. 25, 1862. Disch. May 24, 1865. 
John S. Patterson, enl. Aug. 11, 1862. Pi'omoted to Q. M. Sergt, Mus- 
tered out with the Battery. 
John A. Zeller. enr. as Sergt. Aug. 28, 1802. Killed by accident at Alpine 

Gap, Sept. 12, 186:1. 
Frank Coquelin, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 2.5, 1862. Disch. March 4, 1863. 
Charles Beyrt, enr. as Sergt. Aug. 29, 1862. Killed in action Jan. 25, 1863. 
George Jansen, enr. as Corp. Aug. 26. 1862. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn.. 

Nov. 2, 1863. 
William Sehrt, enr. as Corp. Aug. 29, 1862. Mustered out with Battery. 
Barney Carey, enr, as Corp, Aug, 26, 1862, Promoted to Sergt, Disch. 

May 27, 1864. 
Jacob Hamrael, enr. as Corp. Aug. 27, 1802. Disch. March 4, 1863, 
Edwin O. Fowler, enr. as Corp. Aug. 11, 1802. Mustered out with the 

Battery. 
Thomas Kirby, enr. as Corp. Sept. 15, 1802. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., 

April 7, l.S6,5, 
Charles B. Baker, enr. as Corp. Sept. 8, 1862. Mustered out with Battery. 
Alfred Sugenthal, enr. as Corp. Sept. 9, 1862. Disch. June 12, 1864. 
.lames H. Davis, enl. Sept. 29, 1862. Disch. for disability March 28, 1.865. 
Silas B. Vaughn, enl. Sept. (I, 1802. Transf. to Inv. Corps July 8, 1863. 
.\nton Eileman, enr. as Bugler Sept. 13, 1S62. Mustered out with Battery, 
Moriis N. Oviatt, enr. as Bugler Aug. 27, 1802. Disch. Sept. 22, 1863. 
John I'lirschner, enl. Sept. 3, 1862. Disch. Sept. 27, 1N6.3. 
Daniel .\rnett, enl Atig. 29. 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
La Fayette Allen, enl. Sept. 22. 18(»2. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jacob Bohley, enl. Sept. 18, 1862. Disch. Jlareh 4, 18():J. 
James Brown, enl. .\ug. 29, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Theodore Brandt, enl. Sept. 20, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Max Bias, enl. Sept. 3, 1802. .Mu^tered out with the Battery. 
Jerry D. Brush, enl. Sept. 1, 1802. Disch. March 4. 1S03. 
Conrad Bolts, enl, Aug, 30. 18(i2. Disch, March 1, 18(W, 
John Broman, enl. Sept, 11, 1802. Mustered out with the Batter}'. 
Christian Bernhanit, enl. Sept .30,1862. Died at Chattanooga, Dec. 1, 

1S0.3. 
George Blatner, enl, Oct, 1, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery, 
Francis Becker, enl. Oct, 13, 1862, Mustered out with the Battery, 
Augustus F, Braiin, enl, Oct, 1.3, 1862, Mustered out with the Battery, 
Aulis Briggs, enl, Aug, 2fl, 1802, Mustered out with the Battery, 
.lohn Carr, enl. Aug, 30, 1S62, Promoted to Sergt, JInstereil out with 

the Battery, 
Thomas Cowley, enl. Sept, 28, 1802, Transf, to the Xa\T .March 10, IStU, 
Adam Conrad, enl, Aug, 27, 1862, Promoted to Corp, Mustered out 

with the Battery, 
Miles Cook, enl, Aug. 25, 1862, Mustered out with the liattery. 



186 



GENERAL HISTORY OP CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



George M. Ohapin, enl. Oct. 13, 1802. Disch. Jan. 15. 1803. 
Augustus Dietrich, enl. Sept. 3, 1882. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jolm W. Dickerson, enl. Aug.' .30, 1862. Died at Nashville, Tenn., Jlay 

31, 1863. 
John De Weyer, enl. Sept. 30, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps April 10, 

1865. Mustered out Aug. 1, 1806. 
Edwin Edwards, enl. Oct. 11, 1862. Must«red ou: with the Battery. 
Henry Farrell, enl. Oct. 20, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Fahl, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Died at Chattanooga June 7, 1804. 
Arnold Freiberger, enl. Sept. 35, 1862. Mustered out June 7, 1865 
Richard Frick, enl. Sept. 1, 1862. Disch. Jan. 15, 1803. 
John W. Fuller, enl. Sept. 18, 1802. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Batter.y. 
Louis Fessler, enl. Oct. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Peter Graff, enl. Sept. 4, 1862. Died in Andersonville prison Sept. 12, 

1804. 
William Grotzinger, enl. Sept 30, 1862. Disch. July 12, 1863. 
John Grotzinger, enl. Aug. 28, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Peter Galeel, enl. Aug. :M, 1863, Mu.stered out with the Battery. 
Jacob H. Galeel, enl. Aug. 25, 1S02, Mustered out with the Battery. 
Peter Glaugner, enl. Sept. 2fl, 1802. Mustered out with the l.'attery. 
Jacob Heyot, enl. Aug. 23, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Hevy, enl. Sept. 15, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jacob Hefty, enl. Sept. 15, 1862. Transt. to Reg. Army Oct. 31, 1809. 
Peter Hahn, eul. Sept. 13, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles Joras, enl. Oct. 8, 1802. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out with 

the Battery. 
Robert Jeffrey, enl. Aug. 27, 1862. Transf. to the Navy March 10, 18(H. 
John Joyce, enl. Aug. 15, 1802. Promoted to 1st Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
John Janklau, enl. Sept. 12, 1862. Transf. to the Navy March 10, lSf4. 
James Knox, enl. Sept. 10, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Loefler, enl. Aug. 29, 1862. Died at Nashville June 9, 1801. 
George Lowman, enl. Oct. 13, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Joseph Marquard, enl. Oct. 18, 1802. Mustered out with the i attery. 
Henry Matthew, enl. Oct. 5, 1802. Disch. July 20, 1803. 
Peter JIcGue, enl. Sept, 2. 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Rudolph Myers, enl. Aug. 30, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Joseph Morey, enl. Sept. 5, 1862. Transf. to the Navy March 10, 1864. 
Abraham Muhline, enl. Aug. 29, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
John Miller, enl, Aug. 25, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jacob Marquard, enl. Aug. 30, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Charles Marquard, enl. Aug, 30, 1862, Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frank Mills, enl, Aug. 29, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frank Meyers, enl. Aug. 29, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Peter McCormick, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Disch. March 28, 1863. 
Frank Neracker, enl. Sept. 3, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
John Nebauer, enl. Oct. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George Ningbra, enl, Oct. 11, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Horace Parker, enl. Aug. 21, 1802. Transf. to the Navy March 10, 1864. 
Jolm Party, enl. Aug 25, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Milo Ross, enl. Oct. 15. 1802. Disch. March 4, 186:J. 
Ransom Roscoe, enl. Aug. 25, 1863. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
John Rith, enl. Sept. 9, 1802. Disch. April 9, 186:J. 

Matthias Rohrbuck, enl. Sept. 12, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jolm Rib lid, enl, Aug. 25, 1862. Died at Chattanooga Oct. 5, 1861. 
Charles Rudolph, enl. Aug. 3S, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jacob Rhodes, enl. Aug. 15, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frederick Rash, enl. Sept, 20, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George Russ, enl. Sept, 4, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George Russell, enl, Sept. 30, ISlB. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frank Rashleigh, enl. Aug. 29, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Ruff, enl. Aug. 26. 1803. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Philip Schwartz, enl. Aug. 30. 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Henry Sturbaum, enl. Sept. 1, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles Stahl. enl. Sept. 16, 1.863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Alexander Stahl, enl. Sept. 18. 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Schneider, enl. Sept. 29, 1863. Transf. to Vet, Res, Corps May 7 

1865. Musteredout Aug. 11, 1865. ' 

John Schneider, enl, Oct. 11, 1803, Died at Chattanooga, June 5, 1864, 
George Somers enl, Oct, 8, 1862, Promoted to Corp, Mustered out with 

the Battery, 
George F, Smith, enl, Oct. 8, 1863. Transf. to the Navy JIarch 10, 1S61. 
William Sykes, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Peter Schwan, enl. Aug. 23, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Jolm H. Taylor, enl. Aug. 33, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

With the Battei-y. 
E<iward Vedder, enl. Sept. 19, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery 
Joseph Vogtly, enl. Aug. .30. 1862. Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., Jan 

14, 186;S. 
Sebastian Vetger, enl. Sept. 2.-), 1863. Disch. for disability May 15, ISia. 



David J. Williams, enl. Oct. 11, 1802. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
John T. Williams, enl. Oct. 13, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Henry Weidoff, enl. Aug. Aug. 36, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Daniel Wilcox, enl. Aug. 26, 1802. Disch. April 10, 1863. 
Elisha Williams, enl. Aug. 11, 18(!2. Promoted to Corp. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Charles Walter, enl, Aug. 25, 1802. Disch. July 29, 186.3. 
Sauuiel Winnepleck, enl. Aug. 26, 1861. Died at Nashville, Feb. 29, 1861 
John Wiler, enl. Aug. 29, 1862. Disch. April 9, 1863. 
William Werbuch, enl. Sept. 3, 1862. Transf. to Invalid Corps July 9. 

mvi. 

Paul Waly, enl. Aug. 8, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out with 

the Battery. 
John Wenner, enl. Sept. 18, 1862. Mustered out with the Batterj-. 
John Winger, enl. .Sept. 18, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Edwin Waldo, enl. Sept. 23, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Peter Wentrich, enl. Sept. 20, 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John White, enl. Sept. 39, 1803. Died at Nashville, Aug. 3, 1864. 
Charles Willett, enl. Sept. 30. 1802. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles Witzrudorff. enl. Sept, 18, 1862. Disch. April 9, 1803. 
Andrew Zengenly, enl. Aug. 26, 1862. Died at Chattanooga, Oct. 8. 1864. 
.Samuel Ayers, enl. Aug. 28, 1862. Transf. to Vet. Res. Corps. Promoted 

to 1st Sergt. Mustered out Oct. 6, 1865. 
Andreas Uammel, eul. July 15, 1863. Died at Nashville May 18, 1864. 
Philip Hauck, enl. Jan. 15, 1864. Died at Chattanooga, Sept. 5, 1804. 
Pearson B. Sorter, enl. Aug. 39, 1864. Killed in action Nov. 30, 1804. 
Sanniel Braine, enl. Feb. 19, ISM. Killed in action Nov. 30, 1804. 
Jacob 1 ender, enl. Dec. 30, 1863, Killed in action Nov, 30, 1804, 
Uriah Ackley, enl, Feb. 27, 1864. Mustered out May 30, 1805. 
Philip Solomon, enl. Oct. 1, 1864. Mustered out June 9. 1865. 
Peltiah Smith, enl. Dec. 31, 1863. Mustered out May 24, 1865. 
Adam Hausman, enl. Aug. 28, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. Mustered out 

with the Battery . 
Peter Dietrich, enl. Nov. 15, 1862. Promoted to Corporal. Mustered out 

with the Battery. 
Edwin Adams, enl, Jan, 5, 1864, Mustered out with the Batter.v, 
John Brier, enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Blair, enl. Jan. 14, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George Berthold, enl. Jan. 14, 1804. Mustered out with the Batter.v. 
Horace Bronson, enl. Jan. 27, 1864. Mustered out wit,h the Batter.v. 
John D. Chapman, enl. Jan. 27, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Edwin Camp, enl. Oct. 5. 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Edward Davis, enl. Jan. 5, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Philip Droz, enl. Jan. 37, 1864. Mustered out with the Batter,v. 
James Hardman. enl. Dec. 31, 1863. Mustered out with the I atlery. 
Charles Higgins. enl. Dec. 22. 180;i. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Robert Hawkins, enl. Dec. 30, l.'OS. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Albert Jones, enl. Jan. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Henry Killmer, enl. Dec. 24, 1863. Muttered out with the Battery. 
William Kelley, enl. Jan. 8, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Herbert Le Claire, enl. Jan. 22, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas Munger, enl. Oct. 5, 1864. Mustered out with tlie Battery. 
David Munger, enl. Oct. 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas Munson, enl. Oct. 14, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Melvin Malone, enl. Jan. 5, 1864, Mustered out with the Battery. 
Nelson Malone, enl. Jan 5, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frank Perkins, enl. Jan. 4, 1804. Mustered out with the Battery. 
James Perrine, eul. Jan. 4, 1.S64. Mustered out with the Battery. 
-Vuthony Paulis, enl. Jan. 5, 1.864. Mustered out with the Battery 
Peter Pope. enl. Jan. 7, 1864. Clustered out with the Battery. 
Othello Park, enl. Feb. 15, 1804. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Henry Richards, enl. Dec. 29, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery 
Christian Stiller, enl. Jan. 2, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Stodtle, enl. Jan. 6, 1864. Mustered out with the Batter?-. 
Arthur Stacy, enl. Dec. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles Smith, enl. Jan. 4. 1864. Clustered out with the Battery. 
Christian Schnitzer, enl. Dec. 30, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Peter C. Smith, enl. Jan. 11, 1804. JIustered out with the Battery. 
Henry Sheridan, enl. Jan. 25. 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Frederick Wetzel, enl. Oct. 4, 1864. Clustered out with the Battery. 
Charles Webster, enl. Feb. 2.5, 1864. Mustered out with the Battei-y. 
Francis Wright, enl. Jan. 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Batteri". 
August Walter, enl. Dec. 24, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George Young, enl. Jan. 12, 1804. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Joseph Fitzgerald, enl. Jan. 5, 1804. Disch. for disability Dec. 4, 1804. 
Hugo Koehn, enl, Dec. 30, 18C;j. Disch. for disability May 10, 18i'.5. 
Verdine Truesdale, enl. Aug. 29, 1804. Mustered out Jime 7, 18(». 
Sherntan Oviatt, enl. Aug. 29, ISCA. Mustered out June 7, 1805. 
Charles Humphrey, enl. Aug. 29, 18<>4. Mustered out June 7, 180.'i. 
Alexander Sorter, enl. Aug. 29, 1864. Mustered out June 7, 1865. 
Harris Billson, enl. Sept. 30, 1864. Mustered out June 7, 1865. 
Henry Elder, enl. Sejrt. 7, 1.804. Mustered out June 7. 1865. 
Albert Case, enl. Aug. 29, 18r4. Mustered out June 7, 18i«. 
Peter O'Keesler, enl. Aug. 39, 1864. Mustered out June 7, 18(^, 



Till*: INDEPENDENT BATTERIES, ETC. 



187 



TWENTY-FIRST BATTERY. , 

The Twenty-first battery was mustered into the 
service for three years at Camp Ueunison, on the 9th 
of April, 18(i;5, and in May was sent down the Ohio 
from Cincinnati to Louisville as guard over Vallandig- 
ham, then on his way into exile. When Morgan 
crossed the Ohio, four of the guns of the Twenty-first 
were used on the steamers patrolling the river to pre- 
vent his escape. In September the battery proceeded 
to Tennessee, in which State it did considerable 
service, especially in a fight at Walker's Ford, on the 
2d of December, 18G3, where it was remarkably ett'ect- 
ive. Its field of operations until the close of the 
war was confined to Tennessee and Alabama, where 
its chief cmitloymcnt was the guarding of important 
fords and railway lines. When the long struggle was 
ended the battery returned to Cleveland, and on the 
31st of July, 1SG5, it was mustered out of the service. 

.MEMBERS FROM CUYAUOGA COUNTY. 

William H. H. Smith, eiir. as -Jnd Lieut. Nov. 19, 1862. Promoted to 1st 

Lieut. March 1, 1S64. Mustered out with the Battery .July 21, 1803. 
Ezra Homes, enr. as Q. M. Sergt. Oct. 10, 1862. Mustered out witli the 

Battery . 
Darius Baldwin, enr. as Corp. Oct. 31, 1863. Disch. July 15, 1863. 
Horace Wolcott, enr. as Corp. Oct. 17, 1863, Mustered out with the 

Battery. 
Charles J. Beebe, enl. Dec. 16, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Samuel Allen, enl. Oct. 11, 1SU2. Drowned at Cincinnati May 25, 1863. 
Thomas R. jVllen, enl. Oct. 31, 1H02. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Cleanthus Burnett, enl. Feb. 2-3, 1.S63, Promoted to Corp. May 17, IHOo. 

Mustered out with the Battery. 
William J. Eaklwin, enl. Oct. 13, 18li2. Lisch. for disability Aug. 10, 1863. 
Charles J. Colson, enl. Oct. Xi, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John H. Evarts, enl. Nov. 30, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Ueorge F. Gould, enl. Oct. U, 1S62. Disch. June 19, 1865. 
James Hervey, enl. Oct. 16, I8(H. Disch. for disability Oct 38, 1SU3. 
Lymau S. Hodges, enl. Dec. 8, 1862. Disch. tor disability June 20, 1863. 
Jonas Heckert, enl. Nov. 27, 1862. Disch. from Hosp. June 16, 1865. 
James Lindeman, enl. Oct. 22, 1862. Promoted to Corp. Died in Hosp. 

at Knoxville, Tenn., Nov. 2, 1863. 
William Long, enl. Dec. 8, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George Manchester, enl. Oct. 8, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Daniel McSwan, enl. Oct. 'i.\ 1862. Disch. from Hosp. June 16, 1.S65. 
Milton McFarland, enl. Oct. 25, 1862. Promoted to Sergt. May :30, 18ti3, 

and to 1st Sergt. Feb. 18, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John Mahony, enl. Oct. 21, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Josiah Ogle, enl. Oct. 18, 1862. Disch. for disability Nov. 20, 18<y. 
James Parker, enl. Oct. 17, 1862. Disch. from Hosp. June l.">, 186.5. 
Wesley Summers, enl. Oct 21, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
William Sinclair, enl. Oct. 30, 1862. Disch. from Hosp. Jlay 2il. 1X65. 
Nathan W . Tomlinson, enl. Oct. 10, 1862. Promoted to in the U. S. 

Col. Heavy Art. Aug. 17, 18«>l. 
John G. Washburn, enl. Oct. 16, 1862. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Elbanan Winchester, enl. Jan . 34, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Charles CoUister, enl. Sept. 19, 1863. Mustered out with the Battery. 
George W. Broukins, enl. Aug. 16, 18&4. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Loren Call, enl. Aug. 16, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Benjamin M. Curtis, enl. Aug. 13, 1801. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Elijah W. Curtis, enl. Aug. 15, 186). Mustered out with the Battery. 
Samuel B. Champlin, enl. Aug. 15, WA. Mustered out with the Battery. 
P. N. Curtis, enl. Aug 12, 18(M. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Warren W. Ely, enl. Aug, 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Tliontas W. Fowler, enl. .\ug. 15, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Trumbull Granger, enl. Aug, 12, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Thomas Mackey, enl. .\ug. 12. 1861. Mustered out with the Batterj-. 
E/.ekiel Nichols, enl, Aug. 1-3, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Abraham J. Phelps, enl. Aug. 26, 1864. Mustered out with the Battery. 
S|>encer Phelps, enl. Aug. 19, 18G4. Mustered out with the Battery. 
John II. Collistcr, enl. Sept. 2, 1864. Disch. from Hosp. May 18. 1865. 

TWENTY-FIFTH BATTERY. 

This originated in a detail made by Gen. Blunt in 
August, 18(>'.2, from the Second Ohio Cavalry, for 
temporary artillery service in Kansas and the Indian 



Territoryj and called by him the Third Kansas Bat- 
tery. It had a sharp fight with Texaus and Indians 
at Newton ia. Mo., on the >JOtli of Sejitember, and 
another on the 4th of October, in which the enemy 
was comi)letely defeated. In November aud Decem- 
ber following, it took an active jiart in the battles of 
Kane Hill, Prairie Grove and Van Buren. In return- 
ing to Missouri it crossed White river by means of 
shooting an empty case-shot across the roaring stream, 
with a line attached, by which an improvised ferry- 
boat could be worked over. 

In January, 1803, the detail was transmuted, by an 
order from the war department, into the Twenty-fifth 
Ohio battery. 

During the spring and foi'epart of the summer it 
served in Missouri; moving into Arkansas in July, 
and having several severe conflicts in August and 
September before arriving at Little Rock. 

In January, 1804, one hundred and twelve men 
out of a hundred and twenty-nine re-enlisted. After 
their veteran furlough they returned to duty in Ar- 
kansas, where they remained until the autumn of 
1805. The battery was discharged at Columbus on 
the 13th of December, in that year. 

MEMBERS FROM CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 

Darius R. Baldwin, enl. Feb. 29, 1804. Mustered out with Battery, Dec. 

13, 1.865. 
A. F. Fhnt, enl. Feb. 23, 1861. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Addison Lockwood, enl. April 13, 18(»4. Mustered out with the Battery. 
Robert Scanlon, enl. Feb, 18, 181U. Mustered out with the Battery, 
William C, Farrell, enl, Feb, 29, 1864. Disch. for disability Oct. 25, 1S64. 
Edward H. Pritchard, enl. March '^, 1864. Mustered out June 6, 1S65. 

The^foUowing were transferred from the Fifth Cavalry in January, 
].s*j3, with which regiment their records may be found: Francis A. 
Thayer, David V. Bell, Walter D. Barker, Henry W, Gage, Edwin Kin- 
nicutt, Luzerne W, Kelley, Henry Mead, Webster K. Nye, William Van 
Ornian, Thomas Scott, George W. Pollock, Gilbert J. Doolittle, Zina J. 
Buck, Elmer Breurr, William Christie, George Davis. Thomas Dodd, 
Patrick Dunn, George B. Hammond, John Olds, Nathan E. I'eufleld, 
Alex. C. Ruple, Henry Stuyesau, Wm. Fesshaupt. 

FIFTH UNITED STATES COLORED INFANTRY. 

.Mtliough this regiment was raised under the direct 
authority of the United States, yet it was entirely re- 
cruited in Ohio; and as it had a representation of fifteen 
members from Cuyahoga, it should receive mention in 
our work, though, from its being the only Unitetl 
Stales regiment noticed, it is somewhat difficult to 
locate it. It was begun in the summer of 1803 a.s the 
One Hundred and Twenty-seventh Ohio Infantry. 
Recruiting was slow, however, till the new organiza- 
tion received the sanction of the national authorities, 
and was transformed into the Fiftli United States 
Colored Infantry. 

In November, 18G3, it went to Virginia with nine 
companies; the tenth joining during the winter. The 
next month it was engaged in an important raid into 
North Carolina, and behaved well in its first fight. 
After being encamped at Yorktown until May, 1804, 
it went up the James river with Gen. Butler. On the 
loth of June the Fifth, with the colored division, 
stormed the hights before Petersburg; eliciting the 
applause of Gen. W. F. ("Baldy") Smith, an old 



188 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



regular officer, certainly uot iirejudiced in their favor. 
On the 29th of September the Fifth, with two other 
colored regiments, stormed and carried the rebel 
works on New Market Hights under extremely ad- 
verse circumstances. During the day's fighting the 
regiment suffered the terrific loss of three hundred 
and forty-two killed and wounded, out of five hundred 
and fifty-nine. 

It subsequently took part in the capture of Fort 
Fisher and Fort Anderson, North Carolina, and re- 
mained in service in that State until September, 1865; 
being discharged at Columbus on the 5th of October 
following. 

ilEMlSEKS FKOM UUYAUUUA I'OUNTY. 

COMPANY B. 

William A. Carter, enl. Aug. 8, 18M. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 30, 1805. 
Jefferson Pinkney, enl. Aug. 17, 1864. Wounded Feb. aO, 1865. 

COMPANY F. 

James Alexander, enl. Sept. 8, 186:1 Mustered out with Co. Sept. 80, 1863. 
William Salisbury, enl. Sept. 8, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George W. Hamilton, enl. Sept. 7, 1863. Died at Fortress Monroe. Nov. 
3,1864. 

COMPANY I. 

John H. Harris, enl. Oct. 18, 18(a. Mustered out with Co. Sept. 30, J865. 
William A. Mott, enl. Aug. 18, 1863. Died at Yorktown, Va., March 10, 

1864. 

COMPANY K. 

John Simpson, enr. as Corp. Nov. 34, 1863. Wounded Sept. 3S, 1864. 

Mustered out with the Co. Sept. 80, 1865. 
John Burke, enr. as Corp. Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
Ransom Bennett, enl. Dec. 34, 186:S. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Bowman, enl. Dec. 34, 186:J. Mustered out with the Co. 
Lenis Jackson, enl. Dec. M, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
George Johnson, enl. Dec. 1 1, 186:j. Mustered out with the Co. 
Wilham Sley, enl. Dec. 35, 1863. Mustered out with the Co. 
John Jackson, enl. Dec. 34, 1863. Disch. May 39, 1SC5. 



CHAPTER XXXVII. 

THE PRESS. 

Reason for Placing it in General History— Extraordinary Number of 
Cleveland Journals— .V Newspaper Graveyard — Successful Journals— 
Our System— The First Newspajier in the County — The Oldest Survivor 
— The Advertiser — The Wlii^- Tlie Messenger— Ohio City Argus— Daily 
Gazette— The Liberalist — The Journal— Commercial Intelligencer— 
The Axe — A Log Cabin Scene- A Paper of One Issue— The Agitator— 
A Bad Year for Newspapers— The News and The Palladium— The Eagle- 
Eyed News-Catcher— The Mercury— The Guide and the Gatherer- 
Journalism under Difficulties at Chagrin Falls— The Farmers* and 
Mechanics' Journal— Two Campaign Papers— Spirit of Freedom— La- 
bour— True Kindred— Independent Politician- A Millerite Journal- 
Ohio American — The Times— Universalist and Literary Companion- 
Reserve Battery — Spirit of Freedom— Jledical Examiner — Temple of 
Honor— Spirit of the Lakes— Family Visitor— Its Contributors— Its 
Useful Character— Cleveland Commercial— American Advertiser— The 
Harpoon — School Bo.y— Golden Rule— Forest City— Annals of Science 
— American Magazine— New American Magazine— Commercial Ga- 
zette—The Germania— Spiritual Universe— Daily Review— Buckeye 
Democrat^National Democrat— Wool Growers" Reporter— The Agita- 
tor — The Analyst — Dodge's Literary Museum— The Vanguard— W^est- 
ern Law Monthly— Daily Dispatch— Effect of the War— Fewer Period- 
icals— Re^^val after the War— German Democrat- Christian Standard 
— Ohio Cultivator— Temperance Era— American SpirituaUst — Printing 
Gazette— Prohibition Era— Real Estate Recorder- Real Estate Journal 
— The Pokrok— Mechanics' and Blacksmiths' Journal— Coopers' Jour- 
nal— The Illustrated Bazaar— House and Garden— The Hygiena— Ober- 
lin New Era— The Pulpit^-Sontagsblatt-Cross and Crown- The Co- 
lumbia — Celtic Index- Linndale Enterprise— Our Youth— The Trio- 
Only Seven in a Year— Cuyahoga County Blade— Household Treasure 
— Irish National Magazine— The Indicator— Little Ones at Home- 
Maria Hilf— Pictorial World— Delnicke Liste— Labor Advance —House- 
hold Gem — Pleasure and Profit- W'est Side Sentinel — The Lantern — 



Living Papers— The Herald— The Plain Dealer— The Leader — Ohio 
Farmer— Waechter am Erie— The Publishing House of the Evangeli- 
cal Association— The Periodicals Published there — Reformed Church 
Publications- Brainard's Musical World— German Baptist Publications 
and Publishing Society —Trade Review— Berea Advertiser— Locomotive 
Engineer's Journal — Sunday Voice — Cleveland Anzeiger — Die Bieue — 
Standard of the Cross— Christian Harvester — Home Comi)anion — 
South Cleveland Advocate— Earnest Worker— Cathohc Universe— Cha- 
grin Falls Exponent — Sunday Morning Times— Evening Times— The 
Advance — Dennice Novoveku — Law Reporter— Hardware Reporter- 
One Cent Weekly— Penny Press — The Sentinel. 

ALTHortJH the newspapers and other periodicals 
of the county have nearly all been published at Cleve- 
land, yet they have circulated in every section of the 
county and far outside of its limits; and, in fact, in 
the early days had a much larger circulation outside 
than inside the limits of the corporation. Moreover, 
journalism is an institution of such a general nature, 
and deals so largely with the wider interests of man- 
kiud, that it seems much the most proper to make 
the story of its progress a part of the general histurv 
of the county. 

It is extremely difficult to give a detailed account 
of the press of Cuyahoga county; for, however great 
may have been the tendency in other growing cities 
to set on foot Journalistic enterprises which were un- 
able to survive the storms of this rude world, we are 
convinced that Cleveland decidedly exceeds all its 
rivals of similar size in this respect. In its historic 
field the newspaper graveyard fills no inconsiderable 
space. Unfortunately, moreover, in most cases there 
were not enough assets left to raise a tombstone tell- 
ing the dates of the birth and death of the dear de- 
parted. Too often, indeed, the mourners neglected 
to perform even the rite of sejiulture, leaving the 
sheriff to place tlie wasted body in the grave which 
they themselves never desired to look upon, and 
which not the most desperate resurrectionists ever 
sought to violate. Their names alone remain as a tra- 
dition in the memories of surviving contemporaries, 
and sometimes even the name lias faded away, leaving 
but a vague recollection of some journalistic firelly 
whose light lias forever expired. 

On the otlier hand, in few, if any, places of like 
size have labor, capital and enterprise built up pajjcrs 
of more commanding influence, or longer continued 
prosperity. Some of these date back from three to 
six decades ; others are of a later era but have already 
established themselves upon firm ground. 

Of all these surviving members of the journalistic 
family it is comparatively easy to obtain separate ac- 
counts ; but the defunct papers are so numerous and 
many of them were so short-lived that it is hardly 
practicable to furnish separate sketches of them. We 
have therefore concluded to give a brief general his- 
tory of journalism in this county, showing its pro- 
gress, and alluding at more or less length to those 
pa})ers which have passed away, so far as they are 
known ; following tliis by separate sketches of all the 
papers now in existence. 

As before stated the first paper published in the 
county was the Cleveland Gazette and Commercial 
Register, which made its first appearance on the 31st 



M 



THE TRESS. 



189 



d;iy of July, 1818. It was issued weekly — when cir- 
cunistiuiues permitted. When circumstances were un- 
kind, intervals of from ten days to two weeks inter- 
vened between the issues, and even this precarious 
existence ceased tlie same year or early in the next. 

In October, 1810, the first number of the Cleve- 
land Ill-raid was issued; a paper which has maintained 
a continued existence till the present time, and which 
is now not only the oldest paper in the county, but 
ouo of the oldest iu the State — in fact there are but 
few in the whole country which antedate it. A sketch 
of its career is given farther on. 

The Ifendd occupied the journalistic field without 
a rival for no less tliau thirteen years; at least, after 
careful inipiiry, we are unable to learn of any other 
newspaper in the county until 1832. At that time the 
llvrahl began to veer toward Democracy, or Jackson- 
ianisin as it was more commonly called in those days, 
and a number of the leading Whigs of Cleveland went 
to work to establish a more thorough exponent of 
their party doctrines. They persuaded the late Madi- 
son Kelley to undertake the task, and in 1832 that 
gentleman established the Advertiser as an organ of 
the Whig party. Hon. John W. Allen wrote the 
salutatory editorial iu the first number. Yet in tiie 
miitatious of politics the Advertiser was afterwards 
transmuted into that decisively Democratic paper, 
the Plain Dealer, while the Herald became a thor- 
ough champion of Whiggery. 

On the 20th day of August, 183-4, the Cleveland 
117/(7/ was established by Ilice & Penniman. It ex- 
isted, as near as we can learn, about two years. It 
was followed in May 1836, by the Cleveland Messenger, 
the founders of which were Messrs. Beck & Tuttle. 
It became defunct in less than a year. The same 
month saw the establishment of the Ohio City Anjus 
on the west side, by T. H. Smead and Lyman W. 
Hall. It was Wiiiggish in its tendencies, though not 
extremely partisan. Its first number was issued on 
the 20th of May, 1830. In the same year Mr. Hall 
withdrew, and Mr. Smead (still a compositor in Cleve- 
land) acted for a time as both publisher and editor. 
Ill the forepart of 1838 the name was changed to tliu 
Ohio City Transcrijd, and the aid of Mr. Ilill w:is 
iilitained, who acted as editor until the suspension of 
tiu; paper in 183'.). 

In the summer of 1830, also, the Cleveland Dailii 
<!(i-.elte was founded by Charles Whittlesey, Es(|., 
now the well-known Colonel Whittlesey. This paper 
had but a brief separate existence, but it did not die ; 
it was married. In March, 1837, it was united to the 
/feruld; the consolidated pai)er being issued for sev- 
eral years as the JJaili/ Herald and (lazette. 

Another venture of 1830 w;is the Cleveland Liher- 
(ilist, the first number of which was issued on the 
liith day of September, in that year, by Dr. Samuel 
Underbill, editor and proj)rietor. It was a small 
weekly, and advocated what its editor called free 
thought, but which most people designated as infidel- 
ity. There seems to have been a considerable skep- 



tical element in Cleveland at an early day, for a 
place of its size, but there was not enough to supjwrt 
a weekly organ, for the Liberalist expired during the 
following year. 

On the other hand there was a religious organ 
(Presbyterian) established at Cleveland as early as 
1830. It was called the Cleveland Journal, and in 
1837 was published by John M. Sterling, Samuel C. 
Aikin and A. Penfield. Its editor was Rev. 0. 1'. 
Hoyt. A little later it was united with the Ohio 
Observer, then located at Hudson. The consolidated 
paper was published at Cleveland, under the name of 
the Cleveland Observer. In 18-iO it was moved back 
to Hudson, where it resumed the name of O/iio Ob- 
server. 

The Dailji Coinmerrial Intelligencer was born in 
1838; its sponsor being Benjamin Andrews. The only 
record opposite its infant name is " Died out." 

During the celebrated Harrison campaign of 1840, 
a small campaign paper of five columns called The 
Axe, was published from the 23d of April until 
after election. It was of course devoted to the cause 
of Harrison, who was suj)ported by an immense ma- 
jority of the voters of the Western Reserve. The 
top of its first page was adorned with a log cabin 
covered with a "shake" roof, sujiposed to represent 
the dwelling of the popular old Indian-fighter. 

Wc believe the shortest-lived of all the many short- 
lived Cleveland newspapers was one of which even 
the name is in doubt. A person who is described as 
a "Quaker Whig," projected a journal in 1840, to be 
called either the Christian Statesman or the Chris- 
tian W/iir/, it is not certain which. A solitary num- 
ber appeared under one of those names, and that 
was both the beginning and the end of what was evi- 
dently intended to be the regenerator of Cuyahoga 
politics. Almost as brief was the career of the Cleve- 
land Aiiitalor, a weekly anti-slavery sheet which came 
into existence in 1840, and went out of existence the 
same year. 

The year 1841 was a remarkably good time for giv- 
ing birth to newspapers, and a remarkably poor one 
for keeping tiiem alive. No less than three i)asse(l 
from the cradle to the grave during that single twelve- 
month, besides two others, the time and term of whose 
existence is not exactly known. The Daily Mornimj 
News was a neutral sheet established in 1841 by George 
Mortimer Shippen. "Died the same year." Tlic 
J'alladiinn of Liliertij was an anti-slavery weekly 
edited by the Rev. Mr. Butts. A brief trial demon- 
strated that suHicient support could not be obtained, 
and liberty was left without its palladium. "Diud 
the same year." The very peculiar title of The Kaijle- 
Eijed News-Catcher \iii& ^i\(in by David L. Wood to 
another venture (daily) of 1841, but though it might 
catch the news, it couldn't catch the money; and the 
Ea<jle-Eijcd soon closed its piercing orbs in everlast- 
ing sleep. "Dieil the same year." 

The Dailij Murnin;/ Mercuri/, owned and edited by 
Calvin Hall, was probably established in 1841, and 



190 



GENEEAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



certainly departed this life in that eventful year. 
The Mothers^ and Young Ladies' (ruidc, edited by 
Mrs. M. M. Herrick, was a monthly publication 
which had a brief existence about the same period. 

Passing to the year 1842, we find the Cleveland 
Gatherer (weekly) coming into existence under the 
management of E. B. Fisher, and maintaining itself 
until 184:-!, when it Avas gathered to its predecessors; 
being rather a long-lived journal for that period. 

The first effort to have a newspaper in Cuyahoga 
county, outside of Cleveland, was at the euterprising 
village of Chagrin Falls. In 1843, when the village 
w;is but eight years old, C. T. Blakeslee and John 
Brainard (the latter afterwards a professor of chemis- 
try in Cleveland, and examiner of patents at Wash- 
ington), undertook to establish a newspaper. They 
bought a hundred dolhirs worth of type on credit, and 
made with their owu hands every thing else necessary 
for their purpose, including the press. The latter 
was not, perhaps, very beautiful, but it was used for 
years to print a newspaper. Tlie proprietors called 
their production the Farmers' and Mechanics' 
Juiirnalj the first number being issued in August of 
the year above named. 

Immediately afterwards Mr. Blakeslee sold out to 
Hiram E. Calkins, who, in about eight months, dis- 
posed of his interest to M. S. Barnes. In the summer 
of 1844 Brainard and Barnes sold to H. G. Whipple, 
who undertook to make a Democratic campaign paper 
of the Journal. His forenum (the late proprietor, 
Barnes), however, iu Whipple's absence, substituted 
a Whig ticket and editorial. Barnes, of course, was 
dismissed. He then bought a press and established 
a Wliig campaign paper. The rival journals botli 
died iifter election. 

To conclude the story of early journalism at 
Chagrin Falls, the next year M. P. Doolittle and H. 
E. Calkins started a paper named the Spirit of Free- 
dom, which expired the same autumu. Afterwards a 
publication called Labour was carried on by the 
" Labouring Men's Association." The undertaking, 
liowever, proved more laborious than profitable, and 
w;is given up; Mr. and Mrs. E. H. Sanford becoming 
the owners of the press. In January, 1850, Mrs. 
Sanford began the publication of a monthly, esjieci- 
ally intended for women, called True Kindred. At 
the end of five moutlis this was changed to the 
Independent Politician (weekly) edited by Mr. San- 
ford. Ere long this, too, was discontiuued, and 
thenceforth there were no more journalistic efforts at 
Cliagrin Falls until the fouudiug of the Chagrin 
F.cponent, as narrated fartlier on. 

To return to Cleveland — in 1843 the Second Advent- 
ist was established by some of the believers in Father 
Miller, who was prophesying the end of the world in 
April, 1844, and who had quite a considerable follow- 
ing in Cleveland. The publisher was T. H. Smead. 
This could not, in the nature of things, have been 
expected to be a permanent accession to journalism. 
Its only inspiration was the near approach of death. 



and when the world failed to ignite at the appointed 
time, the newspaper had nothing left to live for. 

The Ohio American was established in 1844; being 
the earliest of the journals which, after various 
changes and consoldiations, became the present 
Leader. 

At that time, also, a paper called the Declaration 
of Indej)endence began its career — with T. H. Smead 
as publisher and Quintus F. Atkins as editor. It 
was strongly anti-slavery, and supported Birney, the 
abolition candidate for the presidency. It suspended 
after the close of the campaign. 

In 1845 the. Cleveland Weckli/ 7Y/rtes was established 
by Peter Baxter, with Horace Steele as editor. It 
was merged in the Plain Dealer in 1848. The Ohio 
Univeralist and Literary Companion (weekly), a 
small craft with a top-heavy title, was also launched 
on the journalistic stream in 1845, under the guid- 
ance of C. W. Hudson, publisher, and George H. 
Emerson, editor; only to be stranded about 1847. 
The True Democrat was established at Olmstead Falls 
in 1847. (See sketch of the Leader.) 

For two or three years after 1845 there seems to 
have been an abatement of the mania for starting 
newspapers, but in 1848 it broke out again, as danger- 
ous as ever. One of the new issues of that year was 
only intended for temporary use, and doubtless ful- 
filled its purposes. This was the Peserve Battertj, a 
Taylor campaign (weekly), published by J. A. Harris 
from the 20th of July until after election. Tlie 
viguette represented Gen. Taylor directing the firing 
of a battery of artillery at a group of enemies, among 
whom Gen. Cass is the most prominent who throws 
up his hands and protests against the "noise and 
confusion" which prevails. 

The Spirit of Freedom was founded in that 3'ear 
by certain gentlemen who are vaguely designated as 
" Law Reformers," but it had not enough tlesh and 
blood enough for this practical world, and it fled to 
brighter climes after a very brief sojourn. Tlie 
Xoithern Ohio Medical Examiner (monthly), born 
the same 3'ear, represented auother leading profession, 
but it, too, soon passed away. 

The Temple of Honor was the organ of the order 
of Sons of Temperance, and though we cannot as- 
certain the exact dates, yet it was probably founded 
about 1850, and died after a year or two of high- 
minded but poorly fed existence. The Spirit of the 
Lakes Avas a journal of the same period published by 
the Western Seaman's Friend Society (Rev. R. H. 
Leonard, editor), for the benefit of the sailors on the 
lakes, which performed its beueficent labor nearly six 
yeai'S. In its latter days it was known as the Spirit 
of the Lakes and Boatmen's Peporfer; having 
absorbed auother journal started with the same object. 
Perhaps the weight of the title sunk it. 

Another new journal of 1850 was the Fa mill/ 
Visitor (weekly), the first number of which was is- 
sued on the 3d of January in that j'ear, under the 
supervision of J. P. Kirtland, S. St. John and 0. H. 



THE TRESS. 



101 



Kiiapp. As its name implied, it was intended especi- 
;illy for the home circle, and was really a very desir- 
able paper. Every number contained illiistra^ted ar- 
ticles on natural history, usually contributed by Pro- 
fessor Kirtlandor Charles Whittlesey, Esq. On the 
'.)lh of May in the same year, it appeared with the 
heading " published at Cleveland and Hudson." The 
pul)lication of this useful journal was continued until 
1S.")S, when it went down under the stress of "hard 
limes." 

The princijiai contribution of the yeai' 1S53 to the 
list of ephemeral publications was the Ckveland Vuin- 
iiirrrinl, a neutral weekly, founded by lline and Cul- 
laton. It subsequently passed into the hands of H. 
M. Addison, advocating the cause of morality, edu- 
cation, temperance and equal rights for four years, 
and then ceased to exist — perhaps because those vir- 
tues had become so well established that a special 
champion was no longer necessary. 

^[r. Addison seems to have had a remarkable pro- 
clivity and facility for establishing 7iewspapers, for 
I be records show that in 1853 he founded two, both 
devoted to temperance. Probably, however, the first, 
the American Ailvniiscr, merely changed its name, 
assuming the name of the Harjioon, under which fe- 
rocious title it struck terror into the whales of evil at 
a dollar a year for about four years, when it lost its 
hold and sank to rise no more. 

The Srliool Boy was for a short period edited by 
the students of the higli school aud jiublishcd by P. 
0. McGillicuddy; closing its career in 1855 or 1856. 
The (rol(/en Rule, a religious, temperance, anti-sla- 
very, anti-tobacco monthly, published by D. M. Ide 
and edited by D. P. Newton, flourished for three or 
four years and was moved to Mansfield about 1856. 

The Daily and Weekly Forent Citij set out on the 
career of journalism as an advocate of "PreeSoil" 
princij)les in 1S53, but was united with the True 
Demorral the next year, as stated in the sketch of the 
Lentler. 

The Airnals of Scietire was a semi-monthly sheet, 
published by Hamilton S. Smith, which had a brief 
existence sometime between 1853 and 1855. The 
American Mdijazine, a Homeopathic and Hydropathic 
monthly, has a similar history, but lasted somewhat 
longer, dying about 1856. The Xctv American May- 
(izine, of which B. K. Maltby was the editor, was a 
monthly devoted to the interests of education, and its 
period of existence corresponded (piitc closely with 
that of its llomo'o-hydropathie contemporary. 

The Clevelaiiil Cominerrial Gazctle, devoted entirely 
to market reports and other commercial nuittei', was 
founded by E. Cowles & Co., the proprietors of the 
Leader, in 1850, and was continued until 1808. 

The second (ierman ncwsj)aper in Cleveland was 
the (rcrmania, which was established in 1850, and 
had a prosperous career for nearly twenty years, but 
linally disappeared in 1875. The lipiriluul Uuirerxe, 
which began its career in 1857, enjoyed a year or so of 
delicate existence, and tlicn diqiartcd to liic spirit 



world. The Daily Revieiv, published by Spear, Den- 
nison & Morrison, and edited by H. H. Johnson, was 
born in 1857 and lasted till the first years of the war. 

The Buch-eyc Dcmocrai sprang into existence in 
1859, and dropped out of existence in 1800, though 
its place was taken by the National Democrat, which 
was established by C. B. Plood in 1860 and departed 
this life in 1860. A publication founded in 185!) 
which attained somewhat more of permanence, was 
the Wool Growers' Rejwrter, a monthly founded by 
Andrew Meader, and devoted as its name implies to 
tha wool raising interest. Afterwards its scope was 
widened to embrace the wool-manufacturing interest, 
its name being changed to the Wool Grower and \fan- 
nfactiirer. Under this title it endured till the close 
of the war. 

The year 1850 aiul the forcjjart of 1800 were espe- 
cially distinguished by an outbreak of new publica- 
tions. There were the Ayitatnr, a temperance and 
anti-slavery publication, of which Mrs. H. P. M. 
Brown was editor and proprietor, and which hardly 
lasted through the last named year; the Analyst, of 
J. A. Spencer & Co., which barely survived the next 
one; Dodge's Literary Museum, issued by the cele- 
brated Ossian E. Dodge, which lived about two years; 
and the Vanyuard, a skeptical weekly which owned 
the triple editorship of William Denton, Alfred 
Cridge and Anna Denton Cridge, but which went to 
the rear after a very brief conllict with the dangers of 
Cleveland journalism. Of more solid character, but 
of scarcely more tenacity of life was the Western Law 
Moiitlily of Hayden, King and Elwell, which em- 
braced the names of lion. II. P. Ranney as super- 
vising editor of the code department, and of J. J. 
Elwell aud M. A. King as assistant editors. It closed 
its career in 1860. Most fragile of all was the Daily 
Dispatch, published by an association of printers, 
which saw but four brief moons of 1860 wax and wane 
ere the chilly hand of death was laid upon its infant 
brow. 

The Gleaner, a literary weekly which was set on 
foot in the beginning of 1801, closed its career within 
a year. In fact, the war, which broke out in 1861, 
though it increased the demand for news, and doubt- 
less increased the prosperity of the well-established 
jouriuUs devoted prineii)ally to the news, seemed to 
have a very depressing effect on the ambition of ad- 
ventures into the journalistic field, and so far, as we 
can learn, not a single new periodical (unless we ex- 
(!opt Brainard's Musical World) was established in 
Cleveland during the continuance of the rebellion. 
Not oidy that, but the old ones of tlie chiss of the 
Analyst, the Literary Musevm, etc., dropped ofl" 
until in 1803 there were only the Herald, I'lain 
Dealer, Leader, Ohio Farmer, Waechter am Eric. 
Germntiia, Wool Grower and MannJ'acturer, and the 
German religious papers. 

After the war the business of newspa])er fonndmg 
began to revive; the first of the new set being the Ger- 
man hrmiicrat, which ajipeared in ls05. This, how- 



193 



GENiERAL HISTORY Ot' CtlYAflOGA COtTNTY. 



ever, found tlie field fully occupied, and retired in 
the course of a year. 

Ere long the newspaper nursery was again in full 
bloom. Besides a number of journals which have 
survived to the present time, and of which separate 
sketches are subsequently given, there were the Chris- 
tian Standard, established by the Christian Publish- 
ing Association in ISCO, with Rev. Isaac Errett as 
editor, which lasted but two years; the Ohio Ciilti- 
viitor (monthly), published at the office of the Ohio 
Farmer for a brief period beginning in 1800; the 
Temperance Era (weekly), of which J. A. Spencer 
was the editor, which appeared in 1870 and disaji- 
peared within a year; the Ohio SpiritiiaJist (weekly), 
which was first put forth by the American Sj)iritualist 
Publishing Company in 1S70. and which niaintaiticd 
itself for three years. 

Passing on to 1871, wo lind the Printing Gazette, 
(monthly,) coming to life in that year, and departing 
from life in the next. In 1872 the Prohibition Era 
of A. T. Proctor took the place of Mr. Spencer's 
Temperance Era, and lasted four years; the Neto 
Era of E. C. Parker & Co. was begun, but never 
became an old era; and the Real Estate Recorder of 
H. S. Herr also entered the field, to be crowded out 
within a twelve-month. It was succeeded by the 
Real Estate Journal of J. N. Bebout, which survived 
until 1877. Of more tenacious papers established 
during that year, were the Pokrok of F. B. Zdrubek, 
the first Bohemian paper in the city, which wjus pub- 
lished until 1878; the Mechanics' and Blacksinifhs' 
Journal of John Fehrenbatch, which also lasted until 
1878, and the Coopers' Joarnnl of M. A. Foran, which 
had a somewhat briefer existence. 

It will be borne in mind all the while that we are 
now giving only obituary notices of the deceased; the 
living newspapers will be found further on. 

Proceeding to the spring of 1873, one learns for the 
first time of the existence of Cleveland's Illustrated 
Bazaar, a gay occupant of the field whicii withered 
under, the frost of the succeeding winter; of the 
House and Garden of G. E. Blakelee, which lived 
two years, part of the time under the management of 
M. J. Lawrence; of the Cleveland //////(Vw«, published 
by Dr. Libby for three years; of the Oberlin Xeir 
Era, by the same proprietor, which could not live 
one 5'ear in this uncongenial atmosphere; of the 
Cleveland Pulpit, edited by E. B. RafFensperger, 
from which came the sound of good tidings for less 
than two years. 

By the light of another year (1874) we look upon 
the fleeting forms of the Cleveland Sontayshlatt (Sun- 
day paper), edited by Julius Kurzer; of the Cross and 
Croian, edited by Lawrence VV. Tatum, which sur- 
vived but a twelvemonth; of the Columhia, edited 
by Joseph Killian, which survived until the close of 
the year last past; of the Celtic Index, edited by the 
Rev. Dr. Quinn; of the Linndale Enterprise, of Wm. 
W. Robinson, which was too enterprising to live more 
than a twelvemonth; of Our J'o?//// whicli reached the 



end of its days ere three hundred and sixty-five of 
them were numbered, and of the Trio which attained 
but a little longer life — only seven new papers, all 
tolil. The fact that this was the climax of the hard 
times accounts for there not being a larger number. 

The Cuifahoya County Blade, published at New- 
burg by L. A. Woodward; the Ilousehnld Treasure 
of Waite and Meyel; and the Irish National Magazine 
of W. J. Nicholson, were the contributions of 1875 to 
the list of Cleveland periodicals. The first suspended 
iniblieation in a year, its place being taken by the 
Democratic Sunday Blade which expired a twelve- 
month later; while the second and tJiird were wrecked 
in 1870. 

"Come like shadows, so depart." Five more en- 
tered the lists in 1870 (possibly some of them in the 
latter part of '75); the Indicator, published by S. W. 
Crowell & Co.; the Little Ones at Home, by M. A. 
Beebc; the Maria Hilf, of which J. II. Renfert was 
the editor; the Pictorial World, managed by E. J. 
Farmer; and the Delnicke Lisle (Workingmen's 
News). The first, third and fourth disappeared the 
following year, while the second and fifth lasted a 
twelvemonth longer. 

The only new venture recorded in 1877 was the 
Sunday Post, whicli was absorbed in the Voice the 
following year. The journalistic adventures of 1878, 
which have already come to an end, include the 
Household Gem and Pleasure and Profit. The West 
Side Sentinel {not the pi'esent Sentinel) and the Lan- 
tern, have come and gone during the present year. 
So also has the State, an anti-Qatholic sheet, which 
began life about the first of February and closed in 
June. 

We have thus very brief!}' summarized the departed 
periodicals of Cleveland. Possibly a few of them may 
have escaped our attention, but this could hardly be 
avoided under the circumstances. We presume our 
readers will be satisfied with the number of those 
whose births and deaths have been thus recorded. 
We now proceed to submit sketches of those whicli 
are still upon earth, and most of which seem likely to 
make that their habitation for many years to come. 

THE CLEVELAND HERALD. 

The oldest newspaper in Cleveland is the Herald, 
the history of which dates back to 1819. With the 
exception of a small sheet, started the previous year 
and published irregularly for a short time, the Herald 
was the first to occupy the newspaper field in Cleve- 
land. It was started as a weekly in the year al>ove 
mentioned, the publishers being Z. Willes & Co., and 
for some time hold the field alone. In the summer 
of lS:i0 the first daily newspaper was i.ssued by Mr. 
Whittlesey, under the name of the Gazette, but on 
the 22d of March, 1837, it was united with the Herald 
and published as the Daily Herald and Gazette, the 
proprietors being Whittlesey and Hull. Soon after 
the consolidation Mr. Hull disposed of his interest to 
Josiah A. Harris, and after awhile Mr. Whittlesey also 



THE TRE.S.S. 



193 



retired and Mr. Harris became sole i)roi}rietor of the 
lln-(thl. At that time the total population of Cleve- 
1:111(1, on both sides of the river, was about six thou- 
s;md, and the business outlook very dark. But the 
llrrahl secured a firm hold of the people by its enter- 
jirise, aliility and unflagging devotion to principle, 
characteristics which it has retained throughout its 
history. 

In ISfiO a part interest was sold to A. W. Fair- 
banks, wiio assumed charge of the publishing depart- 
ment and added a job ollice, and in tlie spring of 
1853 George A. Benedict became one of the partners 
and editors. At the close of the war of tiie rebellion 
Mr. Harris retired from tiie paper, leaving the owner- 
ship to Fairbanks, Benedict & Co., Mr. Benedict 
being the editor-in-cJiicf. In the intervening time 
between tlie commencement and close of Mr. Harris' 
connection with the paper, the Herald had grown 
from a weak, struggling sheet, to a journal of large 
circulation and commanding influence, and it had 
prospered so greatly that, instead of being printed on 
a press it did not own, it was the owner of a large 
building completely stocked with powerful presses 
and materials, and emplo^'ed a large force. In 1876, 
Mr. Benedict died, and towards the close of that year 
liis interest in the establishment was purchased by 
Mr. Fairbanks, who thus became sole owner. 

Near the end of 1877 the Herald was sold to Messrs. 
Richard C. Parsons and William Perry Fogg, and the 
Herald Publishing Comjiany formed, with Mr. Par- 
sons as editor-in-chief and Mr. Fogg as president of 
the company and business manager. With the ad- 
vent of the new management fresh life was infused 
into the old and favorite newspaper, and it took its 
place among the foremost and most widely known 
journals of the country. Its circulation is large, and 
its influence great. The Daily Herald is issued 
morning and evening, there being three regular edi- 
tions of the evening issue, and there are also tri-wcekly 
and weekly editions with heavy circulations. The staff 
of editors, reporters, telegrapliic correspondents, and 
paid contributors is large and composed of the best 
material, no paper of its rank being better appointed 
in tliis respect. The politics of the Herald was Whig 
until the death of that party. It was the first paper 
in the Ihiion to hoist the name of Fremont for Presi- 
<ient, before his nomination by the first Republican 
national convention, and since that time has always 
been an advocate of Republican principles. Under 
its present management it is noted for its vigorous 
and able advocacy of true republicanism, its staunch 
patriotism, and its fearless criticism of men and 
measures, wlictlier in connection with politics or other 
subjei-ls. 

THE CI.EVKI.ANI) PLAIN DEALKK. 

In lS34Canfield & Spencer purchased tlie Cleve- 
land Adrer/iser of W. Woodward. They continued 



its publication as a Democratic weekly paper until 
1836, when they transformed it into a daily. J. W. 
and A. N. Gray bought the paper in 1841 and changed 
its name to the Plain Dealer. J. W. Gray managed 
the editorial department, and he was not long in 
making the influence of the Plain Dealer felt in the 
party. Mr. Gray was a terse, trenchant and witty 
writer, and there was few more readable papers than 
his. 

From the start it was uiicomiiromisingly Demo- 
cratic. Politics, however, did not absorb all the 
space, for Mr. (iray had a sharp "nose for news,'' 
and especially aimed to make his local chronicles 
lively and entertaining. The earlier issues of the 
Plain Dealer were not of course up to the mechanical 
style that at present distinguishes it; but a copy 
issued seven years after the Grays assumed control, 
which lies before the writer, is of goodly size and 
neat typography, and is well filled with editorial, 
local, miscellaneous and teleejrapliic news. We itali- 
cize the last adjective, because telegrams were far less 
common in 1848 than they are now. 

The Plain Dealer was conspicuous in the Presiden • 
tial campaigns from 1848 on, especially in 18.52 and 
1860. In the latter contest it was one of Stephen A. 
Douglas' principal su]iporters in his race against 
Breckenridge, Lincoln and Bell. The editor of the 
Plain Dealer was a warm personal friend of Jlr. Doug- 
las, and threw his whole soul into his service. 

When the clouds of civil war darkened the political 
sky the Plain Dealer threw all of its influence in 
favor of the government, but Mr. Gray was not long 
spared to wield his pen in favor of his country. After 
his death, which occurred in 1802, the paper declined 
through bad manageuient; but four years later it was 
purchased by W. W. Armstrong, of Tiffin, a veteran 
editor and publisher, and was thoroughly rehabilita- 
ted. In 1877, Mr. Armstrong organized the Plain 
Dealer Publishing Company, and the paper has since 
been issued under the management of that company, 
of which W. W. Armstrong is president, and George 
Hoyt is vice president. Among the gentlemen edito- 
rially connected with the Plain Dealer who have be- 
come prominent, may be mentioned H. Bartlett, 
auditor of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and 
Indianapolis Railroad Company; J. B. Bough ton, 
now on the staff of the New Y"ork C'oiumerrial Adrer- 
fiser; ex-.Iudge J. D. Cleveland, a leading member of 
the Cleveland bar; Bishop McLaren, of the Episco- 
pal diocese of Illinois; D. R. Locke, celebrated as 
" Petroleum \^. Nasby," and the late Charles Farrar 
Browne, renowned in America and England as " Ar- 
temus Ward." 

The Plain Dealer is now (1870) in the enjoyment 
of a large circulation, and possesses an influence in 
the Democratic party surpassed by but one journal in 
Ohio; it being in all respects and without question 
the second Democratic daily in the State. 



194 



GENERAL HISTORY OE CUYAHOGA COITNTY. 



THE CLEVELAND LEADER. 

The germ of the Leader which has become one of 
the prominent newspapers of tlie country, is to be 
found in a journal established in what was then 
known as Oliio City (now the "West Side" of 
Cleveland,) in the year 1844, and called the "Ohio 
American." It was founded by R. B. Dennis, Esq., 
who published and edited it as an organ of the old 
" Liberty Party" till 184.5. when it was published by 
Mr. Edwin Cowles, (the present editor of the Leader 
who was then but eighteen years old,) and edited by 
L. L. Rice. In 184G, Mr. Cowles transferred the 
publication to Mr. M. W. Miller, who continued his 
connection, in company with Mr. Rice, till 1848. 
In 1846, Hon. E. S. Hamlin, formerly member of 
congress from the Lorain district, founded a weekly 
anti-slavery Whig pajier, called che True Democrai. 
It was first published at Olmsted Falls. In 1847 the 
Tr»e Democrat was moved to Cleveland, where it 
Wiis changed into a daily. 

In 1848 the famous BufEalo convention met, com- 
posed of anti-slavery Whigs, who bolted the nomina- 
tion of Gen. Taylor; of tliat branch of the New York 
Democracy known as " Barnburners," who bolted the 
nomination of Gen. Cass for the same office, and of 
the members of the old Liberty party, all of whom 
formed the Eree Soil party, and nominated Martin 
Van Buren for jiresident, and Charles Erancis Adams 
for vice-president. 

The True Democrat and the American having com- 
menced occupying the same political jilatform, were 
consolidated under the former name. During that 
year (1848,) Mr. Hamlin transferred the paper to 
Messrs. James A. Briggs and T. G. Turner, who 
edited and published it till the following year, when 
they sold out to Messrs. John C. Vaughau and the late 
Tliomas Brown. In 1851 Mr. George Bradburn, of 
Boston, became associated with Messrs. Vaughau and 
Brown as one of the editors of the True Democrat, 
and the weight of his trenchant pen was felt in the 
Western Reserve in favor of the cause of the down- 
trodden slave. 

In 1853 Mr. Joseph Mcdill, now editor of the Chi- 
cago Tribune, came to Cleveland and established the 
Daily Forest City. The result was that the journalistic 
field in Cleveland, at tJiat time, was filled with daily 
papers to more than its supporting cai)acity, there 
being the Herald, Plain Dealer and True Democrat 
to compete with the Forest City. The consequence 
was that all these papers were losing ventures. In 
1853 the Forest City and True Democrat were consol- 
idated under the name of the Daily Forest City Dem- 
ocrat. Mr. Edwin Cowles, who was then carrying on 
the printing business, was taken into partnership, tlie 
name of the new firm being Medill, Cowles & Co. 
Mr. Cowles had charge of the business department, 
and Messrs. Medill and Vaughan wei'e the editors; 
Messrs. Bradburn and Brown liaving retired the 3'ear 
previous. 



In March, 1854, the long and cumbersome name of 
the Forest City Democrat was changed to that of the 
Cleveland Leader, which name the paper has borne 
ever since. In the spring of 1855, Mr. Cowles pur- 
chased the interest controlled by Messrs. Medill and 
Vaughan, and ^they moved to Chicago, taking with 
them Mr. Alfred Cowles, brother of Mr. Edwin 
Cowles, who had previously served as book-keeper in 
the Jjcader office. The three took possession of the 
Chicago Triliune, then in an exhausted condition 
financially, and raised it to its well known important 
position. 

From that time till 1807 Mr. Edwin Cowles was 
the solo proprietor of the Leader, with the exception 
of two brief periods, when he admitted partners into 
the business, from whom, however, he soon separated. 
In 185G, that veteran journalist, Mr. J. A. Harris, 
who had edited the Cleveland Herald for the previous 
twenty years, became associated with Mr. Cowles in 
the editorial work of the paper, and remained with 
him till the fall of 1860, when he resigned. At that 
time Mr. Cowles assumed the editorship, and has held 
the position ever since. 

In 1867 the Leader establishment was placed under 
the control of a stock company, under the name and 
style of the Cleveland Leader Printing Company, Mr. 
Cowles retaining a majority of the stock. The busi- 
ness of this corporation is for the purpose of publish- 
ing the Leader, and for carrying on its extensive 
printing establishment, which is celebrated for its 
handsome ornamental work and its fine book j^rint- 
ing. This history is a specimen of its work. In this 
connection we would also mention that the Tx-ader 
was the first newspaper in the world that was printed 
on a rotary lightning press which delivered the sheets 
pasted, with leaves cut at top and folded, all in one 
operation. 

Since 1809 the company has also issued an after- 
noon jiaper, called the Evening News, which repro- 
duces the most important articles from the Leader, 
together with the later telegraphic and other news. 

The Leader, with its evening edition, has a larger 
circulation than any other Reiiublican jiaper in the 
State. The company also publishes the Tri-weekly, 
the Weekly and the Sunday Leader; all papers of 
large circulation and wide influence. 

The officers of tlie company are as follows: Edwin 
Cowles, president; E. H. Perdue, business manager; 

B. 0. Wilcox, secretary ; Henry L. Brown, manager 
of the job printing department, and W. T. Stumm, 
foreman of the news room. The directors are: Ed- 
win Cowles, E. II. Perdue, E. H. Mason, P. G. Wat- 
mough, B. 0. AVilcox, F. H. Bradner, Henry L. Brown 
and W. T. Stumm. The editorial staff consists of 
the following gentlemen: Edwin Cowles, editor; 
Capt. P. H. Mason, managing editor, assisted by J. 

C. Keffer, J. C. Covert, Henry A. Ford, J. H. Ken- 
nedy, F. H. Bradner, Eugene H. Cowles, and a large 
force of local reporters, besides two hundred corres- 
jiondents located in all the large cities of the Union 




yf c^Li^'^.^^^ //^ ^^^-t^^j"^^^ 



THE PR^SS. 



195 



iiiul iit all proiuinent i)oints in the country west of the 
Alloi,^henies. 

The success of the Leader may safely be ascribed 
not only to its thorough business management, but 
to its strong advocacy of Republican principles, to its 
bold position on all questions of the day, (opposing 
slavery when slavery was powerful, and now opposing 
every descrijition of tyranny, whatever) and last, not 
least, to its being emphatically a live wew.s paper in 
every sense of the word. Mr. Cowles is now the sen- 
ioi- editor of Cleveland. The Leader has risen to its 
present ])osition under his editorial management, and 
he will doubtless continue the work of improvement 
unlil it shall lie the jieer in power of any journal in 
the west. 

THE OHIO FAUJIEK. 

Tiiis [taper, a weekly agricultural, live stock and 
familj journal, was established in January, 1848, by 
Tiionias Hrown. lie built up for it a fair circulation, 
and an enviable reputation as an cnter])rising agri- 
cultural paper; but, becoming financially embarrassed, 
relin(piished his control of it in August, 18G2. It 
then i)assed into the hands of William B. Fairchild, 
as publisher, and Sullivan I). Harris, as editor. 

At this time the Ohio Cultivator, which was estab- 
lished in 1845, and was for seventeen years conducted 
liy M. B. Buteham and S. D. Harris, at Columbus, 
Ohio, was purchased and consolidated with the Ohio 
Farmer, which became the only agricultural paper of 
the State. In December, 18GG, Mr. Fairchild sold his 
interest as publisher to A. W. Parker. On the 30th 
of October, 18G7, Mr. Parker died, and the publica- 
lit)n was continued by Mr. Ilarris alone until Janu- 
ary following, when the services of George E. Blake- 
lee were secured as associate editor. On the 1st of 
January, 18G9, Mr. Ilarris retired, and Mr. Blakelee 
became editor and proprietor. 

While the paper had, up to this time, nuiintained 
a high standard of excellence, and enjoyed a fair 
jiiitronage, it had brought financial ruin upon each of 
its managers. 

In December, 187;J, M. J. Lawrence purchased the 
pa[irr from Mr. Blakelee, and became sole editor and 
proprietor, lie shortly afterward procui'ed the assist- 
ance of JI. E. Williams as associate editor, and under 
the managenu'nt of these gentlemen the paper is now 
conducted. 

The Ohio Farmer, at the present time, has a large 
and steadily increasing circulation, and takes a i)romi- 
nent position in American agricultural journalism. 
Its circulation exterids throughout Ohio and the neigh- 
boring States of Pennsylvania, West V^irginia, Ken- 
tucky, Indiana and Michigan, and it is well known in 
every State and territory of the Union. 

In 1874 Mr. Lawrence purchased the litiekeyt 
Firmer, a paper for several years i)ublished at West 
Salem, Ohio, and united it with the (Jhio Farmer. 

In February, 18711, he also i)urchiised the America?/ 
Farm Journal, for nine years published at Toledo, 
Ohio, and consolidated that paper with the Farmer. 



This paper stands to-day upon a firm and substan- 
tial basis, successful financially and in point of circu- 
lation, and is assuredly the agricultural organ of the 
State. 

WAECIITEK AM EKIE. 

The title of this leading Gorman newspaper in 
Northern Ohio, reads in English "Sentinel on Erie." 
The present editor, proprietor and publisher, Mr. 
A. Theime, was its original proprietor, and issued 
the first number August 9, 1852. In 18GG, Mr. 
Theime organized a stock company, called the 
Waechteram Erie Company, by which the publication 
of the journal was continued until 1871. In that 
year Mr. Theime resumed sole charge of it, and since 
that date its proprietary status has remained the 
same. Early in its history, although substantially 
independent in politics, the paper inclined toward 
Democracy, and this tone it maintained until the or- 
ganization of the Liberal Republican party, of which, 
in Ohio, Mr. Theime was one of the pioneers, when 
its influence was carried over to that organization. 
Since the demise of Liberal Republicanism the 
Waechter am Erie has aimed to pursue a liberal but 
independent course touching the political questions 
of the day. The paper contains four pages, with 
thirty-two columns, issues daily and weekly editions, 
and enjoys not only a wide circulation, but also an 
important place as a director of iiublic opinion. 

PUBLISHING nOUSE OF THE EVANGELICAL ASSOCIA- 
TION. 

The first effort at establishing a publishing house 
for the Evangelical Association, was made in 181G, 
when the organization was about sixteen years old, 
and the whole membership numbered only one 
thousand four hundred persons. The immediate 
instrumentality of this enterprise was the late Father 
John Dreisbach, then a young man. While on a 
visit to Philadelphia he bought, at his own expense, 
the necessary outfit for a small printing oUice and 
book bindery, of which he made the conference a 
l)resent. Preparations were then made to carry the 
project into effect. The conference appointed a book 
commission, consisting of seven members, to which 
was assigned the erection and management of a print- 
ing establishment. A small wooden building, twenty 
by twenty-six feet, one story and a half high, was 
erected on a part of the lot occupied by the first 
church edifice of the Association, at New Berlin, 
Union county, Pennsylvania, in which the business 
was established on a basis, as was then tliought, ade- 
ipiate to the demands of the organization. A book 
agent and assistant were at once elected, and work 
commenced. But the church was too young and 
weak properly to support such an institution, and the 
concern became involved, adjusted its affairs, and 
ceased its operations. From this time on until 183G, 
book publishing was still carried on, but the work 
was contracted for. In November, 183G, at a special 
meeting of the General Conference, it was decided to 



196 



GENERAL HISTORY OP CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



again locate a book establishment at New Berlin, 
Pennsylvania, which was done the next year. 

The church in its fiirtlier development, as wull as 
the business of the establishment, extended westward, 
and in 1851, the General Conference ordered the re- 
moval of the publisliiug house to Cleveland. This 
was consummated in 1854, and the new building 
erected on Woodland avenue, then called Kinsman 
street, where the business is still carried on. It was 
far up town, almost out of the city, and considering 
its position m a comparatively unsettled neighbor- 
hood, was (juite imposing. It was forty feet front 
and sixty-five feet deeji, and three and a half stories 
high. Though larger than necessary at first, some 
departments soon became cramped for room. Thou- 
sands of dollars worth of work was refused for want 
of printing facilities. 

This led to the erection in the year 1871: of a new 
building for store and office purposes, while the old 
was to remain as the manufacturing department. 
The new block occupies lots 211 and 216, Woodland 
avenue, adjoining the former premises. It has a front - 
age of fifty-five feet and a half, witli a depth on Vine 
street of eighty feet and a half. It is four stories high, 
of brick, with best cut sandstone, rubbed surface, 
window sills and caps, the caps on the front being 
belted together with stone. The first story, on Wood- 
land avenue is all standstone, with large windows, 
having single panes of best British plate glass. The 
building throughout is substantial and convenient in 
its arrangements, being provided with all needed 
modern improvements, and is heated by steam radi- 
ators in the different rooms distributing tlie heat. 

The business of the Publishing House continued to 
increase until it became necessary to erect still another 
building. In October, 1877, the Board of Publication 
ordered this improvement, and in September, 1878, 
the building was ready for occupancy. It fronts on 
Harmon street, and in style of architecture corre- 
sponds with that erected a few years ago on Woodland 
avenue, for the book store and clerical and literary 
departments, — brick, with stone sills, caps and trim- 
mings. Indeed, what has thus far been finished is 
only a part of the block that is eventually to occupy 
the entire premises, and was planned from the begin- 
ning. It measures thirty-five feet by sixtj'-eight feet, 
has four stories besides basement, with large and well 
lighted rooms, and is built throughout in a most 
substantial manner, of the very best material. 

Thus, originating in a small way in New Berlin, 
Union county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1837, with 
an investment of about two hundred dollars, this has 
become one of the largest publishing houses in the 
country. The business of the association requires a 
capital of three hundred and eighty-two thousand dol- 
lars, and furnishes employment to nearly one liundred 
hands, besides having a large branch house in Ger- 
many and a depository in Canada. The range of its 
business includes a wholesale and retail bookstore, and 
tlie publication of books and iieriodicals. The follow- 



ing English publications are a part of its periodical 
literature: The EvnmjeUcal Messenr/er, The i^uiKJoy 
Scliool Messenger, The Blackboard, Mi/ Lesson and The 
EvnnyeUeal Lesson Leaf, weekly; The Livhuj Epis- 
tle, Tlie Evangelical 'Teacher and The Sundatj School 
Messenger, monthly, and a semi-monthly edition of 
The Sunday School Messenger. In the German lan- 
guage it publishes Der Ohristliche Botschafter, (the 
oldest and most widely circulated religious weekly in 
the country,) Der Christliche Kinderfreund, Die 
Wandtafel, Laemmerweide and Das Evangelische 
Lectionsblatt , weekly; Das Evangelische Magazin and 
Der Christliche Kinderfreund, monthly; and Der 
Christliche Kinderfreund, semi-monthly. In Ger- 
many it issues Der Evangelische Botschafter, weekly, 
and Der Evangelische Kinderfreund, monthly. The 
issues in America average one hundred thousand copies 
per week; those in Germany twelve thousand. This 
house is a church association, under the authority of 
the General Conference of the Evangelical Associa- 
tion, which appoints its officers and a board of jmbli- 
cation to act in the interim of its sessions, and is under 
the direct management of a publishing agent. Its 
net profits, beyond what is needed for its own develop- 
ment, are devoted to benevolent purposes, being 
divided among the annual conferences, for the supjiort 
of poor ministers, or ministers' widows and orplians. 
The present publishing agent who has served for the 
last nine years, is Rev. W. F. Schneider. 

I'EIUODICALS OF THE EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION. 
r>ER CHRISTLICnB B0T8CUAFTEK. 

The Christliche Botschafter was established by 
tlie fifth General Conference of tlie Evangelical Asso- 
ciation, held at Orwigsburg, May 25, 1835. The 
first number was issued January 1, 183G, at New 
Berlin, Union county, Pennsylvania. 

It was eight and a lialf inches broad and ten and 
three-eighths inches long, and had eight pages. 

With tlie beginning of 1810, tlie Botschafter ap- 
peared, somewhat enlarged, and semi-monthly. This 
volume was commenced with two thousand and sev- 
enty subscribers. 

With the fifteenth volume (1850,) it was enlarged 
and furnished with new type. In 1855, the Bots- ■I 
chaffer appeared in a considerably enlarged form. 11 
From November of that year it was publislied weekly. 
In 18G7, it was again enlarged. The subscription 
price was raised in 18G8 to two dollars and the paper 
again considerably enlarged. At present it numbers 
over nineteen thousand subscribers, and is the oldest, 
largest, and most extcn«ively circulated German relig- 
ious newspaper published in America. 

DER CHKLSTLICHE KINDERFREUND. 

A German Sunday-school paper, well illusdated. 
It was commenced in June, 185U, with five thousand 
subscribers, and its maximum number now is over 
thirty tliousaud. It is highly valued by its many 



THK PliKSS. 



107 



readors on account of its excellent reading matter and 
l)i(!luro.s. Three editions arc issued; weekly, senii- 
inunthly and niontlily. 

DAS KVANDELlSCllE MAG A/I X. 

Ihis EvmujeJische Mayazin was established in 
.Inly, 1809, as a private enterprise. The General 
I'onforeuce of the Evangelical Association i)urcliased 
it ill 1871, and has since ordered material iniprove- 
iiients. It is now a monthly magazine of thirty-six 
large j)ages, ably edited, beautifully printed, finely 
illustrated, designed to entertain and in.strnct in the 
iMiuily circle, and devoted to tlie interests of tiie 8un- 
d.iy-school and its promoters. It enjoys a contimiaily 
increasing circle of readers, and is an especial favorite 
of those who are friends of a literature tliat is liealtiiy 
and sound, and at the same time entertaining. It 
lias a circulation of over eight thousand. The sub- 
scription price is one dollar and twenty-five cents a 
year. 

LAEMMERWEIDE. 

Tills is a weekly illustrated juvenile paper, eslab- 
lisliL'd in 1870, and particularly designed for infant 
Sunday-school classes. It is printed in large type on 
tinted paper. It contains the lesson for the respec- 
live Sunday, but j)utiii a form tosuit young children. 

EVANOELISCIIES LECTI0N8BLATT. 

A lesson leaf containing the lessons of the Interna- 
tional S. S. series with golden text, topic, questions, 
and practical applications. 

DIE WANDTAFEL. 

Die Wdndldfel is an exact fac-similc of a real lilack- 
hoard, tiiirty-two by forty-eight incJies in size, and 
ik'sigiied to illustrate the International Sunday School 
IjCssohs. It was started in January, 187D, and is 
issued weekly and mailed to subscribers at tlirec dol- 
lars a year, or one dollar per quarter. 

THE ENCiLISU EVANCiEHOAL MESSENOEIi. 

The /Jraiif/elical Messenger was begun in New I^erlin, 
Union county, Pennsylvania, on the 8tli of January, 
1S18. It started with eight hundred subscribers. It 
was a royal sheet of four pages. It had sixteen col- 
umns of reading matter, but no advertisements, and 
was issued semi-monthly. The subscription price was 
one dollar. A new volume of the McHsentjer was 
commenced with the year 1851. It was reduced in 
form to a denii ([uarto sheet of eight pages. In 
August of 1804, it was advanced to one dollar and 
twenty-five cents, and so continued until the end of 
1807. At the commencement of 1808 the jirice was 
raised to two dollars. 

In >fovember, 1801, the Mcssi-iii/er appeared as a 
weekly, without change of size or price. Eighteen 
hundred and sixty-eight ushered in its last and great- 
est change. It then assumed its present form and 



price. It has at present a circulation of between nine 
thousand and ten tliousand. 

THE LIVIN(i EPISTLE. 

Tlie IJriiKj Epintle was founded in January, 18G!), 
and published by a company as a jjrivate enterprise. 
It became the property of the Evangelical Association 
in January, 187::i, and has since been published by 
it. It is a monthly magazine of thirty-two pages, 
devoted to the spread of Suriptural holiness and a 
pure literature. 

EVANliELlCAL Sl'NDAY SCHOOL TEACUEK. 

Tiie EvaiKjelical Stindai) School Teuvher was estab- 
lished in January, 187G, to meet the wants of those 
in the Evangelical clinrch who were inquiring for a 
low-priced standard magazine, containing notes, expla- 
nations and illustrations of tlie International Sunday 
School Lessons. It has made its way into public favor, 
and has a fair circulation. 

SUNDAY SCHOOL ME.SSENGEK. 

The Messenger is an illustrated paper for the Sun- 
day school and liome. Its issue commenced in June, 
1804, and it has reached a circulation of about thirty- 
five thousand copies. The appearance and mechanical 
execution of the Mcssctujer are above the average of 
papers of this cliaracter. Three editions are pub- 
lished, weekly, semi-monthly and monthly. 

MY LESSON. 

This illustrated weekly was established in 187C, and 
is adapted to scholars in infant classes. It presents the 
lesson in a very simple form, and is j)rinted on tinted 
paper, presenting an attractive a])pearance. 

EVANCELICAL LESSON LEAF. 

This contains tlie International Sunday Scliool Les- 
son, with remarks adapted to intermediate or ad- 
vanced classes. It is a valuable help to both teachers 
and scholars, containing the golden text, topic, 
questions, and practical applications. 

THE SUNDAY SCHOOL BLACKIiOAKD. 

The IHiirkbodrd is a weekly sheet, designed to illus- 
trate, in the exact style and form of a blackboard, the 
International Sunday Scliool Lessons. It is printed 
on iieavy jiaper, thirty-two by forty-eight inches in 
size. Its publication commenced with January, 1879, 
and it has found its way into all the States and Ter- 
ritories. 

UEFOKMEI) CHUKCH I'UIiLICATIUNS. 

The (ierman Publishing House of the Keforincd 
Clnircii in the United States was established in Cleve- 
land in 1800, when the publications were limited to 
the llcforiniii'i Kirchcii Zcilanfi, [llcfiinncd Vliurrh 
Juurnal) a weekly issue, originally publislied in Tifiin 
— beginning in 1857 — under private enterprise as The 



198 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Evangelist. Following upon the first named paper, 
Der Lacmmerhirtc (The ShcpJierd) was put forward 
as a monthly and semi-montlily Sunday School pub- 
lication, and in 187G, Du' Abend Lust {The Evvnin<j 
Joii) was added as a journal for general circulation. 
These three named newspapers, and a small Sunday 
School pamphlet called Lections Bluetter (Lesso?i 
Leaf) comprise the issues of the house, the business 
of which is carried on by H. J. Riietenik, at 991 
Scranton Avenue, as business agent and editor. 

brainard's musical world. 

In 1854 the Cleveland music-publishing house of 
S. Brainard & Co. issued an eight-page monthly jour- 
nal devoted to the interests of music, and its success 
proved so substantial that successive increases in 
volume to sixteen, to thirty-two and to forty pages, 
followed as a necessity. S. Brainard's Sous, as the 
successors of S. Brainard & Co., conduct the publica- 
tion now, and as the firm has also branch houses in 
Chicago and Cincinnati, the ^lusical World is issued 
simultaneously the first of eacli month in the three 
cities. Karl Merz is the managing editor and is as- 
sisted by a full corps of capable writers. 

OERMAN baptist publications and PLBLISHINU 
SOCIETY. 

In the year 1851 there were only five German Bap- 
tist ministers in this country, with churches number- 
ing but four hundred and one members. From that 
time until 1878, there were nearly ten thousand bap- 
tisms, and the number of pastors increased to one 
hundred and thirty. 

At the Triennial Conference of the German Bap- 
tists of the United States and Canadas, held at Ber- 
lin, Ontario, in 1S6G, rhillij) W. Biekel was elected 
editor and secretary of the society. For some months 
previous, there had been published a monthly paper 
called Der Sendbotc des Evangeliums, but at this 
meeting the name was changed to Der Sendiote, and 
the i)ublication issued weekly instead of monthly. 
From that time the society dates its jn'ogress. A 
general desire for a greater extension of the work and 
usefulness of the society was expressed, and for this 
more capital was needed. J. T. Burghardt. of the 
German Baptist Church of Louisville, Kentucky, of- 
fered to give to the society a cash donation of 552,000 
with the condition that the German churches would 
make up an equal sum. They did so, making up the 
whole sum and more. These cash donations were 
used; in the year 1872, in buying a piece of property 
on Forest street. A house was erected, type, presses 
and machinery were bought, and books, tracts and 
papers were published and distributed throughout the 
country. In June, 1874, the building was partially 
destroyed by fire. This loss was more seriously felt 
as there was no insurance on the property. The new 
building, on the corner of Payne avenue and Daltou 
street, was completed and occujiied by the society in 



May, 1878. The agent of the society is II. Shulte. 
It is now publishing the following papers: 

DER SENDBOTE. 

This is the only German Baptist weekly published 
iu tliis country, and was established in January, 18GG. 
It is an eight-jiage paper, twenty-six by thirty-eight 
inches in size, and is strictly denominational. Its 
circulation is about four thousand copies. 

DER MUNTERE S-EMANN. 
(the cheerful sower.) 

The first number of this monthly was issued January 
1, 18GG. It is non-denominational, and published for 
the benefit of the Sunday School and home circle 
generally. Its circulation is nine thousand five hun- 
dred. 

DIE SONNTAGSFREUDE. 

(the SUNDAY JOY.) 

This puljlication is for the use of Sunday Schools. 
The first number was issued in January, 1873. It is 
published monthly, and contains the iuteruatienal 
series of lessons which have been introduced into 
nearly all Christian denominations. It is denomina- 
tional in its tendency. Its circulation is tliree thou- 
sand eight hundred. 

DER WEGWEISER. 
(the guide.) 

This is a monthly publication for the use of the 
churches. Its intention is to lead strangers to the 
church. It was started in January, 187G, and has a 
circulation of thirty-two hundred copies, distributed 
gratuitously. 

THE TRADE REVIEW. 

The weekly newspaper now published under the 
above title, was established in January, 18G8, by 
Messrs. Geo. H. Adams, Ezra S. Adams and Kijjp 
Stone under the name of The Ohio Wcekli/ Review. 
The paper was a success from the start, yielding large 
returns to the projn-ietors. After a few months the 
Messrs. Adams purchased the interest of Mr. Stone, 
at the rate of ten thousand dollars for the whole, and 
continued the publication on their own account. At 
a subsecpieut date the title of the paper was changed 
to that of Coniniercial Review, as more expressive of 
the character of the publication. This iu turn gave 
place to that of Manufacturing and Trade Review, 
under which title it continued to July, 1879, when it 
passed into the hands of the Review Publishing Com- 
pany, who di'opped the word "manufacturing" as 
being too long, and continued the publication under 
the shorter and more convenient title of The Trade 
Review. The character of the paper remains, how- 
ever, suljstantiaily as heretofore, as an organ of the 
manufacturing, industrial and commercial interests 
of the West. It is under the editorial management 
of Mr. Geo. C. Dayies, an early resident of this city, 
but for many years past of Cincinnati and Dayton. 



THE PRESS. 



]00 



THE REREA ADVERTISER. 

The AdvrrtiM-r was first issued on the 20th day of 
.luiic, 18G8, by the ]Jcrca Job Printing Conij>any, and 
I hen bore its present name. On the 17th of April, 
isCi'.t, C. Y. Wheeler became editor and proj)rietor, 
aiiil conducted the pa])er, under the name of (trivd- 
.y/iinr City Advertiser, until February 17, 1871, when 
it was purchased l)y Gardner and Wilcox, who became 
editors and j)roprietors. IMr. Wilcox retired on the 
'i'lwiX of September, 1872, and P. B. Gardner then 
published the 'paper till March 27, 187-4, when he 
Iransferred it to W. II. Pearcc. It was conducted by 
liini until September 1, 1877, when it was purchased 
liy the Rcjnililican Printing Company; H. E. Foster 
and II. F. Kastcndieck becoming editors, and E. I). 
i'cebles business manager. Mr. Foster and Kastcn- 
dieck both retired from the editorial management 
within the year; since then the paper has been con- 
ducted with marked success by Mr. E. D. Peebles. 
In January, 1870, the name was changed to Tlic 
I'lirea Advertiser. 

LOCOMOTIVE ENGIXEEKS' .lOURNAL. 

The first number of this monthly, under the style 
of linitlii'rliood of Locomotive Engineers^ Monthli/ 
Journal, was jiublished in January, 18G7, the offices 
tiicn being located at Rochester, New York. S. R. 
Mudge was the first editor. In October, 1808, the 
executiTC offices were removed to Ft. Wayne, Indiana, 
and the publication continued at that place, under the 
editoi"ship of Wilson and Mudge. In 1870, the offices 
were again changed, and Cleveland made the head- 
ipiarters of the Grand International Division, where 
t he publication has since been carried on. The Jour- 
n(d is a forty-eight page pamphlet, and devoted to 
the interests of the locomotive department of rail- 
roads. The monthly circulation of the Journal 
amounts to about ten thousand copies, which are 
taken throughout all jiarts of the United States and 
Canadas. (^uite a number of copies also go to Eng- 
land, Scotland, Central India and Central America. 
'I'lic present editors are P. M. Arthur, G. C. E., and 
T. S. Fngraham, F. G. E. 

THE SUXDAY VOICE. 

The first number of the Siindaij Morning Voire 
was issued on the loth of October, 1871. The parties 
originally engaged in the publication of tlie jiaper 
were W. S. Kobison. L. 0. Rawson, Thomas White- 
head and E. C. Hardy. Before the close of the first 
year, however, W. S. Robison purchased the interests 
of tiie other parties, and became sole projn-ietor. 
I luring the first year or more of its existence, the 
paper had to combat the strong popular prejudice 
against Sunday pajicrs, and tlie enterjirisc was con- 
sequently unprofitable. It made steady progress, 
however, and before the completion of its second year 
was on a paying basis, and had become an acknowl- 
edged necessity. From that time till now it has 



maintained a vigorous hold upon the popular regard, 
and realized a fair degree of prosperity. In June, 
1S78, Hon. 0. J. Hodge haviug ]iurchased the Smi- 
daij Post, that paper was consolidated with the Voire, 
and the title l)ecame tlie Sundny Voire and Posl. 
Subsequently I'ont was dropped, and the present 
name adopted — the Cleveland I'oice. The projjric- 
tors are Messrs. Robison and Hodge, under the style 
of the Voice Publishing Company, Mr. Hodge being 
editor-in-chief, and Mr. Robison, business manager. 
The consolidation of the two competing Sunday pajiers 
proved a highly advantageous arrangement, both for 
the public and the parties in interest. The popular- 
ity of the Voice was never so wide-spread and firmly 
rooted as at present, and its advance keeps steady 
pace with the growth of the community. Mr. E. C. 
Hardy is still connected with the paper, occupying 
the position of associate editor, while Mr. C. C. Ruth- 
rauff, who has been on the paper for the past six 
years, is its city editor. The office of publication is 
No. 118, Seneca street. 

THE CLEVELAND ANZEIGER. 

The Cleveland Anzeiger was founded August 15, 
1871, by Henry Gentz, and issued tri- weekly as an 
independent German newspaper until Augusts, 1872, 
when it was bought by a stock company of prominent 
Republicans of Cuyahoga county, and issued dady 
and weekly. Since this time it has been the Re- 
publican German organ of Northern Ohio. January 
1, 1874 the stock company sold out to Bohm, Kraus 
«& Co.; two years after this Mr. Kraus became exclu- 
sive owuer of the paper, but sold out on September 1, 
1877, to Mr. Kauffmann, one of the editors of the 
Cincinnati Volksblatt. Since that time the paper has 
been published by Mr. Kauffman, who is its editor. 
Daily circulation, two thousand three hurulred; weekly 
and Sunday, two thousand eight hundred. 

DIE BIENE. 

Die liiene was established in 1872, the first number 
being issued January 1st. It was, at that time, Demo- 
cratic in politics, and under the charge of William 
Miller as editor. In 18711, a stock comi)any was 
formed, at which time the political .sentiment of the 
j)aper was changed, and it has since continued as an 
independent Sunday morning weekly. Itscirculatiun 
is about fifteen hundred. 

In addition to tlieir weekly ))apcr, the Bicne Pub- 
lishing Company furnish "insidcs" for twenty-two 
dilTerent German and English weeklies in Ohio and 
other States. Tlie editorial department is under tlie 
cliarge of Henry Minnig. 

STANDARD OF TIIE CROSS. 

This is a forty-column weekly, devoted to tlie in- 
terests of the Episcopal church, and is published by 
W. C. French, who lias the assistance of his son in 
editing it. Ttir Standard of tlie t'ros.o was first issued 
August 18, 1S(;8, at Oberliu, Ohio, as a continuation 



200 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CtJYAHOGA COtTNTY. 



of the Western Episrnjmlum, published till that time 
at Gambier, which was itself a continuation of the 
Gamhier Obserrer, started by Bishop Chase in 1832, 
W. C. French was the proprietor of the journal upon 
its first issue in August, 1808, and in 1872 he removed 
it to Cleveland, where it has since then retained its 
location. 

THE CHRISTIAX HARVESTER. 

This paper, whose title l)ears the exi)lanatory affix 
of "A Holiness Journal," was first published in De- 
cember, 1872, by James W. P. Fackleras The i¥is:xioH 
Har-vesfer, and was then devoted to " the work of mis- 
sions and holiness." In July, 1874, Thomas K. Doty, 
the present editor and publisher assumed control, and 
changed the title to the one now borne. The Har- 
vester is a small sheet of twenty-four columns, and till 
January, 1878, was a montlily publication. Since 
that time, the issues have been monthly and semi- 
monthly. 

SOUTH CLEVELAND ADVOCATE. 

In 1873, Harry H. Nelson started a weekly news- 
paper in that part of Cleveland known as Newburg, 
calling it All Around the Clock. Shortly afterwards 
he changed the name to The South Cleveland Adro- 
cate, and as such continues to publish it. Mr. Nelson 
is still its editor and publisher. Its politics are 
Republican and its issue weekly, with thirty-two col- 
umns, 

THE HOME COMPANION. 

This is a small eight-page literary journal "for boys 
and girls" and is issued semi-monthly. It was started 
in 1873, by S. L. Thorpe & Brother, who were succeed- 
ed in 1874, by S. L. Thorpe, the present editor and 
publisher. The circulation of the Home Companion is 
confined exclusively to territory beyond Cleveland. 

EARNEST WORKER. 

In the spring of 1874, the Committee on Ways and 
Means of the Women's Christian Association, was 
called upon to provide a new method for raising funds. 
After a number of plans had been discussed and re- 
jected, it Was finally decided to publish a monthly 
paper, having two objects in view; to be a medium of 
communication, and a source of revenue. 

The first number of the Earnest Worker appeared 
in June, 1874, under the editorship of Miss Emma 
Janes. Miss Janes occupied the editor's chair for six 
months, and then left C!leveland, after which the 
work for the remainder of the year was carried on by 
the Publishing Committee. With the opening of the 
second volume in Juno, 1875, Mrs. Howard M. Ing- 
ham was elected to the position of editor, which she 
has since retained. 

The paper has been warmly supported, and has 
met with general favor. The total profits during the 
first four years of its existence, were over fifteen 
hundred dollars. 



The officers of the Publishing Committee aie Mrs. 
E. C. Standart, chairman; Miss H. A. Hnrlbut, 

secretaiy. 

THE CATHOLIC UNIVERSE. 

This journal was established in 1874, the first 
number being issued July 4th. Rev. T. P. Thorpe 
was appointed editor of the paper by its founder, Rt. 
Rev. R. Gilmour, and by degrees secured for it re- 
cognition from the press and public, as a staunch de- 
fender of catholic principles and catholic rights. The 
reverend editor, having charge of a congregation while 
conducting the paper, found it difficult to do justice 
to both of these positions, and was in 1877, at his own 
request, relieved from the editorship. He was suc- 
ceeded by Manly Telle in August, 1877. Under his 
able management the Universe has not only held its 
former commanding position, but has continued to 
increase in strength and influence, so that it now ranks 
among the very foremost of the catholic papers of the 
United States. Its circulation, at first confined to this 
diocese, now extends to the adjoining States, and it 
has more or less subscribers in every diocese in the 
country. It now numbers between seven and eight 
thousand Joh a j^(/e subscribers, and its list is increas- 
ing weekly. 

THE CHAGRIN FALLS EXPONENT 

was established January 1, 1874, by J. J. Stranahan 
and P. Hohler. The paper was started as a seven- 
column folio, but only continued as such a few weeks. 
when it was enlarged to a six-column quarto, which 
size it still bears. In 187.5 the firm of Stranahan & 
Hohler was dissolved, Mr. Hohler retiring, and since 
then Mr. Stranahan has been sole proprietor and edi- 
tor. Mr. Frank F. Stranahan has filled the position 
of local editor for four years. 

The Exponent office is now located in Shuto's block, 
and is sujiplied with a cylinder press and all modern 
machinery and material. It makes a specialty of dairy 
news, and claims to furnish more reading-matter of 
this character than any other paper in the United 
States, except those which are conducted exclusively 
as dairy papers. It has a circulation of nearly two 
thousand copies and its list is rapidly increasing, as 
a natural result of the enterprise exhibited in its 
management. It has been from the first, and still is. 
independent in politics, but vigorous in the treatment 
of all subjects requiring its attention. 

SUNDAY MORNING TIMES. 

The Times was established May 7, 1870, by John 
P. O'Brien, having offices at No. 91 Seneca street. 
In 1879 the location was changed to Nos. 34 and 30 
Long street. 

THE EVENING TIMES. 

This daily evening paper was also founded by John 
P. O'Brien, with offices on Long street, April 24, 
1879. These papers still remain under the charge of 
Mr. O'Brien as editor and proprietor. In politics they 
are liberal, with democratic proclivities. 



THE PRESS. 



201 



THE ADVANCE. 

In I ho siiiiinior of 1R77 tlic Iiidiistri.-il Publisliing 
Oonipiiny was organ i/ed to stiirt, a weekly grccnhaok 
])aiier. Richard Flarrison was the first president of 
tiic conijiany, with J. A. Harrison as secretary, and 
Iiol)crt .Schilling as editor and bnsiness manager. 
The paj)cr was called the Labor Advocate, but the 
name was changeil to Lahnr Advance, as another 
|ia}>er called the Advocate was being published 
in the city. The paper was issued successfully for 
about a year, when the company transferred its inter- 
est to the firm of Schilling and Pate, who made the 
paper a daily. The name, however, being too long 
for convenience, it was changed by dropping the 
word "Labor," and calling the paper the Daily Ad- 
raiice. The first number of the daily was issued 
August IS, 18T8. The editorial staff consists at pres- 
ent of Robert Scliilling, editor-in-chief; Egbert Haz- 
ard, managing editor; \V. H. Hudson, local editor; M. 
Cashberg, telegraph and amusement editor; Wm. Pate, 
Jr., attends to the business management. The Ad- 
rance has, however, within a sliort time again been 
made a weekly paper. It has a very large circulation, 
extending into nearly every State of the Union, and 
to more than four hundred post-offices in Ohio. 

DENNICE NOVOVEKU. 

This is a Bohemian newspaper whose title signifies 
" Morning Star of a New Era." It is said to be the 
only Bohemian paper in the State, and dates its ex- 
istence from October, 1877, when it was issued by 
\ aulav Snajdr and Frank Korizek. In March, 1878, 
-Mr. Korizek retired, and since that time Mr. Snajdr 
has been the sole editor and pul)lisher. The paper is 
issued every Wednesday, is printed entirely in the 
Bohemian language, and contains forty-eight columns 
of matter. 

THE (U.EVELAXn LAW REPORTER. 

This journal, a weekly, devoted to the interests of 
the legal profession, was established in 1878, its first 
number ai)i)earing on the 1st of January. It was 
originally a four-page paper, but with the thirteenth 
issue was enlarged to eight pages. It contains decis- 
ions of the United States Supreme Court, United 
States Circuit Court, syllabi of decisions of the Oliio 
Supreme Court, Courts of last resort in other States, 
Courts of Common Pleas, and District Courts of 
Northern Ohio; also a record of all suits commenced, 
motions and demurrers filed and decided, judgments 
of Cuyahoga ('ounty Common Pleas, all property 
transfers, mechanic's lions, and assignments. The 



subscription price of the Reporter is two dollars per 
an nil Ml. J. 0. Pomcrene, an attorney and stenogra- 
piier of the courts, is editor and iniblishcr. 

TIIK II A i; II WARE REPORTER 

represents the hardware, metal, implement, stove, 
glass and paint trades, and is published weekly by the 
National Iron and Steel Publishing Company, Cleve- 
land, Pittsburg and Chicago. The Jiejmrfer was 
started in Pittsburg in 18G0, and in October, 1878, 
its management, directed now as heretofore by Messrs. 
F. Protzman and J. II. Ilille'rman, was transferred to 
Cleveland. Besides a weekly issue, the paper has also 
a monthly number called the Kirpovt Edition, devoted 
mainly to the export trade. 

THE ONE CENT WEEKLY. 

Tlie One Cent IVeeiJf/'is an exclusively literary jour- 
nal. It was founded Ijy Hartley & Hynes, the present 
proprietors, in 1879, and the first number was issued 
June 21st of that year. The original name was 77ie 
Penny Weekly, but a change to the present title was 
almost immediately effected. It is published every 
Saturday, contains forty columns of reading matter, 
claims a circulation of ten thousand, and is proliably 
the only paper in the country that furnishes the .same 
anioiuit of material for the price of one cent. 

THE PENNY PRESS. 

This smart evening journal, although but an infant, 
has already pushed its way prominently forward into 
wide circulation. E. W. Scripps and J. S. Sweeny 
its present proprietors, were formerly attaches of the 
Detroit Eveniny News. They started the Cleveland 
Penny Press November 2, 1878, as a twenty column 
paper, eighteen by twenty-four, and have apparently 
made the enterprise a paying one. It is now a twenty- 
four column journal, eighteen by twenty-eight, is a 
strictly evening issue with four daily editions, is inde- 
pendent in iwlitics, and claims an average city circu- 
lation of six thousand five hundred and a country 
circulation of six thousand. E. W. Scripps is the 
editor and J. 'I'. Sweeny the business manager. 

THE SENTINEL. 

This is a weekly four-page journal, published on the 
West Side by Welfare & Saumenig, and circulated 
chielly in the western and southern portions of the 
city. Its first number was issued May 24, 1870, by 
the present publishers whose efforts have thus far met 
with a fair measure of success. The Sentinel is inde- 
]iendent in politics, and aims to make local news a 
feature. 



202 



GENEKAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTEE XXXVIII. 

COLLEGES. 

Origin of Baldwin University— Liberality of Mr. Baldwin— First Faculty 
— First Buildings — The German Department — German Wallace College 
The Relation of the two Institutions— The College of Pharmacy— Hulet 
Hall— Ladies' Hall — The Preparatory Department— The Collegiate 
Department — Classical and Scientific Courses— Elective Studies— The 
Successive Presidents— The Present Faculty— Foundation of German 
Wallace College— The First Faculty— Changes of Ofldcers- The Present 
Faculty- The Arrangement with the University— Special Attention to 
German Language and Literature— German Literary Societies— The 
Buildings— The Founders of Cleveland Medical College — Its Organiza- 
tion as a Department of Western Reserve College — Erection of Build- 
ings—First Faculty— Number of Graduates— Present Faculty— Homteo- 
p.athic Hospital College— Its .\ge— First Faculty— First Building— The 
Riot — Removed to the Eights- Di.«tinction and Prosperity— The Hos- 
pital — The Faculty of 1879 — Medical Department of University of 
Wooster— Its Predecessor— The Faculty of 1870— Number of Gradu- 
ates—The Faculty of :879. 

BALDWIN UNIVERSITY. 

This institution had its origin in Baldwin Institute, 
which was established at Berea in 1844, and of which 
an account is given in the history of the township of 
Middleburg. The institute was transformed into a 
university in 1855. The now, as well as the old, 
institution was under the auspices of the Northern 
Ohio conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
and like the old one, too, was due to the liberality of 
Hon. John Baldwin, who, at the time last men- 
tioned, made a large donation of land and money, in 
addition to what he had iirevionsly given to the in- 
stitute. 

The first faculty of the university consisted of the 
following members: Rev. Johii Wheeler, A.M., pres- 
ident and professor of mental and moral science: Rev. 
Jeremiah Tingley, A.M., vice-president and professor 
of the natural sciences; Kev. William H. Barnes, A.B., 
jirol'essor of the Latin and Greek languages; Gajdord 
II. Hartupee, professor of mathematics. Besides the 
gentlemen named. Miss Rosanna Baldwin was precep- 
tress during the forepart of the year, and Miss Emily 
A. Covel during the latter part; Miss Eugenia A. Mor- 
rison was teacher of music, and Miss Sarah A. Storer 
of French, etc. 

The buildings transferred to the college by the in- 
stitute were the Old Hall, built in 1845, and the 
South Hall, a three story edifice, finished in 1853. 
There was a preparatory de2)artmcnt, which continued 
to attract the same class of students as had formerly 
attended the institute, but the college course proper 
had, for a time, comparatively few attendants, al- 
though the number steadily increased. For many 
years Mr. Baldwin regularly jiaid to the institution 
the interest on ten thousand dollars, which was ap- 
plied to its support. 

lu 1858 a German department was formed, under 
the management of 0. Henning, Ph.D. After 1859, 
for several years, it was taught by the Rer. Jacob 
Rothweiler, and was remarkably successful, attract- 
ing a large and increasing number of students. In 
1863 the German WaUacc college was founded, of 
which a sketch is given further on. In organization 
the two institutions are entirely separate, but they 
yet sustain very intimate relations with each other. 



Baldwin University instructs the students of both in 
Latin, mathematics and the natural sciences. Ger- 
man Wallace College performs a similar service for 
both sets of students in Greek, French and music. 
Members of each institution are admitted free to the 
recitations in the other; these recitations being in 
English at the university, and in German at the col- 
lege. It will be seen at once that this system fur- 
nishes an admirable method of giving the attendants 
of both establishments a thorough and scholarly 
knowledge of both the great languages mentioned, 
and the fact has been widely recognized, as is shown 
by the large number of youth who have sought the 
advantages named. 

In 18G5 a college of pharmacy was established in 
connection with the university, but the number of 
those who desired to become practical druggists was 
not sufficient to justify the movement, and it has 
been abandoned. 

In 18G8 another large hall was completed, called 
Hulet, in honor of Fletcher Hulet, Esq., a large ben- 
eficiary of the university. It is of stone, ninety feet 
by fifty-si.v, and two stories high, and contains a large 
chapel and five fine recitation rooms. In 1872 the 
old hall, built in 1845, was removed. A very fine 
large hall, of stone, to be known as Ladies' Hall, is 
now in course of construction, which when completed 
will be one of the finest structures of the kind in the 
State. 

The prcijaratory department contains three classes, 
the junior, middle and senior; in which students are 
tlioroughly instructed in the higher English branches 
and in the elements of the classics — are, in fact, in 
common parlance, prepared for college. There is also 
a scientific preparatory course of one year, in which 
the higher mathematics are substituted for Greek. 

The collegiate department comprises the ordinary 
four classes, freshmen, sophomore, junior and senior, 
but there are two courses, classical and scientific, 
running through them all. The former is the usual 
college course; in the latter Latin is made a subordi- 
nate study and Greek is entirely ignored in favor of 
German, or French, and the most abstruse branches 
of mathematics and natural science. All the depart- 
ments and courses are open to both se.xes. 

Not only are the two courses elective, but in the 
junior and senior years of each there are five or si.x 
studies prescribed, from which the student may elect 
three, proficiency in which insures a diploma. 
Whether this "go-as-you-please" way is conducive to 
sound and thorough culture is a question to be de- 
cided by time. 

The Rev. John Wheeler, A.M., was president of 
the university from 1855 to 1872; W. D. Godman, A. 
M., from 1872 to 1875, and Aaron Schuyler, LL.D., 
from 1875 to the present time. William C. Peirce, 
S.T.D., was vice president from 18C0 to 1872; being 
also, at that time as well as now, professor of tlie nat- 
ural sciences. The followingis a list of the faculty for 
barrassment. Its supporters have labored on, liow- 




^^ 



^^^trT^-C^-^^^^^^-^^^^ 



COLLEGES. 



303 



the year ending in Jane, 1879; some of them, however, 
l)erforming tlieir labors in German Walhice College, 
according to the arrangement before mentioned: 
Aaron Schuyler, LL.D., president, and professor of 
philosopiiy and applied mathematics; William C. 
Peirce, S.T.D., professor {Emeritus) of n\tural sci- 
ence, and lecturer on the evidences of Christianity; 
Ellen n. Warner, A.M., preceptress, and professor of 
liure mathematics; Clara E. Schuyler, A.M., profes- 
sor of rhetoric and English literature; Carl Riemen- 
schneider, Ph.D., professor of the Greek language 
and literature; Archie M. Mattison, professor of the 
Latin language and literature; Victor Wilker, A.M., 
luiifessor of German and French; James A. Dodge, 
i'h.D., professor of natural science; William K. 
(iraiinis, professor of instrumental and vocal music, 
and principal of the commercial department; Mattie 
Ij. Bigelow, instructor in painting and drawing. 

(iEKMAN WALLACE COLLEGE. 

Tiiis literary and classical institution, located in 
(lie village of Berea, was founded in 18G3, and was 
ine()ri)orated and opened in 1804. The board of 
trustees consists of thirteen members, four of whom 
are residents of the county. The first faculty was 
composed of the following jiersons: Rev. Wm. Nast, 
D.I)., president; Rev. J. Rothweilev, vice president; 
!'. W. Mosblcch, Ph.D.; Albert Nast; Mary- Hasen- 
plliig. During the first collegiate year (ISO-l-GS) 
liicre were forty students in attendance; which num- 
ber has of late increased to one hundred and twenty, 
one-sixth of whom are ladies. 

In 1807 Rev. J. Rothwciler, the first vice president 
and resident manager, was succeeded in office by Rev. 
E. Schuler, who held the position until 1873, when 
he was followed by the present incumbent. Rev. P. F. 
Schneider. Since 1871: there has been no change in 
the faculty, which is constituted as follows: Rev. 
William Nast, D.D., president; Rev. P. F. Schneider, 
vice president and resident manager; Carl Ricnicn- 
sehneider, Ph.D., professor of ancient languages; (!. 
!■'. I'anlus, D.D., professor of Biblical literature; \'ic- 
tor Wilker, A.M., professor of modern languages; 
.lulius 0. Berr, professor of music. 

'I'he admirable arrangement, by which the students 
of tiiis college and of Baldwin university are per- 
mitted to avail themselves of the privileges of botli 
institutions, has been set forth in the sketch of the 
latter. 

Besides the branches ordinarily studied in colleges, 
tiie (ierman language and literature are thoroughly 
taught here through the entire course, and as the in- 
structors arc native Germans, the facilities for acr|uir- 
ing a complete mastery of the German language an 
not surpassed anywhere in the United States. Man\ 
teachers of German in the public schools and in col- 
leges have prepared themselves for tlieir vocation in 
this institution. 

There are three German literary societies connected 
with the college; the Germania, the Schiller and the 



Bettina Verein, the latter being for ladies. The libra- 
ries are small, but contain some valuable German 
works. In the museum there is an excellent collec- 
tion of minerals and fossils, part of which were pre- 
sented by the eminent j)alcontologist, llerman Herzer. 
The following arc the buildings belonging to the 
institution: Wallace Hall, presented by James Wal- 
lace, Esq., a brick edifice, containing the recitation 
rooms, the society rooms and the museum. The New 
Chapel, a beautiful new structure just finished, built 
of sandstone. It contains the church ])roper, in 
which services in German are held on Sunday, the 
chajiel and the music rooms. Baldwin Hall, also of 
sandstone and presented by John Baldwin, Esq. It 
is occupied by male students, who have organized a 
boarding club there. The Ladies' Uall, a smaller 
brick edifice, in which most of the lady students re- 
side. Besides these the college owns three dwelling 
houses occupied by members of the faculty. 

CLEVELAND MEDICAL COLLEGE. 

In the fall of 1843, Doctors John Delamater, Jared 
P. Kirtland, Starling, John L. Cassells and Noah 
Worcester, then members of the faculty of the medi- 
cal college at Willoughby, (now in Lake county,) 
discussed the advisability of changing the location of 
that institution. Dr. Starling favored a removal to 
Columbus, while the others preferred Cleveland. As 
Dr. Starling owned a controlling interest, he carried 
the day and subsequently founded the Starling Medi- 
cal College at Columbus. Doctors Delamater, Kirt- 
land, Cassells and Worcester joined in establishing a 
medical college at Cleveland, and, being in too much 
haste to await the legal process of incorporation, ap- 
jilied to the Western Reserve College, located at 
Hudson, for organization under the charter of the 
latter, as its medical department. This privilege 
was accordingly granted, and the Cleveland Medical 
College has therefore been to this day the medical 
department of the Western Reserve College. 

The college building was erected on the corner of 
Erie and St. Clair streets, Cleveland, mainly with 
funds obtained through individual subscriptions in 
Cleveland; the deficit being made up by members of 
the faculty. By the conditions upon which the aid 
was supplied, the property now used for college pur- 
poses must always be devoted to similar uses and no 
other. 

The members of the first faculty, (in 1843,) were 
Doctors John Delamater, Jared P. Kirtland, Horace 
II. Ackley, John L. Cassells, Noah Worcester, Sam- 
uel St. John and Jacob J. Delamater. Of these, the 
last one named was the only one living on the 1st of 
August, 18711, at which time he was attached to the 
United States Medical Bureau at Washington. 

Since the organization of the college in 1843, the 
graduates liave nnmliercd thirteen hundred and forty- 
four. The highest number graduated in any one 
year was in 184'.i, when seventy-eight students received 
degrees; the lowest number was in 1805, when the total 



20i 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



was only fifteen. The class of 1878-79 numbered sev- 
enty-three, of whom twenty-five were graduated. 

The college faculty, in 1870, is composed of Doc- 
tors U. K. Cushiug, Proctor Thayer, John Benuitt, 
Jacob Laisy, John E. Darby, E. W. Morley, Isaac N. 
Himes, X. C. Scott, B. W. Holliday, Lewis BufEctt, 
H. H. Powell, John F. Isom and W. W. Holliday. 
The dean of the faculty is Di*. John Bwmitt. 

HOMCEOPATniC HOSPITAL COLLGE. 

This institution ranks in age next to the Cleveland 
Medical College, having been organized in 1849, and 
according to its last annual announcement it is, with 
one exception, the oldest Homa^opathic medical 
school in the world. At tlie first session of the college, 
in 1849-50 the Faculty was composed of the follow- 
ing: Chas. D. Williams (dean,) Storm Rosa, A. H. 
Bissell, Lewis Dodge, H. L. Smith, E. C. Witherell, 
John Brainard and L. K. Rosa. The Trustees were 
John Wlieeler, Joel Tiffany, Dudley Baldwin, A. U. 
Braiuard, Edward Wade, Thos. Brown, R. F. Paine, 
Amos Hutchinson, Geo. King, Benjamin Bissell, 
Samuel Raymond, Richard Ililliard, L. M. Hubby, 
Thos. Miller, A. 0. Blair. 

The first college bii ildiug was located at the corner of 
Prosjject and Ontario streets, and there, in February, 
1853, a very serious riot took place on account of 
the allegations of j^ersous who declared that a deceased 
member of their family had been stolen from the grave 
and conveyed to the college for dissection. They 
awakened much sympathy among the Irish — to wliich 
nationality they belonged — and the excitement reached 
such a pitch that one day a mob of full two thousand 
persons attacked and completely ruined the furniture, 
the library, and the inside of the college building. 

After that event the institution was removed to 
"the Hights," and occupied the property previously 
known as the Humiston Institute, which the Faculty 
had puchased. There the college remained until 
1873, when it was transferred to its present location, 
at No. 99 Prospect street; the edifice which it occu- 
pies having been originally used as a church. 

This college has enjoyed much distinction since its 
foundation, and with the exception before mentioned 
has been blessed with unvarying prosi)erity; having up 
to the close of the session of 1878-71), graduated ten 
hundred and fifty students. The Iloma^opathic hos- 
pital, is under the exclusive control of the professors, 
and is ojien to the college students as a field for prac- 
tical observation and experience. The matriculants 
of the session of 1878-79 numbered one hundred and 
eight; the juniors, nine, and thegradiuites, twenty-five. 

The faculty of 1879 is named herewith: Drs. N. 
Schneider (dean,) John C. Saunders, H. H. Baxter, 
S. A. Boynton, G. F. Jones, W. A. Phillips, J. Pet- 
tet, J. Edwards Smith, H. F. Biggar, B. F. Gamber. 
The trustees are, Hon. George Willey, N. Schneider, 
W. H. Burridge, R. L. Willard, C. C. Baldwin, Hon! 
G. M. Barber, A. K. Spencer, W. H. Price, Hon. J. 
M. Colfinberry, B. A. Hinsdale. 



MEDICAL DEPARTMENT UNIVERSITY OF WOOSTER. 

In 1870 the University of Wooster, having no 
medical dei)artment, resolved to create one, and, in 
pursuance of that jiroject, arranged to continue the 
Charity Hospital Medical College of Cleveland as 
such dei)artment. The Charity Hospital Medical 
College (connected, as its name implies, with the 
Charity hospital, adjoining whicli its college build- 
ing was located) was organized in 18G4, and opened 
its first session on the 26th of October of that year. 

The faculty chosen in 1870 consisted of Dr. G. C. 
E. Weber, dean, and Drs. W. J. Scott, L. Firestone, 
W. H. Jones, James Dascomb, Colin Mackenzie, A. 
Metz, H. J. Herrick, C. W. Noble, J. F. Armstrong, 
A. C. Miller, F. J. Weed, D. B. Smith, and T. C. 
Miller. 

The institution has enjoyed marked i)rosperity and 
has received wide and deserved recognition. Since 
18G4, when the Charity Hospital College was founded, 
five hundred doctors of medicine have been graduated 
from the College, or "department," and they have 
taken quite as high rank in their profession as the 
alumni of any other medical school in tlie State. 

The collegiate year extends from the 1st of Ajjril 
to the 4th of March ensuing, and embraces a. spring 
and a winter term. The plan of instruction includes 
lectures, clinics, recitations, quizzes and practical 
demonstrations, while, during the winter term, five 
to six ijractical lectures, illustrated witli models, etc., 
are given daily. The faculty for 1879 comprises Dr. 
G. C. E. Weber, dean, and Drs. L. Firestone, W. 
J. Scott, H. J. Herrick, Jamin Strong, C. W. Noble, 
A. C. Miller, Joel Pomerene, D. B. Smith, H. W. 
Kitclien, T. C. Miller, J. H. Lowman, John Bolton 
and Wm. T. Corlette. 



CHAPTER XXXIX. 

VARIOUS SOCIETIES, ETC. 

CuyalioKa County Medical Society— Its Two Pi-edecessors— Us Objects 
— 3Ieetiugs — Present Officers — Academy of Medicine and Surgery — 
Its Origin— First Officers of the Cuyah^>ga County Medical Associa- 
tion—Change of Name— Objects — Present Officers— Cleveland Asjium 
tor the Insane— Caaise of its Construction— I'assage of the Act — Va- 
rious Additions— Destruction by Fire— The Asylum Rebuilt— Its Legal 
Capacity- Changes of Name— List of Superintendents — Present Of- 
ficers—Northern Ohio Fair Association— Its Original Corporators — 
Amount of Stock— List of Directors- List of Officers— Its Fairs— Ap- 
plication of Profits— Amount of Expenditures— The Cleveland Club— 
Cuyahoga County Agricultural Society— Time of Organization- Suc- 
cessive Removals — Powerful Rivalry— Brighter Prospects— IVesent 
Officers— Western Reserve Historical Society— Organization and 
First Officers— Its Purposes — Location — Some of its Treasures— Ac- 
knowledgments. 

CUYAH0(;A COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY. 

This organization was formed in 1873, by the 
amalgamation of the two societies known as the Cleve- 
land Academy of Medicine and the Pathological 
Society; its object being, like those of its iiredecessors, 
to increase the professional knowlege of the members, 
to bring them into more intimate social relations with 



SOCIETIES. 



205 



each other, and to promote tbe improvement of the 
nicdiual art. Its members number at present about 
fifty; tlieir meetings being liekl semi-monthly at the 
rooms of tlie Young Men's Christian Association. 
The officers on tlie 1st of August, 1879, were as fol- 
lows: Dr. P. H. Sawyer, president; Drs. C. C. Arms 
and J. H. Lowman, vice presidents; Dr. AV. 0. Jenks, 
secretary; Dr. J. C. Preston, treasurer; Drs. W. J. 
Scott, F. C. Dutton and (i. C. Ashman, censors. 

ACADEMY OF MEDICINE AND STKUEKY. 

This society was organized in 18C5, by members of 
the Ilonid'opathic school, as the Cuyahoga County 
-Medical Association, with a membership of tliirty- 
eigiit; the following being the first officers: Dr. John 
Wheeler, president; Dr. A. 0. Blair, vice president; 
Dr. (}. W. Barnes, secretary; Dr. L. AV. Sapp, treas- 
urer. In 1873 the name was changed to the Academy 
of Medicine and Surgery, which is still retained. Its 
ol)ject is to advance tlie interests of medical science, 
and to promote the mutual improvement of its mem- 
bers. Meetings are heid, as circumstances require in 
the Ilomoepathic Medical College and in the offices 
of the members of the society. The membership in 
-Vugust, 187;i, was fifty; the officers being Dr. (i. J. 
Jones, president; Dr. F. II. Barr, secretary and treas- 
urer. 

CLEVELAND ASYLUM FOR THE INSANE. 

Although called the "Cleveland Asylum," this is a 
State institutions. AA^e find tiiat the origin of this asy- 
lum and that of the one at Dayton are substajitially 
tlie same; the necessity that gave rise to the one 
compelled the erection of the other. In 1851 the 
asylum at Columbus was the only one in the State. 
It w:is then known as the "Ohio Lunatic Asylum," 
its name having since been changed several times, on 
(he occasion of 2)olitical changes in the State govern- 
ment. Its capacity was three hundred patients, or 
one to every six thousand six hundred and six per- 
sons in the State; in 1878 it was one to every seven 
hundred and sixty-one. There are now in the asy- 
lums of Ohio about three thousand live hundred 
]iatients. 

The principal arguments which induced the Irgis- 
lalure to erect two new asylums for the insane were 
made by Dr. S. M. Smith, of Columbus. He esti- 
mated the Ohio insane in 1851 as two thousand, of 
which only three hundred were provided for. As 
a result of the rccomendations of Dr. Smith and 
others, made at the sessions of 1851 and '52, the 
legislature passed an act on the 30th of April, in the 
latter year, providing for the erection of two addi- 
tional lunatic asylums. An approj)riation of one 
hundred and forty thousand dollars was made for tlie 
purpose, and Prof. II. A. Ackley and Messrs. E. B. 
Fee, D. B. AA'oods, Charles Cist and Edwin Smith 
• were appointed the first board of trustees. 

At a meeting of the board hold on the 'Jth of July, 
1852, the Northern Asylum, by a vote of four to one, 



was located at Newburg (now Cleveland). Land 
was received from Dwiglit Jarvis for the purpose. 
The original contract for building the Newburg asy- 
lum was awarded to John Gill, of Cleveland, the 
price being sixty-nine thousand eight hundred dol- 
lars. On the 22d of June, 1854, Dr. L. Firestone 
was appointed superintendent of the asylum, which 
position he retained until 1856. Dr. C. M. Godfrey 
was appointed a member of the board controlling 
both asylums. The Newburg institution was opened 
for patients on the 5th of March, 1855. 

In 1800 and '61 the building was enlarged by the 
erection of wings on the east and west sides, increas- 
ing the capacity to three hundred and seventy-five 
persons; and in 1870 sufficient additions were made 
so that the asylum would accommodate five hundred 
and twenty-five patients. 

On Wednesday, Sejjtember 35, 1873, a fire occurred 
by which the greater part of the building was de- 
stroyed. By this disaster all written records, statis- 
tics, books of account and other valuable papers of 
the institution were destroyed. The patients, five 
hundred and twenty-five in number, were removed to 
the asylums and benevolent institutions of the State, 
and maintained there until the erection of the new 
asylum. By an act of the legislature passed March 
18, 1873, the board of trustees was directed to build 
a new structure at a cost not exceeding five hundred 
and fifty thousand dollar,-., to be cajiablc of accom- 
modating six hundred and fifty patients. By recent 
legislation the trustees are directed to admit but one 
patient for each five hundred stpiare feet (surface 
measure) of the building. By this law the number 
of patients is limited to six hundred. It is now filled 
to its utmost legal limit. 

The institution was originally designated as the 
"Northern Ohio Lunatic Asylum," by which name 
it was known until a change in the politics of the 
State in 187-1. The name was then changed to 
"Northern Ohio Hospital for the Insane," and again, 
in 1876, to "Cleveland Hospital for the Insane." In 
1878 the name was again changed to "Cleveland Asy- 
lum for the Insane," Ijy which appellation the insti- 
tution is now known. 

The several superintendents, with their terms of 
service, have been as follows: Dr. L. Firestone, 
1854-5; Dr. IJ. C. Hopkins, 1856-7; Dr. Jacob Laisy, 
1857-8-9; Dr. 0. H. Hendrick, 1859-00-1-3-3-4; 
Dr. Byron Stanton, 1804-5-6-7-8-9; Dr. J. M. 
Lewis,'l870-l-3-.3-4; Dr. Lewis Slusser, 1875-6; Dr. 
J am in Strong, 1877-8-9. 

The following are the present officers of theiisyluni: 
General James Barnett, Hon. A. McGregor, Dr. !>. 
L. Wadsworth, John F. Perry, Esip, and A. P. 
AA'iuslow, Es(|., trustees; Jamin Strong, M.D., super- 
intendent; John S. Marshall, M.D., first assistant 
physician; James D. Maxwell, M.D., second assistant 
physician; Jacob I). Sherrick, M.D., third assistant 
physician; Charles \V. Diehl, steward; Nettie L. 
Strong, matron. 



206 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



NOBTHEKN OHIO FAIR ASSOCIATION. 

The Northern Ohio Pair Association, though com- 
posed entirely of Cleveland men, was organized and 
IS maintained for the purpose of encouraging the 
agricultural and manufacturing interests of the coun- 
try at large, and more particularly those of the 
northern section of this State. The society was in- 
corporated on the 36tli of February, 1870, by the 
following gentlemen, all prominently identified with 
the business of Cleveland : Amasa Stone, Jr., J. H. 
Wade, J. P. Robison, W. S. Streator, S. D. Harris, 
A. Everett, Amos Townsend, William Bingham, I). 
A. Dangler, 0. A. Childs, L. L. Hickox, 0. H. 
Payne, A. Pope, W. A. Fisher, William Collins, and 
Henry Nottingham. 

The capital stock of the Association was fixed at 
one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, all of which 
was immediately subscribed and paid in. The man- 
agement of the enterprise was committed to the hands 
of twenty-three directors, one-third of whom are 
elected annually to hold office for the term of three 
years. 

The following is a list of the gentlemen who have 
served as directors of the Association for varying 
periods since its organization, in the order of their 
election, those marked thus f being now members 
of the board: Amasa Stone, Jr., Stillmau Witt, 
John P. Robisonf, John P. Ross, William Edwardsf, 
Worthy S. Streatorf, John S. Casement, George W. 
llowef, Henry F. Clark, Daniel P. Rliodes, Abel W. 
Kairbanksf, Edwin Cowlesf, John R. Buchtel, Hen- 
ry B. Payuef, George Westlake, .James Barnettf, 
Albert Allen f, David A. Dangler, Charles B. Petten- 
gill, George H. Burtf, Henry Nottingham, Hiram 
C. Brockway, Lester L. Hickox, John Todf, Oscar 
A. Childs, William W. Armstrongf, Oliver H. Payne, 
Pendleton G. Watmough, William J. McKinnief, 
Silas Merchant, Samuel Briggsf, Sylvester T. Ev- 
erettf, George A. Bakerf, William J. Gordonf, Ste- 
phen V. Harknessf , George W. Sliortf, William H. 
McCurdyt, Jeptha H. Wadef, Geo. E. Armstrong. 

Tiio officers since organization have been as follows: 
Presidents — Amasa Stone, Jr., 1870; W. S. Streator, 
1871; J. P. Robison, 1872 to 1879. First Vice Presi- 
dents— J. P. Robison, 1870 and '71; D. A. Dangler, 
1873; Geo. H. Best, 1873 to '79. Second Vice Presi- 
dents— W. S. Streator, 1870; D. A. Dangler, 1871; 
S. Witt, 1873 and '73; Geo. A. Baker, 1874 to '79. 
Treasurer— S. T. Everett, 1870 to '79. Correspond- 
ing Secretaries — S. D. Harris, 1870; Geo. W. Howe, 
1871-'72; Samuel Briggs, 1873 to '79. Recording 
Secretaries— Geo. W. Howe, 1870 to '73; W. J. McKin- 
nie, 1873; Samuel Briggs, 1874 to '79. 

Nine fairs have been held by the Society, commenc- 
ing in 1870, and including that of 1879. There was 
no exhibition held in 1877, as the "Centennial Expo- 
sition" at Philadelphia in 187G was believed to have 
exhausted the i)eoplc's desire for large exhibitions for 
at least one year. The dates of the several fairs have 



been as follows: October 3 to 7, 1870; September 13 
to 16, 1871; September 10 to 14, 1873; September 39 
to October 3, 1873; September 14 to 18, 1874; Scj)- 
tember 13 to 17, 1875; September 11 to 15, 187G; 
September 9 to 13, 1878; September 1 to 5, 1879. 

The exhibitions of the Association were very suc- 
cessful for the first four years, both as to the interest 
manifested and the financial results; the entire i)rofits 
being applied to the improvement of the grounds and 
buildings, which now represent an aggregate cost, 
(including the capital stock,) of over two hundred 
thousand dollars. 

There has never been a fair held on the grounds of 
the society which was not seriously interfered with 
by stormy weather; but, notwithstanding this draw- 
back to financial success, the Association has pronij)tly 
met all its obligations, thereby adding materially to 
Cleveland's re})utation for enterprise. 

From its organization to and including 1878, the 
following have been the chief items and amounts 
of moneys disbursed: For advertising and printing, 
$35,789; for general expenses, salaries and mainte- 
nance of grounds, $110,331 ; for jiremiums, $101,555 — 
making a grand total of two hundred and forty-three 
thousand, five hundred and seventy-five dollars. | 

TUE CLEVELAND CLUB. 

This an organization composed of a portion of the 
directory of the Northern Ohio Fair Association and 
was formed in 1871, for the purpose of holding trot- 
ting and racing meetings annually at the Fair 
Grounds. These meetings have been uniformly suc- 
cessful, and are yearly increasing in interest. The 
club attained very high rank under the management 
of Mr. John Tod, its first presiding officer, and has 
lost none of its i)restige under that of his successors. 
The following gentlemen are the present officers: i 
William Edwards, president; George U. Burt, vice- 
president; S. T. Everett, treasurer; Samuel Briggs, 
secretary. 

CUYAHOGA COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. 

This association was organized and held its first 
fair in the year 1849. Unfortunately, the books re- 
lating to the earlier period of its existence have not 
been preserved, and we are unable to give the names 
of its first officers or the details concerning its career. 
For many years its fairs were held on Kinsman street 
(now Woodland avenue), Cleveland. The place of 
holding them was then removed to Newburg. 

After the organization of the Northern Ohio Fair 
Association in 1870, the exhibitions of that institu- 
tion witli its superior amount of capital, absorbed 
the interest of the people of Cleveland and vicinity to 
so great an extent that those of the county society 
seriously declined. Under these circumstances the 
latter removed its head(iuarters, in 1873, to Chagrin • 
Falls, where its fairs have since been held. Even 
there it has suffered from the rivalry of its powerful 
neighbor, and has labored under serious financial em- 



THE NATIONAL GITARD, ETC. 



207 



ever, and feel cojifideut that they have now passed 
the worst ])()int, and that entire success will sjtecdil}' 
crown their efforts. The present officers are AVilliam 
Stoneman, president; J. W. Collins, first vice-presi- 
dent; Edward Jrurfet, second vice-president; E. W. 
I''oroe. secretary and treasurer. Tlie preininnis olTcnvd 
amount to about two thousand dollars. 

WHSTKIIX IlESKRVE AXD NOTUTHEKN OHIO IIISTOK- 
ICAL SOCIETY. 

'JMic association was organized at Cleveland on the 
'2Sth day of May, 18G7. Its first officers were as fol- 
lows: Col. Charles Whittlesey, president; M. 15. 
Scott, vice-president; J. C. Buell, secretary; A. K. 
Spencer, treasurer; J. C. Buell and H. A. Smith, 
curators for one year; C. C. Baldwin and M. B. 
Scott, for two years; Joseph Perkins and Charles 
Wiiittlesey, for three years. Mi-. Buell declined the 
secretaryship, and C. C. Baldwin was elected in his 
jilaec. Col. Whittlesey has been annually re-elected 
president until the present time. 

The purposes of the society were declared to be " to 
discover, procure and preserve Avhatever relates to the 
history, biography, genealogy, antiquities and statis- 
tics of the Western Reserve, the State of Ohio and 
the Northwest." This design has thus far, under the 
faithful management of the officers of the society, 
been most zealously and snccessfully carried out. 

Under an arrangement with the Cleveland " Society 
for Savings," and the Cleveland Library Association, 
tlio Historical Society has the perpetual use of the 
third story of the stone building erected by the Society 
for Savings, situated on the north side of Monumental 
Si|inire, Cleveland. This large and lofty hall is already 
crowded with historical material relating to Oliio and 
the Northwest, and with interesting relics pertaining 
to this and other regions. Here may be seen, besides 
a iiistorical library of some three thousand bound vol- 
umes, complete files of several of the i)rincipal ncws- 
li.ijiers of Cleveland, and a large number of bound 
volumes of other newspapers; curiosities from all 
parts of the globe, including a renuirkable collection 
(if Oriental articles, presented by Col. W. 1*. Eogg; 
numerous relics of the Mound-builders and Indians; 
mementoes of the late civil war and other national 
conflicts; some large, expensive and interesting books, 
such as Lord Kingsborough's Antiquities of Mexico, 
Professor Ilayden's Portraits of Indian Chiefs, etc. ; 
a very large collection of the coins of all countries, 
and a host of otiier articles, which lack of space for- 
biils our mentioning here. 

There is also a collection of several hundred maps, 
and those of early date, relating to the West, are of 
especial interest. Among the numerous manuscripts, 
too, belonging to the society, are a large number re- 
lating to the early history of this region, and the 
writer takes pleasure in repeating the acknowledge- 
ment, made in the introduction to this work, of the 
liberality and cordiality with which these and other 
possessions of the instit\ition have been opened to his 
e.xaminatiou during the prosecution of his labors. 



CHAPTER XL. 

THE NATIONAL GUARD, ETC. 

Fifteenth Regiment— Its Organization— First OfTicei-s— Services— Present 
Oflicers— Cleveland Light Artilleiy— Its Original Formation- The Reg- 
iment of IWK)— Reorganization after the War--A Mysterions Fight— 
The New Light Artillery— Its Present Sitnation— The Cleveland Grays 
—The Original Coni|)auy— The Officers of IH.!?— officers of 183S— Its 
high Reputation— Ijapseil after iwrj -Again Active— Reorganized since 
the War — Present Condition — Cleveland OatlingGun Battery — Its 
Formation— Armory— Power of the Gatlings— First Cleveland Troop- 
First Officers— Their New Armory— Conclusion. 

FIFTEENTTn REGIMENT (O. N. (i.) 

Eaklt in 1877 Colonel A. T. Brinsmade, of Cleve- 
land, an aid on Governor Hayes' staff, received a let- 
ter from Adjutant General Charles W. Carr, in which 
he incidentally remarked: "I think yon ought to 
have a regiment in Cleveland." Pleased with the 
suggestion. Colonel Brinsmade set about carrying it 
into effect, and to two unattached companies of the 
National Guard — the Brooklyn Blues, of Brooklyn, 
and the Emmett Guards, of Cleveland — already in 
existence, were promptly added the Veteran Guards, 
Forest City Guards, Townsend Guards, and Buckeye 
Guards, all of Cleveland, and the complement of six 
companies being thus filled they were organized in 
June, 1877, as the Fifteenth regiment of infantry of 
the Ohio National Guard, with the following field 
and staff officers: 

Allen T. Brinsmade, colonel; George A. McKay, 
lieutenant colonel; Henry Richardson, major; John 
F, Gibson, M.D., surgeon; R. W. Stannard, M.D., 
assistant surgeon; George B. Huston, adjutant; 
George D. Scott, quartermaster; Rev. James A. 
Bolles, chaplain. 

Shortly after the organization of the regiment, the 
maximum number of ten companies was reached by 
the accession of the Hart Guards of Elyria, Chagrin 
Falls Guards of Chagrin Falls, Washington Guards of 
Cleveland, and Berea Light Guards of Berea. In 
July, 1877, the regiment was ordered to Newark, Ohio, 
to take part in suppressing the disturbances created 
by actors in the great railway strike of that year, but. 
as the men were unsupplied with arms, the order 
was countermanded. On the 2nd of August follow- 
ing, the mayor of C'leveland called on the Fifteenth 
to assist ill preserving the peace in ("leveland when 
the railway-strike troubles threatened to take a serious 
turn in the city. The command secured rifles enough 
to arm five companies, and assembled on Michigan 
street between seven and ten o'clock on the morning 
of August 2d, prepared for action, but happily tlie 
clouds of unrest blew over, and the soldiers were dis. 
missed. 

Since the regimental organization, each company has 
occupied quarters of its own, but the city of Cleveland 
is now building, on Champlain street, a fine brick 
armory for the use of the National Guard, to cost 
twenty-eight thousand dollars, and according to indi- 
cations it will be occupied by the Fifteenth regiment 
late in the fall of 1870. The regiment included on the 
1st of August, 187'J, ten companies, six of which were 



208 



GENERAL HISTORY OE CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



from Cleveland, with six liundred and twenty-eight 
men, rank and file, and a fine band of nineteen ]iieees. 
Tlie officers at that time were as given here: 

Allen T. Brinsmade, colonel; George A. McKay, 
lieutenant colonel; Henry Richardson, major; George 
D. Huston, adjutant; R. F. Tiiompson, quarter- 
master; John F. Gibson, M.D., surgeon; R. F. Wal- 
ters, M.D., assistant surgeon; Rev. James A. Bolles, 
chaplain. 

Company A (Enimctt Guards) — William Kelly, 
captain; C. D. Nolan, first lieutenant; John W. Breen, 
second lieutenant. 

Company B (Brool<lyn Blues) — T. K. Dissette, 
captain; William C. Towns, first lieutenant; J)enjamin 
F. Storer, second lieutenant. 

Company (Veteran Guards) — Daniel Fovargue, 
captain; Robert S. Avery, first lieutenant; William 
Richardson, second lieutenant. 

Company D (Forest City Guards) — George A. 
risk, captain; H. W. Fisher, first lieutenant; Alex- 
ander II. Van Pelt, .second lieutenant. 

Company E (Townsend Guards) — John W. Fran- 
cisco, captain; Thomas I. Morrow, first lieutenant; 
George Eastbrook, second lieutenant. 

Company F (Buckeye (iuards) — John D. (!astle, 
captain; John Hudson, first lieutenant; J. A. Tinker, 
second lieutenant. 

Company G (Hart Guards of Elyria) — (feorge D. 
Williams, captain; F. N. Smith, first lieutenant; S. 
T. Sawyer, second lieutenant. 

Company H (Chagrin Falls Guards) — E. W. Force, 
captain; L. 0. Harris, first lieutenant; A. A. Shef- 
field, second lieutenant. 

Company I (Washington (tuards) — (Jeorge C. 
Dodge, Jr., captain; George Davis, first lieutenant; 
Frederick Lehman, second lieutenant. 

Company K (Bcrea Light Guards) — E. J. Kennedy, 
captain; William II. Broa, first lieutenant. 

The regiment had its first annual six days' encamp- 
ment at Rocky River in July, 1878, and its second one 
l)eginning August 19, 1879. 

CLEVELAND LIfJHT ARTILLERY (O. N. G.) 

This company is a revival of tlie old Cleveland Light 
Artillery of thirty-three years ago, and contains 
among its membei's men who were members of the 
original organization. The latter came into existence 
in January, 18-16, when what had been previously 
known as the gun-squad of the Cleveland Grays or- 
ganized, with sixteen members, as the Cleveland Light 
Artillery. D. L. Wood was elected captain; W. A. 
Lawrence, lieutenant; John Walworth, clerk; and 
W. L. Standart, commissary. There were at first 
but two guns in the battery, but these were in a short 
time increased to four, while the numl)er of men 
was raised to forty. 

In 18G0 the organization was, under the State law, 
divided into four companies with one gun each, and 
then, with one company each from Brooklyn and Ge- 
neva, composed what was known as the First regiment 



of Light artillery, under Col. Jas. Barnett. The ser- 
vice of this force in the beginning of the war for the 
Union is noticed in the chapter devoted to the First 
Volunteer Light Artillery. 

After the war closed, meml)ers of the old artillery 
organization made several unsuccessful efforts to re- 
store the organization, but it was not until 1873 that 
the object was effected. In May of that year, Capt. 
Louis Smithuight, an old member of the artillery, 
and a volunteer soldier, received from the Alleghany 
arsenal a six pound brass cannon, marked "Capt. 
Louis Smitlinight, Cleveland Light Artillery," but 
who the donor was, he did not know. This circum- 
stance led him to attempt a revival of the "Artillery,"' 
and at the first meeting held at his residence, the pro- 
ject was accomplished, and forty members signed the 
roll. Besides the gun above referred to, the battery 
was supplied with an iron six-pounder, captured by 
Col. Barnett's three months regiment above men- 
tioned, at the battle of Carrick's Ford, West Virginia, 
July 13, ISGl. Later, that gun was set, as a war 
relic, upon Monumental Park, Cleveland, where it 
may still be seen. 

Up to May 30, 1873, the artillery was an independ- 
ent organization, but on that date it was enrolled in 
the State militia, and forms now a portion of the Ohio 
State National Guard. 

In the Adjutant General's report of 1877 he re- 
marks: "In all that constitutes a first class organi- 
zation, the Cleveland Light Artillery is a model." 

The company now includes seveuty-thi'ee men, rank 
and file, and has a battery of four brass six-pounders, 
while its e([ui23ment is so complete that it could take 
the field at once, if called upon — all the property save 
the guns belonging to the company. The armory is 
now on Frankfort street, but the location will be 
changed to the new city armory on its completion in 
the fall of 1879. The officers of the Artillery are 
Louis Smitlinight, captain; F. II. Flick and W. II. 
Reynolds, lieutenants; N. P. Sackrider, surgeon. The 
officers in 1873 were the same, with the exception that 
F. II. Flick who was then second lieutenant has suc- 
ceeded Nicholas Schrob as first lieutenant, and W. 
Reynolds followed Flick as second lieutenant. 

CLEVELAND GRAYS. 

The military company known as the Cleveland 
Grays is considered as practically the same organiza- 
tion that was called into existence under the same 
name July 13, 1838. There have been one or two 
periods, of a few years each, during which the Grays 
failed to assemble as a company, but the command 
was never formally disbanded and in each case was 
ere long revived. This company was first organized 
August 38, 1837, as the Cleveland City Guards, being 
the pioneer military company of Cleveland. 

Timothy Ingraham was chosen captain; A. S. San- 
ford, first lieutenant; and Benjamin Harrington, sec- 
ond lieutenant; with George W. Lewis, E. Sanford, 
J. Gillctt and T. P. Spencer as sergeants, and W. B_ 



TTIK NATIONAL GUAIID, KTO. 



209 



UocU.siiulci-, R. W. McNeil, 1!. Slicliloii, and W. H. 
Snow Its corporals. 

On the 7f h of June, ISIiS, it was resolved to change 
the name of the company to tiie Olcveland Grays, 
and under the new organi7,ation the first election was 
held July 12, 1838, when the officers chosen were: 
Timothy Ingraham, captain; A. S. Sauford, David 
Iiussell and Jonathan Gillett, lieutenants; E. Sanford, 
P.ushnell White, \V. B. Dockstadcr and D. W. Cross, 
sergeanls; W. K. Adams, S. A. Fairchild, B. B. 
Hastings, Theo. Umhstaetcr, Andrew Fjyttle, Jas. A. 
Craw, and Y. 11. Russell, corporals. 

The company nia<le its first jiaradc (in new uniforms) 
November 39, 1838, aud then numbered twenty-eight 
rank and file. The "Grays" was a famous comjiany 
and included as members many of the foremost men 
in the town; men, too, who are to-day among the 
hading representative citizens of Cleveland. In the 
i\ercise of arms it was a claimant for the highest 
iionors, and on more than one occasion established by 
public test its superiority over all other companies in 
the State, in drill and discipline. 

•Shortly after 1845 the Grays lapsed into a state of 
inactivity, and for some time there was no tangible 
evidence of the existence of the organization, but a 
revival set in in 18.53 and the "Grays'" flourished 
vigorously until after the company's service in the 
war. when its identity was lost until the close of the 
rebellion. It was then reorganized and since that 
time has been uninterruptedly in active existence. 

The command now numbers sixty-eight, rank and 
llle, is armed with Springfield muzzle-loading rifles, 
and is, as it has always been, an independent military 
organization. It occupies an armory on Frankfort 
street with the Light Artillery, but uiDon the comjile- 
tion of the new city armory, will be assigned quar- 
ters in that building. The officers of the Grays are 
J. N. Frazee, cajitain; J. II. Miller and AV. C. Mor- 
row, lieutenants; Rev. C. S. Pomeroy, chaplain; Geo. 
S. Tibbitts, judge advocate; II. W. Kitchen, surgeon. 

CLEVELAND GATLING-Gl'N HATTEKY. 

Late in 1877 General Barnett, Major Goodspeed 
and other of Cleveland's citizens agitated the subject 
of forming a battery in pursuance of the purpose of 
the city in purchasing two Gatling-guns, and, as the 
result of several preliminary meetings, the Cleveland 
Gatling-Giin Battery was organized June 20, 1878, 
Ijy ^fess^s. W. F. Goodspeed, Frank Wilson, Thomas 
(ioodwillic, Wm. II. Harvey, L. C. Ilanna, John A. 
Norton, John R. Ranney, Chas. A. Ulil, J. F. Kvans, 
R. W. IIick(jx and J. A. Kirkwood. In the pre- 
amble to the constitution they set forth the follow- 
ing: 

"The citizens of Cleveland having provided Gat- 
ling guns, with the object of perfecting a battery in 
the use of the same, we, the subscribers, having 
accepted the gift, and believing that prolleiency in 
the use of this arm is best attained l)y associating 
ourselves together .is an indopeiideiit military orgaui- 

27 



zatioii, do hereby adopt for our government the fol- 
lowing constitution and by-laws." 

An old church building, at the corner of Prospect 
aud Perry streets, was secured as an armory, and 
under the experienced direction of Cai)tain Good- 
speed, the company entered at once upon .i rigid sys- 
tem of drill, which, having since been pursued with 
unflagging eiiorgy, hsis brought the command to a 
gratifying standard of proficieiu^y. The old armory 
is still used, l)ut is likely to be replaced ere long by 
a fine armory Ijuilding, the erection of which is now 
contemplated l)y the battery. 

The members of this organization, numboring at 
present twenty-eight, are men prominent in Cleve- 
land's business and social circles, whose aim in one 
respect is to maintain the membership of the bat- 
tery in an elevated social position. The command 
is perfectly equipped, is a thoroughly independent 
organization, and owns everything connected with 
the battery. The guns, as has been noted, were 
donated by the city of Cleveland. They are of forty- 
five inch calibre, and are capable of firing one thou- 
sand shots per minute. 

The officers (the same now as at the company's 
organization) arc W. F. Goodspeed, captain; Frank 
Wilson, lieutenant; Thomas Goodwillie, orderly ser- 
geant; J. Ford Evans, quartermaster-sergeant. 

FIRST CLEVELAXI) TUOOP. 

Early in the autumn of 1877, a number of Cleve- 
land's representative men discussed the advisability 
of adding another to the city's military organizations, 
and a call being issued for a meeting of business men 
interested in the project, a liberal gathering of promi- 
nent citizens in Weisgerber's Hall, September l(t, 
1877, was the result. Col. W. 11. Harris was the 
chairman, and Dr. Frank Wells, the secretary, and 
after a decision by the assemblage that a cavalry com- 
pany should be organized — on acc(mnt of there being 
no such command in the city — an adjournment was 
voted until October 10th following. On this occasion 
the organization was perfected by the election of W. 
H. Harris as captain, E. S. Meyer as first lieutenant; 
(!. A. (iarrettson as second lieutenant, Charles D. 
(iaylord as first sergeant, and Frank Wells as surgeon. 
The name of First Cleveland Troop was adopted, 
and the roll was signed by forty members who, in the 
preamble to the Constitution, declared that their ob- 
ject in effecting the organization was "to perfect 
themselves in horseman.ship, in the use of arms and 
in military exercise." 

Temporary quarters were occupied in Weisgerber's 
Hall until the winter of 1878, when the Troop took 
pos.session of a fine brick armory wliich was built by 
the company witli its own resources, and Completed 
in December, 1878. This structure, located on Euclid 
avenue between Sterling and Case avenues, measures 
one hundred aud fifty feet by fifty, and is substan- 
tiallv built and jterfectly appointed. The organization 
now includes sixty active and twenty honorary mem- 



210 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



bers, with constantly increasing numbers, and is 
officered as follows: W. H. Harris, captain; G. A. 
Garrettson, first lieutenant; Oliarles D. Gaylord, 
second lieutenant; Rev. C. T. Collins, chaplain; N. 
a. Schneider, surgeon, — the commissioned officers 
being West Point graduates. Weekly drills are held 
the year round — dismounted drills only, with carbines 
and sabers during the winter season. 

The Troop stands high as a body representing cul- 
ture and intelligence, and includes in its ranks some 
of the best known merchants, bankers and professional 
men in Cleveland. It is an absolutely independent 
command, and is the only independent cavalry or- 
ganization in Ohio. Financially it rests upon, a 
firm foundation, owning the armory^ and everything 
l)ertaining to the company's equipment. The arms 
are the regulation United Stat6s cavalry sabre and 
Sharp's improved carbine, model of 1878. Were sud- 
den occasion to arise, the Troop is in su-ch condition 
that it could take the field at an hour's notice. 



CHAPTER XLI. 

CENSUS NOTES. 
Table of 1870, 1860 and 1850— Table of 1840— Totals in Seven Decades- 
Other Memoranda— Agricultural Statistics. 





isro. 


18611. 


1850. 






£ ' 


■, 1 


s. ^ 


- 2 




d 


. 




H 


!s 


fc.'S 


5' 


■Si" 


g 




§1 


Bedford 


irsH 


1,381 


407 


1,776 


12; 1,916 


11 1,852 


1. 


Uedford village* ... 


828 


596 


232 


825 


3 857 






Brecksville 


1,007 


867 


140 


1,001 


o! 1,084 


1;116 




Brooklyn 


3,71a 


2,260 


1,452 


3,V02 


10 5,349 




14 


Brooklyn village — 


Me 


526 


122 


644 


4 






Chagrin Falls 


1,331 


1,108 


213 


1,319 


2: 1,471 


8 1,215 


5 


Chagrin Falls villagei 


l,01lj| SIM 


152 


1,015 









Cleveland 


Ua.sj'.) .>4,I114 :iS,.Hl.'i 


91,53.5,1.294 4S.61S 






Dover 


1,445; l.Olli 


420 


l,4r4:J| 2; 1,273 


11 LOSS 


14 


East Cleveland 


5,051 


.3,084 


l,3l56 


1,9SS 


6^ 3,0111 


10 2.:M0 


3 


Euclid 


2,188 


1,585 


603 


2,188 


1 1,766 


3 1,44; 




Independence 


1,761 


1,16C 


601 


1,735 


" 26' 1,649 


14 1,467 


IS 


Mayfleld 

Middleburg 

Ilerea vifiage 


893 


78f 












.3,062 


2,.302 


1,360 


3,6.59 


31 2,578 


19 1,428 


68 


1,6» 


1.101 


527 


1,625 


■3 ^ 








6,227 


3,B!W 


2,5.33 


6,231 








Olmstead 


1,570 


1,196 


374 


1,56b 


4I 1:418 


8 1,216 




Olmstead village. . . . 
















812 
1,432 


632 

953 


'^ 


813 
1,432 




1,094 

1,480 


1; 1,063 

.... 1,329 




Parma 






8,001 
1,089 


1,409 

mi 


592 
859 


1,989 
1 088 


18 
1 


1,297 


.... 1 1,2.53 








Sofon 


99< 


76! 


130 


89! 




1,000 


...1 1,034 




Strongsville 


89b 


697 


190 


896 




958 


....1 1.194 


b 


WarrensviUe 


l,4a9| 969 


1(K) 


1,429 











*The population of each village is also included in its preceding 
township. 





1810. 




White. 


Colored. 


Total. 




6,011 

956 

l.TTO 

1,.570 

1,244 

774 

851 

1,342 

1,113 

1,078 

659 

399 

754 

1,408 

1,1»4 

1.051 

963 

960 

1,193 

1,151 


60 


0,071 




Euclid 


1,775 




7 " 


1,577 
1,844 


Bedford 






Maj-field 




851 






1,342 
1,113 








4 






Middleburg 










754 


lirooHyn 


1 


1,409 
1 134 


Brecksville 


Royalton 










963 


Dover 




906 




42 


1,2.35 










Aggregate 


26,506 



The census by toumships prior to 1840 cannot be obtained. 





18 lU. 


18-.J0. 


1830. 


1840. 18i0. 


1860. 


18»». 




1,445 
14 


6,274 
54 


10,297 
76 






Colored 


'121 '359 '894 iiilS 


Total 


1,459 


6,328 


10,373 


26,506 48,099 | 78.033 1.32,009 



Of the 1.32,010 population in 1870, 60,72.5 were 
male and 05,385 female. 

Of the 92,829 in Cleveland, in 1870, the school 
attendance was 15,854:, of which 13,098 were of native 
birth and 2,150 foreign; 7,793 were males, 8,001 fe- 
males. Unable to read, over ten years of age, 2,913; 
unable to write, over ten j^ears of age, 4,420; of these 
539 were of native and 3,881 of foreign birth. 

Assessed valuation of real and personal property, 
^53,489,729. True valuation of real and personal 
p];bperty_, i&106,575,000. 

-Total county indebtedness, i!75,000. Total mu- 
nicipal indebtedness, $2,101,255. 

18*0. 

Improved Land 197,730 acre?. 

Value of Farms ...' ' 330,270,197 

Value of all Live Stock ....-...•.., $1,.596,653 

Number of Horses. 6,902 

Mules and Asses 84 

MilchCows ...! 15,641 

" WorkingOxen... ,..;..... 92 

Sheep ,. 25,875 

" Swine • 7,524 

Number of bush. Spring WHieat 29,607 

•' Winter Wheat 47.821 

'• Rye 19,707 

" IndlanCorn.. 350.702 

" Oats 419,176 

" Barley 5,831 

'•' Potatoes. 484,724 

Number of lbs. Wool 105175 

'■ Butter, 78«,4:K.i 

" Cheese... 1,804.111 

Number of Manufacturing Establishments 1.140 

Employing 10,063 hands, and representing a capital of S13,645,01S. 



CHAPTER XLII. 

COYAHOGA COUNTY CIVIL LIST 

Governors— Lieutenant Governors— Judges of Supreme Court— Clerks 
of Supreme Court — Members of Board of Public Works — State Offi- 
cers—Residents after Election— United States Senator— Representa- 
tives in Congress— .Judges of Common Pleas— .Judges of Probate 
Court — Clerk of Common Pleas— Clerks of Countj* Commi.ssionei-s- 
Auditors — Sheriffs — Treasurers— Recorders— Sur-veyors—State Sena 
tors— Representatives in the State Assembly — Members of Constiiu 
tional Conventions. 

GOVERNORS. 

Samuel Huntington, resided in Clevelaml from 1803 
to 180G; removed to Ncwburg in 1800, and from 
there to Painesville in 1807; served as governor one 
term, 1808-10. 

Reuben Wood, of Cleveland, the lust governor un- 
der the first constitution and the first under tlie 
second one; served a term, 1850-52, wjis re-elected, 
and in 1853 resigned to accept a foreign mission. 

John Brough, of Cleveland, inducted Jaiuiaiy. 
1864; died in office August 29, 1865. 

LIEUTENANT GOVERNORS. 

1872-73— .Tacol) Mueller, Cleveland. 1878-79 — Ta- 
bez W. Fitch, Cleveland. 





^^L^^^C-'2^^,.^2.^^^^^ ^ 



CUYAHOGA COUNTY CIVIL LIST. 



211 



JUmJES OE THE SUPKEIIE COUKT. 

Samuel Huntington; elected by the legishitiire and 
connnissioned by Governor Tiffin April 3, ISO;!. Re- 
signed December 5, 1808. 

Reuben Wood; elected by the legishiturc in 1833. 
Resigned in 1845. 

Rul'us I'. Rtinney; elected by the legi.sluture (the 
last under the old constitution) March 17, 1851, vicv 
Edward Avery, resigned. In October, of the same 
year, was re-elected by the people. Resigned in 1856. 
'I'lie next year removed from Warren to Cleveland. 
In 1803 was again elected to the beiicli and resigned 
in 1804:. 

CLERKS OF TUE tiUPUEME COUKT. 

.Vrnold Green, Cleveland; 1875-78. Riuhurd J. 
Fanning, Cleveland, present incumbent. 

MKMliElt OF UOAIU) OF PUBLIC WOUKS. 

I'eter Thatcher, Cleveland; 1870-70. 

siATE OFFICEKS — Not rcfiUlvuts iit clectiou, bill SH.bse- 
quently residents of the county. 

Alj)honso Hart, Cleveland; Lieutenant Governor. 
1874-70. 

W. W. .Vrnistrong, Cleveland; Secretary of State. 
1803-05. 

Anson Sniythe, Cleveland; School Commissioner. 
1857-03. 

UNITED STATES SENATOR. 

In 18O0 Senator Edw.'ird Tiffin resigned, and Gov- 
ernor Huntington ap])oiuted Stanley Griswold, of 
('leveland, for the une.xpired term, which includei^ 
l)ut a part of one session. 

REPRESENTATIVES IN CONGRESS. 

1837-41, John W. Allen. 1841-43, Sherlock J. 
Andrews. 1853-01, Edward Wade. 1801-03, Albert 
G. Riddle. 18G3-6i), Rufus P. Spaulding. 1873-75, 
Ricli'd C. Parsons. 1875-77, Henry B. Payne. 1877- 
711, Amos Townsend. All residents of Cleveland at 
lime of their election. 

.lUDOES OF UxVITEU STATES DISTRICT CoURT. — 117/// 

date of appointment. 
Hiram V. Willson, February 30, 1855. 

UNITED .STATES MARSHALS. 

.Tabcz W. Fitch, appointed March 20, 1855; Mat- 
thew Johnson,'' ; Noyes B. Prentiss, February. 

1S73 (present incumlicnt.) 

CI.KKK OF UNITED .STATES DISTRICT COURT. 

Earl Hill, March 32, 18G7, present incumbent. 

UNITED STATES DISTRICT ATTORNEYS. 

R. F. Pavue, Moses Kelley, F. J. Dicknian, tJeorge 
Willey. 



United States Commissioners. — With date of up- 
pointnient. 

Joseph Adams, March 20, 1855; John C. Grannis, 
March 30, 1855, to May 13, 1850; Henry H. Dodge, 
May 33, 1857, to May 15, 1863; James D. Cleveland, 
December IG, 1857, to May 15, 18G3; Samuel D. 
Starkweather, Jr., July 14, 1858, to May 15, 18G3; 
Bushnell Wliite, May 13, 1859, to May 15, 1803; 
Ciiester Hayden, February 13, 1859; J. D. Cleveland, 
May 15, 1803; Bushnell White, May 15, 1803; F. W. 
Green, July 39, 1803; II. S. Sherman, April 3, 1807, 
J. F. Herrick, June 12, 1807; Earl Bill, June 21, 
1807; Charles H. Robinson, October 7, 1807, to May 
14, 1877; F. M. Keith, Jr., July 37, 1809; Charles 
L. Weeks, September 10, 18G9, to May 14, 1877; 
Charles II. Bill, January 11, 1871; N. P. Goodhue, 
Ajjril 10, 1874; Clifton B. Beach, April 10, 1874; L. 
M. Schwan, April 15, 1874; T. E. Burton, August 
31, 1875; Adolphus Alexander, July 15, 187G; George 
Wyman, May 11, 1877; Charles W. Guernsey, May 
11, 1877; Charles Balfour, November 13, 1877; Jnlius 
G. Pomerene, November 38, 1877; A. J. Eicks, March 

23, 1878; E. W. Page, March 22, 1878. 

.JUDGES OF THE COUKT OF COMMON PLEAS — Appointed 

for Seven Years by the (lovernor, with date of Ap- 
pointment : 

Benjamin Ruggles, of St. Clairsville, (Belmont Co.), 
June 0, 1810; Nathan Perry, Cleveland, June 0, 1810; 
Augustus Gilbert, Cleveland, June G, 1810; Timothy 
Doane, Euclid (now East Cleveland), June G, 1810; 
Erastus Miles, Newburg, March 3, 1814; Elias Lee, 
Euclid, March 3, 1814; George Tod, Youngstown, 
(Mahoning Co.), November 3, 1815; John II. Strong, 
Cleveland, May 38, 1817; Thomas Card, Willoughby, 
(now Lake Co.), February 8, 1819; Samuel William- 
sou, Cleveland, February 5, 1821 ; George Tod, 
Youngstown, reappointed February 24, 1823; Isaac 
M. Morgan, Brecksville, February 26, 1824; Nemiah 
Allen, Willoughby, February 8, 1825; Samuel Wil- 
liamson, Cleveland, reappointed February 5, 1838; 
Reuben Wood, Cleveland, Marcli 30, 1830; Watrous 
Usher, Olmstead, February 2(i, 1831; Simeon Fuller, 
Willoughby, April 9, 1833; Matthew Birchard, War- 
ren, (Trumbull Co.), April 22, 1833; Eben Ilosmer, 
Newburgh, October 0, 1834; Josiah Barber, Brook- 
lyn, March 17, 1835; Van R. Humphrey, Hudson, 
(Summit Co.), March 2, 1837; Samuel Cowles, Cleve- 
land, September 18, 1837; Daniel Warren, Warrens- 
ville, February 8, 1838; Frederick Whittlesey, Cleve- 
land, February 37, 1838; John W. Willey, Cleveland, 
February 18, 1840; Reuben Hitchcock, Painesville, 
(Lake Co.), July 14, 1841; Benjamin Bissell, Paines- 
ville, Jannary 22, 1843; Asiier M. Coe, Dover, F'eb- 
ruary 9, 1842; Joseph Hay ward, Cleveland, February 
9, 1842; Thomas M. Kelley, Cleveland, February 24, 
1845; Pliiltmon Bliss, Elyria, (Lorain Co.), February 

24, 1840; Quintus F. Atkins, Cleveland, March G, 
1849; Benjamin Northrup, Strongsville, March 6, 



212 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



1849; Samuel Starkweather, Clevelandj January IG, 
1851. 

Ekdcd h]j the Pctiple for Five Years, zvith Year of 
Election: 

Horace Foote, Cleveland, 1853; Thomas Bolton, 
ClcYcland, 185G; Jesse P. Bishop, Cleveland, 1850; 
Horace Foote, re-elected 1858; Thomas Bolton, re- 
elected 18G1; James M. Coffinbeny, Cleveland, 1861; 
Horace Foote, re-elected 18G3; Samuel B. Prentiss, 
Cleveland, 18GG; Horace Foote, re-elected 1SC8; Rob- 
ert F. Paine, Cleveland, 18G9; Samuel B. Prentiss, 
re-elected 1871; Darius Cadwell, Cleveland, 1873; G. 
M. Barber, Cleveland, 1875; J. M. Jones, Cleveland, 
1875; E. T. Hamilton, Cleveland, 1875; J. H. Mc- 
Math, Cleveland, 1875; Samuel B. Prentiss, re-elected 
187C; Darius Cadwell, Cleveland, re-elected 1878. 

Judges of the Pkukate Court. — Elcdvd hij the 
2H'oplefor three years, xvitli.yewr of their election. 

Flavel W. Bingham, Cleveland, 1851; Daniel R. 

Tilden, Cleveland, 1854; continuously re-elected -to 
the present time. 

1'kosecuting Attokneys. — A^ipoinlcd by the Court 
of Common Pleas, witli date of ummntinent. 
Peter Hitchcock, Burton, (Geauga County) June 
G, 1810; Alfred Kelley, Cleveland, November 7, 1810; 
Leonard Case, Cleveland, June 1, 1835; Sherlock J. 
Andrews, Cleveland, May 15, 1830; Varuum J. Card, 
Clevelaud, November 5, 1832. 

Elected hy the people fur two years, with year of elec- 
tion. 

Varnnm J. Card, 183S, and again in 1835; Simeon 
Ford, Cleveland, 1837; Thomas Bolton, Cleveland, 
1839; P. T. Backus, Cleveland, 1841, and again in 
1843; Bushnell White, Cleveland, 1845; Stephen I. 
Noble, Cleveland, 1847; Joseph Adams, Cleveland, 
1849; Samuel Adams, Cleveland, 1851; Samuel Wil- 
liamson, Cleveland, 1853; A. G. Riddle, Cleveland, 
1855; Loren Prentiss, Cleveland, 1857; A. T. Slade, 
Newburg, 1859; Bushnell White, Clevelaud, 1861; 
Charles W. Palmer, Cleveland, 18G3; M. S. Castle, 
Clevelaud, 18G5; J. M. Jones, Cleveland, 1867; E. 
P. Sladc, Cleveland, 18G9; Homer B. De AVolf, Cleve- 
land, 1871; William Robison, Cleveland, 1873; Sam- 
uel M. Eddy, Cleveland, 1875; John C. Hutcliius. 
Cleveland, 1877. 

Clerks of Court of Common Pleas. — Appointed 
by the Court. 

John Walworth, Cleveland, June 6, 1810; Horace 
Perry, Clevelaud, November 14, 1812; re-appointed 
for seven years March 3, 1814, again November 10, 
1820, and a third time October 16, 1827; Harvey 
Rice, Cleveland, October 17, 1834; Aaron Clark, 
Cleveland, October 19, 1841; Frederick Whittlesey, 
Cleveland, November 11, 1841; Aaron Clark, Novem- 



ber 11, 1848; Robert F. Paine, Cleveland, October 
27, 1849. 

Elected hy lite peopile for tliree years, with year of 
election. 

James D. Cleveland, Cleveland, 1851; John Barr, 
Cleveland, 1854; Roland D. Noble, Cleveland, 1857; 
Frederick J. Prentiss, Cleveland, 1860, and re-elected 
in 1863; Frederick S. Smith, Cleveland, 1866, and 
again in 1869; Benjamin S. Cogswell, Cleveland, 
1872; Wilbur F. Hinman, Cleveland, 1875; re-elected 
in 1878. 

County Commissioners — Elected by tJte peojile for 
three years. 

Jabez Wright, Cleveland, 1810; Nathaniel Doane, 
Clevelaud, 1810; Erastus Miles, Newburg, 1811; 
Pliilo Taylor, Dover, 1813; Samuel S. Baldwin, New- 
burg, 1813; Samuel Dodge, Cleveland, 1814; Jared 
Pritchard, Cleveland, 1815; Theodore Miles, New- 
burg, 1815; Samuel Williamson, Cleveland, 1818; 
Thomas Card, Willoughby (now Lake Co.), 1818; 
Datus Kelley, Roekport, 1819; John Shaw, Euclid, 
1819; Isaac M. Morgan, Brecksville, 1821; Lemuel 
Hoadley, Cleveland, 1822; Simon Fuller, Willoughby, 
1823; David Long, Cleveland, appointed to fill a 
vacancy in 1824, and afterward elected same year; 
Noah Crocker, Dover, 1825; Johathan Fisher, Inde- 
pence, 1825; Pliilo Scovill, Cleveland, 1827; Jona- 
than Fisher, re-elected, 1828; Leverctt Johnson, 
Dover, 1829;' Job" Doan, Cleveland, 1830; John B. 
Stewart, Royalton, 1831; Samuel Mcllrath, Cleve- 
land, 1832; Seth S. Handerson, Newburg, 1833; 
David Harvey, Strongsville, 1834; Jonathan Fisher, 
Independence, 1835; Samuel Mcllrath, Cleveland, 
183G; John B. Stewart, Royalton, 1837; Diodate 
Clark, Brooklyn, 1838; Moses Jewett, Newburg, 1839, 
Vesi)asian Stearns, Olmsted, 1840; Diodate Clark, re- 
elected, 1841; Noah Graves, Chagrin Falls, 1842, 
Theodore Breck, Brecksville, 1843; Diodate Clark, 
re-elected, 1844; Ezra Eddy, Mayfield, 1845; Alva H. 
Brainard, Newburg, 1846; Diodate Clark, re-elected, 
1847; Ezra Eddy, re-elected, 1848, Jason Bradley, 
Dover, 1849; Diodate Clark, re-elected, 1850; John 
Welsh, East Cleveland, 1851; Jason Bradley, re- 
elected, 1852; Melanchtou Barnett, Cleveland, 1853; 
Francis Branch, Brooklyn, 1854; William W. Rich- 
ards, Solon, 1855; Azariah Everett, Cleveland, 1856; 
Francis Branch, re-elected, 1857; William AV. Rich- 
ards, re-elected, 1858; Azariah Everett, re-elected, 
1859; John Barnum, Roekport, 18G0; David Hoege, 
Mayfield, 18G1; Randall Crawford, Cleveland, 18G2; 
John Barnum, re-elected, 1863; Charles Force, Cha- 
grin Falls, 1864; Randall Crawford, re-elected, 1865; 
Marius Moore, Dover, 1866; David Hoege, Mayfield, 
1867; Randall Crawford, re-elected, 1868; John tieis- 
sendorfer. Independence, 1869; David Hoege, re- 
elected, 1870; Randall Crawford, re-elected, 1871; 
Charles Jacksou, Orange, appointed to fill a vacancy, 
1872; John Gcissendorfer, re-elected, 1872; Charles 



CUYAUOGA COUNTY CIVIL LIST. 



213 



Jiic'kson, 1873; George A. Scblatterbeck, Cleveland, 
ISTl; Philander B. Giirdner, Bcrca, 1875; Charles 
.Jaekson, re-elected, 187G; George A. Schlatlerbeck, 
re-elected, 1S77; Josiah W. Hurst, Dover, 1878. 

Clerks oi> the Board of County Commissionkus. 
— Appointed hy the Board. 

Jabez Wright, Cleveland, 1810; Erastus Miles, 
Newburg, 1811; Nathaniel Doane, Cleveland, 1813; 
Samuel S. Baldwin, Newburg, 1813; Nathaniel 
l)oane, 1814; Theodore Miles, Newburg, 1815, again 
ill 1816 and 1817; Samuel Dodge, Cleveland, 181S; 
1. B. Lee, Cleveland, 1818, and again in 1819 and 
1830; John Shaw, Euclid, 1831; Leonard Case, Cleve- 
land, 1831. 

From this period the duties of the clerk devolved 
iipou the county auditor, ex-officio. 

Ai'UiTOKS — Elected hy the people fur two ye((rs, with 
year of eleciioit. 

Leonard Case, Cleveland, 1822; John W. W'illey, 
Cleveland, 1834; re-elected in 183G; Orville B. Skin- 
ner, Cleveland, 1838; re-elected in 1830 and 1832; 
Arvis S. Chapman, Cleveland, ajipointed to fill vac- 
ancy, 1834; Samuel Williamson, Cleveland, 1834; re- 
elected in 1836, 1838 and 1840; James A. Briggs, 
Cievelaud, 1843; re-elected in 1844 and 1S4G; D. 11. 
Whip[ile, Cleveland, 1848; Albert Clark, Cleveland, 
apjiointed for unexpired term 1848; re-elected in 1850; 
Charles Winslow, Cleveland, 1852; William Fuller, 
Brooklyn, 1854; re-elected in 1856 and 1858; Henry 
C. Hawkins, Cleveland, 1860; re-elected in 1863; 
Ansel Roberts, Cleveland, 1864; re-elected in 18()6; 
Williams. Jones, Cleveland, 1868; reelected in 1870 
and 1873; L. D. Benedict, Cleveland, ajtpointed to 
1111 vacancy 1874; elected also 1875; L. ¥. Bander, 
Cleveland, elected to a term of three years, 1877. 

SilEUiFFS — Appointed by the Court of ('oiiniion 
fleas. 

Smith S. r>aldwin, Cleveland, lSlii-13; Harvey 
.Murray, Cleveland, 1813, one montii; Kben llosnier, 
Newl)nrg, 1813-17; Enoch Ahirray, Cleveland, 1817- 
I'.i; Seth Doan, Cleveland, 18r.i-31; James S. Clark, 
Euclid, 1834-3U. 

Elected hy the [teople for two years with date of as- 
■suiiiiny office. 

A. S. Barnuni, Rockport, November 1, 1834; Seth 
S. Henderson, Newburg, November 1, 1836; re-elected 
1838; Madison Miller, Cleveland, November 1, 1840; 
re-elected 1843; Huron Beebe, Cleveland, Novendjerl, 
1844; re-elected 1846; Elias S. Root, Cleveland, Nov- 
ember 1, 1848; Alva H. Brainard, Bedford, November 
1, 1850; Seth A. Abbey, Cleveland, November 4, 
1852; Miller M. Spangler, November 6, 1854; re- 
elected 1856; David L. Wightnum, Warrensville, 
Janiuiry 3, 1850; James A. Craw, Cleveland, January 
7, 1861; Edgar H. Lewis, Cleveland, January 5, 1863; 
Felix Nicola, Cievelaud, January 3, 1865; re-elected 



1866; John N. Frazee, Cleveland, January 4, 1860; 
re-elected 1870; Pardon B. Smith, Cleveland, January 
6, 1873; A. P. Winslow, Cleveland, January 2, 1875; 
John M. Wilcox, Cleveland, January 1, 1877; re- 
elected to begin January 1st, 1879. 

Treasurers — Ajipointed tiy the County (Joinmis- 
sioners, with time of serricc. 

Asa Dille, Cleveland; 1810-11. P^rastus Miles, 
Newburg; 1811-14.. David Long, Cleveland, 1814- 
16. Daniel Kelley, Cleveland, 1816-38. 

Elerted by the people for two years, with year 
of election. 

Ciaiiis Burk, Newburg, 1828; re-elected in 1830. 
Edward Baldwin, Cleveland, 1832; re-elected in 
1834, '36, '38, '40 and '43. De Witt Clinton Baldwin, 
Cleveland, appointed for unexpired term, 1843; Me- 
lanetiion Barnett, Clevelaiul, 1844; re-elected in 1846 
and '48. George C. Dodge, Cleveland, 1850; I'c- 
elected in 1852 and '54. William Waternuxn, Cleve- 
land, 1856; re-elected in 1858. Harvey Burke, New- 
burg, 1860. A. M. Burke, Newburg, ajipointed to 
fill vacancy, 1801. Henry S. Whittlesey, Cleveland, 
1862; rej3lectcd in 18G4. Josej)h Tiirney, Newburg, 
1866; re-elected in 1868. Frank Lynch, Cleveland, 
1869 (year of election changed); re-elected in 1871. 
F. W. Pelton, Cleveland, 1873; re-elected in 1875. 
Moses G. Watterson, Cleveland, 1877. 

Recorders — A/ipninted iiy the Court of Comnmn 
J'leas, with lime iif serrire. 

John Walworth, Cleveland, 1810-13. Horace 
Perry, Cleveland, 1813-34. 

Elected by the people for three years, witli year 
of election. 

Joseph B. Bartlett, ('leveland, 1834; re-elected in 
1837. James B. Finney, Cleveland, 1840. William 
Richards, Cleveland, 1843; re-elected in 1846. 
Cliarles Winslow, Cleveland, 1849. Lee Ford, Bed- 
ford, 1853. John Packard, Cleveland, 1855; re- 
elected 1858. James Brokensiiire, Cleveland, 1861. 
Benjamin Lamson, Bedford, 1864; re-elected 1867. 
Edward H. Buhni, Cleveland, 1870; re-elected 1873; 
Asa M. Vansickle, Indej[»endence, 1870. 

Surveyors — Appointed by the Court oj Common 
I'teas, with lime of sercicc. 

Samuel S. Baldwin, Newburg, 1810-1833; Edwin 
Foote, Brooklyn, 1823-1838; Ahaz Merchant, Cleve- 
land, 1838-1833. 

Elected by the people for three years, with year of 
elect ion. 

Alia/, Meri'iianl, Cleveland, 1S33; William R. Coon, 
Dover, 1830; William H. Knaj)!), Independence, 
1839; re-clcctetl in 1843; Ahaz ilcreliant, Cleveland, 
1845; re-elected 1848; J. C. Saxton, East Cleveland, 
1851; Aarou Merchant, Cleveland, 1854; re-elected 



314 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



in 1857, 1800, 1863, and 186G; Jolm M. Ackley, 
Brooklyn, 18G9; re-elected in 1873; C. H. Burgess, 
Cleveland, 1875; re-elected 1878. 

STATE SENATORS. 

1803, Samuel Huntington, Cleveland; 1831-33, 
Alfred Kelley, Cleveland; 1833-34, Jabez Wright, 
Cleveland; 1835-39, Reuben Wood, Cleveland; 1830- 
33, John W. Willey, Cleveland; 1833-34, Frederick 
Whittlesey, Cleveland; 1835-36, John W. Allen, 
Cleveland; 1837-28, Simeon Fuller, Willoughby 
(tlien in Cuyahoga county); 1839-40, Richard Lord, 
Ohio City; 1843-44, Moses Kelley, Cleveland; 1847- 
48, Franklin T. Backus, Cleveland; 1849-50, Henry 
B. Payne, Cleveland; 1853-53, Harvey Rice, Cleve- 
land; 1854-55, John A. Foot, Cleveland; 1856-57, 
Hiram Griswold, Cleveland; 1858-59, William Slade, 
Jr., Cleveland; 1860-61, Theodore Breck, Brecks- 
ville; 1863-03, John P. Robison, Cleveland; 1864-07, 
Samuel Williamson, Cleveland; 1808-69, David A. 
Dangler, Cleveland; 1870-71, W. S. Streator, Cleve- 
land; 1873-73, Benjamin R. Beavis, Cleveland; Al- 
lan T. Brinsmade, Cleveland; 1874-75, Harvey W. 
Curtiss, Chagrin Falls; William Bingham, Cleveland; 
1870-77, Julius C. Scheuck, Cleveland; Harvey W. 
Curtiss, Chagrin Falls; 1878-79, Harvey W. Curtiss, 
Chagrin Falls. 

REPRESENTATIVES IN THE STATE ASSEMBLY. 

1804, Amos Spafford, Cleveland; 1800, James 
Kingsbury, Cleveland; 1809, Amos Spafford, Cleve- 
land; 1811, Samuel Huntington, Cleveland; 1813, 
Samuel S. Baldwin, Nevvburg; 1813, John H. Strong, 
Cleveland; 1814-10, Alfred Kelley, Cleveland; 1817- 
18, Lewis Dille, Euclid; 1819, Alfred Kelley, Cleve- 
land; 1830, Lewis Dille, Euclid; 1831, Josiah Barber, 
Brooklyn; 1833, Elias Lee, Euolid; 1833, William 
Coleman, Euclid; 1834-30, Leonard Case, Cleveland: 
1837, Josiah A. Harris, Cleveland; 1838-39, John 
W. Willey, Cleveland; 1830, Harvey Rice, Cleveland; 
1831-33, Job Doan, Cleveland; 1833, Timothy Doan, 
Euclid; 1834-35, Nehemiah Allen, Willoughby (then 
in Cuyahoga county); 1830, Philo Scovill, Cleveland; 
1837, Jolm A. Foot, Cleveland; Leverett Johnson, Do- 
ver; 1838, Leverett Johnson, Dover; William B. Lloyd, 
Cleveland; 1839, William B. Lloyd, Cleveland; 1840, 
Leverett Johnson, Dover; J. H. Vincent, Chagrin 
Falls; 1841-43, Thomas M. Kelley, Cleveland; 1843, 
Samuel Mcllrath, Cleveland; David Harvey, Strougs- 
ville; 1844, David Harvey, Strongsville; John M. 
Woolsey, Cleveland; 1845, David Harvey, Strongs- 
ville; 1840, Franklin T. Backus, Cleveland; Theodore 
Breck, Brecksville; 1847, Theodore Brecksville; 1848, 
Leverett Johnson, Dover; 1849, John Gill, Cleveland; 
1850, Samuel Williamson, Cleveland; 1853-53', Arthur 
Hughes, Cleveland; George T. Baruum, Rockport; 
1854—55, James Tousley, Royaltou; Erasmus D. Bur- 
ton, Euclid; 1856-57, Leverett Johnson, Dover; Isaac 
Brayton, Newburg; Geo. Mygatt, Cleveland; 1858-59, 
A. G. Gardner, Cleveland; John Watson, Cleveland; 



Richard C. Parsons, Cleveland; 1860-61, Richard C. 
Parsons (speaker); C. T. Blakeslee, Chagrin Falls; 
1863-63, Franklin J. Dickman, Cleveland; Charles H. 
Babcock, Brooklyn; Seneca 0. Griswold, Cleveland. 
1804-65, Charles H. Babcock, Brooklyn; Azariah Ev- 
erett, Cleveland; Charles B. Loekwood,- Cleveland. 
1866-07, Charles B. Lockwood, Cleveland; David A. 
Dangler, Cleveland; Morris E. Gallup, Cleveland. 
1808-09, Moses E. Gallup, Cleveland; N. B. Sherwin, 
Cleveland; Robert B. Dennis, Cleveland. 1870-71, 
Robert B. Dennis, Cleveland; George A. Hubljard, 
Cleveland; William N. Hudson, Cleveland; Harvey 
W. Curtiss, Chagiin Falls. 1873-73, Harvey W. 
Curtiss, Chagrin Falls; Charles H. Babcock, Brooklyn; 
William C. McFarland, Cleveland; George Noakes, 
Cleveland; Henry M. Chapman, Euclid. 1874r-75, 
Henry M. Chajiman, Euclid; John M. Cooley, Dover. 
Joseph M. Poe, Brooklyn; John P. Holt, Cleveland; 
Orlando J. Hodge, Cleveland. 1876-77, Orlando 
J. Hodge, Cleveland; John Felirenbatch, Cleveland; 
Theodore Breck, Brecksville; Harry Sorter, Mayfiekl; 
Marshall L. Dempcey, Warreusville. 1878-79, Mar- 
shall L. Dempcy, Warrensville; John C. Covert, 
Cleveland; George H. Foster, Cleveland; L. A. 
Palmer, Rockport; Josejjh M. Poe, Brooklyn. 

MEMBERS OF CONSTITUTIONAL CONVENTIONS. 

The first Constitutional Convention met November 
1, 1803, at Chillicothe. The delegates from Trum- 
bull county were David Abbott, of Willoughby, and 
Samuel Huntington, of Cleveland. 

The second Constitutional Convention met at Co- 
lumbus, May 6, 1850. Sherlock J. Andrews repre- 
sented Cuyahoga county. 

The third Constitutional Convention convened at 
Columbus, May 13, 1873; the following being the 
delegates from Cuyahoga county: Sherlock J. An- 
drews, Martin A. Foran, Seneca 0. Griswold, Jacob 
Mueller, Amos Townsend. 



CHAPTER XLIII. 

GEOLOGY * 

The Map— The Transition Period— Condition of Eastern Ohio then— The 
Open Sea— Its Inhaliitants— The Erie Shales— Cleveland Shales— Bed- 
ford Shales— Berea Grit — Cuyahoga Shales— Carlioniferous Conglom- 
erate — Topography — Surface Deposits— Oil and Gas Wells— Pre-glacial 
Scenery. 

A STUDY of the map accompanying this sketch, 
which was prepared by Professor Newberry for the 
Ohio geological reports, will make it easy to under- 
stand the geological structure of the county, which 
is simple and easily made out from the many contin- 
uous exposures of the rock strata in the valleys of the 
streams. All of the indurated rocks of the county 
are now regarded as sub-carboniferous, and as depos- 
ited in that transition period which preceded th e 
deijosition of the coal measure rocks. 



' By M. C. Read, A. M., Lecturer on Geology 
College, Hudson, Ohio. 



1 Western Reserve 




GEOLOGICAL MAP 

BY 

J. S. Newberry, M.D. 




13 


Conglomerate 




11 


Waverly 




10. 


Erie Shale. 





GEOLOGY. 



21,' 



At the commonconjent of tliis period, the whole of 
the eastern lialf of the State of Ohio constituted a 
]):irt of tlie open sea, with the shore line of tlie land 
on Mie west extending from Eric county southward, 
;il<)ng a line passing a little to the east of Columbus, 
ihence into what is now the State of Kentucky, the 
ocean extending around this headland into the State 
iif Indiana, occupying the greater part of Illinois, and 
a broad expanse to the west. 

This ancient sea was inhabited by a variety of fish, 
among them the most remarkable (janoids known, 
some of which are described by Professor Newberry 
in the geological reports. It supported, also, a mass 
of fueoids and other sea-weeds, and in it was gradually 
laid dowii that great mass of carbonaceous shale, the 
()utcro])s of which may be seen along a line running 
from Erie county southward through the State, via 
Delaware county, and which, with a thickness of sev- 
eral hundred feet, underlies the exposed rocks of this 
county. It is regarded as the great source of supply 
of the oil-wells of Pennsylvania and of the gas-wells 
of Northern Ohio. 

Over this, and in comparatively quiet waters, were 
deposited the Erie shales, colored green upon the 
map, being the oldest rocks exposed in their natural 
lied in the county. They are composed of soft, fria- 
ble, bluish-green shales, with bands of impure lime- 
stone, containing a profusion of fossils. They are in 
this county about five hundred feet in thickness, di- 
minishing to the west and steadily increasing in 
thickness to the east, and are regarded as the e(|uiva- 
lent of the upper half of the Portage group of the 
New York geologists. In Penn.sylvania they contain 
bands of coarse sandstone, constituting the lower 
sand rocks of the oil regions. In this county fissures 
in the shale are in places filled with dessicated petro- 
leum, resembling albertitc, and having essentially the 
same chemical composition. Where exposed they 
disclose no valuable minerals in sufficient quantity to 
be of any practical importance. 

CLEVELAND SHALE. 

After the dejwsition of the Erie siialcs tlic cdndi- 
lions became such that a large growth of vegetation 
was supported in and on the shores of the open water, 
by the i)artial decomposition of which the .«ediment 
was filled with carbonaceous matter, which, com- 
pressed and consolidated, formed the Cleveland shale. 
This is a bed of black, highly bituminous shale, con- 
taining ten to fifteen per cent, of combustible matter, 
and is the source of supply of most of the oil wells 
and springs in northeastern Ohio. The shale is 
tough, in thin layers, and when exposed to the air 
l)eeomes red from the slow consumption of the car- 
bonaceous matter and the peroxidization of the iron. 

The formation is in this county from twenty to 
sixty feet thick, the lower half often taking on the 
characteristics of the Erie shale below, showing that 
the changed conditions at the time of its deposition 
were not niiiform over the county. Prof. Newberry 



has obtained from this shale at Bedford quite a num- 
ber of fish teeth, consisting of species of Polyrhizn- 
du.i, C'ladodiix and Orodu/ij all carbonaceous sharks. 

The surfaces of the shale are also in this locality 
sometimes covered with little comb-like fossils de- 
scribed by Pander, the Russian pahuontologist, undei' 
the name of Conodonts and supposed by him to be 
the teeth of small sharks. Tiiese I think will prove 
to be dermal ossicles of cartilagenous fishes, and to be 
most nearly allied to the shagreen tiiat covers some 
portions of the sturgeon. (Prof. N., Vol. I, Ohio Ge- 
ology.) Other eminent palaeontologists regard them 
as the teeth of Annelids. It has also yielded finely 
preserved specimens of the palatal teeth of Ctenodvs 
Wagneri (Newb.), of oue specimen of which he has 
furnished me an excellent cast. 

The analysis of this shale by Prof. Wormley gives 
the following as its composition: 

Water, 1.10; earthy matter, 87. 10; volatile nuitter, 
G.90; fixed carbon, 4.90: 100.00. Combustible mat- 
ter, 11.80; gas per lb. 0.C3 cu. ft. 

Should the supply of petroleum from wells fail it 
could be profitably otjtained from this shale by distil- 
lation. 

BEDFORD SHALES. 

After the deposition of the Cleveland shales the 
conditions were again changed and the sediment con- 
tained but little carbonaceous matter, the coloring 
material of the rocks being the blue carbonate of iron. 
The material deposited was a mixture of argillaceous 
and siliceous mud, forming clay shales wiiere the for- 
mer predominated and sandstone where the latter pre- 
dominated. The upper part of this deposit is in 
places conspicuously red at the outcrops, the result 
of peroxidization of the iron. 

At the Newburg, Kingsbury and East Cleveland 
quarries the deposit is a fine-grained, blue quarry-rock, 
a serviceable stone for walls, window sills, etc., and 
for sawing into flagging stone, but requires a careful 
selection to exclude that containing iron sulphide, 
which by oxydization will color and disintegrate the 
stone. A single firm at East Cleveland furnishes 
about fift}' thou.sand S(|uare feet of flagging stone ])er 
jear from this rock, and that from Newburg is ex- 
tensively used both in and out of the county. The 
lower portion carries large numbers of molluscous fos- 
sils. In the first volume of the Ohio Re|)orts these 
quarries were described as on the .same horizon as the 
" Bucna-Vista" stone of the Sciota vallej', which has 
an excellent reputation and is quite similar to this 
Cuyahoga stone; but Prof. Orton in a recent report; 
in Ohio statistics (1878) locates this " Buena-Yista" 
immediately above the Berea. Additional work is 
needed for positive identification. 

BEKKA (ilJIT. 

From the sediment deposited immediately above the 
Bedford shale the argillaceous matter was washed out 
and carried away by running water or shore waves, 
leaving a nearly homogeneous niiiss of water-washed 



216 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



saiu], which Wiis subsequently consolidated into rock, 
and constitutes the famous Rvrca stone, called some- 
times the Amhei'st stone, the Independence stone, 
the Ohio stone, etc., of Northern Ohio. It is a build- 
ing stone of great excellence, the best in the State, 
and equal to the best obtained anjwhere. It is about 
sixty feet thick, fine grained, compact, strong and 
durable, generally quite homogeneous, and often in 
massive layers which split with great facility along 
the lines of deposition, and can lie quarried in large 
or small blocks as the wants of the consumer require. 
Generally the upper part is in thinner layers, and 
suitable for flagging stone. The lower jiart is ordina- 
rily massive, or in thick layers. It furnishes superior 
material for grindstones, and is the basis of import- 
ant industries in the country, the shipments from 
Berea alone aggregating about ten thousand car-loads 
a year. 

The outcrop of this rock is in places covered by 
the drift, but can be traced from Olmstead Falls 
through Berea in Middlebnrgh township, Parma, Inde- 
pendence and Brecksville on the west side of the Cuya- 
hoga, through Newburg, East Cleveland and Euclid, 
thence up the Chagrin river through Mayfield and 
Orange township to Chagrin Falls, where it forms the 
bed of the river, and down the river on the opposite 
side to Gates Mills, where it trends eastwardly into 
Geanga county. In all of these townships excellent 
quarries could be 02iened, and the prospective value of 
this rock within the limits of the couuty can hardly 
1)0 computed. In most of the townships quarries are 
already opened, and tliere is no city in the United 
Stiites which can be supplied with a first-class build- 
ing stone in much larger quantities and at cheai^er 
rates than Cleveland. 

The color of the stone differs at the various open- 
ings on account of the difference in the auouut of 
iron contained in it, and of the different modes in 
which tills is distributed. At Berea some of it is 
white, but the prevailing color is gray; at Independ- 
ence and Chagrin Falls light buff or drab, and in 
])laces it is filled with dark colored spots from the un- 
equal distribution of the coloring matter. This is a 
very general characteristic in the eastern counties of 
the State. 

Plants similar to those of the coal measures and 
the remains of fishes are sparingly found in this bed. 
At Chagrin Falls a number of specimens of a ganoid 
fish — Palacnniscns Braincrdi — have been gathered, 
also shark's teeth, Liiujulac and the Ctenaccanthiis. 

CUYAHOGA SHALES. 

A somewhat sudden transition occurred after the 
deposition of the materials of the Berea grit, and a 
finely comminated argillaceous sediment was deposited 
in quiet waters which swarmed with lingnlae, disca- 
enal and other molluscous animals. The lingnlae and 
discaenal are so abundant in the shales immediately 
resting upon the Berea that they have become a reli- 



able indication of its presence below when completely 
covered by the overlying shales. 

The accumulation of this sediment continued until 
it attained a thickness of between one hundred and 
fifty and two hundred feet, much of it argillaceous and 
resulting in clay shales, some so siliceous as to produce 
a fine grained sandstone in thin layers, and occasion- 
ally containing such an abundance of the remains of 
molluscous animals as to result in an impure lime- 
stone. 

It discloses in the county no valuable minerals, 
but should be thoroughly exploi-ed for the outcrops 
of a mass of evenly bedded, hard grained sandstone, 
which splits with difticulty, resists abrasion, and is 
quarried in Trumbull and Summit counties for a pav- 
ing stone. For this use it is admirably adapted, 
and in appearance, and under all tests with the ham- 
mer, appears fully equal to the stone brought to 
Cleveland for this use from the State of New York. 
It is to be found in the upper half of the Cuyahoga 
shales, and quarries in it would prove of great value 
to the City of Cleveland. The Cuyahoga shale in the 
neighboring counties contains a great variety of well 
preserved fossils, most of which may probably be 
found in it within this county. 

These four beds, which have been described in an 
ascending order, above the Erie shale and below the 
conglomerate, constitute the Waverly group of the 
first Ohio Geological survey, and are colored yellow 
upon the map. The subdivisions in it, which are so 
phunly marked in the valley of the Cuyahoga, can 
not be traced through the State, but the group, as a 
whole, is well defined, and the term may well be re- 
tained l)y all writers upon Ohio Geology. 

CARBONIFEROUS CONGLOMERATE. 

The material laid down upon the Cuyahoga shales 
presents very much the appearance of the water- 
washed and reassorted residuum of a glacial drift. It 
is a coarse sandstone, containing many well ronuded 
water-washed quartz pebbles, and some large frag- 
ments of various granitic and metamorj)hic rocks. 
Whatever may be the mode by which the material 
was brought to its present position, it was evidently 
subjected to the action of shore waves, wliich carried 
away all the finer material, and reassorted all the 
sand and coarse gravel, but was not long enough con- 
tinued to grind up and destroy all the vegetable re- 
mains imbedded in it. 

It contains, in places, a profusion of the remains of 
cnlaiiiites, the Icpidoilendron, and other plants of the 
coal measures, which are so well preserved as to show 
that they were not carried far from their place of 
growth. The quartz pebbles and coarse gravel in- 
cluded in the dejiosit are most abundant near the 
base, and in places constitute the great mass of the 
rock. It projects into the country from the high- 
lands of the south, on both sides of the river, being 
the surface rock in a part of Brecksville, Royaltou 







^Z^x^n^t^ 



nEOLOGY. 



317 



and Stroiifrgville townsliips, on the west side; and of 
Solon, Orange and Warrcnsville, on the east. Its 
surface is from four hundred and fifty to five hundred 
feet above tlie lalce, and is colored red upon the nuip. 
l"'rom it could he oljtained an unlimited supply of 
good stone for bridge and foundation uses, but tlie 
superior (juality and nearer proximity to Cleveland 
of the Berea, makes the conglomerate of little im- 
])ortance, except for local use. 

At the time of the deposit of this, the most recent 
of the indurated rocks of the county, the continent 
supported no flowering plants; the vegetation of the 
land and water was confined to sea-weeds, mosses and 
ferns; no mammals, birds or reptiles had )i])peared 
anywhere, the most highly organized animals being 
f/iDioidf:, mud-fishes and sharks; the North American 
continent extended from the polar regions into but a 
small part of what now constitutes the United States; 
The Alleghanics and the Rocky Mountains were not 
lifted above the ocean, and during all subsequent 
geological times until the glacial epoch is approached, 
the history of Cuyahoga county must remain unwrit- 
ten except as its condition may be inferred from re- 
cords outside of the county. 

During this long period sedimentary rocks, includ- 
ing all those of the coal measures and the Permian of 
I'ala'ozoic time as well as all these of those Mesozoic 
and Cenozoie time, and aggregating in thickness not 
far from twenty-five thousand feet, weredej)osited; the 
most important mountaiti chains of the continent 
were lifted from the ocean, and by slow accretions the 
continent assumed its ])resent form. The fauna and 
llora also changed with the changed condition of the 
continent, and evidence is not wanting that Cuyahoga 
county for a long time enjoyed a trojjical or sub- 



tropical climate, and that its soil supported a luxuri- 
ant vegetation of tropical plants and trees. Jlany of 
these have left no representatives in this latitude, Ijut 
the gigantic Sequoia of California and our own magni- 
ficent whitewood or tulip tree, Lierodendron tulipifera, 
are survivors of genera which, in tertiary times, 
were represented by very many species. The con- 
tinent was also inhabited by many strange and for- 
midable animals, wild horses, oxen, huge reptiles, 
birds with reptile-like teeth, mastodons, elephants, 
etCi, the remains of the two latter showing that they 
were inhabitants of this county; the presence of the 
others only to be inferred from the fact that Cuyahoga 
county remained a part of the elevated land nl' the 
continent and open to their occupancy. 

Of the closing years of this epoch, before the drift, 
some records remain inscribed upon the rock strata 
of the county in the form of deep channels of ero- 
sion carried below the present line of drainage, and 
showing that the land formerly stood at a much 
higher elevation than now, and which will be herein- 
after described. 

TOPOOKAPIIY. 

The topography of the county has l)cen determined 
liy three causes modified by the geological structure: 

First. Pre-glacial siirface erosion when the land was 
elevated several hundred feet above the i)resent level. 

Second. The glacial action which scooped out the 
basin of Lake Erie filled the pre-glacial channels of 
erosion, removed the upper parts of the exposed 
strata, and covered the whole surface with drift, the 
debris of local and northern rocks. 

Third. Post-glacial surface erosion, which has es- 
tablished recent channels of drainage, and in jilaces 
assorted and redeposited the material of the drift. 



Profile .Section .\cross the Cuyahoga Valley. 



r - ;->^ 




i 

5 -^ 


J^^ 




^^>^^^^-^ 




a* 1 ■ — 1- ' 1 ■ — 1 ' 1 ■ iX 


f \ ^ 


u - - '- -'- --- - ' V 


y - -_ — -_ 


Sr ->_-.-- ---,^.4..-.>V 


/,,"■ •* ' - -."-.•.*■••-': 






-~ --^ - 



1. Conglomerate. 
'i. Cuyahoga Shale. 
3. Berea Grit. 



Bedford Shale. 
Cleveland Shale. 
Erie Shale. 



7. Old Flood Plain. 

8. Erie Clay in Old Valley. 



This former greater elevation is evidenced hy the 
channels of erosion or canyons cut through the rock 
strata to a depth of some two Jiundred feet below the 
])resent surface of the lake; the Cuyahoga occupying 
one of these channels, and now flowing some two 
hundred feetabove the bed of the ancient river. That 
this greater elevation and subscfiuent depression was 
not local, but is due to some cause affecting the whole 
northern hemisi)hcre, is evidenced by the deeply buried 
ancient river channels in all this territory, and by the 
contour of all the lands in the northern hemisphere. 



as contrasteil with that of the southern. The denu- 
dation of the shore by ocean waves spreads out the 
debris, and gives a substantial level to the floor of the 
ocean, and the elevations of the adjacent land will 
leave its perimeti'r little indented with lieadlands and 
bays. Long continued subaerial erosion of elevated 
lands will cut out deep clianncls, and a subscipient 
subsidence will convert these channels into bays, the 
elevated parts into headlands and capes, giving such 
an irregular contour and indented shore line tis chai'- 
acterizes all the lands of the northern hemispheres 



318 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



and is one of the many causes of their more rapid 
advance in civilization, illustrating the fact that 
geological changes in the remote past have located 
our harbors, established modern centres of commei'ce, 
and determined the relative civilization of different 
sections. 

As the result of these influences and the action of 
the shore waves of the lake, which has formerly been 
at a higher level, the surface of the county presents 
a series of terraces rising from the lake until the old 
lake ridges are past, rising thence southward with a 
gradual slope, except in places where the harder rock 
strata have produced benches or bluSs to the summit 
of the subcarboniferous conglomerate. 

The surface drainage is all into Lake Erie, and 
mainly by the Cuyahoga, Rocky and Chagrin rivers 
and their tributaries, the Cuyahoga within the 
limits of this county occupying the channel of an 
ancient pre-glacial canyon while most of its tributaries 
have excavated their rock channels since the drift 
period. The Rocky river has mainly a recent channel, 
but runs near an ancient river bed, the mouth of 
which may be observed a little west of the mouth of 
the present stream. The channels of the Chagrin 
river and its tiibutaries are mostly post-glacial. These 
topographical peculiarities are the results of agencies 
which have been in operation for a period long enough 
before the glacial epoch for subaerial erosion to ex- 
cavate channels in the rock strata to the depth of 
some seven hundred and fifty feet, (or from. the summit 
of the highlands to the bottom of the ancient bed of 
the Cuyahoga,) and long enough since the close of 
that epoch for the excavation of the recent cliannels 
of the Chagrin and Rocky rivers, and for that of 
Tinker's creek at Bedford. This is but the brief 
closing chapter of the geological history of the past. 

SURFACE DEPOSITS. 

The character of the surface deposits has been 
determined by part of the same causes which shaped 
the topography of the county — the advance of the 
great ice sheet from the north which scooped out the 
basin of the lake, broke up, crushed and pulverized 
the surface rocks, mingled with this debris a part of 
the material scooped out of the lake basin, and that 
brought from the highlands in Canada, filled up the 
ancient channels, and covered the rock surface with 
this mixed material. During some stage of this 
epoch the finer material which would remain long in 
suspension in the water eddied backward toward the 
north either in open or ice covered water, and was 
deposited in the finely laminated clays which are the 
base of the surface dci)osits near the lake, and are 
found in places along the channels of the rivers some- 
times resting on the glaciated rock surface, and some- 
times upon the unmodified drift. 

In places along the valleys this drift-material has 
been ground up and washed by the action of water, 
the finer material carried away, and the residue left in 
the form of stratified sand and gravel, containing 



occasionally large boulders which have resisted all 
the pulverizing agencies. Along the former mar- 
gin of the lake the shore waves have washed out the 
finer portions of this material, ground up the residue 
and left it in a series of ridges marking successive ele- 
vations of the waters of the lake. Four of these 
ridges can be identified at elevations of about one hun- 
dred, one hundred and thirty-five, one hundred and 
seventy-five and two hundred feet respectively above 
the present surface of the lake, resulting in a band of 
light sandy soil, eminently fitted for gardening and 
the raising of peaches and small fruits. 

The drift-deposit, where it has not been modified in 
one of these ways, consists of a bed of clay varying 
greatly in its thickness, filled with the fragments of 
the local rocks and of all the rocks outcropping to 
the north to and including the granitic highlands of 
Canada. These must have included the coruiferou*: 
limestone now constituting the surface rock about 
Sandusky, and as a result this drift clay soil is tem- 
pered and ameliorated by an important percentage of 
lime. The upper part of this drift clay is yellow, Ijut 
where it is of very great thickness the lower part is 
blue; the relation of eacli part being such as to indi- 
cate that the color of the upper is the result of the 
slow peroxidization of the blue oxide of iron in the 
lower clay. This mingled material of the di-ift re- 
sults in a tenacious clay soil admiral)iy adapted for 
grazing, but capable of producing large crojjs of all 
our staple grains where carefully and properly culti 
vated. 

Resting upon this drift are many rounded and angu- 
lar granitic boulders, some of large size, which are 
ordinarily referred to the " Iceberg drift," these being 
regarded as dropped from floating icebergs after the 
mass of the drift was deposited. This may be sup- 
posed to have occurred through the breaking up of 
the retreating glaciers when it had become so thin as 
to float upon the water, and thus have constituted 
the final chapter in the history of the glacial period, 
or to have been the result of a subsequent depression 
of the surface and the floating southward of nortliern 
iceliergs. It is possible, also, that these surface 
boulders may be the result of the sui'face erosion of 
the original drift uncovering the boulders buried in it. 
As tending to the latter conclusion may be noted the 
abundance of these boulders in many jilaces on the 
northern side of the lake ridges where the shore 
waves have removed a large part of the drift deposits. 

OIL AND GAS WELLS. 

Wells have been sunk in the county for petroleum 
at Brighton, in the valley of the Cuyahoga and Rocky 
rivers, and in Mayfield, Warrensville and Euclid. Oil, 
appearing in the lower layers of the Bedford shales 
and seeping out near the outcrops of the Cleveland 
shale, has induced these explorations, and some show 
of oil has been obtained in most of these wells. Deep 
borings in Cleveland, one by the Gas Comjiany and 
one by the Standard Oil Company near the mouth of 



GEOLOGY. 



219 



Kingsbury run, have afforded some gas, while a copi- 
ous How lias been obtained from a well bored by Cap- 
tain Spaulding between Cleveland and liocky River, 
and a still more abundant supply from a well in the 
valley of Rocky river. 

It is doubtless true that the Cleveland and the Hu- 
ron shales are the great sources of the supply of the 
oil and gas obtained from wells in Pennsylvania and 
Ohio. The Cleveland shale furnishes the valuable oil 
obtained in the Mecca (Ohio) oil regions, which is 
curved upward and saturates the Berea sandstone 
which there lies near the surface and in places is 
thoroughly protected by an imperyious bed of drift 
clay. In Cuyahoga county the ravines cutting 
through this shale have for ages afforded means of 
escape for all the gas and oil resulting from the slow 
decomposition of the carbonaceous matter in the 
shale, and the indications are not favoi'able for either 
giis or oil from this source. If either is obtained in 
the county, it must be that produced from the Uuron 
shale. 

The conditions favorable for copious supplies of gas 
or oil are a heavy bed of bituminous shale, deeply 
buried below all lines of drainage, which has been 
slightly disturbed and broken up so as to afford facil- 
ities for the production and the escape of the liberated 
hydro-carbons, a coarse sandstone above to retain the 
products, and the whole covered with impervious clay 
or clay shales preventing their escape. The undis- 
turbed condition of the Huron shales and the want of 
any important bauds of sandstone in the Erie shale 
above do nut point to this county as a favorable site 
for exjilorations for oil, but the abundance of gas 
springs along the lake shore shows that gas is contin- 
ually escaping and wells bored down to the Huron 
shale demonstrate that in places an abundant and 
long-continued flow of gas may be obtained. But no 
surface indications will enable any one to predict the 
result of experiments made in any locality, and while 
some gas or oil will probalily be liberated by any well 
sunk down to the Huron sliale, the question of the 
amount of either obtained can only be determined by 
experiment. Wherever machinery is used for other 
purposes and affords a surplus power for drilling, a 
well could be sunk down at little expense, with a rea- 
sonable prospect of obtaining gas and the chance of 
obtaining oil in paying quantities. 

POST-GLACIAL HISTORY. 

After the drift period the surface was again gradu- 
ally clothed with regetation; new forms of animal 
and yegetable life appeared; new channels of drainage 
were established, the larger streams generally follow- 
ing the old pre-glacial channels, as excavations in 
them were more rapid than on rock surfaces; and 
man soon appeared as the crowning product of Cre- 
ative Power. Remains of his works have been found 
in this country and Europe in the drift, by careful 
observers, in such positions that they have inferred 
his presence hefurc the drift. But these remains have 



been taken from the modified river drift, and it is l)e- 
lieved there is no well authenticated find of this nature 
which has been taken from the unmodified glacia- 
debris, and the records of his history must yet be re- 
garded as bearing date subsequent to the glacial epoch. 
His presence in Cuyahoga county during a long pe- 
riod of pre-historic time is evidenced in many ways; 
but this part of the history of the county belongs to the 
archajologist, and not to the geologist. 

PRE-GLACIAL SCENERY. 

Prof. Newberry, in his report upon this county, 
says: " These bluffs (of the Berea) unquestionably, 
were once the shore cliffs of the lake, and anterior to 
that time the stratum of the Berea grit stretched 
across the valley of the Cuyahoga, probably forming 
a shelf over which the river flowed in a cascade rival- 
ing in hight, if not in volume of water, that of Niag- 
ara. 

It is not dilBcult, from a study of the character of 
the rock strata, to reproduce the scenery which char- 
acterized the Cuyahoga valley during the time of the 
erosion of this ancient canyon. It is only where 
there is an alternation of hard and soft rocks in beds 
approaching the horizontal position, that canyon- 
making proceeds with any great rapidity, and in such 
cases the work is carried on by an undermining pro- 
cess which causes the rock beds, too hard to yield to 
the erosive action of running water, to break by their 
own weight and fall in successive fragments into the 
chasms below them. To rejiroduce the pre-glacial 
scenery of the- Cuyahoga valley, we must erase Lake 
Erie from the map, and near the center, or a little 
north of the center of its present location, substitute 
a winding canyon, draining toward the east, and of a 
depth approaching one thousand feet, with number- 
less other similar canyons of similar depth emptying 
their waters into it. 

The land of the county, certainly more than seven 
hundred and fifty feet above the bottoms of tlie.se 
canyons, how much more we cannot tell, extended 
far to the north and was covered with a network of 
canyons, two of which were nearly coincident in 
location with the Cuyahoga and Rocky rivers. At 
some time during the process of the erosion of these 
channels the conglomerate of the Cuyahoga valley 
was not cut by the canyon at the south line of the 
county. At that point it then formed the bed-rock 
of a river which may have been many times larger 
than the present Cuyahoga, and which poured over 
its margin in a precipitous fall of three hundred feet, 
or to the surface of the Berea. The intervening Cuya- 
hoga shales are largely argillaceous and easily eroded. 
In most places they would all be cut out and carried 
away until the conglomerate was undermined, giving 
a precipitous fall from the top of tJie conglomerate 
to the Berea, with the bottom of tJie canyon strewn 
witii huge blocks of the conglomerate which had 
fallen from the bluff, as it was slowly but continu- 
ously undermined. In places there are very hard 



220 



GENERAL HISTORY OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



beds in these Cuyahoga shales which would resist 
erosion, and at times, in place of a precipitous fall, 
would be formed a steep decline down which the 
water would rush in any eddying and foaming torrent, 
in time removing these harder beds, and when the 
shale became again more argillaceous, restoring the 
perpendicular falls. 

Below this fall and to the north of it, the Berea 
would resist erosion until after the Bedford shales be- 
low were carried away and the Berea undermined, when 
the stream would pour over it in a fall of one hundred 
and thirty-five feet to the bed of the tough impervious 
Cleveland shale. The latter, resisting erosion, would 
be undermined by the erosion of the soft and friable 
Erie shale, and a third waterfall would result of a 
hight of over four hundred feet. 

At places, the Cleveland shale is thinner and more 
easily eroded, and in such places the lowest fall would 
gradually apjiroach the second one, be ultimately 
joined with it, and the water would liave clear descent 
of over five hundred and ninety-five feet. This can- 
yon was intersected with other similar canyons, with 



similar waterfalls, one of which joined it in the cor- 
ner of Bedford township, passing through Northfield, 
Hudson and Stow in Summit county, where its buried 
channel is washed by a chain of swamps and lakelets. 
Rivulets of various sizes emptied into it from both 
sides, the water falls in a precipitous descent, or in 
a succession of cascades. In places the decomposition 
of the argillaceous shales would widen out the canyon, 
undermine the compact, hard strata above, forming a 
succession of bold bluils, from which huge masses 
would occasionally fall into the whirling torrents 
below, dense forests crowning the bluffs would add 
to the picturesque beauty of the scenery, the whole 
forming an interesting illustration of the resulting 
beauty from the orderly workings of the forces of na- 
ture, where no appreciative eye can see it, but which 
the student of nature, many thousands of years after- 
wards, can with a good degree of accui'acy rejiro- 
duce.* 



"-'The thickness aud the subtUvisions of the rock strata as given in this 
sketch are taken from Prof. Newberry's report for the State survey, to 
which I am also indebted for many other facts. M. C. R. 



isTORY OF Cuyahoga County, 

PART SECOND: 
THE CITY OF CLEVELAND, 




GENL. MOSES CLEAVELAND. 

DIED AT Canterbury. CONN. 1806. AGED 70 years. 



The City of Cleveland, 



CHAPTEll XLIV. 

THE FIRST FOUR TEARS. 

Tlip Beginning— First Streets— First Map— The Name— Tlie Stiles Fam- 
ily— Kirst Buildings— Boundaries— Description -Streets— Tlie Original 
Lots— Civil Condition— Topography, Soil, etc. — Mouth of the Cuya- 
hoga— Sale of Lots— The Residents the First Winter— Gifts to Settlers 
— First Funeral and Graveyard — Lorenzo Carter and Ezekiel Hawley — 
The Oldest Survivor— Pioneer House-building— Fir.st Wedding— Pro- 
gress of Survey— Sickness— James Kingsbury— Primitive Grist-Mill— 
Nathaniel Doan— Klijah Gun -Fever and Ague— Dogwood inste-id of 
Quinine— Failure to obtain Flour— First Grist-Mill- Thfe First Raising 
- Indian Quarrel— Game— A Thrilling Adventure. 

Tlie story of tlie various Indian tribes which lived 
and fought in the vicinity of Clevehmd, and of tlie 
military expeditions which passed along the southern 
shore of Lake Erie, on land and water, has already 
been told in the general history of the county. There, 
too, will be found a sketch of the title of the Western 
Reserve, and of the survey of that tract in the years 
1706 and 1707. 

The separate history of Cleveland may fairly be said 
to begin on the sixteenth day of September, 1700, 
wiien Augustus Porter, the principal surveyor of the 
Connecticut Land Company, commenced laying out 
a few streets on the right hand side of tlie Cuyahoga 
river, at its junction with Lake Erie, for the purpose 
of establishing a village at that point, wiiicli it was 
hoped would one day become a city. Mr. Porter ran 
out the street lines, while his assistants, ^fcssrs. Seth 
IVuse, Amos Spafford and Richard Stoddard surveyed 
the '"city"' lots, or at least a part of them. 

15y the first of October the work was completed 
(unless some of the lots were not marked off till the 
ne.\t year), and a rude map of the jiroposed city was 
made by Mr. Spafford, which is published in Col. 
Whittlesey's Early History of Cleveland. The work, 
of course, was under the general superintendence of 
Gen. Moses Cleaveland, tlie agent of the Connecticut 
Land CJompauy, as well as one of its principal stock- 
holders, who had charge of the operations in the field 
during that year. 

It was at this time, too — that is, about the last of 
September, 1700 — that tlie location in (piestion re- 
ceived the name which, with the exception of a single 
letter, it has ever since borne. Previously it had 
been spoken of in the minutes of the surveyors as 
" Cuyahoga," or sometimes as tlie mouth of the 
Cuyahoga. 



The first mention of the name on record, so far as 
is known, is in the agreement drawn up by the em- 
jdoycs of the company in regard to the settlement 
of Euclid, mentioned in the general history of tlie 
county. That agreement declares itself to have been 
entered into at a meeting " lield at the city of Cleve- 
land on the 30th day of September, 170C." The name 
was occasionally spelled without the letter a, even in 
the old records, but this was through inadvertence. 
General Moses Cleaveland, who had bestowed his own 
name on the "city" he had founded, always spelled 
it with an a, and this example was followed in all 
written and printed records (except by occasional 
accident) for fifty years from the time in question. 

The "city" at that time contained two log houses! 
one had been built the previous spring as the head- 
quarters of the party which was surveying the Re- 
serve, and was also occupied as the residence of 
Job P. Stiles and Tabitiia Stiles, his wife, who " kept 
house" for those of the jiarty who were from time to 
time at headquarters. 

It was sometimes called " Pease's hotel," from Setii 
Pease, who was Mr. Porter's principal assistant, and 
was situated on the low ground under the hill, between 
Main street and the river. The other, near the junc- 
tion of Main sti'eet and the river, was the storehouse 
of the surveyors, and had also been built by them 
during the same season. There was also on the ter- 
ritory now belonging to the city on the west side of 
the river, a dilajiidated, unoccupied log house, which 
was sup]iosed to have been erected ten years before 
l)y the agents of the Northwestern Fur Company, in 
which to receive i)rovisions brought from Pittsburg, 
as narrated in the general history. 

The ma]i before mentioned, made by Mr. Sjiafford, 
is dated October 1, 1790. The area which had been 
surveyed for the proposed city and was delineated on 
tlic map was bounded north by the lake, west by the 
river, south by a line a little south of Ohio street, 
and Cii-st by a line a quarter of a mile east of Erie 
street, crossing the i)resent Phiclid avenue at the 
junction of Huron street. 

The map shows the " Pul)lic Square," now Monu- 
mental Square, containing ten acres, with Superior 
street running through it parallel with the lake shore. 
It iiad first Ijcen nametl " Hroad " street, and that 

(223) 



224 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



name had been written on the map, hut had been 
stricken out and Superior substituted. Parallel with 
Superior street. Lake street occupied its present cour,se, 
but extended only from Water street to Erie. Huron 
street ran as now from the river to a point a cpiarter 
of a mile east of Erie, where the city then ended. 
Ohio street ran from Erie westward only to Miami 
street, which then extended thus far south. Another 
street was delineated on the map under the name of 
Federal street. It ran from Erie eastward to the east- 
ern limits of the city plat; occupying the ground now 
embraced in that part of St. Clair street, but extending 
no farther west than Erie. Bath street ran from 
Water street westward along the margin of the lake to 
the mouth of the river, being some twelve rods wide 
at the eastern end, but gradually narrowing to five or 
six rods at the western extremity. 

These six streets (Bath, Lake, Federal, Superior, 
Huron and Ohio) were all that were at first surveyed 
to run parallel with the lake shore, and generally 
called "east and west streets." 

The "north and south" streets, or more accurately 
those at right angles with the lake, first surveyed, were 
Water, Ontario, Miami and Erie. The first still re- 
tains the same course and extent then given it, run- 
ning from the foot of Superior street northward to 
the lake. Ontario ran from the lake southward 
through the Public Square to Huron street, occupy- 
ing the same ground as now, except the extension 
from Huron street to Central Market. Miami street 
began at Huron, followed its present brief course 
southward, and also extended on the same line to Ohio 
street. And finally Erie street, which was the longest 
in the city, ran from the lake southward over its pres- 
ent course to the line of the surveyed tract, which, as 
before stated, was a little south of Ohio street. 

Besides these there were three streets, as they are 
termed on the map, but usually called lanes in the old 
records, designed to lead from the low ground along 
tlie river to the bluffs above. One running from the 
junction of Superior and Water streets northwestward 
to what was called the " Lower Landing," was named 
Union street, or lane, and corresponded to the present 
southern part of Spring street. Mandrake street 
then as now extended from Water street southwesterly 
down the hill to the landing, while Vineyard street 
ran from the junction of Water and Superior street 
southwesterly to the "Upper Landiug," it being now 
called South Water street. Still another lane, called 
Maiden lane, was survej^ed from the middle of Vine- 
yard street in an easterly course up the hill and thence 
to Ontario street, which it reached at a point about 
half way between the square and Huron street, but 
tills was soon entirely abandoned. 

It is not certain exactly when the names of Broad 
and Court were changed respectively to Superior and 
Ontario, but it would appear as if it was done by Gen- 
eral Cloaveland's orders before the map left Sjiafford's 
hands, as the chirography of the new names is seem- 
ingly the same as the rest of the writing on the maji. 



The same map showed a complete division of the 
city into lots, though it was not certain that they 
were all surveyed and marked that autumn. They 
were numbered from one to two hundred and twenty; 
the first extending from Lake street to the lake shore 
on the east side of Water street, and the last running 
from Miami street, nearly opposite the junction of 
Ohio, back to the Cuyahoga river. The greater por- 
tion of the lots were eight rods by forty, containing 
two acres, l)ut many were larger than that and some 
were smaller. Number two hundred and twenty, 
just mentioned, was over a hundred and twenty rods 
long, while numliers one hundred and twentj'-five to 
one hundred and thirty-three inclusive, lying south 
of Ohio street, were only about ten rods long. There 
were, however, only a few lots having less than two 
acres each, and it is perhaps largely due to this libera! 
plan, devised by the projectors of Cleveland, that the 
city is to this day probably the "roomiest" one of its 
size in the United States. 

While some of the surveyors were laying out the 
city proper, others were dividing the suburbs into 
out-lots. From Erie street east and from Ohio street 
south the nearest land was divided into lots of ten or 
twenty acres each, while the remainder of the survey- 
townsliip of Cleveland, comprising what was subse- 
quently known as the civil townships of Cleveland and 
Newburg, was divided into lots of a hundred acres 
each. The tracts just mentioned (that is, the city 
lots, the ten and twenty acre lots and the hundred 
acre lots) together occupied all that part of the pres- 
ent city east of the Cuyahoga, all of tlie present town- 
ship of Newburg and the eastern part of the present 
township of East Cleveland. 

No civil township had yet been organized in this 
part of the county in the fall of 179G. The territory 
of the future city east of the river was nominally 
comprised in the county of Washington in the North- 
west Territory, but no actual jurisdiction was exer- 
cised here by the Territorial authorities, and it was 
not yet quite certain whether the Connecticut Land 
Company was not vested with all the powers of gov- 
ernment as well as the title to the land. The land on 
the west side of the Cuyahoga was nominally in the 
county of Wayne in the Northwest Territory, but 
though the pre-emption right to it had been purchased 
by the Land Company, the right of occupancy had 
not been bought from the Indians, who were in undis- 
turbed possession of all that portion of the Reserve. 

The surface of the embryo metropolis was moder- 
ately level on botii sides of the river, except that on 
each side a steep bluff, from fifty to eighty feet higli, 
separated the low flats of the Cuyahoga from tlie ta- 
ble-land aliove. Near the present eastern bounds of 
the present city the ground rose into a high ridge 
which extended nearly north and south a distance of 
about four miles. From this ridge the stream now 
called Kingslniry run flowed westward into the Cuy- 
ahoga through a narrow hollow, bounded by bluffs 
almost as lofty as those wliich enclose the river flats. 



THE FIRST FOUR YEARS. 



225 



The larger stream which soon received the name of 
Mill creek ran in rapid cascades, between rocky and 
l>recipitous banks, liirough the extreme southeastern 
part of the present city, long known as Nowburg, 
and then, curving southward, emptied into the river 
ill the present township of Inde])endence. Another 
brook, ere long known as Doan's creek, from one of 
the earliest of the i)ionecrs, having begun its course 
in Warrensvijle, ran southwestward through the ex- 
treme eastern jiart of the present city to the lake, but 
was not distinguished by the very high banks which 
marked the other streams. 

The soil of the whole tract was a sandy loam, some- 
linios almost pure sand, with occasional sections of 
clay or gravel. Out of this arose a heavy growth of 
chestnuts, oaks, elms, nuiples and beeches, their 
mighty trunks standing far ajjart, but their wide- 
spreading boughs shading all the (^arth with a dense 
mass of foliage. 

The Cuyahoga river emptied into the lake a short 
distance west of its present mouth, and still farther 
west was to be .seen the location of a still earlier bed, 
which was then a staginmt pond. Across the mouth 
of the river ran a bar of sand which in spring and 
fall was torn open by the current of the rushing 
river, but which in summer came so near the surface 
that even the light schooners, two or three in num- 
ber, which then navigated Lake Erie, could not cross 
it. Once inside, there was a commodious harbor, 
with room and depth for vessels of the first class. 

Such was the locality selected by General Moses 
Cleaveland, acting in behalf of the Connecticut Land 
Company, for the principal city of the Western Re- 
serve. The survey township in which it was situated 
had been selected as one of six, which were to be sold 
for the benefit of the company at large, and not to be 
divided among the stockholders, as was almost all the 
rest of the Reserve. It had accordingly been divided 
as before stated, the part nearest the city into the ten 
and twenty acre lots, and the remaindi^r into hundred 
acre lots. It was proposed to sell at first only a 
fourtii of the townships, and Augustus I'orter, the 
principal surveyor of the company, submitteil a propo- 
sition as to the manner of making such sale. 

In the first place city lots number fifty-eight to 
sixty-three inclusive, and eighty-one to eighty-seven 
inclusive, comprising all the lots bordering on the 
puidic s<iuare, and one more, were to be reserved for 
public purposes, as were also "the point of land west 
of the town" (which we tiike to be tiie low peninsula 
southwest of the viaduct), and some other portions of 
the Hats if thought advisable. Tiien Mr. I'orter pro- 
posed to l)cgin with lot numl)er one, and offer for sale 
every fourth number in succession throughout the 
towns, on these terms. 

Each })erson who would engage tol)ecome an actual 
settler in IT'-lT. might purchase one town lot, one ten 
or twenty-acre lot. and one hundred-acre lot, or as 
much less iis he might choose: .settlement, however, 
to he imperative in every case. Tin- price of town 



lots was to be fifty dollars; that of the ten-acre lots 
three dollars per acre; that of the twenty-acre lots 
two dollars per acre, and that of the hundred-acre 
lots a dollar and a half per acre. The town lots were 
to be paid for in ready cash; for the larger tracts 
twenty per cent, was to be paid down, and the rest 
in three annual instalments, with annual interest. 

It will lie seen that even at that time the projectors 
of Cleveland had a pretty good opinion of its future; 
valuing the almost unbroken forest which constituted 
the city at twenty-five dollars per acre in cash, while 
equally good land outside its limits was to be sold for 
from three dollars down to a dollar and a half per 
acre, with three years' credit. 

This program, which was dated on the 28th of Sep- 
tember, 1790, seems to have been immediately con- 
firmed, at least temporarily, by Gen. Cleaveland; for 
on the map before mentioned, dated September 30th, 
the names of six purchasers are written on the lots 
they had chosen, only every fourth lot being selected, 
and those around the square being left untakcn. 
Stiles took or proposed to take .53, Baun 0.5, Shepard 
09, Cha])man 72, and Landon 77; all being on Superior 
street, and all except the last on the north side, ex- 
tending all the way from Water street to Erie street. 
Messrs. Shepard and Chapman mnst certainly have 
had a good deal of faith in Cleveland, if they gave 
twenty-five dollars an acre for land in the dense forest, 
over half a mile from the two log houses which then 
constituted the city. 

By the eighteenth of October all the surveyors and 
their assistants left Cleveland for their homes in 
the East. They left Mr. and Mrs. Stiles and Mr. 
Joseph Landon in possession of the city. The two 
former, as has been said, had previously been merelv 
employees of the land company, but had now deter- 
mined to become actual settlers. A cabin was built 
for them by the surveyors before they left, situated on 
the top of the hill, at the west end of Superior street. 
Mr. Landon had also been in the service of the 
company. He, however, remained but a few weeks, 
and went east before winter set in. Mr. Edward 
Paine, afterwards known as Gen. Paine, the founder 
of Paiiiesville, Lake county, then took board with Mr. 
Stiles, and liegan trading in a small way with the In- 
dians (Chippew.is, Ottawiis, etc.), who camped at 
various i)oints on the west side of the Cuyahoga dur- 
ing the winter, and hunted and trajiped on both sides. 
So far :is known, Mr. Paine was the first trader in 
Cleveland, though it is quite proiiable that some 
I'renchman may have erected a rude cabin there long 
before, where beads, powder and whisky were ex- 
changed with the Indian f<ii- liear-skins and beaver- 
fur. 

These three remained throughout the winter, alone 
save when some copper-oolored warrior brought his 
store of furs to Mr. Paine, or when his tawny stpiaws, 
with their In-ight-cyed pappooses on their backs, came 
to gaze with longing eyes on the sparkling beads and 
brilliant calicoes of the young trader. 



236 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Meanwhile, after the surveyors returned home, Mr. 
Setli Pease made another map of the city, sul)stan- 
tially the same as the one before described. Tlie 
terms of sale projiosed by Mr. Porter were in substance 
confirmed by the company. Tlie directors and stock- 
liolders also donated to Mrs. Stiles one city lot, one 
ten-acre lot and one one hundred-acre lot in the city 
and townshij) of Cleveland, doubtless because she was 
the first woman who became a resident there. At the 
same time they gave a one-hundred-acre lot in the 
same township to Mrs. Anna, wife of Elijah Guu. 
Mr. and Mrs. Gun had had charge of the company's 
Stores at Conneaut during the preceding summer, but 
intended to move to Cleveland. Another gift of a 
hundred-acre lot was made to James Kingsbury and 
wife, the first emigrants to the Western Reserve en- 
tirely unconnected with the company, who had first 
located at Conneaut, but also proposed to make Cleve- 
land their home. Finally the directors and stock- 
holders gave a city lot to Nathaniel Doan, who had 
acted as blacksmith for the company, shoeing the 
pack-horses of the surveyors the preceding summer, 
on condition that he should reside and keep up a 
l)lacksmith shop upon it. 

In the spring of 1797, Mr. Paine loft Cleveland, 
and soon after made a permanent location at Paines- 
ville. In the montli of May, Mr. and Mrs. Gun came 
from Conneaut, being the second family resident in 
Cleveland. It was not until the first day of Juno, 
that the advance guard of the surveying party for 
1797 reached Cleveland. They were in charge of Mr. 
Pease, who had been employed as the principal sur- 
veyor for that year. On the third of June the re- 
mainder of the party arrived, with Rev. Seth Hurt, 
the superintendent. One of the men, David Eldridgo, 
was drowned in crossing Grand river, and the body 
brought to Cleveland. On the morning of the fourth 
the north parts of lots ninety-seven and ninety-eight 
was selected as a burial ground, a rude coffin was 
made and the first funeral in Cleveland was attended 
by the comrades of tlie deceased, while Mr. Hart read 
the appropriate service according to the rites of the 
Episcopal church. The location of this original ceme- 
tery was on the east side of Ontario street, its north 
line being just north of Prospect street. 

The lately lonesome wilderness now presented a 
bu.sy scene. Knowing by experience the tediousness 
of living on meat and bread throughout the season, 
nearly all the men set to work and cleared a piece of 
land for a garden, on the top of the bank, near the 
west end of Superior street, fenced it, aud planted it 
with various kinds of vegetables. Tlien there was a 
rapid outfitting of parties, under the several survey- 
ors, who went forth to run the lines of townships in 
various parts of the Reserve. Sujierintoudent Hart, 
with Dr. Shepard and a few others, kept headquarters 
at Cleveland. 

Soon after the arrival of the surveyors (or according 
to one account, a little before that event), Mr. Lorenzo 
Carter, well known to all the early settlers as Major 



Carter, made his home in Cleveland with his family. 
He came from Rutland, Vermont, but had stayed 
during the. previous winter in Canada. *Tfne of his 
sons was Alonzo Carter, then seven years old, who 
died but a few years since. Mr. Carter was an ex- 
pert hunter and an energetic pioneer, with jilenty of 
assurance, and over the Indians he soon gained an 
influence unecpialed by any other white man in the 
vicinity. He built a log cabin on the flat, a few rods 
from the river, and near Union, now Spring street. 

About the same time came Mr. Carter's brother-in- 
law, Ezekiel Hawley, who also located in Cleveland 
with his family. His daughter Fanny, then five years 
old, now Mrs. Theodore Miles, of the eighteenth 
ward, is the oldest surviving resident of Cleveland. 

The next family was that of James Kingsbury, who 
had I'csided at Conneaut during the winter, but who 
removed to Cleveland in June. They at first occu- 
pied the dilapidated log house west of the river, which 
had formerly been occupied by agents of the Nortii- 
western Fur Company as a store-house. Mr. Kings- 
bury, however, soon erected a cabin where the Case 
block now stands, into which he moved his family. 

It did not take long to build a house in those days. 
A number of logs, sixteen or eighteen feet long, were 
cut in the forest. These were drawn together by a 
yoke of oxen, large notches were made near the ends, 
so that they would match together. The neighbors 
(in this case probably the surveyors) were invited to 
the raising; the logs were sj)eedily placed on each 
other; a roof of split " shakes " was placed on the top; 
a chimney of crossed sticks and mud was speedily 
built; a hole was cut for a door (the place of which 
was perhaps supplied by a blanker), and the mansion 
was considered complete. Some of the more aristo- 
cratic citizens might have a window with four lights 
of glass, and a "puncheon" or split-log floor; but 
these were luxuries of pioneer life. 

The first wedding in Cleveland, which was also the 
first m Cuyahoga county, has already been mentioned 
in the general history, but so pleasantly momentous 
an event will bear brief repetition. The parties wore 
Miss Chloe Inches, Mrs. Carter's hired girl, and Mr. 
William Clements,, who had followed his love from 
Canada, aud who bore her back to His Majesty's do- 
minions after the ceremony, which took place in flic 
month of July. 

Meanwhile the surveys were steadily progressing, 
notwithstanding sickness among the surveyors, wliich 
was much greater than the year before. On tlie 20th 
of August Surveyor Warren began to survey three 
highways into the country, and also to mark the lines 
of the ten acre lots before mentioned. First ho liegan 
at the east end of Huron street on the east boundary 
of the city plat, and ran thence "north eighty-two 
degrees east" (very near due east) to the west side of 
the hundred acre lots, setting a post every ten chains 
or forty rods. This showed the north bounds of a 
road, and the posts also designated the corners of the 
ten acre lots which were intended to be forty rods 



THE FIRST FOUR YEARS. 



227 



square. Muasuring off a road six rods wide, Mr. War- 
ren ran buck along its south side, setting posts oi)po- 
sitc the others. 

This, it will bo understood, was to be a road, not a 
street, being entirely outside tlie "city" limits. At 
the time of survey it was designated as "Central high- 
way." But as it soon became the main means of com- 
munication with the settlements in Euclid it received 
the name of Euclid road; tiien it was extended to the 
Public Square, as will be mentioned at the proper 
lime, and became Euclid street, and at length, bor- 
dered with palatial residences, it has assumed the 
more sonorous title of Euclid avenue. 

The next day Mr. Warren began at the south end 
of Erie street, on the south boundary of the city, and 
ran south, seventy-four degrees east, one hundred and 
(hirty-one chains (a little over a mile and a half) to 
tlie west boundary of the hundred-acre lots; running 
liack on a line due east, and marking the lot-corners 
un both sides as before. This road was then called 
tlie South highway. Later it was continued, bearing 
to the right, to the town of Kinsman, on the eastern 
border of the Reserve, and was then known as Kins- 
man street; still later that portion of the original 
"South highway," this side of Willson avenue, has 
been extended in a straight line nearly to the city 
limits, and has received the ajipellation of Woodland 
avenue. 

Finally Mr. Warren went to the end of Federal 
(now a part of St. Clair) street, and ran thence north 
lifly-eight degrees east to the hundred acre lots, 
uuiking the road six rods wide, and marking the cor- 
ners as before. This was to be the North highway, 
but has long been known as St. Clair street. Lines 
were then run midway between those roads to mark 
the back end of the lots. Though called ten-acre 
lots, there was really no uniformity. The frontage 
of the lots were all the same, twenty rods, but their 
depth increased as the roads diverged, so that those 
adjoining the city were less than ten acres, and the 
farthest ones were more. It was understood that this 
would make the value of these out-lots about equal. 

We have spoken in the general history of the 
county, of the prevalence of fever and ague and 
l)ilious fever among the surveyors throughout the Re- 
serve in 17'.t7. These diseases were equally common 
among tlie citizens. Nearly every person in the little 
Bettlement was stricken down. Mr. Kingsbury de- 
termined to find a more healthy location for his 
family. Following the Soutli highway to the end, and 
thence continuing about two miles farther in nearly 
the same direction, he reached the ridge before men- 
tioned as running along the present border of the 
city. Finding there good soil and an apparently 
healthy location, he purchased a large tract of land, 
erected the inevitable log house — fitted up, however, 
with more than usual comfort — and by the middle of 
December was established in his new home. He was 
the tirst settler on the ridge. 

His first grist-mill was a white oak stumj) — as was 



common with the pioneers throughout the Reserve — 
hollowed out by fire on top so as to hold a goodly 
allowance of corn, which was then pounded with a 
heavy oaken mortar, suspended by a spring-pole or 
sweep above this simple "mill." The stump was 
preserved by Mr. Kingsbury and his children until 
about twenty years ago, when, already rotted to a 
mere shell, it completely succumbed to the power of 
decay. 

In the autumn of 1707 the surveyors completed 
their work so that the land could be divided among 
the stockholders of the company, and returned home. 
In Jiinuary, 1798, the partition was accordingly made. 
Six survey-townships, of which Cleveland, then in- 
cluding Newburg, was one, were reserved for direct 
sale by the company. 

Meanwhile Cleveland, with the rest of the Reserve 
east of the Cuyahoga, had in 1797 become nominally 
a part of Jefferson county, but no civil authorities 
were appointed for this almost unknown corner. The 
tract west of the river remained a portion of Wayne 
county, with the Indians still in actual possession. 

In the spring of 1798 Nathaniel Doan, the black- 
smith, moved to Cleveland with his family and built 
a blacksmith shop on the south side of Superior street, 
a little west of the present end of Bank street, doubt- 
less on the lot given him by the company. He at 
first occupied as a residence the cabin built by Job P. 
Stiles, who about this time moved out on the ridge 
near Kingsbury's. Elijah Gun also moved to the 
ridge south of Kingsbury's, and Rudolphus Edwards, 
of Chenango county. New York, settled farther north 
near the jircsent intersection of Woodland avenue and 
Woodland Hills avenue. In the city proper, Doan's, 
Carter's and Hawley's were the only families, but Jo- 
seph Landon, who had returned from the East, and 
Stephen Gilbert were there, and cleared some ground 
which they sowed to wheat. Mr. Carter also planted 
two acres of corn on Water street, near the lake. 

Nearly every man, woman and child in the settle- 
ment was sick with the fever and ague. There were 
not enough well persons to take care of the sick, 
much less to provide food and the other necessaries of 
life. In the intervals of the chills Carter and his 
hounds often secured a deer, which was liberally 
divided among his less expert neighbors. Nathaniel 
Doan's family of nine members were all sick at once. 
The only one who was able to do anything was his 
nephew Seth, an active boy of thirteen. Although 
he had the shakes every day himself, the boy not only 
managed to collect wood and bring water, but fre- 
quently made a trip to Kingsbury's to obtain corn. 

That industrious pioneer, as well as his neighbors, 
Gun and Stiles, had found health in their homes on 
the ridge, and had raised good crops of corn on the 
newly-cleared land. Kingsbury, energetic and invent- 
ive, determined to have something better than a stumj) 
mortar to grind his food. He accordingly obtained 
two large stones from the banks of Kingsbury run, 
shaped them into the semblance of mill-stones, placed 



228 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



one on the ground and the other above it, fastened a 
handle to the upper one, and by working the latter 
back and forth produced Hour and meal, not indeed of 
the finest, yet superior to any but the imported 
article. 

There was not only no physician but no tjuinine, 
the great specific for ague, and the settlers got along 
as best they could with decoctions of dogwood bark. 
As the cold weather ap])roached the chills disappeared, 
but the settlers had had a fearful lesson, which new- 
comers were quick to learn from them, and which 
long retarded the progress of Cleveland. 

Near the middle of November four of the men, 
still weak from the elfects of the ague, started in a 
boat for Walnut Creek, Pennsylvania, to obtain flour. 
Between Euclid creek and Chagrin river their boat 
was wrecked, and they returned by land empty- 
handed. So throughout the winter all the jteople, 
both in the city and on the ridge, depended on Kings- 
bury's hand-mill for their breadstuff, which was 
coarse enough to have suited the palate of the re- 
nowned Graham himself. 

In the spring of 1799 Mr. Doan, entirely satisfied 
with his city experience, abandoned the lot given him 
by the company, and moved four miles east to a jioint 
where the ridge road from Kingsbury's struck the 
"Central highway," where he established his home 
and his shop. The locality was long known as "Doan's 
Corners," and afterwards as East Cleveland, but for 
twelve years has been a portion of the city. 

Mr. Hawley also left the apparently doomed place 
at the mouth of the Cuyahoga, and located in the 
Kingsbury neighborhood. Carter's and Spafford's 
were the only families left. They had begun to feel ac- 
climated, and determined to stay at all hazards. They 
kept a kind of a tavern, and Mr. Carter also traded 
some with the Indians, as indeed almost every one 
did who could obtain some salt and whisky as capital, 
these being considered the two great necessities of life. 
Money was scarce beyond the imagination of the 
present day; furs were almost legal tender, and were 
frequently used to pay debts and "make change," 
even by the whites. 

Superior lane was at this time a high, sliarp ridge 
impassable in ascent or descent. The travel up and 
down the hill was oblicjuely along Union street — now 
Spring street. The first named roadway, however, 
began to be worked about this time. 

In this year two newcomers, Wheeler W. Williams 
and Major Wyatt built the first grist mill on the Re- 
serve iit the falls of Mill creek, at what was long 
known as Newburg, but is now the eighteenth ward 
of the city. The irons were furnished by the land 
company. The task was a very serious one and was 
not completed till fall, when David Bryant and his 
son (Jilman, who had been quarrying grindstones 
near Vermillion river, went to the Newburg settle- 
ment and made a pair of mill-stones. They were ob- 
tained and made about half a mile north of the mill, 
which was near the main fall. The water was con- 



veyed down the hill to the wheel at an angle of forty- 
five degrees. 

When the mill was all completed and ready for 
grinding, invitations were sent out to all the people 
round about for a grand celebration. The numlier 
was not large; no one lived west of the Cuyabona, 
nor up the valley of that river, above the mill. With- 
in the limits of the present city there were as near a.s 
can be ascertained ten families — Carter's, Spafford"s, 
Doan's, Edwards', Kingsbury's, (Jun's, Stiles', Haw- 
ley's, Hamilton's and Williams' — (all but the two first 
on the outer borders) and a few single men. There 
was, however, a small settlement in Euclid, whose 
members doubtless helped to swell the number, and it 
is ([uite probable that there was a delegation from the 
more populous region east of the Chagrin; for a dis- 
tance of fifteen or twenty miles was little regarded by 
the sturdy pioneer, and this was the first gristmill on 
the Western Reserve. 

The Indians were frequently to be seen in all parts 
of the city and the surrounding cinintry, but they 
seem to have been very friendly and never to have had 
any serious difficulty with the whites. There was an 
old camp, where they often met, near Mr. Kingsbury's 
residence, and about where he afterwards built his 
frame-house, now occupied by his son, James Kings- 
bury. 

One day a young squaw came running into the 
house, declaring that one of the Indians had badly 
hurt his squaw; " — most kill her." Mr. K. hurried 
out and found the camp in great commotion, the in- 
jured woman leaning against a tree a])parently faint- 
ing, and the Indian standing sullen and defiant in 
front of her. The white man began to scold him for 
hurting the woman. He defended himself zealously 
in the Indian tongue, with occasional words of broken 
English, asserting that she was "heap bad squaw," 
and gesticulating with great energy to make up for 
his lack of language. 

In the course of his motioning he brought his hand 
quite close to the squaw's face. She suddenly came 
out of her faint and seized one of his fingers between 
her teeth. He yelled with pain but she clung with 
all her might, and the white peace-maker was obliged 
to choke her pretty smartly to make her let go. 

Game was abundant everywhere. There were two 
deer-licks (places where slightly salt water oozed from 
the ground) about a quarter of a mile from William 
Kingsbury's house. Here the deer frequently came to 
enjoy the luxury, and patient watching would almost 
always reward the hunter with a fat buck or a timid 
doe. In time, however, the frequently falling of the 
death-bolt at that particular place warned away the 
survivors from the dangerous locality. 

Bears were less frequent, but were sometimes seen. 
Wolves, too, occasionally made their appearance. Mr. 
Kingsbury brought a sow and a number of pigs from 
Pennsylvania, which he carefully penned up at night, 
but allowed to run loose among the plentiful acorns ■ 
and nuts during the day. One day, while he was 



THE VILLACE FROM 1800 TO 1815. 



220 



;ilisciit, the family heard a noise near the house, and 
looking out saw the old sow in a state of great excite- 
ment, altornatoly pushing her young toward the 
house, aiul turning to grunt at two gaunt gray wolves, 
Avhicrh were slowly following her, apparently hesi- 
tating about attacking an antagonist of a species they 
hail never before seen. An outcry from the family 
(|uickly drove them away, but as there was no one to 
handle the old " (jueen's arm " which Mr. Kings- 
iiury's brother had l)orne at the battle of Bennington, 
they escajjcd unharmed. 

Anu)ng the illustrations of early frontier life, we 
will advert to one more occurring in the neighbor- 
hood on the ridge. On Christmas day, 1701), Mr. 
Kingsbury's oldest daughter Abigail, seven years old, 
with her two younger brothers Amos and Almon, to- 
gether with Fanny Ilawley (now Mrs. Miles), nearly 
eight, and her younger brother, all went to visit the 
children of Job Stiles, who lived about a quarter of 
a mile farther south. There was a woods-road, con- 
siderably traveled, along the ridge, and no one sup- 
posed there was any danger. 

Unfortunately they stayed late, and it was begin- 
ning to be dusk when they started home. They soon 
lost their way, and began wandering back and forth 
in the strange way in which many older persons do 
when once they lose their latitude in the woods. 
Many times they must have come near the residences 
of one or the other family, but somehow never saw 
the light of either. The smallest children soon be- 
came very weary. Fanny carried her brother and 
Abigail picked up her youngest brother Almon. The 
venerable Mrs. Miles related to us how she and Abi- 
gail — themselves the merest children — staggered to 
and fro under their burdens in the darkness and 
the growing cold, while Amos Kingsbury, only five 
years old, appeared to be perfectly frantic at the 
terrible prospect. At length the two girls gave up in 
despair. They laid the two youngest boys down to- 
gether, spread Abigail's broadcloth cloak over them, 
beneath which they soon went to sleej) — and then 
waiteil, not knowing whether they were to be devoured 
by Wolves or frozen by the cold. 

Afcanwhile their families had discovered that the 
children were lost, and all the three or four men of 
the neighborhood were out in search of them. 
Luckily too, Fanny's uncle, Lorenzo Carter, had been 
out on a hunt, and stopped at her father's with his 
rille and hound. lie, of course, joined in the search. 
In the road the children's tnacks were not distinguish- 
able, and even in the woods they had crossed each 
other so often that the hound could hardly follow 
them. After ranging to and fio a long time, however, 
lie at length struck a distinct trail, which he and his 
master (juickly followed. Ere long the dog reached 
the hollow where the children were. Little Amos 
saw him, and screamed to his sister Abigail: "Nab- 
by, Nai)by, here's a wolf ! " 

The girls, however, saw that it was a dog, and a 
moment after Carter came in sight, crying out to 



them not to be scared. He fired his rifle, the universal 
signal of success in such cases, and the searchers 
quickly assembled. The overjoyed fathers and friends 
caught up the babes in the woods, and soon bore them 
to their frightened mothers, when they were put to 
bed with a better chance of a sound sleep than that 
offered by a Christmas night in the forest, with the 
wolves as possible performers in the jday. 

Nothwithstanding the season, however, it does not 
seem to have been very cold, and in fact all the old 
accounts speak of the remarkable mildness of the 
winters 'during the last two or three years of the 
eighteenth century. 



CHAPTER XLV. 

THE VILIiAGE FROM 1800 TO 1815 

Population in 1X00— Civil OrKanizat ions— City Lots too Hifih— Good 
Crops— The First Distillery— An Indian Play-ground— A White Dog 
Feast^Samuel Huntington— SpaiTord's Map— Changes of Streets— The 
First School— A Lawyer Among Wolves Fii-st Hotel Keepers— Hunt- 
ington's Advanccement— First Framed House— Its Destruction— One 
Family a Year— Price of Freight— First Militia Coinpany-Pui-chase of 
the West Side from the Indians— The First Post Office— Newhurg Fam- 
ilies— Samuel Dodge— The Two Omics— Young Omic's Violence— C-arter 
threatens to Hang Him— The Story of ".T3en "—A Curious Ending— 
.lohn Walworth— The First OoUector-A Framed House on the Ridge 
—A New Religion— Hard Customers in Cleveland— Slaughtering Hogs 
on Sunday— A Would-be Runaway — Forcing a Man back to take his 
Pay— Another Major— A Cleveland Governor and Senator— Fanny 
Hawley's Adventure with an Indian— His Freaks at Hawley's House — 
The Last Division of Reserve Lands--Cleveland made the County -Seat 
— Elias Cozad— Samuel and Matthew Williamson— Levi Johnson— The 
Residents of ISIO— The Two Stores— The First Court of Record— An- 
other Warehouse— George Wallace- TheFirst E.vecution— The War of 
ISVi- Residents at the Beginning of the War- Location of Houses— 
The Farming Lands— A Few Incidents of the War— Taking Potatoes 
to Perry— The Firet Brick I uilding— A Schooner built in the Woods— 
The Village incorporated— Close of the War. 

In 1800 the population of the tract laid out as a 
city still consisted only of the families of Carter, 
Spafford and Clark, Stephen Gilbert and perhaps 
Joseph Landon; making a total of about twenty j)er- 
sons. In the whole territory now included in the 
city, however, there must have been between sixty 
and seventy persons. 

In July Cleveland became a part of the county of 
Trumbull, which embraced the whole Western Re- 
serve. James Kingsbury was aj)poiuted one of the 
first justices of the peace "of the quorum,'" thereby 
becoming a member of the court of quarter .sessions 
of the new county; and Amos Spalford was appointed 
one of the first justices not "of the quorom." 

At the first court of ipiarter .sessions, held at War- 
ren on the fourth Monday of August, 1800, the civil 
township of Cleveland was organized, together with 
seven others, in the new county. It embraced not 
only the survey township of that name but all of the 
present Cuyahoga county east of the river, three 
townships of (ieauga county, and nominally the 
whole Reserve west of tiie Cuyahoga, though this 
tract w!us still in possession of the Indians. Lorenzo 
Carter and 8tei)heu Gilbert were at the same time 



230 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



appointed the first constables, to preserve the peace 
in this immeuse territory. 

Mr. Turhand Kirtlaud, the agent of the laud com- 
pany, who visited Cleveland this year, stated that 
Carter, Spaflord and Clark were very much dissatis- 
fied with the price of city lots, (twenty-five dollars 
per acre), and determined not to remain. It seems 
they had not up to this time purchased any land, ex- 
cept perhaps a lot apiece. They had been encouraged 
by members of the company to expect lots at ten or 
twelve dollars per acre, and they all declared they 
would leave the place rather than pay the price de- 
manded. Mr. Kirtlaud persuaded them to wait until 
he could consult the directors, and earnestly urged 
that the price should be lowered. As those persons 
all remained, and as emigration continued very light 
for a long time, it is presumed that their wishes were 
acceded to. 

Mr. Kirtland also mentioned the extreme scarcity 
of money, and said inhabitants were very desirous 
that the company should receive cattle, provisions, 
etc., in payment for their land. This course, how- 
ever, was not followed, so far as the tracts owned by 
the company at large was concerned, though it may 
have been by individual owners of the divided lands. 
Mr. Kirtland also reported the crops as good and the 
settlers healthy. The latter expression doubtless ap- 
plied principally to those in the country, for the 
vicinity of the mouth of the Cuyahoga was long cele- 
brated as the favorite residence of King Ague. Prob- 
ably, however, the few families who were there in 
1800 had had nearly all the shakes shaken out of them, 
or in other words had become partially acclimated to 
the surrounding miasma. 

In the fall of 1800, David Bryant and his son Gil- 
man, brought a still from Virginia, built a distillery 
twenty feet by twenty-six, out of hewed logs, on the 
river flat, near the foot of Superior lane, brought water 
from a side-hill spring in a trough into the upper 
story, and began the manufacture of whisky. This 
was, at that time, as respectable a business as any in 
tlie country, and the opening of a distillery was hailed 
with joy by the inhabitants of the vicinity, not onlv 
because it promised a cheap supply of their favorite 
beverage, but because their wheat, when turned into 
whisky, could be sent to market witliout costing all 
it would bring for transportation. 

The Indians now crossed of tener than ever from their 
own land on tlie west side, to the place where whisky 
was not only sold but made. They had a kind of 
ferry, opposite the foot of St. Clair street, where they 
always kept canoes in which to pass over the river. 
Their well-worn trail from the eastward'there crossed 
the Cuyahoga, ran across the marshy ground, past 
the old log storehouse, which, as before stated, stood 
near the corner of Main and Center streets, and thence 
to a small opening in the woods, near the present 
crossing of Detroit and Pearl streets. There the 
Indians were aseustomed to assemble, play their 
games, hold councils, etc. 



There, were often heard the sounds of glee from 
squaws, children and the old men as the young war- 
riors engaged in athletic games, or tossed the ball to 
and fro with a skill hardly surpassed by the pitchers, 
catchers and left fielders of the present day. There, 
too, the woods re-echoed with the sonorous speeches 
of their orators, as they recounted the great deeds of 
their fathers, ere the white man had come to grasp 
their fair domain, and occasional shouts of applause 
from the excited auditors reached the ears of the few 
settlers across the river. It is admitted, however, by 
all the early emigrants that the Indians were uni- 
formly peaceable, and even friendly, in their inter- 
course with the whites. 

As was stated in the general history, they were ac- 
customed to come to the mouth of the Cuyahoga in 
the fall, haul their canoes ashore, scatter out up the 
river in small parties, hunt and trap during the 
winter, return in the spring, and go thence to their 
cornfields on the Sandusky and Maumee. There 
were usually a few, however, around the mouth of 
the river at all seasons of the year. At these fall and 
spring reunions, especially the latter, feasting and 
drunkenness were the order of the day. 

Oilman Bryant described one of the feasts to which 
he was hospitably invited. The piece dc resistance 
was a white dog. (We don't generally varnish our 
writing with scrajis of French, but in this case the 
Gallic expression is too appropriate to be omitted.) 
All Indians, so far as we know, consider that tliere is 
something peculiarly sacred about a white dog. 
Among the Six JValions one or more are every year 
strangled and burned entire as a sacrifice. In the 
l)resent instance, however, Chippcicus and Ottamas 
managed to unite religion and high living. 

Having killed the dog, they singed part of the hair 
oil, chopped him up and made a large kettle of souj). 
They placed a large wooden bowlful of it on a scaffold 
as a sacrifice to their "Manitou," or Great Spirit; 
the rest they approjiriated to worldly uses. When 
making the sacrifice they prayed to Manitou for a 
safe voyage on the lake, good crops of corn when they 
arrived at home, and other similar blessings. As 
they began eating themselves they offered young 
Bryant a dish of soup with a fore paw in it, with 
some of the hair still between the toes. He declined 
the jiroffered morsel, whereupon they disposed of it 
themselves, saying that a good soldier could easily 
eat that. 

During the winter of 1800 and 1801, young Br^'ant 
and his father cleared five acres on the bank of the 
river just above the town-plat. In the spring of 1801, 
Timothy Doan, a brother of Nathaniel, came to Cl(?ve- 
land, but removed to Euclid in the autumn. 

A somewhat distinguished arrival of this season 
was Samuel Huntington, a lawyer about thirty-five 
years old, nephew of the governor of Connecticut of 
that name, who, after traveling though a large part 
of Ohio, had determined to make his future residence 
at Cleveland. He built a large, hewed log-house, the 



THK VIM.AfiK FROM ISOO TO 1815. 



231 



most aristocratic residence in tlie place, on the south 
side of Superior street near tlic top of the bhitT, and 
to tliis in tlie fall he moved his family. He also, 
during the same season, caused the erection of the 
first frame building in the cit}' — a l)arii built by Mr. 
Samuel Dodge. Elisha Norton, a trader, made his 
home in Cleveland with his family this year. 

In this year Mr. Spufford made another map of the 
city, about the same as the one formerly made by 
Pease, with two or three exceptions. Ohio street is 
shown as occupying the old line of Miami street from 
Huron street soutiiward, and then turning at a rigiit 
angle into the ])rcseut Ohio. This was probably an 
inadvertence on ihe jiart of Mr. Spafford. The short 
street, at first called Federal street, east of Erie, was 
shown on this map, but no name was given it, and, 
in fact, the name of Federal has never been known 
since. Probably the rapidly rising fortunes of the 
I temocratic party in Ohio made the name of "Federal" 
given l)y the magnates of Connecticut too unpopular 
for continuance. Superior lane was also shown on 
the new map and Maiden lane omitted; the latter 
evidently by direction, as it has never been replaced. 

In 1S02, the flrst school was kept on the city plat 
in Carter's house by Anna SpaiTord. There could 
hardly have been over a dozen scholars. If the 
younger ones strayed far on their school ward or home- 
ward route they were in danger of meeting the fate 
of Elisha's scorners. Alonzo Carter, eldest son of 
Lcu'cnzo, notes in his published reminiscences that a 
nuin killed a bear that year with a hoe, on Water 
street, near the light-liouse. 

The same season, as the future Governor Hunting- 
ton was lloundcring one evening on horseback along 
tiie swampy road from Painesville, a pack of wolves 
eanic out of the forest near the present corner of 
Euclid and Willson avenues, and attempted to seize 
him. He had no weapon but an umbrella. His 
frightened horse did its best to escai)e, but the mud 
was so deep that the wolves had decidedly the advan- 
tage. Huntington beat them back as well as he could 
with his umbrella, the horse made renewed cfFoi'ts, 
;i little firmer ground was reached, a rousing gallop 
left the assailants behind, and steed and rider, cov- 
ercil with mud. i|uiekly dashed in among the cabins 
of the city. 

Carter and SpaiTord had both been entertaining 
strangers ever since their arrival, but at the court of 
i|uarter sessions, held in August, 1803, they both ap- 
plied for and received regular licenses as hotel keep- 
ers. It did not require much to •' keep a hotel " in 
those days. Almost everybody had plenty of bread 
and meat, and if a man had an extra bed or two and 
could procure a barrel of whisky, lie was apt to put 
up a sign and announce himself as a tavern-keeper. 

In the ensuing winter Ohio was admitted as a State 
into the Union, and Mr. Huntington was elected one 
of the new House of Ucpresentativcs. On his arri- 
val at Chillicothe, the capital, he was elected the 
speaker of the House, and scarcely had he taken this 



position when, in T803, he was appointed one of the 
judges of the Supreme Court of the State. He still 
retained his residence at Cleveland, making long jour- 
neys on horseback through the forest from his log 
house on the Cuyahoga to take his sesit on the Su- 
preme Hench. 

That year the first frame house was erected in the 
city, nearly seven years after the first settlement, the 
builder being the indefatigable Carter. It was situ- 
ated near the foot of Superior street. Unfortunately, 
just as the house was finished and the fauiily could 
move in, the shavings caught fire and the building 
was totally consumed. Mr. C. built again the same 
year, but was obliged to confine himself to a hewed 
log house, and ifwas seven or eight years more — 
near fifteen years from the survey aud settlement — 
before Cleveland could boast of a single frame resi- 
dence. 

About one family a year seems to have been the in- 
crease of Cleveland for several years at this period. 
In 1804, Oliver Culver, one of the party who surveyed 
the Western Reserve, brought out some goods (salt, 
calico, li((nor and tobacco,) to trade with the Indians 
but after one season's experience returned east and 
did not rei)eat the experiment. The freight from 
Black Rock — now a part of Buffalo, was three dollars 
per liarrcJ. 

Another event of the year was the organization of 
the first militiacompany in the vicinity. The district 
apjiears to have embraced the whole civil township of 
Cleveland, containing several hundred sipiare miles, 
but the otficers. Captain Lorenzo Carter, Lieutenant 
Nathaniel Doan, and Ensign Samuel Jones all resided 
within the present limits of the city. The same sea- 
son Captain Carter was chosen major of the "second 
battalion, first regiment, second brigade and fourth 
division of the Ohio;" Doan and Jones being respect- 
ively promoted to captain and lieutenant. 

The event of 1805 was the purchase from the In- 
dians of that part of the Western Reserve west of the 
Cuyahoga. The facts regarding the treaty and the 
survey are given in Part One. The result was to open 
to settlement all that part of the present city lying 
west of the river. No haste was manifested, however, 
to take advantage of the opportunity, and for a long 
time the western bluffs were as densely covered as 
ever with the frowning forest. 

The same year a jiost ottice was established at 
Cleveland, and on the 22d day of October, Elisha 
Norton was appointed the first postiiiiistcr. Judge 
Huntington, who had Iwught an interest in the mills 
on Mill creek, removed thither this year. Owing to 
the existence of the mills and the healthiness of the 
surroundings this was a much more fiourishiiig place 
than Cleveland. It had ajiparently not yet received 
the name of Newburg, as it was spoken of in letters 
as "the mills near Cleveland." Resides Judge Hunt- 
ington's, there were the families of W. W. Williams, 
James Hamilton, Mr. Plumb and one or two others. 

It was a good deal like "getting up one step and 



2.32 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



falling back two," for the strngglirig, sickly little vil- 
lage. Samuel Dodge, who had married a daughter 
of Timothy Doau, established himself on the Euclid 
road, built a log house between the sites of the resi- 
dences of Messrs. Henry and G. C. Dodge, and dug 
the first well in Cleveland. It was walled up with 
stone, brought by the Indians into the neighborhood 
for backs to the fire jil aces of their wigwams. 

Notwithstanding tlie sale of the lands on the wc.^t 
side, many Indians continued to reside more or less 
of the time on their old ground. Among others was 
an old man named Omic, and his son Omic, some- 
times called Jolm Omic by the wliites, to distinguish 
him from his father. John Omic was afterwards 
tragically celebrated in the history of the county, as 
being the subject of the first execution witliin its 
borders. He seems to have been from boyhood a youth 
of evil-disposition and reckless temper. About the 
period in question, 1805, when he was a strapping 
fellow of fifteen or sixteen, he one day entered Major 
Carter's garden (as related by the major's niece, Mrs. 
Miles,) and began gatliering some vegetables. Mrs. 
Carter came out and ordered him away, whereupon 
he drew his knife and chased her tliree times around 
the house, and did not desist till a young man in the 
vicinity came up and drove him away. Perliaps his 
only intention was to scare her, hut it was certainly 
not a very pleasant experience. 

When Major Carter came home and heard his wife's 
story, he was naturally greatly enraged. Putting a 
rope in his pocket, he started for the cabin of old 
Omic on the other side of the river. Arriving there, 
he told the old man what his son had done, and de- 
clared that he was going to hunt up the young rascal 
and hang him — at the same time i)roducing the rope 
to give cmpliasis to his words. Carter was renowned 
as a fighting man among the whites, and had acquired 
a great influence over the Indians, whose language he 
spoke fluently. They believed he could and would 
accomplish almost anything he took a fancy to do, 
and old Omic was terribly frightened. He begged 
and implored Carter not to hang his boy, but for a 
time the major was inexorable. At length yielded he 
so far as to promise that if the scamp would stay on the 
west side of the river, and never under any circum- 
stances cross the stream, his life sliould be spared. 
The old man promised zealously tliat the condition 
should be faithfully observed. 

"Now remember," said Cartel', as he flourislied his 
rope, "if I ever catcli him on that side again, I'll 
hang him up to the first tree in five minutes. 

"He no come, he no come," earnestly replied the 
father. 

And sure enough, the danger of getting within the 
grasp of the irate major was so strongly placed before 
the rei>robate by his father, and perhaps by others of 
the older Indian.s, that young Omic kept his own side 
of the stream, and according to Mrs. Miles' recollection 
he did not again cross it until, several years later, he 
was on the way to his trial and execution. 



We have mentioned in the general history of the 
county the loss of the boat which started from Cleve- 
land in the spring of 1806, containing a Mr. Hunter, 
his family, and two colored persons, and was wrecked 
a little east of Rocky river; a colored man called Ben 
being the only jierson saved. The incident had a 
curious sequence, related by A. W. Walworth in his 
sketch of Major Carter, published inC'ol. Whitteslcy's 
work. 

When Ben wa^ brought back to Cleveland, half 
starved and nearly frozen to death, he was taken to 
Carter's tavern, which was the general rendezvous, 
especially for the used-up part of tlie community, 
wlio had no other home. Rheumatism drew Ben's 
limbs out of shape, some of liis toes were so iiadly 
frozen that they came off, and he was unable to do 
any work, but the free-hearted major kej)t him 
throughout the summer. In October two Kentucki- 
ans came to Cleveland, one of whom declared that he 
was the owner of Ben, who was an escaped slave. 
The major told them what a hard time Bon had had, 
and how he, the major, had kept him, gratis, on ac- 
count of his misfortunes. 

"I don't like niggers," said the worthy major, 
"hut I don't believe in slavery, and Ben shan't be 
taken away unless he chooses to go." 

The owner declared that ho had always used Ben 
well, that he had overpersuaded to run away by^ 
others, and that he would probably be willing to go 
back to his old home. He wanted to have a talk with 
Ben, but the major would not consent to this, unless 
the negro desired it. Finally, after consulting Ben, 
it was agreed among all the parties that a parley 
should take place in the following manner: The 
owner was to take his station on the east bank of the 
Cuyahoga, near the end of Huron street, while Ben 
was to take his post on the opposite side, and the 
conversation was to be carried on aci'oss the stream. 
Certainly the major guarded pretty efFectually against 
treachery. This jirogram was faithfully carried out. 
After salutations back and forth, the master said: 

"Ben, haven't I always used you like one of the 
family? " 

" Yes, massa;" replied Ben. The conversation was 
carried on for some time, many inquiries being made 
by Ben. regarding old acquaintances, and by the Ken- 
tuekian I'egarding the adventures of his servant. 
Great good feeling seemed to be manifested on both 
sides, though no definite arrangement was made. 
This, however, was consummated by future negotia- 
tions, and the next morning, but one, young Walworth 
saw the Kentuckians starting southward on the river 
road, Ben riding his master's horse, while the latter 
walked on foot by his side. 

But the most curious part of the affair was still to 
come. Eight or nine miles from the village a couple 
of white men, who had been hanging around Carter's 
tavern all summer, getting their living principally off 
from the good-natured major, suddenly appeared by 



THE VILLAGE FROM 1800 TO 1815. 



333 



the roadside witli rifles in their hands. One of Iheiii 
eried out: 

"Ben., you d — d fool, jumpolT from tliat horse and 
take to the woods." 

This was long before the days of revolvers, aud the 
owner's big horse-jjistols were in the holsters on the 
iiorse that Ben. was riding. Besides, both the Ken- 
tiickians were too much surprised to make resistance 
on (he instant. Ben. jumped of? the horse and ran 
oil' into the woods; the two riilemeu immediately fol- 
lowed, and the Kentuckians were left to digest their 
disappointment as best they might. They probably 
tiiought that the game was not wortli any more hunt- 
ing and <iid not return to Cleveland, nor make any 
further attempts to recover their trou1)lesome pro])- 
erty. 

The next winter Major Spaflord's son and another 
young Clevelander were hunting on the west side of 
tiie river, when they came across a rude hut in the 
forest;, near the line of the present townships of Lide- 
pendence and Brecksville, where Ben. had domiciled 
liimself. It was supposed that he went from there to 
t'anada. It was never known whether the "rescue" 
was the result of any settled plan or merely arose 
from a sudden freak on the part of the two men be- 
fore mentioned. There seems to have been no reason 
wiiy a rescue should have been planned, as it would 
Iiave been impossible, in this forest-covered country, 
to take the negro in the first place without his own 
consent. 

Mr. A. W. Walworth, from whom the above anec- 
dote is derived, was then a youth of about sixteen, 
and was tlie son of Mr. John Walworth, who iiad 
moved to Cleveland in April, 1800. The latter was a 
near relative of Hon. R. Hyde Walworth, the cele- 
brated chancellor of New York, lie was ai)i)ointcd 
collector of the district of Erie on the 17th day of 
JaniKiry, 180<>. In .fune previous he had been ap- 
pointed inspector of the port of Cuyahoga, but had 
continued to reside at Painesville, making occasional 
visits to the scene of his few oflicial duties. Previ- 
ous to tiiis there liad been practically nothing to pre- 
vent the smuggling from Canada of whatever any one 
desired. Tiie loss to the United States government 
was not probably very large, however, as throe years 
later tiie amount of im])orts from Canada, for a year, 
was only fifty dollars. Mr. Walworth was also ap- 
pointed associate judge of Geauga county just before 
his coming to Cleveland and postmaster of that place 
in May after his arrival, the latter appointment, being 
in place of Elisha Norton, wlio removed from the vil- 
lage. After a sliort residence on Superior street he 
removed to a farm he had purcluised, about two miles 
111) the Pittsburg road, now Broadway, embracing 
what was commonly known as Walworth point. 

We have had frequent occasion to speak of the 
marshy ground in various parts of Cleveland. A 
youthful visitor of 180G speaks of the boys and girls 
pieking whortleberries in the marsh " west of Dolph 
Edwards";" thai is in tjie vicinity of the present work- 



house. At this time the ridge- road from the mills to 
Doan's Corners was lined with fields almost all the 
way from the mills to Kingsbury's, and much of the 
distance from there to the corners. The fields, how- 
ever, contained many dry, girdled ti'ees, presenting 
an unsightly appearance to any one fresh from the 
highly cultivated farms of New England. Several 
orchards were rapidly approaching maturity, and Mr. 
Kingsbury's bore a few apples that year. 

Mr. Kingsbury's farm being in a prosperous condi- 
tion, he determined to have a framed house. He jiut 
up the frame that year, 180G, depending on obtaining 
his lumber from Williams and Uuntiiigton's sawmill. 
But the dam went off in the s^n-ing and the frame re- 
mained uncovered for over a year. Unwilling to be 
so dependent on others and having ain-etty good mill- 
privilege on Kingsbury run, the energetic judge went 
to work and erected a sawmill. The next year, 1807, 
he covered his house; making the brick for the im- 
mense stack of chimneys from clay close by. Ilis son 
still jiossesses the last brick made, marked with the 
date, "June ^2, 1807." , 

The house was a large two-story frame, and is still 
standing in good repair, occupied by a son, James 
Kingsbury, then unborn, but now an aged man. It 
is probably the oldest building standing within the 
limits of the city. Part of the upper story was fin- 
ished off in a large room, in which dances were held, 
and also masonic communications, the judge being a 
zealous member of the mystic order. 

One of the visitors to Cleveland mentions attend- 
ii^ a meeting at Doan's Corners, where a preacher 
named Daniel Parker attempted to introduce a new 
religious sect called the Ilaicyonites, but apparently 
with little success, as we hear no more of that sweetly 
named denomination. Tlie preachers who sometimes 
visited Cleveland bore jiretty general testimony to the 
wickedness of the inhabitants, but it appears to have 
related more to matters of opinion and of language 
than to more violent offenses. Crime of every kind 
seems to have been very rare, and the settlers were 
nearly all industrious, honest and enterprising. Prob- 
ably they drank a good deal of whisky, but that was 
a common fault in those days and is not yet entirely 
overcome. 

But the reverend gentlemen accused them of gross 
infidelity, of terrific jirofanity, and what was worse of 
making a practice of slauglitering their hogs on Sun- 
day. This was certainly a most objectionable proceed- 
ing, in taste as well as in morals. Newbui-g, or "tiie 
Mills,'' was considered a little better, but not niiicli. 

An incident of 1807 shows the off-liand way in 
which things were done in tlio.se days. One morning 
a man who had worked for the Major two or three 
months suddenly disappeared. He had taken nothing 
and the major owed him a few dollars; so that his 
running away was (piite inexplicable. Spafford went 
to his brother major. Carter, and told him about the 
affair. Carter at once said that no one should run 
aw.iy from Cleveland, sliouldered his rifle aud started 



234 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



in pursuit. Taking the fellow's trail, he overtook 
liini near tlie ])rescnt Willson avenue, and onlerecl his 
return. 

"No," he replied; "I have stolen nothing and 
don't owe anything; I shall not go back." 

" Go or be killed," was the rei)ly of Carter, "and 
be thrown into this eat tail swamp for the wolves to 
feed on." 

The man sullenly assented, and Carter took him 
back to Spafford. 

" Why did you run away,'" (juericd the latter; " I 
owe you some money. " 

" Well," replied the man, " I have always been a 
rover, and when I have worked as long as I want to 
in one place, I generally run away.'' 

"It's a bad practice," said Spafford, "and you 
can't do it here." 

" I see 1 can't,'" admitted the man. 

"Well, now, sit down and eat your breakfast, and 
1 will see how much I owe you, and after I pay you, 
you can go, and welcome." 

"Well, now," said the other; "I have given up 
going, and I am willing to stay and work a spell 
longer." 

" All right," replied the Major; and accordingly 
the fellow continued to labor for his former employer 
two or three months longer. We have heard of a great 
many cases of men being brought back by force to pay 
their debts, but this is the first instance, with which 
our historical researches have made us acquainted, of 
a -man's being ct.mpellcd in that manner to receive 
money which was due him. 

In 1807 the fourth draft of the lands of the Western 
Reserve was made. Samuel P. Lord and others drew 
the township of Brooklyn, which then came to tlie 
river at its mouth. 

Another major, Nathan Perry, became a resident 
of Cleveland in the summer of 1807. His son Hor- 
ace preceded him a few months, and another son, 
Nathan, Jr., followed in the autumn. 

Several incidents occurring at and near Cleveland 
we have mentioned in the general history of the 
county. As we have also stated there, Judge Hunt- 
ington moved to Painesvilleand was elected governor 
of the State. While in office (in 1809) he appointed 
Hon. Stanley Griswold, United States senator to fill 
out a few months of an unexpired term. Senator 
Griswold then lived at " Uoan"s Corners'' (now in 
the east part of the city). A visitor mentions attend- 
ing a spirited militia election there while the senator 
was at Washington; at which the late Allen Gaylord, 
of Ncwburg, was elected ensign. Senator Griswold 
remained a resident there but a short time after the 
exiiiraliou of his term in congress. 

Mrs. Miles relates an incident of tiiis period (about 
1809) when she was the youthful Fanny Hawley of 
some sixteen summers, which gives an idea of the 
alarms to which the damsels of that day were subject. 
Tliey were not so terrible as on some frontiers, where 
the lomaliawk and scalj)ing-knife were in fre(|iu'iit 



use, but were sufficiently startling to seriously try the 
nerves of our modern belles. She was riding to 
Cleveland on horseback, on a man's saddle impro- 
vised into a side-saddle, over the road from the Kings- 
bury settlement, which ran near the line of the 
present Kinsman street. When in the midst of the 
woods, about half way to town, her horse suddenly 
stojiped. An Indian came out of the woods, put his 
hand ujion her, and in harsh, broken English, said : 

"Give me whisky." 

"Why, I haven't any whisky,"" replied Miss Haw- 
ley; "not a jiarticle." 

"Ughl damn you — give me money," then said the 
son of the forest, in a still more angry tone. 

At this moment the young lady's horse, which had 
been fretting at the presence of the red man (for 
white men's horses were usually much afraid of In- 
dians), suddenly dashed off through the woods at 
high sjieed. Miss Fanny was entirely unable to hold 
him, and clung to the jiommel and crupper as best 
she could. The animal soon came near the house of 
a Mr. Dille, lately settled in that locality, who ran 
out and stopped him, and the young lady received no 
injury. The runaway was not pleasant, but it at 
least cleared her of the Indian. 

She went on to town, and on returning found that 
the same Indian had been at herfathcr's house during 
her absence in company with his squaw. He was con- 
siderably intoxicated, and soon began to make a dis- 
turbance. Mrs. Hawley gave him a push which toppled 
him over on to the fire. He got up, very angry, but 
did not commit any personal violence. His squaw 
told Mrs. Hawley to carry out of doors everything 
with which he could hurt any one. Mrs. Hawley and 
the squaw accordingly slipped out and hid a butcher 
knife and one or two similar articles. As they were 
doing so the Indian snatched a loaf of bread from the 
bake oven and started. Mrs. Hawley met him at the 
door. He put his hand to his breast as if to draw a 
knife. Mrs. Hawley dodged, and he ran off into the 
woods with his loaf of bread. The whole proceeding 
may not have been dangerous, but it was not at all 
amusing. 

In 1807, (January 5,) the fifth and last division of 
the lands of the Western Eeserve was made at Hart- 
ford, including the unsold lots at Cleveland. The 
same year Brooklyn, including the present west part of 
Cleveland, was surveyed into lots and offered for 
sale. That year also, the brothers Levi, Samuel and 
Jonathan Johnson became residents of the still dimin- 
utive city. 

By far the most imiHirtant event of the year con- 
nected with Cleveland was the establishment of the 
county-seat at that place. Cuyaiioga county had 
been set off from Geauga in 1807, l)ut had not been 
organized, nor had a county-seat been designated. In 
the spring of 1809 a commission was appointed by the 
State authorities for that purpose. There was quite 
a sliarp contest between Cleveland and Newburg for 
tht' location. Tlie latter place was full as large as the 



THE VILLAGE FROM 1800 TO 18L5. 



235 



foriner and even more thriving, on account of its su- 
jierior health. Cleveland, however, whicli had evi- 
dently a good commercial location, with large pros- 
])ccts of becoming an important port, succeeded in 
the contest. 

In 1800 Judge Walwortli, then jiostmaster, eni- 
pliiyed Levi Johnson to build a small framed office on 
Superior street. This is said to have been the first 
framed building erected in the "'city," except barns, 
and except Carter's house, which was burned. At all 
events, a framed building was enough of a novelty so 
I hat people collected in considcral)le numbers to watch 
its progress. 

Major Carter, however, built a warehouse on Union 
lane in 1809 and 'l(i, showing that there was certainly 
som.e business at the mouth of the Cuyahoga. 

In the si)ring of 1810 Elias Cozad, a young man of 
twenty-one, settled at " Doan's Corners," where he 
still resides. He had come to that locality with his 
fatlier, Samuel Cozad, in 1808, but had returned eas^ 
to tinisli learning his trade, that of a tanner. Imme- 
diately after coming to the corners for tlie second 
time, he built and bjgau operating the first tannery 
in the township of Cleveland. Mr. Cozad was after- 
wards an officer of tlie militia in tlie war of 1813. He 
has been an active citizcm througliout the greater part 
of his life, and, notwithstanding his great age, is a 
person of marked intelligence. We had the pleasure of 
a most interesting conversation with him during the 
p:ist year on the events of early times. No male resi- 
dent has spent so long a period of his adult life in 
wiiat is now the city of Cleveland as Mr. Cozad, 
though there may be some still surviving who were 
1)1 iru liere before he came, or who came here as boys 
before he did. 

Samuel and Matthew Williamson set uf) a tannery 
in Cleveland proper, that is in the then village of 
Cleveland, soon after Mr. Cozad started his at Doan's 
Corners, in the latter part of 1810 or forepart of 1811. 
Alfred Kelley the first practising lawyer, and David 
Lang, the first physician, both also nuide their home 
in Cleveland in 1810. 

Mr. Levi Johnson has left a record of the inhabit- 
ants of Cleveland in 1810, which we copy entire. 
According to it the population of the youthful city 
was then as follows; the figures after each family rep- 
resenting the total number of its members: Abram 
lliekox and family (.5); Dr. David Long; Mrs. Coit; 
Alfred Kelley; Levi Johnson; Lorenzo Carter and 
family (7); Elias and Harvey Murray and family (-1); 
Major I'erry and wife (3); Henoni Carter; Hold Me- 
Conkey and family (3); JacobWilkinson and family (5); 
Samuel Johnson; Charles Gun and two brothers (3); 
John Walworth and family (7); Samuel Williamson 
and family (.')); Matthew Williamson; Mr. Hnmiston 
and family (-1); Mr. Simpson and family (5). This 
made a total of fifty-seven persons then resident in 
the village of Cleveland, fourteen years after it was 
first laid out; certainly not a very hopeful iadicatiou 
of future greatness. 



Elias and Harvey Murray, above mentioned, owned 
a store, as did also Major Perry, these being the only 
storekeepers in the place. These were something 
like real stores, having taken the place of the cabins 
jiartly tilled with Indian goods which were called 
stores a few years earlier. Not, indeed, that these 
later ones were at all splendid; they were merely rude 
depositories of the coarse goods of all kinds generally 
used by farmers and mechanics in a new country. 

It was May of this year (1810) that the first Court 
of record in the county was organized in the store of 
E. & II. Murray. Mr. Elias Cozad attended it, and 
mentions the fact that the presiding judge, Hon. Ben- 
jamin Ruggles, wore a queue — evidently a gentleman 
of the old school — for queues had generally gone out 
of fashion. There were very few suits, the j)rincipal 
business being the trying of indictments for selling 
liquor to the Indians. 

The next year the Messrs. Murray built a log ware- 
house near the river, which indicates two things: In 
connection with the erection of Major Carter's ware- 
house a year or two before it shows that quite a little 
business was done at this port, and it also shows that 
the place was still in a very backward state and profits 
small, or the merchants mentioned would have put up 
a framed warehouse. 

George Wallace came this year and began keejiing 
tavern. His and Carter's were the only taverns in the 
place. Carter died during the war. 

The next year saw the first execution in Cleveland 
and the breaking out of the conflict with Great Brit- 
ain, commonly called the war of 1813. Both these 
events have been spoken of at considerable length ; the 
former having been under the control of the county 
authorities, and the latter a matter of national im- 
portance. The war did not affect this place very se- 
riously, though the jieople were kept in a continuous 
state of alarm for a large portion of the time, for fear 
lest an invading force should reach them either by sea 
or land. 

All the events of a warlike character which oc- 
curred here during the war of 1812, were necessarily 
narrated in the general history of the county, and few 
events not of a warlike character occurred here until 
after the close of the war. 

There is extant a list of the families living in 
Cleveland at the beginning of the war. These were 
those of George Wallace, Samuel Williamson, Ilezekiah 
King, Elias Murray, Richard Bailey, Amasa Bailey, 
Hiram Hanchett, Harvey Murray, Abraham Ilickox, 
Levi Johnson, Samuel Jone.s, David Ilickox and Dr. 
Long. The list of two years before conii)rised eleven 
families — that of the present year, thirteen — a gain of 
one family per year. Besides those named, there were 
James Root, Alfred Kelley and Matthew Williamson, 
who were without families, and probably some others. 

All the places of business were on Superior street 
below the present location of the Weddell House, 
while most of the residences were ahso on some part 
of Superior street l)elow the Public Square. A few 



236 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



ouly were ou side streets leading off from it. Nearly 
all the rest of what now constitutes the city was 
forest or swamp until one reached the extreme outer 
portion. At Doan's Corners was a thriving farming 
settlement, consisting of Mr. Doan, Mr. Cozad and 
one or two others, and the farming tract before men- 
tioned, which extended south along the ridge, now 
known as Woodland Ilights, to Newburg, was by this 
time j^retty thoroughly cleared up. Rudolphus Ed- 
wards had a hundred and fifty acres under cultiva- 
tion, Judge Kingsbury had another large farm, and 
similar, though perhaps smaller ones were located all 
along the route. 

Newburg was a thriving little place, but from there 
to Cleveland village about the only clearing of any 
consequence was the Walwortli place, about two miles 
up the river, where Mr. John Walwortli died during 
the first year of the war. The large tract between 
the farms on the Hights, the road to Newburg and 
the Euclid road, and thence north to the lake, was 
substantially in the same condition that it was in 
when Moses Cleaveland first came to the mouth of 
the Cuyahoga. 

As has been stated, all the warlike movements of 
that period have been narrated in the general history, 
as has also the erection of the first-court house by 
Levi Johnson. A few minor incidents of that excit- 
ing time may, however, be worth mentioning. Two 
days after Perry's victory, Mr. Levi Johnson and a 
man named Rumage found a large flat boat which 
had beeu abandoned by Quartermaster (afterwards 
General) Jessup. They loaded this with two hun- 
dred bushels of potatoes, took them to Put-in-Bay and 
sold them to the fleet and army, easily quadrupling 
their money. Jessup kept the boat to aid tlie move- 
ment of Harrison's army into Canada, while Johnson 
returned to Cleveland as pilot of the sloop " Somers," 
one of Perry's victorious fleet. Soon after, Rumage 
returned with the flat boat, and with news of the 
victory of the Thames. Johnson resumed command 
and made several successful trips. 

There was but little progress during tlie war, yet 
the first brick building in Cleveland was a store built 
in 1814, by J. R. and L-ad Kelley. In that year 
Spafford's old map was copied by Alfred Kelley, and 
marks added showing all the buildings in existence 
in the village when the copy was made. There were 
tliirty-four in all. 

In 1814, Levi Johnson built the schooner "Pilot." 
The curiosity concerning it is that for convenience in 
obtaining timber he built it in the woods, near the 
site of St. Paul's church, on Euclid ave7uie, half a 
mile from the water. When it was finished, the en- 
terprising builder made a " bee." The farmers came 
in witli twenty-eight yoke of cattle, and the "Pilot" 
was put on wheels and dragged to the foot of Superior 
street, where it w'as launclied in the river, with re- 
sounding cheers. 

On the 23d of December, 1815, the legislature 
jjassed an act incorporating the village of Cleveland. 



This was the last event of especial consequence affect- 
ing that place before the close of the war of 1812, 
which occurred the same winter. The succeeding era 
of peace may properly be begun with a new chapter. 
Before entering ou the new era, however, we will ap- 
pend a des-cription of the jollification which took jilacu 
when the news of peace arrived here, in nearly the 
same words in which the event is recoi'ded in a manu- 
script preserved in the Historical Society. 

When the news was received, the citizens assembled 
by a common impulse to celebrate so momentous an 
event. The depression, the sacrifices and the alarms 
of three tedious years were terminated. There was 
no formal meeting with speeches and resolutions, but 
a spontaneous and most exuberant expression of joy. 
Every one w-as in a mood to do something extrava- 
gant. It is reported that one of the citizens, by way 
of an impromptu feu de joie, set fire to a load of 
hay, which a farmer was bringing to market. 

A government gun was brought out. Abram Hick- 
ox, the principal blacksmith of the village, carried 
the powder in a pail; throwing it into the piece by 
the handfull. Another gunner had a fire-brand with 
which to "touch off" the gun, a spark from whicli 
found its way into "Uncle Abram's" pail. He wa-^ 
seen to rise instantly from the earth as high as the 
eaves of an adjacent house (so runs the record), com- 
ing down half stripped of his clothing. In this 
plight he ran down Superior street, scrciiming vehe- 
mently that he was killed. He was not, however, 
and, after doing the blacksmithing for one generation, 
he survived to become the .sexton of the next. 

Whisky was regarded as common property on that 
day, jicrforming an important ])art in their patriotic 
rejoicings. Before night not a few found it desirable 
to lean against a friendly stump, or recline comfort- 
ably in a convenient fence-corner. But they soon re- 
covered, and went to work at their respective voca- 
tions with great hopes of the prosperity which was to 
follow the return of peace. 



CHAPTER XLVI. 

THE VILLAGE FROM 1815 TO 1825. 

First Vill.ige Officers— General Depression— Another Vessel built inland 
— N. H. Merwin— Mrs. P. Scovill— Going to Church liy Bugle call- 
Leonard Case's Description— The Traveled Streets— Woods, Swamp 
and Brush— The Residents and their Families— Moses W'hite — Prom- 
inent Men of Newburg — *■ Cleveland, Six Miles from Newburg" — 
The Euclid Road — Laid out to the Corner of the Square — Framed 
Warehouses — Stone Quarry and Mill at Newburg— Commercial Bank 
of Lake Erie— Orlando Cutler— Samuel Cowles and Reuben Wood— 
Land on the Square sold for SIW per Acre— Ansel Young — Steamboat 
and Newspaper— '"The God of Lake Erie ""- Carding Machines and 
other Items— P. 31. Weddell— Michael Spangler— Religious Matters— A 
Theatrical Performance— John Brooks and other Newburgers- Killed 
by a Limb— Hunting Deer— The First Bridge— Business Rivalry— The 
Cleveland Academy— The Cleveland Forum— The West Side— Poor 
Harbors— The Canal— The Turning Point^J. W. Allen. 

On the first Monday of June, 1815, the first village 
election took jilace. The following officers were unan- 
imously elected; each receiving twelve votes: Alfred 




,HIAW«, 



A^tA 



THE VILLAGE FKOM 181j TO 1825. 



137 



Kelley, president; Horace Perry, recorder; Alonzo 
Carter, treasurer; John A. Acklcy, marshall; George 
Wallace and Jolin Riddle, assessors; Samuel William- 
son, David Long, and Xatlian Perry, Jr., trustees. 

The hopes entertained of great immediate prosperity 
on the niturn of jieace were by no means realized. In 
fact, the sudden change in the value of paj)er money 
and the general financial stringency which came upon 
the country immediately after the war, combined with 
(lie cheapness of agricultural products, the ditfieulty 
of sending them East, and the general indebtedness 
for land, rendered the live years next succeeding the 
war even more discouraging than the jieriod which 
jireceded it. 

Nevertheless there was (piiU' a number of new resi- 
dents came in that jjcriod and tiiere was (juite an 
amount of business done, considering how small a 
place Cleveland actually was. 

This year the enterprising boat-builder, Levi John- 
son, laid (he keel of the schooner "Neptune," of six- 
ty-five tons, near the site of Central Market, and it 
was afterwards moved to the water by the same means 
employed in the case of the "Pilot." 

Noble n. Merwin, long a prominent citizen of Cleve- 
land, came to that place in 1815, and began keeping 
the tavern j)reviously kept by George Wallace, at the 
corner of Superior street and Virginia lane. He also 
engaged largely in the provision trade, vessel-building, 
and other business connection with the lake. 

Among the newcomers of 1816 was Miss Bixby, 
now the venerable Mrs. Philo Scovill. She mentions 
among those who were then residents in the village, 
Levi Johnson, Alfred Kelley, Phineas Shepard, the 
widow Carter, whose house had a large rye-field in 
front of it, Phineas Shepard, who kei)t the old 
Carter tavern. Dr. Long, before mentioned. Dr. 
Mackintosh, N. H. Merwin and Hiram Hanchett, 
the tavern-keepers, Horace Perry, Philo Scovill, after- 
wards her husband, who kept a drug store, etc. 

There was no church nor settled minister, and 
when a traveling preacher occasionally came along, 
meetings were held in the scliool-house in winter and 
in the conrt-housc in summer. The people were 
called to meeting by the blowing of a bugle by a Mr. 
Bliss. 

A detailed description of Cleveland in 181G was 
made in writing Ijy the late Leonard Case, wlio first 
came to tlie village on the second day of August, in 
that year. From this document, for the use of which 
we are indebted to the courtesy of Mr. Williamson, 
we select the principal points. The only stieets 
cleared were Superior, west of the square, Euclid 
street (or more jji-operly the Euclid road), which was 
made passable for teams, and a i)art of Ontario street. 
Water street was a mere winding path in the bushes. 
Vineyard lane and Union lane were paths running 
down to the river. Mandrake lane was all woods, 
none of it being worked. Seneca and Bank streets 
were all woods. Ontario street, north of the scjuare, 
Superior street, east of it. Wood, Bond and Erie 



streets were all in a state of nature. Ontario street, 
south of the square to the site of the market, and 
thence along the line of Broadway, was open for 
travel, as that was the road to the thriving village of 
Newburg. There was also the Kinsman road (now 
Woodland avenue), but that was entirely out of town. 

Nearly all the ground between the hill and the 
river was what Mr. Case designates as swam]), with 
occiusional pieces of pasture land. On the hill there 
were the improved lots along Superior street, and 
north of it the rye-field of ten acres, also mentioned 
by Mrs. Scovill. Levi Johnson had a field where the 
City Hospital now is. The rest of the land covering 
all between St. Clair and Lake streets, and most of 
that between Superior and St. Clair, and running 
east to Erie street, was in brush or slashing; the 
larger timber having been cut down for use and the 
rest left standing. It afforded considerable pasturage 
to the cattle of the villagers, and the children found 
large quantities of strawberries there. 

South of the gardens on Superior street, as far east 
as lot eighty, the land was also a bi'ush pasture. Un 
along the liigh banks as far as the Walworth farm 
on the road to Newburg there was more woods and 
less pasture. East of Pittsburg street, (the Newburg 
road,) all was woods with occasional patches of brush. 

Mr. Case also gives an account of all the inhabit- 
ants, though our space will not permit us to go so 
fully into detail as he does. On Superior street there 
were Noble H. Merwin, his wife Minerva, his clerk, 
William Ingersoll, and his boarders, Thomas 0. 
Young, Philo Scovill, Leonard Case and others; Hi- 
ram Hanchett, his wife Mary and five children; Silas 
Walsworth and wife; James Gear and wife, (the last 
two named men were hatters;) Darius B. Henderson, 
his wife Sophia and their daughter; Dr. David Long, 
his wife Juliana and two children; A. W. Walworth, 
postmaster and collector; Daniel Kelley and his sons 
Joseph R., Alfred, Thomas M. and Irad, of whom 
J. R. and Irad were merchants in company; Almon 
Kingsbury, who was carrying on a store in company 
with his father James Kingsl)ury; Pliny Mowry, who 
kept tavern on the site of the Forest City House; Hor- 
ace Perry and his wife Abigail; Abram Ilickox, the 
blacksmith, and his family; Levi Johnson and his wife 
Margaret; Amasa Bailey; Christopher Gun, who kejjt 
the ferry; (Jeorge Pease; Phineas Shepard, who kept 
tavarn in the old Carter building, part log and part 
frame; Nathan Perry and his wife Paulina (the former 
being the owner of a store, with a good assortment); 
John Aughcnbaugh and family (butcher); one negro 
family (name unknown); Dr. Daniel 0. Iloyt, who 
soon moved to Woostcr; Glm). Wallace (tavern keeper), 
his wife Harriet and four children, and his boarders, 
James Root, S. S. Dudley, H. Willman, William Gay- 
lord and C. Belden; Asahel Abell, cabinet maker; 
David Burroughs, Sr., and Jr., blacksmiths. 

On Water street there were Samuel and Mathew 
Williamson, tanners; Maj, Carter's widow, on the bank 
of the hill; John Burtiss, brewer and vessel builder; 



238 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



John A. Ackley and family; Dr. Donald Mcintosh; 
William C. Johnson (lake captain) and family; Harpin 
Johnson (hike captain) and family. Alonzo Carter 
was then living on the west side of the river, and his 
appears to have been the only fanrily there. 

Those who came somewhat later the same season 
were Lnther M. Parsons, Moses White, James llynd- 
man. Abram Winston, Chas. Frisbee, Sherman Peck, 
George G. Hills, Eleazer Waterman, Daniel Jones, 
Orlando Cutter and Thomas Eumage. 

Mr. Moses White, one of the newcomers, is still a 
resident of the city and gives a similar description of 
the primitive village. He mentions a little new school 
house where the Kennard House now stands. It was 
eighteen feet by twenty-eight, with a stone chimney. 
Mr. AVhite put up a tailor's shoj) the nest year, it 
being the first in Cleveland. When he wanted to get 
it painted he had to go to Newburg for a jiainter. 
There were two stores there and about twenty-five 
houses. Daniel, Theodore and Erastus Miles and Al- 
lan Gaylord were among the principal citizens. Also 
Aaron Shepard, Gains Burke and his brothers, and N. 
Bates. It was hardly as large as Cleveland, but was 
surrounded by a more flourishing country. Letters 
used to come, directed to "M. White, Cleveland, six 
miles from Newburg, Ohio. 

Bilious fever, as well as fever and ague, was still 
prevalent here, and at the rival port of Buffalo they 
told Mr. White that if became to Cleveland he would 
not live over night. But he did live and the town 
lived, too. The I'elics of Fort Huntington, erected 
during the war, were still standing, between Seneca 
and Ontario streets, but soon disappeared. 

The Euclid road did not originally come to the 
Public Square but stopped at Huron street. As there 
were no improvements in the way, however, the peo- 
ple traveled on to the square, and soon after the incor- 
poration of the village, the road or street was extended 
along the same line.* In order to strike the corner of 
the square, it was necessary to make a slight angle at 
the junction of Huron street. It would hardly be 
noticed by the casual traveler, but may easily be seen 
on careful observation. Bond and Wood streets, and 
a street around the square were laid out at the same 
time. The total assessed valuation of the whole 
original plat of the village, in 1816, was twenty-one 
thousand and sixty-five dollars. 

Down to this time all the warehouses had been of 
logs. In 1817, Leonard Case and Captain William 
Gaylord built the first framed one, on the river, north 
of St. Clair street. Soon afterwards Levi Johnson 
and Dr. David Long built another framed warehouse, 
below Case and Gaylord's, and, ere long, still another 
was built near it by John Blair. Between Blair's 
warehouse and Murray's log one was an imjiassable 
marsh. 

About 1817 Abel K. Garlick came and liegan cut- 
ting stone on Bank street. He obtained a fine- 

*Some make the date later, but the weight of evideuce is iu favor of the 
peiiod mentioned. 



grained, blue sandstone from Newburg. Ere long a 
mill was erected at the quarry on Mill creek (New- 
burg) below the falls, where the stone was sawed, as 
it now is at Berea and elsewhere, into slabs for use. 
This was the first establishment of the kind iu the 
county. 

Abont this time (1817) Mr. Josiah Barber, one of 
the proprietors of land on the West Side, established a 
store there, and offered inducements to persons to pur- 
chase and settle there. Phineas Shepherd moved over 
and went to keeping tavern. He had possibly done 
so as early as 1816. There were already clearings 
back in what is now the township of Brooklyn, but 
none near the mouth of the Cuyahoga, excejit Alonzo 
Carter's place, until the time in question. Another 
account gives the date of ^tr. Barber's movement as 
late as 1819. 

The Commercial Bank of Lake Erie had been 
started in 1816, with Leonard Case as cashier, but 
there was hardly business enough to support it and 
it went down in 1819. It, however, revived and went 
on. 

The prominent arrivals of 1818 were Orlando Cut- 
ter, who began business with a stock of twenty thou- 
sand dollars, then considered an immense amount; 
Samuel Cowles, a lawyer and business man, and 
Reuben Wood, also a lawyer, who afterwards became 
governor of the State. At this time James Kings- 
bury sold to Leonard Case five acres where the jjost 
office and neighboring buildings now stand, for one 
hundred dollars per acre, which was then considered 
a good price. Another gentleman who came in that 
year died during the present one, at the age of ninety- 
one. This was Ansel Young, who settled at Doau's 
Corners, where he was long known to the general 
public as the only maker of almanacs in this region, 
and to his acquaintances as a man of marked scien- 
tific acquirements, and as the intimate friend of the 
eminent historian, Jared Sparks. 

We have noticed in the general history the arrival 
of the first steamboat, the renowned " Walk-in-the- 
Water," and the establishment of the first newspaper, 
the Jiet/ister, in 1818, and the second one, the Herald, 
iu 1819. One of the earliest issues of the latter sheet 
had an article satirizing the fever and ague, which 
was still the great bugbear of this region. It ran as 
follows: 

" Agueagueshakeshake, 
The god of Lake Erie, 

Takes this opportunity to announce his high satis- 
faction for the devotion offered at his shrine by the 
new converts on the shores of his dominion. He 
would feel much pleasure could he continue his resi- 
dence through the winter, but, having lately experi- 
enced much rough handling from his enemy. Jack 
Frost, the Demon of the Forest, he is now under the 
necessity of holding his court among tlie alcoves of 
Erie, among his liege subjects, the Muscalouges and 
Catfish. On the 1th day of July next, he will remove 



TIIK VILI,A(iE FROM ISi:, TO 1825. 



2.10 



his court lo the liigliluiids of tlic Cuyiilioga, luul, 
as ho hopes, witli force to drive old Jack into tlie 
hike, ajid continue his laud dominion for many a 
good year to come. " 

Among other things, we learn from tlie I/cnih/ of 
181!), that Ei)hraim Ilubhel wa.s tlieu jiutting up two 
carding machines at the mills at Ncwhurg, and would 
soon do carding for six and a fonrtli cents a pound; 
lliat Dr. David Long was selling salt, plaster, iron, 
buffalo robes, etc.; that Merritt Seeley had purchased 
the stock of Orlando Cutter; that S. S. Dudley sold 
goods, and took bills of the bank of Cleveland and 
similar financial institutions; that E. Childs was sel- 
ling fanning-mills; that John 15. Morgan was making 
wagons, and that II. Foote was keeping a book store. 

In 1820 that well-known citizen, Peter M. Weddell, 
established himself in Cleveland; engaging in mer- 
cantile pursuits, and by his energy and enterprise 
contributing largely to the welfare of the slowly-groAv- 
ing village. 

Another newcomer of 1820, less iirominent than 
Mr. Weddell, but still a very active citizen, was Mi- 
chael Spauglcr, who began to keep the " Commercial 
Cotfee-IIouse," previously the Wallace stand, where 
he remained twelve years. From his widow we have 
ol)tained some items regarding the period in question. 
Mr. and Jlrs. Spangler being of Pennsylvania-Ger- 
man extraction, the farmers of that blood, of whom 
there were many in northern Ohio, used generally to 
stop at the "Coffee House'' when they came into 
town with their flour and other products. There 
were many other travelers, too, especially in the spring 
and autumn; and sometimes, when the 02)ening of 
navigation was unexpectedly delayed, people would be 
compelled to stay at the Cleveland hotels two or three 
weeks, waiting for the boats to run. 

Religious advantages were few. An Episcopal 
Church (Trinity) had been organized as early as 1816, 
but there were only occasional services by a minister. 
In 1820 a few residents engaged the Rev. IJandolph 
Stone, pastor of a Presbyterian Church iu Asiitabula 
county, to give one-third of his time to Cleveland, 
and in June of that year the F'irst Presbyterian 
church was organized with fourteen members. 

Even this late, the place seems to have been some- 
times pretty well blocked up in the winter. The 
llvrahl, of January 18, 1820, announced that there 
was no news from Columbus; no mail having arrived 
since the issue of the paper a week before. 

The very first that we hear of theatrical represen- 
tations at Cleveland is in the winter of 1820, when an 
entertainment was advertised which certainly offered 
suHicient variety — including as it did the comic opera 
entitled "The Purse, or the Benevolent Tar;" scenes 
from "The Stranger;" and "The Village Lawyei"" 
concluding with a "Dwarf Dance:" and all for the 
sum of fifty cents — children half price. By this time 
Xewburg, which liad long kept up a rivalry with 
Cleveland, began to fall l)ehind in the race. Still 
C'leveland grew but slowlv. and some zealous Xew- 



burgers thought that something might yet happen to 
give their village the advantage. John Brook owned 
the gristmill there in 1820, and Harrison Dunchc 
was another well-known resident. Among the young 
men of that place at an early day were the three 
brothers Caleb, Ashbel and Youngs Morgan, all still 
residents in that part of the city. 

It was about 1820 that while several men, resident 
near Uoan's Corners, were riding back from the vil- 
lage one evening, a limb fell from a forest tree near 
the present corner of Willson and Euclid avenues, 
breaking the leg of one of the men, named Coles, 
who afterwards died of the injury. There were tlien 
a few clearings between Willson avenue and the Cor- 
ners, but it was all woods from that avenue to Erie 
street. 

Doer were common in the forest on both sides of 
the Euclid road iu 1820 and as late as 182.5. Captain 
Lewis Dibble says that when the young men wanted 
some fun three or four would go with their rilles to 
watch at the shore of the lake; another would range 
the woods on the tract now in the central or eastern 
part of the city with hounds, and would almost al- 
ways start one within an hour. He would almost in- 
variably head for the lake, and was very fortunate if 
he escaped the waiting riflemen. Sometimes one 
would swim out far into the lake and then return; 
landing a mile or more from the place where he en- 
tered. 

Wolves, though thick iu some parts of the county, 
had disappeared from the present territory of the city 
before this period, but bears were occasionally seen, 
though very seldom. 

In 1822 Willman White and S. .J. Ilamliti as con- 
tractors, built the first bridge over the Cuyahoga at 
Cleveland; Josiah Barber (west side), Philo Scovill 
and Reuben Champion being the supervising com- 
mittee. Thocitizens subscribed considerable amounts 
to build it, and those who could not pay money fur- 
nished wheat, rye, whisky, lumber, etc. 

There was plenty of business rivalry in those days, 
and some bitterness over it; for in 1822 a mer- 
chant advertised that all the goods mentioned in his 
advertisement, could be found in his "small, white 
store," notwithstanding the insinuations put forth 
from the "large brick store," with so many displays 
of superior advantages. 

It was at this period, 1822, that a brick school 
building, called the Cleveland Academy, was erected. 
A school was opened in it immediately afterwards, and 
for many years it was the pride of the village. Not 
only was education earnestly desired, but other efforts 
at mental improvement were made. The " Cleveland 
Forum" was an institution of some permanence, 
which met regularly during successive winters, to 
practice debating and emjiloy other means of im- 
provement. 

In 1824 the first steamboat was built at Cleveland; 
the " Eiiferiiriso " of two hunilred and twentv tons 
constructed bv Levi Johnson. 



240 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



By this time there was a small cluster of houses on 
the west side, the locality being known with the rest 
of the township by the name of Brooklyn. 

The bar at the mouth of the Cuyahoga prevented 
any but small vessels from entering, and even these 
often did so with difficulty. Large vessels lay to, and 
were unloaded by means of yawls. The various ports 
along the lake were all jealous of each othei', and 
sought to exaggerate the jjoorness of each other's 
harbors. Li 1825 the Sandusky Clurion declared that 
tjie yawls which unloaded vessels at Cleveland had 
lately stuck several times on the bar at the mouth of 
the river. Tiie Cleveland Herald retaliated by stat- 
ing that canoes entering Sandusky Bay, had run 
afoul of the catfish there, and been detained until 
the latter had their daily ague-fits, when the boats 
were shaken off, and proceeded Joyfully on their way. 

On the fourth day of July, 1825, ground was broken 
at Cleveland for the Ohio canal. 

This was the turning point in the history of Cleve- 
land. It had been twenty-five years since it was laid 
out by Moses Cleaveland, with the design that it 
should be the emporium of the Western Reserve, and 
still it was only a small village. Hon. John W. Allen, 
then a young law student, who came in 1825, estimates 
the population of Cleveland, at that time, at about 
five hundred inhabitants, and that of the village on 
the west side, then known as Brooklyn, at about two 
hundred. The actual beginning of work on the canal 
sittracted general attention to this point, and within 
a year the population had rose to one thousand. Mr. 
Allen, himself, who had come from the East to find a 
growing town in which to make his home^ wrote back 
that Cleveland was tiie most i^romising point for a city 
that he had seen, and he accordingly entered himself 
• as a student in the office of Samuel Cowles. 

Of this new Cleveland, which has since that time, 
notwithstanding occasional drawbacks, made such 
rapid strides toward greatness, we will sj)eak in the 
succeeding chapters. 



CHATTER XLVII. 

FROM 1825 TO THE CITY CHARTEH. 

Less Attention to Intiividiials— First Appropriation for a Harbor— The 
Fii-st Pier — No Results— Another Appropriation— Major Maurice's 
Vlan— The River Damned— An Angry ** Serpent "—A New Channel— 
Another Pier— Complete Success— Canal Opened— Disastrous Sick- 
ness- Brooklyn Village— Tlie First Lighthouse— Slow Increase- 
Then very Rapid Progress— Old-fashioned Relics— The Flush Times 
—The Buffalo Company in Brooklyn— The Two City Charters— The 
Dividing Line. 

As, after 1825, the population of the thriving vil- 
lage of Cleveland mounted in twelve years to a jwpu- 
lation of some five thousand, and the jilace attained 
the dignity of a city, we cannot henceforth give that 
attention to individuals which we have previouslv 
given, but must confine ourselves in this continuous 
sketch to a condensed statement of the principal 
events; although a large jwrtion of the more active 



citizens will necessarily be noticed more or less, 
farther on, in our account of the numerous organiza- 
tions of the city. 

If Cleveland was really to be a great commercial 
city, the first and most necessary object for it to at- 
tain was a harbor. We are indebted to Col. Whit- 
tlesey's "Fugitive Essays" for an account of the 
early efforts in that direction. In the session of 
1824-5 Congress granted ^5,000 to construct a harbor 
at Cleveland. It was confided to Ashbel Walworth, 
then collector of the port, without instructions, and 
without any survey being made by the government 
officers. Mr. Walworth was full of zeal, but had no 
knowledge, theoretical or practical, about harbor- 
building. As the northeast winds predominated, how. 
ever, driving the sand to the west to such an extent 
that by successive encroachments the mouth of the 
river had been gradually forced westward, and the 
water entered the lake in an oblique direction, Mr. 
Walworth and those whom he consulted, naturally 
thought that the proper thing to do was to build a 
pier into tlie lake east of the mouth, so as to stop the 
drift from the east; it being supposed that the force 
of the water would then keep the channel clear. 

Accordingly, in the summer of 1825, the five thou- 
sand dollars was expended in building a pier six hund- 
red feet into the lake, nearly at right angles with the 
shore, (north, thirty-two degrees west), beginning 
forty rods east of the east bank of the river at its 
mouth. Strange as it must have seemed to those who 
are always boasting of the infallibility of "common 
sense," the eminently common-sense method em- 
ployed in building the jiier produced no benefical re- 
sults whatever. No increase in the depth of the 
channel could be observed, and when the sand was 
cut out, it filled up again with the same rapidity as 
before. At one time there was actually a bar of al- 
most dry sand across the mouth of the port of Cuya- 
hoga. 

In the autumn of 1825 a meeting of the citizens 
was held, a hundred and fifty dollars Avas raised to 
pay expenses, and Mr. Walworth was sent to Wash- 
ington to solicit another appropriation. As there 
were only thirty or forty yearly arrivals of vessels at 
the port of Cu3'ahoga, Congress was not favorable to 
the application. Hon. Elisha Whittlesey who so long 
and alily represented in Congress the Western Reserve 
district, of which Cuyahoga county was then a part, 
heartily seconded the efforts of Mr. Walworth, and 
after a long struggle Congress ajipropriated ten thou- 
sand dollars more for a harbor at Cleveland, though 
not in time to be used in the summer of 1826. 

In the spring of 1827, Major T. W. Maurice, of the 
LTnited States engineer corps, arrived at Cleveland, 
made a survey and reported a plan which was adopted 
by the government. It was determined that the river 
should be made to empty into the lake east of the 
Walworth i>ier, and that another pier should be con- 
structed still east of that; the channel being com- 
pelled to flow out into the lake between the two struc- 




^,'7i^/h'}^'7^^ 



FROM 1825 TO THE CITY CHARTER. 



241 



lures. Major Maurice accordingly ordered a dam to 
1)(' hiiilt across tlio river opposite tlie soiitli end of tlic 
Walwortli pier. This occupied the season. In the 
fall the dam was closed. 

Tliese proceedings of course materially interfered 
with ordinary business, and many of the lake cai)tains 
were very angry. They thought the plan an absurd 
one, and roundly abused tlie works and workmen. 
The schooner " Lake Serpent " entered the river, and 
found itself shut in between the dam and the bar. 
The captain was obliged to hire men to dig a tempo- 
rary channel through the bar in order to get out on 
the voyage for which he had arranged. He was furious 
u ilh rage, and swore he only wanted a lease of life 
until that nonsensical plan succeeded. 

When the fall rains came on, the river rapidly rose. 
.Men were then employed with picks and spades, oxen 
and scrapers, to make a trench across the isthmus from 
the river to the lake. As soon as a small opening 
was made the river broke through, and by the time 
the flood subsided there was two feet of water in the 
new channel, which was constantly enlarging. When 
the " Lake Serpent" came back from its trip it could 
easily enter the river by the new route. The old 
cliannel soon filled up; yet it remained the dividing 
line between the townshi])s of Cleveland and Brook- 
lyn, so that there were several acres of Cleveland on 
I he west side of the river. 

The next spring the eastern pier was begun, but 
was not comiileted that year. Without attempting 
to follow all the details of the work, suffice it to say 
that Major Maurice's plan was completely successful, 
and a permanent and excellent harbor was the result. 
The work was not done for ten thousand dollars, how- 
over. Both the piers were carried back through the 
sandy shore to the river, and were also extended into 
the lake, by means of successive appropriations, much 
i)eyond their original length. In fact the work was 
not closed until 184(), by which time the sum of sev- 
enty-.seven thousand dollai's had been expended. 

In 1S27 the canal was oj)ened for navigation from 
Cleveland to Akron, and the Clevelanders became 
more confident than ever of the great future before 
them; a confidence justified by the rapid increase 
of ])opulation. Unfortunately, however, the canal 
brought serious evils as well as benefits. The throw- 
ing up of so much nudarious soil was the cause of a 
very disastrous ])eriod of sickness, extending through 
lS27aiid 1828. Fever and ague and l)illious fever 
Were the prevailing iliseases. The former weakened 
the systems and shattered the constitutions of its vic- 
tiuis; so that when the latter attacked them it j)roved 
fatal to an extraordinary degree, especially among the 
laborers residing on the bank of the canal. When 
the tow-path w;is raised, several years later, numerous 
skeletons were found of those who had l^ecn buried 
where they died, beside the nudarious ditch which 
had caused their death. 

The village of Brooklyn, which, it will be remem- 
bered, then lay directly across the river from Cleve- 



land, though as yet but a liamlet, still made consider- 
able progress, and the establishment of a new store 
there by H. Pelton, "a few doors north of J. Bar- 
ber's," was one of the events of 1827. 

In the spring of 1828, what is now one of the prin- 
cipal interests of the city, the iron business, was in- 
augurated by John Ballard & Co., who then put their 
new iron foundry in operation. 

The same year witnessed the introduction of the 
agent by means of which alone could the iron busi- 
ness be carried on to any great extent, and which is 
also employed for a thousand other uses in our mod- 
ern life. In the year named, Henry Newberry, father 
of Professor Newberry, of Cleveland, shipped to that 
place a few tons of coal from his land near the canal. 
Part of it was put on a wagon and hawked about 
town; the attention of the leading citizens being 
called to its good qualities. But no one wanted it. 
Wood was plenty and cheap, and the neat housewives 
of Cleveland especially objected to the dismal apjtear- 
ance and dirt-creating qualities of the new fuel. 

Once in a while a man would take a little as a gift, 
but, aft-er the wagon had been driven around Cleve- 
land all day, not a single i)urchaser had been found. 
At length, near nightfall, Mr. Philo Scovill, who was 
then keeping the hotel known as the Franklin House, 
was ])ersuaded to buy some, for which he found use 
by putting grates in his bar-room stove. Such was 
the beginning of the coal-business in Cleveland. The 
new fuel soon found favor, for the small manufac- 
turing and mechanical industries of the period, and 
large shijiments were ere long made on the canal, but 
it was long before the matrons of Cleveland would 
tolerate it in private residences. 

In 1830 the United States built the first light-house 
at Cleveland, at a cost of eight thousand dollars. It 
was situated on the bluff, at the north end of Water 
street; the land being a hundred and thirty-five feet 
above the level of the lake. 

From 182G to 183i) the village did not increase very 
rajjidly; the prevailing sickness neutralizing the bene- 
fits conferred by the canal. In the latter year Cleve- 
land, CJolumbus and Dayton each had between a 
thousand and eleven hundred inhal)itants. 

Hut after 18;{0 the sickness abated. The caiuil was 
tlu'H (jomplcte throughout its whole length; business 
was brisk all over the country, and the population of 
Clevelaiul advanced at a very rapid rate. By 18:i3 it 
had reached two thousand five hundred. At this 
l)eriod, after IS.'JO, the common council ordered the 
grading of some of the principal streets — Superior, 
Ontario and one or two others. 

Down to 18.'50 the population had not extended 
eastward beyond Hi-ie street, which was the eastern 
limit of the corporation, but it now began to overgrow 
that boundary and spread along p]uclid and Supei'ior 
streets. 

Things still had rather an old-fashioned, country- 
like appearance. Mr. W. A. Wing, now of Strongs- 
ville, .says that when he came to Cleveland, in 18.34, 



242 



TIIE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



there was a big guide-board at the junction of On- 
tario street with the Public Square, which tokl the 
distances to Painesville. Erie and Buffalo on the east, 
to Portsmouth on the Ohio river on the south, and to 
Detroit on the west. Old fashioned swing-signs were 
also in use before at least a portion of the hotels. 

But the days of smartness and cityhood were com- 
ing quite fast enough. The population increased with 
rapid strides, and in 1835, according to an informal 
census then taken, it was found that the residents of 
Cleveland numbered five thousand and eighty. It had 
more than doubled in two years. Business was brisk 
to an extraordinary degree, owing to the vast amount 
of paper money in circulation, nominally redeemable 
in cash, but practically irredeemable on account of the 
general worthlessness of the security. Every one was 
ready for any enterprise or speculation which offered. 
These were the celebrated "flush times," of which 
considerable has been said in the general history of the 
county. 

^Meanwhile the village of Brooklyn, though far be- 
hind Cleveland in size, had during the last five or sis 
years made almost as rapid progress as the latter 
place. An organization, commonly known as the 
Buffalo company, had in 18.31 bought a lai-ge tract of 
land on the west side of the river, had laid it out in 
streets and lots, and had pushed forward improve- 
ments at a rapid pace. In the beginning of 1836, 
when Cleveland was estimated to have neai'ly six 
thousand inhabitants, the population of the village of 
Brooklyn was calculated at two thousand. 

By this time the people of both villages were fully 
persuaded that they could afford to indulge in the 
advantages and glories of a city government. The 
benefits to be derived from a union of the rival 
interests on the two sides of the river were also appre- 
ciated to some extent, and an effort was made to pro- 
cure a city charter covering both villages. But the 
rivalry was so great — the people on each side wanted 
so much, and were willing to accord so little — that 
the plan fell through. 

The leading men on both sides then turned their 
efferts to obtain separate charters from the legislature. 
Either through superior adroitness or from mere 
chance, but certainly to the intense disgust and mor- 
tification of the more numerous Clevelanders, the 
Brooklyn people succeeded first, and on the third 
day of May, 183G, obtained a charter under the name 
of Ohio City, while it was not till the eighth of the 
same month that Cleveland became the possessor of 
city honors. 

The dividing line between the two cities, unlike 
that between the townships, followed the new channel 
of the river, erected in 1827, so that the the tract of 
about seven acres, between the new and old channels, 
was in Ohio City, but in the township of Cleveland, 
and so remained until the townshiji organization was 
abandoned. 



CHAPTER XLVIII. 

AN OUTLINE OF LATER YEARS 

Climax of the Land t^jieculation— Improvements— Number of Arrivals 
of Vessels— A Break in the Tide— Great iJisaster— No Progress \mtll 
liMO— First Important Iron Worlts- Paving— Prospe ity in IKK)— Over- 
floiving Hotels— The Weddell— The Free High School— Spreailing out 
— Love of Clevelanders for Room — Euclid Avenue — Population in 1S50 
— A Commercial City— Union of Cleveland and Ohio City — Cleveland in 
the War- It becomes a Manufacturing City — Annexation of East 
Cleveland— Of Newburg and other Tracts— Depression and Revival- 
Concluding Remarks. 

The year 1836 saw the climax of the great land spec- 
ulation, which had been raging with sucli extraordi- 
nary violence for three or four years throughout the 
country, and especially along tlie great line of emi- 
igratiou, extending from the East to the West, which 
passed along the southern shore of Lake Erie. City 
lots doubled, trebled, quadrupled in price in the 
course of a few months, and each successive advance 
seemed a new evidence of prosperity and anew reason 
for higher prices. 

The authorities of the new-born city were quite 
willing to exercise their power, to improve and beau- 
tify the tract committed to their charge. The grad- 
ing of streets, etc., went on with great vigor. Mr. 
Wing, before mentioned, graded Pittsburg street, 
(now Broadway,) in 1836, previously a mere country 
road. That year or the next he took a contract, 
which he sublet, to grade the public square, which 
until that time had been more like an ordinaiy cow- 
pasture than like a city park. 

In Ohio City, too, all was excitement and progress. 
That year the city authorities built a canal, beginuing 
in the Cuyahoga, opposite the termination of the 
Ohio canal, and running through the marsh into the 
old river bed. They did not succeed in making a 
new harbor, as they apparently hoped, but the basin 
thus reached was sometimes used for keeping vessels. 

From March 15 to November 28, 1886, the number 
of sloops, schooners, brigs and ships arriving with 
cargoes at the port of Cuyahoga was nine hundred and 
eleven, while the number of arrivals of steamboats, 
with passengers, was nine hundred and ninety; an 
enormous aggregate, when we consider that it was 
only sixteen years since the first steamboat had ap- 
peared on the waters of Lake Erie, and only eleven 
years since the whole number of arrivals, of every 
description, was but from forty to fifty. 

In the latter part of 1836 there was a break in the 
tide of apparent prosperity which had been sweeping 
on so gaily for the previous five years. Banks began 
to break, private fortunes began to collapse, and the 
fair fabric of inflation trembled and tottered beneath 
the chilling blasts of reality. But the people could 
not believe that the immense fortunes which they 
had built up for themselves out of their imagina- 
tions, with no more real basis than worthless paper 
money, could all vanish when their value was tested, 
and they still clung with desperate tenacity to the 
high prices which speculation had placed upon all 



AN OUTLINE OF LATER YEARS. 



343 



kinds of property. It was all in vain, however, and 
the next year (1837) saw the complete collapse of the 
inlliiliou balloon, and the full inauguration of the 
'■ Hard Times" par excellence, the most disastrous 
pi'i-iod, financially, ever passed tlirough by the people 
ol' tlie United States. 

Cleveland, however, presented one exception to tJie 
uuneral rule in Western cities. The Bank of Lake 
Eric did not break down under the stress of disaster. 
\ host of its customers did, however. It was com- 
pelled to take land in payment of the debts due it, and 
became the largest landholder in the city. In 1843 
its charter expired and it wound up its business. 

Tiiere was no increase of population from 183G to 
lS-10. The number, according to the census of the 
latter year, in the township of Cleveland, was seven 
thousand and thirty-seven; of which about a thousand 
was outside the city. After that year the disheart- 
ened people began to take new courage, and engage 
again in business enterprises. William A. Otis estab- 
lished iron works, the first of any considerable con- 
sequence in the city. Several thousand tons of coal 
were by this time received every year, and Cleveland 
soon began to make considerable progress as a manu- 
facturing place. 

About 1843 the first attempts at paving were made, 
oti Suj)erior street, between the square and the river, 
and also on River street; that is if it could be called 
l)aving to place heavy planks crosswise of the street 
to keep wagons out of the mud. When these became 
warped and loosened, and partly worn out, as they 
soon did, they were a most unmitigated nuisance. 
On River street the water sometimes rose and floated 
tliem otf into the Cuyahoga. An effort was then 
made to pave the jirincipal streets with limestone, 
but this crumbled too easily, and it was soon found 
that it would not answer. Medina sandstone was 
next trii;d, and as this was found to answer all the 
conditions of a good paving-stone it was permanently 
retained. By 1845 the city was again in the full 
tide of prosperity, accompanied by far more solidity 
than characterized it in the (lush times ten years be- 
lure. In that year, 1845, the population of Cleveland 
was nine thousand four hundred and seventy-three; 
that of Ohio City, two thousand four hnndred and 
sixty-two. 

The entertainment of travelers formed a consider- 
able j)art of tJie business down to the time of the con- 
struction of railroads; the hotels often overflowing 
with people waiting for steamers, or just landed from 
steamers, to an extent scarcely ever known at the pres- 
ent time. The Weddell House was built in 1845 and 
'40 and at once took the position of the foremost lio- 
tel in the city. 

The interests of religion were not suffered to lan- 
guish, as will be seen by the sketches of tlic numerous 
ehurclies which sprang up at this period; and as to 
education, Cleveland was probably abreast of any 
other place of its size in the country. The Cleveland 
Free High School, established in 1840, was the first 



institution of the kind in the State, and one of the 
very first in the whole Union. 

All this time the jiopulation of Ohio City was stead- 
ily sjireading westward and northward, and that of 
Cleveland eastward and southward. By 1848 the ex- 
treme eastern limit had reached to Clinton street. 
The characteristics impressed on the city by its foun- 
ders, when the tract was laid off in lots of two acres 
each, still showed tJiemselves. The people having 
from the first acquired a taste for large and roomy 
locations, they almost all declined to be shut up in 
close brick blocks, but insisted on having separate 
houses, each with its own piece of land. The rich 
had fine mansions, with lawns and orchards about 
them; those of more moderate means had substantial 
houses with ample gardens; the poor had cottages 
with small yards; but nearly everybody had breathing 
room. Of course this involved a good deal of travel 
to and from places of business, and a large outlay for 
paving, street lighting, etc., but there is no doubt 
that these inconveniences and expenses were far more 
than made good by the increase of home comforts and 
the superior healthfulness of the place. It was at 
this period that the Euclid road, then become Euclid 
street, began to take on the characteristics which have 
since made it celebrated throughout the country. The 
laud rose from the lake to within a short distance from 
the street, then fell as far as the line of the street and 
then rose gently to the southward. Somewhat singu- 
larly, both the ridge and the depression occupied by 
the street ran almost due east from the public square 
for two miles, and then with a small variation ran 
two miles farther to "Doau's Corners. 

The wealthy residents of the city early found that 
they could make extremely pleasant homes by taking 
ample ground on the ridge in question, and building 
their houses on its summit; leaving a space of from 
ten to twenty rods between tliem and the street. The 
fashion, once adopted by a few, was speedily followed 
by others, and a residence on Euclid street, with a 
front yard of from two to live acres, soon became one 
of the prominent objects of a Clevelander's ambition. 
Some fine residences were also built on the south side 
of the street, but not near as many as on the north 
side. 

The population of Cleveland had risen in 1850 to 
seventeen thousand and thirty-four; that of Ohio 
City to three thousand nine hundred and fifty. 

All this time Cleveland was pre-eminently a com- 
mercial city; its chief business being to receive produce 
from nortliern Ohio and ship it to the East, to trans- 
mit Eastern goods to the agricultural regions, and to 
send on to the West the immense number of emigrants 
and others who sought that land of promise. The 
building of the railroads mentioned in the general 
history, wiiich marked the era between 1850 and 1855, 
did not change the character of the business but 
greatly widened its oi)erations. 

An attempt was made in 1853 to make Cleveland 
the manufacturing place of a large amount of copper, 



244 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



to be brought from Lake Superior, but it did not suc- 
ceed. 

Meanwhile it had become evident to a large ma- 
jority of the jteople of both cities that the interests of 
Cleveland and Ohio City required a union under one 
corporation. Negotiations were set on foot and con- 
cluded, and a formal agreement was made, in accord- 
ance with the law, between commissioners appointed 
by the common councils of the two cities. Those on 
the part of Cleveland were W. A. Otis, H. V. Will- 
son and F. T. Backus; those on the part of Ohio 
City were W. B. Castle, N. M. Standart and C. S. 
Rhodes. It was agreed that the four wards of Ohio 
City, (or rather the city of Ohio as it was called in all 
legal proceedings) should constitute the eighth, ninth, 
tenth and eleventh wards of Cleveland; that the wards 
should never be changed so but that the west side 
should alwaj^s have as large a proportion of the num- 
ber of wards as it had of the population; that the 
property of each city should belong to the joint cor- 
])oration, and that that corporation sliould be resiion- 
sible for the debts of both. 

The proposition to unite was submitted to the voters 
of the two cities on the first Monday of April, 1854. 
It received in Cleveland one thousand, eight hundred 
and ninety-two yeas and four hundred nays; in Ohio 
City, six hundred and eighteen yeas and two hundred 
and fifty-eight nays. The formal ordinance of union, 
in accordance with this vote, was passed by the coun- 
cil of Cleveland on the 5th of June, 1854, and by that 
of the " City of Ohio " on the following day. 

The prosperity of the united city was somewhat 
checked by another financial crisis in 1857, but the 
depression was slight indeed- compared with that 
which followed the crash of 1837. The iioi)ulation of 
the two cities a little more than doubled during the 
decade; that of the two cities having been twenty 
thousand, nine hundred and eighty-four in 1850, and 
that of the united city being forty-three thousand, 
eight hundred and thirty-eight. 

Of the part taken by Cleveland's gallant soldiers in 
the war for life, which burst upon the country in 1861, 
the story has been amply told in the chapters devoted 
to the general history of the county. The effect 
of the war on Cleveland was very greatly to develop 
its manufactures. The iron business and the oil busi- 
ness in particular sprang forward into immense pro- 
portions, and it has been said, with but little exagger- 
ation, that the war found Cleveland a commercial 
city and left it a manufacturing city. Not that it 
ceased to do a great deal of commercial business, but 
the predominant interest had become the manufac- 
turing ones. Accounts of some of the principal of 
these are given farther on. 

Meanwhile a large and thriving village had grown 
up between Willson avenue, which formed the eastern 
limit of the city, and the locality calhid in the old 
accounts *' Doan's Corners," Ijut which for twenty 



years had gone by the name of East Cleveland. This 
was the name of the township which had been formed 
from Cleveland and Euclid, and this was the appella- 
tion given to the village just mentioned. Cleveland 
was ready to absorb this extensive tract, and the tract 
was ready to be absorbed. The^commissioners on the 
part of the city were H. B. Payne, J. P. Robison and 
John Huntington; those on the part of the village 
John E. Hurlbut, John W. Heisley and William A. 
Neff. They agreed that East Cleveland should be- 
come the sixteenth and seventeenth wards of Cleve- 
land; and also that the high school of East Cleveland 
should be maintained according to the system in use, 
until changed by three-fourths of the common council 
of the city, with the consent of half of the members 
for the tract then annexed. The formal ordinance of 
union was passed by the council of Cleveland on the 
24th of October, and by that of East Cleveland on 
the 29th of October, 1807. 

With the advantage of this addition the census of 
1870 showed a population of ninety-two thousand 
eight hundred and twenty-eight. 

Another large tract, comprising parts of the town- 
ships of East Cleveland and Brooklyn, and extending 
entirely around the city, was annexed in 1872; the 
necessary ordinance being passed on the 19th of 
November in that year, and the subsequent jjroceed- 
ings being taken by the county commissioners. On 
the 16th of September, 1873, still another absorbing 
ordinance, also confirmed by the county commission- 
ers, was passed, by which the village of Newburg, once 
the rival of Cleveland, was sumnuirily annexed to it, 
and became the eighteenth ward of its former com- 
petitor. 

As there has been no census since that time it is 
impracticable to say how fur Cleveland has mounted by 
reason of its internal growth and these external ac- 
cessions. Enthusiastic citizens put its population 
considerably above a hundred and fifty thousand, but 
probably the census of next June will show that the 
number does not vary greatly from those figures. Of 
course, like all the rest of the country, it has suffered 
severely from the business depression of the five years 
succeeding 1873, but it is one of the very first cities 
in the country to catch the returning breezes of pros- 
perity, and its people may well look forward to a long 
career of commercial and manufacturing success. 

We have thus sketched an outline history of Cleve- 
land, from the laying out of its first streets in 1796, 
to the present time. We have dwelt at considerable 
length on the earlier history, regarding which this 
sketch forms the only record in our work, but have 
passed very cursorily over the later period, because 
many chapters immediately following these are de- 
voted to the separate institutions — churches, societies, 
schools, etc., of chat period. To those we now invite 
the attention of such of our readers as feel an interest 
in tiie details of local history. 





^^i^.^^<^2^if0-cy 



PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCHES. 



245 



CHAPTER XLIX. 

PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCHES.' 

Trinity SI. .lolins— Grace— St. I'lmls— St. James'— Christ Church— St. 
3Iary's— tiracu (Eighteenth Ward)— All Saints' — St. Mark's— Memorial 
Church of the Good Shepherd— Emmanuel— St. Luke's. 



Trinity parish was organized on tlie Htli day of 
November, ISlti, at the residence of Phiueas Sliep- 
herd. The communicants were very few. Darius 
CU)oiier was chosen lay reader. There was then no 
EpiscoiJal clergyman, not even a missionary, in this 
l)art of the State. 

In March, 1817, llev. Koger Searle, a clergyman 
from Connecticut, visited Cleveland and reorganized 
tlie parish; there being thirteen families and eleven 
communicants. He repeated his visits and adminis- 
tered the sacraments annually during the three suc- 
ceeding years, but in the intermediate time the ser- 
vices were conducted by a lay reader. Part of the 
time at least they were held in Cleveland village. 
Tlie rite of confirmation was first administered by 
Bishop Chase, in September, 1818. In 1830 the par- 
isli was located in Brooklyn, where most of the effi- 
cient members resided, but about 1822 it was moved 
back to Cleveland. Up to 1825 services were occa- 
sionally held by Mr. Searle; in that year Rev. Silas C. 
Freeman was installed as rector, but served at the 
same time at Norwalk. 

On the 12th of February, 1828, the parish was 
legally incorporated; the following gentlemen being 
named as wardens and vestrymen: Josiah Barber, 
Phiueas Siiepiierd, Charles Taylor, James S. Clark, 
Sherlock J. Andrews, Levi Sargeant and John W. 
Allen. The same year Mr. Freeman went East and 
obtained a thousand dollars to aid in building a church 
edifice. A framed house of worship was accordingly 
begun in 1828, on the corner of Seneca and St. Clair 
streets, and completed the following year, the total cost 
being three thousand dollars. It was consecrated on 
the 12tii day of August, 1829, and was the first liousc 
devoted to the worshiii of (lod in tlie ])i'csent city of 
Cl( vi'laiid. 

In 1830, Rev. Mr. McElroy succeeded Mr. Freeman, 
being the first rector who gave his whole time to the 
parish, for which he received an annual salary of four 
hundred and fifty dollars. Thenceforward the par- 
ish continued to grow in strength and influence, keep- 
ing pace with tlie flourishing village and youthful city. 

In 18.i2 the church lot, which had been iioughtfor 
two dollars and a half per foot, was sold for two hun- 
dred and fifty dollars per foot, possession being 
agreed to be delivered by the first day of May, 1854. 
Tlie building was destroyed l)y fire, however, before 
that day arrived. In 1853 a large stone house of wor- 
ship was begun on Superior street, near Bond. 

The new edifice was nearly completed in 1854, bu- 



'^he churches are arranjced chronologically by denominations; each 
denomination taking place according to the time when its first church 
was formed, and the churches of each deno'nination being also ar- 
ranged according to the date of their organization. 



ing consecrated on Ascension Day, 1855. In 1872 
it was thoroughly refitted and elegantly decorated. 
The extreme length of the edifice is one iiiindred and 
forty feet, and the width, including the buttresses, 
sixty-six feet. Tiie tower, which rises from one of tlie 
rear angles of the building, contains a cliime of nine 
bells. Passing to the interior the visitor finds a nave 
one hundred feet by fifty-two, connected with which 
by a lofty arch is a cliancel about twenty-five feet 
square. Both nave and chancel are richly ornamented 
in polychrome, and arc lighted with stained-glass 
windows. A valuable organ adds the charm of 
music to the fit attractions of the jilace. The guild- 
rooms, school-rooms and j)arsonage are on tlie same 
lot with the church edifice. 

The churcli is now in a highly flourishing condi- 
tion, and numbers about three hundred and fifty 
communicants. The Sunday school contains a hun- 
dred and eighty scholars. The Guild of the Holy 
Child and the Women's Guild are also elfective paro- 
chial agencies. St. Peter's, St. James', and Ascension 
Chapels, Trinity Church Home and tlie Children's 
Home are institutions connected with the parish. 

The following have been the rectors of Ti'inity since 
Mr. McElroy, with their years of service : Rev. W. 
N. Lyster, 1832; Rev. Soth Davis, 1833; (1834, va- 
cant); Rev. E. Boyden, 1835 to 1838; Rev. W. N. 
Lyster, 1838; Rev. David Burger, 183!); Rev. Richard 
Bury, 1840 to 184G; Rev. S. Windsor, 184U to 1853; 
Rev. James A. Bolles, D.D., 1854 to 1800; Rev. 
Thomas A. Starkey, D.D., 18U0 to 1870; Rev. Charles 
Breck, D.D., 1870 to 1873; Rev. W. E. McLaren, 
D.D., (now Bishop of Illinois,) 1873 to 1875; Rev. 
John W. Brown, D.I)., the present incumbent, in- 
stalled in February, 1870. 

Tlie following are the present officials : Rev. Jylui 
W. Brown, I). 1)., rector; Rev. James A. Bolles, D. I)., 
and Rev. W. T. Whitmarsh, assistant ministers; 
Charles Rauney and Herbert C. Foote, lay readers; 
Ansel Roberts, senior warden; Samuel L. Matlutr, 
junior warden and treasurer; Bolivar Butts, secretary; 
William J. Boardman, Rufus P. Spaulding, John 
Shelley, Bolivar Butts, Oliver H. Brooks, Orville 15. 
Skinner, Robert D. Lowe and John F. Whitelaw, 
vestrymen. 

.ST. .iohn's. 

St. John's Church, on the West Side, was organ- 
ized in 1834, but until 1830 public worship was held 
in Columbus Block, in school-houses and in the houses 
of members. In 1830 (Rev. Ssth Davis being the 
rector), the membership having reached a large num- 
ber, the commodious stone church now in use, at 
the corner of Church ami Wall streets, was erecied 
at an original cost of seventeen thousand dollars. 

For two years tlio congregation worshi|)ped in the 
basement; then, under the rectorsliip of Rev. S. R. 
Ci'anc, theandience-room was completed and furnislied 
with seats, the rector himself advancing the funds. 
The prosperity was shown by a confirinatiou class of 
seventy the first year. In 183'.l Rev. 1). W. Tolfoid 



346 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



followed Mr. Crane, and after a pastorate of three 
years was himself followed by Eev. William Burton, 
who supplied another three years of work. About 
1848 he was succeeded by his brother. Rev. Lewis 
Burton, D.D. 

April 3, 1866, came a serious calamity in the par- 
tial destruction of the church edifice by fire. This 
necessitated an additional expense of about twenty- 
five thousand dollars in rebuilding and improvements. 

In 1871, after Rev. Dr. Burton's rectorship liad 
continued nearly a cpiarter of a centui'y, his place was 
filled by the present rector. Rev. J. Crockar White, 
D.D. In 1875 the Sunday school had increased so 
much as to outgrow its former (jnarters, and a beau- 
tiful chapel was built at a cost of about seven thou- 
sand dollars. 

The Sunday school now numbers, with its branch 
at West Cleveland, fifty teachers and three hundred 
scholars, and is doing excellent work; among other 
things supporting, at Kenyon College, Gambier, a 
Japanese candinate for missionary work, at a cost_ of 
four hundred dollar per year. 

The church membership is now, (August, 187U,) 
about two hundred and seventy. 

The wardens are Cf. L. Cliapman and C. L. 
Russell, and the vestrymen Thomas Axworthy, G. L. 
Cliapman, J. M. Ferris, M. A. Hanna, F. W. l\lton, 
E. Sims, A. L. Withingtou (treasurer), and lloward 
M. Ingham (clerk). 

GKACE ('UURCU. 

The jiarish of Grace Church was organized .July It, 
1S45, at the residence of its rector. Rev. Richard 
Bury, by former members of Trinity Church. The 
object of the organization was to jirovide aJditional 
church accommodation. A lot was purchased at a 
cost of nine hundred dollars, on the corner of Erie 
and Huron streets (then the eastern limits of the city), 
on which a substantial brick building, forty by a 
hundred feet, was erected. This building cost about 
ten thousand dollars. Subsequently a chai)el was 
built and a chancel added, (the latter as a memorial.) 
Tliesc were erected under the supervision of a former 
rector. Rev. Lawson Carter, who paid the larger por- 
tion of the expense. The exact cost is not known, 
but may be estimated at fifteen thousand dollars. 

The style is gothic, and the interior, iucluding 
seats, chancel furniture and fixtures, are of solid oak. 
It contains eight memorial windows, some of which 
are of superior c.Ncellence in artistic design and col- 
oring. 

The names of the first vestrymen were A. A. Treat 
and E. F. Punderson, wardens; H. A. Ackley, Moses 
Kelley, J. F. Jenkins, S. Englehart, William Rich- 
ards, John Powell, Thomas Bolton and (ieorge F. 
Marshall, vestrymen. 

The several rectors, with their times of service, 
liave been as follows: Rev. Alexander Varian, from 
May 25, 1846, to October 1, 1849. Rev. Timothy 
Jarvis Carter, December 20, 1849, to November 15, 



1853, when he died. His remains and those of his 
wife are interred beneath the chancel. Rev. James 
Cole Tracy succeeded and remained only five months. 
Rev. Lawson Carter, from July 10, 1852, to July 10, 
18C0. Revs. Gideon B. Perry, William A. Rich andWil- 
liam Allen Fisk were successively assistants under Mr. 
Carter — the latter succeeding to the rectorship. Rev. 
Alvah H. Washburn, from Api'il 1, 186G, to Decem- 
ber, 1877, when he died. Rev. G. G. Carter was soon 
after elected rector, but declined to accept. He how- 
ever continued the services until November 1, 1877, 
when Rev. George W. Hinckle, the present rector, 
assumed the charge. 

The money to build'Grace Church was subscribed 
and donated on condition that the seats should re- 
main forever free. This is supposed to have been 
the second church (St. Peter's at Ashtabula being the 
first) in this country to return to the jJi'imitive cus- 
toms of free seats and weekly communion. It has 
always been noted for its rigid adherence to the rubrics 
and teachings of the Prayer Book, and its freedom 
from sensational and doubtful expedients for main- 
taining the service; and is a noticeable fact, that the 
practices and teaching which were at first strongly 
objected to have since been generally adopted. The 
founders and supporters of this parish have always 
made special and unremitted efforts to furnish ac- 
commodations and services to a class of persons who 
for various reasons feel unwilling to attend other 
churches. 

ST. I'AUl/S. 

St. Paul's Church was organized October 26, 1846; 
at which time forty-live persons associated themselves 
as the ''Parish of St. Paul's Church in the City of 
Cleveland." 

At a meeting held November 6, 1846, the following 
named persons were elected wardens and vestrymen, 
to serve until Easter Monday, 1847: D. W. Duty, 
Aaron Clark, wardens; James Kellogg, U. L. Noble, 
Moses Kelly, W. J. Warner, T. W. Morse, 0. A. 
Brooks, Oliver Arey and Edward Shepard, vestrymen. 

On the same day the vestry extended a call to 
the Rev. Gideon B. Perry, D.D., to become rector of 
the church. Dr. Perry accepted the call, and com- 
menced services on the first Sunday in December, 
1846. These services were celebrated in an upjier 
room of a building located on Suiierior street, near 
Seneca, at which place the public worship of the 
church was regularly held until January, 1851. 

In March, .1848, a lot of ground on the corner of 
Sheriff street and Euclid avenue was purchased for 
two thousand seven hundred and fifty dollars, for the 
erection of a church edifice, "to be built of wood, at 
a cost not to exceed five thousand dollars." This 
building when nearly finished, was destroyed by fire on 
the 3d of August, 1849. The next day the vestry met, 
and resolved to " build another church of brick and 
stone on the same lot." A brick edifice was built at 
a cost of seventeen thousand one hundred and twenty- 
eight dollars, not including spire or bell, which were 





( / 6^^^1^-n^Y^-^ 



PROTESTANT EPISOOrAL CnURCnES. 



247 



added several years later. This chui'cli was opened 
for divine service in January, 1851, tlie first sermon 
lieinj; preached in it by Kev. Dr. Pcrr}'. In order to 
lirins tlie parisli into exact conformity witli tlien ex- 
ist ins; statute laws, it was re-organized in Januar}^ 
1S.")'2, at which time tiiree trustees were clioseu, in 
wliom and their successors was vested the title to 
tlio church property. On the littli day of October, 
tlio Rev. Dr. Perry resigned tlie rectorsliii) of the 
]iarish. 

On the .31st of Noveml)cr, 1852, Rev. R. B. Claxton, 
ii.i)., was called. He began work March 7, 1853, 
and continued nearly seven years. Under his admin- 
istration the church debt was lirpiidated, and the 
cliurch consecrated by the Rt. Rev. Bisliop Mcllvaino, 
Ai)rii 14, 1858. Dr. Claxton resigned November 4, 
1850. 

The Rev. Wilbur F. Paddock was next called as 
rector iu February, 1800. During his rectorship a 
lot of ground was secured adjoining the church, upon 
wiiicii a cluipel was built, at the cost of six thousand 
five hundred dollars. Dr. Paddock resigned iu April, 
1803. 

In July. 1803, Rev. J. H. Rylance was called to 
the parish. He resigned March 18, 1807. Rev. Dr. 
Rylance was succeeded, November 15, 1807, by Rev. 
Frederick Brooks, who assumed the duties of rector. 
During his service the wardens and vestrymen of the 
cliurch were elected and constituted trustees and 
clerk of the parish of St. Paul's church of Cleveland, 
in accordance with the laws of the State of Ohio. 

In 1874 the cliurch property was sold for one hun- 
dred and fifteen thousand dollars, and the services 
were lield iu a rented building ou Prospect street, 
until the completion of the chapel on the corner of 
Euclid and Case avenues. 

Mr. Brooks' rectorship ended in his accidental 
death, September 15, 1874. Ilis place was supplied 
for several months thereafter by Rev. W. C. French, 
!).!)., and Rev. C. M. Sturgis. On May 10, 1875, 
Rev. C. Maurice Wines was called. On July 2d, of 
tliis year, the corner stone of the new edifice was laid 
by the Rt. Rev. T. A. Jaggar, D.D., Bishop of 
Southern Ohio, assisted by the rector and other clergy. 
Rev. Mr. Wines resigned May 1, 1870, and was suc- 
ceeded by the Rev. Nelson Samerville Rulison, who 
assumed the duties of rector November 10, 1870, 
and still performs them. Ou December 24, 1870, the 
new church edifice was opened for public worship; 
the entire cost of construction and appurtenances 
being nearly one hundred and twenty-five thousand 
dollars. 

The register from October 20, 1840, to Easter, 1877, 
shows eight hundred and fifty-eight baptisms; five 
luiudred and twenty-three confirmations; two hundred 
and seventy-nine marriages, and four hundred and 
fifteen burials. The present Church officers are: 
Rev. Nelson Somerville Rulison, rector; Rev. W. C. 
French, D.D., assistant minister; C. J. Comstock, 
senior warden; J. II. Devercux, junior warden; ViC- 



nas King, A. C. Armstrong, P. W. Hubby, II. C. 
Rauney, George A. Tisdale, J. M. Adams, E. S. 
Page, C. E. Stanley, vestiTmcn; C. E. Stanley, clerk 
and treasurer. 

.ST. .tames". 

St. .James' Church stands on a large lot at tlie cor- 
ner of Superior and Alabama streets; adjoining it 
and on the same lot is a very commodious rectory. 
The church edifice, a brick structure, is tiiirty-one 
feet in width and sixty-five feet in lengtii, exclusive 
of the robing room. 

The establishment of St. .James' parisli was mainly 
the result of the labors of Rev. R. Bury, wiio, in coii- 
sequeuce of advanced age, resigned the rectorship in 
1871. Under the charge of Rev. W. E. Toll, suc- 
cessor of Mr. Bury, the church was largely increased 
in membership. In July, 1874, Rev. J. J. A. Morgan 
acce]ited a call to the pastorate, which position he 
retained until Easter Sunday, 1870. Since this time 
the vestry has connected the church with Trinity 
Parish by calling its rector. Rev. J. W. Brown, D.D., 
to the rectorsliipof St. James'. Rev. W.T.WJiitmarsh, 
assistant rector of Trinity, has been placed in charge 
of the parish. W. B. Lane is treasurer, and M. 
Green clerk, of St. James' Church. 

CHRIST CHURCH (GERMAN). 

Christ Protestant Episcopal Church was organized 
in 1868, as a mission of St. Paul's, with Rev. J. W. 
C. Duerr, minister in charge. Services were held in 
an upper room of the old "Knitting Mill" on Pitts- 
burg street until the following autumn, when by per- 
mission the society used St. Luke's Church. In 
December, 1800, the mission was changed and regu- 
larly incorporated as Christ Church aud admitted 
into convention of the diocese. By contribution, ou 
the part of the other Protestant Episcopal churches 
and individual donations a house of worship was 
built at a total cost of twelve thousand dollars, on 
Orange street, corner Belmont, and consecrated No- 
vember 10, 1871, by Bishop Bedell. The present 
number of communicants is about two iiundred. 

The officers of the church are: J. W. C. Duerr, 
rector; Wm. Hilscher, Conrad Schmitt, wardens; 
John Stuber, Casher PfetTer, Wm. Becker, Adolphus 
Kaske, William aud Augustus Orschekowski, vestr}'- 
men. 

ORACE CHIIICH (EKIHTEENTH WAKD). 

Grace Church was organized in 1800, under the 
ministerial charge of Rev. Frederick Brooks, rector of 
St. Paul's. The early services were held in tlic old 
Presiiyterian Church building, whicli was subse- 
quently purcliased by the society of Grace Church, 
and moved to its present location on the corner of 
Ilarrard and Sawj'cr streets. Rev. Royal B. Balcom 
was the second pastor, conducting the service in con- 
nection witii ilis regular duties as rector of St. Mary's 
Ciiurcli, and as sucii continued to the summer of 
1871. At this time Rev. Steplien W. Garrett became 



248 



TTIE CaTY OF CLEVELAND. 



the rector of Grace Church, remaining nntil the fall 
of 1874, when he was succeeded by Rev. Maniiadnke 
M. Dillon. In the latter part of 1878 Rev. Mr. Dil- 
lon resigned his cliarge, and the parish of Grace Church 
then became a mission; being now under the care of 
Rev. Mr. Pittenger. 

ST. Mary's. 

In 1863 Mr. S. N. Sanford, having associated witii 
him Mr. Levi Buttles, purchased the "Cleveland Fe- 
male Seminary" and made of it a "Church School 
for Girls." From that date, and in consequence of 
Mr. Sanford's acting as licensed lay reader for the 
school, the desire grew to have a regular and per- 
manent parochial organization, either in connection 
with the school, or in its immediate vicinity. In 18(!8 
this desire took shape. The rapid increase of jiopu- 
lation in that section of the city necessitated action, 
and therefore at a meeting held on the 25th day of 
May, in that year, articles of association were signed 
and the following wardens and vestrymen were elected : 
S. N. Sanford, senior warden; Levi Buttles, junior 
warden; Walter BIythe, Lorenzo R. Chapman, H. C. 
Doming, J. W. Fawcett and F. \V. Mason, vestrymen. 

Efforts were at once made to secure the services of 
a resident rector. The Rev. W. C. French, rector of 
Christ Church, Oberlin, had acted for several years as 
chaplain of the seminary. His services were free to 
all who chose to attend, whether connected with 
the school or not. Many persons were baptized and 
confirmed. It was found impossible to secure a set- 
tled pastor at once, and therefore regular services on 
Sundays and week days were maintained, partly by 
the assistance of Rev. VVm. P. B. Jackson, and partly 
by lay-reading. 

On Easter Monday, 1809, at the first regular annual 
parish meetiug, a vestry was chosen for the year com- 
posed as before, with the exception that F. W. Mason's 
place was filled by James Withycombe. On the 2d of 
June, the same year, the parish was admitted into 
union with the Convention of the Diocese of Ohio, 
at its session, in All Saints', Portsmouth. 

On the 5th day of September, 1860, the Rev. Royal 
B. Baleom was called to the rectorship, accepted tiie 
same and entered upon his duties the 26th day of the 
same month, having also temporary charge of a mis- 
sionary work of the church at Newburg. 

The corner stone of the church building was laid 
by Bishop Bedell on the 39th of September of this 
same year. The edifice was opened for Divine worship 
March 20, 1870, and the church has gone on ever since 
in its work, both temporal and spiritual, proving a 
blessing to the neighborhood. Yearly additions have 
been made to the roll of communicants, and consid- 
erably over two hundred have been made members of 
Christ's Church in holy baptism. In 1872 a very fine 
organ was placed in the church as a memorial. 

'i'heRcv. Mr. Baleom resigned in 1872 and the Rev. 
J. J. A. Morgan succeeded to the work. He remained 
rector for eighteen months and was followed by the 



Rev. Frank M. Hall who, in turn, was succeeded by 
the Rev. J. Sydney Kent, the present rector. 

The Sunday school has a sujierinfendent, seventeen 
teachers and one hundred and eighty scholars. 

St. Mary's Guild has a president, vice president, 
secretary and treasurer, with about forty memliers. 
The organization of the Guild was made in July, 1879, 
and the entire lay-work of the parish will be carried 
on uuder its name and rules. 

ALL saints'. 

All Saints' Church is situated on the south side of 
Vega avenue, a few doors east of Columbus street. 

Beginning with the summer of 1855, services were 
iield in that neighborhood by several of the clergy of 
Cleveland, but especially by the Rev. Lewis Burton, 
D. D., rector of St. John's Church. In 1808, on the 
first Sunday in April, the North Brooklyn Union 
Sunday School by reorganization became Episcopal, 
and connected itself as a mission school with St. 
.John's Church. In this same year the first subscrip- 
tion was made for the purpose of building a church. 

During the winterof 1809-70 semi-monthly cottage 
lectures and Sunday services were held by Dr. Burton 
at the residence of Mr. James Craig, in the school- 
house at the corner of Wade avenue and Mill street, 
and in the Hights' Congregational Church. 

So much interest was awakened by the labors of 
Dr. Burton, that on the 5th of May, 1870, he was able 
to lay the corner-stone of the present church building. 
On the 31st of July, in the same year, the building was 
ojjened with appropriate services, under the name of 
All Saints' Chapel. From August 1st regular servi- 
ces were held in it by the rector of St. John's. Dr. 
Burton, and his assistant, Rev. William Lucas. 

In June and July of 1871 the society, which had 
been a mission of St. John's Church, was duly or- 
ganized into a parish and legally incorporated, forty- 
four persons signing the articles of association. At 
that time the following vestry was elected: A. James, 
senior warden; John Gi'eening, junior warden and 
treasurer; James Craig, I. H. Amos, J. J. Boote, E. 
Gilchrist, C. E. Loper, Harry James, and R. M. 
Thompson, secretary. On August 1st of this year 
the Rev. Lewis Burton, D.D., began the joint rec- 
torship of All Saints' and St. Mark's Churches; 
giving one service to each every Sunday. Lay read- 
ers under his direction performed a second service 
each Sunday. 

On the 14th of May, 1874, (Ascension Day,) the 
church being free from debt, it was consecrated by 
the Bishop of the diocese, the Rt. Rev. G. T. Bedell, 
D.D. This year the parish became self-supporting. 
On the 7th of June, 1875, Rev. Dr. Burton resigned 
the rectorship of All Saints' Church. About Septem- 
ber 1st, 1875, Rev. John Henry Burton began his 
labors as rector of the parish. On 15th of October, 
1876, a lai'ge frame building which had been erected 
in the rear of the church, chiefiy for Sunday school 
purposes, was opened with appropriate exercises. 



PHOTESTANT EPISCOrAL CHURCHES. 



249 



In April, 1877, Rev. J. H. Burton resigned, and 
Rpv. Lewis Rnrton, D.D., hy rpf|iiest, resumed the 
rcotorsliip of All Saints'. On llic IStli of August of 
tliis year Rev. Lewi.s William Burton, son of Rev. 
Dr. Burton, was called to be assistant minister of the 
cliurch, and began his labors as such September 1st. 
On the 12th of June, 1878, Rev. Lewis Burton, D.D., 
resigned, and Rev. Lewis William Burton was called, 
accepting June 21st. 

Tn his report to tlie convention of the diocese, May 
1, 1878, the rector re|)ortedone hundred and fourteen 
communicants, and two hundred and four scliolars 
and twenty-four teachers in the Sunday school. In 
connection with the church, are the Parish Aid So- 
ciety, the Brooks' Association, the Mutual Improve- 
ment Club, and tiie Burton Cadets, the latter named 
after the founder of the parisii. Rev. Dr. Burton. 
The present officials of the church are Rev. Lewis 
William Burton, rector; I. XL Amos, lay reader; John 
Oreening, senior warden and treasurer; James Craig, 
junior warden; I. II. Amos, secretary; J. W. Pearce, 
assistant secretary; T. J. List, Robert Curtis, C. E. 
Loper, James Boyd, A.sa Foote and Ralph James, 
vestrymen. 

ST. jiahk's. 
St. Mark'.s cliurch, a small, neat wooden structure, 
stands upon the rear end of an eligible lot on Frank- 
lin street, having a frontage of sixty-six feet, iiud a 
<lei)th on Liberty street of one hundred and sixty-six 
feet. The church was built under the auspices of the 
Missionary and Churcli Extension Association of St. 
John's parish, which, pursuant to the call of the 
rector. Rev. Lewis Burton, D.D., was organized for 
tiiis purpose, January 11, 1870. About the first of 
February, of that year, the lot was purchased, and a 
contnict made for the erection of a chapel thereon, 
twfnty-two by forty feet; with a vestry-room, twelve 
l)y fourteen feet. 

This Luihling was completed and opened, with ap- 
propriate services, on Sunday. July 3, 1870. On the 
morning of the same day, a Sunday school was o.gan- 
ized, numbering forty-five pupils; Mr. S. L. Shotter, 
being the superintendent. 

Dating from August 1, 1870, for the term of one 
year, St. Mark's was a mission chapgl of St. John's 
l)arish. In accordance with the unanimous wish of 
tiie members of tlie chnrch and society, St. Mark's 
mission wa.s duly incorporated as a parish of the Prot- 
estant Episcopal Church, and was admitted into 
niiion witii the convention of the diocese. May 13, 
1872. Since August 1, 1871, Rev. Lewis Burton, 1). 
D., has been rector of the parish. 

On Wednesday, May 21, 1870, the church was con- 
secrated by the Rt. Rev. (i. T. Bedell, D.D., the 
Bisliop of the diocese, assisted by tlie rector and 
other clergy of Cleveland and vicinity. 

The annual report of 1870, .shows one hundred and 
fifty communicants; also one liundred and eightv-fivc 
scliolars and twenty-three officers and teacliers in the 
Sabbath school. 



The officers of the church are G. T. Smith, sen- 
ior warden; Wm. T. Timlin, Junior warden; R. T. 
Coleman, treasurer; W. A. P]aton, secretary; O. L. 
Baker, W. S. Craine, CHiarles E. Mills, Edward T. 
Peck, Robert Fletcher, R. M. Tiiompson, vestrymen. 

MEMOKIAL CHURCH OF THE GOOD SHEl'HEKl). 

Tliis church was built in 1873, as a memorial of the 
life and labors of the Rev. Alexander Varian. His 
widow and children gave the large lot on which the 
building stands, to be devoted to church inirposes for- 
ever. The church is a beautiful edifice of wood, upon 
a foundation of cut stone, Gothic in style, and con- 
taining about three hundred sittings. The seats are 
free to all. The chancel window contains a well ex- 
ecuted representation of our Saviour as the (lood 
Shepherd. There is a marble tablet in the chancel, 
to the memory of the the Rev. Mr. Varian, and other 
tablets, memorials of departed members of the church, 
are on the walls of the uave. Several of the windows 
are memorial, as also are the font and altar. 

During the few years of tiie existence of this parish, 
sixty-five have been baptized, forty confirmed, and 
fifty-eight registered as communicants. Tiiere is a 
Sunday school of about one hundred and thirty chil- 
dren. The Rev. W. E. Toll had charge of the parish 
in 1873-4, the Rev. J. J. A. Morgan in 1875. Since 
January, 187G, the Rev. Thomas Lyle has been rector. 
The iDresent wai'dens are H. G. Cleveland and J. S. 
M. Hill; the vestrymen are John R. Sked, G. A. 
Haver, H. L. Morris, T. Lewis, E. E. Hudson and 
Josiah Williams. 

EMM.VNtlEI. cnnRCH. 

Emmanuel Church, Euclid avenue, was organized as 
a parish in February, 1870, tlie wardens being Dr. J. 
B. McConnell, senior, and W. C. Miller, junior. The 
vestry consisted of Thomas C. Early, Enos Foreman, 
Zenas King, A. C. Armstrong, George Wratten, Wil- 
liam Sna})e, B. C. Field. 

The Rev. B. T. Noakes was elected rector. At the 
convention of the diocese in June, 1870, no commu- 
nicants were reported. At present the number is 
seventy-four. The congregation is increasing, and 
the Sunday school, of which E. W. Adams is superin- 
tendent, is in a flourishing condition. The chai)el is 
owned by two trustees, and was formerly situated on 
the corner of Case avenue and Prosjiect street, and 
then known as Emmanuel Chapel. 

ST. Luke's. 

St. Luke's is practically a " mission " of St. Paul's, 
having for its rector and a majority of its vestrymen 
the rector and certain members of St. Paul's Church. 
The church edifice was built by St. Paul's. The church 
subsefjucntly changed from "a "mission" into a regu- 
larly organized parish, in union with the convention 
of the diocese, but is still largely dependent upon the 
motherchurch for support. It has a substantial brick 
edifice on Broadway, near Cross street, and a comfort- 
able rectory on tlie same lot. 



250 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



CHAPTER L. 

THE METHODIST CHURCHES. 

South P.ark— First — East Cleveland — Franklin Street — First German — 
Christ— Taylor Street— German Methodist (West Side)— Superior Street 
Tabernacle — Scovill Avenue — Lorain Street — Grace Church — Broad- 
way — Willow Avenue Mission — Union Chapel — Woodland Avenue — 
Sadie Chapel — Wesleyan Methodist — Welsh Calvinistic — St. John's (A. 
M. E.y-Free Methodist. 

SOUTH PARK CHURCH. 

Methodist preaching was introduced into New- 
burg as early as 1818, a class being formed, which 
passed thi'ongh yarious vicissitudes, and then became 
extinct. On the 1st of January, 1832, Mr. Lyman 
Ferris went to Cleveland, and invited Rev. Mr. God- 
dard to resume the work. Mr. G. did so, establish- 
ing preaching, and forming a class, consisting of the 
following persons: Lyman Ferris and wife, Stei)hen 
Ames and wife, Cyrus Chapman and wife, Mrs. Dr. 
Henderson and Mrs. Willis. 

The first church-building, a neat frame, was erected 
in 1841; costing about three thousand dollars. From 
1832 to 1860 Newburg was pai't of a circuit, and 
preaching was kept up regularly by the i)reachers, 
wlio, from year to year, were appointed by the bishop. 

In 18G0 the society, having attained some influence 
and means, was detached from the circuit and became 
a station, with Rev. D. C. Wright as pastor, who was 
followed successively by Rev. S. Gregg, Rev. D. 
Prosser, Rev. R. M. Warren, Rev. M. Hill, Rev. G. 
W. Chesbro, Rev. Thomas Stubbs, Rev. J. R. Lyon 
and Rev. A. S. Dobbs. Under Mr. Dobbs' energetic 
labors and wise guidance, the present tasteful and 
commodious brick structure was begun and carried 
forward so far as to complete the basement story in 
1872. The lecture room is used for church purposes, 
and will, with the two side-rooms connected with it 
by large folding doors, seat about six hundred per- 
sons. The main audience room is still unfinished, 
but when ready for use, will seat about twelve hund- 
red persons. Rev. Mr. Dobbs left the charge in his 
third year, and was followed by Rev. C. Prindle, who 
filled up the year. Rev. A. D. Morton succeeded, and 
remained three years. The present incumbent is Rev. 
Benj. Excell. The church at present numbers about 
two hundred and twenty-five members; the Sabbath 
school about one hundred and seventy-five to two 
hundred. The present board, of trustees are Edmund 
James, John Henderson, Wm. P. Braund, Geo. R. 
Hill, Geo. W. Culett, J. D. Jones, M.D., Robert 
Woodley, Noah Rothwell, and Wm. Jones. There is 
now only a small indebtedness, for the payment of 
which provision has been made, and it is expected 
tliat in a year or two the debt will be paid and the 
building completed. 

FIRST CHURCH. 

Methodist preaching commenced in Cleveland as 
early as the year 1822, although church organization 
was not accomplished until 1827. The first Method- 
ist of the city of whom any record can be obtained 
was Mrs. Grace Johnson, who became a settler in the 



county in 1822. In the same year Rev. Ira Eddy es- 
tablished a place of preaching in Cleveland as a part 
of the Hudson Circuit. In 1823 Rev. William II. 
Collins and Rev. Oj'iu Gilmore became the preacliens 
on the circuit. In 1824 Rev. Philip Green and Rev. 
William C. Henderson were the appointees. Rev. 
Robert Hopkins was placed in charge in 1825, and 
continued as such until 1826, when Revs. John Craw- 
ford and William R. Babcock were appointed. A class 
was formed in 1827 under the pastoi'ate of Kcvs. John 
Crawford and Cornelius Jones, consisting of Mrs. 
Grace Johnson, Andrew Tomlinson, Eliza Worley, 
Elizabeth Southworth, Joel Sizer and wife, Elij;i]i 
Peet and wife and Lucinda Knowlton. Elijah Peet 
was chosen leader. This was the first Methodist soci- 
ety in Cleveland. 

At this time the Cleveland circuit, so called, com- 
prised all of Cuyahoga, Lake, Geauga, Summit and 
part of Portage and Ashtabula counties. 

In 1828 Revs. Ignatius H. Tacket and Cornelius 
Jones were appointed to the circuit, and in 1829 were 
followed by Revs. John Chandler, J. McLean and T. 
Vaughn. 

During the following year, 1830, under the charge 
of Rev. Billings 0. Plimpton, Cleveland was made 
a station, or regular charge, but on account of a 
large secession of members who formed the "Meth- 
odist Protestant church," the society was seriously af- 
fected, and Cleveland returned to the circuit. 

In 1831 Revs. Alfred Brunson, Dennis Goddard and 
John J. Steadman; in 1832 Revs. John McLean and 
John E. E))ert, and in 1833 Revs. John W. Hill and 
Milton Colt were respectively appointed to the circuit 
charge. 

In 1834 Cleveland was made a iiermanent station 
and Rev. George McCaskey apjiointed pastor. From 
this time the society worsliipped in halls, school- 
houses and the court-house, until 1841, when the 
church on the corner of St. Clair and Wood- streets 
was completed. They continued to worship in this 
chureli until the erection and dedication of the new 
chapel in 18G9, on the corner of Euclid avenue and 
Erie street. In 1874 the present elegant edifice was 
completed on the same lot. The cost of this building 
was about one hundred and forty thousand dollars. 
This church has contributed largely of its membei's 
and means in the formation and building of other 
Methodist churches in the city, and is the mother 
church of Cleveland Metliodism. Its pi-esent member- 
ship numbers over four hundred. The following arc 
the names of the several pastors of the church from the 
time it became a station, with the term of service of 
each respectively: Rev. Francis A. Dighton, 183.5-7, 
(on account of failing health Mr. Dighton was re- 
leased from his work, and Revs. Hiram Gilmore and 
J. W. Lowe appointed for the remainder of the term.) 
Revs. Hiram Kinsley and H. N. Stearns, 1837-8; E. 
J. Kenney, 1838-9; J. K. Ilallockand M. H. Bettis, 
1839-40; A. M. Brown, 1840-2; L. D. Mix, 1842-3; 
Samuel Gregg, 1843-5; B. K. Maltby, 1845-0; B. K. 



THE METHODIST CHURCHES. 



351 



Maltby and Ezra Jones, 1846-7; J. W. Lowe, 1847-9; 
Tliomas Stubbs, 1849-51; John Bain, 1851-2; G. B. 
Hawkins, 1852-4; George L. Little, 1854-6; Moses 
lliU, 1856-8; Jolni Peate, 1858-9; W. P. Bignell, 
1859-61; W. F. Day, 1861-3; John Whiteley, 1863- 
4; E. S. Gillette, 1864-7; C. E. Felton, 1867-70; 0. 
N. Grant, 1870-3; Henry Baker, Jr., 1872-4; C. W. 
Gushing, 1874-5; J. N. Fradenburg, Ph.D., 1875-6. 
Rev. B. F. Brooks, D.D., was called to the pastorate 
in 1876 and continues to hold it at the present time. 

EAST CLEVELAND CHURCH. 

This church was first organized in 1837, with the 
following members: Aaron Hubbard (leader) and 
wife, James Sawtcll and wife, Oliver Marshall, Israel 
Hubbard and wife, Anna Cozad, Eleanor Collier, 
i'hilinda Gould, William Mitchell and wife, Timothy 
Hurlbut and wife, Samuel Bond, Florilla Searls, 
Samuel Harris and wife, Harriet Slate and Nathan 
Smith and wife. It was a part of the Xewbnrg cir- 
cuit until 1858. At that tune the circuit was divided, 
and East Cleveland and Euclid were sejiarated. In 
1860, East Cleveland was made a station, since which 
the pastors have been: Rev. L. Clark, two years; Rev. 
T. Guy, two years; Rev. S. Gregg, two years; Rev. D. 
Smith, one year; Rev. A. M. Brown, one year; Rev. 
W. W. Wythe, two years; Rev. Dr. C. Prindle, three 
months; Rev. T. Stubbs, nine months; Rev. B. Ex- 
cell, three years; Rev. D. Latshaw, two years; Rev. 
G. W. Maltby, seven months; Rev. C. H. Stocking, 
two years and five months; Rev. A. R. Chapman, 
present pastor^ in his second year. The present 
membership is about two hundred. Officers of church : 
Rev. A. R. Chapman, pastor; G. W. Foote, president 
and secretary, H. T. Ilower, treasurer, T. C. Par- 
sons, Rev. I. Dallas, L. B. Coe, W. H. Gates, William 
Morris, A. E. Bradley, trustees; George Watkins, E. 
C. Pope, T. C. Parsons, D. B. Beers, W. H. Gates, 
(i. W. Foote, L. B. Coe, R. Quigley, J. W. Excell, 
stewards; J. W. Excell, recording steward and treas- 
urer; D. B. Beers, Sunday school superintendent; 
Miss S. Gardner and Mrs. E. C. Pope, assistant 
sui)erintendents. The first church building, which 
is still used as a class and prayer-meeting room, is 
thirty-two by forty-four feet, and was built about 1836. 
The present church is of brick, about forty-four feet 
by seventy, and cost nearly twenty-two thousand dol- 
lars. It was dedicated in December, 1870. 

KltANKl.lN STREET CIIURCU. 

This society was organized about 1830, and has now 
a membership of three hundred. Tlie house of 
worship is at the corner of Franklin avenue and 
Duane street, west side. The pastor is Rev. J. S. 
You mans. 

FIRST HERMAN CnURCU. 

This church was organized September 3, 1845, in 
an old building on South Water street, by Rev. C. II. 
Buhre. Rev. C. H. Doering administered the first 
sacrament to thirteen communicants. The first board 
of trustees was organized on the 19th of October, 



1840, under the charge of Rev. C. Helway. The 
trustees were John Griffin, John Hoffman, Jacob 
Lowman, John Gill, Peter Marcellus, John Hall and 
John Outhwaite. In the year 1848 they purchased a 
lot on Prospect street, between Ontario and Erie 
streets, and erected a brick church, thirty-five feet in 
width and fifty feet deep. The whole property, includ- 
ing the edifice, cost the society about two thousand 
dollars. In 1860 the society leased a lot on Erie 
street, number three hundred and three, as a more 
suitable and convenient location for a church edifice, 
and with the proceeds of the sale of the property 
formerly used they built a new church of brick and 
wood. The new church edifice Avas dedicated Dec- 
ember 25, 1860. The lease expired in 1870, when 
the society purcbased the lot. The society continued 
in this building until 1878 when an exchange was 
made for the Bajitist church-property on the corner 
of Scovill and Sterling avenues. This was dedicated 
February 9, 1879. The church has a present mem- 
bership of sixty-one. The Sabbath school numbers 
eighty scholars. The pastors who have had charge of 
the societ}' since its organization, are Revs. C. H. 
Buhre, C. Helway, John A. Klein, C. Gahn, P. F. 
Schneider, J. Rothweiler, N. Nuhfer, Ennis Baur, C. 
Bozenhart, J. Krehbiel, G. Berg, C. F. Heitmeyer, 
G. Bertram, J. Gicken, C. Nachtrieb, W. Borcherd- 
ing, H. Knill, J. Haas and C. Colder, the present 
incumbent. 

CHRIST CHURCH. 

The organization of Christ Church was effected in 
July, 1850, through the labors of Rev. Dillon Prosser. 
A small parcel of land was donated by Simon Sti-eator, 
upon which a chapel, twenty-five by thirty-five feet 
in size, was built. This house the society occui)ied 
until the next year, and then removed to the building 
subsc(|uently used as the Homeopathic Hospital. The 
society soon after, and during the year 1851, again 
moved into the new church edifice on Erie street, re- 
maining there until 1876, at which time the West- 
minster Presbyterian Church on the corner of Hunt- 
ington and Prospect, was purchased. Here the so- 
ciety meets at the present day. The church has a 
membership of about one hundred and sixty, and hnn 
had the following pastors: Revs. Dillon Prosser, 
.Lames II. Whalon, D.I)., Nelson Stearns, Thomas 
Stubbs, J. E. Chai)in, W. F. Willson, D. C. Wright, 
R. II. Ilurlburt, A. J. Merchant, — Yingling, J. S. 
Lytic, John Sullivan, Charles W. Gushing and T. M. 
House, the present incumbent, who was called to 
the jjastorate in September, 1878. 

TAYLOR STREET CHURCH. 

This church was organized in 1853, and for some 
time the society was so small that services were held 
in the dwellings of members — Mr. Benjamin Parkins, 
a local jireacher, being the minister. Later a church 
was put up at the corner of Bridge and Taylor streets, 
and in 1868 the cliurch building now used, was first 
occupied. Rev. T. C. Warren is the present pastor — 



.252 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



his predecessors in tlie present eh iircli having been 
Eevs. Messrs. Colwell, Mower and McCaskey. The 
membership is one hundred and sixty, and the trus- 
tees are J. C. Bartlett, Cornelius Rosecranz, Samuel 
Fix, James Davey, Richard Conn, William Ilairison 
and William Henderson. 

THE GERMAN CULKCH (WEST SIDE). 

This church was formed, and a house built for it 
on the corner of Lorain and McLean streets, under the 
charge of Rev. C. Gahn, in the year 1851, as a mis- 
sion of the Methodist Episcopal society then on Pros- 
pect street. Li 1853 the mission became a separate 
society, and Rev. John Balduff was chosen pastor — 
continuing two years. Rev. Philip B. Weber and 
Rev. George Berg were successively ministers until 
October, 1856. Since that time the several pastors 
and their terms of service have been as follows: Gott- 
lieb Nachtrieb, from October, 1S5C, to October, 1857; 
George Reiter, from 1857 to 1859; Christian Nach- 
trieb, from 1859 to 1860; Gottlieb Nachtrieb, from 
1860 to 1861; C. Bozenhart, from 1861 to 1863; C. 
Heitmeier, from 1863 to 1864; N. Nufer, from 186-4 
to 1866; George Berg, from 1866 to 1867; N. Niifcr 
and C. F. Morf ; from 1867 to 1868; John S. Schneider, 
from 1868 to 1871; H. Buttenbaum, from 1871 to 
1873; Albert Nast, from 1873 to 1874; John S. 
Schneider, from 1874 to 1876; AVm. Borcherding, 
called in 1876 and continues pastor at tlie jiresent 
time. 

The first official board consisted of Wni. Mack, 
Jacob Knopf, Jacob Hoffman, V. K. Kluj), P. Knopf, 
A. Frewert, F. Schwarz. The church has at present 
a menibershiji of one hundred and twenty. Con- 
nected with the church is a Sabbath school of one 
hundred and fifty scholars, and twenty-four officei-s 
and teachers. 

SUPERIOR STREET TABERNACLE. 

This church was organized by Rev. Dillon Prosser 
as a city mission about 1860. The first church build- 
ing occupied was one previously used by the Erie 
Street M. E. congregation. It was moved to St. 
Clair street, and afterwards a building was erected on 
Waring street, when the church was known as the 
Waring Street Church. The octagonal edifice on 
Superior street, now used, was opened for worship in 
1877. The membership, which, in 1860, was but 
seventeen, .is upwards of two hundred in 1879. Rev. 
Harvey T. Webb is the present pastor, the trustees 
being H. C. Brainard, Henry Cain, Wm. Simmons, 
J. J. Smith, W. P. Starrett, Thos. Corris and M. B. 
Johnson. 

SCOVILL AVENUE CHURCH. 

At the session of the Erie Annual Conference of 
the M. E. church in 1866, Rev. Dillon Prosser was 
appointed city missionary. His first services were 
held in the open air, under the trees on Forest street, 
for the space of three months. A Sunday school was 
organized, with about twenty scholars; Thomas H. 
Oakley, superintendent. During the winter services 



were held in an unfinished dwelling-house, and a 
church was duly oi'ganized. Mr. Oakley, his wife and 
two daughters, were the first members of the young 
society, bringing certificates from the St. Clair street 
M. E. church. 

In the spring of 1867, the church had about forty 
members. The sum of one thousand dollars was 
raised, and the old Lutheran building was purchased 
and moved to a vacant lot on Scovill avenue, near 
Perry street, leased for one year. The next year the 
society purchased a lot on the corner of Scovill and 
Longwood avenues, for five thousand five hundred 
dollars, and again removed the old building to that 
locality, where they held services until the present 
edifice was erected. In the old church the member- 
ship was greatly enlarged under the labors of the Rev. 
C. N. Groot. 

The first board of trustees consisted of Thomas H. 
Oakley, chairman, A. E. Hoou, Boardman Bosworth, 
Alvin N. Curtis, Wm. S. Wight, John Kelley and 
John Sti'ong. The new building was commenced in 
1871, and the basement occupied in 1873. About 
twenty-four thousand dollars have been expended, and 
for want of funds it has remained imfinished until 
now. 

The parsonage is on tiie rear of the lot, fi'onting on 
Longwood avenue. The lot is seventy-five by one 
hundred and eighty-three feet in size. The church 
building is of brick, with stone trimmings and stained 
glass windows. The audience room, when finished, 
will seat about eight hundred persons. The finished 
part contains a pastor's study, infant class and busi- 
ness rooms, lecture room and double ])arlors, all 
handsomely frescoed, and well seated and lighted. 

The following have been the ijastors: Revs. D. 
Prosser, C. N. Groot, F. H. Beck, George W. Gray, 
Benjamin Excell, Frank Brown, A. N. Croft and 
James R. Mills. The present board of trustees are 
Thomas H. Oakley, Charles W. Munsell, N. A. Gil- 
bert, Samuel E. Bottsford, Joel Woodword, H. 
Wilkins, A. Wilkins, S. H. Barrett. The present 
membership is one hundred and seventy-five. The 
Sunday school scholars number two hundred and 
twenty five. The church was a mission but one year. 
The Woodland Avenue M. E. Church is com2)osed 
of former members of Scovill Avenue Church, who 
mainly paid for the building and lot which were 
deeded to them. 

LORAIN STREET CHURCH. 

This church was organized in 1868, in the German 
M. E. church edifice on Lorain street, being known as 
the "Clark Mission," by which name it was designated 
until the year 1874, when a change was made and the 
present name adopted. The first members were 
chiefiy from the Franklin avenue church, and were 
transferred to the mission, under the charge of Rev. 
II. L. Parish. In 1870 the present church edifice 
was built, forty by sixty feet in size; being en- 
larged in 1874 by the addition of a lecture room. In 



THE METHODIST CHUECHES. 



253 



1878 the entire edifice was again reconstructed, hav- 
ing at present a comfortable seating capacity of five 
liinulrod. Situated in a portion of the city wliere tlie 
residents are necessarily transient, the church has not 
been able to make any large increase in permanent 
membership, but numbers at present about one liun- 
drcd and seventy-tive. The following is the succes- 
sion of pastors: Revs. H. L. Parish, 0. Carel, J. S. 
Broadwoll, T. K. Dissette, F. S. Wolfe and John 
Mitchell (ap[)ointed in 1878). The following are the 
present church ollicials: Rev. John Mitchell, pastor; 
Rev. 0. Card, local elder; W. W. Gould, recording 
steward; Josepli Storer, II. Hale, E. G. Powel, W. 
W. Rii'hardson. James Uavis, C. F. Harris, stewards; 
Joseph Storer, Samuel Stoney, H. Hale, leaders; H. 
Hale, James Langhorn, E. G. I'owel, W. AV. RiL-h- 

ardson, McDole, James Davis, W. W. Gould, 

trustees. 

GRACE CHUKCII. 

This society was organized in the year 1870, and 
worshij)ed in an old building on Merchants' avenue, 
ln'tween Cliff and Fairfield streets. Rev. Charles 
Iiuddick, a local preacher, with others, conducted the 
services. In the year 1871, under the supervision of 
Rev. Mr. Ruddick, the church edifice on Pelton 
avenue, near Literary street, was built. The first 
trustees were Messrs. Barney Swartwood, John Tim- 

niius, J. R. Timmins, John Corrigan and Reed. 

Tlie building and lot cost about four thousand dollars. 
Rev. (ieorge W. Collier, preached the dedicatory ser- 
miiu and conducted the services. 

During the winter of 1878-9 the cluircii building 
underwent a complete renovation, the old hall or 
entrance and gallery being taken out and one of the 
stairways entirely removed. Above the class-rooms 
and hall a neat chapel, seated with chairs, has been 
constructed. In the rear of the auditorium, back 
of the pulpit, an alcove has been built for the organ 
and choir, which adds much to the appearance and 
convenience of the church edifice. The auditorium 
has a seating capacity of two hundred and fifty. On 
the day of re-opening, March IG, 1879, the expense 
of rei)airs, eight hundred dollars, was added to the 
olil debt of about three hundred dollars, and the whole 
nearly paid in cash and subscrijitions. Rev I. C. 
Pershing, D.D., president of Pittsburg Female Col- 
lege, preached both morning and evening. At this 
time the name was changed from Pelton Avenue 
M. E. Church to Grace M. E. Church, and the 
society was incorporated under the latter appellation. 
It is now in a very flourishing condition, though 
its numbers are small; it has a membership of fifty- 
eight, and about one hundred and twenty names on 
its Sunday school roll. 

The following pastors have served (he society since 
its organization: Rev. Charles Ruddick, 1870, Rer. 

Mellenry, 1871; Rev. A. D. Knopp, 1872; Rev. 

H. L. Pari.sh, 1873 to 1870; Rev. B. A. Dist.ey suc- 
ceeded to the pastorate in 1870. The present officers 
are Rev. B. A. Disney, pastor; Revs. W. C. North and 



Thomas Small, local preachers; Rev. W. C. North, 
W. D. Savage, Martin Winger, Wm. H. Barch, John 
Timmins and J. W. Flint, stewards; W. D. Savage, 
J. W. Flint, Mrs. Caroline A. Newton, Mrs. Hester 
Winger, class leaders; W. C. North, W. D. Savage, 
William II. Barch, M. Winger and J. M. Burns, 
trustees. 

liUOADWAY CIIUIU'II. 

For many years ])revious to 1S71 the people resid- 
ing in the Fourteenth ward had felt the want of a 
church organization, and the agitation of the subject 
led to definite action in the spring of that year. In 
accordance with a previous arrangement a prelimina- 
ry meeting was held April 10, 1871, in the wigwam 
or i)olling-i)lace of the ward, on Trumbull street, at 
which time a society was organized under the name 
of the " Broadway Union Mission Sabbath School 
Society." 

The rapid increase of membership and attendance 
at the Sabbath school led to the purchase of a lot on 
Broadway near Gallup street; a deed being taken by 
Alphonzo Holley, Jabesli Galluj), T. M. Irvine, Ed- 
ward Rose, and L. L. Crane, as trustees to hold for 
the society. During the autumn months a neat 
cha})el was erected on the rear end of the lot, where 
temporary services were held until the completion of 
the church edifice in October, 1872. The members of 
the Methodist societies of the city contributed largely 
toward the erection of this building, and in accord- 
ance with a previous agreement the projjcrty was 
conveyed to the Methodist Church. In September, 
1873, the society, under the name of "Broadway 
M. E. Church," was regularly organized, with Rev. 
C. N. Grant, pastor. Rev. E. S. Gillette, associate 
pastor. The society then had but ten members, but 
now numbers over seventy. The several pastors have 
been as follows: Revs. C. N. Grant, E. S. Gillette, J. 
H. Tagg, and Dillon Prosser, the present minister. 

WILLSOX AVEXLE MISSION. 

This was organized in June, 1873, in a saloon on 
St. Clair street, as a Mission Sabbath School. Mrs. 
Prosser, wife of Rev. Dillon Prosser, j)urchased the 
building and had it removed to its present location 
on Willsou avenue. Devotional e.xercises were con- 
ducted there by Rev. Mr. Prosser, but no permauent 
church organization has ever been effected. A pros- 
perous Sunday school is maintained there under tiie 
charge of James Malpas, superintendent. 

L'XION CHAPEL (COLORED). 

Union Chapel was organized April 20, 1874, with 
the following otticers: John Pendleton, class leader; 
H. Woods, William Bailey, Frank Johnson, trustees. 
In October following a lot of land on Ilacknian street 
was leased for a term of five years, upon which a 
church edifice was built by C. U. Norton as a gift to 
the society. The church has a present membership 
of forty-eight. The Sunday school has an attend- 
ance of si.\ty scholars. The pastors in charge of this 



254 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



chapel since its organization have been Revs. Henry 

Steene, George W. Hatton, Henderson, A. A. 

Price, John Pickett, George Carr, Thomas Tomp- 
kins, W. J. H. McDade, D.D. The present church 
officials are Rev. W. J. H. McDaile, D.D., pastor; 
W. F. King and Samuel Justin, local preachers, (the 
latter being also class leader); William Harris, Andrew 
Wilkins, and James Monroe, trustees. 

WOODLAND AVENUE CHURCH. 

This church was organized in September, 1874, by 
Rev. D. Prosser. A lot was leased from Mr. John 
Wolcott on Woodland avenue, and the building, for- 
merly the Kingsley chapel, moved to the site, en- 
larged, refitted and otherwise imjirovcd, at an ex- 
pense of about six hundred dollars. Rev. Mr. Prosser 
acted as pastor for one year. The other piistors in 
succession have been Revs. C. N. Grant, — Palmer, 
J. G. Bliss and J. H. Tagg, the present incumbent. 

WILLSON AVENUE CHUfiCH. 

In the monlh of September, 1875, through the la- 
bors of Rev. Dillon Prosser, a school-house owned by 
tlie estate of Rev. William Day, and located on Pros- 
pect street, was purchased and moved to Willsou 
avenue, corner of Prospect street. Here Rev. Mr. 
Prosser soon after organized a church, retaining pas- 
toral charge until September, 1878, when Rev. John 
Tagg was appointed, and still serves as officiating 

minister. 

SADIE c;hai'el. 

The Sadie Chapel, or, as it is generally known, the 
Kinsman street chapel, was organized as a subscrip- 
tion church in the year 1877. Land on the corner of 
Kinsman and Herald streets was donated by Mr. Israel 
Hubljard, and in September of that year the chapel 
was completed and dedicated. The services on the 
occasion were conducted by Revs. Dillon Prosser and 
David Osborn. The chapel was built at a cost of six 
hundred dollars, and has two hundred sittings. Rev. 
Mr. Prosser had charge of the chapel society until 
1878, when Rev. J. H. Tagg, of the Woodland ave- 
nue church, was appointed jiastor. 

FIKST VVESLGYAN METHODIST CHURCH.* 

At the Erie Conference M. E. Church, in the fall 
of 1838, resolutions were passed disapproving any ex- 
pression by the churches on the question of Ameri- 
can slavery. This action was received with disfavor 
by a portion of the members of the church in Cleve- 
land. On September 1, 1839, an organization was 
effected, consisting of about sixty members, who 
witlidrew from the First Methodist Episcopal Church 
for that purpose. This new church stood alone until 
May, 1843. when it sent delegates to a convention 
held at Utica, New York, and there went into the 
organization which has ever since been known as the 
Wcsleyan Methodist Connection of America. 

Of the original sixty members but six yet remain. 

''The four following churches have organizations separate from that 
of the Methodist Episcopal churches; but there being but one of each 
denomination in the city, we have thought it best to append them here. 



These are Rev. James Christian, John Corlett, Wm. 
K. Corlett, James Gayton, Mrs. Elizabeth South- 
worth and Mrs. Sarah Parkhurst. 

The church was fii'st built on Euclid avenue, near 
Slieriff street. It was a plain, neat frame building, 
capable of seating about four hundred. In 18G3 tJie 
society sold the lot on which it stood, and moved the 
house to its present location, at the corner of Brownell 
and Ohio streets. 

The church has had a succession of pastors in the 
following order: Revs. I. Robbius, B. Preston, J. A. 
Pearson, J. B. Walker, S. D. Jones, J. McEldony, 
W. H. Brewster, II. B. Knight, A. Crooks, Cyrus 
Prindle, I. W. Bainu m, A. II. Kinney, J. E. Carroll, 
S. R. Royee and A. G. Hiatt. The following are the 
present officers: M. B. Clark, William Cowley, Wil- 
liam K. Corlett, David Whitehead, James Christian 
and S. W. Hill, trustees; S. W. Hill, J. H. Weaver 
and George Short, stewards; John Corlett, treasurer; 
J. P. Brown, clerk; John Collester, assistant clerk. 
The Sabbath school numbers about sixty scholars. 

THE WELSH CALVINISTIC CHURCH. 

The Welsh Calvinistic Methodist, or Welsh Pres- 
byterian, Cliurch was organized about the year 1858, 
and occupies a framed building, erected at a cost of 
about two thousand dollars, on Cannon street, corner 
Elmo street, at Ncwburg. The first pastor was Rev. 
John Moses wlio continued until about 18G7, when 
Rev. Ebenezer Evans was called to tlie pastorate, and 
served the society for five years. In 1873 the present 
pastor, Rev. William Harrison, took charge. The 
present membership is about forty, and near the same 
number are in attendance on the Sabbath school. 

ST. .JOHN'S (a. M. E.) CHURCH. 

This was organized about 1865, and has now a con- 
gregation of upwards of two hundred members, wiio 
worship on Erie street, under the ministrations of 
Rev. T. H. Jackson. 

FRLE METHODIST CHURCH. 

This church, the fii'st of its denomination in the 
city, was organized in 1870 with but six members. A 
small building was erected on Pearl street in that year 
and occuj)ied as a i)lace of worship until 1873. In tlie 
latter year the property was sold, and the society pur- 
chased the churcli-edifice and pastoral residence on 
the corner of Bridge and Taylor streets. The first 
oflBcers of the cliurch were A. Bradfield, Wm. C. 
Jones, E. Tliomas and Thomas Service. The suc- 
cessive pastors with their terms of service have been 
as follows: Revs. W. H. James, A. V. Leonardson 
and E. Matthews, one year each; A. Bradfield, two 
years; S. C. Striugham, one year; Joseph Lawrence, 
two years. Rev. C. F. Irish, the present pastor, was 
settled in 1878. The church officials are as follows: 
C. F. Irish, pastor; George Lawrence and Wm. C. 
Jones, local preachers; E. Thomas, E. Ilolkins and 
Joseph Cain, class leaders; Wm. Brooker and V. 
Jerome, stewards. 



THE PRESBYTERIAN CniTRCHES. 



255 



CHAPTER LI. 

THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES. 

Thu First Tlii> South rresliytcriaii— The Seeoml— Tho North Prosby 
terian - .Memorial C'hurch— Woodlamt Avenue t'hurch— Euclid Street 
Church. 

THE FIKST PRESBYTERIAN. 

Tins church was formed on the 10th day of Scp- 
t-cnil)cr, 1820, iu the old log court hou.se, tlieu stand- 
ing on the northwest corner of the public square. 
Kcv. Randolph Stone was the first minister. The 
number of members at that tjnie was fourteen. The 
services were conducted in that building for the 
ne.vt two years, until the brick academy was built on 
St. Clair street, the present site of the Firemen's 
headquarters. The second floor was arranged for a 
place of worship for this society, and occupied l>y it 
until 1820. 

It then removed to the third story of a brick build- 
ing standing on Superior street, on the site of the 
American House, and there remained until the base- 
ment of the first stone church was completed. Rev. 
William McLean succeeded Mr. Stone as a supply in 
January, 1823, and preached through that year one 
third of the time. In September following, Rev. S. 
0. Bradstreet was engaged to preach, and continued 
his services until January 31, 1830. From that time 
until July, 1831, the pulpit was vacant, except for a 
few months, when it was sujjplied by Rev. John Ses- 
sions. Rev. Samuel Ilutchius took charge of the 
congregation July 31, 1831, and remained with them 
until 1833. He was succeeded by Rev. John Keep 
who remained to preach here till Ajiril 36, 1835. 
Thus, for a period of fifteen years this congregation 
was without a pastor, and depended for its public 
e.xercises entirely upon "stated supplies." Since that 
time down to the present date, it has had regularly 
settled pastors without any intermission. 

In the winter of 18:55, Rev. S. C. Aiken, D.D., 
was called as first pastor of this church. He ac- 
cepted the call, and was installed on the 3-l:th of 
November of the same j'ear. Dr. Aiken's active 
pastorate continued until March, 18G1, since which 
time he has been pastor-emeritus. On August 13, 
1858, Rev. William H. Goodrich, D.D., was installed 
as associate pastor. He continued to perform the 
duties of associate and sole jiastor until the year 1872, 
when failing health compelled his resignation. On 
tlie retirement of .Mr. Goodrich the present pastor. 
Rev. H. G. Haydn, D.D., was installed associate 
pastor, and as such associate and subse(|uently sole 
pjistor, has continued to the present time. 

On the 5th of January, 1837, the congregation was 
regularly incorporated, twenty-eight persons con.sti- 
tuting the " First Presbyterian Society of Cleveland,' 
and the first annual meeting was held on the first 
Monday of April of that year, when Samuel Cowles 
was chosen president, D. H. Bcardsley, secretary, and 
P. M. Wed<lell, treasurer. 

The first church building was comiileled and dedi- 
cated February 30, 1834. This was the "Old Stone 



Church," which stood until 1853. In the spring of 
1853, the "Stone Church" was demolished to make 
room for a new church, which was soon burned down, 
and this was immediately replaced by the present 
church edifice, which occupies the same lot. 

The "Old Stone Church" was eighty feet long bv 
fifty feet wide. The present Stone Church is seventy- 
two by one hundred and eighteen feet in size, and the 
chapel fifty-five by seventy feet; cost, about scventv 
thousand dollars. This church may truly be called 
the mother of all the Presbyterian churches of Clove 
land. 

The members now number seven hundred and forly- 
six, and her Sabbath school five hundred and thirty- 
two, including officers, teachers and scholars. 

The present officials are Rev. Hiram C. ILiydn, 
D.D., pastor; Rev. Samuel 0. Aiken, D.D., pastor- 
emeritus; George Mygatt, John A. Foot, Edwin H. 
Merrill, Reuben F. Smith, Francis C. Keith, George 
H. Ely, Henry M. Flagler, Henry N. Raymoiul, .Ed- 
win C. Highee, Lyman J. Talbot, elders; L. J. Talbot, 
clerk of session; George Mygatt, treasurer of the 
church. Officers of the society: Samuel Williamson, 
president; James F. Clark, Amasa Stone, G. E. 
Herrick, George H. Ely, George II. Burt, trustees; 
Charles H. Clark, secretary; Charles WHiitaker, treas- 
urer. 

The charities of the church and society for the last 
three years, not including society expenses, havebeen 
as follows: In 1875, *14,003; in 1S7C, *11,473; iu 
1877, §12,403. 

SOUTH PRESBYTERIAN CIIURtH. 

The first sermon heard iu that part of Cleveland 
originally known as Newburg was preached in July, 
1803, by Rev. Joseph Badger, an e.x-soldier of the 
Revolution and a Presbyterian missionary to the far 
west. The jireachcr delivered his discourse under a 
tree upon the open highway, and snbse(iueutly wrote 
that "the people of Newburg were oppo.sed to piety 
and gloried in their infidelity." 

It is not known that there was any Presbyterian 
preaching in the town until 1831, when occasional 
services in the house of Noah Graves were enjoyed. 
These continued from time to time until 1833. On 
the 31st of December in that year a church Wius or- 
ganized in Noah tiraves' house by Rev. David Peet of 
Euclid, assisted by Rev. Ilarvey Lyon. It was Con- 
gregational in form, although attached to the Cleve- 
land presbytery. Pjleveu persons joined the church 
by letter, to-wit: Edward and Theodosia Taylor, 
James and Sarah Ashwell, James and Elizabeth South- 
ern, John and Martha Stair, John and Amy Righter, 
and Elizabeth Derrick. Of these, the only ones 
known to be living are Mr. and Mrs. Stair, now resid- 
ing in Brccksville. 

After the church organization a temporary hou.se 
of worship was obtained by fitting up a carpenter's 
sliop on what is now Miles avenue. Rev. Simeon 
Woodruir of Strongsville used to preach occiisionally. 



256 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



as did others, and in 1835 Eev. John Keys was ob- 
tained as stated supply. Eev. Matthew A. Pox suc- 
ceeded Mr. Keyes, and during Mr. Fox's ministry — 
in June, 18i0 — the church became Presbyterian in 
form and was attached to the Wooster presbytery. 

In 1841 and 1812 a framed church-building was 
erected on the hill (near where the Insane Asylum 
stands) upon a lot donated by Judge Hosmer. This 
church, which was dedicated in July, 1842, was the 
first house of worship erected in Newburg, and now, 
standing upon the corner of Sawyer and Harvard 
streets, is known as Grace Church (Protestant Epis- 
copal). In 1869 the society built their present fine 
brick church which cost ^15,000. 

Eev. Mr. Fox's successors in the pulpit were Eevs. 
Wm. McEeynolds, James Straw, Erastus Chester, D. 
W. Childs, Wm. C. Turner, Joseph S. Edmunds, 
Wm. C. Turner (second term) and E. Curtis — the 
latter who is the present pastor, having entered upon 
his charge in 18G7. The membership of the church 
now aggregates two hundred and seventy and its 
trustees are John Davidson, Harvey H. Pratt and H. 
B. Marble. 

THE UKITED PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH.* 

This society was organized November 5, 1843, with 
eleven members, in the Hancock block, at the corner 
of Superior and Seneca streets. Messrs. I. Cam2)bell, 
J. Dodds and D. Pollock were chosen ruling elders. 

In about two or three yeai's a house of worshijj was 
built, at a cost of one thousand eight hundred dollars, 
at the southwest corner of Michigan and Seneca streets. 
In 1853 the present church edifice, which is of brick, 
was liuilt on Erie street, near Huron street, at a cost 
of thirteen thousand dollars. The audience room 
contains five hundred sittings. 

The congregation is understood to be an outgrowth 
of occasional visits and services rendered by Eev. Mr. 
McLaren, a minister of the Associate Eeformed Pres- 
byterian church in New York. The permanent or- 
ganization was accomplished after a few mouths' sei-- 
vice, by Eev. J. W. Logue, a minister of the Associate 
Presbyterian church, who, while giving part of his 
time to Northfield, Ohio, where he yet preaches, con- 
tinued also to minister in Cleveland until 1849, when 
he was followed by Eev. J. McGill, who resigned the 
pastorate in 1801. In 18C2-3 the pulpit was occupied 
by Eev. J. S. McConnell. In .January, 18(10, Eev. D. 
M. B. McLean became pastor, and labored as such until 
November, 1870. In November, 1872, Eev. H. A. 
McDonald came to the pastorate, which he resigned 
in 1875. In January, 1876, Eev. J. L. Aten, the 
present pastor, entered upon the charge, who reports 
a membership of one hundred and eighty, and a Sab- 
bath school of one hundred. 

The official members, associated with the pastor, 
are Messrs. D. Pollock, E. S. Murray, A. Purdie, 



•This is not of the same denomination as the other Presbyterian 
churches, but as it is the only one of its kind in the city we liave classi- 
fied it with them. 



Wm. Pope, T. Marshall, P. Begg, M. Eutherford, 
Dr. J. F. Gibson. D. Eeuton, D. Fleming and Wm. 
Latimer. 

THE SECOKD PRESI5TTERIAX. 

This church was organized on the evening of June 
12, 1844, under an old charter from the legislature of 
the State of Ohio, dated April 3, 1837, entitled ''An 
act to incorporate the Second Presbyterian Society in 
Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga;" the officia- 
ting minister being the, Eev. S. C. Aiken, pastor of 
the First Presbyterian Church, to which the great 
majority of the members had belonged. Fiftj'-eight 
members constituted the church — fifty-three uniting 
by letter from the First Church and five from other 
churches. 

The building first occupied stood nearly upon the 
site of the present Jail, on the lot west of the county 
court-house, on Eockwell street. It was used until a 
larger church edifice on Superior street was erected, 
and its basement first occupied in the autumn of the 
year 1851. The old building was purchased by the 
Second Baptist Society and removed to the corner of 
Ohio and Erie streets, whei'e it now stands. 

The first officers of the church were as follows: 
David Long, Henry Sexton, Jeremiah Holt, Eli P. 
Morgan, Jesse F. Taintor and Samuel H. Mather, 
ruling elders; William A. Otis, T. P. Handy and S. H. 
Fox, deacons. 

The following have been the pastors of the Second 
Church: Eev. Sherman B. Canfield, D.D., from 1844 
to 1854. Eev. James Eells, D.D., from 1855 to 1800; 
and again from 1869 to 1873. Eev. Theron H. Hawks, 
D.D., from 1801 to 1868. Eev. Charles S. Pomeroy, 
D.D., the present pastor, was installed June 22, 1873. 

Upon the 9th of October, 1870, the church build- 
ing upon Superior street was entirely consumed by 
fire, excepting the chapel in the rear, which being 
repaired, sufficed for the social services of the congre- 
gation and the home Sabbath school. The Sunday 
services were removed to the opera house on Euclid 
avenue for the term of six months, and thereafter to 
Case hall. A plot of ground, one hundred and five feet 
by two hundred feet, was purchased at the corner of 
Pi'ospect street and Sterling avenue, and on the 12th 
of July, 1877, the corner-stone of the new church 
edifice was laid. The building is now complete and 
was dedicated October 27, 1878. 

It is a massive, dignified and beautiful building, in 
the Norman style of architecture, constructed of 
cream colored stone. A large S(juare tower, with pro- 
jecting turrets, stands at the corner, and a chapel is 
attached, with every ajipliance for Sunday school, lec- 
ture room and social parlors. The pews are in con- 
centric circles, and the aisles radiate from the center 
at the pulpit, the floor gently rising towards the cir- 
cumference. The seating capacity is about thirteen 
hundred. 

The membership of the Second church uumliers 
about six hundred and forty communicants. Two 




2w^^ 




TIIK r'KKSBYTEIUAN ('HC'RCIIES. 



257 



Sabbath schools are sustained, witli more than five 
Iiuiulred scliohirs, and the various missionary and 
beiievolont societies are in a healtiiy and efficient con- 
dition, 'rhc present olHeers of the church and con- 
f^rcgation are as follows: Rev. diaries S. Pomeroy, 
I).!)., pastor; Leverett Alcott, K. I. Baldwin, Martin 
ii. Brooks, Dan P. Eells, EiMstus F. G.iylord, Tru- 
man l*. Handy, John Mansfield, S;unuol II. Mather, 
Eilwin R. Perkins, ruling elders; O. ,J. Benliam, 
Charles VV. Chase, Charles J. Dockstader, George (r. 
Johnson, Charles II. Randall, Henry S. Whittlesey, 
deacons; the president of the society is Selah Cham- 
berlain; tiie treasurer, C. L. Lathrop; the secretary, 
Charles \V. Chase; the trustees are II. B. llurlbnt, J. 
J. (t. Ilower, A. K. Spencer, S. II. licnodict, .1. H. 
Morley, E. I. Baldwin. 

ErriJD STREET I'KESHYTKIUAN cnUROII. 

This chnrch was organized on tlie 25th day of Jan- 
uary, 18.")I3, in the lecture-room of the First Presby- 
terian Church. The original members were thirteen 
in numlier, all received by letters from the First 
Church. On February 1, 185-t, Zalmon Fitch and 
Elisha Taylor were elected the first board of elders, 
and on July 5, 1854, Augustus Fuller and Joseph 
Perkins were elected as deacons. Dr. F. S. Slosson 
was the first chorister, and continued in that jiosition 
for six years. 

Rev. Joseph B. Bittingerwas called to the pastorate 
of tlie church on May 0, 1853. lie began his labors 
on the 18th of September, 1853, and was installed on 
tiie ■■JUth of April, 1854. His pastorate continued 
until September 22, 18G2. 

Tiie second pastor. Rev. John Monteith, was in- 
stalled on June 10, 1863, the pulpit having been sup- 
plied in the interval mainly by Rev Dr. Aiken, pastor 
of the First Ciinrch. Mr. Monteith's pastoral rela- 
tions were dissolved on the 3nd day of October, 18G6. 

Tiie tliir(l i)astor was Rev. Oxman A. Lyman, who 
was called on the 17lh of February, 18G8, and in- 
stalled on the 10th of May, 1808. His pastorate con- 
tinued until his death, January 10, 1872. 

Tiic fourth [)astor was Rev. Charles II. Baldwin, 
who was called on February 18, IS73; installed April 
2o, lS7o, and whose pastoral relation was dissolved 
on .laiiuary 10, 1874. 

Tiie fiftii pastor was Rev. W. H. Jeffcrs, D.D., 
who was called Octolier 20, 1874; installed on May 
0, 1S75, and resigned his charge on May 8, 1877. 

The present pastor. Rev. J. L. Roliertson, was 
called October 15, 1877. and installed Docemlier 20, 
1877. 

The ]iresent mcinliersliip of the ciiiireh is three 
hundred and twenty-one. The average attendance 
at tlie Salibath school for the ])asl year has been two 
Iiuiulred and five. 

The present ofTicers of the church are Rev. .T. L. 
Robertson, pastor; Josc])li Perkins, J. B. Mcriaiu, 
W. S. C. Otis, Augustus Fuller. TI. J. Ilerrick, 
M.I).. II. R. Hatch. E. P. Morgan and Jay Odell, 

33 



elders; L. F. Lyman, and Geo. W. Stockley, deacons; 
Joseph Perkins, superintendent of Sabbath school; 
C. II. Fuller, assistant, superintendent. 

About December 27, 1851, a lot for a church edifice 
was bought on the corner of Brownell and Euclid 
streets for four thousand five hundred dollars, and in 
August, 1852, the corner-stone of the new edifice was 
laid. The lecture-room was first opened for jmblic 
service on May 20, 1853, and the main building on 
April 0, 1854. Total cost about sixty thousand dol- 
lars. 

The first officers of the society were Zalmon Fitch, 
president; George Worthington, F. S. Slosson and 
Elisha Taylor, trustees. The ])resent officers are J. 
B. Meriam, president; Joseph Perkins, E. P. Morgan, 
L. J. Burgess, B. F. Rose and G. W. Pack, trustees; 
L. J. Lyman, treasurer; G. W. Stockley, secretary. 

THE WELSn PRESBYTERIAN rUURCH, 

on St. Clair street, was organized in 186C by Rev. 
John Moses, after whom Rev. Daniel Davis was called 
to the charge and remained therein until 1808. Since 
Mr. Davis' time theciuirch has been shorn, by remov- 
als, of much of its strength. Originally including a 
membership of sixty, it i)ossessed seventy members in 
its greatest prosperity, but has now declined to twenty. 
It has had no settled pastor since 1808, and continues 
to depend upon occasional supplies. 

NORTH PRESHYTERIAN CIIURfrr. 

This church had its origin in a mission work of the 
First Presbyterian Church. That work began on St. 
Clair street near the corner of Lyman in 1850, as a 
Sunday school, under the leadership of Charles No- 
ble, Esq. Occasional preaching services were held at 
the Sunday school room, but it was not until Novem- 
ber, 1865, that regular worship was maintained there. 

In January, 1860, Rev. Aaron Peck, Jr., was en- 
gaged as stated supply, and subsequently ordained as 
an evangelist. During the year 1866 the sum of 
eight thousand dollars was subscf-ibed for the erection 
of a chapel on Merchant (now Aaron) street, which 
building was completed and occupied early in the 
following year at an entire expense of ten thousand 
dollars. Mr. Peck's ministry continued until Octo- 
ber, 1867. Rev. B. P. Johnson succeeded him, and 
remained about seven months. 

Rev. D. W. SIfarts, after four months interim, suc- 
ceeded, beginning his labors September G, 1868, 
and continuing as supply until August 28, 1870. 
During the last months of his ministry an important 
enlargement was made at the rear of the church, as 
well as the erection of a gallery at the front of the 
audience room. 

Messrs. Peck, Jolinson ;iiid Shails were missiona- 
ries employed l)y the mothiT ihuicli to do the work 
of evangelists in that j)art of the city. In 187n, Sep- 
tember lOtli, the separate eccl(>siastical life of the 
North Presbyterian Church began, while it was still 
financially dependent ujion the Pi-esbvterian Church 
Uiiiiin of ( 'leveland. 



258 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



At its organization there were fifty-one members. 
James Gukie and George Lewellyn were elected elders, 
and W. W. Worswick, deacon. The articles of faith 
of the First Fresl)yterian Church were adopted as 
those of this one. 

Rev. Anson Smytli, D.D., immediately undertook 
the supply of this young church, and January 5, 
1871, lie received a call to be its pastor. He held the 
call, and continued his charge as pastor elect for one 
year, when he refused the call and preached his last 
discourse as supply December 31, 1871. A few 
months of candidates followed. In May, 1872, Rev. 
II. R. Hoisington began his labors in the church as 
pastor elect, and was installed June 2d of the same 
year; he is yet its pastor. 

Its Sabbath school has been the great work of this 
Christian enterprise. During the superintendency of 
Mr. T. D. Crocker the school reached an enrollment 
of one thousand. Its present enrollment is five hun- 
dred. The present superintendent is Mr. L. J. Tal- 
bot. The Young Ladies' Society of the First Presby- 
terian Church defray the expenses of the Sabbath 
school. 

The officers of the church at present are Rev. II. 
R. Hoisington, pastor; W. W. Worswick, G. S. Egts, 
J. L. Young, George Lewellyn, elders; J. P. Dutton 
and J. B. Egts, deacons; J. P. Dutton, J. B. Egts, 
J. N. Goulding, W. C. B. Richardson, trustees. 

MEMORIAL PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

The project of a new Presbyterian church in the 
city of Cleveland, to be located in the vicinity of Case 
avenue, had its origin among the members of the Eu- 
clid street Presbyterian church, under the pastorate 
of the late Dr. 0. A. Lyman. Early in 18G8 a sub- 
scription was opened among members of that church, 
payable to Truman Hastings, R. R. Hatch and George 
L. Ingersoll, in trust for the purchase or lease of a 
suitable lot and the erection of a chapel. With the 
fund raised, nearly two thousand dollars, a lot was 
bought on the corner of Sibley street and Case avenue, 
and a wood chapel erected thereon, and occupied as 
a Sunday school late in that year. Services were 
held there until a permanent organization was effected, 
conducted by Rev. James A. Slcinner. 

On the first Sabbath of September, 1870, a meet- 
ing of the congregation was called at the close 
of the morning service, when a committee was ap- 
pointed and authorized to request the presbytery of 
Cleveland to appoint a commission to make the ne- 
cessary investigations, and if j^racticable to organize a 
Presbyterian church in this place, on the first Sab- 
bath of October following. Upon the application of 
tliat committee, the presbytery appointed the Rev. 0. 
A. Lyman, Rev. James Eells, Rev. E. B. RafEensper- 
ger and Elder George Mygatt a commission for that 
purfiose. 

On the second day of October, 1870, the commis- 
sion met in the Case avenue chapel, and in the pres- 
ence of a large congregation proceeded to organize. 



in due form, the Memorial Presbyterian church of 
Cleveland, Ohio. 

Rev. Mr. Skinner continued to lal:)or in couueetion 
with this cliurch until December, 1873. On tlic 33d 
of December, 1873, the cluirch issued its first pastoral 
call, sending the same to the Rev. Francis A. Horton, 
then uastor of the first Reformed (Dutcli) churcli, of 
Catskill, New York. He began Iiis lal)ors in tliis 
church on the second Sabliath of Fel)ruary, 1874, and 
was installed March 22d following. 

The church has a membership of two hundi'cd and 
thirty-nine, with the following officers: Rev. Francis 
A. Horton, pastor; W. H. Van Tine, John C. Grant, 
John C. Preston. Donly Hobart, Alfred Adams, Tru- 
man Hastings, elders; Henry T. Collins, deacon; 
Mrs. Julia L. Ozanne, Mrs. Mary W. Hastings, Mrs. 
Emily A. Horton, deaconesses; Walter R. Austin, 
auditor; Truman Hastings, clerk. 

THE WOODLAND AVENUE CHURCH. 

This society was organized in its chapel parlor, on 
the 18th of April, 1873, nearly one-half of the origi- 
nal members coming from the Second Presbyterian 
church. Its first officers were as follows: Elders, 
Solon L. Severance, Ira Lewis, Marcus W. Montgom- 
ery and Henry M. James; deacons, John J. Davis 
and William W. Robinson. Its first pastor was Rev. 
Edward P. Gardner, who was with the churcli from 
the time of its organization till April, 1876. After 
an interval of a year and a half he was succeeded by 
the present incumbent. Rev. S. L. Blake. Thechurcu 
was organized with fifty-four members. At the close 
of the first year there were 175; second, 330; tiiird, 
351; fourth, 360; fifth, 360; sixth, 310. The pres- 
ent membership is about 325. 

The Sunday school, under the superintendence of 
E. P. Hunt, has beeu one of the most prominent fea- 
tures of the church work and is the largest in the city. 
In April 1873 its membership was 398; in 1874, 484; 
in 1875, 558; in 1876, 884; in 1877, 955, and in April 
last 1058. 

The chapel was built before the church was formed, 
and was dedicated in May, 1872. It is of brick, two 
stories in hight, having parlors below and an audi- 
ence room above with a capacity for seating about 
four hundred. During tiie last year the society erected 
the new church edifice, a substantial brick struc- 
ture, with a seating capacity for about one thousand 
two hundred persons, and containing one of the best 
audience-rooms in the State. The present property 
of the church is free from encumbrance and is worth 
about fifty thousand dollars. 

The church is admirably located, on the corner of 
Woodland avenue and Kennard street. The present 
officers are as follows: Pastor, Rev. S. L. Blake, in- 
stalled December 12, 1877; elders, Solon L. Severance, 
William Taylor, John A. Seaton, Henry M. James, 
Albert H. Massey and John Buchan; deacons, J. Cole- 
man Gates, Albert P. Massey, Darwiu E. Wright, 
George W. Crossett, Charles II. Strong and Abraham 
H. Shunk. 



THE BAPTIST CHURCHES. 



259 



CHAPTER LI I. 

THE BAPTIST AND DISCIPIjE CHURCHES. 

Firet Haptist - Sooijlid Baptist— Third Baptist— Suiicrior Street Baptists 
TaljiTiiaile Baptist— Sliiloli Baptist — First German Baptist^ Welsli 
Baptist -Scranton Avenue Free Baptist — Trinity Baptist — Garden 
Street Baptist Mission— Eighteenth Ward Disciple — Franklin Street 
I)isciple — Euclid Avenue Disciple — Disciple Mission. 

FIRST BAPTIST CIirRCH. 

The First Baptist Church of Clevehind was organ- 
i/.t'd Felji'uary 1(5, 1833, under the pastoral care of 
Rev. Richmond Taggart. The sermon on the occa- 
.sioii wa.s delivered by Rev. Moses Wares, of Colum- 
bia. The pastor e.xtended the right hand of fellow- 
.siiip, and Rev. T. B. Stephenson, of Euclid, delivered 
I he ciiarge to the church. The society came into the 
ftilnwship of the Rocky River Baj)tist; Association 
September "28, 1833. Church meetings were cou- 
vuiicd in the old academy on St. Clair street and the 
iild red court-liouse, until the I'emoval to their own 
new house of worship on the corner of Seneca and 
Ciianiplain streets. The foundation of this edifice, a 
brick structure, was laid in 183J:, being dedicated on 
the 'ibth of February, 1830. The building cost thir- 
teen thousand dollars, and was considered at its 
eunipletion decidedly in advance of most houses of 
Worship in the West. 

Ill .June, 1830, Rev. Levi Tucker succeeded Rev. 
.Mr. Taggart, and, during his i)astorate, which ended 
Niiveinber 18, 1842, there was added to the church 
liy baptism two hundred and twenty nine, and by 
letter two hundretl and four, members. Thencefor- 
ward the church continued to grow strong and useful, 
and from its fold have gone forth colonies which are 
now iutluential and self-sustaining churches. 

In 1855 the society purchased of the Plymouth 
Congregational Church their new brick building, 
corner of Euclid and Erie streets, where services 
were first held April 8, 1855. Rev. S. W. Adams, 
liaving been pastor of the church since 1846, con- 
liiiiied in the pastorate until removed by death, Seji- 
teiiiljer •,>:, 1804. 

Siibsei|uently, and during the pastorate of IJev. A. 
II. Strong, extensive improvements were made on 
I he building and a fine steeple erected on the old 
Lower. The ba.sement is well adapted and arranged for 
Sunday school and meeting purposes. The Sunday 
school, begun February 10, 1833, Avith forty scholars, 
now numbers three hundred and si.xty. There is 
also connected with the church a flourishing mission 
and Sunday .school, of one hundred and forty schol- 
ars, held at Idaka Chapel, corner of Prospect and Ken- 
iiard streets. The present membership of the church 
is live hundred and fourteen. 

The following have been the j)astors, with their 
years of .service: Rev. Richmond Taggart, 1833; Rev. 
".Iinlah L. Richmond, 1834; Rev. E. F. Willey and 
l!ev. Mr. Crane, 1835, as supplies; Rev. Levi Tucker, 
April, 1830, to November, 1842; Rev. J. 11. Walden, 
April, 1843, to June, 1840; Rev. S. W. Adams, D.D., 
October, 1840, to September, 1804; Rev. Augustus 



H. Strong, D.D., September, 1805, to May, 1872; 
Rev. A. J. F. Behrends, D.D., July, 1873, to Fehru- 
ary, 1876; Rev. Geo. W. Gardner, D.D., October, 
1870, to July, 1878; and the i^resent incumbent, Rev. 
Philip S. Moxom, December 9, 1878. 

The following are the present officials: Rev. Philip 
S. Mo.Nom, pastor; Moses White, William T. Smith, 
Charles G. King, Benj. F. Rouse, R. P. Myers, J. 
Wm. Taylor and James Rabon, deacons; C. A. 
Crumb, C. H. Seymour, J. P. Stanard, A. N. Mead 
and W. H. Harris, trustees; G. A. Hyde, treasurer; 
Geo. B. Christian, church clerk. 

SECOXI) BAPTIST CUUUCU. 

In the year 1851, at meetings held August 14th and 
18th, a formal re(juest was made to the First Bajttist 
Church by several of its members, asking that they 
be dismissed from that body for the purj)ose of organ- 
izing a new society, to be known as the "Erie Street 
Baptist Church." The request was granted, and on 
the 3d day of September of the same year the new 
society was organized as a corporate body; electing 
as its first board of trustees. Ransom Green, president, 
V. A. Payne, H. Ranney, A. J. Farrer, Peter Alibey 
and Daniel Himebaugh, trustees; B. F. Rouse, clerk; 
Ezra Thomas, treasurer. The number of constituent 
members was forty-three. J. Hyatt Smith accepted a 
call as first pastor October 5, 1851. 

In 1860, as for several years before, the church was 
burdened with an indebtedness that it could not pay, 
and it was decided to sell the edifice and lot. They 
were accordingly sold to Deacon A. A. Stoddard, for 
his claim of two thousand, one hundred and sixty dol- 
lars; he agreeing to assume all other liabilities. He 
then leased the ]»roperty to the society for a term of 
three years, with the privilege of redeeming the same 
on paying the prior encumbrances. In due time the 
church debt was paid, and the society again became 
the owner of the property. 

On April 30, 1807, the building and land were sold 
to the society of the (ierman P^vangelical Protestant 
Church, and land was i)urchased on Euclid avenue, 
corner of Huntington street, for the erection of a new 
church edifice. The new place of worship was com- 
pleted and dedicated March 5, 1871, under the name 
of the "Second Baptist Church of Cleveland." 

The following is the succession of pastors: Rev. J. 
Hyatt Smith, from October 5, 1851, to March 28, 
1855; Rev. Alfred Pinney, October 21, 1855, to July 
31, 1850; Rev. D. S. Watson, April 1, 1857, to June 
3, 1800; Rev. S. B. Page, January 3, 1861, to May 2, 
1800; Rev. Samuel W. Duncan, called as supply for 
six months, April 18, 1867, ordained as pastor, and 
continued until his resignation March 10, 1875. He 
was succeeded in tjie May following by Rev. G. 0. 
King. In 1877 Rev. Mr. King was followed by Rev. 
(ieo. Tiios. Dowling, the present pastor. The present 
church members'iiip is about three hundred and forty. 

Tlie following are the organizations within the 
church: The Ladies' Social Society, organized March 



260 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



30, 1860; Women's Missionary Circle, organized in 
1873; the Sabbath School, with about three liundred 
and fifty members; Judson Missionary Society, organ- 
ized in May, 1871. 

THIRD BAPTIST CIIUUUII. 

(Jn the lltli of December, 185"^, tlie Third Baptist 
Church was organized under the name of the First Bap- 
tist Church of Ohio City — as the West Side was then 
called. The name of the church was changed on 
the union of the two cities in 1854. The organization 
meeting was held in the Disciples' Church, Frank- 
lin street, being presided over by Loren Prentiss. 
C. A. Crumb was chosen clerk. Eight men and 
twelve women covenanted together, to form this 
church. The society became legally incorporated 
under the laws of the State of Ohio, September 30, 
1853, when the following officers were elected: Rev. 
N. S. Bnrton, D.D., chairman; William Tompkins, 
treasurer; C. A. Crumb, clerk; John McClelland, Wil- 
liam Tompkins, John Uoneywell, Kichard Phillips, 
C. A. Crumb, trustees. 

On August 18, 1853, the church having adopted 
the New Hampshire confession of faith, was recog- 
nized as a regularly constituted Baptist church by a 
council called for that purpose. For a few weeks 
after its organization the members met for worship in 
the Disciples' church, and also a few times in the 
building owned by the United Brethren Society. 
Whitman Hall was used for Sunday services from Jan- 
iiaiy 23, 1853, until June, 1856. 

Ground was broken for the present commodious 
house of worship August 38, 1855. The corner stone 
of the new building was laid September 24, 1855. In 
June, 1856, the church occupied the basement of the 
new structure, and continued there until 1866, when 
the auditorium was comjileted. 

The building stands on the northeast corner of 
Clinton and State streets, and is two stories high. 
The lower story, which is entirely above ground, is 
divided into Sabbath school, bible and infant-class 
rooms. Tiie auditorium and choir gallery are located 
in the ujjper story. The former will seat about five 
hundred persons. The seats, wainscoting and plat- 
form are made of butternut, trimmed with black 
walnut. The room is frescoed and lighted by stained 
glass windows. A tall and shapely spire surmounts 
the front entrance. 

'J'he church now numbers two hundred and forty 
members, and sujjports two Sabbath schools. One of 
them, numbering one hundred and fifty, is in the 
church building (.John E. Spencer, superintendent); 
the other called the Dare Street Mission, numbers two 
hundred (J. H. Lapham, superintendent). The Dare 
street mission, at the corner of Bridge and Dare streets, 
was opened January 1, 1871, and has since been main- 
tained as a mission by the church. The school meets 
in a chapel which was erected by the church and ded- 
icated January 1, 1871. 

The present officers of the society are the following ; 



Rev. J. H. Scott, piistor; John E. Spencer, clerk; F. 
B. Drake, treasurer; George Norris, S. B. Wiggins, 
Mark Harrison, John E. Spencer, J. H. Lapham, 
trustees. 

The names and terms of service of the pastors of 
this church are as follow:-: Rev. N. S. Burton, D.D., 
April 25, 1853, to April 23, 1854; Rev. S. B. Page, 
D.D., May 1, 1854, to May 18, 1859; Rev. George W. 
Gates, May, 1859, to December 31, 1859; Rev. Wil- 
liam Cormac, October 7, 1860, to October 4, 1863; 
Rev. A. Darrow, January 13, 1864, to January 8, 
1868; Rev. M. E. Hayne, June 28, 1868, to April 1, 
1870; Rev. W. F. Barten, June 5, 1870, to March 25, 
1874; Rev. J. H. Scott, September 2, 1874; present 
pastor. 

SUI'EKIOU STREET BAPTIST CHURCH. 

This society grew out of what was known as the 
"Cottage Baptist Mission" Sunday School. The 
school was organized by the Cleveland Baptist Union 
May 30, 1852, with Benjamin Rouse, superintendent, 
and twenty-throe teachers and thirty-four scholars. 
The school building was a cottage, arranged for tlie 
purpose, and located on St. Clair street, near Dodge. 
The school increased until January 30, 1859, when a 
new chapel was erected and dedicated. From this 
time services were held there until September, 1869, 
when the chapel building was removed to the corner 
of Superior and Minnesota streets, and Rev. E. A. Taft 
employed as minister by the Baptist Union. During 
this year a baptistry was put into the chapel, and 
sixty-three persons united with tlie First Baj)tist 
church. A church was organized September 15, 1870, 
called the " Cottage Baptist Church," with one hun- 
dred and six members; Rev. Edwin A. Taft being the 
pastor. Mr. Taft continued with the church after 
its organization about three years, to August 23, 
1873. During these years there were one hundred and 
six additions. On October 1, 1873, the present pas- 
tor. Rev. Gilbert H. Frederick, began his ministry, 
with the church. During the six years since, there 
have been about one hundred and eighty additions. 
The present number of members is near two hundred 
and forty. 

The name of the society was changed from "Cot- 
tage Baptist" to Superior Street Bajjtist church in 
May, 1878. The societies organized for church work 
are the "Ladies' Benevolent Society," the "Young 
Peoples' Society " and the " Band of Little Workers." 
Tiiere is a home Sabbath school of two hundred and 
fifty members, and a mission school known as Payne 
Avenue Mission. 

The officers are as follows: Rev. Gilbert H. Fred- 
erick, pastor; H. S. Julier, John Coulton and John 
Stephens, deacons; H. S. Julier, treasurer; John 
Coulton, clerk. 

TABERNACLE BAPTIST CHURCH. 

The organization and establishment of this church 
resulted from the work known as the Scovill Avenue 
Baptist Mission, which was established in the year 



THE BAPTIST CIIUUCIIES. 



2G1 



1858, under the joint efforts of the pastors and mem- 
bers of tlie First and Second Baptist churches, and 
so continued until about 18G5. After that year it 
was conducted as a mission of the Second Baptist 
cluirch ak)ne until December, 1867, wlien the prelim- 
inary steps were taken for the organization of the 
Tal)ernacle Baptist church. Rev. T. L. Rogers was 
invited to assist in this organization, and became the 
first pastor. The first officers were John Alexander, 
Oscar Townsend, Wm. T. Seller, Isaac Beare and 
Richard Chandler, trustees; John Abbott, clerk; Os- 
car Townsend, treasurer; Isaac Beare, William Mernr, 
Jolin Bennitt and A. II. Pratt, deacons. The church 
at its organization had seventy members, of whom 
tliirty-four remain. The j)roperty on the corner of 
Scovill and Sterling avenues, which had been previ- 
ously occupied as a mission, was purchased at a cost of 
two thousand five hundred dollars, and occupied until 
February, 1879. 

The church has now a membership of over two 
hundred, and a Sabbath school with an average at- 
tendance of about three hundred and fifty. It has 
had as pastors Rev. T. L. Rogers, serving from 
the organization to September, 1870; Rev. A. II. 
State, from Jauuary, 1871, to October. 1873; Rev. 
Frank Remington, from December, 1872, to February, 
1874; Rev. B. F. Ashley, from September, 1874, to 
May, 1878. In June, 1878, the church extended a 
call to Rev. G. 0. King to become its pastor, which 
was accepted July 19, 1878. Through the efforts of 
Mr. King, the Garden street Baptist Mission was 
united with this church. Soon after a lot was pur- 
chased on the corner of Willson avenue and Qiiincy 
street, at a cost of seven thousand two hundred dol- 
lars, upon which a church was erected at an additional 
cost of twelve thousand dollars. The building is con- 
veniently arranged, seated with chairs, and will com- 
fortably accommodate seven hundred and fifty persons. 
The present church oflicials are Rev. G. 0. King, 
pastor; Thomas Emery, clerk; George D. Brainard, 
treasurer; John Bennitt, J. W. Thompson, William 
Barker and William Merur, deacons; h'icliard Chaml- 
Ki', John Philpott, John Bennitt, William Akcrs 
and William Thompson, trustees. 

SHILOII (cuLUUKD) liAlTIST CIUKCII, 

on Sterling avenue, was organized about 18G"), and for 
a lime the members of the congregation worshijiped 
in halls and the open air. They now own a frame 
edifice on Sterling avenue, but are few in number, 
and have at present no preacher. 

FIRST fiKKM.\N U.\PTIST ( IILKIH. 

In the fall of 18G2 Rev. Gerhard Koojuuau, of 
Rochester, New York, was em{)l()ycd by tlie Erie 
Street Bajitist Church, (now the Second Baptist,) 
to labor among the (iermans, of whom there were 
many in the congregation. He j)reaclied to them 
afternoons in tlie Scovill Avenue Mission Chapel, 
aud conducted weekly devotional meetings. As the 



result of his labors many Germans, through Rev. Mr. 
Koopman as interpreter, were added to the Erie Street 
Church. On Octolieri, 18GG, letters were granted to 
twenty-six jiersons to form the First German Baptist 
Church, and two thousand dollars was contributed 
toward the erection of tlieir church edifice on the 
corner of Scovill avenue and Forest street. Rev. 
Edward Greutzner is the resident pastor of this 
church. The number of members is one hundred and 
seven. 

WELSH BAPTIST (IirHCII. 

On the 19th day of April, 18G8, the Welsh Baptist 
Church was organized at Newburg with thirty-six 
^uelnbers. The first services were conducted in a school 
house, by Rev. William Owen, of Pittsburg, and 
Rev. Richard Edwards, of Pottsville, Pennsylvania. 
Soon after, a huilding committee was aj)pointed, a lot 
selected on Wire street near Broadway, and on Sej)- 
tember IG, 18G8, the corner-stone of a new church 
edifice was laid by Rev. Mr. Duncan, of Cleveland. 
The building was comjileted in the latter part of the 
same year, and dedicated under the name of the 
First Welsh Bajitist Church of Newburg. In October, 
1808, Rev. S. Thomas was called to the jiastorate, re- 
maining until March, 18G9. J. T. Giitliliis was 
called and ordained in July following. In March, 
1871, Rev. D. C. Thomas became the successor of 
Rev. Mr. Griffiths, aud continued nine months. Rev. 
Moses Wright became pastor of the church in May, 
1873, staying only four months. In October, 1873, 
Rev. Mr. Probert was called to sujjply the pulpit, con- 
tinuing until December, 1875, when he resigned. 
The i>ulpit, after that and until October, 1877, was 
supplied by S. Job, of the Bethel Home and W. Brees 
respectively, each serving without coojiiensation. 
Rev. W. J. Williams, the pi-esent pastor, was called 
in Sei)tember, 1877. He commenced his duties Octo- 
ber 21, 1877, and was ordained November 25, 1877. 
The society is entirely free from debt, and the build- 
ings and property are in good condition. The church 
membership numbers over forty. The officers ai'c Rev. 
W. J. Williams, pastor; Edward Jones, Edward Rod- 
way and John Stephens, deacons; Juhn E. Jones, 
choir leader. 

SCUANTON AVEXU1-: I-ttEK liAI'TIST CllUltCll.* 

At a meeting held at the residence of Mr. Joiin 
Robertson in the city of Cleveland, April 23, 18G8, of 
which Rev. A. G. Wilder was chairman and Rev. S. 
M. Prentiss clerk, a church was organized called the 
First Free Baptist Church of Cleveland, Ohio. 

A lot for a house of worship was purchased and a 
chapel was erected on the corner of Scovill avenue 
and Putnam street, which was dedicated August 23, 
18G8. 

This young ciiureh, assisted by the Freewill Baptist 
Home Mi-ssion Society, secured for its first jiastor the 

•This society is not in connection with the Baptist denomination, but 
is classified with it on account of titer*' being no other of the kind in the 
city. 



262 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Rev. A. H. Chase, who commenced his labors July 
17, 1869, but resigned before the end of the year. 
The Rev. A. K. Moitlton then accepted the pastoi'ate 
of the church, commencing his labors February 3, 
1870, and continuing in that relation until October 
31, 1872. The church was still under the fostering 
care of the Home Mission Society, in response to the 
solicitations of which, the Rev. A. D. Patch accepted 
a call to the pastorate of the church, entering ui^on 
its duties March 1, 1874. In tlie autumn of the same 
year, the society, having for a long time been embar- 
rassed by serious hindrances, decided to seek a more 
eligible location. After mature deliberation the pres- 
ent site on the corner of Scranton and Clark avenues 
was selected, and the name of the church changed to 
that which it bears at the present time. A new brick 
house of worship was immediately commenced, and 
carried rajndly forward to completion, being formally 
dedicated to the worship of God on the 31st of 
November, 1875, the Rev. Ransom Dunn, D.D., of 
Hillsdale College, Michigan, ofKciating. 

The three years of religious work in the new churcli 
home have been eminently successful. Duiing tliis 
time the churcli has been wholly self-supporting, the 
entire indebtedness against the cliurcii 2'i'operty has 
been cancelled, a membership of nearly one hundred 
communicants has been gatliered, and a growing Sab- 
bath school of ever three hundred members is sup- 
ported. The house of worship has recently been 
newly carpeted and frescoed, and otherwise im])roved, 
adding to its attractiveness and the comfort of the 
worshipers. 

The officers of the church at present are as follows: 
Rev. 0. D. Patch, pastor; L. W. Day and H. J. Coe, 
deacons; E. J. Holmden, clerk; W. II. Ferris, treas- 
urer; J. A. Moffett, E. J. Holmden, H. J. Coe, J. J. 
Ralya and Alfred Kellogg, trustees. 

TRINITY BAPTIST CHURCH. 

Tlie edifice used by tlie society of Trinity IJaptist 
Church was not completed until 1876, although the 
churcli was organized in March, 1873; tiien number- 
ing tliirteen members. They held their meetings in 
Oviatt's Hall. At the dedication of the new edifice 
the society was entirely free from debt. Rev. F. Tol- 
luirstwas the first settled pastor of the society, and still 
reniiiins so. Under his charge the number of mem- 
bers has increased to one hundred and ten. The Sab- 
balli sciiool has two hundred and seventy scholars, 
and is under the direction of Richard Coulton, sujier- 
intendent. , 

GARDEN STHEET MISSION. 

The Garden street mission of the Second Baptist 
Church was organized and held its first session in the 
public school building on Garden street, August 11, 
1873, with I. P. Chandler iis its first and present super- 
intendent. The first attendance showed eight teach- 
ers and fifty-eight scholars. In 1873 the mission 
society moved into a new cha])el on Garden street, 



where it still continues. The fourth annual rejjort 
shows an enrollment of one hundred and seventy- 
seven. 

EIGHTEENTH WARD DISCIPLE CHniCH. 

The records of this church show that as early us 
1828 a religious interest was awakened in Newburg, 
under the preaching of Ebenezer Williams, from 
which this church grew. In 1832 meetings were lield 
in the town house, conducted by Elder William Hay- 
den, and in the following year under the ministry of 
Elders Hayden and Williams. John Hopkinson was 
elected elder and served in that capacity for over 
forty years, until his death. In 1835 an important 
"yearly meeting" was held on the farm of Colonel 
John Wrightman. Alexander Campbell, William 
Hayden, A. B, Green, M. S. Clapp, and other min- 
isters were in attendance. At tliis time a permanent 
organization was effected. On the 31st of April, 
18-12, the church was reorganized by Elder Jonas 
Hartzler with thirty-five members. Soon after, while 
the church was under the care of Elder J. D. Bene- 
dict, the chapel on Miles avenue was built, wliere the 
congregation still meets for worship. From that 
time the ministers who have served the church are 
Revs. F. M. Green, J. A. Garfield, 0. M. Atwater, 
L. Cooley, John Pinkertou, J. M. Monroe, S. K. 
Sweetman, J. H. Jones, and E. D. Barclay. The 
church now has a membership of two hundred, and 
is under the ministerial care of W. R. S])indler. The 
Sunday school, superintended at present by Josiah 
Browning, numbers about one hundred and eighty. 

FRANKLIN STREET DISCIPLE CHURCH. 

This church was organized February 30, 1842, in a 
small house of worshii) on Vermont street, Ohio City. 
John Henry was the officiating evangelist. Cajitain 
D. P. Nickerson and G. B. Tibbitts were api)oiiited 
bishops or overseers. There were over thirty original 
members, and this number doubled the first year. 
The first services were conducted by J. P, Robison, 
A. S. and Wm. Hayden, John Henry, J. H. Jones, 
and other pioneer Disciple ministers. After Decem- 
ber 10, 1843, the society met in Apollo hall, and still 
later in Empire hall, on Superior street. In 184(! the 
church, by mutual consent, divided, and the part 
constituting this church met at Sanford's hall, uii 
Detroit street. 

Lathrop Cooley, in February, 1840, was selected as 
the first pastor. In the spring of 1846 the Sunday 
school was started. A building lot was secured on 
the circle and Franklin avenue, and a house of wor- 
ship, forty by sixty-four feet, was commenced in 1847 
and completed in 1848, the building and lot costing 
about two thousand dollars, and being occupied twen- 
ty-eight years. 

In 1874 a new lot was secured on the south side of 
the circle, and the foundation of the present house 
was laid. The Sunday school chapel and parlors 
were dedicated November 5, 1870. The present pmp- 



ROMAN CATHOLIC CIIUKCnES, ETC. 



2fi3 



crt.y has cosb, thus far, fortj' thousand dollars. The 
pclitice is otic hundred and throe feet long and sixty- 
four feet wide; irregnlar in contour. It is l)nilt of red 
pressed brick, laid in hlaek mortar, and is trimmed 
with brown sandstone. The irregular shape of the 
material with which it is built, and the surroundings, 
make itoue of the most attractive churches in thecity. 

The members of the Detroit street mission, in East 
Rockport, belong to this church. The present en- 
rolled membership is three hundred and fifty. The 
average attendance at Sunday school is two hundred. 
Though this is not a church of wealthy members, it 
ii;is always materially heli)ed the educational and be- 
nevolent enterprises of the Disciples. 

The pastors have been Uevs. Latlirop Cooley, 1840 
to 18.53; A. B. Green, 1853 to 1855; Latlirop Cooley, 
1S5G and part of 1857; James A. Garfield, part of 
1857 and 1858; Wm. Robison, 1859; W. D. Winter, 
1800 and 18G1; C. C. Foote, 18G:5 to 1804; B. A. 
TFinsdale, 1805 and 1800; C. C. Foote, 1807; James 
Cannon, 1808; Dr. S. E. Shepard, 1800 to 1871; 
Latlirop Cooley, 1872 and 1873; Alansoa Wilcox, 
1874, and at the present time pastor. 

The present officers of the church are Alanson Wil- 
cox, pastor; A. J. Marvin, James Cannon and Wm. 
Tousley, bishops; R. O. White, N. D. Fisher and 
Albert Teachout, deacons. 

EUCLID AVENUE DISCIPLES CHURCH. 

The Euclid Avenue Church of Christ (or Church of 
the Disciples) was organized on the 4th day of Sep- 
tember, 1843, at the residence of Colonel Gardner, 
near Doan's Corners, in what was formerly East Cleve- 
land township. 

Meetings had been held the previous month, under 
a tent, by members of the church in Euclid, desiring 
to organize a branch church in this locality. There 
were some thirty additions, and a petition dated Au- 
gust 7, 1843, was presented to the parent church in 
Euclid, signed by seventeen persons, asking to be set 
olT as a separate church. 

The request was granted, and an oi-ganization was 
effected, with W. P. Hudson and Theodore Staffoi'd 
a.s the first olficers. 

Elder M. S. Cla]ip seems to have been the first 
minister who preached at regular intervals, and meet- 
ings were held in the old stone school-house near the 
corners. Revs. William Ilaydeii, A 1$. Green, J. H. 
Jones and Dr. J. P. Roliison held meetings, and 
ministered during the earlier j'cars of the church. 

Li 1847 a substantial framed building was erected as 
a house of worship on the old cemetery lot, corner of 
Doan and Euclid streets. In 1807 this building was 
removed to the corner of Euclid and what is now 
known as Streator avenue, and, being remodeled, 
served as a chapel, Sunday school room and pastor's 
study. In 1800 an elegant and commodious church 
edifice was erected on the same lot, and is now used 
by the society. The building is of wood, in the 
Gothic style of architecture, and has a seating capac- 



ity of four hundred and twenty persons. Its cost was 
about twenty-four thousand dollars. 

For donation of the lot and much of the means cm- 
ployed in the erection of this building, the church is 
indebted to the generosity of Dr. Worthy S. Streator. 

The church is now in a flourishing condition, and 
numbers about two hundred and twenty members, 
T'lie Sunday school numbers over one hundred and 
fifty scholars. 

The following have been the more recent p.astors: 
Revs. J. B. Pinkerton, 1808; C. C. Foot, 1800; J. 
H. Jones, 1870; J. B. Johnson, 1871; Jabez Hall 
called in 1873, who yet retains the pastorate. 

The present oflic^ers an^ C. B. Loekwood and II. C. 
White, and Rev. Jabez Hall, elders; — Asa Hudson, 
J. W. Simpson, D. R. Whitcomb and Paul Hewitt, 
deacons; W. S. Streator, Ira Adams and B. F. 
Powei's, trustees; B. L. Pennington, clci-k and treas- 
urer. 

THE niSCII'LES MISSION'. 

The mission on the corner of Eric and Hamilton 
streets, was first opened for church worship on Janu- 
ary, 1877, by Rev. Lathrop Cooley. No permanent 
church organization has ever been effected, and the 
pastor receives no fixed salary, his remuneration de- 
pending entirely ui)on voluntary contributions from 
the congregation. 



CHAPTER LTII. 

ROMft.N CATHOLIC CHURCHES. ETC 

St. Mary's (on the Flatsl— St. .lohn's Cathedral— Cathedral A.<isociation 
—St. Peter's (fJermaii) — St. Mary's of the Assumption — St. Patrick's— 
Immaculate Conception— St. Bridget's— St. Mary's of tlie Holy Rosary 
—St. Augustine's— St. Joseph's (Oerman)— St. Wenceslaus i Bohemian) 
Francisc.in Convent and Chapel— St. Stephen's— St. Cohirnhkill's— 
Church of the Holy Trinity —Church of the Annunciation— St. Proltop's 
(Hohemiam). 

ST. mauy's cnuRCH, (on the flats.) 

TiiK first Catholic Church of Cleveland was organ- 
ized by Rev. John Dillon, who was the first resident 
priest. The Catholics of thecity then numbered but 
five families. Sei'vices were held for a time in Union 
lane, near where the Atwater building now stands. 

Father Dillon took the first steps toward the erec- 
tion of a new church, and for that puqiose collected 
about eleven hundred dollars in New York. He died 
in 1837, before the work of building had been com- 
menced. He was succeeded by Rev. P. O'Dwyer, 
who, with the aid of the funds raised by his predeces- 
sor, and the contributions of the few Catholic families 
and of generous non-catholics of the city, commenced 
the erection of the edifice, ever since known as 
"St. Mary's on the Flats." 

In 1838, and before its completion, Father O'Dwver 
left the diocese, and was succeeded the by Rev. P. 
McLaughlin. The church was completed and mass 
celebrated for the first time, about December, 1838. 



THE CITY or CLEVELAND. 



204 



The entire jn'operty, iuchiding furniture, etc., cost 
about three thousand dollars. Among the laymen 
prominently connected with the church at an early 
day, may be mentioned the names of Detner, Golden, 
Wichmann, Filias, Wamelink, Duffy, Alivel, Ilaulon, 
Fitzpatrick and Matthews. Of these Mr. Detner only 
is now living. 

Soon after the edifice was completed, Rev. Mr. 
McLaughlin was removed and Rev. Maurice Howard 
appointed pastor in his stead. He remained in charge 
until November, 1847, when Rev. Amadens Rappe, 
first bishop of the diocese of Cleveland, took pos- 
session of his see, made St. Mary's his cathedral, and 
appointed his vicar-general, Very Rev. Louis De- 
Uoesbriand, pastor of the church. Father DeGoes- 
briand remained in charge until 1852, when the new 
cathedral on the corner of Superior and Erie streets 
was opened for divine service. 

From that time until the year 18G.3, St. Mary's was 
used by the newly organized German congregatiini 
and known as St. Mary's of the Assumption. That 
society then took possession of their new church edi- 
fice of the same name, on the corner of Carrol and 
Jersey streets. The French Catholics used the old 
church from 18G3 to 1865; St. Malachi's society from 
1805 to 1808; the Bohemians from 1808 to 1872, and 
the Poles, from 1872 until the present time. 

ST. John's cathedral. 

The most venerable Roman Catholic Church in 
Cleveland is St. John's Cathedral. It is situated on 
the northeast corner of Superior and Erie streets. 
Fronting on Erie street it has a width of seventy- 
eight feet, and runs east along Superior street one 
hundred and seventy-five feet. It is a gothic, brick 
structure, designed by Kiely, of New York. The 
interior is well lighted by fourteen deep-mullioned, 
stained glass windows, and consists of nave, side- 
aisles, chancel, organ-gallery and bell-tower. The 
auditorium is capable of seating nearly two thousand 
persons. 

The lots upon which the cathedral and Bishop's ])al- 
ace now stand were purchased in 1845 from the heirs 
of what was known as the May estate, by the Rev. 
Peter McLaughlin, then the only Catholic pastor of 
Cleveland and the surrounding counties. Before 
the aiipointment of Father McLaughlin an ordinary 
room in the old Mechanics' Block, corner of Prospect 
and Ontario streets, was the commodious chapel of 
all the Catholics of Cleveland and vicinity. But the 
citj- grew and the Catholics increased. "St. Mary's, 
on the Flats," was built and promised many years 
accommodation to every Roman Catholic who might 
sojourn near the mouth of the Cuyahoga. But this 
promise was not to be fulfilled. East from the river 
the city steadily spread itself out, and Father Peter, 
as he was called, resolved that he would run before it 
and prepare for the future by his purchase in the 
May woods. The development of northern Ohio and 
the growth of Cleveland kept rapid pace. The latter 



was made the See of a Roman Catholic bishop, and, 
in the autumn of 1847, received its first chief pastor 
in the person of the late Right Reverend Amadens 
Rappe. 

Born near Bologne, in France, Father Rappe served 
the Ursuline Convent in that city as chaplain for 
some years before coming to this country. There he 
met Archbishop Purcell, and, hearing from him the 
wants of the American church, resigned his chap- 
laincy, bade adieu to friends and country, and accom- 
panied the Archbishop to the banks of the Ohio. 
After a short stay at Chillicothe he was appointed 
l)astor at Toledo, and soon made his name a house- 
hold word by his labors through the valley of the 
Maumee. No sooner was Cleveland made an episco- 
pal see than the eye of tiie archbishoj) and those of 
the bishops of the province rested upon Father 
Rappe as the one most fitting to bear the burden of its 
mitre. He was recommended to Rome, and Pius IX. 
made the ajjpointment. 

Soon after his installation the title of lots in the 
May woods, upon which Father McLaughlin had be- 
gun to build a modest church, was transferred to the 
new bishop. The plans of the church begun by 
Father Peter were set aside and those of the Cathe- 
dral, drawn by Kiely, adopted. In the autumn of 
1848, one year after his consecration. Bishop Rappe 
laid the corner-stone of St. John's Cathedral. 

In collecting funds for the new building, no small 
task in tiiose days, the bishop was ably and zealously as- 
sisted by his vicar-genei'al, the very Reverend Louis de 
Goesbriand, now bishop of Burlington, Vermont, who 
was the first pastor of the Cathedral. After the eleva- 
tion of Dr. De Goesbriand to the Episcopate, Bishop 
Rappe was successively assisted by the Rev. Fathers 
Conlan, Mareshal, Canaher, Walsh, Hannin, Thorpe, 
Carroll and (Jallagher, the four first-named of whom 
are now dead; but continued himself to hold the im- 
mediate pastorship of the church until he resigned 
in 1870. 

After the resignation of Dr. Rappe, Father Edward 
Ilannin, of Toledo, was appointed administrator of 
the diocese, and being obliged to reside in Cleveland 
he managed the affairs of the cathedral until the ap- 
pointment of the present bishop, the Rt. Rev. Rich- 
ard Gilmour, D.D., in April, 1872. A few months 
after his consecration Bishop Gilmour resolved to give 
the cathedral, like other churches of his diocese, a 
pastor, and accordingly called to that office the Verj^ 
Rev. F. M. Boff, V.G., then and for many years pre- 
vious pastor of St. Francis de Sales" church, Toledo. 
In the summer of 1872 Father Boff was installed 
pastor of the cathedral, and was the first ])riest ap- 
pointed to that office since the pastorship of Dr. De 
Goesbriand. 

In 1875 Father BofI resigned and was succeeded by 
the Rev. T. P. Thorpe, then and for j-ears previous 
rector of the Immaculate Conception Church in the 
eastern part of the city. From the cathedral had 
gone out fifteen Catholic jiarishes, some of them now 



ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCHES, ETC. 



205 



linviiii;- iiiMnniliccnl cliurcli rdilicrs. Still tlic spire of 
I lie i>lil cathedral remained iiiiljuilt, while both the 
inside and tlio outside horc tlie dimming marks of 
lime. In ISTS Fat.licr Thorpe, f;encron.sly socondcd 
hy tJie people of the parish, undertook the building 
of the spire, the remodeling and ornamenting of tlic 
front, tlie oomplcte renovation of the inside, the re- 
plaeing of the old windows by richer and heavier 
stained glass, logetlier with important changes in the 
chancel, the side chapels and thesaciMsty. The work 
of renovation on the inside is now complete. The 
graceful spire, surnuiiinted l)y the cross, now shoots 
lip two hundred and forty feet from the pavement. 
The Work of renovating the exterior lias commenced, 
and will be completed next year. When all is doni^ 
St. .lohiTs Cathedral will be the most Ijcantiful, as it 
is now the most venerable, Iioman Catholic church in 
Cleveland. 

CATIIOLIf CENTKAL ASSOI I ATION. 

This association is made up of delegates from all 
the Catholic societies of Cleveland. It was organized 
by Bishop (iilmour in 1873, and has since grown 
steadily. At first, and forthree orfouryears after its 
organization, its members were nearly all delegated by 
English speaking societies. But it has now a rejire- 
sentation from every Catholic parish in the city, 
regardless of nationality, and a full delegation from 
every Catholic society, without respect to language. 
Social intercourse and a union of Catholics for Catho- 
lic interests arc the primary objects of the association. 
Its members are bound neither by oath nor secret 
pleilgc. Their deliberations are generally ojien; but 
to |ircvcnt misunderstanding the press is often ex- 
cluded from their meetings. 

ST. Peter's (gekmax). 

St. i'etcr's parish was organized Feijrnary K, 18.");!, 
for t he bcnclit of the (icrm ,n speaking Catholics of 
Ck'veland, who had fiumerly w'orshqied with the 
other (Catholic congregations in various parts of the 
city. l"'or that organization a parcel of land was 
purchased at the intor.section of Superioi- and Dodge 
streets, and a school house, pastor's residence and 
temporary place of worship erected thereon. They 
were ready for occuitancy toward the latter part of 
1854. The new parish comprised about seventy fam- 
ilies. The corner stone of the church edifice was laid 
August 17, 18.57, by the Rt. Rev. Bishop A. Happe, 
and the building completed and dedicated October 2.'), 
1850, by Kt. Uev. Dc Goesbriand, Bishop of Burling- 
ton, Vermont., the Rt. Bcv. Bishop Lners, an{l the 
Most Rev. Archbishop Purcell, preaching in German 
and English respectively. The extreme length of the 
edifice is one hundred and forty-live feet; the width 
seventy feet; liight of tower and spire two hundred 
and fifty-four feet. Attached to St. Peter's is a si)a- 
cious school building, erected in 1873 by Rev. F. Wes- 
terholt, at a cost of twenty-five tliousand dollars. 
Adjoining the parish school is a convent erected by 



the Sisters of Notre Dame in 1877, of whom, including 
novices, thei'e arc fifty, this convent being their moth- 
er-house in America. 

St. I'etcr's at jiresent numl>crs four hundred fami- 
lies and twelve liiiiulred communicants. Tiie present 
pastor is Rev. F. Wosterholt, assisted by Thomas 
Fjitt(M-st. Present council, Messrs. John Kuhr, John 
M. Luew, Matthias Wagner, Frederick Twilling. 
The following have been })astors, witli the duration of 
their charge from the time the Germans met for sep- 
arate worship: Rev. James Ringell, 1848-9; Rev. 
Matthias Kreusch, 1849-50; Rev. Peter Kreusch, 
1850-51; Rev. N. Roupp, 1851-53; Row J. 11. Luhr, 
1853-08; Rev. F. Westerholt the present incumlient. 

ST. mauy's oi' Till': AssrMP'rioN (nuitMAN). 

Previous to 1853 the German Roman Catholics of 
Cleveland had not been organized in separate parish 
churches, but worshipj)ed in what was called the old 
"Flat church," on Columbus street, in common with 
the other Catholics. At the time of opening the Ca- 
thedral to the English-speaking Catholics by Bishop 
Ra})pe, the Germans of the society were granted the 
use of the "Flat church." Rev. Henry Luhr was 
a])pointed to the charge and organized the first dis- 
tinct (Jcrnuin Catholic church in Fel)ruary, 1853. In 
1854 the Germans divided into two smaller congrega- 
tion and Father Luhr was made vicar-general for all 
German Catholic churches in the diocese. 

Early in the year 1857, under the pastorate of Kev. 
Louis Kramer, land was purchased and a school-house 
for temporary worship and educatioiuil purposes erect- 
ed on Jersey street. In September, 1857, Father Kra- 
mer left the parish and was succeeded by Rev. Fr. II. 
Obermaller. He left the church in 18G1 and Father 
Hammer had charge until March, 1803, when Rev. 
Stepiien Falk was ap))ointed pastor. During his pas- 
torate the new church was commenced. The corner 
stone was laid September 13, lS(i3. It was completed 
and dedicated August 13, 1805. under the title of "St. 
iMary's of the Assumption Cliurch." The dedicatory 
services were conducted l)y Rt. Rev. Bishop Rajipe 
and assistants. The church lias a seating ca])acity for 
eiglit hundred persons. Connected is a parochial 
school in six divisions, with about four hundred and 
thirty scholars, under the direction of three Christian 
Broliiers and tlii'ce Frsnline Sisters. 

ST. PATIUriv'S. 

St. Patrick's congregation was organized and the 
first services held on the Sunday within the octave of 
Epi[)]iany, 1854, by Very Rev. James Conlan, V.G., 
the first pastor, who remained in charge until his 
death, Marcii 3, 1875. 

'The first church edifice built by this society was 
commenced in 1855 and comj)leted in 1857, at a cost 
of about ten thousaiul dollars. The edifice was built 
of brick, plain, and amply large for the then small 
congregation. For more than ten years all the Eng- 
lish-speaking Catiiolies of the West Siile belonged to 



2G6 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



St. Patrick's. To accommodate the rapidly increas- 
ing number of these people, new congregations were 
formed, vi>!. : St. Malachi's, St. Augustine's and St. 
Mary's of the Annunciation, the latter partly French. 

Notwithstanding these gradual separations from St. 
Patrick's, it was found necessary to build a larger 
church. The corner-stone was laid in July, 1871, by 
Archbishop Purcell, and the sermon on the occasion 
was preached by Bishop Gilmour, then pastor of St. 
Joseph's, at Dayton. The church is not yet completed, 
although services have been held there during the 
summer for several years past. 

At the time of building the first church, schools 
were established which, owing to the zeal of the sev- 
eral pastors in charge, rank among the first parochial 
schools of the city. Their attendance numbers about 
eight hundred scholars, taught by the Christian 
Brothers and Ursuline Sisters. 

The several pastors of St. Patrick's, with their 
terms of service, have been as follows: Very Rev. Jas. 
Conlan, Epiphany, 1854, to March .3, 1875; Rev. J. 
V. Conlan, March, 1875, to April, 1877; Rev. E. M. 
O'Callaghan, the present pastor, appointed in April, 
1877. 

CHURCH OF THE IMMACULATE CONCEPTION. 

The Immaculate Conception jiarish was organized 
as a mission chapel, attached to St. John's Cathedral, 
in the year 1856. Three city lots were purchased by 
Rt. Rev. A. Rappe, D.D., on the corner of Superior 
and Lyman streets, Mr. Joseph Lyman, from whom 
they were bought, at the same time donating one lot 
more. A framed building was moved to the spot and 
used for divine service, conducted by Revs. J. F. So- 
1am, F. Sullivan and A. M. Martin, respectively. 

Among the oldest members were James Watson, 0. 
M. Doran, Joseph Harkins, Thomas Mahar, Daniel 
Mulcahy, Dennis Mulcahy, Dennis Sheridan, James 
Crotty, Daniel Taylor, Thomas Maher, Thos. O'Ricl- 
ly, Patrick Fennell and Andrew McNally. 

In the spring of 18G5 Rev. A. Sauvadet was ap- 
pointed first resident pastor. He soon erected a rec- 
tory and a school building, the third story of whicli 
was used for some time for church purposes. 

In October, 1870, Rev. T. P. Thorpe succeeded to 
the pastorate, receiving his appointment from Very 
Rev. E. Hannin, administrator of the diocese, and 
soon built the present temporary wood structure. On 
the 15th of August, 1873, the corner-stone was laid 
of the massive stone church now in course of con- 
struction on the corner of Superior and Lyman streets. 

On the 33d of June, 1876, Rev. A. R. Sidley, the 
present incumbent, appointed by Rt. Rev. R. Gilmour, 
D.D., succeeded to the pastorate, continuing the work 
of the church. 

ST. Bridget's. 

St. Bridget's Church, on Perry street, was organized 
in May, 1857, by Rt. Rev. Bishop Rappe. About 
twenty members met in St. Mary's Orphan Asylum, | 



on Harmon street. They resolved to buy a lot and 
build a church. The building was a small brick edi- 
fice, and cost about seven hundred dollars. Mass 
was celebrated there on Christmas, 1857. Services 
were conducted by jiriests from the cathedral and 
St. Mary's Seminary. Father O'Connor took a prom- 
inent part in the organization of the parish. Rev. 
Father Martin and Rev. John Quin attended the par- 
ish for some years. 

Rev. Father Leigh was the first resident pastor. 
During his administration a building standing on the 
corner of Prospect and Perry streets was purchased 
and moved to the church lot, to .serve as a school- 
house. Father Leigh died there in 1865. J. Storey, 
Mr. R. E. Mix and Mr. T. Hynes were the first eoun- 
cilmen, continuing as such until 1865. 

Rev. Jas. Monagiiau succeeded Rev. Father Lcigli. 
Under his administration a new school house was 
built. The lot and house adjoining the church was 
bought for about six thousand dollars. The house 
was used as the pastor's residence. Ground was also 
broken for a new church. Rev. Father Monaghan was 
transferred to a new field of labor in June, 1872. 

Rev. B. B. Kelley succeeded Rev. J. Monaghan as 
pastor in June, 1872. Rev. B. B. Kelley was suc- 
ceeded by Rev. P. J. McGuire in August, 187-1. He 
remained until January, 1876. Rev. Wm. McMahon 
succeeded Rev. P. J. McGuire in February, 1876. 
During that year the congregation paid about four 
thousand dollars — the balance due on the old debt, 
and current expenses in addition. The field being 
now clear, the people went to work with a will to erect 
the new church. Many changes were made in the 
origiual plan. Work was begun in May, 1877, and 
the first services were held in the new church on 
Christmas of the same year. On the same day, 
twenty years before, mass had been said in tiie old 
building. The new church is one hundred and fifty- 
two feet long and fifty feet wide; forty-eight feet to 
apex of ceiling. It is Gothic in style, built of Ijrick, 
with stone trimmings. There is a commodious base- 
ment under the whole church. The total cost, not 
including furniture, was about thirty-five thousand 
dollars. 

The congregation now numbers a little more than 
two hundred families. There are three divisions in 
the parocliial school, and about two hundred pupils 
enrolled. About the same number attend Sunday 
school. The present church officials are Rev. Wm. 
McMahon, pastor; W. C. Kelley, James Burden, 
Edward Madden and Thomas Ryan, councilmen. 

ST. Mary's of the holy rosauy. 

In 1860 Rev. E. M. O'Callaghan organized in New- 
burg the church called St. Mary's of the Holy Rosary, 
and after preaching for three years in the Town Hall 
aud other availal^Ie places, built a fine stone church in 
1863. From thirty families in 1860 the congregation 
has increased to the large number of five hundred in 
1879. 



ROMAN CATHOLIC CUURCHES, ETC. 



2G7 



The successors of Father O'Callaghan have been 
Revs. Francis Sullivan, J. Kulin, John Daudet and J. 
F. Gallagher. Rev. Mr. Gallagher, the present pastor, 
is assisted by Rev. James Monahan, and has charge 
also of St. Columbus Academy, the church parochial 
school, numbering upwards of seven hundred pupils. 

ST. AUGU8TINE"S. 

This parish comprises within its limits that portion 
of the city which is known as the flights. South 
Side — a part of the Twelfth and the whole of the 
Tliirtoenth wards. Prior to 1860 the few Catholic 
families in tiiis district were attached to St. Patrick's, 
West Side. In that year the Rt. Rev. A. Rappe, first 
bishop of Cleveland, purchased a large lot on the 
corner of Jefferson and Tremout streets, and built 
the front half of the present frame church. The 
Revs. T. Carroll, J. F. Gallagher, and T. M. Maho- 
ny attended the church from St. John's Cathedral, 
wiiere they wore successivel}^ assistants to the bishop. 

In 1867 the growing congregation was jirovided 
with a resident pastor, the Rev. A. Grandmongin. 
After him Revs. T. W. Higgins and J. P. Carroll 
held pastoral charge for short terras until September, 
1874, when Rev. W. J. Gibbons received his api)oint- 
meut. His health failing, he was obliged to relinquish 
iiis ciiargc in July, 1875. The church was then 
place<l, teiiijiorarily at first, under the care of the Rev. 
Edward Mears, and his apjjointment was soon after- 
wards made ]iernianent. Under his administration 
the interests of the congregation were greatly ad- 
vanced, all the old debts of the church were paid, and 
a new building erected. 

February 1, 1877, the Rev. W. J. Gibbons was re- 
ajjpointed pastor. In the same year the church was 
enlarged to its present dimensions, and the interior 
greatly impi'oved. A neat chapel was also built in 
connection with the church, and both were dedicated 
Sunday morning, December 9th, by the Rt. Rev. 
liichard Gilmour, D.D., bishop of the diocese. 

About five hundred and fifty communicants attend 
the church regularly, and four schools are main- 
tained. 

.ST. .JOSEl'irs (GEKM.VX). 

The i)reseut cliurcii edifice of St. Joseph has long 
since su[ierseded the framed one of the same name, 
built in the year 186::^, for the use of the Bohemian 
and German Catholics, then under the pastoral care of 
Rev. Andrew Krasny. In the year 1867 the Very Rev. 
Kilian Schlosser (at that time commissary provincial 
i>f the Franciscan Fathers in America,) took charge of 
St. Joseph's Chnich and congregation. He soon after 
delegated the charge of the i)arish to the Rev. Capis- 
trau Zwinge, O.S.F., with an assistant, Rev. Domin- 
iciis Drossier, O.S.F. Not long after this the liohe- 
iiiians separated from the Germans, and built a 
eiiurch for themselves. 

The l>ev. (^ipistran Zwinge died in the year 1874, 
ami tlie Itev. Kilian Schlosser again took charge of 



the parish. He laid the coriier-stoue of the new 
church edifice in 1871, and dedicated it on the 
.^)th of October, 1873, the Rt. Rev. Richard Gilmour, 
l)isiiop of Cleveland, officiating. The plan of the 
building is similar to the far-famed cathedral of Co- 
logne. The church has a frontage of ninety feet 
on Woodland avenue, and extends on Chapel street 
one hundred and sixty feet, to which are added a sac- 
ristry-entrance, portal and school-house, making a 
total depth of two hundred feet. The front contains 
three entrances, the main one being in the form 
of a porch, supported on columns with carved Capi- 
tols. In style of architecture the church is purely 
Gothic, and it can hardly be equaled by any other in 
the city either for outward beauty, or interior orna- 
mentation. 

Connected with the parish is a college, conducted 
by the Franciscan Fathers, and a ])arochial scliool, by 
the Brothers of the same order. The parish numbers 
about one thousand members, attended by Rev. Kilian 
Schlosser and assistants, all of the order of St. Francis. 

ST. WENCESLAUS (BOHEMIAN). 

Prior to the year 1867 the Bohemian Roman Catho- 
lics held their religious services in "St. Mary's Church, 
on the Flat," afterward in the cathedral. At that time 
they organized meetings, and elected as trustees John 
Burck, John Kavelir, John Havelicek and John 
Koenig. On February 27, 1867, lands on the north- 
east corner of John (now Arch) street were secured, 
on which they erected a brick church edifice, fifty by 
ninety feet in size. Tlie corner-stone was laid Octo- 
ber 2t>, 1867. The first pastor was Rev. A. Kresing, 
who served two years, and, on account of long illness, 
was superseded by Rev. George Beranek. He re- 
mained only three months, when Rev. J. Revis was 
called to the pastorate, and remained until 1873. 
Rev. Anthony Hynek, the present pastor, was then 
called. The society numbers about three hundred 
and seventy-five families and fifteen hundred com- 
municants. In 1877 a parochial school, arranged for 
four classes, was built at an expense of four thousand 
dollars. 

CONVENT AND ( HAl'EL OF THE FRANCISCANS. 

In January, 1868, the late Right Rev. Amadous 
Rappe, first liishop of Cleveland, called several mem- 
bers of the Franciscan order from the mother-house 
in Tento})olis, Eftingliam county, Illinois, to this city. 
After purchasing a suitable place, on the the corner 
of Ilazen and Chapel streets, they erected a monas- 
tery, whose first superior was Rev. Capistran Zwinge, 
O.S.F. The number of innnites being four, at first, 
it was called a residence, whose suj)crior bears the 
name of pneses. In course of time, however, its num- 
ber being increased, it was raised to the rank of a 
convent in 1877 (one of fifteen of this class in the 
United States), whose su])erior possesses more extense 
rights, and fortius reason bears the distinctive title of 
Guardian. The number of inmates belonging to the 



268 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



institution consists of ten priests and six laj'-brothers. 
The present superior of tlie community is the Very 
llev. Kiliiin Schlosser, O.S.P., who hiis been at the 
head of the institution since 1873. He is assisted 
in governing the convent by llev. Bonaventure 
Machny, O.S.F. 

There is also a small cliapel connected with the 
convent, which is dedicated to St. Joseph. It was 
built in 1869, and was consecrated by the Kighi Kev. 
August M. Toebbe, Bishoji of Covington, Kentucky, 
on the 13th day of November, 1870. 

In 1876 the Very Eev. Kilian Schlosser erected a 
•stately brick building on Chapel street, which bears 
the name of St. Joseph's College. It was chartered 
in 1878, and its average attendance numbers seventy 
students. Seven professors, of whom five are clergy- 
men and two laymen, are engaged in this institution. 

ST. Stephen's. 

St. Stephen's Eoman Catholic Church was founded 
by Rev. H. Falk, by dividing St. Mary's parish, in tlie 
year 18G9. 

A chapel was erected on Courtland street, with 
rooms for parochial schools. Two hundred families 
belonged at that time to the parish, with about three 
huudred school children. On the 7th of September, 
1873, the corner-stone was laid, by Et. Eev. Bishop 
Gilmour, of the new stone church. The extreme 
length of the edifice is one hundred and sixty-five 
feet, and the width seventy-five feet, built in Gothic 
style with two transepts and stained glass windows. 
On the 2d of July, 1876, the first service was held. 
The parish numbers now about three hundred families 
with four hundred school children. Since the ])arish 
was founded, Eev. C. Eeichlin has lieen pastor. 

ST. COLVMliKILL's. 

This church was organized by Father O'Eeilly in 
1870, and in the same year a brick house of worship 
was erected at the corner of Superior anil Alabaitui 
streets. In 1872 Bishop Gilmour made of St. Co- 
lumbkill's a " Chapel of Ease," and attached it to the 
parish of St. John's Cathedral. Early services are 
held there once a week, by priests of the parish. 

ST. JlALAClll's. 

St. Malachi's was organized in 1865, and for three 
years the congregation worshiped in the old church 
of "St. Mary's on the Flats." lu 1868 a fine brick 
church was built on Washington street near Pearl 
(West Side). Eev. J. P. Maloney, the founder of tlie 
ciiurch, is still, and always has been the pastor. His 
assistants have been Eevs. T. Smyth, M. P. Kinkead 
and W. J. Fitzgerald. The congregation is a flour- 
ishing one, and includes four hundred and ninety 
families. 

(IILIU'H OK THE HOLY 1-AMlLY. 

In ls7(> Eev. J. Kuhn organized the Church of tlie 
Holy Family, whose congregation was about equally 



divided between the Irish and Germans. In the same 
year he built a brick edifice at the corner of Wood- 
land avenue and Geneva street, and since that time 
the building has served for a house of worship, school 
and parsonage. A new church will soon be built upon 
an adjoining lot, and thus the school — a growing one 
in charge of the Ladies of the Sacred Heart — will 
enjoy enlarged accommodations. The congregation, 
which numbers now upwards of three hundred fami- 
lies, is in charge of Rev. P. Ba^ckei': Eev. 5Ir. Kuhn 
having retired in April, 1870. 

CHURCH OF THE AXN I'SCI ATIOX (FREN'CH). 

This church on the southwest corner of Ilurd and 
Moon streets was established in 1870, for the benefit 
of the French Catholics of Cleveland. The edifice 
is a framed building, forty by ninety feet in dimen- 
sions, and was erected at a cost of about fourteen 
thousand dollars. The number of original members 
was about one hundred and fifty; the present number 
is nearly two hundred. The Sabbath school scholars, 
about two hundred in number, are all children attend- 
ing the parochial school. 

The first pastor was Eev. A. Sauvadet, who held 
the position until the year 1878, when he was suc- 
ceeded by Eev. A. Gerardin, the present incumbent. 

ST. I'KOKOP'S (I(OUEMIAN). 

In the year 1872, at the request of the Bohemian 
Eoman Catholics living on the west side, liie Et. Rev. 
Bishop Gilmour granted permission for the erection 
of a church edifice and the establishment of a church 
for the Bohemian Catholics of Cleveland. Soon after 
four lots were j^urchased on Burton street and the 
erection of a house of worship commenced. The 
building was completed and dedicated in 1874 by the 
Very Eev. T. M. Boff, vicar-general. The number of 
families in this society is about two hundred. Eev. 
Joseph M. Koudelka, is i)astor. The school, in con- 
nection witii this society, numbers about one hundred 
and seventy children and is conducted by sisters of 
Notre Uame. 



CHAPTER LIV. 

THE CONGHEGATIONAL CHURCHES. 

The First Congregational— Euclid Avenue Congregational— Plymouth- 
Centennial Welsh Congregational— University Eights— Jit. Zion— 
Welsh Congregational— Harbor Street Mission— Madison Avenue Con- 
gregational—Franklin Avenue Congregational. 

FIRST COXGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

This church was organized December 21, 183-t, in 
pursuance of a resolution adopted at a meeting held 
on the 18th of the same mouth. Rev. John Keep 
was chosen moderator, and thirty-eight names were 
taken of persons disposed to unite with the new church. 
Of these, six are still members, viz: Mrs. Ursula M. 
Taylor, Miss Catharine Taylor (Mrs. Luffkin), Mrs. 



THE CONGREGATIONAL CHUliCIIES. 



260 



Jane McGuire, Miss Esther Tsift (Mrs. Robinson), 
>[iss C. H. Buxton (Mrs. S. H. Sheldon) and Miss 
^^. A. Buxton (Mrs. Skinner). VVIiilc adoi)ting the 
I'resijyterian name and form, the Congregational iniii- 
(:i[ile of annual election was distinctly recognized by 
1 he fhurcli. 

.\ teni|iorai'y house of worship was erected and dedi- 
cated .May 3, 1835. The same day Rev. John Keep 
commenced his pastoral labors. On January 7, 1836, 
he was dismissed, and on November 9, following, 
l\ev. J. I). Pickands took charge, and remained until 
.\|)ril, 183'.l. Meanwhile, in February, 1838, a por- 
tion of the church (forty-four in number) withdrew, 
l)V letter, to organize a Congregational church. In 
tlie summer of 1841 a reunion of tlietwo churclies was 
eU'ectcd on a Congregational-Presbyterian basis, the 
eldership being dispensed with and a committee sub- 
stituted, and the church continuing its connection 
with the presbytery. 

Prior to this reunion. Rev. II. A. Read was chosen 
stated suj>ply, in June, 1830, and served the church 
until October i, 1840. On the 17th of the same month, 
Kev. William P. Russell became the minister, closing 
his labors in April, 1841. With the reunion com- 
menced the pastoral labors of Rev. S. B. Canfield, 
who came with the Congregational church, of which 
he had been pastor, llis ministry closed in the fall 
of 1844. He was succeeded in September by Rev. C. 
L. Watson, whose pastorate lasted till September, 
1848. 

The church, having ceased from 1848 to send dele- 
gates to the presbytery, stood unassociated till October 
18, 18.17, when it voted to send a delegate to the 
('leveland Congregational Conference. 

In December, 1848, Prof. J. A. Thome, of Oberlin 
began his labors as jiastor, although he was not in- 
stalled till February 27, 1856. Under his leadership, 
and prior to the last date mentioned, the society 
built the edifice now occupied on the corner of De- 
troit and State streets. It was dedicated August 14, 
1S51. His labors ceased in July, 1871. Since 1857 
the society has changed its named to " the First Con- 
gregational Church of Cleveland." In April, 1873, 
Rev. S. II. Lee, previously of Greenfield, Massachu- 
setts, entered upon the duties of pastor. He was in- 
stalled June !), 1873. He accepted another call, and 
was dismissed, September 24, 1878. The church 
numbers three hundred and forty-seven members. 
The deacons of the church are J. B. Palmer, S. II. 
Sheldon, W. II. Newton, II. J. Brooks, C. T. Rogers 
and T. S. Newton. 

Kl< LIU AVENUE cONeinEGATIONAL < lUKrll. 

This church was organized November 3(>, 1843. by 
Rev. Dr. S. 0. Aiken and Rev. S. C. Cadv- Nineteen 
persons constituted the society, viz: Cyrus Ford, 
Clarissa Ford, Horace Ford, Horatio C. Ford, Sani- 
uol Cozad, Hetty Ann Cozad, Elizabeth Walters, Ed- 
win Cowles. .Mmena M. Cowles, Jonathan Bowles, 
Samuel F. Baldwin, Lydia Baldwin, Rhoda Clark, 



Cornelius Cookley, Harriet Cookley, Jarvis F. Hanks, 
Charlotte Hanks and Romelia L. Hanks. 

The articles of faith and covenant of the First 
Presbyterian Church of Cleveland were adoj)ted, and 
the infant cliurch was christened the "First Presby- 
terian Church of East Cleveland." Cyrus Ford, 
.lMr\is F. Hanks, and Samuel W. Baldwin were elect- 
ed elders. 

During the wintei' of lS43and the succeeding sum- 
mer, when a preacher could not be secured, Bible 
services were held Sabbath mornings in what was 
known as the "old stone school house," situated in a 
back lot between Republic and Doan streets, near 
Euclid. In the autumn of 1844 the Methodist 
Church was secured, where Bible services with occa- 
sional preaching were held for several months. Dur- 
ing the summer of 1845 Rev. Benjamin Gage fre- 
quently suj)plied the pulpit on Sabbath afternoons. 
In the autumn of 1845 Rev. A. McReynolds — em- 
ployed by the Cleveland presl)ytery as county mis- 
sionary — was given charge of the church, with wliich 
he continued to labor for nearly three years. About 
this time the society occupied the school-room in the 
old "Railroad Hotel," corner of Republic and Euclid 
streets. In the summer of 1846 the foundation was 
laid of the "little brick church," still standing on 
the corner of Doan and Euclid streets. On Septem- 
ber 20, 184!l, the church was dedicated, the building 
costing i)ut three thousand dollars. 

In 1852, on account of the attitude of tiie Presby- 
terian Church toward the institution of slavery, this 
church withdrew from the ])resl)ytery and became an 
inde])endent Presbyterian church, remaining such for 
a few years, until it united with the "Congregational 
Conference of Ohio." On entering the " little brick 
church " there was a large increase in the Sabbath 
congregations, and also in church membership, and 
in 18G5 the church edifice was found too small for 
the accommodation of the worshippers. After free 
discussion a resolution was unanimously passed to 
build again. 

At this time Dr. W. S. Streator generously donated 
the lot on the corner of fjogan and Euclid streets, and 
contrii)uted three thousand dollars toward the erection 
of a new chui-ch edifice. Suliscriptions were raised, 
and the building of the new house began in the spring 
of 1866; it was completed and dedicated January 8, 
1868. In 1872 the small chaiiel in reai- of the main 
building was torn down, and a large and beautiful 
chapel erected, which was dedicated June 8, 1873. 

Again tiie audience room of the churcii wiis found 
too small, and in 1874, by the liberality of Justus L. 
Cozad, it was enlarged, and the sittings increased to 
nearly eleven hundred. The membership of the 
church at its organization, 1843, was nineteen; in 
1846. forty-nine; in 1855, sixty-one; in 1870, one 
humlred and eighty-four; in 1875, four hundred and 
fifty; present membership, six hundred and sixty-five. 

The following have been tlie pastors: Revs. S. C. 
Cody, A. Mclioynolds, C. L. Watson, C. W. Torry, 



370 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



A. D. Biirber, A. M. Richardson, J. E. Twitchell, 
D.D., wlio began his labors in tlie winter of 1869. 
The superintendents of the Sabbath school have been 
J. F. Hanks, who served ten years; Horace Ford, five 
years; Horatio C. Ford, seventeen years; J. W. 
Closke, si.x years. The following are the present 
church officials: Rev. J. E. Twitchell, D.D., pastor; 
Horace Ford, W. H. Doan, J. W. Closke, S. 0. Hale, 
C. M. Preston, E. R. Taylor, deacons; Henry Taylor, 
Julius King, Justin Snow, Henry Ford, Byron Fay, 
church committee; W. H. Doane, Thomas Wilson, 
L. N. Camp, A. Bradley, A. H. Stone, trustees of 
the society; Henry Ford, treasurer of the church; 
H. Clark Ford, treasurer of the society; B. F. Whit- 
man, superintendent of the Sabbath school; S. C. 
Hale, assistant superintendent. 

PLYMOUTH CONGREGATIONAL CHL'RCU. 

This church was organized March 25, 1850, with 
thirty menilters, and ado]>tcd the name of the Third 
Presbyterian Church of Cleveland, standing inde- 
jiendent of other ecclesiastical organizations. A ma- 
jority of the members preferring the Congregational 
oi-der of worship and government, in August, 1852, 
its ecclesiastical polity was changed, and the church 
became "Congregational," adopting the name of 
"The Plymouth Church of Cleveland." 

Tiie place of worshii5 occupied by the church for 
three years from its organization, was the building on 
Wood street, known as the Tabernacle, or Round 
Church. During the summer of 1853 the church 
moved into the edifice erected on the corner of Euclid 
and Erie streets, which was subsequently sold to the 
First Baptist Society of Cleveland, and vacated in the 
si)ring of 1855. For two years thereafter the Wesleyan 
Chapel, on Euclid street near the Park, was occupied 
as a place of worship. In January, 1857, the society 
purchased the building on Prospect street, known as 
the Prospect Street Church, which was enlarged, re- 
modeled, and in November, 1857, dedicated to the 
worship of God. Here the society worshiped for 
fifteen years. Its last meeting in this church was 
July 28, 1872, after which, the Prospect Street Church 
having been sold to the Homeopathic Medical College, 
the society repaired, and until the erection of Ply- 
mouth Chapel occupied, the school house, corner of 
Prospect and Perry streets. The first and dedicatory 
service in Plymouth Chajjcl took place April 2G, 
1874. 

Rev. Edwin H. Nevin was the first pastor, whose 
ministerial labors lasted four years. 

In November, 1854, the Rev. James C. White ac- 
cepted an invitation to suj)ply the jjulpit. He received 
ail unanimous call in the January following to become 
pastor, and was installed in August, 1855. He re- 
signed September 23, 1861. 

The successor of Mr. White was the Rev. Samuel 
Wolcott, D.D., who was installed February 5, 1802, 
and who, after a faithful pastorate of twelve years, 
was dismissed by council February 17, 1874. 



The present pastor. Rev. Charles Terry Collins, was 
installed January 27, 1875. 

The church at present numbers three hundred and 
thirty members. It has a i)rosperous mission chapel 
(Olivet) on Hill street, corner Commercial. In its 
two Sunday schools it has an average attendance of 
nearly five hundred children. The present officers of 
the church and congregation are S. H. Cowell, J. 6. 
W. Cowles, A. F. Holmes and L. M. Pitkin, deacons; 
S. P. Churchill, A. C. Kendel, R. N. Williams and 
the pastor and deacons, ex-officio examining commit- 
tee; Asahel Strong, clerk; S. II. Stilson, treasurer; 
George Hall, A. C. Kendel, J. G. W. Cowles, II. A. 
Tuttle and B. S. Cogswell, trustees; S. P. Churchill, 
superintendent Sunday-school; L. P. Hurlljurd, su- 
perintendent Olivet Sunday-school; E. S. Abell, sex- 
ton. 

CENTENNIAL WELSH CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

This church had its inception in a series of prayer- 
meet ngs held at the house of William E. Jones, at 
Newburg, as early as the year 1858. Prominent 
among the originators of these meetings and the 
subsequent growth and organization as a church 
society were David I., John, Thomas D., George M., 
Evan and William E. Jones and Morgan Harris, and 
their families. 

During this year the church was organized under 
the temporary ministerial service of Rev. D. Davies, 
of Portage county, Ohio, assisted by Rev. Richard 
Richards and George M. Jones, of Newburg. The 
original number of communicants was about twenty. 
Thomas D. and William E. Jones were elected dea- 
cons. 

The first church edifice, a framed building twenty 
by thirty feet, was built on Wales street in 1859, and 
in 1861, on account of rapid increase in the church, 
was enlarged to twice its original dimensions. In 
1862 the Calvinistic Methodist members of theciiurch 
withdrew, and organized a separate church on Can- 
non street. Again, in 1863, the Baptist members 
also established a church on Wire street, and sepa- 
rated themselves from the mother society. These 
losses at the time considerably weakened the church, 
but the vacancy was soon filled, and it has now a 
membership of about one hundred and sixty. 

In 1876 a large and beautiful brick edifice was 
erected on Jones avenue at an expense of sixteen 
thousand dollars. As this was built during the hun- 
dredth year of American indejieudence it was dedi- 
cated as the "Centennial" Welsh Congregational 
Church. 

The several pastors, with their terms of service, 
have been as follows: Rev. Wm. Watkins, 1864; Rev. 
John E. Jones, 1866 to 1870; Rev. Wm. Lewis, 1871 
to 1874; Rev. John Jones, 1875 to 1877; and Uev. 
W. P. Edwards, called 1878. 

The present church officials are Rev. W. P. Ed- 
wards, jiastor; Thomas D. Jones, David I. Jones, 
David F. Lewis, Richard Thomas and Thomas 



TIIK CON(;nK(iATI0NAL CIIUltCTIES. 



Sfl 



Tlionias, deacons; George Russele, David M. Uicli- 
;ir(ls, 'LMionias D. Jones, Rieliard Thomas, David I. 
.lonos, David P. Lewis and Thomas Thomas, trustees; 
'i'homas Thomas, treasurer. 

TllK HVIVICRSITV niOniS CONGUEIiATIONAL CmUl'II 

was organized by a regularly called council on the 
i:Uh day of November, 1859. Tt was originally in- 
t('udc<l that the church should be indeiiendcnt or 
undenominational. Accordingly the council was 
pom])oscd of pastors and delegates from three denom- 
inations, viz.: The First and Plymoutii Congrcga- 
tioiuil. Second Presbyterian and St. Clair street (now 
First.) M. E., churches, while the pastor was a Wes- 
leyan Methodist. It was soon found, however, that 
the church had unconsciously adoi)ted some of the 
leading principles of Congregationalism, and there- 
fore, in 1803, application was made to, and the church 
was received and recognized by, the Cleveland Con- 
gregational Conference. This step placed it in full 
accord with that branch of the church militant. The 
regular services of the church were held for two years 
in a school house on University Iliglits, and for four 
years following in what was then known as the Cleve- 
land Institute. In 18GG the church removed into a 
house of worship erected (of brick) on the corner of 
Jennings avenue and Howard street. This building 
cost nearly sixteen thousand dollars. In 1877 this 
building was enlarged and remodeled at a further ex- 
pense, including furnishing, of over twenty thousand 
dollars. The edifice is now pleasant and commodious, 
cruciform in shape, and has a seating capacity of five 
hundred and fifty. Since organization, with an orig- 
inal membership of thirty-four, the church has had 
ui)on its roll the names of four hundred and twenty- 
six communicants, of which death and dismissals 
leave a membership of two hundred and forty-seven. 

The first officers of the church and society were 
elected November 15, 1859, as follows: Of the church 
— Rev. Wm. II. Brewster, pastor; John G. Jennings 
and Eliphalet C. Parks, deacons; Norman S. Har- 
rington, James Gayton, Ranson F. Ilumiston and 
Brewster Pelton, standing committee; Wm. A. Baker, 
treasurer; John G. Jennings, clerk. Of the society 
— Josiaii G. Graham, president; E. C. Parks, vice 
president; W. W. Wright, R. F. Humiston, James 
Gayton, B. Pelton, F. Judson, trustees; F. Judson, 
treasurer; W. A. Baker, auditor; John G. Jennings, 
clerk. 

Since its organization the church has had but four 
pastors, riz. : Rev. Wm. II. Brewster, from 1859 to 
1808; Rev. T. K. Noble, from 18G9 to 1873; Rev. 
Win. II. Warren, from 1873 to 1875; Rev. Newell M. 
Calhoun, 1870. 

The present officers of the church are as follows: 
Rev. N. JI. Caliioun, pastor; Henry R. Iladlow, 
Charles Buffctt, John G. Jennings, Dr. A. G. Hart, 
deacons; Martin House, Hiram V. Wilson, Stephen 
Owen, standing committee; M. House, treasurer; 
Alex. C. Caskey, Sabbath school superintendent; H. 



V. Wilson, H. S. Allen, assistant superintendents; 
Dr. W. J. Shepi)ard, clerk. Tiie officers of the soci- 
ety are the following: Dr. A. G. Hart, president; 
Isaac P. Lawson, vice president; H. R. Iladlow, S. 
W. Sessions, M. Snider, T. H. Lanison, M. House, 
trustees; II. C. Holt, treasurer; W. J. Slieppard, 
auditor; Charles Buffett, clerk. 

MT. ZION CONGREOATIONAL cnURCn 

was organized on Sunday, September 11, 1804, t)y a 
council called lor the purjjose at Plymouth Congre- 
gational Church. The early organization consisted 
of nineteen members. Mt. Zion was the first Congre- 
gational church organized amiing colored people in 
the West. 

The first meetings were held from house to house; 
afterward in Richards' Hall. Finally, in the spring 
of 1805, a lot was bought on Erie street, near Web- 
ster, and the erection of a house of worship was com- 
menced. After a long attempt to pay for the Ijuild- 
ing, they were compelled to dispose of it by sale in 
1873, and purchased with the proceeds the present 
building and lot on Majjlo street, near Garden. The 
size of the lot is fifty feet by one hundred and seven; 
that of the building, forty feet by sixty. This church 
has had three regular pastors: jRev. J. H. Muse, 
installed December 3, 1804; Rev. C. E. Ruddick, in 
September, 1875; Rev. A. J. DeHart, in January, 
1878. 

The church is now in a prosperous conditon, and 
numbers about one hundred and fifty-seven commu- 
nicants. The Sunday school numbers one hundred 
and seven scholars. The following are the present 
officials: Rev. A. J. De Ilart, pastor; Samuel Sutton, 
Gad Worthington, Stephen Wright, Andrew Tolbert, 
deacons; S. L. Freeman, J. R. Warren, William 
McCoy, trustees; Mason Brown, clerk; David Kayner, 
treasurer. 

THE WELSH rONOKEOATIONAL Clirucir 

was organized on the 9th day of October, 1^70, at 
Bethel Hall, with twenty-two members. The cler- 
gymen officiating in the services were Rev. D. Davis, 
(Dewi Emlyn) Rev. C. N. Pond, A. M., of Oberlin, 
Mr. Isaac Hughes, student, of the same place. The 
following persons were duly elected and installed in 
their different offices: Rev. John JI. Evans, pastor; 
.Iiishua Enoch and John D. Edwards, deacons; Price 
II. .Jacob, secretary; John Thomas, treasurer. 

In 1873 the society moved from Bethel to a hall in 
tiie Atwater Block, with twenty-eight members and 
twenty families. At this time Elias Thomas was in- 
■stalled as deacon. On the removal of John D. Ed- 
wards to another city, Kinery Griffiths was chosen 
secretary and Elias Thomas elected treasurer. 

In the j'car 1873 the society moved to Temperance 
Hall with about tiiirty-two members. In February, 
1878, Temjierance Hall was vacated and the meetings 
were and still are held in a dwelling ou the West Side. 



272 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



HARBOR STREET MISSION (dARE MEMORIAL CHURCH.) 

The Mission Chapel, dh Harhnr street, was ovgan- 
izcrl in the year 1873. It was completed ami dedi- 
cated in May, 1874, under the auspices of the First 
Congregational Church, and named "The Dare Me- 
morial Church," in honor of the lady who gave the 
land on which the edifice was built. The cost of the 
building was five thousand dollars. Rev. S. B. Ship- 
man was called to take charge of the mission and 
continued about two years. This mission is now 
under the charge of, and to a great extent supported 
by, the First Congregational Church Society. The 
First Church also provides a pastor for the mission. 

MADISON AVENUE CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

The present house of worship of tliis society was 
built mainly by members of the Euclid Avenue Con- 
gregational Church, and used as a mission chapel until 
July, 1875, when the church was regularly organized 
with twenty-two members. Rev. 0. D. F'isher was 
called to the pastorate, which position he still re- 
tains. The church edifice is built of wood, thirty- 
five by sixty-eight feet in size, and is situated on the 
corner of East Madison avenue and Quiucy street. 
The first church officers were J. B. Taylor, S. Biddle, 
S. Beckwith, deacons; Mrs. M. A. Loomis, clerk. First 
officers of the society: S. Beckwith, J. B. Taylor, J. 
Anderson, trustees; S. Biddle, treasurer; J. Elliott, 
clerk. The present church and society officers are 
Rev. 0. D.Fisher, pastor; S. Biddle, S. Beckwith, 
R. Mylchrist, deacons; J. Anderson, S. Biddle, B. P. 
Boner, trustees; R. N. Cain, treasurer; Mrs. M. A. 
Loomis, clerk. 

The Sabbath school, nunil)ering about two hun- 
dred and thirty scholars, was organized in 1875 under 
the suiwrinteudence of B. F. Whitman. 

THE FRANKLIN AVENUE CONGREGATIONAL CIirUCH 

was organized November 21, 187G. Its chapel, sit- 
uated on the corner of Franklin avenue and Waverly 
street, had been used for several years before as a mis- 
sion Sabbath school of the First Congregational 
Church. Fourteen members of that church Joined 
with sixteen others for the purpose of organizing the 
now church, making thirty original memliers. Rev. 
S. B. Shipman, who had labored with the mission for 
a few months, was employed as pastor. 

The present number of members is seventy; num- 
ber in the Sabbath school, two hundred and fifty. 
The present officials are Rev. S. B. Shipman, pastor; 
D. Holt and J. Burlison, deacons; J. Overholt, clerk; 
J. Carlisle, treasurer; L. L. Ilaskins, superintendent 
of the Sabbath school. 



CHAPTER LV. 

EVANGELICAL* AND OTHER CHTJROHES. 

SchifHein Christi— Salem of Evangelical Association — Zion— Trinity— 
Zion of Evangelical Association— St. Paul's— Calvary of Evangelical 
Association — United German Protestant — Emmanuel of Evangelical 
Association— Zion German Evangelical — First German United Protes- 
tant—Trinity Evangelical — Friedenskirche— Trinity Evan. Prot. — St- 
John's — Anshe Chesed— Tifereth Israel- R'ue Yeshurun — Beth Israel 
— Chebra Kadisha— Aushe Emeth— First, Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth 
and Sixth German Reformed C'hurches — Ebenezer liible Christian 
Church — Bible Christian (Eighteenth Ward) — First and Second 
Churches of United Brethren — Church of God — First Reformed (Hol- 
land)— True Dutch Reformed— Free Dutch Reformed— The Friends- 
Church of the Unity— The Spiritualists - New Jerusalem Church — Mis 
cellaneous. 

SCHIFFLEIN CHRLSTI CHURCH. 

In the year 1834 there were but fifteen German 
families in Cleveland. These joined and organized 
the church then known as the German Evangelical 
Protestant Church. The organization was accom- 
plished, and early meetings were held, in the old 
Bethel building between Water street and the Supe- 
rior street hill. The meetings, with preaching by Rev. 
John Frederick Tanka, were conducted every third 
Sunday until May, 183G, when the society moved to 
what was known as the Third Ward School on St. 
Clair street. In 1838 it again moved to an u))per 
room on Superior street, between Seneca and Bank 
streets, but remained in this place only one year. In 
1839 it removed to Ross Block, on the corner of 
Superior and Seneca streets, which was occui>ied by 
the society until August 1, 1841. 

During the years prior to 1841 the society had pur- 
chased a lot on the corner of Hamilton and Erie 
streets at a cost of five hundred and fifty dollars, and 
erected thereon a church edifice at an expense of five 
thousand five hundred and fifty dollars. The first 
services were held in this edifice in August, 1841, 
and the edifice dedicated as the "Schiffiein Christi'' 
(Ship of Christ) Church. In the summer of 1877 
the society dedicated the elegant brick church edifice 
now occupied by them on the corner of Superior and 
Dodge streets. This was built during the years 
187()-7, and cost nearly thirty-five thousand dollars. 
The pastors since 1834 have been as follows: Revs. 
John F. Tanka, William Busey, Edward Allard 
assisted by Theodore Stenmoar, William Schmitt, 
Frederick Poriiss, Benjamin Ficth, Henry Schorsteu, 
Charles Mueneh, Otto Telle. The church has one 
hundred and eighty members, and a Sabbath school 
of two hundred scholars under the superintendence 
of Rev. Otto Telle. 



"There are fifteen churches in Cleveland, all German, bearing the 
appellation of " Evangelical." They do not all belong to the same de- 
nomination, but there is a general similarity in their creeds, and we 
have found it impracticable to arrange them otherwise than under the 
general head of "Evangelical.'' They are the tlrst fifteen of this chapter. 



EVANGELICAL AND OTHER CHURCHES. 



273 



The present cimrcli officials are Rev. Otto Telle, 
li;isf,or; (feorgo Angel, John Len(]>', John Leading, 
('hrist Kleinschrodt, August llohnor, George Kuhn, 
A(him Wiigiicr, Christian Ebert, Henry Kerschner, 
.Idhn Riedel. William Hill, Jacol) Kirsch, trustees. 

Tiie SchilHoin Christi is the oldest German church 
in Cleveland, and the one from wiiich have grown all 
other German Evangelical churches in the city. 

SALKM CHURCH (OFTItK EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION.) 

This church was organized in the year 1840, 
through the efforts of two (ierman families, by the 
name of Schemerer, father and son. The first ser- 
vices were conducted by a circuit preacher named 
Stroch, and in the following spring Cleveland was 
made a mission. A house of worship was built near 
the lake and dedicated as Salem church of the Evan- 
gelical Association. In 184.5 the building was re- 
moved to a more suitable location, the corner of Erie 
and Eagle streets. In a short time the old church 
was torn down and the substantial brick edifice erected 
now in use. Out of this, the mother church, have 
grown four others in the cit}', one a station and the 
others prosperous missions. The church has a mem- 
bership of one hundred and twenty-three, and a Sab- 
bath school under the charge of G. Kouig. 

The officers of the church are G. Konig, M. Lillig, 
Henry Zimmerman, II. Koch (secretary), G. Knipple 
(treasurer), trustees. The succession of missionaries 
has been Revs. L. Einsell, II. Ileiss, N. (Jeho, — 
Trubel, P. Nicolai, C. G. Koch, G. F. Spreug, J. 
G. Zinser, J. Watz, J. P. Schnatz, Job Watz, John 
Bernhardt, L. Seheuernumn, J. (J. Pheuffer, G. W. 
Fisher, B. L. JIueller, L. Scheuerman, C. Hammer, 
(J. Theuer, A. Mueller, C. G. Koch, J. G. Theuer, 
C. F. Negele and A. Bornheimer. 



ZION ClIUKCIl (EVAXliELICAL LITIIERAN, V. A, 



<■•) 



Zion jiarish was organized in April, 1843, and 1). 
Schuh called ;us pastor. In 1845, Mr. Schuh having 
resigned, August Schmidt became the pastor of Zion 
parish, and continued in office until succeeded by 
Rev. U. C. Schwan, the present incumbent. This 
was in August, 18.51. From that time the parish 
has continually increased, nnndjering at present over 
twelve hundred communicjints. 

The present large and commodious house of wor- 
ship was comi)lctcd and consecrated in 1807. It 
stands on the corner of Erie and Bolivar streets. 
Connected with Zion church is Zion chapel, corner of 
Superior street and Willson avenue, haviug a member- 
ship of two hundred and forty, attended by Rev. Paul 
Schwan. The ])resent officials of Zion church are 
Rev. Henry C. Schwan; l?ev. Paul Schwan, assistant 
pastor. 

TKIMTV CHI itcil (EVANCK.I.ICAI, MTIIEIIAN, f.A.C.) 

Trinity p.irish was formed from Zion cluirch in 
18.53, and I. ('. \V. Lindeman called as pastor. Early 
in lSii4 the venerable Kriederich Wynekcn was chosen 



pastor of Trinity, which has since continued to grow 
in sti-ength and influence. At present the num})erof 
communicants is over fourteen hundred. The large 
and handsome church building, situated on Jersey 
street, between Lorain and Chatham streets, was 
erected and dedicated in 1873. 

Trinity chapel, situated on the corner of Seranton 
and Seymour avenues, is a branch of Trinity church. 

The officials of Trinity at the present time are Rev. 
J. II. Niemann, pastor; Rev. II. Weseloh, assistant 
pastor; E. H. Brinker, J. H. Nolte, W. Walker. Fr. 
Fahle, G. Walker, J. II. Hemann, G. Albers, E. II. 
Schulte and Fr. Reese, wardens and trustees. 

ZION CHURCn OF THE EVANCELICAL ASSOCIATION. 

This parish was organized as a mission in the month 
of May, 185f), with eight members, among whom 
were M. Brodbeck. Barbara Brodbcck, Abram Stol- 
ler, Louisa Stoller, II. Peter and Mary Peter. The 
Ohio conference of the Evangelical Association estab- 
lished the mission, and ajjpointed the Rev. J. Watz 
to do the pastoral work. In 1857 the number of mem- 
bers had increased to forty-five. In 1872 the old 
church edifice, previously used, was removed, and the 
present building erected, thirty-two by fifty feet in 
dimensions, at a cost of two thousand five hundred 
dollars. The mission has at present fifty-five mem- 
bers. The Sabbath school has sixty scholars. 

The following missionaries have had charge since 
185G: Revs. J. Watz, M. Hang, R. Matt, C. F. 
Behner, C. Tramer, L. Schemennan, Wm. Schmidt, 
Geo. Hasenpflug, Fred. Zeller, J. G. Pfeuffer, G. Hein- 
rich, J. D. Seip, C. Kimzli and C. Hammer. The 
present officials are Rev. C. Hammer, missionary; .1. 
G. Koenig and C. Rehn, leaders; Jacob Emerick, 
treasurer. The same persons are also stewards. 

ST. pail's (evan(jelical united). 

Previous to 1857 two congregations ^n'ofcssed the 
faith of the Evangelical United Church, and wor- 
shiped — one up town, and the other down town; in 
that year they agreed to make a junction and organize 
a church. The church was organized by Rev. Mr. 
Steiner, and attached to the Evangelical Synod of the 
West. Services were at first held in a public hall, but 
after a brief space a church was built on Greenwood 
street, which latter was in 1870 replaced by the fine 
brick edifice at the corner of Scovill avenue and 
Greenwood street, known us St. Paul's. The pastors 
of the church have been Rev. Messrs. Steiner, Gro- 
emlein, Young. Bank, Zeller and W. H. Bncttner. 
The latter was the pastor in August, 1870, when tlie 
congregation of St. Paul's included one hundred and 
twenty families. 

CAI.\ AltV cm liCII (EVAXliELICAL ASSOCIATION). 

This church was organized in the spring of 1802, 
under the auspices of the Pittsburg Conference. 
Hcv. S. F. Crowther was n])pointed as the first ])astor. 
The society was afterwards transferred to the Ohio 



2U 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Conference. In 1862 a committee, appointed for the 
purpose, purchased a lot on the corner of Kinsman 
street (now Woodland avenue) and Perry street. In 
1863 the present church edifice was completed; a 
l^lain structure of brick, with a basement and prayer- 
meeting rooms. The building is forty-two by seventy 
feet in size. The parsonage is in the rear and on the 
same lot. 

The society was duly incorporated in 186-1, John 
Eobertson, T. G. Clewell, John A. Worlcy, James 
Ward and E. Yeakel being named as trustees in the 
act of incorporation. 

The following have been successively appointed 
pastors of this church: Rev. S. P. Crowcher, 18G2 to 
1864; Rev. William Whittington, 1864 to 1868; Rev. 
Hiram Lougbrake, 1868 to 1869; Rev. H. F. S. 
Sichley, 186!) to 1871; Rev. William Whittington, 
again, 1871 to 1872; Rev. George W. Miesse, 1873 to 
1874; Rev. Jesse Lerch, 1874 to 1876; Rev. Samuel P. 
Spreng, the present pastor, since April, 1876. 

UNITED GERMAN CHURCH (EVANGELICAL 
PROTESTANT.) 

This church, now in charge of Rev. H. C. Fack, 
was organized about 1860, and includes in its congre- 
gation near one hundred and fifty families. The 
house of worship, a fine brick structure, is at the cor- 
ner of Bridge and Kentucky streets, west side. 

EMMANUEL CHURCH OF EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION. 

The early meetings of this society were held in a 
grove and school-house on the south side, from 1862 to 
1864; then a chapel was built on Jennings avenue, 
twenty-eight by forty in size, under the charge of 
Rev. L. Scheuermann, pastor of Salem church. Soon 
after this, and during the year 1864, an organization 
was effected, with John Herr, Jac. Weith and George 
Becker as trustees. In 1866 Rev. J. K. Pontius suc- 
ceeded to the pastorate, and remained until 1868. 

In 1873 a new church edifice was commenced. The 
building was completed and dedicated January 25, 
1874. The edifice is a framed building, in size forty- 
six by sixty-five feet, with a spire one hundred and 
fifteen feet in hight. 

The society numbers at present one hundred and 
forty communicants, and has a Sabbath school with 
one huiulred and sixty-two scholars. Since the retire- 
ment of Rev. Mr. Pontius, the following have had pas- 
toral charge of the society: Revs. George Hasenpflug, 
G. F. Spreng, J. D. Scip, J. G. Theuer, M. Guhl. 

The present officers are Rev. J. D. Seip, j)astor; 
Ch. Shur, I. Frerighs, Ch. Ileurigi, stewards; John 
Buck, John Becker, Jr., Charles Buck, Ch. Heurigi, 
D. Watdomeier, trustees. 

ZION'S CHURCH (GERMAN EVANGELICAL.). 

Zion's Church, on University Hights, located at 
the corner of Jennings and Branch avenues, was or- 
ganized in the year 1867. Tlie qhurch edifice, a frame, 
formerly stood on Pelton avenue, and was removed to 



its present location. The first pastor of the church 
was Rev. A. Baur, called in October, 1867, who re- 
mained until August, 1868. Rev. G. Boohest was 
next called, who continued till November, 1871. Rev. 
0. Shetler served as pastor from then until August, 
1878. Tiie society numbers about four hundred fam- 
iles, one hundred of whom are church members. 
Connected with the church is a Sabbath school, hav- 
ing an average attendance of two hundred and fifty. 
This church forms a part of the German Evangelical 
Synod of North America. Rev. Albert Klein is the 
present pastor. 

FIRST GERMAN UNITED EVANGELICAL PROTESTANT 
CHURCH. 

This church is located on the corner of Ohio and 
Erie streets, and was, in the year 1868, purchased l)y 
Nicholas Heisel, Henry Keller and John C. Wagner 
from the Erie Street Baptist society for the sum of 
814,500. The First German church was organized on 
the 21st day of March, 1869, with Rev. AVm. Schmidt, 
pastor. On the 20th of October, 1869, the church 
was legally incoi'porated, the following gentlemen lie- 
ing named as trustees and officers: Charles Wal)el, 
president; Fred Hamm, secretary; John C. Wagner, 
treasurer; N. Ileiscl, II. Keller, J. G. Denzel, C. Koe- 
neck, H. Schmidt, John Rock, P. Schuethelm, J. 
Hoffman and F. Bnrgart, trustees. 

On July 1, 1871, N. Heisel, H. Keller and J. C. 
Wagner deeded the church, for fourteen thousand 
five hundred dollars, to the church corporation. At 
present the society numbers about two hundred 
persons, one hundred of whom are members. The 
following are the present officials: Rev. F. Len- 
schau, jiastor (since October 25, 1874); John Rock, 
president; John C. Wagner, secretary and treas- 
urer; C. Koelder, P. Hill, H. A. Heimsath, J. Wit- 
zel, G. Boejiide, L. Schuerer, G. Fix, Gottfried Saal, 
E. Hill and .1. I'ijier, trustees. 

TIUNITY EVANGELICAL CHURCH. 

This church, at no time very strong, includes now 
twenty-eight members and has existed since 1872. 
The place of worship is on East Madison avenue. 
The pastor is Rev. S. J. Gamertsfelder. 

FRIEDENSKIRCHE (EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION). 

The Friedcnskirche (Church of Peace) was organ- 
ized as a mission in 1873, with L. C. Eggert as ex- 
horter; Charles Fistler, class-leader; S. Biel, C. Fist- 
ler and L. C. Eggert, trustees. A chapel, twenty- 
eight by forty feet, was built in the fall of 1873, under 
the sujiervision of Rev. J. G. Theuer, and dedicated 
in Doceml)ei' following. In May, 1874, Rev. Mr.Thcuer 
was succeeded by Rev. W. W. Orwig, who remained 
until March, 1876, when Rev. C. F. Negcle was called 
to the pastorate. 

At the time of the formation of the Erie Confer- 
ence, in 1875, this church was set off to that organiza- 
tion from the Ohio Conference, to which it had previ- 



EVANGELICAL AND OTHER CHURCHES. 



275 



ously belonged, and Rer. A. Bornheimer assigned to 
tlie iitislorate. Ho remained until Marcl), 1877, when 
Rev. J. D. Seip, the present pastor, was called. 

The chnreli iiunibers at present seventy communi- 
cants, and has a Sunday school with one hundred and 
twenty scholars. 

The present otlicial board consists of (I. Bidling- 
nicier, class-leader; S. Biol, S. Seitli, G. Bidlingmeier, 
stewards; C. Fistlcr, S. Biel, S. Gruhl, G. Bidling- 
meier, trustees. 

TKiNiTY (.'iiriicii (evangelical pkotestant) 

is a flourishing organization, and has a fine house of 
worship at the corner of Case avenue and Superior 
struct. Rev. August Kimmel is the present })astor. 

ST. .John's ciiukch (oeumax evanoelkal 

LUTHERAN.) 

'i'he mcnilicrs of the Zion Lutheran church i-esiding 
ill file vicinity of the Newbnrg district, desiring a 
place of worship nearer their homes, organized St. 
.)i)lnrs church in 1878, and directly thereafter built a 
churcii edifice on Bessemer avenue. The membership, 
which was at first seventy, had risen in a twelvemonth 
Id one hundred and twenty. Rev. August Dankworth, 
wlio was called to the pastorate at the church organ- 
ization, still occupies it. The deacons of the church 
arc Oscar Schmidt and Frederick Huppensack; the 
trustees are II. Briiiis, H. Thies and IL I'oesa. 

ansue chesed congregation (hebkew). 

Tliis society was organized in 1840, in Farmer's 
Block, corner of Ontario and Prospect streets, with 
about twenty-live members. Mr. Seligman Stern was 
tiic first reader and minister, and the late Joseph 
Knglehart was tlie first president. The congregation, 
oil account of rapid growth, found it necessary to 
build a house of worship. A lot was selected on 
I'^agle street, between Erie street and Woodland ave- 
nue, and a synagogue was completed in 1848. Since 
then it has twice beeu rebuilt and enlarged. Li 1874 
the (lid prayer-book, used for centuries among the 
Israelites, was changed for another more in con- 
t'onnity with the spirit of the present age, though the 
Hebrew language is still, with but few exceptions, 
retained in the prayers, while the sermons are deliv- 
ered alternately in German and English. 

The congregation is at present in a flourishing con- 
dition, counting about one hundred and fifty mem- 
bers, with a Sabbath school of one hundred and 
twenty-five scholars. The following have been the 
ral)bis since Mr. Stern: Rev. A. Lehman, until 1848; 
Rev. Mr. Fuld, 1848 to 1856; Rev. Dr. Kalisch, 1850 
to 1859; Rev. Mr. Bing, 1859 to 1801; Rev. Mr. 
Liepman, 1801 to 1803; Rev. G. M. Cohn, 1803 to 
1875; Rev. Dr. M. Machol, the present rabbi, installed 
March 1, 1870. 

The following are the present otKcials: Rev. Dr. 
.M. Machol, rabbi; S. Newmark, president; L Rein- 
tlial, vice-president; II. Blahd, treasurer; S. M. 



Goldsmith, secretary; A. Becker, A. Foil, M. Halle, 
1. Levy, Marx, L New, S. Skall, F. Strauss, J. Wer- 
theimer and L Wolf, trustees. 

TlFEliKTH ISKAKl. I'ONGUEGATION (HEHUEW). 

This congregation was established in Cleveland, on 
orthodox principles, in 1854, by a learned rabbi. Rev. 
M. Kalish, the first minister. The early services 
were held in a hall on Sui)erior street, until the 
society received a legacy from the late Judah Touro, 
of New Orleans, amounting to six thousand dollars. 
With this the society built the synagogue now occu- 
pied by them on Huron street. The congregation, 
organized with a membership of twenty persons, now 
numbers one hundred members. The successive min- 
isters have been Revs. M. Kalish, Jacob Cohn, Dr. I. 
Mayer and Dr. A. Ilahn, the present incumbent. 
This congregation has always been an ardent advocate 
of Judaism, and ranks with the most radical reform 
congregations in the country. 

h'NE YESHUKUN CON«HE(iATION (HUNGAHIAN IIE- 
liliEW). 

This congregation was organized about ISii'.i, and, 
for a time, met for public worship in Halle's Hall, on 
Superior street. In 1877 a removal was made to No. 
71, Michigan street, (the old German theater build- 
ing), which has since then been used. The congrega- 
tion numbers about forty members, but is comjiosed 
of poor people, and is far from strong. Rev. E. M. 
Kline, who was chosen jiastor in 1875, still serres, 
and jireaches every Saturday. Tiie church trustees 
are L. Berger and H. Sanipliner. 

BETH ISRAEL IIIEISKA KADISIIA CONGREGATION 
(IIEHREW). 

This Hebrew congregation was organized in 1874 
with but a handful of members, who have since in- 
creased to thirty-five. The placeof worship is on Hill 
street. The trustees are J. Harris, L. Bialosky and 
B. Goldman. The pastor is Rev. Pjlias Rothschild. 
A division in the ranks of the Beth Israel (Jliebra 
Kadisha in 1870 resulted in the creation of a congre- 
gation known as 

ANSIIE EMETII. 

There are but twenty members of this congrega- 
tion, who worship in a hall on Broadway, under the 
direction of Rev. Henry Bernstein. 

FIRST REFORMED ( IIIRCH (GERMAN). 

The First Reformed Church was organized in 1848 
through the efforts of a lay member, Mr. F. G. Kauf- 
holtz, and was served by him until his death in 1800. 
So great wa.s his zeal for the welfare of the Germans 
around him that, although only a day laborer, he out 
of his own savings built a house of worship, the First 
(iermaii Church, on the West Side. The organiza- 
tion remained independent until the year 1800, when 
a call was extended to Rev. H. J. Ruetenick, who 
succeeded in uniting the clnirch with the Reformed 



276 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Synod. Under his pastoral charge a new church was 
built in 1863. In 1870, Rev. F. Forwick was called 
to the pastorate, in which he still remains. A. Close 
is tlie present secretary; H. Wolfkamni tlie treasui-er. 

SKLOND REFORMED CHTRCH (GERMAN). 

This church is a branch of the First Kefoi'med, and 
was organized in the year 1863 under the jiastoral 
care of Rev. H. J. Ruetenick, of that church, on ac- 
count of the rapid growth of his congregation. The 
present pastor is Rev. J. C. Young. 

TUIRD REFORMED CHURCH (GERMAN). 

This society, an offshoot of the First German Re- 
formed Church, was organized in 1868. Tlie church 
edifice was built at a cost of one thousand and fifty 
dollars, at 194 Aaron street, and dedicated October 4, 
1868; the cliurch liaving then but ten members. The 
membership at present numbers one hundred and 
forty-five; the SabbatJi school has an attendance of 
one hundred and fifty. The pastors have been Revs. 
Nathaniel Rutenich, 1868-71 ; Paul Schuelke, 1871-74; 
Carl Gnstav Zipf, present incumbent. 

FOURTH REFORMED CUUUCII (GERMAN). 

The Fourth Reformed congregation was organized 
on the 10th day of December, 1873, at the i-esidence 
of John Jacob Grebel. Rev. U. Trautman was cho- 
sen president; Christian Diehm, secretary. John 
Jacob Grebel and John A. Scherzer were elected eld- 
ers; Albert Pretzer, Christian Diehm, Chr. Sau])e 
and n. Rehburg, deacons. The same otHcers consti- 
tute the board of trustees. Rev. H. Trautman was 
chosen minister. On the 1st of February, 1873, two 
lots on Louis sti'eet with a house were purchased, to 
be used as a parsonage, at a cost of two tliousand 
eight hundred dollars. In the spring of 1873 a 
framed church edifice, thirty-two by sixty feet in di- 
mensions, was constructed, at an expense of three 
thousand dollars. The building was dedicated Au- 
gust 17, 1873; the church numbering at that time 
forty-eight communicants. In 1875 the membership 
had increased to ninety-six, since wliich time there 
have been no material additions. The congregation 
is composed of Germans, and tlie service is conducted 
in their language. 

FIFTH REFORMED CHURCH ((iERMAN). 

The Fifth Reformed Church had its origin in the 
First Church in the early part of 1873, several fami- 
lies being dismissed from the First Church society for 
the purpose of organizing the church. The church 
edifice is situated on Higgins street, near Clark 
avenue. Rev. J. J. Weiss was chosen as the first 
jiastor, and continued until succeeded recently by tlie 
present incumbent, Rev. W. Brauu. The church is 
yet supported by the Board of Home Missions. 

SIXTH REFORMED CHURCH (GERMAN). 

This church was organized in 1877, by members of 
the Second Reformed Society. The place of worshi]! 



is on Henry street. The society was endowed witli 
a neat chapel on Broadway by Mr. B. Sturm, and is 
under the jiastoral charge of Rev. A. E. Schade. 

EBENEZER lilBLE CHRISTIAN CHURCH. 

This was organized in 1852, at the residence of Mr. 
Josiah Venning, on Orange street. In 1853 a small 
framed church was built at the corner of Irving and 
Orange streets, which was replaced by the ])resent 
brick edifice in I860. 

The first trustees were Josiah Venning, Waltei' 
Ayers, James Rabone, G. H. Hill, James Gill and 
Geo. Newman. 

The names of the pastors in the order of their ser- 
vice are Revs. John Chapi)le, Joseiih lloidge, W. R. 
Roach, William Hooper, M. Pett, (i. llaycraft, John 
Pinch, J. T. Sencalmugh, W. Hodnett, W. C. Beer, 
R. T. Courtice, S. Jolliffe, H. J. Nott. 

The present trustees are Josiah Venning, John 
Collacott, James Gill, William Morrish, John W. 
Keetch, Samuel Taylor and James Reece. 

The jtresent number of communicants is one hun- 
dred and four. Tlie number of scholars in the Sun- 
day school is one hundred and forty. 

lilBLE CHRISTIAN CHURCH (EIGHTEENTH WAKD). 

This church was organized in 1872 with twentv 
members, and for a while was obliged to worship in 
public halls. At length tiie Methodist Church edi- 
fice was purchased, and in that building services have 
since been held. Rev. Wm. Hodnett organized tiie 
church; afterwards the preachers were Revs. John 
Ball, George Copeland, James Reece, Herman More 
and H. J. Nott. Mr. Nott is pastor of Ebenezer 
Cliurch, on Orange street, and supplies the jiulpit at 
Newburg in tlie absence of a regular jiastor. 

The members now number fifty, the present trus- 
tees being Jolin Barrabel, James Chinnock, Steitlien 
Gifford and John Snell. 

FIRST CHURCH OF THE UNITED BRETHREN (gERMAN). 

This was organized in March, 1854. William 
Krumweide, John Viets, Jacob Reese, Chr. Gutt and 
Peter Oflermann comprised the original board of trus- 
tees. Services were held in the edifice of the English 
Church of the United Brethren until the year 1861, 
when a lot was secured, and a building erected on 
Lorain street. This edifice was dedicated during the 
same year by Bishop II. Kumber. In 1864 this prop- 
erty was sold, and another lot bought on the corner 
of Peach and Orchard streets, upon which a larger 
building of brick was erected at a cost of eight thous- 
and dollars, to accommodate the rapidly increasing 
society. The following is the succession of pastors 
with their respective terms of service. E. Licht, 
from 1855 to 1857; B. Frillmann, 1857; E. Licht, 
1858; H. C. Crom, 1859; C. F. Eckert, 1860 to 1862; 
G. Backer, 1862 to 1864; C. Sclineider, 1864 to 1866; 
E. Lorenz, 1866 to 1868; C. Streich, 1868 to 1871; 
M. Bussdicker, 1871; A. Krause, 1872 to 1876; J. 
Earnest, 1876 to 1878. 




^^^^—C^L'^-'^^^K-A^ c/i' C 



c52X-'2--?.xi<r C7^ Cl--^^^7-^}-^!,-z--yy 



EVANf;KLI(JAL AND OTHER CHURCHES. 



Ill 



The present church officials are Rev. J. Sick, pas- 
tor; Rev. J. Welti, local preacher and class leader; 
,)(ilin Worth, C. F. Boest, John Leninnrnuinn, Frcd'k. 
lu'indlleisch and Henry Reindllciscli, trnstees; Frcd'k. 
I'olk'r, Sunday-sciiool superintendent. 

SICCONU CHUKIlI OK THE INITEI) liUETUItEN (ciEli- 

man). 
Tiie Second is an outgrowth of tlie First Church 
of tlie United Brethren, and was organized in 1874. 
The society soon erected a church edifice of wood at 
the junction of Elton and Dudley .streets, west side, 
wiiich is so constructed as to contain a pastoral 
residence in the rear part, and cost two tiiousand 
live iuindred dollars. This church was mainly sup- 
ported by the society of the First Church, and was at- 
tended by its pastor and local jireachers until tlie con- 
ference of 1877, when it was made independent. 
Uev. Jacob Scholler was assigned to the pastorate by 
the conference at this time, as a missionary, and still 
continues as such. ]5enjaniin Seifried, Jacob Welti 
and Michael I'rechter are trustees. Tlie Sabbath 
school, under charge of Benjamin Seifried, 1ms eighty 
scholars. 

tllUKCH OF (!U1>. 

This congregation (professing the faith that all 
people should be of one church and that church the 
Church of Cod,) was organized about 1800, and from 
(hat time to the present has worshiped in public 
balls — its present place of meeting for devotional ])ur- 
posos being at the corner of Case and Woodland 
avenues. The niembershi}) now numbers seventy, 
tlie elders being L. C. Cattell, John Jones and J. A. 
Morgan. The church is at present without a pastor. 

FIRST UEFOHMEl) CIILKCU (llol LAN I)). 

The society just named was organized by thoClassis 
of (JenevaJune 10, 18(U, at which time the church 
nu'mbership was fifty-six — the rules of government 
ln'ing the constitution and general rules of the Dutch 
Ik'formed Church in America. The first house of 
worship was erected on Scovill avenue; in 1875 
it was succeeded by the present church Iniilding 
on IMair street. The first minister was Ruv. A. K. 
Kasse; the present one is Rev. A. Wormser. The 
membership numbered about two hundred in August, 
187!). 

THE TlUE DLTCH KEI'OUMEI) (IHUI H 

on Calvert street, east side, was organized in 1873, by 
seceders from the First (Holland) Reformed Church 
on Blair street. Its membership is forty, and its 
preachers are supplied by the Reformed Church of 
Michigan. 

THE FUEE DUTCH REFOILMEH CHI K( H. 

This is another congregation of I lolhindri's, which 
was organized in 1875, and has now a nieniliership of 
sixty. It meets on Waverly street on the west side. 
I'ull)i( supplies are |)rovided by the cliiirch in Mi- 
cliijjan. 



THE FKIENDiS CHURCH. 

The first members of the Society of Friends, known 
to have settled in Cleveland, were James Farmer and 
wife, who came in the year 18.56. For several years 
they observed the usual hour of worship in the parlor 
of their house. Other families of like belief coming 
to the city, a chapel was rented, in which temporary 
services were conducted in accordance with the ortho- 
do.x principles of the society. In 187-1 a house of 
worship was built on Cedar avenue near Sterling, at a 
cost of ten thousand dollars. Meetings are held there 
each Sunday and Wednesday. No regular minister 
is employed, but the society has four resident preach- 
ers, three of whom are women. They are David 
Tatum, Meribah Farmer, Theodute S. Pope, Hannah 
B. Tatum. The elders are James Farmer, Albert 
French and Mary Stackpole. 

CHURCH OF THE UNITY (UNUIARIAN). 

This, the only Unitarian society in Cuyahoga 
county, was organized February 1, 18(!7, after earnest 
and protracted ctforts. At the first meeting thirty- 
five i)ersons took part, and wilJi such interest that, 
although its adherents were few in number, the suc- 
cess of the project was assured. The trustees elected 
at the organization were Rodney dale, S. A. Jewett, 
B. F. Robinson, Ceorge 0. Baslington and John II. 
Uinlerwood. 

Rev. T. B. Forbush was secured as the first pastor, 
and services were held in Case Hall every Sunday. 
The society prospered fairly until 1875, when it lan- 
guished, and for three years no public worship was 
held. In 1878, however, there was a strong revival of 
interest, and the society set out upon a renewed career 
which has led thus far to bright and cheering i-esults. 
Weisgerber's Hall, at the corner of Prospect and 
Brownell streets, is now used as a place of worship, 
and near there the society is erecting a commodious 
stone church edifice whicli will cost about ten thous- 
and dollars. Rev. F. L. llosmer, the second pastor 
of the church, has been in charge since 1878. The 
society is now in a condition of health and strength, 
the church attendants numbering about two hundred. 
The trustees for 187'J are Thomas Kilpatrick, Thomas 
n. White, E. Sowers, Ceorge It. (iale, Bushnell While 
and James Storcr. 

Sl'IRUrUALISTS. 

The First Religious Society of Progressive Spirit- 
milists meets each Sunday at liynnm Hall, on Monu- 
mental S(iuare. Connected therewith is a Children's 
Progressive Lyceum. 

NEW .lERUSALEM CHURCH (sWEDENBOR(;IAN). 

This church was organized March 33, 1808, with 
twelve mi.'mbers, who called Rev. C. D. Noble to be 
their pastor, and appointed A. O. Blair, M. Carson 
and (!. W. Barnes members of the church council. 
A small chapel was at first engaged as a house of wor- 
ship, and in 1874 the one now in use on Arlington 



278 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



shreet was built. The pastors have been Revs. C. D. 
Noble, L. P. Mercer, J. S. Saul and G. F. Stearus. 
There are now about forty members; the present trus- 
tees being M. G. Browne, George Judson and A. H. 
Cline. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

Among tlie numerous missions, chapels etc., in 
Cleveland, which are used for occasional services, and 
which can hardly be assigned to any regular place in 
church history, may be mentioned St. Joseph's Chapel 
(Roman Catholic), corner of Chapel and Hazen 
streets; the Armory at East Cleveland; Cottage 
(Methodist Episcopal) Chapel, corner of Willson ave- 
nue and Prospect street; (rerman Baptist Mission, on 
Payne avenue; German Methodist Mission, on Purdy 
street; Lake Shore Chaj)el, on Lake street; Pearl 
Street Friendly Inn; River Street Friendly Inn; Tem- 
perance Chapel, on St. Clair street; Central Place 
Friendly Inn; Union Mission, on Erie street, Olivet 
Chapel, on Hill street; and the Ontario Street Taber- 
nacle, which last structure was built on the occasion 
of an anticijnited Moody and Sankey season. 



CHAPTER LVI. 

BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. 

Charity Hospital— Homoeopathic Hospital — City Hospital— Protestant 
Orphan Asylum— St. Vincent's Orplian Asylum— Jewisli Orphan Asy- 
lum—Home for the Aged Poor— Bethel Union— Youn^ Men's Chris- 
tian Association— Women's Christian Association— Women's Chris- 
tian Temperance Leaj^e— Convent of ihe Good Shepherd— Firemen's 
Relief Association- St. Mary's Orphan (Girls) Asylum— St Joseph's 
Orphan Asylum. 

CHARITY HOSPITAL. 

It is to the zeal of Bishop Rappe that Cleveland 
owes its first public hospital. In the spring of 1852 
he had a framed building erected on Monroe street, 
AVest Side, on the same lot ou which St. Vincent's 
Orphan Asylum now stands. Owing to his very 
limited means, the bishop could not fnlly carry out 
his long cherished plan of erecting an asylum for the 
sick and injured of the city, the building being 
small and the sisters in charge — two Hospitallers of 
the order of St. Augustine and two Postulants, who 
came from France the year previous — few in number. 
Yet the good sisters kindly received all applicants and 
cared for them as best they could, though laboring 
under many and great disadvantages. 

During the late war, when many of our soldiers re- 
turned to Cleveland either sick or wounded, and 
found no place where they could get the tender care 
of trained nurses and skillful physicians and surgeons, 
Cleveland fnlly realized the necessity of a hospital. 
Bishop Rappe, ever ready to j)romote a good work, 
and seeing a near realization of his plan, offered to 
build a hospital, and provide nurses, and surgical and 
medical aid, if the public would come to his help. 
His apjieal was not in vain. All citizens, without dis- 
tinction of nationality or creed, came to his aid. He 



purchased twelve lots on the east side of Perry street, 
bounded by Garden and Marion streets. In the 
spring of 1863 Charity Hospital was begun. Aided 
by the generosity of the citizens of Cleveland — their 
contributions at a fair and by subscriptions amount- 
ing to about twenty thousand dollars, one gentleman 
alone giving the princely donation of ten thousand 
dollars — the building was opened to the public in the 
fall of 18G5, and cost, as it then stood, upwards of 
seventy-five thousand dollars. 

To the Sisters of Charity of St. Augustine was 
committed the care of patients and the general man- 
agement of the institution. The medical and surgi- 
cal work was confided to Charity Hosjjital College, 
now the Medical Department of the LTniversity of 
Wooster. Owing to its able surgeons and physi- 
cians and faithful nurses, Charity Hospital soon 
ranked among the first in the country, patients com- 
ing for treatment from all parts of the Union. The 
yearly average number of jiatients from 18(35 to Jan- 
uary 1, 1879, was four hundred and forty-one; whole 
number of patients treated, five thousand seven hun- 
dred and thirty-five; whole number of free patients, 
same period, two thousand two hundred and forty-six. 

During 1873 and 1871: improvements were made 
and additions built by Bishop Gilmour at a cost of 
forty-seven thousand dollars, viz: clinic and lecture 
rooms, niortuary, steam-heaters and elevators. The 
wooden staircase at the main entrance was replaced 
by a fine stairway of storie, of easy ascent, and the 
interior of the building was refitted; so that now 
the Charity Hos2)ital ranks second to none in the 
country in point of modern conveniences, and apidi- 
anees to lessen the pains of the sick or wounded i)a- 
tient. The medical staff, of which Dr. W. I. Scott is 
president, is now composed of nine physicians. There 
are sixteen Sisters of Charity taking care of the sick. 
Sister Alexis is the local Superior. 

In this connection might also be mentioned the es- 
tablishing of the House of Maternity by Bishop Gil- 
mour, in 1874, in the rear of Charity Hospital, and 
under the care and management of the Sisters of 
Charity; Sister Martha, local Superior. The build- 
ing is forty-five feet wide and seventy-five in length, 
three stories high, with large, well ventilated rooms. 
To unfortunate women who become victims of sin it 
affords shelter during the time of their confinement; 
aud helpless infants, abandoned by their heartless 
mothers, find there a home and a mother's care. 

CLEVELAND HOMCEOPATHIC HOSPITAL. 

Tills hospital is, as its name indicates, under the 
control of medical professors of the school of Homte- 
opathy, and is now, as it always has been, carried on 
as a private enterprise. The first hospital building 
was located on Willson avenue about 1860, but, after 
a few jears, the Homieopathic aud regular schools 
joining in the conduct of a union hospital, the Will- 
sou avenue institution was discontinued. The union 
was, however, short-lived and the Homo3opathic hospi- 



BENEVOLRNT INSTITUTIONS. 



279 



till Wiis revived in the buildings of the Humistoa 
Seminjirj' on thellights, where also the Ilomfpojiathic 
Hospital College was located. When the college was 
transferred to Prospect street the hos]>ital was located 
on IIiii-on street, near at hand, and continued its 
active functions until March, 1879, when the build- 
ing was removed to make place for a new hospital 
edifice now in process of erection, and so far advanced 
toward comi)letion that it will he occupied about the 
licgiiming of 1880. 

The new ho.spital building is of brick, and a re- 
markably handsome and striking piece of architec- 
ture. It will contain sixty beds, and will be supplied 
with the most jierfect of modern hospital appoint- 
ments. It is aimed to devote the institution to charity 
so far as may be found consistent with the design to 
make it self-supporting. 

CLEVELAND CITY HOSPITAL. 

The early history of this institution was somewhat 
exi)crinu'ntal and changeful. Its real work in the 
care of the sick and destitute poor commenced in 
lsi;9, in a small framed building at 83 Willson street. 
The president from that time has been Mr. H. B. 
Ilurlbut, whose unfailing interest and generosity 
have coutrilnited much to the life and growth of the 
Work. 

During the first year one hundred tind two patients 
were treated; the number of days of treatment being 
five thousand am] thirty-eight. During the year 1878 
four hundred and forty-six jiaticnts were received, and 
the numl)er of days of treatment was fourteen thou.s- 
and three hundred and fifty eight. Under the press- 
ing need of larger accommodations, in the autumn of 
1875, a lease of the Marine Hospital and grounds was 
procured from the United States government, and 
here the Cleveland City Hospital has since had its 
home. 

The ))Milding is of stone, three stories in hight, 
one huiulred and ten by ninety feet, and stands in the 
miilst of spacious grounds (five acres), handsomely 
laid out in lawn and terrace. 

'I'he arrangement of wards and rooms provides sep- 
arately for each department — the charity and the pay 
patients. The private rooms for jiaying patients are 
111 the second and third stories of the east and west 
wings. They are furnished with taste ami elegance, 
and contain all needful articles and appliances for the 
comfort of the sick. 

The institution has no endowment, and is largely 
tle])endent upon the generosity of the people for means 
to carry on its charitable work. 

On the lOth day of May, 187G, the hospital officers 
and numagers became a body corporate; Joseph Per- 
kins, president; E. C. Rouse, clerk, and seven trus- 
tees, M. B. Scott, (Jeorge B. Stanley, Henry Cliisholm, 
William B. Castle, W. J. Boardnuiu, II. C. Blossom 
and (i. W. Whitney. 

The expense of maintainancc for the year 1870 was 
eighteen thousand one hundred and thirty-six dollars; 



in 1877, thirteen thousand five hundred and .seven 
dollars and thirty-four cents; in 1878, fifteen thousand 
four hundred and sixteen dollars and thirty-six cents. 
The officers of the year 1879 are as follows: H. B. 
Ilurlbut, president; Mrs. S. Williamson, vice presi- 
dent; Isaac N. Himes, secretary; Mrs. Proctor 
Thayer, assistant secretary; II. C. Studley, treasurer; 
II. B. Hurlbut, Mrs. S. Williamson, George H. Ely, 
Mrs. M. II. Severance, II. R. Hatch, G. C. E. Weber, 
M.D., Proctor Thayer, M.D., trustees; Mrs. L. M. 
Hubby, Mr. D. P. Eells, Mrs. H. 15. Hurlbut, Mr. R. 
F. Smith, Mrs. T. T. Seelye, Mrs. George H. Ely, 
Mrs. William Sabin, Mrs. Charles Ilickox, Mrs. L. 
L. Lyon, Mrs. S. T. Hall, Mrs. James Barnett, Mrs. 
T. Bolton, Mrs. W. S. Streator, Mrs. I. N. Himes, 
Mrs. John Poole, Mrs. S. H. Douglass; Mrs. E. C. 
Pechin, Mrs. G. C. E. Weber, Mrs. W. C. North, 
Mrs. P. Roeder, Col. and Mrs. W. H. Harris, nrana- 
gers; Proctor Thayer, M.D., G. C. E. Weber, M.D.. 
John Bennitt, M.D., II. K. Gushing, M.D., consult- 
ing physicians and surgeons; I). B. Smith, M.D., 
occulist; J. E. Darby, M.D., I. N. Himes, M.D., H. 
W. Kitchen, M.D., F. J. Weed, JI.D., J. H. Low- 
man, M.D., H. H. Powell, M.D., visiting physicians 
and surgeons; Miss Eliza Mitchell, matron; J. R. 
Smith, M.D., house physician; C. L. Taylor, M.D., 
assistant house jjliysician. 

THE CLEVELAND PROTESTANT ORPHAN ASYLUM. 

The Cleveland Orphan Asylum was organized Jan- 
uary 33, 1853, at a meeting held for the purpose in 
the Stone Church; John M. Woolsey being chosen 
chairman. Rev. Dr. Aiken introduced a resolution 
that, "In view of the wants of this city, it is expe- 
dient to organize an orphan asylum in Cleveland,"' 
which was unanimously adojited. Messrs. John A. 
Foot, J. A. Briggs, B. Rouse, J. M. Iloyt, T. P. 
Handy and others were appointed a committee to 
prejiare a plan of organization for such an institution. 
This committee reported at another meeting held in 
the same place January 29th, presenting a plan which 
virtually placed the responsibility of further arrange- 
ments in the hands of a board of managers, consist- 
ing of the following ladies: Mrs. Elislia Taylor, Mrs. 
Rouse, Mrs. Philo Scovill, Mrs. S. J. Andrews, Mrs. 
J. K. Miller, Mrs. Henry W. Clark, Jlrs. Stillman 
Witt, Mrs. JI. H. Severance, Mrs. Geo. A. Benedict, 
Mrs. B. Stedman, Mrs. J. A. Harris and Mrs. A. H. 
Barney. 

These ladies went immediately to work to arrange 
the details of an asylum household, and in April, 
1852, a framed house on the corner of Erie and Ohio 
streets having been lease<l, the asylum began its work 
of providing a shelter for orphan and destitute chil- 
dren, eleven of whom, none of them over eight years 
of age, were at first received into its care. 

Miss Sophia L. Hewitt was i)laced at the head of 
the household as both superintendent and teacher. 
These offices she continued to till for two years, mak- 
ing no cluirge for her services. 



280 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



After a short time it w:is thonsrht best to obtain an 
act of incorporation from tlic State ami roorsjanize 
tlie a.'ssociation. A new oonstitntion wa.s ]>re|iared l)y 
a eommittee of gentlemen appointed for the pm-pose. 
Tliis oonstitntion was aceejited at a meeting of the 
society. I'Vbruary 2'2. 1853, and the asylnm was regu- 
larly chartei-ed as an '"association incorporated for 
benevolent purposes. " 

Under the constitution tlie following ollicers were 
elected: Hon. S. J. Andrews, president; I'hilo Seovill, 
B. Rouse and Henry W. Clark, trustees; T. P. Handy, 
tivasni-er; Geo. A. Benedict, clerk. The board of 
nninagers who had been jn-evionsly acting were re- 
elected. 

The constitution jn-ovides that the officers of the 
asylum shall be chosen from different denominations 
of Protestant Christians, so that no one of them in 
particular shall have a preponderance in its councils. 
In October, 1875, a new and revised constitution was 
adopted, by which several important changes was 
made in the org;inization, and the word Protestant 
introduced into the name of the institution. 

In 1853 an acre of land Wiis donated by Rev. E. X. 
Sawtelle. on the corner of Kinsman street and Willsou 
avenue, for the purposes of an asylum. A building 
wa^ soon commenced, and was so far advanced in June. 
1855, that the asylum family was removed to it from 
the dwelling house which it had for three years occu- 
pied. The revei-sionary interest in the laud was sub- 
sequently i-eleased to the institution. An additional 
acre adjoining w:is afterwards pnrehased by the asy- 
lum. 

During the first ten years of its existence the asy- 
lum was mainly de{>endent upon collections in small 
anuiunts solicited by the ladies of the board person- 
ally, from door to door. A small i>ernninent fund was 
contributed by benevolent gentlemen of tiie city. In 
Decentber, 1863, came the noble betjuest of Captain 
I^evi Sartwell, a gentleman who, in the conrse of a 
long residence in Cleveland, had by frug-ality and in- 
dustry amassed a competence, and who be<|ueathed 
his whole projterty to the asylum. 

In 1877 and "78, Mr. I^onard Case donated vjilna- 
ble tracts of land, together amounting to fonr and 
one-fourth acivs. on St, Clair street, as a site for a 
new asylnni bnilding, but the officers were, nntil 
1878, in doubt su to the feasibility of incnrring the 
exi>ense of erecting a now building, when Mr. J. II. 
Wade generously donated to the society the sum of 
forty tbon.sand dollars for that purpose. Plans were 
carefully prejvired, and on the 30th day of Septeml>er 
of that year the fonndation was commenced. The 
work of building the new asylum is rapidly progress- 
ing, ami when completed it promises to be one of the 
most elegant and convenient buildings of its kind in 
the country. The surprise occasioned by these dona- 
tions had hrtixlly passed when another gift w;»s an- 
nounced from Dr. Alleyne Mayuard. as a memorial 
of his wife, for the pnri>ose of fitting up aiul main- 
taining the hospital department of the asylum. The 



beqnest of Capt^iin Saitwell, with the smaller gifts 
alluded to. constitute a permanent fund which is 
held by the trustees as a sacred trust, only the income 
of which is used for the current expenses of the asy- 
lum, and which is expended by the managers with 
watchful economy. 

The scope of the work at this institution embraces 
not only the care and maintainance of the orphans, but 
the provision of homes for them later on, among fam- 
ilies into which they are received asado]ited children, 
and in which they are moderately certain to jiush for- 
ward the work, nobly begun by the asylum — the 
work, namely, of fitting themselves to become useful 
and valued members of society. 

The first president of the board of trustees was Hon, 
S. J. Andrews, who served in that capacity until ISCit. 
when Mr. Philo Seovill was elected to that otlice. On 
the death of Mr. Seovill, in 1875, Mr. Joseph Perkins 
the present president, was elected. The otticers of 
the asylum are as follows: Henry Chishohn, Joseph 
Perkins, J. II. Wade, board of trustees; officers of 
the board — Joseph Perkins, president: Dan. P. Eells, 
treasurer: A. 11. Shunk, clerk. 

Maiutgers — Mrs. S. M. Hanna, Mrs. Harvey Rice. 
Mrs. Henry Chisholm, Mrs. .Moses Hill. Mrs. Jason 
Canfield, Mrs. William Rattle, Mrs. J. if. Hughes. 
Mrs. J. A. Harris. Mrs. Lorin Prentiss, Mrs, T. S. 
Paddock, Mrs. B. Rouse, Mi-s. N. W. Taylor, ilrs. 
O. W. Jones. Mrs. John Pool, Mrs. A. T.Slade. 

The officers of the managers and asylum are Mrs. B. 
Rouse, president; Mrs. S. M. Hanna, vice president; 
Miss Annie Walworth, secretary; Mr. A. H. Sliuuk. 
superintendent: Mrs. A. H. Shunk. matron; Miss 
M. J. Weaver and Mrs. 0. R. Wing, governesses; Dr. 
E. C. Thomas, physician. 

The asylum has at present seventy-five inmates. 

ST. VINl MXT'S OKl>nAX ASYLUM. 

St. Vincent's was founded in the fiill of 1852 by Rt. 
Rev. Aniadeus Riippe, bishop of Cleveland, who, feel- 
ing the need of an orphan asylum in his diocese, 
called on the Sisters of Charity (Mother Ursula being 
then Superior) to take charge of the orphan boys. 
Very Rev. L. DeGoesbriant, vicar-general, entering 
warmly into the views of the bishop, made an appeal 
to the Catholics of the county in behalf of the or- 
phans. In the city, a fair was held for the same j>ur- 
pose. 

The efforts of the worthy bishop and his vicar 
were ble^ed with success. A framed house, of two 
stories, was erected near the dwelling place of the 
Sisters of Charity, and on the -JOth of May. 1853. the 
fii-st orphan boy was received in the new ;v.sylum. He 
was soon joined by othei-s, but owing to the want of 
resources only eleven children were received previous 
to the 1st of January. 1854. During the ensuing 
year, however, forty-six were admitted. Fonr years 
later the number of children had so much increased 
that more accommodation was required, and in 1858 
a large brick buildinsr was begun in the same location. 




^^r^:^.^^^^. 



BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. 



281 



'I'lu' ii('\vns\limi Wiis nci'ii|iiril in 1S.">0, altliouyli 
iKil c'lil iri'ly <'iiiii|iU'lc(I: in fuel.. Iliu right wing was 
Mill put n|) until lSi;,"i. In 1SG7 an addition was 
made \o {\w main part in the rear of tlie chapel. Tlie 
total cost has been a little over twenty-two thousand 
dollars. A large debt was incurred, but through the 
generosity of the Catholics of the diocese it has been 
entirely paid. The oiphans received and cared for 
in this institution, down to January, 1879, numbered 
one thousand two hundred and seventy-two. At the 
jiri'sent time one hundred and eighty boys are shel- 
terecl beneath its roof. They are sujjported chiefly 
liy annual donations from Catholic farmers, increased 
by the i)roeeeds of fairs held yearly in the city in be- 
half of the orphans. 

.IKWrsiI OKPHAN ASVMM. 

This institution was opened for the reception of 
oijihan children Seiitembcr 39, 1808. The buildings 
and projierty formerly used as a Water Cure, on Wood- 
land avenue, were ]nirchased, at a cost of near thirty- 
two thousand dollars. At the expiration of about six 
months the building used for worship and school pur- 
poses was enlarged, to meet the wants of the rajiidlv 
increasing number of childi'cu in the a.sylnm. The 
first, ollieers of the institution were as follows: A. 
Aul), president; A. Weiner, vice president; J. Rohr- 
heimer, treasurer; William Kriegshaber, secretary; 
Henry (Jreenbaum and Isidor Bush, trustees; L. Au- 
frecht. superintendent; Mrs. L. Anfrecht, matron. 

Tiie number of children received during the first 
fiscal year was one hundred and thirty-three. The 
present number of inmates is two hundred and twenty- 
seven. These children coming from the districts two, 
six ami seven, I.O.O. B., rei)i'esentod, in 1878, the 
following States, according to the number a]>pended 
to each: Ohio, fifty-eight; Michigan, foui-teen; Wis- 
consin, eleven; .Minnesota, two; Illinois, twentv-ninc; 
Indiana, seventeen; Kentucky, seventeen; Tennessee, 
twenty-six; Alabanui, four; Mississij)]ii, seven; Louis- 
iana, three; Arkansas, three; Kansas, thi-ee; Missouri, 
twenty-six. There is now in course of erection a 
large and convenient sohool-building, suflicient to 
meet tiic necessities of the institution for many years 
to come. This building will cost, when completed, 
al)out twenty thousand dollais. Tlie financial situa- 
tidu of the asylum is highly complimentary to those 
having charge of its affairs. The entire funds and 
iiivestnionts of the inslitnlion aniuuiit to niiictv-l hrcc 
tiiousand four hundred and I wciity-luur dollars and 
fifty-three cents. 

Tlic ju-esent oflicers are as follows: A. Aub, presi- 
dent; A. Weiner, vice president; Jac. Rohrheimer, 
treasurer: Dr. S. Wolfensrein, secretary; Abram ITart, 
Gustavns licvi. David Adlcr, II. S. Ottenlicimer. 
Lazard Kalin, M. Sceli":, M. I'llman and L. A. Moss, 
trustees. The superintendent is L. Anfrecht; the 
matron is Mrs. L. Anfrecht; the ]ihysicians are Dr. 
M. Rosen wasser and l>r. Tli. r.iikci-. 



IIOMK Fdit TIIIC AGKD IMIOIi. 

This institution, the ninth of its kind in this 
country, was founded by Rt. Rev. Amadeus Rapjie, 
first bishoj) of Cleveland, in the year 1870. 'J'he 
Home is conducted by the members of the society of 
the Little Sisters of the Poor. The work of the 
" Ijittle Sisters" began at St. Servan, a small town of 
Brittany, on the western coast of France. Their la- 
bors are (tarried on in this country precisely as they are 
in Kiirope. Every day the sisters call at the vai-ious 
h<)t(ds. restaurants and private houses, soliciting alms 
and collecting cold victuals, coffee-grounds, tea, old 
clothing, etc., all of which are tui'ned to good use for 
the benefit of their aged inmates. There arc at ])res- 
ent one hundred inmates in the Home on Perry street, 
in this city, under charge of Mother St. Joseph, 
sujierior. 

TIIH HOUSE OF MATHUNITW 

This is located on Marion street, and is conducted 
by the Sisters of (Uiarity, of the Order of SI. Augus- 
tine. Sister St. Josejih is the sujierior. 

CLEVELAND HETIIEL UNION. 

The society of the Cleveland Bethel Union was in- 
corjiorHted January ."I, 18G7, for the purpose of car- 
rying on benevolent and mission work in the lower 
part of the city, and of establishing a home for sea- 
men, railroad men and other transient sojourners, 
where reasonable accommodations could be offered at 
a very moderate compensation. In 18C8 the society 
purchased the building and premises on the corner of 
Sujierior and Union streets. This location is central, 
and the building and surroundings are admirably 
adajited to the charitable work of the union. The 
incorjiorators were eighteen in number, from whom 
nine trustees were chosen, viz.: Loren Prentiss, W. 
B. Ciiyles, W. B. (iastle, Horace Benton, E. C. Pope, 
(i. P. Burwell, (;. H. Ely, J. D. Rockefeller and H. 
R. Hatch. 

The various deiiartments or branches of work un- 
der control of the union, and directed by sub-comniit- 
tces of the general organization, are: First, relief, 
under the management of the Bethel Relief Associa- 
tion; second, the Sunday school and mission work: 
third, the Bethel Home. 

The dejiartment of relief work was at the outset 
limited to the biwcr jiart of the city and to jirovision 
for transient cases in the Home, liiit the jiulilic be- 
came so accustomed to sending applicants for hclji to 
the society that in March, 187.S, this work was made 
to embrace the whole city; aiming to disjieuse with 
some of the many relief societies by having one cen- 
tral organization, through which all distributions 
should be made. This branch was accordingly placed 
under the charge of a large committee of ladies and 
gentlemen, with visiting committees for each ward, 
and a siib-commiltee having charge of the work in 
detail. 

At the Home, rooms have lieeii jiropared for dis- 



282 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



triljution of cloUiing and supplies, and for furnishing 
nou'ri.shing refreshments to the destitute poor during 
tlie winter months. 

An emjiloyment office has also been opened, and 
every effort is made to provide situations for all 
worthy applicants. A temporary home for women 
and girls, and free bunk lodgings for men of worthy 
character applying for shelter, have been provided. 
The relief department is under charge of Samuel Jol), 
Buperintendent, who has acceptably filled that posi- 
tion since 1873. 

This work of relief is confined to the worthy poor, 
not otherwise provided for, who through sickm ss, 
accident or other misfortune, require temporary s- 
sistance. The plan and principles acted upon have 
proved eminently successful, and the results are ac- 
knowledged as examples of efficient and well-directed 
benevolence. . 

The principal mission work of the Union is devoted 
to a Sabbath school, gathered mainly from among the 
poor, having an average attendance of about five 
hundred. A committee of ladies hold weekly meet- 
ings during the spring, fall and winter months, and 
distribute clothing to the needy children of the school. 
A girls' sewing school, with an average attendance of 
about one hundred, meets every Saturday aftei'noon 
during the winter. In addition to these, and as a part 
of the mission work families are visited, devotional 
exercises are held at the Home at least twice each 
week, and the subjects of personal religion, temper- 
ance and uprightness are earnestly presented. 

The Home department comprises the genei-al man- 
agement of the Bethel building, on the corner of Su- 
perior and Union streets, under the sujierintendence 
of Thomas Braggins. The revenue derived from the 
rent of the lower portion of the building is used for 
the purpose of the Union. The dining-room depart- 
ment IS more than self-sustaining. A library, with a 
moderate supply of books, has been provided for the 
use of the patrons of the home. 

At the time of the organization of the Union, Loren 
Prentiss was elected president, and has occupied that 
position without intermission to the present day. 
The present officers of the Union are as follows: 
Loren Prentiss, president; E. C. Pope, secretary; C. 
W. Lepper, treasurer; L. Prentiss, G. E. Herrick, 
W. H. Harris, W. B. Guyles, D. P. Eells, executive 
committee; L. Prentiss, H. R. Hatch, D. P. Eells, 
Dr. U. Houltz, G. E. Herrick, E. P. Morgan, T. D. 
Crocker, W. B. Guyles, S. L. Severance, George P. 
Burwell, Rev. R. Dubbs, William Bowler, W. H. 
Doan, Samuel Andrews, W. II. Harris, trustees. 

YOUNG men's christian ASSOCIATION. 

About 1850 a Young Men's Christian Association 
was organized in Cleveland, and fixed its location on 
Superior street where commodious reading rooms, a 
valuable library, etc., offered many advantages to the 
rising youth, and conferred numerous benefits on 
the communitv. The association flourished until the 



breaking out of the war for the Union, when, as nearly 
all of the members entered the military service, the 
society lapsed inio inactivity and finally became de- 
funct. 

Soon after the close of the war, however, in ISGO, 
the present Young Men's Christian Association was 
organized, and occupies to-day a very prominent place 
among similar organizations in America, In 1872 
the association ])urchascd the building No. 70, north 
side of Monumental Square, and has occui)ied it since 
that time. It is neatly and conveniently furnished, 
with chapel, reading rooms and music rooms, parlors, 
committee rooms, etc. Tliere is a free reading room 
for the public, as well as one for the members. Union 
prayer meetings are held daily at noon, and young 
men's prayer meetings every Saturday evening. 

Tills association was the first one of its kind to en- 
gage in si)ecial work on behalf of railway employees; 
in 1872, it opened in the Union Passenger Depot at 
Cleveland a railway reading room, which still serves 
many valuable purposes. Connected also with the 
association is the Newsboys' and Bootblacks' Home, 
where these youthful laborers are not only lodged, but 
taught in Sunday and night schools — a most worthy 
and commendable work. The officers of the associ- 
ation for 1879 are J. B. Meriam, president; C. J. 
Dockstader, corresponding secretary; G, W. Crozicr, 
recording secretary; T. M. Irwin, registering secre- 
tary; C. H. Fuller, treasurer. 

women's christian ASSOCIATION. 

On the 20th of October, 1868, at the close of the State 
convention of the Young Men's Christian Association, 
the president, Mr. H. T. Miller, issued a call request- 
ing the Christian women of Cleveland to meet and 
forma society "which should do for too in en as the 
Young Men's Association was doing for w/fw." The 
response was general and hearty; so large was the 
meeting that the old hall at the corner of Superior 
and Seneca streets was crowed to its utmost capacity. 
Three weeks later an adjourned meeting was held, at 
which the society was formally organized. 

Tiie first official directory of the "Women's Chris- 
tian Association" reads as follows: Miss Sarah E. 
Fitch president; Mrs. 0. K. Huntington, Mrs. Geo. 
W. Whitney, Mrs. Ira Clark, Mrs. S. F. Smith, Mrs. 
C. W. Lepper, Mrs. Jno. Coon, vice presidents; 
Mrs. A. W. Fairbanks, corresponding secretary; Mrs. 
C. E. Bolton, recording secretary; Miss Ann White, 
treasurer; Mrs. L. Austin, Mrs. Jas. Barnett, Miss 
May E. Baldwin, Mrs. L. F. Mellen, Mrs. D. P. 
Eells, Mrs. A. T. Osborn, Mrs. W. H. Keith, :\rrs. 
W. P. Cooke, Mrs. D. Houtz, Mrs. W. Mittleberger, 
Mrs. 0. B. Skinner, Mrs. Geo, Puslcy, Mrs, George 
L, Chapman, Mrs. S. H. Sheldon, Mrs. P. B. Clajip, 
Mrs. James W. Clark, directors. 

In Api'il, 1800, the Association was regularly in- 
corporated under an act passed March 30, 18(1-1, en- 
titled "an act for the relief of benevolent and char- 
itable associations managed by women.'' In 1878 the 



BENEVOLENT INSTITUTIONS. 



283 



increased woi'k required additioiiiil measures of secu- 
rity, and a special act of the legislature was passed 
fur lliat purpose. 

The first practical work was the orgaiiizutiou of a 
committee for missionary labor. This committee now 
numbers twelve ladies, to each of whom special duties 
are assigned. One cares for the Sabbath visitations 
at tiie City Hospital, and another at tlie Huron street 
Hospital; two on alternate Saturdays visit the Work- 
iiouse, wliere prayer is offered, hymns sung and Bible 
lessons explained. Three members make semi- 
miindily visits to the Infirmary, to read the Bibleand 
give religious instructions. Two others conduct 
weekly prayer-meetings at the Retreat. A mother's 
meeting wiis established in February, 1876, and is held 
each Friday afternoon in the chapel of the Young 
lien's Christian Association. Here garments are 
made and sold at a low price. 

The establishment of a Provident Fund is one of 
the recent measures adopted by the association. Each 
|ioor woman is encouraged to place, eacli week, in the 
hands of one of the ladies, such a sum as she may be 
alile to save from her earnings, of which an account 
is kept, and the amount is held for her benefit in case 
of need. 

'I'lie BddrditKj Iloine. — Early in the history of the 
llic association, the conviction was forced upon its 
members of the necessity of establishing a boarding 
home, where respectable young women, dependent 
u|iou their own exertions, could find shelter, protec- 
tion and the infiuences of a Christian home. TJie 
committee for that purpose, in the winter of 1868-1), 
made temporary arrangement with a woman on Lake 
street, to receive such girls into her house at a 
moderate comjjcnsation. In the spring of 1869 ilr. 
Stillinan Witt j>urchascd for the association proj)erty 
on Walnut street, for the purpose of a home. Other 
citizens contributed liberally, and the building was 
enlarged, repaired and adapted to the uses intended. 
Churches and individuals jirovidedfor its furnishing, 
and on the llth of November following it was ready 
for occupancy. In the spring of 1872 Mr. Witt pur- 
chased the lot adjoining, and by the erection of a 
new front the cajiacity of the building was increased 
from twenty to more than fort}-. These apai'tnients 
are conveniently arranged and neatly furnished. The 
l)rice of board ranges from tliree to four and one-half 
dollars per week. 

Till! lletri'dt. — Another institution maintained l)y 
the association, is the "Retreat," which was opened 
in .Inne, 1867, at 267 Perry street, where it continued 
four years. Tiie rent of the house was paid during 
these years by Mr. Joseph Perkins. In August, 1872, 
M V. Leonard Case presented to the association a large 
lot of land on St. Clair street, better adapted for the 
IHuposes of a Retreat than the Perry street property. 
For the purpose of constructing a substantial build- 
ing, Mr. Perkins then contributed ten thousand dol- 
lars. By means of this gift, and by the assistance of 
other generous friends, the present healthful and at- 



tractive structure was erected, being presented, free 
of debt, to the association in November, 1873. 

The Earnest Worker. — In tiie spring of 1874, the 
Committee on Ways and Means decided to publish a 
monthly pajier, having in view two objects: To es- 
tablish a medium of communication, which the grow- 
ing work of the association demanded, and to secure 
a source of revenue. 

The first number of the Earnest Worker accord- 
ingly appeared in .Tune following. A l)rief notice of 
it will be found in the '"Press" chaj)ter of the 
general history. 

Home for Aged Women. — Another important work 
condncted by the association is the management of 
the Home for Aged Women on Kennard street. In 
the latter jjart of 1876 a commodious building was 
erected by Mr. Amasa Stone, and conveyed to five 
trustees, to be used as a home for aged Protestant 
women. The management of this institution and an 
annual income of one thousand dollars, also provided 
by Mr. Stone, were offered to the association and ac- 
cepted. An executive committee of seven ladies, 
from as many Protestant churches, was appointed to 
take general charge of the Home. This house like 
the others has been beautifully furnished by churches 
and individuals. It was formally o])ened July 1-1, 
1877. 

From the organization of the Women's Christian 
Association to the present time. Miss Sarah Fitch has 
held the position of president. 

. The present officers of the association are as fol- 
lows: Miss Sarah E. Fitch, president; Mrs. Lewis 
Burton, Mrs. R. R. Sloan, Mrs. J. R. Mills, Jlrs. S. 
W. Adams, Jlrs. E. Curtis, Mrs. J. R. Twitchell, 
vice presidents; Mrs. William W. Butler, recording 
secretary; Mrs. William M. Meriam, corresponding 
secretary; Miss C. M. Leonard, treasurer; Mrs. L. 
Austin, Mrs. J. Barnett, Mrs. L. 0. Comau, Mrs. D. 
P. Eells, Mrs. James (iaibraith, Mrs. 0. E. Hunting- 
ton, Mrs. II. -M. Ingham, Miss R. H. Selden, 
Mrs. M. P. Adams, Mrs. B. W. Jenness, Mrs. C. 
W. Lepper, Jlrs. B. T. Noakes, Mrs. A. A. Nelson, 
Mrs. W. S. Porter, Mrs. J, S. Prather, Mrs. A. H. 
Potter, Mrs. William Sabin, Mrs. E. C. Standart, 
ilrs. G. B. Senter, Miss A. Walworth, Mrs. A. A. 
Thorne, Mrs. George Whitney, J[rs. S. W'illiamson, 
Mrs. Horace Wilkins, directors; Josej)!! Perkins, Henry 
Chisholm, 1). P. Kells, John Thomas, Dr. W. S. Strea- 
torand Samuel K. Williamson, trustees; Col. H. Har- 
ris, auditor. 

WO.ME.V's IIIIUSTIAX rKMI'KKANfE LEAGUE. 

This truly benevolent society was organized on the 
i;Jlli day of March, 1874. The purposes of the 
League are very aiijiroiiriately exjircssed in the pledge 
adopted by the organization, which reads as follows: 

" We, the Christian women of Cleveland, feeling 
that the use of intoxicating li(|Hors has reached a de- 
gree no longer to be endured, do promise, by the Iielp 
of God, to use our utmost endeavors to banisli this 



284 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



evil from our midst, and, in oi'der tliat our work may 
be more thoroughly done, we form the Women's Tem- 
perance League of Cleveland. And we hereby pledge 
ourselves to discourage, in all possible ways, the use 
of anything wliicli can intoxicate; and, in order to 
strengthen our influence in this regard, we promise 
not to use wine, beer, or any distilled liquors, as a 
beverage, and not to furnish them for social enter- 
tainments." 

First in order of importance are the three Friendly 
Lins, under the control of the League, besides which 
thei'e are three others which are conducted independ- 
ently. All are locdted advantageously for the work. 
Connected with five of the six are restaurant and 
lodging dejiartments, where needy or intemperate 
men, desiring to reform their lives, can find good 
meals and comfortable beds at low prices. The luns 
under control of the League are the Kiver Street 
Friendly Inn, organized April ^4, 1874, by the River 
Street Praying Band; the St. Clair Street Friendly 
Inn, organized June 15, 1874, by the ladies of the 
Fifth and Seventh Ward Praying Bands, and the 
Central Place Frienly Inn, organized September 7, 
1874. Auxiliary to the League, and directly and in- 
directly connected with it as the increase. and out- 
growth of the League work, are the following organ- 
izations: The East Cleveland reading and morning 
prayer-meeting room, 'established' April, 1874; tlie 
Collinwood chapel, organized with a Sabbath school 
May 5, 1874; the East Miidison avenue ch<i])e], built 
during the.sunimer of 1875;; theOntario street taber- 
nacle, built for promotion- of the temperance work 
by W. H. Doan; the '' Doaii„<j,uarils,".a military tejn- 
perance body, organized in 1874^ the '■ Eighteentli 
Ward Friendly Inn, organized .in 1875; the South 
Side Friendly Home, opened January- 1,. 1875; the 
Pearl Street Friendly Inn, oi'ganized February 17, 
187G; the "Society of Yoke Fellows," "rescued," as 
their constitution says, "from the vice of intemper- 
ance, through the mercy of God and tiie prayei-s of 
Christians," which was formed in March, 1877, and 
now has a membership of one hundred and twenty- 
five; the "Open Door," an institution founded by 
several ladies of the Central Inn Committee, July '6, 
1877, which grew out of the necessities of tcnijjcranee 
work among the wretched women of that neighbor- 
hood, and in which, since its establisniiiient, one hun- 
dred and seventy-five of the neediest class of women 
have received temporary help and shelter. 

The following arc the present officers of the League: 
Mrs. J. S. Prather, president; Mrs. Horatio C. Ford, 
Mrs. George Worthington, Mrs. E. H. Adams, Miss 
F. Jennie Duty, vice presidents; Miss M. E. Inger- 
soll, recording secretary; Miss F. Jennie Duty, cor- 
rcsjionding secretary; Mrs. A. H. Potter, treasurer. 

CONVENT OF TIIE (;00D SHEPHERD. 

The monastery of Our Lady of Charity of the Good 
Shepherd of Angus was founded July 31, 1829, and was 
established as a generalship by Poi^e Gregory XVI. 



July 9, 1845. The convent at Cleveland was founded 
by lit. Rev. Amadeus Rappe, bishop of the diocese, 
on the 23d of July, 18G9. For the first six years its 
work was conducted in a dwelling house. No. 397 
Lake street. In 1875 the large convent building on 
Sterling avenue was completed and occupied. 

The institution is intended as a reformatory for 
women and a protectory for children, under the gov- 
ernment of a su2ierior and thirteen cloistered and 
seven out-door sisters. The inmates at present num- 
ber ninety-eight, of whom thirty-seven are in the 
children's de])artmeut; forty-seven are in the reform- 
atory and fourteen are magdalenes. The convent is 
maintained by the industry of its inmates. Mother 
Mary of St. Alphonse is the present superior. 

firemen's relief association. 

During the month of February, 1808, a meeting of 
the Cleveland Fire Dejiartment was called at the 
chief engineer's office, having for its object the better 
l)rotection of its members against accident or sickness. 
The members had tried for several years the plan 
of accidental iiisurance, which only protected them 
against accident, while, the life of a fireman is not 
only one of "constant danger and severe toil, but one 
which in a few yeai'S breaks down the hardiest con- 
stitution or pi'odlices early death. After several 
preliminary meetings a plan of organization was ar- 
ranged, and a constitution adopted for the govern- 
ment of the society, which was to be known as the 
Cleveland Firemen's Relief Association. At the or- 
ganization sixty members of the de])artuient signed 
the constitution and became members of the associa- 
tion. James Ifill was elected president; Edward 
Lindsay, treasurer, and Samuel Brown, secretary. 

By section seven of article four of the constitution 
it is provided that the proper officers shall visit and 
attend to the wants of the sick members, and report 
to the president, or in his absence to the vice presi- 
dent, who may cause a weekly order to be drawn on 
the treasurer to the amount of ten dollars per week, 
for a period of twenty six weeks, or until recovery, 
provided the claimant furnishes a certificate from his 
attending physician, or from the surgeon of the asso- 
ciation (if demanded by the president) to the effect 
that'he is incapable of performing service. 

Section one of article sis provides that the otlicers 
are authorized to grant relief to widows or children of 
deceased members when the finances of the association 
will warrant it. 

Section two of the .same article says: "On the death 
of any member, the association shall ajipropriate a 
sufficient sum for burial ex})enses." 

The fund from which this payment is made is raised 
by fees, dues, assessments and voluntary contribu- 
tions. 

The present officers of the association are as follows: 
.John A. Bennett, president; Warren P. Knowlcs, 
vice president; Frank A. Mears, secretary; Charles T. 
Girard, treasurer. 




^ 



THE MASONS. 



285 



ST. Mary's orphan (girls) asylum. 

This benevolent institution (located on Harmon 
street) was founded about the year 18.51, and is undei- 
the immediate charge of an order of nuns known as 
the Sacred Heart of St. Mary — Miss Mary Le Masson 
being the superior. The asylum building is a tlirec- 
story Ijrick structure Avith accommodations for about 
one hundred inmates, wliich is the average iiunilier 
provided for. 

Children between the ages of five and sixteen are 
received, and trained in school studies and household 
duties. Wlien arrived at the proper age, they are 
placed in comfortable homes where asylum experience 
tits them to maintain themselves. 

ST. JOSEl'll's OKI'HAN ASYLIM, 

on Woodland avenue, is an adjunct of the Harmon 
Street Asylum, and is under the same management, 
'i'iie ages of inmates received here range from two to 
eight years, and being instructed and carefully reared 
there are, at the age of nine, transferred to St. Mary's 
Asylum. IJotli institutions, it may l)e observed, are 
su]iported by public donations and the earnings of the 
iuniates of St. Mary's. 



CHAPTER LVII. 

THE MASONS. 

Cleveland City Lodge — Iris LtKlfje — Higelow Lodpe— Conconlia Lod^e— 
Tyrian Lodge— Newbiirg Lodge— Forest City Lodge— West Side 
Loilge Klls»..ith Lodge — Woodward Lodge — Webb C'liapler- 
Ihateher Cliapter -liaker Chapter— Cleveland Conned Oriental Com 
niandery- llolyrood Conimanderj— Eliadah Grand Lodge of Perfec- 
tion— IJahurira Council — Princes of Jerusalem— Ariel Chapter— AI 
Koran Temple. 

CLEVELAND CITY LODGE. 

The charter of Cleveland City Lodge No. 1.'). I'nnd 
A. M., was granted September 21, ISll. 'I'he liisl 
meeting was held Sejitember 28, 1841, when tlie fol- 
lowing ollicers were elected: Clifford 15eldeii, W. M.; 
Andrew White, S. W. ; Willard Crawford, J. W.; 
Kdmiiud Clark, treasurer; Erastus Smith, secretary. 

The persons elected to the office of Worshi]iful Mas- 
ter with their terms of service, have been as follows: 
Clitford Heldeu, 1841; Timothy Ingraham, 1842-^-4; 
W. 'V. Goodwin, 184o-6-8-!J-53-54; H. H. Dodge, 
lS4r; A. 1). Bigelow, 1850-1; S. E. Adams, 1852; E. 
K. Benton, 1855-S; Peter Caul, 185(i; C. Benton, 
1.S57; C. A. Woodward, 1859-60-69-TO; G. H. 
Adams, 1801-2-7-8-73; M. L. Kider, 18(13-4-5; 
Joseph Bell, 18GC; M. Robinson, 1871-2; William 
MeFarland; George Hester, 1875-C-7; C. R. Butler, 
1878. 

The present officers of the lodge are L. P. Eldridge, 
W. M.; 1). M. Calkins, S. W.; G. H. Robinson, J. 
\\'.; C, A. Woodward, treasurer; J. C. Wagner, sec- 
retary; A. Ewart, S. D.; R. Noble, S. !>.; T. J. 
Tuwson, tyler; il. Cleave and U. Gray, stewards; L. 
1'. Eldridge, organist; George U. Adams, trustee. 



The membership numbers two hundred and thirty 
persons. Stated communications are held in Masonic 
Hall, Case block, on the first and third Tuesdays of 
each month. 

IK IS LOIXiE. 

This society, No. 22!l, I' and A M, was organized 
October 22, 1852. The lirst officers were A. i). Bige- 
low, W. M.; W. H. Beaumont, S. W.; Robert Reiley, 
J. W. The names of the Past Masters, since the or- 
ganization, have been as follows: A. D. Bigelow, E. 
II. Griswold, H. A. Hough, R. Creighton, H. C. 
Ranney, P. Thatchei-, Jr., G. li. Burt, E. A. Hop- 
kins, George W. Berry, Allan T. Brinsniade, B. D. Bab- 
cock, Robert Harding, J. M. Booth, Samuel Briggs. 
The following are the present officers: E. D. Page, 
W. i\I.; N. W. Chamberlain, S. W.; J. C. Heath, J. 
W.; Thomas Larter, S. D.; C. 1). Collin.s J. D. ; 
(ieorge A. Wright, treasurer; C. H. Garstiu, secre- 
tary; W. A. Lyon, tyler. 

This lodge is the largest in the Slate, having a mem- 
bership of three hundred, and is gradually increas- 
ing in numbers. The meetings are iield on thesecond 
and fourth Mondays of each month in Masonic Hall, 
Case block. 

BIGELOW LODGE. 

Bigelow Lodge, No. 24:i, F. and A. M., was organ- 
ized under a warrant or dispensation October 20, 
1853, but was not granted a charter until October 
17, 1854. The first officers were: Gaston (i. Allen, 
W. M.; Samuel W. Odell, S. W.; Alonzo Eldridge, 
J. W. ; C. C. Stevens, S. 1).; Steiihen Buhrer, J. D. ; 
IL L. Wiiitman, treasurer; A. IL Dubrey, secretarv; 
L. W. Wollciineber, tyler. 

The following members have served as Worshipful 
Masters, with the terms of service of each: (i. G. 
Allen, October 20, 1853, to Deccmlier 24, ISoiJ; 
iMonzo Eldridge, December, 1856, to December, 1857; 
(i. <i. Allen, December, 1857, to December, 1858; 
Stephen Buhrer, 1858 to 1859; Gaston G. Allen, 
1859 to 1800; A. V. Cannon, 1800 to 1801; Gaston 
G. Alien, 1801 to 1803; Stephen F. Langell, 1803 to 
1804; Gaston G. Alien, 1804 to 1805; L. D. Hudson, 
1805 to 1860; F. W. Pelton, 1800 to 1867; Joseph 
H. Jolmson, 1807 to 1808; Wm. H. Radcliff, 1808 to 
1809; William Lawtey, 1809 to 1870; P. T. Hasbrouck, 
1870 to 1871; H. F. Percival, 1871 to 1872; Thomas 
Connors, 1872 to 1873; Robert Simpson, 1873 to 
1874; R. W. Johnson, 1874 to 1875; Ciiarles Luck, 
1875 to 1870; C. G. (iuilford. 1870 to 1877; S. F. 
Langell, 1877 to 1878; B. Saunders, December, 1878, 
to December, 187'.l. 

The present officers of the lodge are Benjamin 
Saunders, W. M. ; J. F. Armstrong, S. W.; J. Car- 
lisle, J. W.; R. L. Willard, treasurer; H. E. Chubb, 
secretary; Thomas Allen, S. D. ; Judson Pratt, J. I).; 
William Caldwell, tyler. 

This lotlge has a membershijt of two hundred and 
two. Stated comnuuiicatious are held in Masonic 



286 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



hall, Fi-aukliu avenue, the second and fourth Wednes- 
days of each montli. 

CONCORDIA LODGE. 

Concordia Lodge, No. 345, F. and A. M., (German) 
was organized October 21, 18G.3, but did not receive a 
charter until 1804. On October 18, 1804, the lodge 
was regularly organized under their charter, and the 
following persons elected to their respective offices: 
Joseph Singer, W. M.; C. P. Born, S. W.; C. A. 
Muerman, J. W.; E. Hessenmueller, treasurer; Wil- 
liam Buerger, secretary; William Schmidt, S. D. ; 
A. Eckerman, J. D.; Charles Mueller, tyler. 

Since the organization the Worshipful Masters 
have been as follows: Josejih Singer, 1804-5; William 
Schmidt, 1860; E. Hessenmueller, 1807-8-9; C. A. 
Muerman, 1870-1; Charles Leypoldt, 1872-3-4; E. 
Hessenmueller, 1875; Joseph IJittel, 1870-7; H. F. 
Leypoldt, 1878. 

The officers for 1879 are as follows: H. F. Leypoldt, 
W. M.; C. A. Knecht, S. W.; G. A. Schlatterbeck, 
J. W. ; F. Kemmer, treasurer; William Wagner, sec- 
retary; M. Bertsch, S. D.; A. Muinicke, J. D.; 
Ciiarles Heller, tyler. 

This lodge numbers one luiiidred and two memliers, 
and meets semi-monthly on the tirst and tiiird Fridays 
in Masonic hall. Case block. 

TYIUAN LODGE. 

Tvi'ian Lodge, No. 370. was organized July 11. 
1800, with the following charter menibui's: E. A. 
Hopkins, G. N. Crittenden, Geo. H. Vilas, Eli Ely, 
M. L. Rider, J. B. Parsons, G. L. Childs, D. E. 
Wright and W. H. Huntington. The members now 
number ninety, and the officers for 1879 are H. R. 
Leonard, M.M.; W. J. Akers, S.W. ;H. D. Robison, 
J. W. ; J. B. Parsons, treasurer; George L. Chihls, 

secretar}; James Hossack, S.D.; .J.D. ; C. E. 

Burke, tyler; Rev. John Wesley Brown. cliai»lain; 
Chai'les C. Bolton and William G. Alcott, stewards; 
George W. Short, marshal; and Charles A. W. Rice, 
organist. Stated communications are held in Masonic 
Hall, on the second and fourth Wednesdays of each 
month. 

NKWBURO LODGE. 

This society (No. 379, F. & A.M.). was oiganized 
in October, 1800. The charter was obtained October 
10, 1807, with the following charter members: W. 
R. Seager, W.M.; H. Tone, S.W.; J. U. Brown, J. 
W. ; M. R. Hughes, secretary. The succession of Wor- 
shipful Masters lias been as follows: W. R. Seager, 
1809; A. D. Kent, 1870-71-73-75; T. L. Dwyer, 
1872; W. L. Lord, 1874; H. Botton, 1870; C."^H. 
Palmer, 1877-8. The present membership numbers 
one hundred and twenty. The officers for 1879 are 
as follows: M. L Richards, W.M.; F. W. Cochran, 
S.W.; W. A. Affleck, J.W.; J. B. Corlett, treasurer; 
A. D. Kent, secretary; A. Barber, S.D.; F. K. Reede, 



J.D.; John Nesbit, tyler. The lodge meets the first 
and third Fridays in each mouth, m Bank Building, 
Eighteenth Ward. 

FOREST CITY LODGE. 

Forest City Lodge No. 388, F. and A. M., was or- 
ganized in March, 1807. Down to that time there 
was only one Masonic Lodge on the West side of the 
river, viz., Bigelow, which was working what is 
known as the " Old Work " instead of that adopted 
and recognized by the Grand Lodge of Ohi(i, and 
known as the "Uniform Work." A desire on the 
Xiart of a number of Masons, then I'esidents of the 
West Side, to organize a lodge which should adopt 
and use the new work, led to the drafting and circu- 
lating of a petition, which was signed by the follow- 
ing named brothers: Elisha T. Ellsworth, L. C. Mat- 
thews, P. A. Searles, Abner Royce, Henry Richard- 
son, Thomas Ligget,. George Presley, George E. 
Hartwell, Henry Fish, Lorenzo Warner, Stephen D. 
Phelps, Robert Wallace, Alfred Bolton, T. P. Wilson, 
George H. SafEord. They met in the old Masonic 
hall on Franklin avenue, near the circle, where the 
name the lodge now bears was duly adopted. The 
then Most Worshipful Grand Master of Ohio, Thom- 
as Sparrow, granted a dispensation dated March 28, 
1807, and aijjiointed Elisha T. Ellsworth, who was a 
Past Master of Meridian Sun Lodge, of West Rich- 
field, Ohio, to be the first Worshipful Master of For- 
est City Lodge. Major Henry Richardson was ap- 
pointed senior warden, and Robert Wallace junior 
warden. The following were chosen to the offices aj)- 
l)ended to their respective names at a communication 
held in the old Bigelow lodge room March 30, 1807: 
George Presley, treasurer; Abner Royce, secretary; 
George E. Hartwell, senior deacon; Thomas Ligget, 
junior deacon, and S. D. Phelps, tyler. At the 
same time a code of by-laws was adopted, which com- 
pleted the organization of Forest City Lodge under 
its first officers authorized by dispensation, and until 
the meeting of the Grand Lodge at Cincinnati, Ohio, 
October 15, 1807, when a charter was granted. At 
the stated communication held in December of that 
year, Elisha T. Ellsworth was elected and installed 
the first Worshipful Master under the charter. He 
was a most earnest mason and a wise leader, to whom 
the fraternity in general is greatly indebted, and to 
whom Forest City Lodge in ])ai'ticular owes a great 
part of its success. 

The following is a com])letelist of the I'ast blasters 
of the Lodge: E. T. Ellsworth, under dispensation, 
from March 28, 1807, to December 9, 1807; E. T. Ells- 
worth, elected December 9, 1807; George E. Hartnell, 
December 14, 1808; S. D. Phelps, December 13, 1809; 
Abner Royce, December 12, 1870; George A. Beniis, 
December 11, 1871; Fi-ank Brewster, December 9, 
1872; E. T. Ellsworth, re-elected December 13, 1873; 
E. T. Ellsworth, re-elected December 10, 1874; E. J. 
Blandin, December 15, 1875; L. C. Matthews, De- 
cember 20, 1870; L. A. Willson, December 19, 1877; 



THE MASONS. 



SSt 



W. 'I'. Itol.bins, Deocmher 18, ISTS. Present iium- 
Ihi- of meinl>er.-i si\iy-live. 

Stated fominuniciitioiis held in Masonic Ilall, Case 
l)li)ek, on liie tirst and third Wednesdaysof eaeli niontli. 
'I'he following are the jirescnt otficers: W. T. Roh- 
hiiis. W. M.: David Morison, S. W.; S. S. West, J. 
\V. ; i-'rank iJrcw.ster, treasurer; Ed. B. Bander, sco- 
re l;arv: .M. .1. iiiiwrence, S. D. ; B. Dettlebaeh, J. D.; 
Rev. A. R. I'aliner, chaj)lain; J. E. Bryan, W. C. 
Fair, stewards; M. Buchinaiin, tyler. 

WKST SinF. LODGE. 

West Side fjodgc No. 408 was organized under dis- 
|iriisation Decenilicr 28, 1874, and under charter 
N'livenilx'i' S. LSI."), with forty-two charter menilicrs, 
including I ho following (lOicers: F. W. Pelton, W. 
M.: E. R. (Joodrich, S.W.; S. J. Lewis, J.W.; S. C. 
Lewis, treasnrer; Frank Wright, secretary; Geo. II. 
Willis, S.I).; Geo. W. Glines, J.D.; M. P. McGregor, 
steward; Michael Apj), steward; Edward Lindsloy, 
tyler. 

Stated meetings are held on the second and fourth 
Mondays of each month, in Proheck's Hall, West 
Side. The oiScers for 1870 were M. P. McGregor, 
W.^L; M. F. Ellis, S.W.; L. W. Day, J.W.; Geo. 
W. Glines, treasurer; Frank Wright, secretary; Thos. 
Liggel, S.l).; V. II. Morgan, J.D.; L. T. Denuison, 
tylcT. * 

ELLSWORTH LODGE. 

Ellsworth Lodge No. 505 was organized in 1S05, 
and has now a membership of sixty. The lodge meets 
at its hall in Miller's Block, South Side, on the second 
and fourth Thursdays of each month. The officers 
f.u- 1870 were C. J. Forbes, W.M.; J. H. Ni.xon,, S. 
W. : Wni. C'ullen, J.W. ; J. 0. Hemmeter, treasurer; 
Win. Norsworthy, secretary; Daniel Postance, S.I).; 
G. L. Pierce, J.D.; W. W. Hathaway and John 
Norsworthy, stewards; Clias. Bierer, marshal; W. A. 
Lathroi). tylei'. 

WOODVVAKD LODGK. 

Woodward Lodge No. 508, F. and A. ^L, was or- 
ganized under dispensation March 4, 1875, bnt did 
not receive a charter until October following. The 
first olVicers were: George A. Bemis, W. M.: ('. II. 
Ostrander, S. AV. ; Hugh Buckley, J. W. ; E. M. 
Avery, S. D. ; W. A. NefT, J. D.; A. II. Stone, treas- 
urer; W. J. Bradshaw, secretary; G. B. llendershot, 
tyler. 

The persons elected to the position of Worshipful 
Master since organization liave been as follows: G. A. 
Bemns, 1S75; Hugh Bneklcy, lS7fi; 0. F. Gibbs, 
Is; 7. All oflicers are elected annually. Stated com- 
niunieations are held on the second and fonrth 
Wednesday of each month at No. 1038 Euclid ave- 
nue. This lodge numbers at present fifty-nine metn- 
bers. The present oflicers are: (ieorge A. Bemis, W. 
M.: H. P. Atwood, S. W.: II. C. White, J. W.; A. 
II. Stone, treasurer; W. J. Bradshaw, secretary; L. 



B. Snow, S. I).; H. ('. Ferris, J. D. ; Z. R. Cornwall 
and M. I!. Gary, stewards; G. B. Hendershoi. tyler. 

WEisn farAi'iKii. 

The organization of Webb Chapter No. H, Royal 
Arch Masons, daies from the 18th of January, 182(1, 
A. Inv. 2350, when a petition was jn'csented to the 
State Grand Chapter for a disjiensation. This being 
granted, Reuben Smith was appointed high |)riest; 
Comp. J. Hubbell, K; Comp. Matthew Williams, 
scribe. 

The first regitlar meeting under this warrant was 
held February It!, 182G, at Comp. I). Mcintosh's Hall, 
when six brethren were advanced to the degree of 
mark master. On the 21st of February the M. E. II. 
P. appointed Comp. M. Oviatt, secretary. At the 
meeting held December 12, 182(J, the chapter elected 
the following officers. E. Smith, II. P; M. Oviatt. 
K.; A. Abel, 8. On January 8, 1828, the chapter 
finally succumbed to the anti-masonic excitement and 
was not revived until January 23, 1842, when it was 
again opened under the authority of a dispensation 
appointing A. D. Smith, II. P.; T. A. Ingraham, K.; 
S. F. Clary, S. 

The succession of High Priests has been Reuben 
Smith, 182G, temporary appointee, afterwards at an- 
nual election in December was elected for one year; J. 
Sizer, 1827; A. D. Smith, 1842, under appointment 
January 22, 1842; T. A. Ingraham elected October 
27, 1842, to serve until December following. S. F. 
Clary, 1843 to 1853; H. C. Kiugsley, 1852; R. P. 
Spaulding, 1853; E. R. Griswold, 1854; R. Creigh- 
tou, 1855; 0. A. Hough, 1856; Peter Thatcher, 1857 
-8; A. C. McNairy, 1850-G0-1-3: Charles A. Wood- 
ward, 18G3-4-5-6-7; E. A. Hopkins, 18G8; George 
H. Adams, 18G9-70; E. B. Chamberlain, 1871; C. 
A. Woodward, 1872-3; G. W. Berry, 1874-5; W. B. 
Hillman, 187G; George A Wright, 1877-8-9. The 
])resent officers are (ieorge A. Wright, JI. E. H. P.; 
James R. Goldson, E. K. ; Charles R. Butler, E. S.; 
William Wilkshire, C. H.; L. A. WHlIson, P. S.; 
Thomas Larter, R. A. C. ; M. J. Lawrence, G. M. 3d 
v.; John H. Asplin, G. M. 2d Y.; C. D. Collins, G. 
M. 1st v.; C. E. Stanley, treasurer; Sam. Briggs, 
secretary; Wni. A. Lyon, guard. 

Present number of members three hundred and 
fifty. Stated convocations are held in Masonic Hall. 
Ca.se block, on the first and third Tliursdays of each 
month. 

TIIATCHER CIIAr'TER. 

Thatcher Chajiter, No. 101, of Royal Arch Mjisons, 
working uiuler authority of a warrant or dis]>ensation 
granted by the (irand High Priest of the Grand Chap- 
ter of Ohio, was (H-ganizcd April 25, 18G7, having 
twenty-two charter members. The first officers were 
as follows: Peter Thatcher. M. E. H. P.; E. T. Ell.s- 
worth, E. K.; F. W. Pelton. ]•;. S. 

The succession of ^f. E. H. P., from organization, 
is as follows: Peter Thatcher, 18G7; E. T. Ellsworth, 



288 



THE CtTY OF CLEVELAND. 



18G8-0; F. W. Peltoii, 1870; J. E. Rol)insoii, 1871; 
S. F. Langell, 1872; IL F. Pcrcival, 1873; J. M. 
Tl]ori)e, 1874; George A. Bemis, 1875; W. H. Ead- 
cliff, 1870; C. H. Ostrander, 1877; E. K. Oo(xlnch, 
1878; 0. G. Allen, 1879. 

Stated convocatious are lield in Masonic Ilall, Frank- 
lin avenne, on the second and fourth Fridays of each 
month. 

The Chapter has at present two hundred and seven 
members. The present officers are G. G. Allen, M. 
E. H. P.; M. P. McGregor, E. K.; L. T. Dennison, 
E. S. ; M. App, C. n. ; F. McXess, P. S. ; T. Liggett, 
R. A. C. ; J. C. Weideinan, treasurer; J. H. Snow, 
secretary; C. G. Williams, G. M. 3d V.; T. S. Ingra- 
hani, G. M. 2d V.; A. Andrews, G. M. 1st V.; W. 
Caldwell, guard. 

BAKEIl CHAPTER. 

Baker Chapter No. 139, R. A. M., was organized 
January 1, 1875, with ten charter members. Stated 
convocations arc held in Masonic Hall on Broadway, 
on the second and fourth Tuesdays of each month. 
The lodge has now a membership of sixty, and is in 
a flourishing condition. The officers for 1879 were C. 
P. Jcwett, M. E. H. P.; E. L Freeman, E. K.; J. 
1). Runals, E. S.; G. E. Dunbar, C. H.; C. L. 
TIcath, P. S.; J. B. Corlett, R. A. C; Frank Cler- 
n.ond, a. M. 3rd V.; Eljas Shepard, G. M. 3nd 
V.;AV. H. Lamprocht, -f}. M. ' 1st V.; G. G. Ilick- 
os, treasurer; H. P. BrG>w.n,. secretary; A. J. Wells, 
guard. 

CLEVELAND COUNCIL. 

Cleveland Council No. 3(1, E. and S. M., was or- 
ganized January 21, 1805, with the following officers: 
E. A. Hopkins, T. J. M.; C. A. Woodward, 1). M.; 
G. H. Adams, P. C. W. ; Edward Bud wig, treasurer; 
D. E. Field, recorder: G.W. Berry, C. G. Thechief 
presiding officers down to 1879 have been E. A. Hop- 
kins, C. A. Woodwai-d, 0. Hayward, G. W. Berry 
and G. A. Wright. 

The officers for 1879 are George A. Wright, T. I. 
M.; 0. Hayward, D. M.; William Wilkshire, P. C. 
W.; C. A. Woodward, treasurer; C. D. Collins, re- 
corder; L. A. Willson, C. G. The membership in 
August, 1879, was two hundred and three. Stated 
assemblies are held in .Masonic hall, Ca.se block, on 
the second Tuesilay of each month. 

ORIENTAL COMMANDERY. 

Oriental Commandery No. 13, Knights Templar, 
Wits organized July 25, 1851, with the following per- 
sons as the first officers: A. D. Bigelow, W. H. Beau- 
mont, E. Kiugsley, Robert Riley, Jr., H. A. Hough, 
Robert Riley, Sr., J. W. Afilligan. 

The chief officers with their terms of service have 
been as follows: A. D. Bigelow, Eminent Commander, 
1851-2-3; W. H. Beaumont, 1854; Edward R. Gris- 
wold, 1855-C-7; Richard Creighton, 1858-9-00; Albert 
C. McNairy, 1801; Hemau Ely, 180-2-3-4-5: Edgar 



A. Hopkins, 1806-7; Charles A. Woodward, 1868-9; 
ElishaT. Ellsworth, 1870-1; B. D. Babcock, 1872- 
3-4; G. H. Adams, 1875; B. D. Babcock, 1876-7: J. 
M. Booth, 1878. 

Stated assemblies are held in the asylum. Case block, 
on the first Monday of each month. The present 
membership numbers two hundred and fifty. The 
officers for the year 1879, are as follows: Sir C. E. 
Stanley, E. C; Sir S. Sickels, Gen.; Sir J. N. Frazee. 
Capt. Gen.; Rev. Sir. J. J. A. Morgan, Prelate; Sir 
A. S. Honk, S. W.; Sir J. W. Gibbons, J. W.; Sir 
G. A. Wright, Treas.; Sir S. M. Stone. Rec. ; Sir Geo. 
Sherman, standard bearer; Sir J. R. Golson; sword 
bearer; Sir M. D. Luehrs, warder; Sir W. A. Lyon, 
sentinel; Sir E. D. Page, Sir C. R. Butler, Sir Tbos. 
Liggett, guards. 

nOLTROOD COMMANDERY. 

This Commandery (No. 32, Knights Templar) was 
granted a dispensation Septembar 10, 1877, and or- 
ganized January 20, 1878, working under dispensa- 
tion until November 8, 1878, when the commandery 
was d,uly constituted. 

Its officer.s are George A. Baker, CDiinent com- 
mander; Samuel Brigg.s, generalissimo; George W. 
Short, captain general; A. C. Miller, prelate; Charles 
W. Wesley, senior warden; Horace AV. Hubbard, 
junior warden; Orville P. Skinner, treasurer; George 
W. Howe, recorder; Lucien Hills, standard bearer; 
David McClaskey, warder. 

ELIADAH GKAND LODfiE OF PERFECTION. 

The Eliadah Grand Lodge of the Ancient Scottish 
Rite was organized May 27, 1859. The charter mem- 
bers were elected to the respective offices of the lodge. 
Those members, six in number, were as follows: Petin- 
Thatcher, Jr., Edward R. Griswold, Albei't C. 
McNairy, Theodore Ross, David E. Field, Richard 
Creighton. The succession of grand masters from 
the organization has been as follows: Peter Thatcher, 
Jr., from May 27, 1859, to February 19, 1800; E. A. 
Plopkins, from February 19, 1860, to January 4. 1868; 
C. A. Woodward, from January 4, 1808, to February 
8, 1875; J. M. Booth, from February 8, 1875, to 
Febrnary 0, 1878; C. A. Woodward was again elected 
G. M., February 0, 1878. 

The present officers are C. A. Woodward, T.-.P;. 
G.-.M.-. ; E. D. Page, D.-.G.-.M;. ; F. A. Morse, 
V.-.S.-.G.-.W.-. ; C. R. Butler, V.-.J.-.G.-.W.-. ; Rev. B. 
F. Brook, G.-.O.-. ; B. D. Babcock, G.-.T;. ; S. M. 
Stone, G.-.S;.K.-. of the S:. and A.-. ; Sara. Briggs, 
G.-.M.-. of C.-. J. W. Gibbons, G.-.C;. of the G.-. ; W. 
H. Parker, G.-.H.-.B.-. ; \Y. A. Lyon, G;.S.-. 

The lodge has a membership of one hundred and 
eighty-two, and meets on the first Saturday of each 
month at Masonic Hall, Case building. 

BAHIRIM COUNCIL, PRINCES OF JERUSALEM. 

This Council was organized June 15, 1859. The 
first officers of the Council were Albert C. McNairy, 




<^x?^^ /^c<.y-^Ji,.^^ 



ODD FELLOWS AND KNIGHTS OP PYTHIAS. 



289 



S. 1'. (i. M.: I'ekT Thiilclior, (!. H. P.: Kicliiinl 
(Jri'iglilon. S. (i. W.: David E. Field, J. <i. W. ; E<1- 
Wiird E. (iiiswold. (i. Treasurer; Theodore Koss, (i. 
Secretary. 'I'lie [iiX'siding officers of this Conned 
willi their terms of service have been as foIh)\vs; Al- 
herl C. McNairy, June 15, 185'J to April 25, ISGC; 
Edgar A. Hopkins, Ajjril 25, 1800, to January 4, 
IS(;8; Elisha T. Ellsworth, from January 4, 1S08 lo 
January 13, J871; Brenton D. Balicock, from Janu- 
ary i:i. 1871, to January 9, 1874; George l\. l?urt, 
present incund)ent., elected January 0, 1874. 

The present officers are as follows: (ieorgo U. l>urt, 
S.-.I';.(I;.M.-. ; Charles A. Woodward, (J.. H.. P.'. ; Ed- 
ward l». Page, S.-.G.-.W.-. ; Geo. A. Wright, J.-.(i.-. W.-. ; 
Hrenton 1). Haheock, G.'.Treas.'. ; Fre<l. A. Morse, G;. 
Seey;. ; Joshua M. Booth, G.-.M;.('.-. ; John W. Gih- 
hous, (i.-. A[.-. E;. ; William A. Lyon, G.-.T;. 

'I'iie Council has a membership of one hiiudred and 
eighty-three, and holds regular meetings on the third 
Saturday of each month, at Masonic Hall, Case block. 

AIUEL CHAI'TEK S. P. KOSF, CHOIX I)K II. It. I). M. 

Ariel Chapter was organized Juno 18, 1800. The 
first elected officers wei'e: Tlicodoro Hose, M.-.W;. .t 
P;.M.-. ; Peter Thatcher, Jr., P.-.K.-.S.-. W;. ; Albert 
(!. MeNairy, P.-.K.-.J.-.W.-. ; George 11. Burt. l';.K;. 
Secy.-. ; Robert S. Weaver, K.-.M.-.C.-. ; liieliard 
Creighton, P;.K.-.C.-.G.-. 

The presiding officers of the Chapter from the time 
of its organization liave been as follows: Theodore 
Rose, June 18, 1800, to May 2, 18C0; E. A. Hopkins, 
May 2, 1800 to January 4, 1808; Richard Creighton, 
January 4, 1808 to March 25, 1809; Sheldon Sickles, 
.March 25, 1809, to April 10, 1873; C. A. Woodward, 
Ai)ril 10, 1873 to May 0, 1875; B. I). Babcock, May 
0, 1S75, to May 30, 1878. Sam. Briggs was chosen 
-M.-.W.-. A l'.-..M.-. May 30, 1878, and still holds that 
.illire. 

The ( 'lia[ili'r at pi'csent shows au eni-ollnienl of one 
liiuidi-c(l and eighty-one members. The prescul otli- 
eers are: Sam. Brigg.s, M:.\V:. & P.-.M.-. ; F. .\. 
-Morse. P..K..S.-.W.-. ; A. S. Houk, P.-.K.-.J.-.W..; 
l!ev. J. W. liroun. P.. K.-.O;. ; C. A. Woodward, 
P.lv.-.Treas.-. ; E. 1). Baker, P.-.K.-.Secy.. ; W. W. 
Parker. P.. K;. llosp.-. ; Sheldon Sickles, K.-.M.-.C..: 
(i.-orge A. Wright, P.-.K.-.C.-.G;. 

Convocations are held monthly on the tiiir<l Satur- 
day at Masonic Hall, Case block. 

AL KOK.W TlvMJ'I.IC. 

Al Koran Temple, .\niient Ai-aliic Order Nobh'sof 
the Mystic Shrine, was organized in October, ISTO, 
and iijis now a membership of tltly. I'etition.s for 
niond)ershii) are entertained only from A.-. A.-. Rite 
.Masons and Knights Temjilar. ]"\u- 1S79 the officers 
Were Sam. Briggs, P. P.,.Jolin-\. Norton, Rec. ; ('has. 
T. Wesley, treasurer. 



C II APT K 1! 1, V 1 1 1. 

ODD FELLOWS AND KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS. 

( 'levi-laiid I.cpdgf, I. *). (). K.- f 'uyalioga— Erie Phu'iiix— Cataract— 
Allemania— Anchor — Univcrsily .\1na7.011 — iianiiei- MavHower— 
North Wing Enoanipnient— liarmonia Encampim-nt— Lake Shore 
Lodge, K. of P.— Wa.shinKton— Herman— Standard— Cleveland— Owa- 
tonna .South .Side- Oak— Korest City— Red Cross .Section Seventy- 
Eight— Section Eiglity-Nine Preti.v Chevalier Division. 

f'LEVEI,A-\l) LODCiE. 

Cleveland Lodge No. 13, I. O. O. F., was granted 
a ciiarter April 10, 1842, but was not regulai'ly insti- 
tuted until May 14th of the .same year. This is the 
oldest lodge in Northern Ohio. The charter mem- 
bers were Gideon F. Tindall, .lolm Forbey, J. H. 
Monroe, J. J. Phillips, Francis Harding, S. B. Lo- 
gan, Isaac C'ornell, D. A. Eddy, Albert Harri.s, Wil- 
liam Cubbin, Edward Downs. 

The following is a list of the Noble Gi-and.s, with 
the years in which they held office. From the organ- 
ization until January 1, 1847, the term of office was 
three months; since that time it has been six months. 
The Noble Grands of each year are arranged in the 
order in which they occupied the chair: In 1842, 
Gideon F. Tindall, Edward Downs and S. B. Logan; 
1843, Henry Morgan, Madison Miller, Robert John- 
ston and (ievi-ge Judkins; 1844, William Bailey, Nel- 
son Ilayward, J. K. Baker and Hcni-y Morgan; 1845, 
Robert Bailey, William Cul)bin, David Russell and G. 
F. Tindall; 1840, William Smith, John Shelley, F. 
J. Hamilton and James F. Wilbur; 1847, W. Thomp- 
son and W. Strong; 1848, W. Strong and J. S. An- 
drews; 1849, E. F. I'underson and George A. Stan- 
ley; 1850, J. E. Williams and Richard Wynne; 1851, 
L. D. Griswold and James Chubb; 1852, George H. 
Adams and Justin Morrison; 1853, David Schuh and 
William H. Nay; 1854, Henry Frissell and George W. 
Berry; 1855, Charles H. l?Hbcock and George F. 
Marshall; 1850, Isaac N. Pillsbnry and A. C. Brain- 
ard; 1857, William II. Nay and Hamilton Stickney; 
IS5K. K. 11. Boggs and II. P. .F,nie.>^: lS5!i. John S. 
-Martin and J. M. Bhu-kliiini; ISCl), William J. 
Rhodes and Thomas 1). Clliristian; 1801, David G. 
Habon and William ^'app; 1802, A. S. Allen and S. 
C!. Hurd; 1803, William Wood and Frederick Dalton; 
1804, Matthew Wil.'^on and S. A. Haven; 1805, Ilenrv 
P.owlcy and B. McGrath; 1800, Nathan Carnigie and 
.1. S. Peiley; 1807, F. U. Humphrey and 'J'homas 
Simmons; 1808, S. W. Howe and John H. Richard- 
son; 18<!9, Thomas J. McGarry and William P. Lusc; 
1870, David A. Cattell and (U'orge H. Macy; 1871, 
William W. Castle and Benjamin King.sborough: 
1872. C. W. Dill and Samuel Haynes; 1873, Philip 
.Megcith and Thomas Rowell; 1874, J. II. Deckand 
and (J. L. Benton; 1875, .1. .1. Farwell and James A. 
Robinson; 1870, ,). ,1. (^iiay and S. H. Johnson; 18:7, 
C. E. Page and W. C. Fisk; 1878, A. C. Longacre 
and S. B. Corregan. 

The lodge has a present membership of one hun- 
dred and sevButy-nine, and meets eaCh Monday even- 



290 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



ing ill the Odd Fellows' Hall, No. 34 MoDumental 
•Square. The present officers of the lodge are as fol- 
lows: H. Watterson, N. G.; W. H. Newton, V. G.; 
James A. Robinson, Rec. Sec.; G. A. Randall, Per. 
Sec; W. J. Rhodes, treasurer. 

CUYAHOGA LODGE. 

Cuyahoga Lodge No. 23, I. 0. 0. F., now num- 
bering over one hundred and fifty members, hold 
regular weekly meetings at No. 34 Monumental 
Square. The officers of the lodge are elected every 
six months. The present officials are 0. Fraser, P. 
G.; E. H. Strass, N. G.; J. Collins, V. G.; F. Bay- 
lor, R. S.; H. Bolton, P. S.; J. S. Wood, treasurer; 
A. Inglis, W. ; H. A. Heimsmith, C. ; T. Kain, R. 
S. N. G.; George Weckerling, L. S. N. G.; J. A. 
Smith, R. S. V. G.; Ciiarles Lloyd, L. S. V. G. ; W. 
Eolohan, R. S. S.; J. P. Neil, L. S. S.; J. Wilson, 
T. G. 

ERIE LODGE. 

Erie Lodge No. 27, I. 0. 0. F., was organized May 
8, 1844, and lias now a membership of two hundred 
and ten. The officers are Wm. E. Starling, N. G. ; 
Geo. M. Kinsey, V. G.; C. P. Allen, R. S.; J. D. 
Anderson, P. S. ; James Hays, T. Regular meetings 
are held in Odd Fellows' Block, corner of Pearl and 
Church streets, every Friday evening. 

PHCENIX LODGE. 

Phoenix Lodge No. 233, I. 0. 0. F., was organized 
March 27, 1854, at which time the following persons 
■were elected officers: G. E. Starkweather, N. G. ; 
Charles A. Crumb, V. G. ; Sanford J Lewis, perma 
cent secretary; Charles W. Standart, recording secre- 
tary; G. B. Folsom, treasurer. These, with the 
addition of Charles W. Palmer and G. E. Russell, 
comprised tJie charter members of the society. Offi- 
cers are elected semi-annually in January and July of 
each year. The succession of presiding officers has 
been as follows, with the dates of election respec- 
tively: G. E. Starkweather, 1854; C. A. Cruml), 
1854; C. W. Standart, 1855; C. W. Palmer, 1855; 
Belden Seymour, 185G; Hiram Stone, 1856; J. H. 
Miller, 1857; Francis Foster, 1857; S. N. Nelson, 
1858; J. W. Welsh, 1858; H. Parsons, 1850; Dan'l 
Stcphan, 1859. S. N. Nelson, 1800; L. R. Morris, 
1800; Geo. W. Turner, 1861; L. D. Twitchell, 1861; 
S. J. Burlison, 1862; Jas. Neville, 1862; Ambrose 
Antliony, 1863; J. Wylie Smith, 1863; A. T. Van 
Tassell, 1864; M. E. Beckwith, 1864; J. B. Sliull, 
1865; W. W. Williams, 1865; Y. Maytham, 1806; J. 
Rigg, 1866; Wm. J. Ranney, 1867; J. M. Drake, 
1807; Jolin J. Cannon, 1868; Belden Seymour, 1S6S; 
Ellas Ede, 1869; Conrad Deubel, 1869; Benj. Brit- 
ton, 1870; W. AV. Gould, 1870; G. L. Barber, 1871; 
A. Hartsell, 1871; J. M. Ribble, 1872; J. Rigg, 1872; 
E. J. Chubb, 1873; H. E. Chubb, 1873; A. D. Beck- 
with, 1874; E. K. Wilcox, 1874; M. A. Shane, 1875; 
C. C. Campbell, 1875; J. W. Anthony, 1876; W. M. 



Redman, 1876; J. C. Skeel, 1877; H. S. Nelson, 
1877; E. E. Brown, 1878; Belden Seymour, 1878-9. 

Phoenix Lodge dedicated its first hall August 2, 
1854, on whicli occasion interesting addresses were 
made by Chas. W. Palmer and Dr. AV alter Prentice. 
Tliis place of meeting was in Sanford's Hall, Detroit 
street, West Side. 

The first anniversary was puljjicly celelirated March 
27, 1855; and an address delivered by the Noble 
Grand, Chas. AV. Palmer. 

PJKpnix Lodge has furnislied two Grand Masters of 
the State of Ohio, Beldeu Seymour and E. K. AVilcox, 
the former of whom was also Grand Representative 
to the Grand Lodge of the United States. 

The present officers are as follows: Belden Sey- 
mour, N. G.; E. K. AVilcox, V. G.; J. C. Cannon, 
R. S.; H. E. Chubb, P. S.; J. AVagner, T. ; S. N. 
Nelson, R. S. N. ; A. A. AVeniiam, L. S. N. G. ; J. 
AA'ylie Smith, R. S. V. G.; John Nelson, L. S. V. G. ; 
R. Bacon, C. ; Alex. Hadden, AA^; J. H. Lockwood, 
R. S. S.; W. M. Crowell, L. S. S. ; A. Kinney, I. G.; 
AV. AV. AVilliams, 0. G. 

The number of members enrolled and paying dues 
is two hundred and fifteen. The present place of 
meeting is in the fine hall built and owned jointly l)y 
Phcenix and Erie Lodges, corner of Pearl and C'hnreli 
streets, AVest Side. Pluenix Lodge meets every Mon- 
day evening. 

CATARACT LODGE. 

Cataract Lodge, No. 295, L 0. 0. F., was organized 
September 18, 1855. The first officers were as fol- 
lows: Leander Firestone, N. G. ; John Quayle, V.G. ; 
Joseph Turney, R. S. ; C. P. Jewett, P. S. ; B. S. 
Wiggins, T. ; Clark Caley, AV. ; A. J. Spencer, C. : 
N. T. Meacli, L G. ; E. siiepard, 0. G. Officers are 
elected semi-annually. Tlie Lodge numbers at ])re- 
sent one liundred and five members, and meets Wed- 
nesday evenings at No. 2,583 Broadway. The present 
officers areM. K. Shoemaker, N. G. ; A\'m. P. Brauud, 
V. G.; II. L. Reed, R. S.; A. J. Spencer, P. S.; F. 
K. Reed, T.; Daniel Kelley, AV.; R. S. Corlett, ('.; 
Jacob Kohlman, I. G. ; Thos. Richardson, 0. G.; C. 
A. Marble, R. S. N. (i.; Eli Cannell, L. S. N. G.; 
Benj. Sawyer, R. S. V. (J.; R. Woodlcy, L. S. V. (J. 

ALLEMAXIA LODGE. 

Tliis Lodge, No. 370, \. 0. 0. P., was organized 
July 9, 1863, with twenty-two members. It now has 
a membership of one liundred and eighty-one. 'i'iu' 
officers are Frank Kysella, N. G.; Wm. Ileinznian. 
V. G. ; John Ruchle, S.; J. M. Acker, F. S. ; Lewis 
Ilauslieer, T. ; TlieodoreScliehran, P. G. Tiie Lodge 
meets every Thursday evening, at No. 34, Monu- 
mental square. 

ANTTIOR LODGE. 

Tliis Lodge, No. 387, I. 0. 0. P., was instituted 
June 27, 1867, witli the following officers: Fred. 
Otte, N. G.; George Schaffer, V. G. ; L. Larsman, 
S.; I. J. AVcideman, P. S.; I. P.. AVilbur, T. Rcgu- 



ODD FELLOWS AND KNKillTS OF rVTlIlAS. 



21J1 



lar meetings are licld at Wagner's block, 361 Pearl 
street, every Thursday evening. The term of office 
is six mouths. The lodge is composed of Germans 
and niiniljors lifty-eiglit. The present officers are 
IVtur Kufsendor, N. (i.; L Detfs, V. (!.; L Beck, S. ; 
1. L Wuidmiin, P. S. ; I. C. Weidman, T. 

UNIVKRSITY LODUE. 

Lodge No. ilrt, 1. 0. 0. h\, wasorganized in 1867, 
and Inis now eighty-one members. Regular meetings 
are lield every Thursday evening at tlie corner of 
Merchant avenue and Fairfield street. The officers 
arc J. M. Johnson, N. G. ; J. G. Paddock, V. G.; 
.M. 1). Mott, P. 8.; II. E. Mason, K. «. ; C. A. Fish, 
T. 

DONAU LODGE. 

Lodge No. -17.3, I. 0. 0. F., was organized June 
!'.•. IiS71. Its niembers number now seventy-six and 
its officers are Wm. Ueite, N. G.; J. M. Hirl, V. G. ; 
Joseph Schneider, I{. S. ; J. A. Enkler, P. S. ; Henry 
Streiter, T. Regular meetings are held every Wed- 
nesday evening at the corner of Columbus and Vega 
street. 

AMAZON LODGE. 

Amazon Lodge No. 567 I.O.O. F. was instituted 
June 2, 1S7-1, with the following officers: H. B. Car- 
penter, N.G. ; L. D. Roberts, V.G.; Marcus Wickes, 
R.S.; Charles Bangs, P.S.; T. S. Pelton, T. The 
society has at present eiglity-six members, and meets 
each Wednesday evening, at their room on the corner 
of Lorain and Root streets. The officers are G. P. 
Gcib, N.G.; N. B. Kellogg, V.G. ; George Cassidy, 
R. S.; 11. G. Siplien, P. S. ; M. 0. Kellogg, T. 

BANNER LODGE. 

This Lodge, No. 57S, I.O.O.F., was organized June 
24, lS7-t. Its first officers were P. Waldeck, noble 
grand; 0. L. Rider, vice grand; A. L. Somers, re- 
cording secretary; 0. Slack, {)ermanent secretary; 
.fames McMahon, treasurer. 

'I'hc following have been tiie ciiief officers of the 
society from tiie time of the organization, with the 
date of assuming office: P. Wakleck, June 24, 1874; 
t). L. Rider, January \, IS7."): A. L. Somers, July 1, 
ls;:i: i). 0. Talcott, .lanuary 1, 187G; James Mc- 
Mahon, July 1, 1816; C. L. Anderson, January 1, 
is;;; Jesse Peet, July 1, 1877; J. A. Mcintosh, .Jan- 
uary 1, 1878; E. Zehner, July 1, 1878; F. W. Lewis, 
January 1, 187'.». 

Tiie present officers are F. W. Lewis, noble grand; 
G. .\. llcrringshaw, vice grand; Alex. McBane, re- 
cording secretary; E. N. Lealiiers, iiermancnt secre- 
tary; James McMalion, treasurer; A. L. Somers, 
Chris. A. Nauert and Jesse Peet, trustees. The 
society now numbers about eighty members, and 
meets every Tiiursday evening, at Rock's new block, 
corner of Woodland and Wilson avenues. 



MAYFLOWER LODGE. 

Mayflower Lodge No. 679, I. 0. 0. F., was organ- 
ized June IG, ]87!>, and now numbers twenty-eight 
members, witli the following officers: Joiui E. Darby, 
N. G. ; Tliomas E. Johnson, V. G. ; A. Bartholomew, 
secretary; Henry Graham, P. S. ; P. II. Repp, T. 
Regular meetings are held every Monday evening at 
the corner of St. Clair and Phelps streets. 

NORTH WING ENCAMPMENT. 

Nortli Wing Encampment No. 88, I. 0. 0. F., 
was organized July 30, 1862. The officers now are 
Wdliam E. Starling, C. P.; Henry Folliett, S. W.; 
G. M. Kinsey, J. W.; William H. Price, Jr., II. P.; 
J. L. Shephard, 1st W. ; A. A. Wenhani, 2d W. ; A. 
II. Weed, 3d W.; William McGehan, 4th W.; P. W. 
Dracket, 1st G. of T.; C. M. Ilurlbert, 2d G. of T.; 
John Cowle, T. 

The membership is now one hundred and eighty; 
the place of meeting (every Wednesday evening) be- 
ing at Odd Fellows Ilall, corner of Pearl and Church 
streets. 

IIARMONIA ENCAMPMENT. 

Ilarmonia Encampment, I. 0. 0. F., was organized 
May 8, 1872, with twenty-seven mendjers, and has 
now twenty-nine. The officers are John Oswald, C. 
P.; Franz Frankie, ¥. S. ; Daniel Maeder, T. ; L. 
Poplowsky, II. P. Regular meetings are held at 34 
Public S(pnire, tlie second and fourtli Tuesdays of 
each month. 

LAKE SHORE LODGE (KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS). 

Lake Shore Lodge No. 6, K. of P., was organized 
May 25, 1869. Its first officers were W. H. Jones, 
C. C; Thomas Axworthy, V. C; F. W. Pelton, P.; 
W. J. Ranney, K. of R. and S. ; H. J. Webb, M. of 
F. ; Tliomas Willows, M. of E. ; Charles II. Babcock, 
M. at A.; F. Hoffman, I. G.; J. L. Sheppard, 0. G. 

The lodge has at present a membership of two hun- 
dred and eleven. Regular meetings are held each 
Tuesday evening in Root's block. Pearl street, corner 
of Detroit. 

The i)resent officers are as follows: George KeifFer, 
P. C. Charles A. W. Rice, C. C. ; R. D. Ui-degraff, 
V. ('.; Judson Pratt, P.; 0. H. P. Hicks, M. of E.; 
F. W. Davis, M. of F.; Charles B. Dole, K. of R. 
and S. ; George C. Kreek, JI. at A.; Fred. A. Smith, 
1. G. ; J. L. Sheppard, 0. G. 

WASHINGTON LODGE (K. OF P.). 

Washington Lodge No. 10, was organized August 
8, 1869. There are now one hundred and twenty-six 
members, and the officers are C. J. McDowell, P. C. ; 
E. H. Gault, C. C; Louis Black, V. C; Samuel 
Ward, P.; E. W. Cooper, K. of R. & S.; Thomas 
Tibbitt, M. of F.; W. B. Rich, M. of E.; E. W. God- 
dard, M. at A.; Louis Stanton, I. G.; M. E. Kava- 
nagh, 0. G. 



292 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Kcgular meetings are held every Friday evening at 
tlie corner of Ontario and High streets. 

HERM.\SN LODGE (K. OF P.). 

Hermann Lodge No. 40, K. of 1'., was organized 
December 11, 1871, willi the following officers: Chas 
Saeltzer, C. C; J. N. Wagner, V. C; Phillip L. 
Baum, K. of E. and S.; Christ. Marten, M. of F.; 
.John Gerloch, M. of E.; J. C. "Weideman, M. at A.; 
J. Unkrich, L G.; J. C. Ferbert, 0. G. 

Kegular meetings are held each Tuesday evening at 
Castle Hall, No. 303 Pearl street. 

The i)rescnt officers are C. V. Paeltzer, P. C. ; J. 
C. Ferbert, C. C; H. "W. AVeidemaun, V. C; A. IL 
Gehriug, P.; John Hcheniermann, K. of K. and 8.; 
J. N. Wagner, M. of F. ; J. J. AVeidemann, M. of E. ; 
A. Cardis, M. at A.; F. Woodworfh, L G., George 
Eiber, O. G. 

STANUAUU LODliE (K. OF P.). 

Standard Lodge No. 46, K. of P., was instituted 
June 17, 1872, with the following officers: E. AV. 
Johns, P. C!. ; Thomas James, C. C. ; Robert Hearst, 
V. C; AVm. E. Edwards, K. of E. and S.; George 
Thomas, M. F. : AVilliam McKinze, M. E.; H. J. 
Bullock, M. A.: David Y. James, I. G.; C. Q. Scott, 
O. G. 

This Lodge has a membershiji of one hundred and 
seventeen. Regular meetings are held every Thurs- 
day night at No. 2509 Broadway. 

The present officers are Hugh Wright, P. C. ; Frank 
R. Shattuck, C. C; Matthew AVright, V. C; James 
McKay, P.; Peter J. Dolsen, K. of R. and S.; John 
E. Coleman, M. F. ; Thomas Thompson, M. E. ; Jo- 
seph Hillier, M. A.; D. F. Lockhart, L G.; Thomas 
Richardson, 0. G. 

CLEVELAND LODGE (K. OF P.). 

Cleveland Lodge No. 01, Knights of Pythias, was 
organized October 7, 1873, witli sixteen charter mem- 
bers, from whom the following officers were elected: 
Martin Maurer, P. C. ; A. Schwarz, C. C. ; Vincent 
Schafer, V. 0. ; Fred Hamm, P.; Charles Breves, K. 
of E. and S.; Henry Hoehn, M. of F.; A. E. Dehler, 
K. of E.; Henry M. Holzworth, L G.; Gottlieb 
Scheuei'man, 0. G. 

Eegular meetings are held every AA^ednesday evening 
at Saal's Hall, corner Lake and Ontario streets. The 
lodge has ninety members enrolled and in good stand- 
ing. At the last grand lodge session held at Steu- 
benville, Ohio, A. B. Schelleutrager, of Cleveland 
lodge, was appointed and confirmed Deputy Grand 
Master of the State, by the State Grand Chancellor. 

'J'his is the only entirely German Lodge of Knights 
of Pythias in Cuyahoga county. In May, 1879, the 
lodge formed the fifth degree of the Cliivalric Order, 
a "Uniform Division " called " Cleveland Division, 
No. 8," composed of thirty-five members, under com- 
mand of Maj. C. W. Kraus. 



The present officers are as follows: C. C. Schelleu- 
trager, P. C; William Trinkner, C. C; A. Schild- 
hauer, V. C. : A. Schaefer, P. ; A. Popowsky, K. of 
R. and S.; Ph. Hollander, M. of F.: Henry Klaus, 
K. of E.; Franz Eiche, M. at A.; Henry Gueutzler, 
I. G. ; Fred. A'ogt, O. G. 

OWATOXXA LODGE (iv. OF P.). 

Owatonna No. 62 was organized in 1873 with twen- 
ty-one charter members. It has now a membership 
of ninety, with the following officers: Herbert Hill, 
C. C; 6. 0. Butler, V. C. : G. II. AVadsworth, P.; 
G. C. Quiutrel, M. of F. : F. A. AVadsworth, M. of 
E.; P. Englet, M. at A.: William Henderson, P. C: 
Thomas Rowell, K. of R. and S. Regular meetings 
are held in Rock's block, corner of AVillson and Wood- 
land avenues, every AVednesday evening. 

SOUTH SIDE LODGE (K. OF P.). 

This lodge (No. 68) was organized in May, 187o, 
witli twenty-four members. There are now sixty- 
five, with the following officers: E. C. Stedman, C. 
C. ; F. R. Merchant, V. C. C. ; George C. Hola, P. : 
C. J. Robinson, K. of E. and S. ; AV. C. North, F. S. ; 
George W. Makepeace, M. E. Eegular meetings aie 
held on the first and third Mondays of each month at 
the corner of Merchant avenue and Fairfield street, 
AVest Side. 

OAK LODGE (K. OF P.). 

Oak Lodge No. 77, was organized in 187.J, and 
has now in good standing upwards of one hundred 
members. The officers are John AVathey, C. C. ; 
Jacob Schug, V. C; F. Ferval, P. C; H. Holcoml>, 
M. of F. ; Maynard Miller, M. of E. ; L. Mayer, K. 
R. and S. ; R. T. Morrill, P. Regular meetings arc 
held at 720 St. Clair avenue, every Wednesday even- 
ing. 

EOKEST CITY LODGE (K. OF P.). 

Forest City No. 78, was organized in 1875, and 
has now a membership of sixty. The officers are W. 
S. Forrester, C. C. ; W. 0. Cox, V. C. ; W. A. Har- 
vey, P. C; H. P. Gale, P.; N. L. Hibbard, K. of R. 
and S.; L. S. Chadwick, M. of F.; M. H. Brown, M. 
of E. ; John Newberry, M. of A.; C. A. Kyle, I. G. ; 
John Paul, 0. G. 

UED CROSS LODGE (K. OF P.). 

This lodge (No. 89) was formed in 1870, and has 
now a membership of sixty. The present officers are 
C. C. Reeves, C. C; J. F. Penwick, P. ('.; H. S. 
Schue, V. C; J. J. AVeinhardt, P.; George M. Love, 
M. of E.: William Heraerly, M. of F.; AVilliam Spil- 
ker, K. R. and S. ; George Cunningham, M. A. 
Eegular meetings are held every Wednesday evening, 
at 303 Peari street. 



FOKESTEljy, KKKillTy OF UONOK AND CLUBS. 



293 



ENDOWMENT SECTION SEVENTY-EIGHT (K. OF P.) 

'I'lii.s section was instituted JanuiU-y 2:5, 1878. 
'I'liere sire uow eigiity-seven niembcns, witli tlie fol- 
lowing ofticeva: C. J. McDowell, jn-esitlent; E. W. 
Cooi)er, .secretary and treasurer; J. M. Millard, guide; 
G. W. Taylor, ehai)lain; L. Mayer, guard; K. Strauss, 
sentinel. Tlegular meetings are held at tlie corner of 
Ontario and High streets the first and third Mondays 
of each month. 

ENDOWMENT SECTION EUillTY-NINE (K. OK 1'.) 

Section eighty-nine was organized in 18iS, and has 
now a membership of seventy-five.. Its oHicers are J. 
U. Ross, P. ; John McFerns, V. P. ; C. H. Dole, S. 
and T. ; Henry Biddle, Cr. ; Charles Mallory, G.' 
John Barnes, G"n. ; D. A. Udell, S. 
■ Ilegiilar meetings are held at 303 Pearl street on the 
second Tuesday of each month. 

I'KEUX CHEVALIEK DIVISION, UNIFORM HANK, 
(K. OE 1'.) 

The first officers of Preux Chevalier Division (No. 
3, of Ohio), Uniform Eank, Knights of Pythias, were 
Sir Knight Commander 0. II. P. Hicks; Sir Knight 
Lieutenant Commander E. C. Stednian; Sir Knight 
Recorder Charles A. W. Rice; Sir Knight Treasurer 
Eugene L. Closse. 

The present officers are Sir Knight Commander 0. 
11. P. Hicks; Sir Knight Lieutenant Comniander E. 
C. Stedman; Sir Knight Herald Henry \V. McDole; 
Sir Knight Recorder Henry Biddle; Sir Knight Trea- 
surer Thomas Boutall; Sir Knight (iuard George S. 
Tambling; Sir Knight Sentinel II. R. Sanborn; Sir 
Knight Surgeon Dr. J. F. Armstrong; Sir Knights 
Trustees O. II. P. Hicks, George Kieffer and E. L. 
Clo.ssc. 

The present number of members is fifty. Regular 
business meetings are held every third Thursday, and 
drill meelingsevery first, second and fourtli 'Thursday 
of ea('h monlh, at S ji.m. The armory aud hall of 
the (li\isionaro at the corner of Pearl aud liridge 
streets. 

llVAIKKiA DIVl.SION, I'NIEOKM KANK, (k. UK ]■. ) 

This division (No. 4) was organized in 1S79, and 
lias now a membership of thirty-six. The officers are, 
Sir Knight Commander E. II. Towson; Sir Knighl 
Lieutenant Commander C. \V. Burgess; Sir Knight 
Herald E. W. Cooper; Sir Knight Recorder C. E. 
Odell; Sir Knight Treasurer John Muest; SirKnight 
Guard .Vlexauder Ward; Sir Knight Sentinel George 
Kreck. 'I'he division drills at No. 52 Monumental 
Sfpiare, the second aod fourth Mondays of each 
niontii. 



CHAPTER LIX. 

FOKESTERS, KNIGHTB OF HONOB AND CLUBS. 

Ancient Order of Foresters- Court Kobiu Hood -Star of tlie Forest- Ex- 
celsior Little .lohn— I vanlioe. Standard— KinpT of tlie Germans- 
Woodland — Union — Zaboy — Rowanoprownost — Centennial Loilge, 
Knights of Honor— .\dvance Loilge -Cleveland — Triumph— Euclid 
Avenue— Idaho — Economy. Miscellaneou.<i Lodges— Excelsior C'lub — 
Union Club— Eclectic Club. Other Clubs aud Societies. 

ANCIENT OKDIOIi OK FOKESTERS. 

The Cleveland United District of the Ancient Or- 
der of Foresters meets on the fourth Thursdays of 
April and October. The officers for 1879, are S. A. 
Dillon, D. C. R. ; Samuel Finch, D. S. C. R. ; Robert 
Huntley, D. T. ; F. H. Elleiiberger, D. S. 

COUUT ROBIN HOOD. 

This Court, No. 5.5.52. A. 0. F. , was orijiinized 
! August 1, 1871, with the folloAving officers: John 
Harris, C. R. ; John Sharj), S. C. R. ; Thomas Tib- 
bitt, S. ; D. W. Harrison, A. S. ; Janatus Fuchs, T. ; 
Parker Shackeltou, S. W. ; Elijah Lear, J. W. ; John 
Bragg, S. B.; Robert Huntley, J. B. 

The Court has a membership of eighty-eigiit. Regu- 
lar meetings are held each alternate Thursday even- 
ing, at Saal'shall, corner of Lake and Ontario streets. 
The present officers are William Close, C. R. ; Bern- 
hiird Lellig, S. C. R. ; John Armstrong, T. ; W. J. 
Rowe, S. ; G. T. Marshall, .\. S. ; Theodore Wilder, 
S. W.; G. Glanfield, S. 1!.; W. 11. Gillard, J. B. 

COURT STAR OK THE KOREST. 

Court Star of the Forest No. 5553, A. 0. F., was 
organized at a preliminary meeting held July 24, 1871, 
althougli the first election did not occur until August 
9tii following. The first officers were Harry Kitcli- 
ingham, chief ranger; Alf. E. Brewster, sub-chief 
ranger; Edward Spnrr, .secretary; diaries Medhurst, 
treasurer; Harry Saywell, senior woodward; William 
Calhiway, junior woodward; C. Callaway, Jr., senior 
beadle; Thomas E. Cooper, junior beadle. 

The chief rangers of this court with the dates of 
their election have been as follows: Harry Kitching- 
ham, August 9. 1871 ; Joseph Stead, October 19, 1871; 
resigned April 24, 1872; Charles Medhurst, appointed 
May 1, 1872, for remainder of term; Edward Spiirr, 
July 3, 1872; W. Turrell, January 1, 1873; Charles 
.Medhurst, September 24, 1873; Alf. E. Brewster, 
.lanuary 14, 1874; Jolin Raines, July 8, 1874; Edward 
Spurr, January 14, 1875; Thomas Shnte, July 14, 
I.S75; re-elected January 12, 1876; Abraham Hardy, 
August S, 1S7<); Edward Spurr, July 10, 1877; John 
Wood, January 8, 1878; resigned March 21), l,s7S; 
Charles Medhurst, March 2'1, 1878; C. Callaway, Jr., 
June 25, 1878; re-ehjcted December 24, 187s. 

The present officers areC. Callaway, Jr., C. R. ; ('<. 
W. .Mcdiiurst, S. C. R. ; Thomas Colliiigs. T. : Win. 



294 



THE CITY OP CLEVELAND. 



A. Underwood, E. S.; AVm. Hodder, S. W.; W. C. 
Fuller, J. W.; W. Callaway, S. B.; C. R. Smith, J. 

B. The court now numbers sixty-two members. 
Regular meetings are lield on the second and fourtli 
Tuesday of each month in Knights of Pythias Hall, 
Harvey's Block, 1938 Euclid avenue. 

COURT EXCELSIOK. 

C!ourt Excelsior, No. 55.55, (A. 0. F. ), was organ- 
ized in 1871, and now has one hundred and fifteen 
members in good standing. Regular meetings are 
held on the second, third and fourth Saturdays of each 
month, at No. 3501 Broadway. The officers are, 
Peter Buckingham, C. R. ; David E. James, S. C. R. ; 
Jeffrey Hopkins, F. S. ; John Gallaglier, R. S. ; Ben- 
jamin Phillips, S. W. ; John Wilson, J. W. ; Samuel 
Young, S. B.; Harvey Burt, J. B. 

COIRT LITTLE .JOHN. 

Court Little John No. 5G99, A. 0. F., was organ- 
ized March 34, 1873, with fifteen charter members, of 
whom the following were chosen as the first officers: 
Dr. Isaac Kimberling, C. R. ; George L. Pierce, S. C. 
R. : Charles Burk,T. ; George Rowe, S. ; T. E. Buuney, 
S. W.; James Judd, J. W. ; W. Wright, S. B. ; J. 
Adloff, J. B.; J. Butler, R. Wetzell and J. E. Miller, 
trustees. The officers, except the secretary, are 
elected semi-annually. The secretary is elected annu- 
ally. The chief rangers since the organization have 
been, Isaac Kimberling and George Rowe, 1876; T. 
E. Bunney and H. Turnbull, 1877; J. Gates and 
Samuel Bugg, 1878. The present officers of the 
court are C. W. Leckenby, C. R. ; A. R. Bunney, S. 
C. R. ; Charles Birk, T. ; George Rowe, S. ; Edward 
Berry, S. W.; A. Inglis, J. W.; Eli White, S. B. ; 
H. Lowe, J. B. 

This court has a present membership of ninety, and 
meets semi-monthly at the corner of Pearl and Free- 
man streets, AVest Side. 

* COURT IVANHOE. 

This court (No. 5783), named after Scott's cele- 
brated hero, was instituted February 17, 1873, at 
Koebler's Hall on Woodland avenue. The first court 
officei's were Robert Huntley, C. R. ; A. Goakes, S. 
C. R. ; D. W. Harrison, secretary; J. Faulkner, 
treasurer; J. Weil, S. W. ; Thos. Neat, J. W.; S. 
Goldsmith, S. B.; E. Martin, J. B. 

The following have been the chief rangers of the 
court since its organization: Robert Huntley, D. W. 
Harrison, B. Mahler, J. Faulkner, R. Goulding, F. 
A. Dillon, Thos. J. Morrow, Fred. Colwell, J. R. 
Ransom. Of the past chiefs, Robt. Huntley served 
two terms and the others one term each. 

This court has been singularly unfortunate in the 
loss of its members by death, but nevertlieless has an 
accumulated fund of one thousand dollars. The 
members, now numbering over one hundred, are 
nearly all young men. Regular meetings are held on 



alternate Thursday evenings, at Halle's Hall, No. 
354 Ontario street. 

COURT STANDARD (NO. 5784). 

Court Standard was organized August 19, 1873, 
with the following as its first officers: John Biagg, 
C. R. ; Richard Brooks, S. C. R. ; Duncan Mcintosh, 
S. ; Henry James, T. ; J. D. Rowland, S. W. ; Rich- 
ard Gray, J. W.; E. D. Poyner, S. B.; G. H. Kline, 
J. B. 

The court has a membership of one liundred and 
fifteen. Officers are elected semi-annuallv. The fol- 
lowing list shows the succession of Chief Rangers 
with their terms of service from the time of organi- 
zation: J. Biagg, five months; R. Brooks, six months; 
J. D. Rowland, six months; T. Rowell, six months; 
J. N. Sherwin, six months; W. McLauchlin, twelve 
montlis; J. Baines, six months; G. Wooley, six 
months; W. A. Ward, six months; W. Bradford, six 
months. 

The ]ircsent officers of the court are B. Stokes, C. 
R.; J. W. Hague, S. C. R.; J. N. Sherwin, F. S. ; 
W. H. Cleveland, R. S. ; C. Baines, T. ; G. Ellacott, 
S. W. ; J. Westmark, J. W. ; R. Benchell, S. B. ; J. 
Campbell, J. B. Meetings are held every AVednesday 
evening in Fix's Block, No. 65 Scovill avenue. 

COURT PEARL OF THE RHINE. 

Court No. 6363, A. 0. F., was instituted Septem- 
ber 33, 1876, with the following officers: Charles 
Benz, C. R. ; Frank Hintermeyer, S. C. R. ; Fred. 
Scharf, P. S. ; John Spaller, F. S. ; John Heimberger, 
T. ; Frank Weitling, S. W. ; George Deckand, J. \V. ; 
Frank Kalbrunner, S. B. ; Ludwig Brisky, J. B. 

The elections are held semi-annually. The mem- 
bers, seventy-five in number, are Germans and the 
court works in that language. The chief rangers 
have been as follows: Charles Benz, Frank Hinter- 
meyer, Ludwig Kopke and Fred. Kocli. The present 
officers are Charles Benz, C. R. ; August Miller, S. 
C. R.; Ernst Prahst, P. S.; Henry Kobabe, F. S.; 
Henry Wiegert, T. ; Herman Schulz, S. W. ; Charles 
Geicht, J. W.; William Heuk, S. B.; Martin Frenz, 
J. B. Regular meetings are held each alternate 
Friday evening at Miller's Block, corner of Scraiiton 
avenue and Auburn street. 

COURT KING OF THE GERMANS. 

This royally named organization (No. 6364) was 
formed in 1876, a)id now has a membershii) of sixty- 
two. The officers are Henry Fark, C. R. ; Christian 
Bahl, S. C. R.; Henry Dauber, T.; Wm. Fleck, T. 
and C. S. ; Rudolph Schmidt, R. S. ; Esau Kopper- 
man, S. W. ; Hermau Wagner, J. W. Regular meet- 
ings are held each alternate Monday at the corner of 
Erie and Ohio streets. 

COURT WOODLAND. 

Court No. 6386, A.O.F., was organized March ^'0, 
1877, with the following officers: Wm. K. Smith, C. 



FORESTERS, KNIGHTS OF IIOKOR AND CLUBS. 



395 



R. ; Henry Hamley, S.C.R. ; Henry Goldsmitli, S.; 
Ilirani Hatch, A.S.; John Wooldridge, T. ; Thomas 
Caiuiell, S.W.; Frank Genoa, J.W. ; L. W. Sherman, 
S.H.; Ernst H. Heuser, J. B. 

Otticors are olecteil on the first of January and July 
of each year. Tlie past cliief rangers are William K. 
Smith, Henry Hamley and Thomas Canuell. The 
])i-oscnt officers are Henry Goldsmith, G.R. ; Henry 
Williams, S.C.R.; Robert F. Lojauke, S. ; Robert J. 
Avard, A.S. : Samuel Glass, T.; John Hudson, S.W. ; 
Julius Burton, J.W.; Otto Vogts, S.B.; Jacob Good- 
year, J.B. Court Woodland numbers seventy-five 
members. Regular meetings are held each Tuesday 
evening, in Goldsmith's Block, No. 800 Woodland 
avenue. 

COURT UNION. 

This society (No. (5290), was organized December G, 
IS^O, with the following as first elected officers: F. E. 
Thompsom, C.R.; C. Winters, S.C.R.; P. McCrack- 
en, S. ; ,Tohn Vahraus, T. ; Frank Cady, S.W. ; E. 
Cattle, J.W. ; Jos. Gregory, S.B. ; L. D. Curtis, J. 

B. Court meetings are held each Wednesday even- 
ing, at No. 750 Broadway. Officers are elected semi- 
annually. 

The present officers are as follows; .Joseph Gregory, 
C.R.; Christ. Boldt, S.O.R.; L. D. Lord, S.; L. D. 
Curtis, A.S. ; L. Rothenbergh, T. ; J. A. Duncan, 
S.W.; Wm. Roehrer, J. W. ; L L. Drucker, S.B.; 
George Franck, J.B. The present number of mem- 
bers is eighty. 

COURT Z.VBOY (BOHEMIAN). 

This association (No. G3-t8) of men from the very 
center of Europe was organized in 1877. Its mem- 
bership is now sixty, and its officers are Anton Peck, 

C. R.; Frank Mack, T.; Joseph Mallya, S.; Frank 
Paier, R. S.; Frank Petrae, S. W.; Frank Protiva, J. 
W.; Anton Weverka, S. B.; Frank Doorak, J. B. 
Regular meetings are held on the second and fourth 
Thursdays of each month, at No. 1480 Forest street. 

COIUT HOWANOPROWiVOST (BOHEMIAN). 

Court No. 03.^0 was instituted October 2, 18:7, 
with thirty members, a number which has since in- 
creased. The officers are .Joseph Lenek, C. R. ; .Jacob 
Bacvar, T. ; Frank Lenek, S. ; John Prussek, S. B. ; 
Frank Smesek, J. B. ; James Wirthaver, R. S. ; (Mias. 
Gustav, S. W.; John Wesley, J. W. 

Besides the courts mentioned al)ove there are also 
Siierwood Forest, No. .5780; Forest City, 0205, and 
Jan IIiis, G39-t. 

CENTENNIAL LOIXJF. (KNICIITS OF HONOR). 

Centennial No. 213, was organized in 1870, with 
ten diarter members. In August, 1879, the number 
had increa.sed to seventy-five. The officers are W. L. 
Roberts, D.; F. E. Bunney, V. D.; Jas. Shackleton, 
A. D.; Thos. Vickers. C; Chas. Uanford, (!.: A. B. 
Bunney, R.; L. D. Joy, F. R.; E. S. Austin, T.; P. 



D. McCuaig, G. ; F. H. Roberts, S. Meetings are 
held every Tuesday evening at the corner of Fairfield 
street and Merchant avenue. 

ADVANCE LODCE (K. OF H.). 

instituted in 1870, with but ten charter members. 
Advance Lodge, No. 223, lias now, August, 1879, 
attained a membership of one hundred and eight. 
The officers are P. L. Mills, P. T). ; A. W. Gibbons, 
D.; Chas. White, V. D.; H. G. Brown, A. D.; E. 
M. Davidson, C; Wm. Hoen, G. ; C. W. Burgess, R. ; 
H. Greer, F. R. ; Reuben Strauss, T. ; W. B. Pratt, 
G. ; W. B. Rich, S. The lodge meets every Wednes- 
day evening at No. 182 Ontario street. 

CLEVELAND LODGE (K. OF H.) 

Cleveland Lodge No. 938, was formed March 8, 
1878, with the following officers: S. P. Mount, past 
dictator; W. H. King, dictator; Lewis Buffett, vice 
dictator; A. H. Quinn, assistant dictator; George W. 
Crossett, reporter; S. H. Johnson, financial reporter. 

The present officers are S. P. Mount, dictator; E. 
H. Dakin, vice dictator; J. W. Mead, assistant dicta- 
tor; George W. Crossett, reporter; S. H. Johnson, 
financial reporter; A. II. Quinn, treasurer. The 
lodge has a membership of eighty persons, aiuJ meets 
every Thursday evening at the hall, corner Scoxill 
avenue and Putnam street. 

TRIUMPH LODGE (K. OF H.) 

The rapid popularity of this order is shown l)y the 
number of Triumph Lodge (1248), which was organ- 
ized November 13, 1878, wth thirty-five charter mem- 
bers. The past dictators have been G. 0. Siiencc, 
W. B. Scott and John Corrigan. The membership 
in August, 1879, was forty-five; the officers being 
John Carrigan, P. D. ; T. G. Newton, D.; John E. 
Spencer, V. D.; Robert Greenhalgh, A. D. ; A. L. 
Beswick, R.; J. H. Treat, F. R.; W. D. Nicholson, 
C; J. F. M. Cobb, G.; Ja.s. Brown, G'n.; G. O. 
Spencc, T. ; C. T. iManchester, S. The lodge meets 
in Odd Fellows" Hall, West Side. 

EUCLID AVENUE LODOK (K. OF II.) 

This association assumed organic form as No. 1203 
on the 2.'Jth of November, 1878, with thirty-five mem- 
i)ers. There are^now forty-one; the officers being as 
follows: James W. Clarke, P. D.; W. F. Walworth, 
I).; C. B. llanna, V. D.; F. S. Collin.s, A. 1).; H. H. 
llanilin. U. ; A. \V. Kenton, F. R. ; II. L. Warren, 
r.: C. :M. Preston, C; E. B. Riwson, (i.; R. N. 
Denhani, G'n.; Julius King, S. Regular meetings 
are held on the first and third Wednesdays of each 
month at l'.t28 Euclid avenue. 

IDAHO LODfiE (K. OF H.) 

Idaho (No. 1330) was organized January 13, 1879, 
and has now a membersliip of forty. Regular meet- 
ings arc held every Monday evening at the corner of 
Euclid and Willsou avenues. The officers are L. C. 



200, 



THE CITY OP CLEVELAND. 



Burwell, D.; J. K. Curtis, V. D.; E. B. Lane, A. D.; 
H. S. Hubbell, P. D. ; W. F. Arter, R. ; George P. 
Lines, F. R.; G. W. Bennett, T.; Cliiis. H. Fry, G. ; 
Fre<lerifk Ciirroll, G'n.; H. W. Stager, C. 

EfONOjrY LODGE (K. OF H. ) 

The youngest association (No. ISl-l) of Knights of 
Honor in Cleveland, of which we give a record, was 
organized March 31, 1879, with forty charter mem- 
bei's. The membership is now thirty-eight, and the 
officers are F. K. Reid, D.; W. E. Hoggins, V. D. ; 
A. S. Gates, P. D.; Frank Blakeslee, A. D.; L. F. 
Ball, R.; J. H. Davis, F. R.; William P. Braund, T.; 
Daniel Kelley, C. ; H. McKeiizie, G.; H. M. Patter- 
son, G'n.; George Maskell, S. Regular meetings are 
held every Monday evening at 2003 Broadway. 

MISCELLANEOUS LOPRES, ¥.T('. 

In addition to tlie numerous secret orders wliieh 
have been mentioned at some length, there are many 
others of multifarious character, and these consist in 
brief of seven lodges F. and A. M., composed of col- 
ored men; two lodges of the Rebekah Degree, L O. 
0. F. ; two colored lodges G. U. 0. 0. F. ; one lodge 
of the Rntli Degree; Court Centennial No. 1 and 
Court Light of the West No. 2, juvenile branch A. 

0. F. ; two sanctuaries of the Ancient Order of Shep- 
herds; twenty-three courts of the Lidependent Order 
of Foresters; four courts of the Miriam Degree, L 0. 
F. ; nine lodges of A. 0. U. W. ; three councils of the 
Royal Areanum; seven tribes of the I. 0. R. M. ; five 
lodges A. 0. G. F. ; four lodges D. 0. H. ; two lodges 

1. 0. B. B. ; three groves ot Druids; five lodges K. S. 
B. ; four lodges Free Sons of Israel; one lodge Daugh- 
ters of Israel; three lodges of the Loyal Orange In- 
stitution; two councils of the Sovereigns of Industry; 
seven divisions of Sons of Temperance; four lodges of 
Good Templars and one lodge of Temple of Honor 
besides a great number of trades-unions, hiiihling 
associations, literary societies, etc., etc. 

EXCELSIOR CLUB. 

TIlis association, designed to promote social inter- 
course and mental advancement, was organized No- 
vember 14, 1842, with the following officers: S. Aus- 
trian, president; A. Weiner, vice president; B. Lan- 
dau, secretary; J. Sloss, treasurer; Dr. J. Horwitz, 
F. Strauss and Mej'er Weil, directors. In 1877, tlie 
club moved from their former rooms on Ontario 
street to the apartments especially arranged for the 
members on the corner of Woodland avenue and Erie 
street. These rooms occupy the second and third 
floors of the entire building. Tlie successive presi- 
dents have been S. Austrian, A. Weiner, B. Landau, 
J. Sloss. The present membership numbers ninety- 
five. The officers are as follows: J. Sloss, president : 
M. M. Heller, vice president; L. Janowitz, Rec. Sec; 
D. Klein, Fin. Sec; L. Blake, treasurer; M. Weil, J. 
Rohrheimer, I. Joseph and S. Newmark, directors. 



UNION CLUB. 

The Union Club of Cleveland was organized at a 
meeting held on the 25th day of September, 1872, by 
the following named persons: William J. Boardman, 
C. H. Brayton, C. B. Pettingill, Henry B. Payne, W. 
H. Waite, Lucieu Hills, Waldemar Otis, William 
Bingham, Samuel L. Mather, Harvey H. Brown, G. 
S. Wheaton, Gustav C. E. Weber, George Westlake, 
Amos Townsend and George E. Armstrong. These 
gentlemen united in forming an incorporation organ- 
ized for "physical training and education." William 
]3inghain was elected chairman; S. L. Mather, Wni. 
J. Boardman, H. B. Payne, William Bingham, Amos 
Townsend, G. C. E. Weber, George H. Valliant. 
Alex. Gunn and C. B. Pettingill, directors; and Wal- 
demar Otis, secretary; to retain otfice until a regular 
election should be held. The capital stock of the 
corporation was fixed at ninety thoitsand dollars, di- 
vided into one hundred and fifty shares of six hundred 
dollars each. 

The club purchased, at a cost of sixty thousand dol- 
lars, the property No. 417 Euclid avenue, which it 
now occupies. At the first election of officers in Jan- 
uary, 1873, William Bingham was elected president; 
II. H. Payne, first vice president; W. J. Boardman, 
second vice president; C. P. Leland, secretary; Wal- 
demar Otis, corresponding secretary; and George E. 
Armstrong, treasurer. The successive presidents 
since January, 1873, with their terms of service, have 
been as follows: William Bingham from September 
25, 1872, to January 1, 1875; II. B. Payne, 1875 and 
1876; Amos Townsend, 1877 and 1878. 

At the annual election in January, 1879, Samuel 
L. Mathei^was elected president; Oscar A. Childs, 
first vice president; Marcus A. Ilanna, second vice 
president; Samuel Hriggs, secretary; C. H. Bulkley, 
treasurer; William Bingham, H. B. Payne, W. J. 
Boardman, James Barnett, J. B. Henry, W. II. Corn- 
ing, W. H. McCurdy, John Todd, George W. Cliapin, 
W. J. McKinnie, R. C. Parsons and George II. Stone, 
diiectors; R. H. Winslow, Alex. Gunn, S. 0. Gris- 
wold, literary committee; John Shelley, M. P. Stone, 
and Hubbard Cooke, house committee. 

ECLECTIC CLUB. 

The organization of the Eclectic Club was effected 
August 20, 1875, having five charter members, and a 
capital stock of five tiiousaud dollars. 1'liis stock 
was divided into shares of fifty dollars each, and the 
arrangements are such that any person becoming a 
member of the club is entitled to a single share of the 
stock. The first officers of the club were Waldemar 
Otis, jiresident; E. II. Foster, vice president; J. D. 
Ketchum, secretary; M. H. Dodge, treasurer. Rooms 
in tlie Arlington Block were occupied until December, 
1877, at which time the directors leased the elegant 
Iniilding, No. 377 Euclid avenue. The entire edifice 
has been ornamented and furnished at an expense of 
about six thousand dollars. Mr. Otis held the office 
of president until 1879. The present meiuliership is 



BOARD OF TRADE, BANKS, ETC. 



297 



nearly one hundred. The present officers are as fol- 
lows: Thomas Walton, president; (i. P. Ilowcr, vice 
president; ('. A. Uhl, recording soeretary; V. II. 
Streiby, corresponding secretary; J. D. Ketcluim, 
treasurer; W. L. Otis, Waldeniar Otis, William Mor- 
gan, M. M. llobart and Charles (iordon, directors; 
Thomas Wallon, W. L. Otis, JI. M. llobart, house 
com mil tee. 

The other principal clubs of the city, organized for 
various purposes are as follows: Central Republican 
Chib; Jefferson Club; Cleveland Club; Cleveland 
Chess Club; German Casino Club; Hones' Point 
Hunting and Fishing Club; Owl Club; Progress 
Club. Besides these there are numerous social dra- 
matic and literary societies, among the most promi- 
nent of which arc the following: Cleveland Literary 
Union; Edgeworth Club; Iron Ward Dramatic Club; 
ytar Turnverin; The Lethe Dramatic Club; Social 
Turnverin; L U. I. F. Literary and Dramatic Club; 
(iermania Turnverin; Cleveland Social Circle; Irish 
Literary and Benevolent Society; St. Anthony's 
Young Men's Society; St. Columbia Literary and De- 
bating Society; St. Mary's Altar Society. 



CHAPTER LX. 

BOARD OF TRADE, BANKS. ETC 

Board of Trade— I'leaiing House Association— National City Bank- 
Merchants' National Bank— Commercial National Bank— Society for 
Savings— First National Bank— Second National Bank— Ohio National 
Bank— Citizens' Saving and Loan Association— People's Saving and 
Loan Association.— South Cleveland Banking Company. 

BOARD OF TRADE. 

TiiK necessity for an organization of this nature 
was felt and discussed as early as the year 1847. A 
general impression has existed that an organization 
was effected that year; this, however, is a mistake, as 
the board was not formed until July, 1848. All the 
records of the board from the time of its organiza- 
tion to 18G4 have been lost or destroyed, and it was 
only by consulting the files of city papers and ta.xing 
the recollection of juu'sous connected with the early 
days of the boaid, that the facts regarding the organi- 
zation have iteeii obtained. From the Herald, July 
8, 1848, the following extract is taken: "At a large 
meeting of the merchants of this city held, pursuant 
to a notice, at the Weddell House on Friday evening, 
the Tth inst., William .Milford, Esij., was called to 
the chair, and S. S. Coe appointed secretary. After 
a statement from the chair of the object of the meet- 
ing, on motion of Joseph L. Weathei-ly: Hi-xolinl, 
That the merchants of this city now organize them- 
selves into an association to be called the Board of 
Trade of the City of Cleveland," etc. 

The original members, ;is nearly as can be asccr- 
twned, were as follows, viz: Joseph Weatherly, W. 
F. Allen, Jr., Chas. W. Coe, I{. T. Lvou, John B. 



Warring, Richard Ililliard, E. M. Pitch, L. M. 
Hubby, .L Gillette, William Milford, Philo Cham- 
l)erlain, Slc])hen Clary, .Augustus Handy, S. S. Coe, 
(Jharles Hicko.v, Thomas Wallon, Sheldon Pease, S. 
S. Stone, James Ransom, John E. Lyon, William 
Mittelberger, R. K. Winslow, N. C. Winslow, Arthur 
Hughes, Eli Morgan, Samuel A. Foote, M. B. Guyles, 
M. B. Scott, George Woodward, W. F. Otis, B. F. 
Smith, E. N. Parks, J. G. Ransom, Geo. Bradbuni, 
O. M. Oviatt, John F. Warner. The officers then 
elected for the ensuing year were Joseph L. Weath- 
erly, president; W. F. Allen, Jr., vice president; 
Charles W. Coe, secretary; R. T. Lyon, treasurer. 
Mr. Weatherly continued to act as president until 
18(31, and probably two years longer, but no authen- 
tic record or account of his re-election, after that 
time, is obtainable. The successive presidents since 
1863 have been as follows: S. F. Lester, 1864; Philo 
Chamberlain, 186.5-6; W. F. Otis, 1867; Geo. W. 
Gardner, 1868; R. T. Lyon, 1809; A. J. Begges, 
1870; Thomas Walton, 1871; Charles Ilickox, 1872; 
B. U. York, 187.3; F. H. Morse, 1874; M. B. Clark, 
187.5; II. Pomerene, 1876; B. A. DeWolf, 1877; D. 
Martin, 1878. 

At a meeting of the board on the 13th of January, 
1863, articles of association were adopted and the 
board became a body corpoi-ate under the covenants 
as follows: "We the undersigned, citizens of the 
State of Ohio, and residents of the city of Cleveland, 
do hereby associate ourselves together as a board of 
trade under the name and title of the 'Board of 
Trade of the City of Cleveland,' to be located and 
situated in the city of Cleveland, county of Chiyahoga, 
and State of Ohio, where its business is to be tran.s- 
acted." 

The objects of the association are to ])romoto integ- 
rity and good faith, just and equitable principles of 
business; to discover and correct abuses; to establish 
and maintain uniformity in commercial usages; to 
acr)uire, preserve and disseminate valuable business 
statistics and information; to prevent or adjust con- 
troversies and misunderstandings which may arise be- 
tween persons engaged in trade; and generally to 
foster, protect and advance the commercial, mercan- 
tile and manufacturing interests of the city. 

The lirst members under the new organization were 
twenty in number. The present membership is 
about two hundred and twenty-five. Daily meetings 
are held at the rooms of the Board in the Atwater 
building on Superior street. The annual meetingfor 
the election of olVicers lakes place during the month 
of April. 

The present ollicers of the board are as follows: 
Daniel .Martin, president; John Tod, William Ed- 
wards, George H. Ely, Thomas Kilpatrick, F. A. 
Sterling and S. Mann, vice presidents; Theodore 
Simmons, secretary and treasurer; 0. G. Kent, S. M. 
Strong and .lames McCrea, committee on arbitration; 
James Barnett, (ieorge Short. Truman Dunham, R. 
P. .Myers and W. H. Doaii. committee on a|)i)eals; R. 



298 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



T. Lyon, B. H. York, J. R. Sprankle, C. G. Hickox 
and A. Weiner, committee on inspection. 

CLEVELAND CLEARING HOUSE ASSOCIATION. 

The constitution of tlie Cleveland Clearing House 
'Association was adopted and the society organized on 
the 28th of December, 1858. Its purposes are thus 
stated in the constitution. " The object of this as- 
sociation shall be to effect at one place, and in the 
most economical and safe manner, the daily exchange 
between the several associated banks and bankers; the 
maintainance of uniform rates for eastern exchange, 
and the regulations of what description of funds shall 
be paid and received in the settlement of balances." 

The association at the time of its formation, con- 
sisted of the following banks and bankers: Commer- 
cial Branch Bank, Merchants' Branch Bank, Bank of 
Commerce, City Rank, Forest City Bank, Wason, 
Everett & Co., H. B. & H. Wick & Co., Whitman, 
Standart & Co., Fayette Brown. 

T. P. Handy, president of the Commercial Bank, 
was elected president, and W. L. Cutter, assistant 
cashier of Merchants' Bank, secretary of the associa- 
tion. T. P. Handy, Lemuel Wick, and Fayette 
Brown, comprised the executive committee. 

The settlement of balances may, under the decis- 
ion of the association, be paid in current funds or 
New York drafts, at the option of the debtor bank. 

The following banks and bankers comprise the pres- 
ent membership: The First, Second, Commercial, 
Merchants, and Ohio National Banks, H. Wick & Co., 
E. B. Hale & Co., Everett, Weddell& Co. and Cham- 
berlain, Gorham & Perkins. 

T. P. Handy has been pj-esident since the associa- 
. tion was formed. Alfred Wick is the present secre- 
tary and treasurer. 

NATIONAL CITY BANK. 

This bank sprang from the City Bank of Cleveland, 
which again had its origin in the Fireman's Insurance 
Company, a corporation organized under the laws of 
the State, having power to transact a general banking 
business without issue of notes. The City Bank of 
Cleveland was incorporated May 17, 1845, with au- 
thority to carry on business for twenty years. The 
capital stock was fixed at 1)150,000. Elisha Taylor, 
Reuben Sheldon, Stephen Whittaker, C. L. Camp, 
Moses Kelley, William Milford, Charles Patrick and 
W. T. Smith composed the board of directors; Reu- 
ben Sheldon, being elected president and T. C. Sev- 
erance, cashier. In August, 1846, Mr. Slieldon re- 
signed the presidency and was succeeded by George 
Mygatt, who retained the office until October 4, 1850. 
At that time Lemuel Wick was chosen to fill the 
president's chair, which he occupied until the charter 
expired. The bank closed its business in accordance 
with the charter on the 12th of February, 1805. 

The National City Bank of Cleveland, a virtual re- 
organization of the "City Bank," was incorporated 
and organized February 13, 18G5, with a capital stock 



of $200,000. Its officers were as follows: Lemuel 
Wick, president; John F. Whitelaw, cashier; Lemuel 
Wick, John F. Whitelaw, Moses Kelley, S. Kanney 
and S. Newmark, directors. Mr. Wick remained 
president until January 28, 1873, at which time hi- 
was succeeded by W. P. Southworth. 

The place of business. No. 115 Superior street, has 
been occupied by the Fireman's Insurance Conipany, 
the City Bank, and the National City Bank success- 
ively, since 1844. 

The present officers are W. P. Southworth, presi- 
dent; John F. AVhitelaw, cashier; W. P. Southworth. 
P. H. Babcock, S. Newmark, C. S. Bissell and John 
F. Whitelaw, directors. 

MERCHANTS NATIONAL HANK. 

"The Merchants Bank of Cleveland," a branch of 
the State Bank of Ohio and commonly called the 
Merchants Branch Bank, was organized June 25, 
1845, with a capital stock of ^100,000, in shares of 
*100 each. P. M. Weddell, Prentis Dow, Harvey 
Rice, H. P. Weddell and S. J. Andrews composed 
the first board of directors. P. M. Weddell was ap- 
pointed president and Prentis Dow, cashier. In 
June, 1846, Mr. Weddell resigned. Sherlock J. An- 
drews was elected his successor, and served until 
May, 1848, when Thomas M. Kcllcy was elected in 
his place. 

The Merchants Bank closed its business at the ex- 
piration of its charter in February, 1865. The last 
officers were T. P. Handy, president; and W. L. Cut- 
ter, cashier. 

"The Merchants National Bank of Cleveland," 
the successor of the Merchants Branch Bank, was 
formed December 27, 1864, but did not commence 
business until February 7, 1865, after the operations 
of the Branch Bank had ceased. The first board of 
directors was composed of Thomas M. Kelley, T. P. 
Handy, Melaucthon Baruett, William Collins, James 
F. Clark, Samuel L. Mather and William Bingham. 
T. P. Handy was chosen president, and W. L. Cut- 
ter, cashier. 

The capital stock declared by the certificate of 
association was 8500,000, in five thousand shares, of 
iSlOO each. This stock was afterward changed ns 
follows: July, 1867, it was increased to *600,000, 
and in November, 1872, to *1, 200,000, with the 
privilege of a fui-ther increase to $2,000,000. In 
October, 1878, it was reduced to 1:800,000, upon 
which amount the bank has since operated. 

In 1865 this bank was made the United States de- 
pository for the receipt of public moneys, and ]ia,s 
remained so ever since. The building occupied by 
the bank on the corner of Sujierior and Bank streets, 
was purchased, in 1865, from the old conipany at a 
cost of about ^35,000. 

T. P. Handy has been president since the incor- 
poration of the hank. Tiie pi-csent officials are T. P. 
Handy, jjresidcnt; E. R, Perkins, cashier; P. C. 
Johnson, assistant cashier; T. P. Handy, Melaucthon 



a 



L50Ai;i) OF 'I'UADE, BANKS, ETC. 



299 



Barnetfc, William Bingham, Samuel L. Mather, Oscar 
A. Cliilds, George W. Gardner and E. K. Perkins, 

directors. 

COMMEKOTAL NATIONAL BANK. 

The old Commercial Bank was organized in Sep- 
tember, 1845, as a brancli of the State Bank of Ohio, 
Avith a ca])ital stock of one hundred and fifty thou- 
sand dollars. This stock was divided into fifteen 
hundred shares of one hundred dollars each, and 
taken as follows: William Neil, two hundred; John 
M. Woolsey, two hundred; William A. Otis, three 
hundred; N. C. Winslow, fifty; J. Gillett, fifty; 
Charles Hickox, fifty; Henry Church, fifty; T. P. 
Handy, six hundred. William A. Otis, John M. 
Woolsey, Jonathan Gillett, N. C. Winslow and T. P. 
Handy composed the board of directors. AVilliam A. 
Otis was chosen president and T. P. Handy cashier. 
Tiic capital stock was increased as follows: October 
26, 1847, $12,500; May 30, 1848, §6,200; August 29, 
1848, *6,300, making a total of iil 75,000, at which it 
renuiined until the bank closed its affairs. The cor- 
j)oration commenced business November 25, 1845, in 
a building on Superior street, now occupied by 
Chamberlain, Gorham and Perkins. On the 28d of 
November, 1858, William A. Otis resigned the posi- 
tion of president, and T. P. Handy was chosen in his 
jilaee. Dan P. Eells was elected cashier in place of 
Mr. Handy. In January, 1862, William A. Otis was 
again made president, and retained that position 
until the close of the bank. 

In January, 1865, the charter having expired, the 
liabilities were paid, the assets were divided, and the 
business of the bank was brought to an end. 

On the 1st of March, 1865, its successor, the Com- 
mercial National Bank of Cleveland, was organized, 
with a capital stock of six hundred thousand dollars 
in shares of one hundred dollars each. The incorpo- 
rators were William A. Otis, Amasa Stone, Jr., Levi 
Benedict, William J. Boardnian, Dudley Baldwin 
and Dan P. Eells. These also comprised the board 
of directors. William A. Otis was elected president, 
and Dan P. Eells cashier. The business of the bank 
was transacted in the old Atwater block at the foot of 
Superior street, until the completion of the new 
building in 1869, on the corner of Superior and Bank 
streets. The building was erected by the Commer- 
cial and Second National Bank societies jointly, at a 
cost of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars, exclu- 
sive of two vaults, which cost fifteen thou.sand dollars 
each. On the 30th of January, 1869, the capital 
stock was increased |;200,000; on the 6th of May, 
1872, *200,0ou, and on the 6th ol May, 1873, *250,- 
000, making a total capital stock of %1, 250,000. Mr. 
Otis continued president until his death, May 11, 
1868. Dan P. Eells was then chosen president and 
Augustus S. Gorham cashier. The accumulated sur- 
plus since 1869 amounts to one hundred and sixty- 
live thousand dollars. The affairs of the bank are in 
an exceedingly prosperous condition, .semi-annual 



dividends having been paid, without exception, since 
the organization. 

The present officers are Dan P. Eells, president; 
Amasa Stone, vice president; Joseph Colwell, cashier; 
David Z. Morton, assistant cashier; Dan P. Eells, 
Amasa Stone, William J. Boardnian, Charles A. Otis, 
Fayette Brown and E. I. Baldwin, directors. 

SOCIETY FOR SAVINGS. 

The Society for Savings owes its origin to the be- 
nevolence of some of the citizens of Cleveland who 
were associated in business in the fall and winter of 
1848-9. The suggestion first came from Charles J. 
Woolson, seconded by W. A. Otis and other promi- 
nent citizens. S. H. Mather was requested to take 
the necessary steps to procure a charter. The act of 
incorporation was passed by the legislature in March, 
1849, and the society organized in June following. 
The original corporators were W. A. Otis, H. W. 
Clark, L. Handerson, J. Lyman, M. L. Hewitt, N. 
Brainard, Ralph Cowles, J. H. Gorham, A. Seymour, 

D. A. Shepard, James Gardner, J. A. Hairis, J. H. 
Bingham, J. A. Briggs, S. H. Mather, J. A. Foot 
and C. J. Woolson. The original charter was limited 
to thirty years; by subsequent legislation it has been 
extended indefinitely. 

The presidents of the society have been as follows: 
John W. Allen, F. W. Bingham, W. A. Otis, S. J. 
Andrews, W. A.. Otis and S. Williamson, the present 
incumbent. S. H. Mather was first elected secretary, 
and J. F. Tain tor treasurer. At the end of about two 
years Mr. Taintor withdrew. Mr. S. H. Mather was 
then elected treasurer, and has held the office to the 
present time. The society commenced business Au- 
gust, 1849, in the office No. 4, Bank street, (now the 
president's room of the Merchant's Bank). In the 
fall of 1856 the society removed to Bank street, and 
in November, 1867, to its new building on the Park. 
At the commencement, the business of the society 
was small. Its operations were not very well under- 
stood, nor was it justly appreciated. At the end of 
three years the deposits were less than §100,000, and 
at the end of ten years had only amounted to a little 
over §300,000. At that time the society may be con- 
sidered as having fully established its reputation for 
safety and honorable dealing, and the deposits began 
to increase rapidly, so that they now amount to nearly 
§8,000,000. 

The present officials are as follows: S. Williamson, 
president; W. P. Southworth, W. T. Smith, G. A. 
Stanley, vice presidents; James Baruett, 0. A. 
Brooks, S. C. Brooks, G. W. Calkins, G. C. Dodge, 

E. S. Flint, 11. K. Hatch, II. R. Herrick, T. II. Lam- 
son, C. Hickox, J. F. Holloway, S. H. Mather, E. 
P. Morgan, R. P. Myers, N. P. Payne, J. Perkins, 
L. Prentiss, W. U. Price, II. S. Whittlesey, D. A. 
Shepard, H. Chisiiolm, A. Hills, C. A. Otis, M. C. 
Younglove, trustees; S. H. Mather, secretary and 
treasurer. 



300 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



FIRST XATIONAL BAXK. 

Tlii.s bank was incoqiorated clui'ing tlie early part 
of 18G3 under the name of "The Fh'st National 
Bank of Cleveland," succeeding the banking house 
of S. W. Crittenden & Co. The first meeting of 
stockholders was held June 23, 18G3, at which time 
the following board of directors was chosen: Philo 
Scovill, George Worthingtou, James Panuell, Benj. 
Harrington, S. W. Crittenden, A. J. Spencer. Geo. 
Worthington was elected president, William Hewitt, 
vice president, and S. W. Crittenden, cashier. The 
cajiital stock was fixed at ^125,000, in shares of ^100 
each. Oi)erations were commenced in July, 18G3, at 
No. 117 Superior street. 

After three months of business, the capital stock 
was increased to ^'200,000, and in July, 1864, was 
further increased to ^300,000, at which amount it 
has since remained. 

Mr. Worthington continued as president until his 
death in November, 1871. Mr. Hewitt, then vice 
president, acted as president until January, 1872, 
when he was regularly chosen to the office, which he 
held until the time of his death, in August, 1872. 
Vice president Philo Scovill succeeded to the jios.tion 
and held it until he died, in July, 1875. Gen. James 
Barnett performed the duties of chief executive until 
the annual meeting in January, 187C. He was then 
regularly elected president and has remained so until 
the present time. 

The building now occupied. No. 127 Superior street, 
was leased in September, 1877, and in August, 1878, 
was purchased by the directors at a cost of ^54,000. 

The present officers are as follows: James Barnett, 
James Panuell, Edward Bingham, W. W. Gaines, S. 
G. Smith, H. E. Mussey, B. Butts, C. C. Baldwin, 
A. J. Spencer, directors; James Barnett, president; 
James Pannell, vice president; A. K. Spencer, cash- 
ier; P. M. Spencer, assistant cashier. 

SECOND NATIONAL BASK. 

"The Second National Bank of Cleveland" was 
organized May, 18G3, being number thirteen of the 
United States National banks. The original capital 
stock was §600,000, but on the 10th of November, 
1869, it was increased by the action of the board of 
directors to tH, 000,000. Soon after, §400,000 of 
this was cancelled and the stock reduced to SG00,000, 
as originally j)rovided. In January, 1870, an in- 
crease was made to ^800,000, and in January, 1872, 
a further increase to «il,000,000. 

The first board of directors was composed of the 
following persons: Amasa Stone, Jr., J. H. Wade, 
Stillman Witt, Joseph Perkins, George B. Ely and 
H. B. Hurlbut. Joseph Perkins was elected presi- 
dent; H. B. Hurlbut, cashier; and J. C. Buell, assist- 
ant cashier. Mr. Perkins held the position of presi- 
dent until January, 1873, at which time Amasa Stone, 
Jr., was elected, who served one year. In January, 
1874, Hiram Garrettsou was chosen jiresident, holding 



the oflBce until his death, in May, 1876. Joseph Per- 
kins was again elected, and held the position until 
May 24, 1877, when he resigned. S. T. Everett be- 
came president on the resignation of Mr. Perkins, 
and still occupies that position. The association 
occupies a portion of the building situated on the 
northeast corner of Superior and Water streets, erected 
in common by the directors of the Commercial and 
Second National banks. 

The present officials are Henry Chisholm, S. T. 
Everett, H. B. Payne, Joseph Perkins, J. P. Robison 
and J. H. Wade, directors; S. T. Everett, president; 
Joseph Perkins, vice president; H. C. Deming, cash- 
ier. 

OUIO NATIONAL BANK. 

The Ohio National Bank was incorporated on the 
1st day of January, 187G, with a capital stock of 
^600,000, divided into six thousand shares of ^l(H) 
each. Robert Ilanna, John McClymonds, Leveret t 
Olcott, 0. A. Brooks, Ahira Cobb, James Farmer, 
John D. Rockefeller, E. P. Morgan and D. A. Shej)- 
herd comprised the board of directors. Robert Ilan- 
na was elected president. The association com- 
menced business in the old Atwater building on 
Superior street, and remained there until July 1, 
1877, when a lease was effected of its present build- 
ing. No. 119 Superior street. At a meeting of the 
stockJiolders and directors held April 30, 1877, the 
capital stock was reduced to §400,000. 

Mr. Hauna was re-elected president at each annual 
meeting until the year 1877, when he retired. John 
McClymonds was chosen as his successor, and still 
occupies that position, performing the duties of cash- 
ier in connection with those of president. Herman 
S. KaufPman was appointed assistant cashier January 
13, 1877. The present officials are as follows: A. 
Cobb, James Farmer, E. P. Morgan, D. A. Shep- 
herd, T. W. Leek, 0. A. Brooks, John McClymonds, 
William S. Jones and A. Bradley, directors; John 
McClymonds, president and cashiei-; Herman S. 
Kaufman, assistant cashier. 

citizens' savings and loan ASSOCIATION. 

The incorporation of the Citizens' Savings and 
Loan Association was consummated the IGth of May, 
1868, pursuant to an act of the legislature passed 
May 5, 1SG8, entitled, "An act to enable associations 
of persons to raise funds to be used among their 
members for building homesteads and for other pur- 
poses, to become a body corporate. " The incorpora- 
tors were H. B. Pnyixe, T. P. Handy, William Hart, 
George Worthington, William B. Castle, M. B. Clark, 
A. B. Stone, D. A. Dangler, J. M. Coffiiiberry, E. 
M. Peck, Elias Sims, S. Buhrer, P. Chamberlain, J. 
C. Buell and F. T. Backus. The first officers were 
J. H. Wade, president; T. P. Handy and E. M. Peck, 
vice presidents; C. W. Lepper, treasurer; J. H. Wade, 
H. B. Payne, George Worthington, P. Chamberlain, 
A. B. Stone, E. M. Peck, T. P. Handy, J. P. Robi- 



MISCELLANEOUS J)EPAUTMENTS AND INSTITUTIONS. 



301 



son, F. T. Backus, D. A. Dangler, George B. Ely, 
J. Mueller, J. B. Painter, II. W. Luetkemeyer, F. 
W. Pclton, B. R. Beavis, W. B. Castle, C. W. Coe, 
Klias Sims, William Hart, J. C. Buell, William Bing- 
ham, L. Alcott, H. Garrettsou and 8. C. Brooks, 
(!i rectors. 

'I'lie cajiital stock of tlie association was fixed at 
?!l,0<)(),()00, divided into two thousand shares of 1500 
eacli. Business was begun on Bank street, but in a 
few months the headquarters of the association were 
moved to the Atwater building. In June, 1877, the 
location was again changed to 123 Superior street. 
The deposit balance of the association at the present 
time amounts to over three and one-half million dol- 
lars. The present officers are J. H. Wade, president; 
\y. S. Jones and H. W. Luetkemeyer, vice presidents: 
C. W. Lepper, secretary and treasurer. 

people's s.wisgs and loan association. 

This association was organized March 2, 1869. The 
incorporators were Daniel P. Rhodes, Elias Sims, 
John II. Sargeant, George W. Jones, Josiah Barber. 
Daniel P. Rhodes was elected president; John H. 
Sargeant, first vice president; John Bousfield, second 
vice president; A. L. Withington, secretary and treas- 
urer. The capital stock of the association was fixed 
at *2.50,0()0. 

Mr. Rhodes continued to act as president until Jiis 
death, in 1875. At the next annual meeting, Jan- 
uary 5, 187G, Joiin H. Sargeant was ajuiointcd, and 
served one year. On the 3d of January, 1877, Hiram 
Barrett was elected. The present officers are Hiram 
Barrett, president; Charles McNeil and George Warni- 
ington, vice presidents; A. L. Withington, secretary 
and treasurer; J. H. Sargeant, F. W. Pelton, Nelson 
I'nrdy, R. R. Rhodes, Hiram Barnett, Elias Sims, 
J. F. Rhodes, Thomas Dixon, Gustavus Sclimidt, G. 
C. Schenck, J. M. Coffinberry, George H. Warming- 
Ion, W. B. Guyles, D. C. Taylor, C. McNeil, N. 
Meyer, J. M. Ferris, Belden Seymour, Alfred Kel- 
logn, S. N. Nelson and A. L. Witliington, directors. 
Tlie bank is located at No. 251 Pearl street. The 
(lejiosit balance now amounts to ^4.")0,000. 

SOLTU tLEVELAND BANKING CO. 

Tliis is a hanking corporation, organized under the 
State banking law, in June, 1879, and does business 
in that portion of Cleveland known as Newburg. Its 
average deposit account is |;250,00O, and of loans and 
discounts 1^150, (100. The officers are Joseph Turncy, 
jiresident; James Walker, vice president; Wm. II. 
Lami)recht, secretary and treasurer; JosejJi Turney, 
•lames Walker, E. T. Hamilton, C. P. Jewett and 
Wm. H. Lamprecht, trustees. 



CHAPTER LXI. 

MISCELLANEOUS DEPAKTMEMTS AND 
INSTITUTIONS. 

Fire Department — Police Department— Workhouse and House of Cor- 
rection — City Infirmary, etc.— The Viaduct— The Breakwa'er— East 
Cleveland Street Railroad— Kinsman Street Railroad— West Side Rail 
way— St. Clair Street Railway— Rocky River Itailway— Broadway and 
Newhurg Railway— South Side Railway Woodland Hills Avenue Rail- 
way — Superior Street Railway— Eighteenth Ward Cemetery— Monroe 
street Cemetery— Erie Street Cemetery— North Brooklyn Cemetery — 
St. Joseph's and St. John's Cemeteries— Jewish Cemetery— Woodland 
Cemetery— St. Mary's Cemetery— Lake View Cemetery— Riverside 
Cemetery. 

THE FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

TuE first fire conijiany in tiie village of Cleveland, 
Live Oak, No. 1, of which Captain McCurdy was 
foreman, began to run to tires in 1833, but never had 
a regular organization. 

The first regularly organized volunteer fire company 
was Eagle, No. 1, au outgrowth of Live Oak, formed 
in 1834; Captain McCurdy being also its foreman. 
A department was then organized and directly after- 
wards Neptune, No. 2, Phipnix, No. 4, Forest City 
Hook and Ladder company. No. 1, and Hope Hose 
comi)any, No. 1, were organized. There was a "No. 
3 "' but it was composed of boys and was not recog- 
nized by the department. Cataract, No. 5, was or- 
ganized in April, 1830. 

In 1848 Chief Engineer Sanford iiad serious trouble 
with the companies, and disbanded all except Pho,'- 
nix, No. 4. Mr. Sanford soon after retired, and the 
department was at once re-organized, comprising 
Eagle, No. 1; Forest City, No. 2; Saratoga, No. 3; 
Pha-nix, No. 4; Cataract, No. 5; Red Jacket, No. G; 
and F'orest City Hook and Ladder, No. 1. Neptune, 
No. 7, was organized in 1853; and Hope, No. 8, (of 
which the present Mayor Ilerrick was foreman) in 
1852. No. 7 began to organize before No. 8, but the 
latter completed its formation first. 

Upon the annexation of Ohio City, Washington, 
No. 1, and Torrent, No. 2, of that place, became re- 
spectively Nos. 9 and 10 of the Cleveland department. 

Alert Hose comjjany, No. 1, was organized in 1857 
and Protection Hose, No. 2, in 1858. In 1863 the 
pay department was organized, and in the following 
year the volunteer firemen were disbanded. All 
the engines of the volunteer department were operated 
by hand, yet the work wjus enthusiastically done, and 
much good service was performed. Its successive 
chiefs were John R. St. Joiin, J. L. Wetherly, A. S. 
Sanford, Milton Spangler, S. S. Lyon, James Ben- 
nett, Jabez W. Fitch, William Cowen, James Hill 
and Ed. Hart. 

As just mentioned, in 1863 the city council set on 
foot measures for the re-organization of the dei)art- 
ment as a paid force, and formed from its own mem- 



303 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



bers a fire and water committee, composed of J. D. 
Palmer, J. J. Benton and William Meyer, and charged 
witb the work of reconstruction. The first steamer 
was purchased in the summer of 1863, when the first 
company of the paid department wiis formed, with 
William Kidd as captain. This steamer was named 
the " L U. Masters," in honor of the then mayor. 

During the same year two additional steamers were 
obtained, and two additional ])aid companies were 
formed, the captains being, respectively, J. J. Benton 
and Barney McGraw. 

The volunteer hand engine companies continued to 
serve until February, when they were disbauded, and 
tlie paid department was left to its unaided efforts. 
In July, 1864, a fourth steamer was added, with 
Edwin Lewis as captain, and in May, 1805, No. 5, 
under Captain James Hovey, still further strength- 
ened the department. In June, 1865, the office o^ 
company captain was abolished; the chief, who had 
until then acted alone in his office, being furnished 
with two assistants. 

The first chief of the paid department was James 
Craw, who, under his election by the people as chief 
of the volunteer fire department, held over until 
April, 1864. His successor was James Hill, whose 
assistants were John A. Bennett and J. P. McManii. 
The present chief is John A. Bennett, (appointed in 
1874) his assistants being James Dickinson, H. H. 
Kebbeck and Joseph Speddy. 

The fire and water committee of the council direct- 
ed the affairs of the department until April 29, 1873^ 
when the board of fire commissioners was created by 
act of the legislature, under whose control the depart- 
ment still remains. The commissioners fw- 1879 are 
William H. Radcliffe, George Gloyd, H. L. Melton, 
Joseph Slaght and William H. Lutton. The force 
includes one hundred and forty-four officer and men. 
There are thirteen engine houses, fourteen steamers, 
seventy-four horses, four hook and ladder companies, 
and twenty hose carriages; the latter carrying con- 
stantly upon their reels sixteen thousand nine hun- 
dred feet of hose; one ^Erial ladder and three supply 
wagons. Of the fourteen steamers, three are of the 
first, seven of the second and four of the third class. 
The aggregate value of houses, horses, steamers, ap- 
paratus, etc. used by the department was three hun- 
dred and eighty-three thousand one hundred and six- 
ty-three dollars on the 1st of January, 1879, accord- 
ing to the commissioners' report, and according to 
the same report the running expenses of the depart- 
ment were about one hundred and forty thousand 
dollars in 1878. 

The fire alarm telegraph, orgimizedin 1864, is now 
in charge of H. H. Rebbeck, and has two hundred 
and thirty miles of wire, with one hundred and 
sixty-five alarm boxes. The number of actual fires 
in 1878 was two hundred and forty-seven, the esti- 
mated loss being ^208,000. Since 1864 the tires have 
numbered two thousand seven hundred and forty- 
five, while the estimated losses were ^'3,896,054. 



POLICE DEPARTMENT. 

t 

From 1836 to 1866, the police was under the direc- 
tion of a marshal, chosen by the people; the last one 
being Jacob W. Schmitt. The board of metropolitan 
police was organized in May, 1866; H. M. Cliapin be- 
ing the first president, and Wm. P. Fogg, James 
Barnett, Philo Chamberlain and Nelson Purdy, the 
commissioners. The members of the force in 1866 
numbered fifty, and the expenditures for that year 
were $51,710. 

The department was reorganized in 1808 and a 
"board of police" was formed, with John H. Willis- 
ton as superintendent. The force in 1868 comprised 
eighty-six men, and the expenses were $70,853. Still 
another reorganization was effected in 1872, by the 
formation of a " boiird of police commissioners," 
elected by the people. The first commissioners under 
this system were John M. Sterling, Jr., J. E. Robin- 
son, Geo. Saal and J. C. Schcuek. The superinten- 
dent was Jacob W. Schmitt who has retained the 
position until the present time. The commissioners 
for 1879 are J. M. Sterling. Jr., Louis Hausheer, J. 
R. Sprankle and G. W. Short. The force now num- 
bers one hundred and forty-two members, and 
$129,242 was expended in maintaining it during the 
year 1878. 

WORKHOUSE AND HOUSE OF CORRECTION. 

Eight acres of ground at the corner of Woodland 
and East Madison avenues, are occupied by the city 
for a workhouse, house of refuge and house of correc- 
tion. The buildings devoted to these uses are exten- 
sive, and present on Woodland avenue a handsome 
and imposing front. These are all of brick, and cost, 
with the land upon which they stand, ujiwards of 
$240,000. 

Cleveland's first workhouse was a small institution, 
an adjunct of the city infirmary. The present one 
was built in 1870 and occupied in 1871. In 1875, a 
prison for women was added; in 1878, store houses 
were built, and in 1879 a house of refuge for girls 
was erected. The number of prisoners received into the 
institution from the time it was opened until August 
6, 1879, aggregated eight thousand and sixty; the in- 
mates remaining at the latter date numbered two 
hundred and fifty-eight. 

Under an excellent system of management the 
Workhouse has become substantially self-supporting, 
while as a reformatory it has long since established 
its claim to a very high position. The manufacture 
of brushes is the sole industry jiursued there, and at 
this occupation each inmate is forced to labor. The 
product is very readily sold; the institution, pushed to 
its utmost, being unable to keep pace with the de- 
mand for its wares. As an evidence of the profit- 
able nature of the business of brush-making at the 
Workhouse, it may be noted that between January 1, 
and August 1, 1879, the receipts for wares exceeded 
by $9,000 the aggregate running exiienses. This is 



MISOELLANKOUS DEPARTMENTS AND INSTITUTIONS. 



303 



a result which can be equaled by few, if any, similar 
institutions in the country. 

In fact tlie Cleveland Workhouse and House of 
Correction is a model in almost every respect. This 
may undoul)tedly be attributed to the fact tliat since its 
fouiulation, in ISTO, its control has been in the hands 
of the same hoard of directors, and tlie furtlier fact 
that [lolitical considerations, of whatever nature, have 
JKid no influence in its management. The directors 
wild were appointed in 1870, and who still serve, are 
Harvey Rice, J. II. Wade, Geo. H. Burt, S. C. Brooks 
and Wm. h^dwards. The superintendent is W. D. 
Patterson, wlio lias occupied the position since May. 

THE CITY INFIRMARY, ETC. 

The city infirmary, city hospital and asylum for the 
Insane are located, all under tlie same management, 
on the "infirmary farm," lying on Seranton ave- 
nue, just inside the city limits. The farm, con- 
taining eighty acres (all of which are under cultiva- 
tion), is worked mainly by the inmates of the infimary, 
and jiroduced in 1878 crops valued at four thousand, 
six hundred and eighty-nine dollars, all of which 
were consumed in the three institutions. 

The Imildings are substantial brick structures, aiul 
lepresent, with the farm, an investment of $1G4,000. 
Three hundred and twenty-six persons were admitted 
in 187S, during wiiich year the cost of maintaining the 
infirmary was $16,. 514. 37. The inmates, on the first 
of .Inly, 1879,. numbered two hundred and fifty-two, 
of which one hundred and thirty-nine were males. 
The directors of the infirmary are George KeifFer, 
.lohn Gill and Wm. Cubbin, and the superintendent, 
.lames Christian. 

THE VIADICT. 

This great structure, whicli spans not only the 
channel t)ut the valley of the Cuyahoga, bringing the 
east and the west sides of the city into easy connec- 
tion with each other, is now considered one of the 
great institutions of Cleveland, and every visitor is 
expected to traverse its long and lofty course, and to 
admire the solidity of its construction, and thestateli- 
ncss of its proportions. It is indeed well worthy of 
admiration. 

Work was begun upon the structure in (piestion in 
the fall of 1874, and it was opened for tiaffic on the 
29tli of December, 1878. Thccost, including tlie right 
of way, was ^2,170,000, to pay which tJic city issued 
bonds for ^Jil, 000,00(1, paj'able in twenty years, and for 
*1, 170, (100, jiiiyable in thirty years. The length of 
the viaduct, from the corner of Water and Superior 
streets to (lie intersection of Pearl and Detroit streets 
is three thousand two hundred and eleven feet, or 
nearly five-eighths of a mile. Exclusive of the draw- 
bridge, the width is sixty-four feet; the roadway being 
foriy-lwo and the sidewalks each eleven feet wide. 
The length of the drawliridge is three hundred and 
thirty-two feet, and the width forty-six feet. The 



hight of the roadway of the drawbridge above low 
water mai-k is seventy feet. 

There are ten stone arches on the west side of the 
river, of which eight are of eighty-three feet span 
each, while two have a span of ninety-seven and a half 
feet each. The length of roadway supi)orted by stone 
arches is one thousand three linndred and eighty-two 
feet, and the average higiit of the arches above the 
surface of the ground is fifty-four feet; above tlie ])ilo 
foundations, seventy-six feet. The total number of 
piles driven to form the foundations of the arches and 
river piers is seven thousand two hundred and seventy- 
nine, which, if laid lengthwise, would extend over 
fifty- two miles. 

There are no less than eighty thousand perches 
of solid masonry in the structure, while fifteen 
thousand five hundred cubic yards of gravel were 
employed as filling. The approximate weight resting 
on the pile foundations of the ten arches is one hun- 
dred and forty thousand tons, while that resting on 
the foundations for iron work is estimated at twelve 
thousand five hundred tons. The weight of the draw- 
bridge, resting upon its turn-table, is five hundred and 
twenty tons. That portion of the structure built of 
iron, including the drawbridge, is nine hundred and 
thirty-two feet in length, and fourteen hundred and 
forty tons of iron were used in its construction. 

These brief statistics give but a faint idea of the mas- 
sive work which unites the two portions of Cleveland, 
from which, on the one hand, are seen the far-spread- 
ing waters of Lake Erie, on the other the smoking 
chimneys of the manufacturing district on "the flats," 
while beneath it roll the turbid wateisof the winding 
Cuyahoga, and over it each moment are passing ve- 
hicles of every description, from the groaning freight- 
wagon to the lightest pliaUon. It must be seen to 
be appreciated. 

THE BREAKWATER. 

The construction of the original harbor, the build- 
ing of which occujiied from 1827 to 184ti, has been 
mentioned in the general sketch of the city. Con- 
siderable sums were expended on it from time to time, 
in repairs and improvements, but no movement was 
made looking toward the construction of a " harbor of 
refuge " at this point until 1870. In that year the 
city council adojited resolutions in favor of the con- 
struction of such a work by the general government, 
and, together with many citizens, jietitioned Congress 
on the subject. Hon. W. II. Upson, while a member 
of the liouse of representatives, procured an appro- 
priation of ^3,000 for a survey. The engineers re- 
ported the cost of the proposed new "harbor of 
refuge " at four million dollars, an amount so large 
that the committee on commerce peremptorily re- 
fused to recommend its appropriation. 

In January, 1872, Hon. R. C. Parsons, then the 
representative in congress from the Cleveland district, 
introduced anotlier memorial and sjioke in its favor, 
showing not only the great necessity for sucli a work, 



304 



THE CITY OP CLEVELAND. 



but also convincing congress that, it would not cost 
the enormous sura previously estimated. He per- 
suaded that body to authorize a new survey, which 
was made in the summer of 1874 under tlie direction 
of Colonel Blunt, of the United States Engineers. 
After its completion Colonel Blunt reported two new 
j»lans; one providing for an anchorage of thirty acres 
to cost ^500,000, and one involving an expenditure of 
11,300,000 in constructing a harl)or of ninety-two 
acres. 

In the spring of 1875 congress appropriated 150,000 
to begin the work, and referred the subject of its size 
and form to a board of engineers. These met in 
Cleveland in April and June, 1875, and reported in 
favor of the construction of a harbor of two liundred 
acres, at an estimated cost of 11,800,000. This was 
adopted, though it is now believed that at present 
prices the work can be completed for less money. It 
was begun in the fall of 1875, and about fifteen hun- 
dred feet luive been comjjleted. Hon. H. B. Payne 
secured an appropriation of $50,000 to carry on the 
work and Hon. Amos Townsend one of $100,000 for 
the same purpose. Large as will be the necessary ex- 
penditure, it is believed by those acquainted witli the 
subject that it will be greatly outweighed by the ben- 
efits to be derived from it to the immense number of 
lake vessels, the burthen of which amounts to a 
million tons and the value of the freight carried by 
which is estimated at $l,-200,000,000 annually. 

EAST CLEVELAND RAILKOAD COMPANY. 

This company was organized in 1859, under the 
presidency of Henry S. Stevens, and in that year the 
road was opened for business from Bank street to 
Willson avenue. In 1868 the extension to Lake View 
Cemetery was completed, and in 1808 the line on 
Garden and Ohio streets was set in operation. The 
company lias now a capital of $300,000, and operates 
fourteen miles of single track. A. Everett is the 
president; H. A. Everett, secretary and treasurer; 
and T. F. Frobisher, road sujieriutendent. 

KINSMAN STREET RAILWAY COMTANY. 

The road of this company, extending from Bank 
street to the Cleveland & Pittsburgh railroad crossing 
on Kinsman street (now Woodland avenue), was built 
in 1859 by Henry S. Stevens and E. E. Williams, 
who directly thereafter sold it to the Kinsman Street 
Railway Co., incorporated in 1859, with a capital of 
$30,000, which was afterwards increased at various 
times, and, in 1879, was $500,000. The road is three 
miles and three (juarters in length, of which upwards 
of two and a half miles are covered with a double 
track. For the past two years the road has been 
in the hands of a receiver, F. J. Locke. The name 
of Kmsman street has been changed since 1859 to 
Woodland avenue. bi)t the road retains its old name. 

THE WEST SIDE RAILWAY COMPANY. 

This was organized in 1863 with a capital of 
$80,000; D. P. Rhodes being the first president. In 



1864 the company opened the route over Detroit 
street to the terminus of Bridge street and the Pearl 
street line. In 1879 an additional line over Pearl and 
Fulton streets to Lorain street was opened. In addi- 
tion to these lines, it operates under lease a road 
from Lorain street to Brooklyn, laid out by the 
Brooklyn street railway company. The West Side 
company operates about nine miles of track, and its 
managers contemplate an extension of the Fulton 
street line to Gordon avenue. The president is Elias 
Sims. 

THE ST. CLAIR STREET RAILWAY CO. 

was organized July 30, 1867, as the Superior and St. 
Clair Street Railway Co., and in 1867 opened a double 
track road from Water street to Willson avenue, a 
distance of three miles. G. B. Bowers was the presi- 
dent of the company in 1879, and acted also .is super- 
intendent; W. A. Dutton being secretary and treas- 
urer. At Willson avenue this road connects with the 
St. Clair Street and Collamer Railroad. 

ROCKY RIVER RAILROAD COMPANY'. 

This company was organized in 1808 with a capi- 
tal of $80,000, and built a steam railway line from 
Bridge street (West Side) to Rocky river in Rock- 
port, a distance of about six miles. The president is 
Elias Sims. 

BROADWAY AND NEWBURG RAILWAY. 

When this company was incorporated in 1873, H. 
A. Massey was the president and A. E. Jewett, the 
superintendent. On Christmas day, 1873, the road 
was opened from the city to the company's office on 
Broadway, and in September, 1875, the extension to 
Newburg was completed. A double track covers the 
entire route, which is five and three-quarter miles in 
length. The company has a capital of $200,000, and 
owns nineteen cars with eighty-six horses. Joseph 
Stanley, who is the president, also acts as the super- 
intendent. The trustees are Joseph Stanley, Samuel 
Andrews, Charles Hathaway, J. W. Sykora, E. Gras- 
selli, E. Fowler and William Meyer. 

THE SOUTH SIDE RAILWAY COMPANY. 

The South Side Company was organized in 1874. 
Their line extends from Superior and Seneca streets 
to the corner of Jennings avenue and Professor street, 
and then branches out over both those thoroughfares 
about three-quarters of a mile. The president is Al- 
fred Kellogg; the superintendent, A. M. Emerson. 

WOODLAND HILLS AVENUE RAILROAD. 

This is a short line of single track reaching from 
the intersection of Willson and Woodland avenues, 
out Woodland Hills avenue one mile and a half. 
The road was built in 1874 by John Rock, who is the 
present owner. 

THE SUPERIOR STREET RAILWAY COMPANY. 

This company was formed in 1875, and in August 
of that year the road was t)])encd from Monumental 



MISCELLANEOrs DEl'AUTMEXTS AND IXSTirrTIOXS. 



305 



sf|U!ire to Giddings avenue, a distance of two and a 
half miles, over the whole of which a double track 
was laid. The first president of the company was J. 
11. llardie. The president in 1879 was Charles Hath- 
away; tiie treasurer, J. W. Carson; the superintend- 
ent, A. Bartlett. This road connects at Giddings 
avenue witii a steam line to Euclid, built by the Lake 
\'icw, Collanierand Euclid railway cunipany in ISTO. 

EIGHTEENTH WAKU ( EMETEliY. 

This, the oldest of existing city cemeteries, was 
laid out as early as ISO-l and doubtless before, since 
headstones bearing that date are yet to be seen there. 
It covers an area of about eight acres, and is abund- 
antly supplied with memorials to some of those who 
settled in Xewburg township when Cleveland was "a 
small town six miles from Xewburg." The inter- 
ments in this cemetery in 18TS numbered seventy. 

MUX HOE STREET CEMETERY. 

This cemetery is located on the West Side, covers 
an area of thirty-two and a half acres, handsomely 
laid out, and contains many fine tombs and monu- 
ments, of which latter the most costly is that of H. 
L. Whitman at the entrance to the grounds. There 
is in the cemetery a headstone bearing date Septem- 
ber 15, 1820, and recording the death of Adam C. 
'I'aylor, but this stone, with others of about the same 
date, was probably transferred from some other burial 
place since the best obtainable evidence — the early 
records being lost — declares that iEonroe Street Ceme- 
tery was not laid out until some years after 1820. 

The interments in 1878, numbered three hundred 
and twenty-seven, and at this time the cemetery 
tract is so fully occupied that the acquisition of more 
grounds seems imperative. The cemetery has a fine, 
stone, arched entrance which cost ii-l:,300; an office 
built at an expense of §4,200; and a receiving vault 
that cost *3,300. 

ERIE STREET CEMETERY. 

The Erie Street, or as it was originally called the 
City, Cemetery is located on Erie street from which it 
derives its name. It was originally laid out in 182G, 
and was the successor of the old cemetery on the pre- 
sent corner of Ontario and Prospect streets, which 
was laid out and occupied in 1 1!)8, as related in the 
general sketch of the city. It was only two acres in 
extent, but by subsequent enlargements has been made 
to include ten acres of land. The first burial was in 
September, 1827: Minerva M., daughter of Moses and 
Mary White, being the person then interred. Prior 
to the year 1840, no regular register of the sale of 
lots, or of burials, was kept, but at that time the whole 
tract was re-platted and thenceforth a complete record 
of the interments was preserved. The greatest number 
of burials during any single year was seven hundred 
and seven; this was in 1849. 

When the City Cemetery was transferred from the 
corner of Prospect and Ontario streets, out of the ro- 
se 



mains lying there about three hundred were removed 
to the present location. The aggregate number of 
interments in this cemetery is, as near as can be 
ascertained, about fourteen thousand; the total num- 
ber of lots, eight hundred and forty-nine. It is owned 
and maiiitained by the city. 

XORTH BROOKLYX CEMETERY. 

The land of the Brooklyn Cemetery Association 
is situated on Scranton avenue, between Wade and 
Seymour avenues, and was called "Xorth Brooklyn" 
to describe its location in the township of Brooklyn, 
before that portion of the township was included 
within the city limits. 

The association was incorporated in May, 1849, 
with the following officers: Martin Kellogg, Dio- 
date Clark, Robert C. Selden, John W. Soper, Fran- 
cis Branch, Benjamin Beavis and Edward C. \'an 
Hosen, trustees; Benjamin Beavis, clerk: Francis 
Branch, treasurer. The first interment in the ceme- 
tery was that of John Connock, a native of Eng- 
land, aged fifty-two, buried July 22, 1848. 

The present officers of the association are D. S. 
Brainard, X. ileyer and Alfred Kellogg, trustees; 

B. R. Beavis, clerk; Alfred Kellogg, treasurer. 

ST. Joseph's and st. john's cemeteries. 

St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Cemetery, on Wood- 
land avenue, was purchased by Bishop Rappe from X. 

C. Baldwin, June 22, 1849. It comprises about six- 
teen acres, of which but two were at first used for 
burial purposes. This was known as the " old al- 
lotment." When filled, or nearly so, Bishop Rappe 
bought a second tract a few blocks west of St. Joseph's 
cemetery, which is now known as St. John's ceme- 
tery. It was bought May 4, 1855, from N. C. Bald- 
win, and comprises nine and one-half acres. 

During the summer of 1878 Bishop Gilmour had 
the north and west parts of St. Joseph cemetery 
graded and laid out in lots. This part is known as 
the "new allotment," and is laid out and platted on 
the lawn system. It is the intention of the manage- 
ment to follow as closely as possible the plan of Lake 
View cemetery, in the marking of graves and beauti- 
fying the grounds of the new allotment. 

St. Joseph's cemetery was the first place of inter- 
ment in Cuyahoga county owned by Roman Catholics. 
Among the first to be interred there were J. Brogan, 
P. Whelan, J. McCann, J. Lestrange, P. O'Xeil, G. 
Ilancape, H. Kaiser, H. Detmer, J. Faust, 1849-52. 
Total number of interments from July 1, 1849, to 
January 1, 1879, in St. Joseph's and St. John's cem- 
eteries, thirteen thousand seven hundred and sixty- 
four. Rev. G. F. Houck, manager: P. Roach, 
sexton. 

.lEWISH CEMETERY. 

The plat of ground used as the Jewish cemetery 
was laid out in the year 1849, one acre in extent, on 
Willett street, and, owned by the Israelitish Church 



306 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Congregation. This society afterward merged in the 
Anshe Chesed congregation, and the cemetery has 
since been under the control of that society. The 
first interment was that of Morris Marks, who was 
buried in the summer of 1840. In 1869 an additional 
half acre was purchased, so there are one and one-half 
acres of land now within the cemetery limits. There 
liave been nearly six hundred burials in this cemetery 
since it was originally laid out. 

WOODLA>D CEMETERY. 

In 1853 the city purchased of Benjamin F. Butler, 
of New York, sixty and one-half acres, on what is 
now Woodland avenue, for $13,639.50, and laid out 
the present Woodland cemetery, which still retains its 
original dimensions; being in form, nearly square. 

Since 1853 the interments in Woodland have ag- 
gregated about twenty-five thousand. It contains 
many handsome and costly monuments, and among 
the finest are those erected as memorials to the mem- 
bers of the Seventh and Twenty-third Obio regiments 
who fell in the War for the L'nion — that of the 
Seventh having cost S6,000. Among the legion of 
graves may be counted two hundred and fifty-seven, 
in which sleep as many of Ohio's citizens who were 
slain by rebel hands. The imposing stone structure 
which adorns the entrance to Woodland was built in 
1878. The interments in 1878 numbered seven hun- 
dred and twenty-three. 

ST. jiary's cemetery. 

St. Mary's Cemetery, corner of Burton street and- 
Clark avenue, was purchased by Bishop Kappe and St. 
Mary's congregation, from Gerhard Schreiber, April 
15, 1861, and comprises about six acres. It is used 
exclusively by the German and Bohemian Catholic 
congregations. West Side. It is under the manage- 
ment and control of the pastor of St. Mary's congre-. 
gation — at present Rev. S. Falk — subject, however, to 
the diocesan authorities. Total number of inter- 
ments to May 1, 1879, one thousand seven hundred 
and fifty-seven. Among the first to be interred were 
John Gies, Joseph Freuud, Mary Kerik, Ann Wen- 
zink, John Berg, Joseph Pfeiffer. 

lake view cemetery. 

This handsomely adorned and picturesquely located 
city of the dead covers an area of three hundred and 
five acres, and is approached from the city from Eu- 
clid avenue. It was laid oTit in 1869, and is now 
elaborately and handsomely improved, with smooth 
gravel drives, sweeping lawns, bright parterres of 
flowers, lakes, etc., and is, in short, one of the most 
beautiful cemeteries in the West. Among the many 
handsome monuments to be seen at Lake View, the 
one erected upon the lot of ilr. J. H. Wade, and 
costing thirteen thousand dollars, is probably the 
finest. 

The entire cost of the three hundred and five acres 
now occupied by the cemetery was §170,495. The 



grounds are undulating, some parts having an altitude 
of upwards of two hundred feet, and some of these 
eminences present views of extraordinary beauty. 

The cemetery is owned and conti-olled by a corpora- 
tion known as the Lake View Cemetery Association, 
whose officers, in 1879, were Joseph Perkins, presi- 
dent; J. H. Wade, vice president: Charles Wilbur, 
treasurer and clerk. It is situated in the township 
of East Cleveland, but is essentially a city institution, 
and is therefore included among the city cemeteries. 

RIVERSIDE cemetery. 

Riverside, located on the West Side, at the junction 
of Columbus street and Scranton avenue, was laid out 
in 18T6, by an association of lot owners, incorporated 
under the name of the Riverside Cemetery Associa- 
tion. A tract of one hundred and two and a half 
acres, bordering upon the Cuyahoga river, was pur- 
chased for §102,500, and divided into five thousand 
and seventy-two burial lots. Riverside is as rich in nat- 
ural beauty as any of Cleveland's ether cemeteries, be- 
ing gracefully dotted with wooded ravines, beautiful 
lakes, sightly eminences and expansive lawns. Quot- 
ing from the Association prospectus: " The crowning 
feature, perhaps, of the entire grounds, albeit it is no 
easy task to isolate its beauties one from the other, is 
the ' Grand Avenue,' on the main plateau, leading 
from the chapel and receiving tomb along a plane 
of a thousand feet, and without a curve, terminated 
at the eastern end by a fountain of novel design, 
formed of dark- polished granite. "" 

A handsome' chapel and receiving tomb, erected 
in 1876, at a cost of §-4,100, stands near the center of 
the cemetery, and materially adds to the i>leasing ef- 
fect of the beautiful surrounding landscape. The 
most expensive work of art in Riverside is an impos- 
ing "canopy monument," which cost §10,0(i0. It is 
the work of the New England Granite Company, of 
Hartford, Connecticut, and is owned in common by 
Messrs. Thomas and Isaac Lamson and S. W. Sessions. 
The interments in Riverside, from 1876 to August, 
1879, numbered four hundred. The officers of the 
Association for 1879 are Josiah Barber, president; S. 
W. Sessions, vice president: Alfred Kellogg, treasu- 
rer: J. M. Curtiss, clerk and superintendent. 



CHAPTER LXII. 

MANUFACTUHES. 

Cuyahoga Steam Furnace Company — Lake Shore Foundry— Jewett and 
Goodman Organ Company — Cleveland Rolling Mill Company— Cleve- 
land Paper Company— Novelty- Iron Works — Meriam and Morgan 
Paraffine Company — Cleveland Foundry— Bourne and Knowles— 
Union Steel Screw Company- Grasselli Chemical Works— Taylor & 
Boggis' Foundry — Cleveland Spring Company — Cleveland Steam 
Gauge Company— ^^'hite Manufacturing Company— King Iron Bridge 
and 5Ianufacturing Company— Otis Iron and Steel Company— Wors- 
wick Manufacturing Company. 

Although Cleveland did not become a decidedly 
manufacturing city until the outbreak of the war, in 
1861, yet it had taken some steps in that direction a 





^^ 



^-^^J 



MAMTACTURES. 



307 



Umg time previously. Of some of the very earliest, 
;iml eonse((uently the smallest, of these manufactures 
we iuive made brief mention in the general sketch of 
the city at the beginning of Part II. To the great 
industries now in existence we devote the following 
pages; arranging the various establishments as nearly 
as practicable in the order of their beginning opera- 
tions; so that a glance at this chapter will sliow not 
only the origin of various individual enterprises, but 
will also give some idea of the manufacturing tenden- 
cies and progress of Cleveland. Of course it is imprac- 
ticable for us to do more than call attention to the 
principal institutions of this class, from which, how- 
ever, the reader can at least gain an idea of the enter- 
prise which in less than twenty _vears has changed 
Cleveland from an almost purely commercial town to 
one of the greatest manufacturing centers in the 
country. 

cfYAHOGA STEAM FIRXACE COMPANY. 

This estalilishment deserves and holds a prominent 
jilace in the front rank of Cleveland's manufacturing- 
industries, both by reason of its early origin and 
l)resent importance. The name of the corporation is 
hardly indicative of the nature of its business, as it 
certainly has never had anything to do with the manu- 
facture of steam furnaces. The name is sui)posed to 
have been bestowed because, when started, the works 
were supplied with a steam engine for "blowing" the 
furnaces, whereas other foundries in this part of the 
country used horse-power. 

At all events, the Cuyahoga Steam Furnace Com- 
pany was incorporated March 3, 183-4, and in the fol- 
lowing April the company was organized by the 
election of Josiah Barber, Richard Lord and Luke 
Risley, as directors, and Charles Hoyt, as agent. 

The works were located in what was then Ohio 
City (now the West Side) at the corner of Detroit and 
Center streets, where they remain to tiiis day. Inci- 
dental to a general foundry business, the first impor- 
tant article of manufacture was a patent horse-power, 
which gained considerable notoriety. In 1841 the 
com])any manufactured a large number of cannon for 
the general government, and afterwards enlarged its 
scope of operations from the manufacture of castings, 
plows, mill-irons, etc., to the production of large 
machinery. 

This new and important departure was to a large 
e-^ctent^effected in 184:'2, when Ethan Rogers entered 
the company's service and undertook the construction 
of machinery to Ije used in the building of railways. 
Not long afterwards the company built a locomotive 
engine for a newly-constructed railway between De- 
troit and Pontiac, in Michigan, and this locomotive, 
the first built west of tiie Alleghenies, after twelve 
years of hard work, was in such good condition that 
it was sold for very near its cost. At the company's 
works were built, also, the locomotives first used on 
the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati railroad and 



the Cleveland and Ashtabula (now Lake Shore) rail- 
road. 

Besides the distinction of Iiaving built the first lo- 
comotive in the west, the company gained also the 
additional one of constructing the earliest successful 
machinery for a lake screw propeller: the " Emi- 
grant'' being the vessel supplied with its production. 

Progress has ever been the watchword of this cor- 
j)oration, which has maintained an unbroken career 
of prosperity since its foundation in 1834, and the 
business of which, from a small venture, has risen to 
such proportions that upwards of one hundred and 
fifty men are constantly eniployed in the works. The 
company's capital, fixed at §100,000 at the outset, 
has remained unchanged. Its productions embrace 
steam-engines and machinery of the largest class for 
mills and vessels, and are familiar on all the great 
lakes and in all the large manufactories of the West. 
Mr. J. F. Holloway (for many years previous con- 
nected with the company) was, upon the death of 
President W. B. Castle in 1873, chosen president and 
business manager, and since that time has discharged 
the duties of those offices, while serving, as w-ell, as 
designer, engraver and superintendent. The secre- 
tary of the company is Mr. Sanford I. Lewis, who 
has occupied the place since 1801. 

LAKE SHORE FOUXDRY. 

This prominent industry was established in the 
year 1850, by Mr. Seizer, and continued under his 
management until 1866. S. Merchant then succeeded 
to the proprietorship and conducted the business until 
1874 when a joint stock company was formed: 0. 
M. Burke being president and treasurer; A. M. 
Burke, vice president: and C. E. Burke, secretary. 

The buildings and premises at the foot of Alabanui 
street consist of two brick foundries, each one hun- 
dred feet square, and one two-story machine shop, 
forty by two hundred feet in size. The company 
manufactures car, bridge and general castings, and 
makes a specialty of casting water and gas pipe. The 
annual business amounts to nearly half a million 
dollars. Near one hundred and sixty men are em- 
ployed, to whom, on the average, wages of about §10 
per week are paid. 

THE .TEWETT AXD GOODMAN ORGAX COMPANY^ 

The manufacture of organs in Cleveland was estab- 
lislied by Child and Bishop, in 1852. In 1800 Jewett 
and Goodman purchased the interest of that firm and 
continued the business until 1877, at which time a 
joint stock company was formed and incorporated 
under the style of The Jewett & Goodman Organ 
Company, with a capital stock of %60,000. In 1876 
the manufactory was removed from Ontario street to 
the corner of Rockwell and Bond streets. The offi- 
cers of the company are S. A. Jewett, president and 
treasurer: C. D. Goodman, vice president; F. C. Goff, 
secretary. 



308 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



CLEVELAKD KOLLIXG MILL COilPAXY. 

Cleveland's most important manufacturing indus- 
try, and one of the greatest in the world, is that 
located in the eighteenth ward of the city, (commonly 
known as Xewburg), and operated by the Cleveland 
Eolling Mill Company. This company had its origin 
in the firm of Chisholm, Jones & Co., founded at 
Xewburg by Henry Chisholm in 1857, and engaged 
from that year until 1863 in the manufacture of rail- 
way and bar iron. In September, 1863, the firm of 
Chisholm, Jones & Co., was superseded by a joint 
stock corporation, under the same leadership, with 
the name above given, and since that time the business 
has steadily expanded until it has now reached results 
which are almost marvelous. 

The works proper cover an area of thirty-two acres; 
their products includes Bessemer steel and iron rails 
and fastenings, S23ring steel and wire of all kinds, steel 
horse shoes, tire, axles and other forgings, boiler 
plate, galvanized and black sheet iron, corrugated 
roofing and siding of Siemens-Miytm, Bessemer steel 
and iron, etc., etc.. The capital of the company is 
82,000,000; the number of men emjDloyed averages 
four thousand; the yearly pay-roll reaches to more 
than two millions of dollars, and the annual con- 
sumption of coal is two hundred and fifty thousand 
tons. One hundred and fifty teams, besides locomo- 
tives, cars, etc., — all owned by the company — are em- 
ployed in the transportation of material between the 
various departments of the works: the yearly product 
of steel and iron rails aggregates one hundred and 
ten thousand tons; that of wire, twenty-one thousand 
tons, and that of merchant iron and steel, twenty 
thousand tons. 

These figures are given in a comprehensive form 
to show at a glance the scope of this remarkable in- 
dustry, the details of which are, of course, too elabo- 
rate to be described in our limited space. The wire- 
mills deserve, however, especial mention, for they are 
the largest of their kind in this country. All kinds 
of steel wire are made, ranging from the coarsest 
description known down to that of the fineness of a 
hair. More than six thousand tons of grain-binding 
wire alone were manufactured in 1879. 

The company also opei'ates in Chicago a mill that 
yields one hundred and fifty tons of rails daily, and 
two blast furnaces, the daily product of which is one 
hundred and twenty tons of pig iron. It also owns 
all its own mines of ore in the Lake Superior region, 
whence its supplies are drawn. 

The president of the company is Mr. Henry Chis- 
holm, who resides in Cleveland, and the vice president 
is Mr, A, B. Stone, of Kew York, w-ho manages the 
business of the corporation in the latter city. 

CLEVELAND PAPER COilPAXY. 

The Cleveland Paper Company was regularly in- 
corporated on the 1st day of October, 1860, by M. C, 
Y'ounglove, John Hoyt, Hiram Griswold, X. W, Tay- 
lor and G. Woi'thington, stockholders and proprietors. 



The capital stock was originally fixed at 8100,000, but, 
owing to a rapid expansion in the business of the 
corporation, was in June, 1867, increased to s<300,000. 
The factories, five in number, are located as follows: 
Two in Cleveland, (one on Broadway and one on For- 
est street), and one each in Massillon, Canton, and 
Monroe Falls, At these are manufactured all varieties 
of paper, and employment is furnished to over three 
hundred persons. The principal offices and salesroom 
occupy the entire four story building at No. 128 St. 
Clair street. 

The present officers of the company are Ansel Rob- 
erts, president; N. W, Taylor, agent; H. S. Whittle- 
sey, secretary and treasurer; E. Mill, superintendent 
of warehouse; J. W. Brightman, superintendent of 
mills. 

XOVELTY IROX WORKS. 

This important industry was established in 1860, by 
Thomas E. Reeve. The works consist of a machine 
and blacksmith shop, in a building ninety by one 
hundred and fifty-seven feet in dimensions, located on 
the corner of Wason and Hamilton streets. Here are 
manufactured iron bridges, buildings, roofs, railroad 
frogs and crossings, and general machine work of all 
kinds. In these works are employed seventy-five men, 
at an average salary of about S12.00 per week. 

THE STANDARD OIL COMPANY. 

This extensive corporation had its inception in tlie 
year 1861, in a comparatively small copartnership 
business conducted by John D. Rockefeller and Henry 
M. Flagler. So rapid was the increase in the manu- 
facture of 25etroleum and the sale of its products that 
in January, 1870, a stock company was formed and 
incorporated under the name of "Standard Oil Com- 
pany," having its principal place of business at Cleve- 
land. John D, Rockefeller, Henry M. Flagler, Sam- 
uel Andrews, Stephen V, Harkuess and William 
Rockefeller, comprised the board of directors and 
managers. The capital stock was fixed at ^1,000,00*' 
in shares of one hundred dollars each. The work- 
and projierty of the comjiany are situated on what is 
known as Kingsbury Run, and cover an area of about 
one hundred acres. The jiresent officers are as fol- 
lows: John D. Rockefeller, president: William Rock- 
efeller, vice president; Henry M. Flagler, secretary; 
0. H, Payne, treasurer; S. Andrews, superintendent; 
G. I. Vail, auditor; L, H. Severance, cashier. 

This company does the largest business in its line 
— the refining and sale of petroleum — in the world, 
and there are few manufacturing establishments of 
any kind which surpass it. It has absorbed the 
greater part of the product of the Pennsylvania oil 
regions, and these when refined are sold throughout 
all of the civilized and part of the uncivilized world, 

MERIAM AND MORGAN PARAFFINE COMPANY. 

The manufacture of paraffins oil and wax was com- 
menced in Cleveland in 1863, bv the firm of More- 




fii^^v^i^^^ 





^^o 



II 

II 



MANUFACTl'lfKS. 



309 



lioust' and .MtTiani. In l.sO.') the tirni was changed to 
Jloorehouse, Meriam & Co., and again in 1869, to 
Meriam & Morgan. In 1874 the tirm became a body 
corporate under the name of the "Meriam and Mor- 
gan Parafline Compan\'," with a capital stock of 
1300,000. The offices and factory are located in a 
three story brick bnilding, on the corner of Central 
'Way and Ohio street. On the canal, opposite the 
main building, is an ice-house having a capacity of 
six thousand tons. T)iecom]>any"s refinery is located 
on the Atlantic and Great Western Eailroad, and cov- 
ers seven acres of land. The officers of the company 
are E. P. ilorgau, president: J. B. Meriam, vice 
president and treasurer; William Morgan, superin- 
tendent; Herman Frasch, chemist; C. T. Carruth, 
secretary. 

CLEVELAND FOrNDRY. 

This industry, one of the leading enterprises of the 
city, was established iu the year 1864 by the firm of 
Bowler & Maher. In 1870 C. A. Brayton entered the 
firm, which has since been known as Bowler, Maher 
& P.rayton. In connection with the manufacture of 
car wheels, the firm also produces all casting j^ertaiu- 
ing to street railroads, rolling mills and blast furnaces. 
At the works, Nos. 7, 9, 11 and 13 Winter street, one 
hundred men are employed. Tlie firm now consists 
of X. P. Bowler, Thomas Maher and C. A. Brayton. 

BOTRXE \ KXOWLES. 

The manufacture of hot and cold pressed nuts, 
washers, chain-links and rivets was commenced at the 
corner of Elm and Main streets, by the firm of Sher- 
man, Damon & Co. in tiie year 1864. This firm was 
composed of David S. Sherman, Roger Damon, Jr., 
and E. F. Thayer. On the 16th of October, 1866, 
the business was enlarged and the old firm succeeded 
by Bourne, Damon & Knowles. Mr. Damon retired 
in September, 1871, since which Messrs. Bourne and 
Knowles liave continued the l)usiness. The building 
occupied by the firm is a two-story brick, one hundred 
and twenty by one hundred and si.\ty-three in dimen- 
sions. 

IXIOX .STEEL ^CKEW COMPAXY. 

This great establishment was incorporated by Am- 
asa Stone, Jr., William Chisliolm, Henrv Chisholm, 
A. B. Stone and II. B. Payne, with a capital stock 
of *l,uoo,()(»i in shares of *iloO each. The business 
of the corporation is confined almost entirely to the 
manufacture of screws, but in that line is one of the 
largest in the country. 

GRASSELLI CHEMK AL WORKS. 

The manufacture of acids by E. Grasselli, senior 
member of the present firm, was commenced at Cin- 
cinnati in 1839. The extensive oil interests which 
centered in Cleveland induced Mr. Grasselli, in 1866, 
to establish works here for tiie manufacture of chem- 
icals of different kinds. Tiie buildings and yards of 



the premises, on Broadway and Independence street, 
cover over twenty-two acres of ground, and furnish 
emjiloyment for sixty persons. The firm consists of 
E. Grasselli and Cajsar A. Grasselli, his son. 

TAYLOR & BOGGIS' FOLXDRY. 

This enterprise wa-s started on Central Place, in 
1866, by the firm of Harvey Taylor & Son. A few 
years later the works were removed to their present 
location on Central Way, and the firm was changed 
to Taylor &: Boggis. The works consist of the wood- 
pattern, foundry, machine and metal-pattern depart- 
ments. 

CLEVELAX-^D SPRIX'G COMPAXY. 

This corporation was organized October 21, 1868, 
with a capital stock of $200,000. The works are sit- 
uated at the corner of West River and AViuslow streets, 
having a front of one hundred and seven feet, and a 
depth of three hundred and fifty. The company man- 
ufactures steel springs for locomotives, cars, carriages 
and wagons. The officers are as follows: E. H. 
Bourne, president; Wm. K. Corlett, vice president; 
H. M. Knowles, secretary; E. H. Bourne. Wm. K. 
Corlett, H. M. Knowles, S. Bourne and John Corlett, 
directors. 

CLEVELAXD STEAM GAUGE COMPAXY. 

The Cleveland Steam Gauge Company was incor- 
porated on the 20th day of April, 1869, with a capital 
stock of fifty thousand dollars. The officers and in- 
corporators were as follows: D. W. Cross, president; 
J. P. Holt, superintendent; W. 8. Dodge, secretary 
and treasurer; J. E. French, general manager. 

This company was organized for the purpose of 
manufacturing Holt's patent steam gauges for loco- 
motive and stationary engines, spring balances, water 
gauges, test pumps and test gauges, syplions, brass 
cocks, air and vacuum gauges, Watson's forge and 
blower, Emery's universal cotton gin, etc. 

The business was established by Mr. Holt in 1867, 
and has steadily increased up to this time. Tiic 
works of this company are located on West street, in 
a building one hundred and twenty-fire feet square. 
The officers are D. W. Cross, president: J. E. Frencii, 
vice president; J. P. Holt, superintendent: AV. S. 
Dodge, secretary and treasurer. 

WHITE MAXTFACTURIXG COMPANY. 

This company was incorporated on the 25th day of 
November, 1870, Ijy Thomas 11. Wiiite, Rollin C. 
White, George W. Baker, Henry AV. White and 
D'Arcy Porter, who formed the association for the 
purpose of manufacturing sewing machines and arti- 
cles connected with them. The more particular ob- 
ject was the manufacture of the " White Sewing Jla- 
chine," of which Thomas II. White was the patentee. 
The capital stock was fixed at *2iiO,GOO. In the works 
of tlie Company on Canal street are emploj-ed from 
five to six hundred persons, at an] average salary of 



310 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



nearly 175 each per month. The works occupy the five- 
story building at Nos. 22 to 26 Canal street; the main 
offices and counting room are at Xos. 358 and 360 
Euclid avenue. From July, 18T6, to the close of 
18T7, the company produced from one hundred and 
fifty to two hundred machines per day. 

The present officers are Thomas H. White, presi- 
dent; E. C. White, vice president; S. E. Henderson, 
secretary; H. W. White, treasurer; D'Arcy Porter, 
superintendent; George W. Baker, assistant superin- 
tendent. 

THE KING IROX BRIDGE AXD MANUFACTL'RIXG 
COMPANY. 

On tlie 26th day of January, 1871, Zenas King, 
Thomas A. Eeeve, A. B. Stone, Charles A. Barnard, 
Charles A. Crumb, Dan P. Eells and Henry Chis- 
holm associated themselves togetlier for the purpose 
of manufacturing bridges and all kinds of machine 
work, under the name of " The King L'on Bridge 
and Manufacturing Company." The capital stock 
was fixed at %i225,000. 

In 1858 Zenas King founded the business, with a 
capital of $5,000, which was at first confined to the 
manufacture of arch and swing bridges. The com- 
pany now produces all kinds of truss, combination 
and wood bridges, as well as the patent arch. The 
works, located at the corner of Wason and Hamilton 
streets, cover one hundred and ten thousand square 
feet of land. The present officers are Zenas King, 
president; James A. King, vice president; Harley B. 
Gibbs, secretary; A. H. Porter, engineer. 

OTIS IROX AXD STEEL COMPAX'Y. 

The Otis L-on and Steel Company was formed on 
the 13th day of June, 1873, by Charles A. Otis, W. 
S. C. Otis, E. B. Thomas, W. S. Streator and Dan 
P. Eells. The purpose of the organization was to 
engage in the manufacture of iron and steel in all of 
its various branches. The capital stock was »300,000, 
in shares of SI, 000 each. The Company's works are 
located on Lake, near Lawrence street, and the pres- 
ent officers are Charles A. Otis, president: Jos. K. 
Bole, secretary, S. T. Willman, superintendent. 

WORSVVICK MAXUFACTURING COMPAXY. 

This company had its origin in the manufacturing 
firm of Worswiek & Lewis, and was incorporated 
October, 14, 1876, the capital stock being i5l(iO,000. 
The company manufactures wrought iron pipe, iron 
fittings and brass goods for steam, water and oil use. 
The works, located on the corner of Merwin and 
Center streets, occupy the entire three story building, 
ninety by one hundred and thirty feet in size. The 
present officers are as follows: J. E. Worswiek, pres- 
ident; John A. Prindle, vice president; W. F. Brown, 
secretary; John F. Taylor, treasurer; J. E. Worswiek, 
E. Lewis, John A. Prindle, Fayette Brown and H. E. 
Prindle, directors. 



CHAPTER LXIIL 

SCHOOLS AND LIBKARIES * 

The First School— Faint Traditions— The First Known School House in 
the Village— The SubscriptioQ— Sale to the Village— The Academy- 
Private Schools— The Free School— The First School System— I>ur- 
chase of the Academy — New School Houses — Plenty of Readers — Uni- 
form Text Books Prescribed — The Seats— Salaries — Establishment of 
High School— Wide Awake Boys— A Three-story School House— Ap- 
pointment of a Superintendent— The Old Board— Faithful Members- 
Superintendent Freese — Annexation of Ohio City — The ScV ools there 
—The "Branch High School"— The Board of Education— The System 
thoroughly established — Annexation of East Cleveland — Consolida- 
tion — The New High School— Its Description— Supervising Principals 
and the N'oimal School— The Number of Scholars— Teachers and their 
Salaries— Conclusion. 

The first school within the territory of the present 
city of Cleveland was taught by Miss Sarah Doan, 
daughter of Nathaniel Doan of "Doan's Corners,*' in 
what was then known as the Kingsbury neighborhood, 
near the present corner of Kinsman street and Wood- 
land Hights avenue, about four miles from Monu- 
mental Park. Even now it is close to the western 
boundary of the city. Though there is no distinct 
record, it is safe to say that the school-house was built 
of logs as there was no other kind of buildings in this 
part of the world. 

For several years schools were kept more regularly 
in Newburg and the Kingsbury neighborhood than 
at Cleveland proper, whence sickness repelled emi- 
grants so completely that two or three families was 
considered a large population. In fact, we can find 
no mention of a school or school house there until 
1814. There is a tradition, as Mr. Freese says, in 
his "Early History of Cleveland Public Schools," 
that a school was taught about 1802 or 1803, when there 
were but five children, and another that there was one 
in 181H, when there were fifty-seven inhabitants, and 
when it would surely seem as if there ought to have 
been one. It is evident, however, that there were 
very few schools previous to the war of 1812, or some 
of the reminiscences on record regarding that period 
would have mentioned them. The first record of any 
school in Cleveland village is of one kept by a Mr. Cap- 
man in 1814. 

The first school-house in the village, of which there 
is any account, was probably built in 1815, as the late 
Leonard Case, who came in 1816, mentions it as then 
existing (in a manuscript left by him), as does also 
Mr. Moses White. The latter describes it as a 
little new building, about eighteen feet by twenty- 
eight, with a stone chimney, located where the 
the Kennard House now stands. It was built by sub- 
scription: the following being the contributors, 
with the amounts subscribed by each: T. and I. 
Kelley, S20; Stephen S. Dudley, §5; Daniel Kelley, 
*10: T. and D. Miles, $5: Wm. Trimball, S5; J. 
Eiddall, So; Walter Bradrock, S2.50; Levi Johnson, 
810; J. Heather, *5; Horace Perry, 810; John A. 
Ackley, $5; A. W. Walwoi-th, 85; George Wallace, 
85; Jacob Wilkerson, 85; Pliny Mowry, 85: D. C. 
Hendei'son, 815; David Long, 815; Samuel Williani- 

♦Largely from Freese's Early History of the Cleveland Public Schools. 




\0^ f x* 




SCHUULS AND LIBRARIES. 



311 



sou. *;15; Alonzo Carter, *15; John Dixon, ^b; N. 
II. Mcrwin, ^5; James Root, So; Joel Na.son, 83; Ed- 
ward McCarney, 4<5; George Pease, *5. The total 
was §108.70. which wcmld Imild i|uite a scliool-house 
iu tliose days. 

After it was ereuted, however, it was deemed Ijes 
that the village should own it, and on the 13th day of 
January, ISIT, the trustees voted to return the sub- 
scription money to the donors and receive the title to 
the school-house. It was not only the school-house 
but the meeting-house of the village, being occupied 
as such in winter whenever an occasional minister 
visited the locality, while tiie larger but colder court- 
house was used for tlie same purpose in summei'. 
This was the only temple of education iu Cleveland 
for several years. The village gave the use of the 
house to successive teachers, wlio then managed the 
schools in their own manner, collecting what fees 
they could from tlie parents of the scholars. 

In 1821 the citizens of the growing village united 
in erecting a two-story brick building, termed the 
Cleveland Academy, located on St. Clair street. It 
was finished the next year; the Cleveland Herald of 
June 6. 183"2. mentioning with pride the convenient 
academy of brick, with its handsome spire, and its spa- 
cious room in the second slory for public purposes, 
which was tlien nearly completed. Scarcely were the 
lower rooms finished, when, on the 2(Jth of the same 
moutii, a school was opened in it under the Rev.Wm. 
McLean. The reverend gentlemen taught reading, 
spelling and writing for §L75 per term; grammar 
and geography were included for S2.T5 per term, 
while if there were any young Clevelanders ambitious 
to study Greek. Latin or the higher mathematics, 
they or their parents were obliged to disburse §4 per 
term to secure them that privilege at the Cleveland 
Academy. 

The building was about forty-five feet by twenty- 
five: the lower story being divided into two school 
rooms, while the upper one was employed for church 
meetings, lectures, traveling shows, and all the mul- 
tifarious uses of a public hall in a fi'ontier village. 
At a later date, when Cleveland became more popu- 
lous, the higher department of the school was re- 
moved to the upper story, Harvey Rice, Esq., then a 
young law student, just from the East, served as prin- 
cipal for a short time, beginning in 1824. The acade- 
my was kept \\\> until -about the time of the incorpor- 
ation of the city of Cleveland in 1830, when it was 
superseded by the school system then adopted. 

As early as 1825 a young ladies" academy was es- 
talilislifil, which advertised to teach reading, writing, 
grammar, geograjdiy. painting, needlework and em- 
broidery. 

Meanwhile several private schools for young schol- 
ars were maintained at different times. In 1830 an 
attemjit was made to buy the academy buildins in be- 
half of the corporation but it did not succeed. 

In 1833 or '34 a school was established, supported 
by charity, and attended by the children of the poor- 



est inhabitants. It was called the "Free School," 
and probably received some aid from the village 
authorities, for very soon after the organization of 
the city government the council voted to employ a 
teacher and assistant to conduct it until a school sys- 
tem should be organized. In September following, 
R. S. Gazlay, principal of the free school, rei)orted 
that two hundred and twenty-nine children had at- 
tended it during the preceding three months, at a 
cost of one hundred and thirty one dollars and twelve 
cents. On the fifth of the succeeding month the 
council appointed the first board of school managers, 
consisting of John W. Willey, Anson Haydon and 
Daniel Worley. 

In March, 183T, the board reported that they had 
kept up the "Common Free School" at a cost of 
•SlS-i.TT for the winter quarter. They advised a more 
liberal allowance for the support of schools, and es- 
pecially for the erection of school-houses. The second 
board, appointed in 1837, consisted of Samuel Cowles, 
Samuel Williamson and Philip Battell. 

It was not until July 7, 1837, that any general sys- 
tem of public schools was established in Cleveland. 
An ordinance was then passed by the council, direct- 
ing its school committee to lease suitable buildings 
or rooms for school purposes, the exjiense not to ex- 
ceed half the amount which the council was author- 
ized to expend annually in building school-houses. 
The other half, or so much as might be necessary, 
was directed to be used in buying furniture and 
apparatus. The board of school managers was also 
authorized to establish in the rooms so obtained such 
elementary schools as they deemed necessary, to be 
kept up four months from the .24th of July, to 
be entirely supported by the city, and therefore to be 
restricted in expenses to the amount of that part of 
the city revenue set aside for that purpose. 

The board proceeded to organize three school dis- 
tricts, m each of which separate schools for boys and 
girls were established as soon as possible, under three 
male and three female teachers. They were main- 
tained a little over four months, at an aggregate cost 
for tuition of *C40.82. During the winter the six 
schools were retained, and two more added for small 
children. There were eight hundred and forty names 
on the rolls, and an average attendance of four hun- 
dred and sixty-eight: the cost for that term being 
-^868. 02. 

These schools were wholly free, and the authorities 
of Cleveland seem to have stepped at once fi'om sul)- 
stantial iudilference (iu their public capacity) regard- 
ing educational matters to a complete adoption of the 
free-school system. Tlie income devoted to school 
j)urposes during the year was *2,830, which was suf- 
ficient to pay for tuition, rent and fuel. 

During tlie next year the number of .schools was 
increased to eleven, the average attendance being live 
hundred and eighty-eight, as appears by the report of 
Silas Beldeu, tlenry Sexton and ,blenry H. Dodge, 
the managers for that vear. 



312 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



The old academy was rented two years by the city 
for the use of the common schools, and in 1839 was 
purchased for $6,000. In the spring of that year, 
also, two lots were purchased, on the recommendation 
of a committee of which Harvey Eice was chairman, 
on each of which was erected a two-story brick school- 
house, forty-five feet square, one on Rockwell and one 
on Prospect street, each intended to seat two hundred 
children. Both were finished in 1840. The one on 
Prospect street was lately occupied by the board of 
education. These, with the academy building, would 
seat comfortably si.x hundred children, but were com- 
pelled for a time to accommodate nearly nine hun- 
dred. 

Each of these three schools was organized in Decem- 
ber, 1840, with a senior and primary grade, and each 
of these was subdivided into a boys and girls depart- 
ment. The three principals, who were also the teach- 
ers respectively of the boys department in the senior 
grade were A. N. Gray in the Rockwell street school, 
Andrew Freese in the prospect street school, and 
George W. Yates in the St. Clair street, or academy, 
school. The first had two hundred and seventy 
scholars under them; the second two hundred and 
seventy-five, and the third two hundred and forty. 

Besides these, there were the Bethel school with two 
teachers and a hundred and fifty-five scholars; one on 
the corner of Prospect and Ontario streets, witli one 
teacher and fifty-five pupils, and one on Chestnut 
street with one teacher and fifty-six pupils. 

Mr. Freese published a program of the daily ex- 
ercises in the Prospect street school in one of the 
early years of its existence, which shows a multi- 
plicity of " readers," and of classes conformed to them, 
which seems almost ludicrous to the modern reader, 
tliough the extra labor and perplexity could not have 
been at all amusing to the teachers. The list em- 
braces classes in the "English Reader," "Porter's 
Rhetorical Reader," '" Historical Reader" and " An- 
gell's Xo. 2 Reader"; also in "Smith's Grammar" 
and " Kirkham's Grammar." Besides these, Smith's 
Arithmetic, Smith's Geography and "Parley's" His- 
tory were the principal text books. The only subiects 
higher than the ordinary English branches were alge- 
bra and natural philosophy: there being one class in 
each. 

Soon after, the board of school managers prescribed 
a uniform list of text books for each grade, but the 
teachers could divide the schools into such classes as 
they saw fit. 

The furniture of the school room was hardly 
changed at this time from the most primitive form 
ever used; consisting of two lines of long seats extend- 
ing around the room, a short distance from the wall, 
the rear ones having no backs and the front ones no 
fronts. The backs of the front row, with their at- 
tached shelves, served as desks for the occupants of 
the benches behind. It was not until 1845 that the two- 
seated pine desks which are still common in country 
schools, came into use; each matching with the other, 



and consisting of a seat, a back, a writing desk, and a 
book shelf combined. These were really quite an in- 
genious and convenient invention. 

The salaries of the male principals at this period 
were ten dollars per week; those of the female assist- 
ants were five dollars per week— a school week then 
comprising five and a half days. 

LTntil 1846 no important change took place in the 
constitution of the schools, and no new school build- 
ings appear to have been erected, tliough rooms were 
rented in various localities to meet the wants of the 
growing city. In that year Mayor Hoadley in his in- 
augural address recommended the establishment of a 
high school, composed of the best scholars of the 
common schools. The council adopted the recom- 
mendation, leased the basement of a church on Pros- 
pect street, and made Andrew Freese, principal of the- 
Prospect-street school, principal of the new academic 
department. It went into operation on the 1st of July 
1846, with thirty-four pupils: a number increased 
during the year to eighty-three. 

This "new-fangled " arrangement, however, was 
strongly opjjosed by many of the citizens, who held 
that the council had no legal right to establish such a 
school, and also that it was unjust and inexpedient to 
tax people for the maintainanee of higher education. 
A warm discussion was the consequence, both in the 
council and among the people: but it was settled in 
favor of the continuance of the high school. A girl's 
department of it was also opened in the spring of 
1847. 

The school was not a very exjiensive institution at 
that time; the total annual cost for several years be- 
ing about nine hundred dollars; of which four hun- 
dred constituted the salary of the principal, and two 
hundred and fifty that of his sole assistant. Another 
assistant was added in 1852. All the higher English 
studies were taught there, but tlie languages were not 
yet made a part of the course. 

The boys who went to the high school uiidei' Mr. 
Freese during those early years were an energetic, 
restless set, many of whom have since made tlieir 
mark in the world, including Senator John P. Jones, 
of Nevada, Governor Lucius Fairchild, of Wisconsin, 
and several others but little less famous. They were 
ready to overcome almost any obstacle. They gave 
lectures on chemistry and other subjects, from which 
they obtained money to buy philosophical apparatus, 
for the school. They bought materials, and them- 
selves laid up a small brick laboratory: they made 
some of the apparatus they desired with their own 
hands; they edited and published a monthly called 
the School Boy for two or three years, and by their 
pluck and perseverance contributed largely toward 
breaking down the lingering prejudices against the 
high school. 

On the opening of the new decade in 1850 the ne- 
cessity of more school-room could no longer be denied, 
and in 1851 the Brownell-street school-house was 
erected: similar in size and form to the Prospect and 



SCHOOLS AXD LIBRARIES. 



313 



HuL'k well-street lioiiscs :ilrea(ly described. When it 
\v;is opened for use in January, 1852, under Principal 
1*;. K. White, it was immediately filled to overflowing. 
'Die quandary of the board of managers as to how 
relief should be afforded — whether to i)ut on a third 
story, erect a new building, or employ some other 
means — was settled in a very peculiar manner. A 
high wind blew off the roof of the new school-house. 
Whether the members of the board looked on this as 
a providential decision or not, they at once accepted 
it as literally opening the way out of their difficulty, 
and directed the addition of a third story before the 
roof was replaced. Such was the accidental origin 
of the first three-story brick school-house in Cleve- 
land. This in time became too small for the con- 
stantly increasing number of scholars, and in 1863 it 
was sold; the school being removed to a newly erected 
edifice of ample proportions, on the opposite side of 
the street — commonly known as the Bradburn school- 
house. 

The Brownell-street school was followed in 1852 by 
the Mayflower-street school, which opened in a small 
wooden building of two rooms on the corner of Or- 
ange and Mayflower streets. Three-fourths of the 
children were Bohemians, who could harl dy speak a 
word of English. The teachers had considerable dif- 
ficulty at first, but it is said they eventually learned 
their Bohemians to speak English principally by 
turning them out to play with the English-speaking 
scholars — certainly a very pleasant method of instruc- 
tion. The population in that vicinity increased so 
rapidly that in 1854 a large three-story brick school- 
house, capable of seating five hundred pu])ils, was 
erected. In 18G0 it was enlarged to a capacity of a 
tiiousand. 

About the time the Brownell and Mayflower-street 
schools were set in operation, it was determined to 
have something better than a basement for the use of 
the high school. A lot was accordingly purchased on 
Euclid street, on which in 1851 a cheap wooden 
building was erected for temporary use. It was not 
vacated, however, until the spring of 1856, when the 
large three-story brick structure, sixty feet by ninety, 
occupied by the high school until the present year, 
was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies. 

It was at this period, too, (in 1853) that a superin- 
tendent was placed in charge of the schools. Hitherto 
the work of supervision had been carried on entirely 
by the board of managers, the members of which re- 
ceived no j)ay, and merely spared what time they 
could from the various kinds of active private business 
in which they were all engaged. George Willey, a 
prominent lawyer, and Charles Bradburn, an active 
merchant, both began service as managers in 1841, and 
both served with few intermissions, until 1859, usu- 
ally associated with but one or two others. Both 
gave a very large share of their time to the schools, 
and they bore a very great part in the work of 
strengthening and developing the public school sys- 
tem of Cleveland in its infant years. Harvey Kice, 



Esq., who was a member of the city council during 
much of the same period, was also a very active friend 
of the schools. 

But the time had come when the amount of super- 
vising work to be done made it absolutely essential 
that some one should be employed especially to do it. 

In May, 1853, R. €. Parsons, Esq,, introduced into 
the council an ordinance establishing the office of 
superintendent of instruction, which was passed on 
the 1st of June following. The board of managers 
was to fill the office, but the council was to fix the 
salary. Andrew Freese, principal of the high school 
since its establishment, was at once appointed to the 
newly- created position. The salary voted him by the 
council was three hundred dollars per year. It should 
be understood, however, that for awhile he gave only 
half his time to the work of supervision, and the 
other half to the high school, of which he still re- 
mained principal — receiving his old salary of $1,000 
per year. Afterwards, for a year, he gave five hours 
a day to his supervisory work; still retaining his posi- 
tion and salary in the high school. At length, how- 
ever, it was found necessary for him to concentrate 
his whole attention on the work of supervision, and 
with considerable difficulty the council was persuaded 
to allow him a salary of §!l,300 per year. Mr. Freese 
held the office eight years, giving to his duties the 
most enthusiastic energy and the most unwearying 
attention, and stamping his impress deeply upon that 
great institution, the public school system of Cleve- 
land, with which he was so long connected. 

The year after the superintendency was established, 
Ohio City was annexed to Cleveland. It then had 
two thousand four hundred and thirty-eight children 
considered to be of "school age," of whom about 
eiglit hundred were registered in the public schools 
and some two hundred were in church or private 
schools. The public schools consisted of one on Penn 
street with a hundred and ninety-five scholars; one at 
the ''old Universalist church," with a hundred and 
sixty-two; one at a small brick house on Vermont 
street, with fifty-four: one at the "Seminary build- 
ing,'" with a hundred and seven; and one at a small 
wooden school house on church street, with a hun- 
dred and eighty-two. The houses on Penn, Vermont 
and Church streets were owned by the city; the 
others were leased. 

The schools on the West Side were generally un- 
graded, though there was a central school in the 
"seminary building" for the higher classes. There 
were also in process of erection three three-story 
brick school liouses — one each on Pearl, Hicks and 
Kentucky streets — and these were completed at a 
cost of *T,000 each in the autumn of 1S54, and given 
over to the management of the authorities of the 
united city. All the schools above mentioned except 
the one on Plum street were then transferred to the 
new school-houses. 

At this time, too, the AVest Side Central School, 
which was merely a kind of advanced common school. 



314 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



was transferred to the upper story of the Kentucky 
street school house. Tlie people on the West Side 
were desirous that it should be brought to an equality 
with the East Side High School. As, however, the 
law under which the system of public instruction in 
Cleveland was organized provided that there should 
be but one central school, the council, with dubious 
legality, provided that there should be a brancli of 
it established on the west side of the river. Though 
called the "Branch High School." it was entirely 
indeijendent of its competitor on the other side: its 
principal being responsible directly to the superin- 
tendent of instruction and the board of managers — 
a lesson in deception and evasion of the law hardly 
counterbalanced by the increased convenience of 
having two high schools instead of one, or bv saving 
the trouble of having the law changed. 

The Hudson street (now the Sterling) school was 
opened in the spring of 1859, in a small wooden 
structure which soon became so crowded that a 
cheap, detached building was speedily erected, and 
this was subsequently supplemented by the addition 
of another room. All these were finally succeeded by 
a large, new brick school liouse, completed in 1868, 
and then reputed to be the finest in Ohio. 

In 1859 also, the old " board of managers'" was ex- 
changed fur a '"board of education," consisting of 
eleven members, elected by the people. The first one 
thus chosen consisted of Chas. Bradburn, Allyne 
Maynard, Chas. S. Reese, William H. Stanley, Xathan 
P. Payne, W. P. Eogg, Lester Hayes, J. A. Thome, 
F. B. Pratt, Daniel P. Rhodes and Geo. R. Taughan. 

We have thus brought down this condensed history 
of the public school system of Cleveland to the time 
when it had, to a great extent, assumed the form it 
has since retained. In 1859, there was a board of 
education elected by the people, controlling the 
schools on both sides of the river, a superintendent 
intrusted with the immediate management; an East 
high school and a West high school where the more ad- 
vanced branches, includingthe languages, were taught, 
and finally a number of graded common schools. 
under male principals and female assistants, which, 
by a pedantic imitation of the name of an altogether 
different thing, then began to be called "grammar 
schools."* Jloreover, music and drawing had both 
been introduced into the schools several years before, 
but were temporarily suspended at that period, on ac- 
count of the "hard times" induced by the financial 
crisis of 1857. 

Since that time the change has been one of devel- 



*Tlie appellation of "grammar school" was given to an institution 
in England and Xew England, above the grade of a primarj- school, in 
which grammar was the principal subject taught. As soon as a boy 
was at all advanced in his English grammar he was put into Latin gram - 
mar, and everything else was made subordinate to the study of lan- 
guage, or "grammar." It is natural that, in the regions mentioned, the 
old name should be retained, but it is provoking that the same name 
sh'.^uld have been plagianzed within the last twenty years and applied 
to a new institution, in which grammar is considered of less consequence 
than mathematics, and of scarcely more importance than each of sev- 
eral other studies. 



opment rather than of fundamental characteristics, 
though a few additions of considerable consequence 
liave been made to the system. 

During the war for the LTnion, (in which many of 
the graduates of the Cleveland schools engaged, and 
some gave up their lives) notwithstanding the heavy 
drain upon the resources of the people, the school 
.system was maintained at a high grade, and expanded 
rapidly in harmony with the constant growth of the 
city. 

In 1807 the village of East Cleveland was annexed 
to the city of Cleveland. The former had a school 
system of its own, with a high school, which it was 
agreed should be retained until half the councilmen 
from the annexed district should vote for its abolition. 
In accordance with this agreement three high schools 
were maintained in Cleveland for over eleven years. 
Eight years later Xewburg was annexed, and it too. 
liad a high school, which became a part of the Cleve- 
land system. 

Meanwhile the needs of the Central high school 
were rapidly outgrowing the accommodations of the 
building in which it had been domiciled. It was 
deemed best, instead of increasing its size or building 
a new one in the same locality, for the use of the same 
district, to erect one of ample size near the centre of 
the whole district east of the river. The consent of 
•■ half" the councilmen from the old territory of East 
Cleveland having been obtained, a resolution to that 
efEect was unanimously adopted by the council on the 
2d day of April, 1877. The work was completed in 
less than a year and a half, the new building being 
dedicated on tlio 3d day of December, 1878. 

The point selected was on the west side of Willson 
avenue (the old line between Cleveland and East 
Cleveland) near Cedar avenue, an open, healthful, 
central and most desirable location, although it would 
seem as if a larger amount of land should have been 
.secured, even if it was necessary to put up with a 
smaller amount of building. 

The general arrangement of the edifice was planned 
by Andrew J. Rickoff, superintendent of instruction, 
while the architectural design, selected from those of 
six competitors, was that of Captain Levi T. Scofield 
of Cleveland. The extreme length of the building 
is one hundred and sixty-two feet and the extreme 
width, including both wings, one hundred and thirty- 
eight feet eight inches. The hight from the ground 
to the cornice is seventy-two feet four inches, and to 
the top of the spire one hundred and sixty-eight feet. 

The stj'le of architecture is South German Gothic, 
of the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, while the 
material is principally of the various kinds of sand- 
stone found in Cuyahoga county and vicinity. There 
are twenty-five rooms in the building, of which four- 
teen are school rooms, each thirty-seven by thirty, 
and sixteen feet high, and one of the others is an as- 
sembly room, ninety-four feet by fifty-six, and about 
thirty-eight feet high. Great care was also jjaid to 
the subjects of ventilation and heating, and taken al- 



SCHOOLS AND LIBRAKIES. 



315 



together tlie building may be considered one of the 
model school houses of the United States. 

In the year 1868 "supervising principals" were 
appointed to take the immediate direction of the 
teachers in the "grammar" and primary schools. 
The city is now divided into two districts, under the 
charge of supervising principals; one comprising all 
east of Erie street, and of Brownell south of the south 
end of Erie, the other embracing all west of that line, 
on both sides of the river. This is the most impor- 
tant change which has been made since 18(30. The 
supervising principals do all that principals ordina- 
rily do except teach. They assign scholars to classes, 
direct the studies and maintain the discipline of the 
sciiools — acting on the reports on the teachers. By 
this means the board of education is enabled to em- 
ploy ladies as heads of the schools, whose time is em- 
ployed principally in teaching. A normal school, for 
the sole purpose of training teachers to take charge 
of the city schools, was established in 187-1. The 
system is now very complete as to organization, and 
tiie schools are well supplied with buildings: so that no 
important changes in regard to either are likely to 
1)6 made for many years to come. 

We close with a brief account of the schools as they 
niiw are. Of the lower grades there are thirty-eight, 
with a total registered attendance of twenty-one 
tiiousand seven hundred and twenty-one, according 
to the reports of the present year, as yet unpublished, 
for which we are indebted to the courtesy of J[r. 
Rickoff, the present superintendent. The number of 
scholars just mentioned is distributed as follows: Bol- 
ton school, 384: Brownell, 1,682; Case, 1,333; Char- 
ter Oak, 12.5; Clark, 251; Crawford, 38; Detroit, 
818; Dunham, 68; Eagle, 381; Euclid, 216: Fair- 
mount, 287; Garden, 227; Gordon, 217; Hicks, 833; 
Independence, 40; Kentucky, 934; Kinsman, 157; 
Lovejoy, 60; iladison, 153; Marion, 44; Mayflower, 
1303; Meyer, 69; North, 630: Orchard, 1482: Outh- 
waite, 1834; Quincy, 124; Ridge, 42; Rockwell, 1,160; 
St. Clair, 1,087; South, 161; Sterling, 1,508; Tre- 
mont, 1,196; Union Mills, 211; Wade, 973; Walnut, 
726; Warren, 772; Woodland, 75; York, 52. 

Besides there were sixty-five in the Normal school, 
seven hundred and forty-seven in the Central high 
school, and two hundred and eleven in the West high 
school, making a total in the higher grade schools of 
one thousand and twenty, and a grand total of twen- 
ty-two thousand seven hundred and forty-one. 

To give instruction to this great number of chil- 
dren, no less than three hundred and ninetj^-four 
teachers are employed; two in the Normal school; 
seventeen in tlie Central high school, nine in the 
West high school, and three hundred and sixty-six in 
the grammar and primary schools. It should be un- 
derstood that many of these are special teachers, (in 
drawing, music and penmanship) who do not give, 
_.and are not paid for giving, their whole time. 

The principal salaries paid are as follows: The su- 
perintendent receives %3,300 per year; the principal 



of the Central high school, $2,400; his first assistant, 
i|il,600; the principal of the West high school, 
§2,000; his first assistant, %1,500; supervising princi- 
pals, $2,000; principal in Gernaan, ^1,500; principal 
in music, S2,000: principal in drawing, §1,700; prin- 
cipal in penmanship, §1,500; principal of the normal 
school, «2,100; assistant in normal school, §1,000; 
principals of the grammar and primary schools, from 
*1,000 to S750; teachers of German, from §700 to 
§650; teachers in gramma; and primary schools, from 
§625 to §400, according to grade of service, experience 
and merit. 

Of all the te:ichers but thirty-five are males, while 
three hundred and fifty-nine are females. The pres- 
ent superintendent is Andrew. I. Rickoff; theprincipal 
of the Central high school is Z. P. Taylor; of the 
West high school, J. H. Sliults; of the normal school, 
Oliver Arey. The supervising principal of the first 
district is H. M. .Tames; that of the second district 
is L. W. Day. The superintendents of instruction 
since Mr. Freese, who closed his service in 1861, have 
been L. M. Oviatt, who served two years; Anson 
Smyth (ex-State commissioner of schools) who served 
four years, and the present superintendent, who has 
been at the head of the department twelve years. 
The Normal school was four years under the charge 
Alexander Forbes, and one year under that of Elroy 
M. Avery (previously, for many years at the head of 
the East high school). 

We have thus given an outline history (we could 
do no more) of one of the very foremost institutions of 
Cleveland; one which has contributed very much in- 
deed to its past welfare, and upon which it must de- 
pend for its future welfare to a still greater extent as 
the period of its extraordinary growth necessarily 
merges into one of more moderate and steady pros- 
perity, as the remarkable facilities for money mak- 
ing becomes somewliat less fruitful, and as the peo- 
ple naturally address themselves with more earnest 
ness toward the deeper problems and higher enjoy- 
ments of life. 

THE TRSfLIXE ACAKEJIY. 

This institution was organized by Bishop Rappe, 
in August, 1850. The first Ursuline Sisters, four in 
number, came from Boulogne sur mer, France. In 
the same year the property on Euclid avenue was pur- 
chased, at a cost of §12,000, since which time many 
changes and improvements have been made. The 
present Mother .Superior has had charge of the acad- 
emy since its foundation, with the exception of two 
intermissions of three years each. 

The institution was incorporated in August, 1854, 
and chartered as a college, with the power to grant 
diplomas and confer degrees. 

la June, 1874. the corporation purchased thirty- 
seven acres of land on the lake shore, in Euclid, upon 
which a spacious boarding-school and college is in 
course of erection. In the academy the Ursuline 
Sisters conduct a day-school. They also teach in sev- 



316 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



eral of the female schools attached to the different 
Catholic churches throughout the city. Of the 
Catholic schools for bovs and girls there are no less 
than sixteen, viz: Immaculate Conception parish 
school, St. John's parochial school, St. Augustine's 
school, St. Bridget's school, St. Columba's academj', 
St. Columbkill's school, St. Joseph's school. Church 
of the Holy Family school, St. Malaclii's school, St. 
Mary's school, St. Mary's of the Annunciation 
school, St. Patrick's school, St. Peter's school, St. 
Prokop's school, St. Stephen's school and St. Wen- 
ceslaus" school. Besides these there is St. Mary's 
theological seminary, a flourishing institution for the 
instructiou of candidates for the priesthood. 

THK BKOOKS SCHOOL. 

A stranger who should chance to be passing the 
Ontario Street Tabernacle on an exliibition night, 
and should be attracted by the ringing sound of mil- 
itary command and the sturdy tramp of time-keep- 
ing feet_. would perhaps be surprised, on entering the 
building, to find all this martial clamor emanating 
from a few score of school-boys, many of them mere 
children and none having arrived at man's estate. 
Yet, as he watched the accuracy of their movements 
with the rifle, observed the energy with which they 
wheeled their heavy cannon into position, and gazed 
admiringly on their muscle-straining exercise with the 
saber, he would be compelled to admit that, tliough 
not men, they gave ample promise of being competent 
to play well their part when the responsibilities of man- 
hood should rest upon them. 

Yet the Brooks School, at one of the exhibitions of 
which we have supposed the stranger to be present, is 
by no means a military institution, but a classical 
and English school, whereof martial training is only 
an adjunct. Its originator was the late Eev. Fred- 
erick Brooks, from whom it takes its name, but he 
did not live to carry his design into effect. His un- 
finished plans were taken up in 1874, and with such 
modifications and improvements as were deemed 
necessary, were carried out by Mr. John S. White, a 
graduate of Harvard University, and for three years 
a master iu the Boston Public Latin School. His 
success has been of the most pronounced character, 
not only in securing a numerous attendance, but in 
maintaining the best discipline and imparting the 
most thorough instruction. An officer of the L^nited 
States army is detailed to take charge of the military 
instruction of the students. 

OTHER PRIVATE SCHOOLS. 

There are several other excellent private schools in 
the city, including the Cleveland Female Seminary, a 
boarding and day school for young ladies, established 
in 1854, under the auspices of the Protestant Episco- 
pal Church; the Cleveland Academy, ou Huron street, 
a day school for young ladies, founded in 1861; Lo- 
gan Avenue Seminary, and several others. 



THE CLEVELAND LIBRARY ASSOCIATIOX. 

This beneficent society traces its ancestry along a 
line in which there are several long breaks, to the year 
1811, when an attemi)t was made to establish a small 
library" by an association of seventeen Clevelanders. 
The war of 1812, and the " hard rimes " which followed 
it, soon caused the overthrow of this well meant in- 
stitution. 

The next effort, of which there is any account, in 
the way of intellectual improvement, outside of the 
schools, was the Cleveland Forum, established about 
1824:, which flourished for several years, being de- 
voted principally to debates. This, too, finally dis- 
appeared. In 1833 a lyceum was formed, which gave 
its efforts entirely to debates until 183.5, when it estab- 
lished a reading room, which was sustained by the 
contributions of the citizens. In 1836 the Y'oung 
Men's Literary association was organized, which set 
itself to work in earnest to form a library. For a time 
it met with marked success, collecting more than a 
thousand volumes and enlisting much interest. But 
as in the case first named so in this one, the financial 
disasters of the period blighted its' energies, and 
although it struggled on until 1843, yet it was never 
able to get firmly rooted in the intellectual soil of the 
city. In the year last named it was dissolved, and 
the books were scattered among the members and 
others. 

Once more, in 184.i, a similar ett'ort was made liy 
the more enterprising and intellectual young men of 
Cleveland, who united under the former name of 
the Y''oung Men's Literary Association, and devoting 
themselves principally to the collection of a library. 
This time the attempt was successful, and amid the 
general prosperity the youthful institution gained a 
footing which has only grown firmer with advancing 
years. 

In 1848 it was legally incorporated, with two hun- 
dred shares of stock at §10 each, the name being 
changed to the Cleveland Library Association. It 
maintained a course of lectures for many years, but 
these were subordinate to the library, and their profits, 
often netting from ?1,000 to 82,000 per year, were 
faithfully applied to increase the number of books. 

After having for several years occupied a small room 
on Superior street, it was removed in 18.51 to the Her- 
ald hmlding; again, in 1856, toXo. 221 Superior street, 
and finally in 1862 to the "Case building.'' At this 
place it received a perpetual lease of the rooms it still 
occupies, from the heirs of Mr. William Case, who had 
been a warm friend of the institution, and who was 
understood to have designed those rooms for its use 
when planning the block. This relieved it from pay- 
ing rent, but its resources were still meagre, being 
derived principally from membership fees of three 
dollars per year and occasional small donations. 

la 1870 the charter of the association was changed 
so that, instead of being controlled by annually 
elected trustees, it was to be managed by live direc- 




^^, &.-/fi./^ 



THE CLEVELAND UAK. 



317 



tors for life. Those first choseu were Samuel Wil- 
liamson, James Barnett, H. M. Chapin, William 
Bingham and B. A. Stanard. Soon afterwards Mr. 
Leonard Case presented the institution with an en- 
dowment of S!"^.5,000, and in the summer of the Cen- 
tennial he astonished the trustees and the city by an 
extraordinary act of munificence — nothing less than 
the gift to the association of the Case block, in wliich 
the library was located, valued at three hundred thou- 
sand dollars, and actually producing an income of 
near twenty thousand dollars per year! 

This splendid gift lias of course placed the associa- 
tion out of danger of want, and has enabled the di- 
rectors to make large additions to their literary stores. 
The dues have been reduced to one dollar per year. 
The room occupied by the association has been filled 
to its utmost capacity, with over twelve thousand vol- 
umes, some of them very rare and valuable works. A 
competent force of librarians is employed, and is gen- 
erally kept busy in attending to the wants of the pub- 
lic. Besides those who loan books, numerous readers 
are constantly at the tables examining books and mag- 
azines. In short, there is little doubt that the asso- 
ciation has entered on a long career of prosperity and 
usefulness, which cannot but reflect the highest honor 
on its munificent friend. From the fact tiuit it is 
located in the Case building, and from the deep im- 
pression made by the gift just mentioned, the institu- 
tion is commonly called the Case library, though the 
real name remains as before — the Cleveland Library 
Association. 

THE PUBLIC LIBRARY. 

'I'iie Cleveland Public Library was originated in 
1853, but did not attain very high standing until 1867 
when the law authorized the board of education to 
consolidate the old school libraries and to impose a 
tax for the sujiport of a single public library. After 
being located in various rooms, and leasing perma- 
nent quarters for several years in the city hall build- 
ing, it has at length been established in a place ad- 
mirably suited to its needs. On the removal of the 
Central high school, in September, 1878, to the new 
structure of Willson avenue, the old high-school 
building on Euclid avenue, near Erie street, was 
refitted and a[)propriated for' the use of the public 
library, the board of education, and other officials of 
t he schools. The second and third stories are devoted 
to the use of the library. It contains twenty-six 
tiiousand volumes, mostly of a popular character, such 
as are desirable for circulation among the children of 
the schools and the citizens generally. About tiiree 
thousand valuable scientific and historical works, 
however, have been placed in a room by tiiemselves, 
from which they are not allowed to be taken, Ijeing 
used only for reference. It is intended to add five 
thousand volumes annually to the collection, but the 
expense of refitting and removing to the new quarters 
has prevented its being done during the present year. 
The library is free to all residents of the city, and 



strangers who desire to examine works in the build- 
ing are most courteously entreated. 

THE ILKVELAXD LAW LIBRARY. 

This institution was founded by the Cleveland Law 
Library Association in 1871, and is located in the 
court-house. Since its establishment a law has been 
passed devoting a part of the fines collected in the 
police court to its support, and making it free to all 
members of the bar. It is still, however, under the 
control of the association. It contains about four 
thousand volumes, many i)f tliem of great antiquity 
and value. 

THE KIRTLAND .SOCIETY OF XATLRAL SCIENCE. 

This institution was founded aud incorporated in 
the summer of 1869, under the leadership of Dr. 
Jared Potter Kirtland, from whom it was named. In 
1870 it became a department of the Cleveland Library 
Association. Its museum is in the third story of the 
Case building. Here may be seen finely mounted 
specimens of beasts, birds, fishes, reptiles and insects 
from all j)arts of the country, and some from foreign 
lands; nearly all donated by eminent citizens of 
Cleveland. Among these benefactors are William 
Case, R. K. Winslow, Jolin Fitzpatrick aud Dr. Kirt- 
land. Though it lacks the popular interest attaching 
to the library, yet the museum has many visitors, 
and cannot but exercise a beneficial influence. 



CHAPTER LXIV. 

THE CLEVELAND BAH 

Samuel Huntiugtou— Alfred Kelley— Reuben Wood— Samuel Cowles — 
Leonard Case— John W. Willey— A Remarkable Coincideuce— Four 
out of Five still Living — Hard Work — Samuel Starkweather and Sam- 
uel Williamson— The admissions of 18.35— Thomas Bolton, Hoses Kel- 
ly, Henry B. Payne and Hiram V. Willson— Outspoken Language- 
Franklin T. Backus— Rutus P. Spalding. 

As already mentioned, the bar of Cleveland began 
its existence with the hjcation at that point of Samuel 
Huntington, of Connecticut, in the spring of 1801. 
His jiractice, iiowever, was of infinitesimal quantity, 
and it is doubtful whether he had a single case in a 
court of record, not because the people were unwilling 
to trust him, but because there was no business to be 
ti'ansacted. Cleveland, east of the Cuyahoga, (the 
only portion then settled) being a part of Trumbull 
county, it was almost sixty miles in a straight line 
through the woods to the county seat at Warren, and 
much farther by any ])racticable route, and the people 
were far too poor to seek the more expensive kinds of 
legal redress under such difficulties. Mr. Hunting- 
ton may liave occasionally tried a case before a justice 
of the peace, but that was nearly or quite the sum of 
his practice. 

He plunged into politics, however, with such zeal 
as to occupy his time quite fully, and being, in the 
spring of 1803. appointed one of the judges of the 



318 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



supreme court of Ohio, he gave up whatever trifling 
practice he may have had, to devote himself to his 
judicial duties. He removed from the county before 
leaving the bench, which he did only to accept the 
office of governor from the peojjle, and consequently 
his practice in Cleveland, slight as it was, ceased in 
1803. 

After the removal of Judge Huntington, in 1807, 
the bar of Cleveland had not even a nominal existence 
for over three years, unless we make an exception in 
the case of Stanley Griswold, who, we believe, was a 
member of the profession, and who located at " Doan's 
Corners" in 1808. He remained, however, but two 
years, and had no practice worth mentioning. 

The first Clevelander who became a permanent 
practitioner was Alfred Kelley, who had the remark- 
able experience of being admitted to the bar and 
appointed prosecuting attorney on the day he became 
twenty-one years old, which was in November, 1810, 
a year and a half after Cleveland had been made the 
seat of justice of Cuyahoga county, and six months 
after that county had been duly organized by the 
election and appointment of the necessary officers of 
justice. 

Even Mr. Kelley's practice was not extensive. 
Competition is said to be the life of business, and 
certainly it must be not only lonesome but unprofita- 
ble for a lawyer to practice law alone. Mr. Kelley 
usually acted as prosecuting attorney in the few crim- 
inal cases which were tried in this county; his adroit- 
ness was frequently tested in suits before justices of 
the peace, and occasionally he contested civil actions 
in courts of record with counsel resident in other 
counties. 

Mr. Kelley was a man of unquestioned ability and 
great industry, and withal of good personal presence, 
whose broad forehead covered an ample brain; whose 
thin, firm lijjs, betokened an unbending will, and 
whose clear, blue eye reflected the workings of a can- 
did mind. Possessing the entire confidence of his 
fellow citizens, he was several times elected to repre- 
sent them in the legislature, and in 1822 was ap- 
pointed canal commissioner. After the construction 
of the canal was begun, in 1825, he devoted himself 
entirely to that work, and his subsequent career is 
narrated in the sketch of his life, which is published 
a little farther on. 

The second practitioner came in 1818, a remarkably 
tall and slender Vermouter, twenty-six years old, six 
feet three or four inches high, with a keen eye, a 
sharp face, fair professional knowledge, nnbounded 
energy and great skill in adapting himself to the 
exigencies of frontier law-jiractice. This was Reuben 
Wood, destined to marked prominence as an advocate, 
as a judge, and finally as governor of the State. With 
two lawyers in the place business began to grow brisk, 
and the active young man from the Green Mountains 
soon showed himself quite able to compete with his 
earlier rival, or with any one else he was likely to meet 
in this part of the country. Not, perhaps, so pro- 



foundly versed in old book-law as a barrister of the In- 
ner Temple might deem necessary, he had a first-rate 
practical knowledge of the law necessary to use before 
an Ohio jury, and had all his knowledge and all his 
faculties at perfect command during the trial of a 
case. In the increasing prosperity of the village and 
county he speedily made his way into a first-rate 
practice. His career as a public man is outlined in 
the sketch published in this work. 

Samuel Cowles, who came about 1819, was an 
entirely different type of man. Thoroughly read in 
the law, cautious, industrious and reliable, he lacked 
the dash of Mr. Wood, and failed to make as rapid 
headway either in public life or as a jury lawyer. He, 
however, did a large and lucrative busmess; being 
one of the safest of counselors, and being implicitly 
trusted by numerous eastern clients. " His word was 
as good as his bond," say those who knew him, and 
in the long run this perfect reliability of character 
produced its natural results in the acquisition of 
some of the best kind of business. 

Some people were a little disposed to sneer at him 
as "Father Cowles," but "Father Cowles" kept on 
the even tenor of his way and met with no small 
share of success. In 1837 he was appointed a judge 
of the court of common pleas, and died while liolding 
that office. 

Leonard Case, a man of somewhat similar type to 
Mr. Cowles, who came to Cleveland in 1816, did not 
attempt to practice law until several years later. In 
fact, he never did a general business; his legal 
knowledge being confined principally to the laws re- 
lating to land in the State of Ohio. On this subject 
he was unsurpassed and perhajDS unequaled, and, as 
he was one of the most upright of men, his counsel in 
regard to the law of real estate was considered of 
great value. As his projterty increased, however, he 
withdrew from the practice of law altogether, attend- 
ing only to his land business. His long and benefi- 
cent career is elsewhere mentioned in this work. 

John W. Willey, a native of New Hampshire, and 
a graduate of Dartmouth College, came to Cleveland 
in 1822, at the age of twenty-five, and speedily ac- 
quired a good practice. More feeble in body, his t3'pe 
of mind was something like that of his competitor, 
Mr. Wood — prompt, alert, vigorous, ingenious, fairly 
well versed in the-law, and extremely well versed in 
human nature. These were the qualities most con- 
ducive to rapid success, and Messrs. Wood and Wil- 
ley wei'e soon noted as good jury lawyers, and for a 
time almost monopolized that class of business. Mr. 
Willey was also an active politician, served several 
years in the legislature, and was finally appointed 
jjresident judge of this judicial circuit, and died m 
that office in 1841. 

The only person who is known to have joined the 
Cleveland bar between 1823 and 1826 was Woolsey 
Welles, a brother-in law of Alfred Kelley, who was 
admitted in 1823, but remained only two or three 
years. 



THE CLEVELAND BAR. 



319 



But after the canal was begun and the possibilities 
of Cleveland Ijegau to develop themselves, those who 
had j)reviously had control of the legal field were not 
long left to its unchallenged occupancy. And now 
we come to the most remarkalile coincidence we have 
met with during our labors as a local historian. In 
the \car 1826. fifty-three years ago, five young men, 
from twenty-one to twenty-six years old, residents of 
Cleveland, were admitted to the bar. These were 
Horace Foote, William McConnell, Harvey Rice, 
John W. Allen and Sherlock J. Andrews. Messrs. 
McConnell, Rice and Allen were admitted together 
by the circuit court in the summer: Mr. Foote was 
also admitted in the summer, though separately from 
the others. Mr. Andrews went to Columbus in De- 
cember and obtained admission. Of those five young 
lawyers, four are now living, and all are residents of 
Cleveland. Every one of those who made Cleveland 
his permanent home is still living in that city. 

Mr. McConnell. who was a native of Virginia, 
practiced only a year or two in Cleveland, then re- 
turned to Wheeling, in that State, and served awhile 
as a member of the Virginia legislature, but died 
there nearly forty years ago. Mr. Foote went to Xew 
England soon after being admitti^d, and remained 
there until 1836, wdien he returned to Cleveland, 
where he has ever since resided. 

That four out of live young men, thus thrown to- 
gether, should survive the vicissitudes of American 
life until all are nearly eighty years old is very re- 
nnirkable indeed: that in this changeful western 
world, and especially on the western side of the Al- 
leghanies. tliey sheuld all four, after so long a period, 
be residents of the same city in which, then a feeble 
village, they resided on their admission to profession- 
al life, is something little less than marvelous. More- 
over, all the four were natives of New England, and 
all have met with marked success in their respective 
careers. Two ( Jlessrs. Allen and Andrews) have been 
members of congress; Messrs. Andrews and Foote 
have been judges, and Mr. Rice was long known as a 
prominent citizen and a successful man of business. 
Certainly one must needs be tem]jted to doubt the 
prevalent opinion that American life conduces to 
break down the health and strengtii of the people. 
. Cleveland could now be said to have a bar instead 
of only two or three smart practitioners. Mr. Rice 
devoted himself more to other labors than to those of 
the legal profession, and Mr. Foote, as has been said, 
spent the next ten years at a distance; but Messrs. 
Allen and Andrews entered at once into the active 
business of their profession. It is more difficult to 
speak of the professional acquirements of these than 
of those who have passed away. Mr. Allen's altility 
and activity are shown by the fact that in ten vears 
fiom the time he was admitted to the bar, and while 
only tliirty-four years of age, he was elected to a seat 
in the national house of representatives. Judge An- 
drews" extraordinary powers of labor and endurance 
are amply evidenced by his continuance in the active 



duties of his profession for fifty-three years, and until 
the great age of seventy-eight. 

And it was no light labor, even physically, that the 
lawyers of fifty years ago had to perform. Only two 
or tliree sessions of the higher courts were held at 
Cleveland during the year. Others were held in sur- 
rounding counties, and the lawyers frequently had to 
travel with the courts from one county to another 
to attend to the business of their widely-scattered con- 
stituency. In stage-coaches which bounded with 
joint-racking severity over the stumps and roots of the 
forest roads: in sleighs, in which an ample sujiply of 
buffalo robes scarcely jn'otected the inmates from 
frosted ears and noses: often on horseback, making 
their way through mud of unconscionable depth, the 
disciples of Blackstone had no easy road to follow in 
their pursuit of fame and fortune. As Cleveland in- 
creased in population, business became more concen- 
centrated, and for the last- thirty years it has only 
been on extraordinary occasions that counsel have 
been required to go elsewhere to try their cases, and 
then the ready railway lias deprived the journey of all 
its ancient terrors. 

After the large crop of enduring young lawyers ad- 
mitted in 182C, there were no other admissions of 
Clevelanders to the bar until 1831, when there was 
one. There was at least one accession in the mean- 
time, however, that of Samuel Starkweather, who 
came in 182T. He was a native of Rhode Island, and 
a graduate of Brown LTniversity, in that State. A 
man of decided natural abilit_v, he gave himself as 
much to politics as to law; was collector of customs 
under Presidents Jackson and Van Buren: was elected 
mayor of the city in 1844, and was chosen a judge of 
the common pleas in 18.52, serving five _vears. In 
1832 occurred the first admission of one who had been 
bred from extreme youth at Cleveland. This was 
Samuel Williamson, wiio practiced successfully until 
1872, (except wiiile county auditor for eight years), 
and who was especially skillful in the management of 
complicated cases connected with real estate and with 
the property of deceased persons. 

In 1833 there were two admissions, one of those 
admitted being John C. Foote, son of Senator Foote, 
of Connecticut, whose resolutions — "Foote's Resolu- 
tions " — gave rise to the celebrated debate between 
Webster and Hayne. Philip Battell, one of the two 
admitted in 18:4, was a son-in-law of Senator Sey- 
mour, of Vermont, an inveterate reader, thoroughly 
informed on almost every suliject, but not so enam- 
ored of labor as to address himself seriously to tlie 
difficult task of making a place for himself among the 
hard-working, wide-awake members of the Cleveland 
bar. He [iracticed here but a short time, and then 
returned to Vermont. 

In 1835 the numlier of Clevelanders admitted rose 
to seven, the list being headed by the name of G. W. 
Lyiiile, wiio is still a resident of the city. Flavel W. 
Bingham, one of the others then admitted, became 
an active practitioner and a most worthy citizen, and 



330 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



was long a member of the city council. Setli T. 
Hurcl, also one of the admissions of that year, was a 
peculiar genius, who had many of the elements of a 
popular orator. He became, in fact, more famous as 
a stump-speaker than as a lawyer, and after a few 
years stay in Cleveland went to Washington, Pennsyl- 
vania, where he died. Another of the men of 1835 
was John Barr, a well read lawyer and a most excel- 
lent man, who was police judge of Cleveland several 
years, and who deserves especial mention in a work of 
this character on account of the intelligent interest 
which he took in the history of Northern Ohio, and 
the labor which he spent in collecting manuscripts 
bearing on that subject. H. L. Hosmer, likewise ad- 
mitted in that year, was a student of Hon. J. W. Allen. 
He soon went west, where he had an active career. 
He was a few years since chief justice of Montana 
Territory, and is now a resident of San Francisco, 
California. 

But the most distinguished of the graduates of that 
year was Thomas Bolton, a native of Cayuga county. 
New York, and a graduate of Harvard University, 
who had arrived at Cleveland the year before, and 
who very speedily took high rank both as a sound 
lawyer and a brilliant advocate. Such was his ability 
and popularity that in four years after his admission 
he was elected prosecuting attorney on the Democratic 
ticket, although the county usually gave a Whig ma- 
jority of fifteen hundred. A large full-faced man, 
with ample forehead, open countenance and frank de- 
meanor, his nature corresponded to his appearance, 
and his genial disposition attracted as much admira- 
tion as his legal ability. For many years the firm of 
Bolton and Kelly stood in the front rank of the legal 
talent of Cleveland. Becoming dissatisfied with the 
tendencies of the Democracy Mr. Bolton joined the 
then feeble band of free-soilers in 1848, and aided to 
organize the Republican party in 1855. By them he 
was elected judge of the common pleas in 1856, and 
re-elected in 1861; retiring finally from the bench and 
bar in 1866. 

Mr. Bolton's partner, Moses Kelly, a native of 
Livingston county, New York, who was admitted two 
years later, was also a graduate of Harvard, and was 
a man of extraordinary strength of character, whose 
stern Scotch-Irish features, surmounting a tall, spare 
form, were the reflex of the unbending soul beneath. 
Less facile in accommodating himself to circumstances 
than is usual with Americans, no one ever doubted 
his great ability or his unflinching principle. Elected 
to the legislature by the Whigs, he several times op- 
posed with all his might measures supported by his 
party, and in nearly every instance the justice and 
soundness of his course were demonstrated by subse- 
quent events so plainly that those who opposed him 
were compelled to admit the propriety of his action. 
While they were seeking a politic course he worked 
from principle, which is itself the highest policy. 

Another young firm formed at this period, which 
long stood in the very foremost rank of Cleveland 



lawyers, was that of Payne & Willson, composed of 
Henry B. Payne and Hiram V. Willson. These gen- 
tlemen, both natives of Madison county. New York, 
and both graduates of Hamilton College in that 
county, came to Cleveland in 1833, entered into part- 
nership, and for twelve years pursued a professional 
career of very remarkable success. For several years 
they brought two hundred and fifty cases in the court 
of common pleas annually, and defended nearly twice 
as many. Mr. Payne retired from the profession in 
1845, on account of ill health; a sketch of his life 
is given a few pages farther on. Mr. Willson re- 
mained in it until 1854, when he was appointed by 
President Pierce the first judge of the newly created 
Northern District of Ohio. Though a strong Demo- 
crat in politics, he was unflinchingly impartial upon 
the bench, and upon the outbreak of the rebellion he 
did not hesitate to take the most decisive stand in 
favor of the maiutainauce of the government. In a 
charge to the grand jury at that period he said : 

" Let the motives of the conspirators be what they 
may, this open, organized and armed resistance of the 
United States is treason, and those engaged in it 
justly merit the penalty denounced against traitors." 

In January, 1864, when excitement was running 
high in opposition to the draft, and many of his col- 
leagues were denying its constitutionality. Judge Will- 
son delivered a charge clearly showing its accordance 
with the Constitution, and the duty of all good citi- 
zens to obey the law. Judge Willson died in Novem- 
ber,. 1866, respected by men of both parties and of all 
conditions. 

Franklin T. Backus, a native of Berkshire county, 
Massachusetts, and a graduate of Yale college, was of 
a somewhat later period, having been born in 1813 
and admitted to the bar from the ofBce of Bolton & 
Kelly in 1839. He soon became a partner of Jesse 
P. Bishop, and the firm was maintained for fifteen 
years. Mr. Backus was a good lawyer and a most 
honorable man. His ability was recognized by the 
public, and he was twice nominated for judge of the 
the supreme court of the State; failing to be elected 
only because his party was defeated. Judge Bishop, 
his partner, is a native of Vermont but is a graduate 
of Western Reserve College at Hudson in this State, 
and was one of the very first graduates of that col- 
lege — we think the first — to be admitted to the Cleve- 
land bar. His success as a lawyer and jurist is well 
known. 

Any notice of the bar of Cleveland would be iu- 
comiDlete which did not mention the veteran, Rufus 
P. Spalding, who has reached the age of eighty-one 
years and is still one of the leading minds of the city. 
Born on the Island of Martha's Vineyard in the State 
of Massachusetts, he was graduated from Yale college 
in 1817 and, after admission to the bar, practiced for 
thirty years in Trumbull, Portage and Summit coun- 
ties in this State. After three years' service on the 
bench of the supreme court, he removed to Cleveland 
in 1852, and at once took a leading position at the 





^ 




THE ('levela:xd bar. 



321 



bar of that city. Elected to congress in 1862, lie en- 
tered that body at the age of sixty-five, and for six 
consecutive years performed the duties of a represen- 
tative with a faithfulness which many younger naen 
might well have emulated, and achieving a reputation 
which very few indeed of his colleagues surpassed. 
After passing the age of seventy he retired from pub- 
lie life but did not abandon his interest in public 
affairs, and even yet the voice of the octogenarian 
lawyer, judge and congressman is occasionally heard 
in favor of the policy he considered to be sound and 
the principles he believes to be right. 

We have now reached the point where we begin to 
meet the names of those who are still in the active 
practice of their profession. In fact, we have already 
casually mentioned one or two of the oldest of them, 
but have no intention of attempting to settle the rel- 
ative merits of the present members of such a very 
active and belligerent profession. AVe subjoin a list 
of those residents of Cleveland and the immediate 
vicinity wlio, according to the records of the court, 
have been admitted to tlie bar from 1810 to the pres- 
ent time. This does not include accessions from 
abroad, who formed a large part of the bar, especially 
in the early days, some of whom have been mentioned, 
some of whom are still residents here and some of 
whom have moved away or died, leaving but a faint 
trace liehiiid. 

RESIDENTS OF CLEVELAND .VXD Viri N ITY ADMITTED 
TO THE BAR. 

1810— Alfred Kelley. 

182:3— Woolsey Welles. 

1826— William McConnell, Horace Fonte. Harvey Rice, .lohu W. .\llen 
Sherlock J. Andrews. 

1S.31— Austin C. Penfield. 

l(t«— John .\. Fonte, E. H. Thompson. 

ISM— Philip Battel!, Lucius Royce. 

1S35— Gen. U'. Lynde, F. W. Bingham. Seth T. Hard, G. W. Cochran, 
Elijah Bingham, John Barr, Tliomas Bolton. H. L. Hosmer. 

ISiiJ— Simeon Ford. Lord Sterling. C. L. Russell, Orson St. ,Iohn. 

18.ST— Geo. W. Stanley, Moses Kelly, Finlay Strong. 

1839— Abram P, Smith. Samuel E. .\dains, Franklin T. Backus. 

1840— F. .1. Prentiss, C. T. Blakeslee. William Strong, Royal Stewart. 

1(MS-Alvah B. Haight. 

1843— John E. Cary. 

1814— Chas. L. Fish, Samuel L. .'^lather, A. G. Lawrence. Jas. .\. Cody. 

1845— Samuel W. Treat. James Wade. Jr.. Nicholas Bartlett, George B. 
Merwin. 

I84ti— William F. Glddings, David D. C. Porter, Samuel W. Holladay. 

1847— R. C. McUrath. 

181S— James Fitch. Amos Coe. R. B. Dennis. 

1849— Chas. W. Noble. Anthony >IcReynoIds, E. O. Clemens. 

1851— Jas. R. Skinner. Henry N. Johnson. B. R. Beavis, SamT Ross, 
Jas. O. Duffy. A. S. Russell. 

18.V2— Wm. R. Cameron. Maurice Deitze, Edward H, Thayer. 

1853— J. S. Stephenson. Jas. H. Paine. C. W. Palmer. AVm. A. Husband. 

1854— Merrill Barlow, P. A. Gollier, Wm. Collins, L. C. Thayer. Theo- 
dore R. Chase. Louis Ritter, B. H. Fisher, O'Connor B. Duncan. J. 51. 
Adams. E. C. Kinsman, H. P. Piatt, John AV. Beisley. 

185.T— P. H. Breslin, J. E. Ingersoll. 

18.5G— Jos. M. Poe. Frederick Hovey, Frederick T. Wallace, Wm J 
Boardman. X. S. Cozad, Lewis \\. Ford, Geo. S. C'lapp. J. H. Clapp. 

1857— Sara'l Starkweather, Jr., Chas. C. Baldwin, Chas, .Vrnold. 

1858— W. S. Stetson, Felix Nicola. Eli Bruce, Jas. S. Brown. 

1M59— Augustus Van Buren. Geo. S. Mygatt. Isaac Buckingham. Ira 
Bristol, M. .A. Woodward, Wm. H. Champion, H. D. Paul. Jos. F. Riddle. 

1860-Wm. W. Cushing. Jas. H. Hartness. Wm. N. Eyles, Wm. V. 
Tousley. G. S. Wheaton. J. H. Weld. H. S. Camp. D. K. Carter. Jas. R. 
Swigart, John Friend. John W. Steele. 

1S61— Frank H. Kelley. J. C. Hill, J. H. Hardy, J. D. Fisher, J. C. Hale, 
A. T. Briusmade, Geo. S. Benedict, Jas. J. Fowler, Horace Clark, Jas. 
A. Clapp, T. S. Gurney. W. H. Burridge. Jas. W. Smith. R. E. Mis. Sid- 

41 



ney G. Brock, AVni, \V. Hutchinson, Geo. A. Kolbe, H. S. Seamen, John 
G. Fay, Jr., E. C. Preston. 

1HC2-G. N. Tuttle. S. F. Geil, H. C. White, Wm. H. Taylor, Isaac E. 
Craig, B. F. Ludlow, Ivory Plaisted. A. G. Quintrell. 

1863— J. F. Herrick, Jas. M. Towner, M. G. Watterson, L. A. Russell, 
E. D. Stark. 

1864— Hosea Townsend. C. W. Noble. J. M. Henderson, J. T. Green, D. 
L. Calkins. 

1865— Liberty Ware. Albert Allyn. 

186U-Wm. H. Gaylord, P. W. Payne. S. E. Williamson, Sam'l M. Eddy. 

1867— Isidore Roskoph, Geo. H. Foster, Chas. M. Vorce, Gustav 
Schmidt, W. W. Pancrost. 

1868— A. R. Jlills. C. L. Richmond, C. M. Stone. F. M. Keith, Jr., Wm. 
G. Rose. 

1869— A. T. Brewer, Arnold Green. G. W. Van Renssalaer, Lucien N. 
Gilbert. Geo. T. Chapman. 

1870. Frank A. Judd, A. Y. Eaton. R. L. Holden J. H Webster. Au- 
gustus Zehring. H. W. Payne. 

1871. L. A. Willson. Jos. W. Sykora, Wm. Clark, F. H. Blerman. 
John T. Weh A. L. Renaoehl, Dan'l Stephan, Geo. A. Groot, E. W. God- 
dard Wm. A. Wilcox, H. W. Canfield. Sylvester Gardner, Waldemer 
Otis.-W. K. Smith. 

1872. N. JI. Flick, Geo. A. Galloway. Marcus E. Cozad, U. H. Birney, 
S. M. Stone. O. J. Campbell. J. P. Dowley, John A. Smith F. C. Fadner, 
Delos Cook, John W. McGuier. Chas. R. Withicomb. John P. Green, 
James Quale, Thos. Ewing Geo. F. Peck. 

187.3. Wm. H. Sprague, Geo. Schindler. C. C. Lowe, O. C. Pinney- 
Geo. D. Hinsdale, F. A. Brand. Wm. E. Sherwood, Wm. E. Adams, 
John C. Coffey. 

1874. L. M. Schwan, F. A. Beecher. Wm. McRaynoIds, E. M. Wilson, 
Frank P. Sykora Milo W. Brand. Frank H. Spencer. E. J. Foster. Jas. 
B. Eraser O. 6. Getzendanner, S. .\. Schwab, Frank Strauss. 

1875. C. W. Coates J. W. Ball F. B. Avery, M. M. Hobart, Wm. B. 
Sanders, Robt. T. Morrow. E J. Blandin, Alex. Hadden. F. R. Mer- 
chant, H L. Robinson. Geo. Solders, E. B. Blickensderter. 

1876— John R. Ranney, L. J. P. Bishop, E. J. Latimer. George C. Dodge, 
Jr., A. C. Hord. Thomas H. Graham, E. K. Wilcox, H. P. Bates. Wm. H. 
Hawkins, Joseph T. Logue. F. W. Cadwell, J. B. Buxton, L. B. Eager, 
Wm. M. Lottridge, T. D. Peck, J. H. Schneider, Jolm E. Ensign, Gus- 
tave Young. 

1877— John J. Morgan, Jr., James M. Nowak, Charles W. Guernsey, R. 
R. Holden, Myron T, Herrick. D. A. JIatthews, A. R. Odell, Thos. Evans, 
Guy W. Kinney, Wm. H. DeWitt. James H. Hoyt. Chas. M. Copp, Wm. 
H. Osborne, P. L. Kessler. Martin Dodge. Jacob Schroeder, Peter Zuck 
er, John T. Beggs, Thomas Robinson. 

1878— Clark M. Watson, J. F. Wilcoxon, Sam'l Osterhold, C. L. Holtze, 
Richard Bacon, O. B. Benton, G. A. Brunck, Archibald McKee, F. N. 
Wilcox. H. C. Ford. Joseph C. Poe, Seth S. Wheeler, P. W. Ward, W. F. 
Rudy, Frederick Weizman, Wm. E. Cushing, Thos. L. Johnson, James 
P. Wilson. William H. Rose, R. D. Mix, O. L. Sadler. Samuel S. Marsh. 
Thos. B. McKearney. 

1879- A. J. Santord, G. A Laubsclier, B C. Stark. 



CHAPTER LXV, 

CLEVELAND CIVIL LIST, 

Trustees of Cleveland Town.ship, arranged by Years of Election— Town- 
ship Clerks— Township Treasurers- Justicesof the Peace— Oflflcers of 
Cleveland Village, arranged together, by Years of Election— Officers 
of Ohio City, arranged together, by Years of Election— OfUcers of 
the City of Cleveland, arranged together, by Years of Election. 

TOWNSHIP TRUSTEES— H'l'^fc years of Election. 

1802, Amos Spaftord, Timothy Doan, William W. Williams: 1803, Amos 
SpalTord, T. Doan. James Kingsbury; 1804. T. Doan, J. Kingsbury, Lo- 
renzo Carter; 1805. .V. Spafford. David Dille, .\ugustus Gilbert: 1806, A. 
Spafford. T Doan. L. Carter; 1807. A. Spafford, T. Doan, J. Kingsbury; 
1808, A. Spafford, T. Doan. A. Gilbert; 1809, A. Spafford, T. Doan, Theo- 
dore Miles; 1810, A. Gilbert, L. Carter, James Hamilton. 

1811, A. Gilbert, L. Carter. Nathaniel Doan; 1812. A. Gilbert. Philemon 
Baldwin. Harvey Murray; 1813. A. Gilbert, P. Baldwin, J. Kingsbury; 
1814. Rudolphus Edwards, Theodore Miles, Daniel Warren; 1815, Samuel 
Williamson. Ozias Brainard, N. Doan; 1816, S. Williamson. George 
Aiken, Horace Perry ; 1817, Asa Brainard, Job Doan, Isaac Hinckley, (re- 
signed and S. Williamson elected in his place); 1818, Daniel Kelley, S. 
WiMiamson, O. Brainard Jr.; 1819, D. Kelley, S. Williamson, Phineas 
Shepherd: 1820, Samuel Williamson, Daniel Kelley. Seth C. Baldwin. 

1881. Horace Perry. Ahimaaz Shenvin, Eleazer Waterman; 1822, Hor- 
ace Perr>', Eleazer Waterman, Ahimaaz Sherwin; 1823, A. Sherwin, Jiji, 
Eleazer '^Vaterman, S. Williamson: 1824, .\. Shenvin, Jr., James Strong, 
Leonard Cage, (resigned and Andrew Logan elected in his place): 1825> 
Moses Jewett. Wildman White, E. Waterman; 1826. M. Jewett, W. White, 



322 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



J. Doan; 188", J. Doan, Peter M. Weddell, Henry L. Noble; 1888, J. Doan. 
H. L. Noble, Philo Seovill; 1839, D. H. Beardsley, Job Doan, H. L. Noble; 
1830. W. White, Andrew Cozad, J. Strong. 

1K31. A. Cozad, P. M. Weddell, A. Sherwin, Sr.: 18.32, unknown; 188-3, 
Robert Gather, P. Seovill, Rufus Dunham; 18.34, P. .Seovill, Charles L. 
Camp, Ansel Young; I83.i, A. Young. Gurdon Fitch, Sylvester Pease; 
1831), Gurdon Fitch, A. Young, John Barr; 1837. Silas Belden, H. H. 
Dodge, Elias Cozad ; 18.38. H. H. Dodge, John A . Vincent, T . H. Watkins ; 
1839, H. H. Dodge, T. H. Watkins, Timothy Ingraham; 1840, R. Gather, 
P. Seovill, Benjamin Crawford. 

1841. J. A. Vincent, B. Crawford, Abijah Wheeler; 1843, J. A. Vincent, 
A. Wheeler, E. Cozad; 184:S, J. A. Vincent, E. Cozad, George Witherell; 

1844, Benjamin Rouse, Horatio Ranuey. R. T. L.von; 1845, H. Ranney, 
M. M. Spangler. Benjamin C. Walters; 1.840, H. Ranne.i', B. C. Walters, 
M. M. Spangler; 1847. G. Witherell, Alexander S. Cramer, Benjamin S. 
Decker; 1848, H. Ranney, John Pritchard, John M. Bailey; I84tl, B. L. 
Spangler, H. Ranney, William T. Goodwin. In 1.850 the aldermen of 
the cit.v of Cleveland were made e.r officio trustees of the township. 

TOWNSHIP CLERKS— ir/Hi Tears of Election. 

1803. Nathaniel Doan, re-elected annually until and including 1808; 
1809, Stanley Griswold. (Mr. Griswold was elected township clerk im- 
mediately after serving a session in the United States Senate.) 1810, 
Erastus Miles, re-elected annually until and including 1814: 1815, Asa- 
hel W. Walworth, re-elected in 1811; and 1817; 1818, Horace Perry, re- 
elected in 1819 and 1830; 1831, Daniel Kelley, re-elected in 1833 and 1R23; 

1834, John Riddall; 1835, Daniel Kelley, re-elected in 1830; 1837, Herschel 
Foote, re-elected in 1838 and 1839; 18:10, S. J. Hamlin; 1831, Dudley Bald- 
win, re-elected in 1&33; 1833. Edward Baldwin; 1834, Dudley Baldwin; 

1835, Edward Baldwin; 1836, George C. Dodge, re-elected in 1837; 1S.38, 
Henry Sexton, re-elected in 1839; 1840, F. T. Backus; 1841, Jesse P 
Bishop; 1813, Ellery G. William.s, re-elected in 1843; 1844, E. S. Flint; 

1845, Loren Prentiss; 1840, Charles L. Fish; 1847, George W. Lynch; 1818 
D. W. Cross, re-elected in 1849. In 1850, the city clerk became ex-officio 
township clerk. 

TOWNSHIP TREASURERS- inWi Years of Election. 

1804, Timothy Doan; 1805, James Kingsbury; 1806, Lorenzo Carter; 
1807, Nathaniel Doan; 1808, N. Doan. 1809, Stanley Griswold; 1810 
James Kingsbury; 1811, George Wallace, re elected in 1813 and 1813; 
1814, Horace Perry, re-elected in 1815 and 1816; 1817, David Long, re- 
elected in 1818, 1819 and 1820; 1821, Ashbel W. W*Rvorth, re-elected 
in 1822; 1823, Iradt Kelley: 1834, Timothy Watkins; 1835, Herschel 
Foote, re-elected in 1830; 1827. Daniel Kelley. re-elected in 1.S3S; 1839, 
Peter M. Weddell ; 1830, Ahimaaz Sherwin, Jr., re-elected in 1831, 
18.33 and 183:1; 1834, P. M. Weddell; 1835, Daniel Worley, re-elected iii 
18:i6 and 1837; 18.38, Nicholas Dockstader, re-elected in 1839; 1840, James 
H. Kelley, re-elected in 1841 and 1842; 1843, George B. Tibbets; 1844, 
Henry G. Abbey (resigned and succeeded by William T. Goodwin); 1845, 
W. T. Goodwin, re-elected in 1840, 1847 and 1848; 1849. George F. Mar- 
shall, re-elected in 1850; 1851, D. W. Cross; 1852, S. S. Lyon, The city 
treasurer then became ex-officio township treasurer. 



JUSTICES OF THE PEACE— Elected for Three I'ec 
Election. 



ith Yt 



of 



180:3, AmosSpaflord, Timothy Doan; 1806, A. Spaftord, Nathaniel Doan, 
Theodore Miles; 1809, Samuel S. Baldwin, A. Spafford, William Coleman'; 
1810, James Kingsburv, Erastus Miles; 1811, George Wallace ; 1814; Hor- 
ace Perry; 1815, Samuel Williamson, Cyril Aiken; 1817, Horace Perry; 
1818, S. Williamson, C. Aiken; 1830, Job Doan, Samuel Cowles. 

1831, Eleazer Waterman: 182:3, J. Doan, Ashbel W. Walworth; 1884, E, 
Waterman; 1830, J. Doan, A. \V. Walworth; 1827, E. Waterman; 1889, J. 
Doan, Harvey Rice: 1830, Gordon Fitch; 18:31, Orville B. Skinner; 1832, 
J. Doan; 183.3, Varnum J. Card; 1834, Andrew Cozad; 1835, George Hoad- 
ley; 18.36. G. Fitch; 1837, Samuel Underbill; 18.38, A. D. Smith, G. Hoad- 
ley; 18:39, Isaac F. Benedict; 1840, John Day, John Gardner. 

1841, G. Hoadley, J. Barr; 1842, I. F. Benedict; 1843, Isaac Sherman, 
Edward Hessenmueller, Melancthon Barnett: 1844, G. Hoadley, J. Barr; 
1840 Chas. L. Fish, M. Barnett, E. Hessenmueller; 1847, J. Barr, James 
D. Cleveland; 1849, E. Hessenmueller. George B. Tibbits, George W. 
Lynde; 1850, J. D. Cleveland, J. Barr; 1853, Erastus Smith, E. Hessen- 
mueller, G. B. Tibbits; 1853, J. T. Philpot, .Alinon Burgess; 1855, E. Hes- 
senmueller, G. B. Tibbits, H. H. Holden; 1850, Isaac C. Vail, George H. 
Benbam, Henry Chapman; 18.58, John R. Fitzgerald, Madison Jliller, E. 
Hessenmueller, G. B. Tibbits, Wells Porter; 1859, G. H. Benham, Sam- 
uel Foljambe. 

1801, Julius H. Brown, Joseph S. Allen. G. B. Tibbits, E, Hessenmuel- 
ler, W. Porter; 1803, G. H. Benham, J. R. Fitzgerald ; 186:3, Daniel Stephan, 
Frederick A. Brand; 1864, George Hester, George A. Kolbe, W. Por- 
ter; 1805, G. H, Benham; 1806, F. A. Brand, D. Stephan; 1867, Horace N. 
Bill, G. Hester, G. A. Kolbe, W. Porter; 1808, George Arnold; 1869, F. A. 
Brand, D. Stephan; 1870, Edgar Sowers, Homer Strong, David L. Wood, 
G. A. Kolbe, Perry W. Payne; 1873, George T. Smith, D. Stephan; 1873, 
John P. Green, H. P. Bates, E. W. Goddard, H. Strong, G. A. Kolbe; 1874, 
Charles H. Babcock; 1875, Frederick Buehne; 1876, E. W. Goddard, Al- 



bert H. Weed, B'elix Nicola, A. J. Hamilton. J. P. Green, Truman D. 
Peck, W. K. Smith, H. P. Bates; 1877, Charles H. Babcock. 

OFFICERS OF CLEVELAND Vlhl.A.GE— Arranged According to Years 
of Election. 

1815, President, Alfred Kelley i resigned in March, 1816, and his father, 
Daniel Kelley, appointed); trustees, David Long, Samuel AVilliamson, 
Nathan Perry ; recorder, Horace Perry ; treasurer, Alonzo Carter ; mar- 
shal, John A. Ackley. 

1810. President, D. Kelley; trustees, D. Long, S. Williamson, G. Wal- 
lace; recorder, H. Perry; treasurer, Ashbel W. Walworth; marshal, 
Irad Kelley. 

1817. The same. 

1818. The same. 

1819. President, D. Kelley; trustees, D. Long, S. Williamson, William 
Bliss ; recorder, H. Perry ; treasurer, A. W. Walworth ; marshal, Eleazer 
Waterman. 

1820. President, Horace Perry; (also later, Reuben Wood); trustees, 
Wildman White. Silas Walworth, Irad Kelley; recorder, Samuel Cowles; 
(succeeded in August of same year by Reuben Wood); treasurer, A. 
W. Walworth; marshal, John Burtis; followed by Harvey Wellman. 

1821. President, Leonard Case; trustees, H. Perry, Asahel .^bell, Philo 
Seovill; recorder. E. Waterman; treasurer, A. W, Walworth; marshal, 
Harvey Wellman. 

1823. The same. 

1833. President. L, Case; trustees, A. Abell, S. Williimson, Ziba Wil- 
lis; recorder, E. Waterman; treasurer, A. W. Walworth; marshal H. 
Wellman. 

1834. President. E. Waterman; trustees, A. Abell, S. Williamson, H. 
Perry; recorder, E. Waterman; treasurer, A. ^^■. Walworth; marshal. 
H, Wellman. 

1885. Records incomplete. Trustees, A. Abell, S. Williamson, H. Perry; 
recorder.'E. Waterman; treasurer, A. W. Walworth. 

1826. Records incomplete. Trustees, A. Abell, S. Williamson, H. 
Perry; recorder, E. Waterman; treasurer, A. W. Walworth. 

1887. President, H. Perry; trustees, A. Abell, S. Williamson, H. Perry; 
recorder, E. Waterman (resigned and Orison Cathan appointed in his 
placei; treasurer, A. W. Walworth. 

1888. President, Samuel Cowles; trustees. James S. Clark, D. Long, 
P. Seovill; recorder, D. H. Beardsley; treasurer, A. W. Walworth; mar- 
shal, Silas Belden. 

1829. President, D. Long; trustees, Peter M. Weddell, Ahimaaz Sher 
win, Jr., John W. Allen; recorder, D. H. Beardsley; treasurer, .\. W. 
Walworth; marshal, S. Belden. 

18.30-:31. President, Richard Hilliard; "trustees, Thomas P. May, Ed- 
mond Clark, Newton E. Crittenden; recorder, James L. Conger; treas- 
urer, Daniel Worley; marshal, S. Belden. 

1831. President, R. Hilliard; trustees, T. P. May, E. Clark, N. E. Crit- 
tenden; recorder, James L. Conger; treasurer, Daniel Worley; marshal, 
S. Belden; prosecuting attorney, James L. Conger; office abolished after 
one year. 

1888. President, J. W. Allen; trustees, T. P. May, D. Long, S. Pease; 
recorder, O. B. Skinner: treasurer, D. Worley; marshal. S. Belden. 

1,833. President, J. W. Allen: trustees, T. P. 31ay, Nicholas Dock- 
stader, D. Long: recorder, O. B. Skinner; treasurer, D. Worley; mar- 
shal, Richard Bailey. 

1834. President, J. W. Allen; trustees, Charles JI. Giddings, E. Clark, 
Elisha T. Sterling (resigned and John G. McCurdy appointed in his 
stead); recorder, O. B. Skinner (committed suicide, and John A. Foot, 
appointed in his place); treasurer, Daniel Worley; marshal, William 
Marshall (died and John Wills appointed in place) ; surveyor and street 
commissioner. Aliaz Merchant. 

18.35-:30. President, J. W. Alien (resigned and Samuel Starkweather, 
appointed in his place); trustees, N. E. Crittenden, Samuel Cook, Wil- 
liam Lemen; recorder, Edward Baldwin; treasurer, N. Dockstader; 
marshal, Ehjah Peet ; surveyor and street commissioner, Ahaz Merchant. 

OFFICERS OF OHIO CITY— Arranged bij Years of Election. 

1836. Mayor, Josiah Barber; president of council, Riohaid Lord; 
couneilmen, Horatio N. Ward, William Burton, Richard Lord, E. Conk- 
lin, Francis A. Burrows, C. E. Hill, Luke Risley. EdgarSlaght, E. Folsom, 
Cyrus Williams. Norman C. Baldwin, B. F. Tyler; recorder, Thomas 
Whelpley, (succeeded by C. L. Russell); treasurer, Asa Foot; marshal, 
George L. Chapman. 

1837. Mayor, Francis A. Burrows; president of council, N. C. Bald- 
win; couneilmen, William Burton, E. Conklin, H. N. Ward, L. Risley, 
C.E.Hill, N. C. Baldwin, C. Williams. E. Folsom, J. Barber, S. W. 
Sayles, Daniel Barstow, Edward Uronson; recorder, C. L. Russell, (suc- 
ceeded by Horace Foote); treasurer, Daniel C. Van Tine; marshal, G. 
L. Chapman. 

1838. Mayor, N. C. Baldwin; president of council, E. Bronson; coun- 
eilmen, H. N. Ward, C. E. Hill, C. Williams, Charles Winslow, Needham 
M. Standart, William H. Hill, George C. Huntington, D. Barstow, E. 
Bronson, J. Barber, W. Burton, S. W. Sayles; recorder, H. Foote; 
treasurer, D. C. Van Tine ; marshal, G. L. Chapman. 




Q/' 



.^-2- 



i« 



II 



CLEVEJ.AND CIVIL LIST. 



323 



1839. Mayor, N. C. Baldwin; president of council, C. C. Waller; 
councilmen, C. L. R'lssell, C. C. Waller, F. A, Burrows, Samuel H. Fox. 
H. A. Hurlburt, Daniel Santord, S. M. Standart, H. S. Ward, C. E. Hill, 
W. H. Hill. C. Williams. C. Winslow; recorder, Horace Foote; treasurer, 
I). C. Van Tine: marshal, Oeorge L. Chapman. 

1840. Mayor. Needham M. Standart; president of the council. C. C. 
Waller; councilmeu, C. L. Russell, C. C. Wallei-, F. A. Burrows, S. H. 
Fox. H. A. Hurlburt, D. Sanford. S. W. Sayles. Homer Strong. Andrew- 
White, Benjamin Sheldon, B. F. Tyler, D. H. Lamb; recorder, J. F. Tain- 
tor; treasurer. D. C. Van Tine; marshal. G. L. Chapman. 

1841. Mayor, K. M. Standart: president of council, Richard Lord; 
councilmen, S. W. Sayles. B. Sheldon, H. Strong, B. F. Tyler, A. White, 
C. L. Russell. D. H. Lamb. R. Lord, Albert Powell. Ephraim Wilson, 
Julius A. Sayles. C. A. Russell; recorder, C. E. Hill; treasurer. S. H. Fox, 
niai'shal, H. Strong. 

184i Mayor. F. X. Burrows: president of council. R. Lord; council- 
men, E. Wilson. C. A. Russell. J. A. Sayles, R. Lord. D. C. Van Tine, A. 
Powell. D. Grifflth, H. G. Townsend, G. L. Chapman. Morris Hepburn, S. 
W. Sayles, B. Sheldon: recorder, C. E. Hill; treasurer, H. N. Ward; 
marshal, H. Strong. 

1843. Mayor. R. Lord; president of council, S. W. Sayles; councilmen, 
A. Powell. Peter Barker. Thomas Armstrong. L. L, Dairis, J. A. Sayles, 
.Seth W. Johnson, r. h. Russell. David Grifflth. S. VV. Sayles, G. L. Chap- 
man, B, Sheldon. M. Hepburn: recorder. C. E. Hill; treasurer, H. N. 
Ward; marshal, H. Strong; street supervisor, George Osmun. 

1844. Mayor. D. H. Lamb: president of council, R. Lord; council, 
men, E. T. Sterling, E. R. Benton, R. Lord, E. Hunt, B. Sheldon, G. W. 
Jones, A. Powell, J. A.. Sayles, L. L. Davis, S. W. Johnson, P. Barker, C- 
L. Russell; recorder, S. W. Sayles; treasurer, C. E. Hill; marshal, H. 
Strong; street supervisor, G. Osmun. 

184.). Mayor. D. H. Lamb; president of council. R. Lord; councilmen, 
Joseph B. Palmer, Ambrose Anthony, L. L. Davis, D. Sanford, J. A. 
Sayles. A Powell. E. R. Benton, R. Lord, E. T. Sterling, B. Sheldon, G. 
W, Jones, E. Hunt; recorder, S. W. Sayles; treasurer, C. Winslow; mar- 
shal, Edgar Slaght; street supervisor, George Osmun. 

1846. Mayor, D. H. Lamb; president of council, B. Sheldon; council- 
men. G. L. Chapman, B. Sheldon, S. W. Turner. G. Folsom. S. W. John- 
son, John Beverlin, J. B. Palmer, -A. Anthony, D. Sanford, L. L. Davis, 
A. Powell, J. A. Sayles: recorder, S. W. Sayles; treasurer, C. Winslow; 
marshal, G. Osmun; street supervisor. William H. Newton. 

184T. Mayor. David Grifflth; president of council, B. Sheldon; coun- 
cilmen. C. L. Russell, L, L. Davis, R. L. Russell, H. Strong, Philo 
Moses, Irvine U. Masters. B. Sheldon, G. L. Chapman, S. VV. Turner, G. 
Folsom, S. W. Johnson. J. Beverlin; recorder, C. E. Hill; treasurer. S. 
J. Lewis; mai'shal, X. D. White; street supervisor, William Hartness. 

1848. Mayor, John BeverUn; president of council, H. Strong; coun- 
cilmen, Thomas Lindsay, William S. Levake, James Kirby, F. B. 
Pratt. D. S. Degroate, H. X. Bissett. C. L Russell, L. L. Davis, H. Strong, 
I. U. Masters, P. Moses, R. L, Russell; recorder, C. E. Hill; treasurer, 
C. Winslow: marshal, Lyman Whitney; street supervisor, W. H. New- 
ton. 

isin Mayor, Thomas Burnham; president ot council, R. B. Piatt; 
councilmen, E. Slaght. E. M. Peck, Uriah Taylor, Martin Smith, A. W. 
Merrick. J. l;eanson, James Kirby, F. B, Pratt. H. N. Bissett, S. C. 
Degroate, Thomas Lindsay, Mark Harrison; recorder, J. A. Kedington; 
treasurer, C. Winslow; marshal. A. P. Turner: sti-eet supervisor, W. H. 
Newton. 

1851). Mayor, Thomas Buinham: president ot council. F. B. Pratt; 
councilmen. C. L. Russell. E. C. Blish. John Kirkpatrick. M. L. Hooker, 

F. B. Pratt, Thomas Lindsay. Uriah Taylor, A. W. Merrick. E. Slaght. 
M. Smith. E. M. Peck. J. Beanson; recorder, J. A, ReJington; treasurer, 

G. Folsom; marshal, G. Osmun; street supervisor, W. H. Newton, 
1851. Mayor, Benjamin Sheldon; president of council, C. L. Russell; 

councilmen, William B. Guyles, D. P. Rhodes, A. Anthou.v, W. H New- 
ton, T. Burnham, D. Sanford, F. B. Pratt. E. C. Blish, M L. Hooker, T. 
Lindsay, C. L Russell, John Kirkpatrick; recorder, C. E. Hill: treasurer, 
G. Folsom; marshal, E. H. Lewis; street supervisor, G. Osmun. 

185J. Mayor, Benjamin Sheldon; president of council, C. Winslow; 
E C. Blish; councilmen. H. Strong, D. C. Maylor, C. Winslow, E. C. 
Blish. J. Kirby, M. Crapser. D. Sanford, D P. Rhodes, W. H. Newton, T. 
Burnham. W. B. Guyles, A. Anthony; recorder. C. E. Hill; treasurer. 
Sanford J. Lewis; marshal, Nathan K. McDole: street supervisor, A. C. 
BearJsley . 

isj:). Mayor. William B. Castle: president of council, A. Powell; trus- 
tees, D. C. Taylor, Wells Porter, Daniel O. Hoyt, Plimmon C. Bennett, 
A. Powell. Charles L. Rhodes (resigned and A. C. Messenger appointed 
in his place); recorder, C. E. Hill; treasurer. S. J. Lewis; marshal, N. K. 
JIcDole; street supervisor, N. K. McDole. 

IS51. Mayor. W. U. Castle; president of council, A. Powell; trustees, 
W. Porter, P. C. Bennett, Charles W. Palmer. A. 0. Messenger, A. Pow- 
ell, I. U. Masters, Frederick Silberg. Edward Russell; recorder, C. E. 
Hill; treasurer, S. J. Lewis: marshal. N. K. McDole: street superiisor. 
D Griffith. 



OFFICERS OF THE CITY OF CLEVELAND-^craiiged According to 
Years of Service. * 

183r.. .Mayor, .lohn W. Willey; pre.sident of counril, Sherlock J. An- 
drews; Aldermen. Richard HilUard. Joshua Mills. Nicholas Dookstader; 
councilmen— 1st Ward, Morris Hempburn, John R. St. John, William 
V. Craw— and Ward. J. Andrews. Henry L. Noble. Edward Baldwin— 
3rd Ward, Aaron T. Stickland. Horace Canfleld, .Archibald M. C. Smith; 
attorney, H. B. Payne; treasurer. Daniel VVorley; civil engineer, John 
Shier: clerk, Henry B. Payne, (succeeded by George B. Jlerwiuj: street 
commissioner, Benjamin Rouse; marslial, George Kirk; chief of fire 
department, Samuel Cook. 

18:i7. Mayor. J. W. Willey; president ot council, J. Mills; aldermen, 
J Mills. N. Dockstader, Jonathan .Williams; coucilmeu— 1st Ward, 
George B. Merwin, Horace Canfleld, Alfred Hall— 2nd Ward, E. Baldwin, 
S. Cook, H. L. Xoble— 3rd Ward, S. Starkweathei-, Joseph K. Miller, 
Thomas Colahau: attorne.v, H. B. Payne; treasurer, D. Worley; civil 
engineer. J. Shier: clerk. Oliver P. Baldwin: street commissioner, W. 
J. Warner; marshal. George Kirk; chief ot fire department, William 
Milford. 

18,38. Ma.yor, Joshua ilills; president of council, N. Dockstader; 
aldermen, N. Dockstader, Alfred Hall, Benjamin Harrington; council- 
men— 1st Ward, George C. Dodge, Moses A. Eldridge, Herrick Childs— 
and Ward. Benjamin Andrews. Leonard Case, Henry blair — 3rd Ward, 
Melancton Baruett, T. Colahan, T. Lemen; attorney, Moses Kelley; 
treasurer, Samuel Williamson: civil engineer, John Shier; clerk, A. H. 
Curtis: street commissioner, John Wills; marshal. Geo. Kirk; chief (ft 
fire department. Tom Lemen. 

1839. Mayor, Joshua Mills; president of council, John A. Foot; alder- 
men. Harvey Rice, E. Baldwin, Richard Hilliard:oouncilmen— 1st Ward, 
George .Mendenhall. Timothy P. Spencer, Moses Ross— 2nd Ward. J. A. 
Foot. C. M. Giddings. Jefferson Thomas — 'ivd Ward, Thomas Boliou, 
T. Lemen. John A. Vmcent; attorney, Moses Kelly: treasurer, Samuel 
Williamson: clerk, James B. Finney; street supervisor. John Wills: 
marshal. Isaac Taylor; chief of fire department, J. R. St. John. 

1840. Mayor, Nicholas Dockstader; president ot council, William 
Milford; aldermen, W. Milford. William Lemen. Josiah A. Harris; 
councilmen— 1st Ward. Ashbel W. Walworth. David Hersch, John Barr 
—2nd Ward, David Allen, J. A. Foot, Thomas M. Kelley— 3rd Ward, 
Stephen Clary, Charles Bradburn, J. A. Vincent; attorney, George A. 
Benedict; treasurer. Timothy Xngraham; clerk, James B. Finney; street 
supervisor, J. Wills; market clerk. L. D. Johnson; marshal, Isaac Ta.y- 
lor; chief of fire department. J. L. Weatherby. 

1841. Mayor, J. W. Allen: president of council, T. Bolton; aldermen. 
W. Milford, T. Bolton, Newton E. Crittenden; councilmen— 1st Ward, 
Nelson Hay ward, Herrick Childs, George B. Tibbets— 2nd AVard, M. 
Kelley. W. J. Warner. M. C Younglove— 3rd Ward. Philo Scovill, Benja- 
min Harrington, Miller M. Spangler; attorney, Bushnell White; treas- 
urer, T. Ingraham: clerk. Madison Kelley; street supervisor, Jefferson 
Thomas; market clerk, B. S. Welch; marshal. James A. Craw; chief of 
fire department, J. L. Weatherby. 

1843. Slayor, Joshua JUlls; president of council, B. Harrington; alder- 
men. X. Hay ward, William Smyth. B. Harrington; councilmen — 1st 
Ward, William D. Sott, Robert Bailej-, Henry Morgan— 2nd Ward, 
George Mendenhall, George Witherell. J. Thomas— 3rd Ward, William 
T Goodwin. George Kirk, Levi Johnson; attorney, Joseph Adams; 
treasurer, G. B Tibbets: clerk, Madison Kelley; street supervisor, 
Chas. F. Lender; market clerk, B. S. Welch; marshal, Seth A. Abbey; 
chief of fire department, M. M. Spangler. 

IWi. Mayor. Xelson Hay ward ; president of council. G . A. Benedict ; 
aldermen, W. D. Xoit. S. Cook. S. Starkweather; councilmen— 1st Ward, 
R. Bailey, John R. WigUian, James Church, Jr.— and Ward, S. Clary, 
Alanson H, Lacy, G. A. Benedict— 3rd Ward, W. T. Goodwin, J. Wills, 
Alexander S. Cramer; attorney, B. White; treasurer, G. iS. Tibbits; 
clerk, M, Kelley; street supei-visor, Sylvester Remington; market clerk, 
B. S. Welch; marshal, S, A. Abbey: chief ot fire department, John 
Outhwaite. 

1844. Mayor. Samuel Starkweather; president of council. M. Barnett; 
aldermen. Leander M. Hubby, S. Clary, W. T. Goodwin; councilmen— 
1st Ward, Thomas Mell. George F. Marshall, E. st. John IJemis-and 
Ward. Charles Stetson. Jacob Lowmau, John Outhwaite— 3rd Ward, 
William F. Allen, M. Barnelt, John F. Warner; attorne.v. B. White; 
treasurer. 51. M. Spangler: clerk. ?I. Kelley; street supervisor. John 
Wills; market clerk, Benjamin Rose; marshal, S. A. Abbey; chief of 
fire department, M. M. Spangler. 

1845. Jlayor, Samuel Starkweather; |>resident of council. F. W'. Bing- 
ham; aldermen, C. W. Heard. G. Wilherell, L. O. Mathews, couucilnien 
—1st Ward. F. W. Bingham. Peter Caul, Samuel C. Ives— and Word, 
James Gardner, Ellery G. Williams, David L. Wood— 3rd Ward, Arthur 
Hughes, John A. Wheeler, Orville Gurley; attorney, Geo. W. Lynde; 
treasurer, James E. James; clerk, M. Kelley; street supervisor, Myron 



■Each year of oSllclal service extends over until after the electii 
next year. 



324 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Dow: market clerk, George Overacker: marshal, Stough ton Bliss; chief 
of Are department, A. S. Sanford. 

1546. Mayor. George Hoadley: president of Council, L. M. Hubby; 
aldermen. L. M. Hubby, JohnH. Gorman, J. A. Harris; councilnien— 1st 
Ward, E. S. Bemis. John F. Chamberlain, John Gill— and Ward, William 
Case. William Bingham, John A. ^"heeler— 3rd Ward, William K. Ad- 
ams, Marshall Carson, Liakim L. Lyon; attorney, Samuel Williamson; 
treasurer, M. M. Spangler; clerk, James D. Cleveland: street supervisor. 
W. R. Richardson, (succeeded by Asa D. Howard): market clerk, Fred- 
erick Whitehead; marshal, S. A. Abbey; chief offlre department, John 
Gill. 

1547. Mayor. Josiah A. Harris; president of council, F. W. Bingham; 
aldermen, F. W. Bingham, W. Case. Pierre A. Mathivet; councilmen — 
1st Ward, David Clark Doan, Henry Everett, John Gill— 2nd Ward, John 
Envin, Charles Hickox, H. B. Payne— 3rd Ward, Alexander Seymour, 
Alexander S. Cramer, Orville Gurley; attorney, William Strong, treas- 
urer, M. JI. Spangler; clerk. John Coon; street supervisor, J. Wills; 
market clerk, Benjamin Ross; marshal, B. Giles (succeeded by S. A. 
Abbey) ; chief of Are department, M. M. Spangler (succeeded by A. S. 
Sanford). 

1&48. Mayor, Lorenzo A. Kelsey ; president of the council, F. W. Bing- 
ham: aldermen, F. W. Bingham, W. Case, Alexander Strong: council- 
men— 1st Ward. Richard Norton, John Gill, Charles M. Read— 2nd Ward, 
H. B. Payne, L. M. Hubby, Thomas C. Floyd— 3rd Ward, S. Starkweath- 
er, Robert Parks. William J. Gordon: attorney, Jabez W. Fitch; treas- 
urer, 31. M. Spangler: clerk, J. B. Bartlett: street supervisor. Jacob 
Mitchell: market clerk, O. F. Welsh: marshal, S. A. Abbay: chief of 
fire department, S. S. Lyon. 

1R19. Mayor. Flavel W. Bingham ; president of council. William 
Case: aldermen, W. Case, .\lexander Seymour, John Gill: councilmen— 
1st Ward, David W. Cross, R . Norton, H. Everett^2nd Ward, Alexander 
Mcintosh, John G. Mack, James Colyer— 3rd Waid, Arthur Hughes. 
Abner C. Brownell. Levi Johnson; attorney, J. W. Fitch; treasurer. 
George C. Dodge; clerk, J. B. Bartlett; street supervisor, Henry Mor- 
gan; market clerk, O. F. Welch; marshal. S. A. Abbey; chief of flre 
department, James Bennett. 

1850 Mayor. William Case; president of council, Alexander Sey- 
mour; aldermen. A. .Seymour, J. Gill, L.M. Hubby; councilmen— 1st 
Ward, William Given, George ^\^litelaw, Buckley Stedman—8nd Ward, 
.Alexander Mcintosh, W. Bingham, S, Williamson— .3rd Ward, Arthur 
Hughes, A. C. Brownell, L. Johnson; attorney, John E.Cary; treasurer, 
William Hart; clerk, J. B. Bartlett; street supervisor, Jacob Mitchell; 
market clerk. JIayne Potter: marshal, S. A. .ibbey; chief ol fire depart- 
ment, M. M. Spangler. 

1851. Mayor. William Case: president of council, J. Gill: aldermen, 
J. Gill. L. M. Hubby. A C. Brownell. Buckley Stedman ; councilmen— 
1st Ward, J W. Fitch, G. 'Uliitelaw- 3nd Ward, A Mcintosh, Thomas 
C. Floyd— 3rd Ward, Stoughton Bliss, M. M. Spangler— llh Ward, Mar- 
shall S. Castle, James B. Wilbur; attorney, .John C, Grannis; treasiu-er, 
William Hart: clerk, J. B. Bartlett; street supervisor, William Given; 
market clerk. Mayne Potter; marshal, James Lawrence: chief of flre 
department, 31. M. Spangler. 

1859. JIayor, Abner C. Brownell: president of council, L. 31. Hubby; 
aldermen. John B. Wigman. L. 31. Hubby, Bazil L. Spangler. B. Sted- 
man; councilmen— 1st Ward. H. Jlorgan. Aaron Jlerchant— 2nd Ward, 
William H. Sholl, Robert B. Bailey-3rd Ward. S. Bliss, John B. Smith— 
4th Ward, Admiral N. Gray, Henry Howe; attorney, John C. Grannis; 
treasurer. William Hart; clerk. J. B. Bartlett; street supervisor, Lewis 
Dibble; market clerk, Clark Warren, succeeded by Erastus Frissell and 
Lambert White; marshal, J. Lawrence; chief of fire department J W 
Fitch. 

1853. Mayor, .ibner C. Brownell: president of council, William H. 
Sholl; trustees— 1st Ward, John B. Wigman. George F. 3Iarshall— 2nd 
Ward. William H. Sholl, James Gardner— 3rd Ward. William J. Gordon, 
Robert Reilley-^th Ward, H. Everett. Richard C. Parsons; sohcitor, 
James Fitch; treasurer, William Hart: civil engineer, J. W. Pillsbury; 
clerk, J. B. Bartlett; auditor, J. B. Bartlett; city commissioners— for 
three years, .\. 3IcIntosh— for two years, John 31. Hughes— for one year, 
John A. Wheeler; superintendent of markets, W. A. Norton; marshal', 
3Iichael Gallagher: police judge. John Barr: police clerk, O. J. Hodge; 
police prosecuting attorney, Bushnell WHiite; chief of flre department, 
William Cowan. 

1854. Mayor, Abner C. Brownell; president of the council, R. C. Par- 
sons; trustees— 1st Ward, J. B. Wigman, Charles Bradburn— 2nd Ward. 
W. H. Sholl, J. Gardner— 3d Ward, Christopher 3Iollen. R. ReiUey^tth 
Ward, H. Everett, R. C. Parsons— 5th Ward, Chauneey Tice, Jiatthew S. 
Cotterell— (ith Ward, Bolivar Butts, John A. Bishop— Tth Ward, W. C. B. 
Richardson. George W. 3Iorrill— .sth Ward, A. C. 31essenger. C. W. Pal- 
mer— 9th Ward, W. Porter. Albert Powell— 10th Ward, Plimmon C. Ben- 
nett, Irvine U. Masters— 11th Ward. Edward Russell. Frederick Silberg; 
solicitor, J. W. Fitch : treasurer. W. Hart : civil engineer, J. W. Pillsbury ; 
clerk, J. B. Bartlett; auditor, J. B. Bartlett; city commissioner. John 
Erwin; superintendent of markets, W. A. Norton; marshal, Michael 
Gallagher: police judge, John Barr: police clerk, O. J. Hodge; police 



prosecuting attorney, Bushnell 'White (R. D. Noble, pro tern); chief of 
fire department. 3V. Cowan. 

1H55. 3Iayor, William B. Castle: president of council. C. Bradburn; 
trustees— 1st Ward. C. Bradburn, E. A. Brock— 2nd Ward, W. H. Sholl, 
William T. Smith— 3rd Ward. C. Jlollen. Thomas S. Paddock— 4th Ward, 
William H. Stanley, Rensselaer R. Herrick— oth Ward. Chauneey Tice, 
Irad L. Beardsley— 6th Ward, B. Butts, J. A. Bishop— Tth Ward, W. C. 

B. Richardson. George W. 3Iorrill— Sth Ward. C. W. Palmer. S. W. John- 
son— 9th Ward, A. Powell, William A. Wood— 10th Ward, I. U. JIasters, 
Charles A. Crumb— 11th Ward, Edward Russell. Stephen Huhrer; solic- 
itor, John Coon: treasurer, W. Hart: civil engineer, G. A. Hyde; clerk, 
J. B. Bartlett; auditor, J. B. Bartlett: city commissioner, Ambrose 
Anthony : superintendent of markets, F. C. Babbitt : marshal, David L. 
3Vood: police judge, S. A. Abbey: police clerk, O. J. Hodge; police pros- 
ecuting attorney, A T. Slade; chief of flre department. James Hill. 

1856. 3Iayor, William B. Castle: president of council, C. W. Palmer; 
trustees— 1st Ward, E. A. Brock, A. P. Winslow— 2nd Ward, W. T. 
Smith, O. 31. Oviatt— 3rd Ward. T. S. Paddock, C. Mollen-4th Ward, R. 
R. Herrick, C. S. Ransom-5th 3Vard, Chauneey Tice. F. T. Wallace— 
Bth Ward J. "A. Bishop," H. Rice— Tth Ward, George W. 3Iorrill, E. S. 
Willard— 8th Ward, S. W. Johnson, R. G. Hunt— 9th Ward. S. J. Lewis, 

C. W. Palmer— 10th Ward. C. A. Crumb. I. U. 3Iasters— 11th Ward, S. 
Buhrer, John Kirpatrick: solicitor, J. Coon: treasurer, W. Hart: civil 
engineer, G. A. Hyde: clerk. J. B. Bartlett: auditor J. B. Bartlett: city 
commissioner, J. B. Wigman : superintendent of markets, F. C. Babbitt; 
marshal D. L. Wood: police judge. S. A. Abbey: police clerk, Jesse 
Palmer; police prosecuting attorney. A. T. Slade: chief of fire depart- 
ment, James Hill. 

2857. Mayor, Samuel Starkweather: president of council. Reuben G. 
Hunt: trustees— 1st Ward, A. P. Winslow, L. J. Rider— 3nd Ward, 0, 31. 
Oviatt, Charles D. Williams— 3rd Ward, C. JloUen, Charles Patrick — 1th 
Ward, C. S. Ransom. R. R. Herrick— Sth Ward. F. T. Wallace, William 

B. Rezuer- 6th Ward. H. Rice. Jacob 3Iueller— Tth Ward, E. S. Willard. 
John \. Weber— 8th Ward, R. G. Hunt. B. G. Sweet— 9th Ward, C. W. 
Palmer, James 31. Coffinberry — 10th3Vard, I. U. 3Iasters. C. A. Crumb — 
11th AVard. J. Kirkpatrick, Daniel Stephan; attorney, John W. Heisley; 
treasurer, W. Hart; civil engineer, G. A. Hyde; clerk, J. B. Bartlett; 
auditor. J. B. Bartlett; city commissioner, Peter Caul; superintendent 
of markets, Edward Russell: marshal, 31. Gallagher; police judge. Isaac 

C. Vail; police clerk, J. Palmer; chief of flre department, J. Hill. 

1858. 3Iayor, Samuel Starkweather; president of council, J. 31. Cof- 
finberry; trustees— 1st Ward, L. J. Rider, George B. Senter— 2d 3Vard, 
C. D. Williams, O. 31. Oviatt^:3d Ward, Levi Johnson, Randall Crawford 
—4th Ward. R. R. Herrick, C. S. Ransom— 5th Ward, William B. Rezner, 
G. H. Detmer— 6th Ward, J. 3Iueller, L. D. Thayer— Tth Ward. J. A. 
Weber, Thomas Thompson— Sth Ward, B. G. Sweet, C. Winslow— 9th 
Ward, J. 31. Coffinberry. John N. Ford; 10th Ward, A. G. Hopkinson, I. 
U. 3Iasters; 11th 3Vard, D. Stephan. Alexander McLane; attorney, J. W. 
Heisley: treasurer, W. Hart; civil engineer, C. D. Bishop; clerk, J. B. 
Bartlett: auditor, J. B. Bartlett; city commissioner, A. C. Beardsley; 
superintendent of markets, E. Russell: marshal, M. Gallagher; police 
judge. Isaac C. Vail; police clerk, J. Palmer; chief of fire department, 
James Hill. 

1859. 31ayor. George B. Senter: president of council, I. U. Masters; 
trustees— 1st Ward, L. J. Rider, James Christian— 2nd Ward, O. 31. Ovi- 
att, William H. Hayward— 3rd 3Vard, R. Crawford. Louis Heckman — 4th 
Ward, C. S. Ransom, Isaac H. 3Iarshall— 5th Ward, G. H. Detmer. Jacob 
Hovey- fith Ward, L. D. Thayer, Jared H. Clark- Tth Ward, Thomas 
Thompson, James R. Worswick— 8th Ward, C. Winslow, C. L. Russell— 
9th Ward. John H. Sargeant, E. H. Lewis— 10th 3Vard, I. C. Blasters, A. 
G. Hopkinson— 11th Ward. A. McLane, Thomas Dixon; attorney, Chas. 
W. Palmer: treasurer, William Hart: civil engineer, John Whitelaw; 
clerk, J. B. Bartlett; auditor. J. B. Bartlett; city commissioner, Samuel 
Erwin: superintendent of markets, W. G. Stedman: marshal, James A. 
Craw': police judge. A. G. Lawrence, police clerk, Jacob Schroeder; 
chief of fire department, James Hill. 

1860. 3Iayor, George B. Senter; president of council, I. U. Masters; 
trustees— 1st Ward, James Christian, Thomas Quayle — 2nd Ward, W. 
H. Hayward, O. 31. Oviatt— Srd Ward. L. Heckman. Henry S. Stevens— 
4th Ward, I. H. 3Iarshall, E. Thomas— 5th 3Vard, Jacob Hovey, W. B. 
Rezner— 6th Ward, J. H. Clark, C. J. Ballard— Tth Ward, J. R. Wors- 
wick, E. S. Willard— 8th Ward, C. L, Russell, J. Dwight Palmer— 9th 
Ward, E. H. Lewis. William Sabin— 10th Ward, A. G. Hopkinson, I. U. 
Masters — 11th Ward, Thomas Dixon, Daniel Stephan; attornej', W. 
Palmer; treasurer, 3V. Hart: civil engineer, John Whitelaw: clerk, J 
B. Bartlett: auditor. J. B. Bartlett: city commissioner, R. Crawford: 
superintendent of markets, William Sanborn; marshal, James A. Craw; 
police judge, A. G. Lawrence; police clerk, J. Schroeder: chief of fire 
department, James Hill. 

1861. Mayor, Edward S. Flint; president of council, H. S. Stevens; 
trustees— 1st Ward. T. Quayle. J. J. Benton— 2ud Ward, O. M. Oviatt, 
T. N. Bond— Srd Ward, H. b. Stevens, A. C. Keating— Ith Ward, E. 
Thomas, Henry Blair— Sth Ward, W. B. Rezner, Joseph Sturges— 6th 
Ward, C. J. Ballard, William 31eyer— Tth Ward, F. S Willard, P. 31. 
Freese — Sth 3Vard, J. Dwight Palmer. Solon Corning— 9th 3Vard, Wil- 




^Y>W^i 



4}>^ASU 



I 



CLEVELAND CIVIL LIST. 



325 



liam Sabin, A. Anthony- 10th Ward. I. U. Masters, William Wellhouse 
— lllh Ward, J. Coonrad, Thomas Dixon; attorney, Merrill Barlow; 
treasurer. W. Hart; civil engineer, John Whilelaw: clerk, C E. Hill; 
auditor, J. B I'artlett; street commissioner. Edward Russell; superin- 
tendeutof markets, W. G. Steadman; police judge, Isaac C. Vail; po- 
lice clerk, J. Schroeder; marshal. C. X Hinckley: chief of Are depart- 
ni'-nt, Edwin Hart. 

18li3. Mayor, Edward S. Flint ; president of council, Irvine U. Masters; 
trustees— 1st Ward, J. J Benton. C. C. Rogers -2nd Ward, T. N. Bond. 
A. Roberts— 3rd Ward, A. C. Keating, H. S. Stevens — 1th Ward, Henry 
Blair, E. Thomas— .'ith Ward. Joseph Sturges, Nathan P. Payne— 6th 
Ward, John Huntington, William Meyer— Tth Ward, P. M. Freese, E. S. 
Willard— 8th Ward, Solon Corning, J. D. Palmer— 9th Ward. A. Anthony. 
.V. T. Van Tassel— 10th Ward. William Wellhouse. I. U. Masters— llth 
Ward, J. Coonrad, Thomas Dixon; attorney, ."(lerrill Barlow: treasurer, 
William Hart; civil engineer, Charles D. Bishop; clerk, C. E. Hill; audi- 
tor, J. B. Bartlett; street commissioner, Edward Russell; superintend- 
ent of markets, G. Folsom: judge of police court, Isaac C. Vail (Edward 
Hesseiunueller, protem); police clerk. J. Schroeder; marshal. 31. Gal- 
lagher: chief of fire department. Edwin Hart. 

1863. Mayor, Irvine U. Masters: presiilent of the council. H. S. 
Stevens; trustees— 1st Ward, C. C. Rogers. Thomas Jones. Jr.— 2nd 
Ward, .\. Roberts. T. N. Bond— 3rd Ward, H. S. Stevens, A. C. Keating 
— 1th Ward, E Thomas, Henry Blair- 5th Ward, N. P. Payne, Joseph 
Sturges— 6th Ward, John Huntington, George W. Gardner— Tth Ward 
E. S. Willard. Peter Goldrick— sth Ward. Joseph Ransom. J. D. Palmer— 
(Ith Ward, A. T. Van Tassel, Percival Upton— 10th Ward, H. N. Bissett 
George Presley— llth Ward. J. Coonrad. Stephen lUihrer: attorney, 
John C. Granuis; treasurer. W. Hart; civil engineer. J. H. Sargeant; 
clerk, C. E Hill; auditor, C. E. Hill: street commissioner, John Given; 
superintendent of markets, G. Folsom: police judge, E. Hessenmueller: 
police clerk. J. Schroeder; marshal, John X. Frazee: chie f of Are de- 
partment, Edwin Hart. 

1864. Mayor. Irvine U Masters: (died, and George B. Senter elected 
by council in his place): president of council, Thomas Jones. Jr. ; trus- 
tees— 1st Ward, T. .Jones. Jr. ; Charles C. Rogers— and Ward. T. X. Bond. 
Ansel Robei'ts— 3rd Ward. A. C. Keating. Amos Townsend -4th Ward. 
Henry Blair, David A. Dangler— oth Ward. Joseph Sturges B. P. Bower 
—6th Ward, G. W. Gardner. .John Huntington— 7lh Ward, Peter Gold 
rick. E. S. \\ illard— sth Ward. Joseph Randerson. William H. Truscott 
— 9th Ward, P. I'pton. John ^lartin— 10th Ward, George Preslej', Michael 
Crapser— nth Ward, S. Buhrer, E. Russell; attorney, J. C. Grannis: 
treasurer, Wm. Hart: civil engineer, John Whitelaw; clerk. C. E. Hill; 
auditor, C. E. Hill; street commissioner. John Given; superintendent 
of markets, G. Folsom: police judge. E. Hessenmueller; police clerk, 
J, Schroeder; marshal, J. X. Frazee: chief of Are department, J. Hill. 

1865. Mayor, Herman M. Chapin; president of council, T. Jones, Jr.; 
trustees— 1st Ward. C. C. Rogers, T. Jones, Jr.— 2nd Ward. A. Roberts 
Henry K. Raynolds— 3rd Ward, A. Townsend, R. Crawford — Ith Ward, 
r>. A. Dangler, Pimson Thorman— .5th Ward, B. P. Bower, Joseph Stur- 
ges— 6th Ward. John Huntington. George W Calkins- 7th Ward, E. S. 
Willard, Charles U. Pettingill-Kth Ward. W. H. Truscott. Joseph Ran- 
derson— 9lh Ward, John Martin. Freilerick W. Pelton— 10th Ward, John 
J. Weideraan, George Presley— llth Ward, E. Russell, S. Buhrer; attor- 
ney, R. B. Dennis; treasurer, William Hart: civil engineer. John White- 
law: clerk, C. E. Hill: auditor. C. E. Hill: street commissioner. J. Coon- 
rad; superintendent of markets, G. Folsom; police judge, S. A. Abbey: 
police clerk, D. N. Gardner: marshal, Jacob W. Schmitt; chief of Are 
department, J. Hill. 

1866. JIayor, Herman M. Chapin; president of council, F W Pelton. 
trustees— 1st Ward. T. Jones, Jr., C. C. Rogers- -.'d Ward, H K. Ray- 
nolds. A. Roberts— 3rd Ward, R. Crawford. A. Townsend— 4th Ward, S 
Thorman, Maurice B. Clark— 5th Ward, J. Sturges, William Heisley— 6th 
Ward, G. W. Calkins. J. Himtington- Tth Ward, C. B. Pettingill, Chris- 
t. ipher Weigel— 8th Ward, Joseph Randerson, W. H. Truscott— 9th Ward, 
K W. Pelton. J. Martin— 10th Ward. Reuben H. Becker, G Presley -llth 
Ward, S. Bahrer, Robert Larmier; attorney, R B Dennis; treasurer, 
William Hart: civil engineer, ,Iohn Whitelaw; clerk, C. E. Hill: audi- 
tor, C. E. Hill: street commissioner, J. Coonrad: superintendent of 
markets, G. Folsom; police judge, S. A. .\bbey: police clerk, D. N. 
Gardner; snperintendent of police, J. N. Frazee: chief r.f Are depart- 
ment, J. Hill. 

1867. Mayor, Stephen Buhrer: president of council, A. Townsend; 
trustees— 1st Ward, C. C. Rogers, Silas Merchant-2nd Ward, A. Rob- 
erts, Peter Diemer— 3rd ward, .\. Townsend, J. C. Shields— 4th Ward, 
Maurice B Clark, Proctor Thayer— ith Ward, W. Heisley, Thomas Pur- 
cell— 6th Ward, J. Huntington, Edwin Hart— 7th Ward, Christopher 
Weigel. C. B. Pettingill— 8th Ward, W. H. Truscott, Joseph Houstain— 
9th Ward, J. Martin, F. W, Pelton— 10th Ward, R. H. Becker, William 
Wellhouse— nth Ward, R. Larnder, Charles E. Gehring; attorney, A. T. 
Brinsmade; treasurer, W Hart: civil engineer, Charles H. Strong; clerk, 
C. E. Hill; auditor, C. E. Hill; street commissioner, J. Coonrad: super- 
intendent of markets, G. Randerson; police judge, S. A. Abbey; police 
clerk, D. X. Gardner: superintendent of police, John X. Frazee; chief of 
Are department, J. Hill. 

41 A 



1868. Mayor, Stephen Buhrer: president of council. A. Townsend; 
trustees— 1st Ward. S. Merchant, C. C. Rogers— 2nd Ward, Peter Diemer, 
H. G. Cleveland-3rd Ward J. C Shields. A. Townsend— 1th Ward, 
Proctor Thayer. M. B. Clark— Sth Ward, Thomas Purcell, X. P. Payne— 
6th Ward, Edwin Hart, J. Huntington— Tth Ward, C. B. Pettingill, George 
Angel-8th Ward, Jos. Houstain, Patrick Carr- 9th Ward, F. W. Pelton, 
John JIartin— lOth Ward, William Wellhouse, J. J. Weideman— llth 
Ward, Chas. E. Gehring, George L. Hartnell— 12th "Ward, Eugene C. 
Gaeckley. Benjamin R. Beavis— 13th Ward, George Rettberg, Jlajor Col- 
lins— 14th Ward. John Jokus, .\. E. Massey— I5th Ward. B, Lied, John 
.\. Ensign: attorney, A. T. brinsmade: treasurer, W. Hart; civil engi- 
neer, C. H. Strong; clerk, C. E, Hill; auditor, C E. Hill; street com- 
missioner, J. Coonrad; superintendent of markets, Geoi'ge Randerson; 
police judge. S. A. .\bbey; police clerk. D. X.Gardner; superintendent 
of police, Thomas McKinstry: chief of Are department, J . Hill. 

1869. Mayor, Stephen Buhrer: president of council. .V. Townsend; 
trustees— 1st Ward, S. ^lerchant, C. C. Rogers— 2nd Ward, H. G. Cleve- 
land, P. Diemer— 3rd Ward, A. Townsend, Charles Coates— 4th Ward, R. 
R. Hetrick, Proctor Thayer— Sth Ward, X. P. Payne, Thomas Purcell— 
6th Ward. John Huntington, W. P. Horton— Tth Ward, George Angel, 
Horace Fuller— Sth Ward, Patrick Carr, Patrick Smith— Uth Ward. J. 
Martin, L. M. Coe— lOth Ward, J. J. Weideman, William Wellhouse— 
llth Ward, George L. Hartnell, John G. Vetter— 12th Ward. Benj. R. 
Beavis, E. C. Gaeckley— 13th Ward, George Rettbeig, J. H. Slawson— 
Uth Ward. A. E. Massey. A. A Jewett— 15th Ward — J. A. Ensign, C. W. 
Coates; attorney, T. J. Carran: treasurer, S. T. Everett; civil engineer, 
C. U. Strong; clerk, C. E. Hill; auditor, C. K. Hill; street commissioner, 
Jacob Bittel: superintendent of markets, G. Randerson; police judge, 
J. D. Cleveland: police clerk, D. X. Gardner; superintendent of police, 
T. McKinstry: chief of fire department, J. Hill. 

1.S70. Mayor, Stephen Buhrer; president of council, A. Townsend; 
trustees— 1st Ward, S. Jlei-chant, George Weckerling— 2nd Ward, P. 
Diemer, J. P. Robinson— 3rd Ward, C. Coates. A. Townsend— 4th Ward, 
P. Thayer, H. W. Leutkemeyer— Sth Ward. Thomas Purcell, X. P. Payne 
—6th Ward, W. P. Horton. J. Huntington— Tth Ward, Horace Fuller, 
George .\ngel— Sth Ward. Patrick Smith, Edward Costello— 9th Ward, 
L. M. Coe. J. Martin— 10th Ward, William Wellhouse. L. D. Benedicts— 
llth Ward— J. G. Vetter, Jacob Dahler— I2th Ward, E. C. Gaeckley, Benj. 
R. lieavis— 13th Ward, J. H. Slawson, George Rettberg— 14th Ward, A. A. 
■lewett, A. E. Massey— 15th Ward, Cullen W. Coates, James Paiker: at- 
torney, T. J. Carran; treasurer. S. T. Everett; civil engineer, Charles 
H. Strong; clerk, C. E. Hill; auditor, C. E. Hill: street commissioner, 
Jacob Bittel; superintendent of markets. George Randerson; poUce 
judge, J. D. CleveUnd; police clerk, D. X. Gardner; superintendent of 
police, John H. - illiston: chief of fire department, J. Hill. 

1871. Mayor, Frederick W. Pelton: president of council, .-i. Town- 
send; trustees— 1st Ward, George Weckerling, S. Jlerchant— 2nd Ward 
J. P. Robison, W. H. Gaylord— 3rd Ward A, Townsend, J. H. Farley— 
4th Ward, H, W. Luetkemeyer. Orlando J. Hodge— .Jth Ward, X. P. 
Payne, Thomas Purcell— (ith Ward, J. Huntington, W. P. Horton— 7th 
Ward, George Angel. J. L. Mclutosh — 8th Ward. Edward Costello, 
Patrick Smith— 9th Ward, L. M. Coe, .John Martin— 10th Ward, L. D. 
Benedict, S. 11. Crowl— llth Ward, .Jacob Dabler. J. G. Vetter— I2th 
Ward, B. R. Beavis, John Hornsey- 13th Ward, G. Rettberg, J. H. Slaw- 
son-14tb Ward. M. J. Holly, .\. .V. Jewett-lSth Ward, James Parker, 
J. Y. Black; solicitor. W. C. Bunts: treasurer. S. T. Everett: civil en- 
gineer, C. H. Strong; clerk, Theo. Voges; auditor, T. Jones, Jr.; street 
commissioner. Jacob Bittel ; superiutendent of markets. William Backus: 
police judge, J. W. Towner: police clerk, D. X. Gardner: police prose- 
cuting attorney, C. M. Stone; superintendent of police, Jacob W. 
Schmitt; chief of Are department. J. Hill. 

1872. Mayor, Frederick W. Pelton; president of council, A. Town" 
send; tnistees— 1st Ward, S. Merchant, J. C. Graimis— 2nd Ward. W. II 
Gaylord, Philip Roeder— 3rd Ward, J. H. Farley, A. Townsend— 4th 
Ward, O. J. Hodge, George M. Barber--5th Ward, T. Purcell, W. B. Rez- 
ner— 6th Ward. W. P. Horton. J. Huntington— Tth Ward, John L. Mc- 
intosh, George Angel— 8th Ward. P. Smith. E. Costello— 9th Ward. L. M. 
Coe. J. .Martin- 10th Ward, S. H. Crowl, L. D. Benedict— llth Ward, J. 
G. Vetter, Charles Higgins— 12th Ward, John Hornsey, Frederick Halt- 
north— 13th Ward, J. H. Slawson, C. Delaney-14th Ward, A. A. Jewett, 
N. P. Glazier— 15th Ward, J. Y, Black, J. B. Bruggeman; solicitor, W. C. 
Bunts; treasurer, S. T. Everett ; civil engineer, C. H. Strong; clerk, Theo. 
Voges: auditor, T. Jones, Jr.; street commissioner. Jacob Bittel: super- 
intendent of markeis, Wm. i ackus; police judge, J. W. Towner: police 
clerk, D. X. Gardner: police prosecuting attorney, C. M. Stone; super- 
intendent of poUce, Jacob W. Schmitt: chief of Are department, J. Hill. 

18T3. Mayor. Charles A. Otis: president of council. A. Townsend; 
trustees— 1st Ward, J. C. Grannis, Jacob Striebinger— 2nd Ward, P. 
Roeder, W. H. Gaylord— 3rd Ward, A. Townsend, James Barnett — 4th 
Ward. J. J. Vogt, O. J. Hodge-5th Ward, W. B. Rezner, T. Purcell— 
6th Ward, W. P. Horton, J. Huntington- Tth Ward, G. Angel, Edward 
Angell-«th Ward, E. Costello, William Kelly— 9th Ward, A. T. Van Tas- 
sel, George T. Chapman— 10th Ward, L. D. Benedict, W. M. Bayne— llth 
Ward, Charles Higgins. E. Russell- 12th Ward. F. Ortli. John Honisey 
—13th Ward. C. Del iney, W. C. Xorth— 14th Ward, X. P. Glazier, George 
W. Morgan— 15th Ward, J. B. Bruggeman, J. W. Grimshaw— 16th Ward- 



32G 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAM). 



H. H. Thorp, Frank H. Kelley— i:th Ward, Robert Harlow. Charles D. 
Everett: solicitor, W. C. Bunts; treasurer, S. T. Everett; civil engineer, 
Charles H. Strong; clerk, Theo. Voges: auditor, T. Jones, Jr.: street 
commissioner. Jacob Bittel; superintendent of markets, J. G. Vetter; 
police judge. .S. A. Abbe.v; police clerk, D. N, Gardner; police prose- 
cuting attoiney, C. JI. Stone: superintendent of police, J. W Schmitt: 
chief of fire department, James Hill. 

1874. Mayor, Charles A. Otis; president of council, H. Kelley: trus- 
tees-lst Ward, J. Striebinger, Hazen Hughes— 3nd Ward. W. H. Gay- 
lord. Henry C. Burt— 3rd Ward. J. Barnett, John H. Farley-^th ^'ard, 
O. J. Hodge, Daniel Marshall-5th Ward, T. Purcell. James McGrath— 
6th Ward. W. P. Horton, Joseph Hackman— 7th Ward. E. Angell. C. 
Kushman— 8th Ward. William Kelley, O. J. Gallagher— 9th Ward, G. T. 
Chapman, A. T. Tan Tassel— 10th Ward, W. 31. Bayne. S. Buhrer— 11th 
Ward, E. Russell, Charles Higgins— lith Ward. J. Hornsey. Henry Hoff- 
man— i:5th Ward, W C. North. J. C. Hemmeter— 14th Ward. G. W. Jlor- 
gau. Ferdinand Eggers— 15th Ward. J. W. Grimshaw. Jas. K. O'Reilly— 
li;th Ward. Frank H. Kelley. H. C. Ford— 17th Ward. C. D. Everett, C. 
B. Lockwood— 18th Ward. E. T. Hamilton, Joseph Tumey; solicitor, 
Georges. Kain: treasurer, S. T. Everett; civil tngineer, Charles H. 
Strmg; clerk. Theo. Voges; auditor. T. Jones, Jr.; street commissioner; 
Jacob Bittel: superintendent of markets. J. G. Vetter; police judge. S. 
A. Abbey; police clerk. D. N. Gardner; police prosecuting attorney, C. 
M. Stone; superintendent of police, J. W. Schmitt: chief of fire departs 
ment, J. Hill. 

1873. Mayor, Nathan P. Payue: president of council, J. H, Farley; 
trustees— 1st Ward. Hazen Hughes. N. S. Cobleigh— Snd Ward, H. C. 
Burt, C. H. DeFo:-est— .3rd Ward, J. H. Farley. P. L. Johnson— 4th 
Ward, Daniel Marshall, O. J. Hodge— .ith Ward, James McGrath, Peter 
Goldrick— ilth Ward, Joseph Hackman, W. P. Horton— Tth Ward, C. 
Kushman. Arthur Devine— sth Ward O. J. Gallagher, William Kelley— 
9th Ward. A. T. Van Tassel, F. J. Weed— lOth Ward, Stephen Buhrer, 
W. M. Bayne— nth Ward, Charles Higgius, John Sommer— 13th Ward, 
Henry Hoffman, E. C. Gaeckley— i:3th Ward. J. C. Hemmeter, J. M. 
McKinstrj-- 14th Ward, Ferd. Eggers. Ferdinand Svoboda— loth Ward, 
J. K. O'Reilly, A. A. Axtell— 16th Ward, H. C. Ford, William Sabin— 
17th Ward, M. B. Gary. C. D. Everett— 18th Ward. Joseph Turney. E, D. 
Sawyer; solicitor, William Heisley; treasurer. S. T. Everett; civil en- 
gineer, B. F. Morse; clerk, John L. Mcintosh: auditor, T. Jones, Jr. ; 
street commissioner, J. G. Vetter: superintendent of markets, Edward 
Russell: police judge, P. F. Young: police clerk. F. E. JIcGinness: police 
prosecuting attorney, M. A. Foran: superintetfdent of police, J. W. 
Schmitt : president of Are commissioners. N. P. Payne ; chief of fire de- 
partment. J. A. Bennett. 

1876. Mayor, Nathan P. Payne; president of council, Orlando J. 
Hodge; trustees— 1st Ward, N. S. Cobleigh. T. M. Warnef- 8nd Ward, C. 
H. De Forest, G. W. Gardner— .3d Ward, P. L. Johnson, J. H. Farley— 
4th Ward, O J. Hodge, T. H. White— 5th Ward, P. Goldrick, Joseph 
Keary— 6th Ward. W. H. Horton, John T. Watterson— 7th Ward, Arthur 
Devine, E. Angell-8th Ward, William Kelley. D. J. Lawler— 9th Ward, 
F. J. Weed, W. A. Morris— 10th Ward, W. M. Bayne, W. E; Sherwood— 
11th Ward. John Sommer. Martin Hipp— 13th Ward. E. C. Gaeckley, 
Thomas Holmden— 13th Ward. J. JI. McKiustry, J. M. Curtiss— 14th 
Ward, Ferd. Svoboda, F. H. Barr- 15th ^Vard, A. A. Axtell. J.' W. 
Grimshaw— 16th Ward. William Sabin, Henry Ford— 17th Ward, C. D. 
Everett, A. H. Stone— 18th Ward, E. D. Sawyer, George C. Hicfcox; so- 
hcitor, William Heisley; treasurer, S. T. Everett; civil engineer. B. F. 
Morse; clerk. John I.. Mcintosh: auditor, T. Jones, Jr.; street commis- 
sioner, J. G Vetter: superintendent of markets, Edward Russell: poUce 
judge, P. F. Toung; police clerk, Frank E. McGinness; poUce prosecut- 
ing attorney. M. A. Foran; superinteudent of poUce. J. W. Schmitt; pres- 
ident of fire commissioners, Joseph Turney; chief of fire department, 
J. A. Bennett. 

1877. JIayor, William G. Rose; president of council, Charles D. Ev- 
erett; trustees — 1st Ward. T. M. Warner. J. Striebinger— 3nd Ward. G. 
W. Gardner, David Morison— 3rd Ward, J. H. Farley, C. C. Schellentra- 
ger — 1th Ward, Thomas H. White. P. M. Spencer— 3th Ward. Joseph 
Keary, Thomas Reilley— 6th Ward, J . T. Watterson; S. M. Carpenter— 
7th Ward, E. Angell. W. C. B. Richardson— 8th Ward, D. J. Lawler, C. L. 
RusseU— 9th Ward. W. A. Morris, Frank Leonard— 10th Ward, W. E. 
Sherwood, Andrew Cant— 11th Ward, 31. Hipp, George Warner— I3th 
Ward, T. Hohnden, F. G. Kaufholz-13th Ward, J. M. Cuitiss, I. P. Lam- 
son— 14th Ward, F. H. Barr, H. F. Hoppeusack— 15th Ward, J. W. Grim- 
shaw, Charles Strever— 16th Ward, Henry Ford, A. K. Spencer— 17th 



Ward, C. D. Everett, A. H. Stone— 18th Ward, George C. Hickox, William 
Jones: solicitor, W. Heisley: treasurer, S. T. Everett: civil engineer, B. 
F. Morse: clerk. J. L. Mcintosh; auditor. T. Jones, Jr.; street commis- 
sioner, J, Bittel; supeiintendent of markets. Conrad Beck: police judge, 
R. D. Vpdegraff; police clerk. O. S. Gardner; police prosecuting attor- 
ney. U. H. Birney; superintendent of police, J. W. Schmitt: president 
of fire commissionrs. Joseph Turney: chief of fire department, J. A. 
Bennett. 

1878. Mayor. William G. Rose: president of council. Charles D. 
Everett; trustees — 1st Ward. T. M. Warner. Jacob Striebinger — 2nd 
Ward. George W. Gardner, David ?lorison — 3rd Ward, C. C. Schellen 
trager. George W. Segur — 4th Ward. P. M. Spencer. Edgar Decker— 3th 
Ward, Thomas Reilley. J. Jackson Smith— lith Ward. S. 31. Carpenter 
N. A. Gilbert— 7th Ward, W. C. B. Richardson, Arthur Devine— 8th 
Ward, C. L. Russell, John Darragh— 9th Ward, Frank Leonard. H. M. 
Townsend— 10th Ward. Andrew Cant. C. B. Clark— 11th Ward. George 
Warner, Robert M. Cordes— 13th Ward. F. G. Kautholz, Frank Rieley— 
13th Ward, J. M. Curtiss, J. P. Lamson— 14th Ward. H. F. Hoppen.sack. 
Ferd. Eggers— 1.5th Ward. J. W. Grimshaw. Charles Strever— 16th Ward, 
A. K. Spencer. .Alva J. Smith— 17th Ward. C. D. Everett, A. H. Stone— 
18th Ward. William Jones. William H. Lutton; solicitor. William Heisley; 
treasurer. S. T. Everett; civil engineer, B. F. Morse: clerk. W. H. Eck- 
man; auJitor. Henr.r Ford; street commissioner, Jacob Bittell: super- 
intendent of markets. Conrad Beck; president of board of police, W. G. 
Rose; judge of police court. R. D. Updegraff; police clerk, O. S. Gard- 
ner: police prosecuting nttrrney. U. H. Birney; superintendent of 
police. Jacob W. Schmitt ; president of board of fire commissioners. W. 
H. Radcliffe; chief of fire department. J. A. Bennett. 

1879. Mayor, R. R. Herrick: president of council, G. W. Gardner: 
trustees — 1st Ward. T. M. Warner. Chas. Burnside— 2nd Ward. Geo. W. 
Gardner. David Morison — 3rd Ward. Geo. W. Segur, C. C. Schellen- 
trager — 1th Ward, Edgar Decker, P. M. Spencer— 5th Wanl, J. J. Smith. 
Thos. Reilley— 6th Ward. N. A. Gilbert. J. B. Glenn— Tth Ward. Arthur 
Devine. H. Bowley— Sth Ward. John DaiTagh, E. Cowley— 9th Ward, H. 
M. Townsend, Frankhn Leonard— 10th Ward, C. B. Clark. G. L. Luce— 
11th Ward, C. H. Salisbury, Milton A. Gioss— 12th Ward, T. P. O'Shea. 
Henry Hoffman— 13th Ward. J. M. Curtiss, T F. Branch— 14th Ward, 
Frank Buettner, T.' G. Clewell— 1.5th Ward, J. W. Grimshaw, A. A. 
Axtell— 16th Ward, Albert Barnitz. A. K. Spencer— 17th Ward, A. H. 
Stone, W. F. Walworth— l8th Ward. W. H. Lutton, W. H. Lamprecht; 
solicitor, William Heisley; treasurer, S. T. Everett: civil engineer, B. F. 
Morse: clerk, W. H. Eckman; auditor. Henry Ford; street conmiis- 
sioiier, Frank Riele.v : superintendent of markets, Conrad Beek : police 
judge, P. F. Toung; police clerk. WUiiam Baxter: police prosecuting 
attorney, A. H. Lewis; superinteudent of poUce. J. W. Schmitt: presi- 
dent of fire commissioners. W. H. Radcliffe; chief of fire department, J. 
A. Bennett. 

SUPERIOR COURT OF CLEVELAND. 

The first court of this name was organized in 1848. and abolished bv 
the constitution of 1830. 

Sherlock J. Andrews was the only judge. 

Another court of the same name, with three judges, was established 
in 1873 and abolished in 1875; three judges being then added to the court 
of common pleas. 

The judges of the superior court were G^rshom M. Barber, Seneca O. 
Griswoldand James M. Jones. 

POSTMASTERS AT CLEVELAND— Wi(/i the Years o/ Ajiiiointment. 

Elisha Norton. 1803; John « alworth, 180(J; Ashbel W. IValworth, 1812; 
Daniel Kelley, 1816; Irad Kelley, 1816; Daniel Worley, 18^30; Aaron Bar- 
ker, 1840; Benjamin Andrews, 1841: Timothy P. Spencer, 1846; Daniel M. 
Haskell, 1849; I. U. Gray, 1853; Benjamin Harrmgton, 1857; Edwin 
Cowles, 1861; George A Benedict. 1865; John W Allen, 1870; N. B. Sher. 
win, 1875. 

COLLECTORS AT CLEVELANT)— TTftt Years of Ai>poiiitment. 

John Walworth, January 17, 1806; Ashbel W. Walworth, 1812; Samuei 
Starkweather, 1829; George B, Merwin, 1840; William Milford, 1841 : Smith 
Inglehart, 1845; C. L. Russell, 1849; Robert Parks, 1853; B. Brownell, 
1860; Charles L, Ballard, April. 1861; John C. Grannis, April, 1863; Pen- 
dleton G. Watmough, 1869; George W. Howe, 1877. 




/7/F.^/o 




^;^-tyL^f.^€^ 



BIOURAl'HICAL SKETCHES. 



327 



CHAPTER LXVI. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES 

J. W Alleu— S. J. Amlivns— W. W. Armstrong— E. I. Balilwiu— Me- 
lancthon Barnett— G. A. Benedict— H. F. Biggar— Willani Bowler— 
Alva Bradley — Francis Branch— Gains Burk— Stevenson Burke— Leon- 
ard Case— Selah Chamberlain— Henry Chisbohn— William Chisholm 
— Ahira Cobb— J. M. CofBnberry— William Collins— E. W. Cowles— 
Edwin Cowles— Samuel Cowles— D. W. Cross— John Crowell. 

JOHN W, ALLEN. 

John W. Allen was born in Litchfield, Connecticut, 
in 1802. He resided in Chenango county, XewYork, 
from 1820 to 1825, when he removed to Cleveland, 
where he has ever since lived. He was admitted to 
the bar the next year, and for several succeeding 
years was engaged in the active practice of his pro- 
fession. 

In 1831 Mr. Allen was elected president of the vil- 
lage of Cleveland, and was re-elected each of the suc- 
ceeding four years. During this time a great amount 
of grading and cutting down streets was done to 
facilitate access to and from the river; causing loud 
complaints from many property-owners, who thought 
nature had already arranged the grades about right. 
In 1835 he was chosen to the State senate, in which 
he served two years. In 183G he was elected to Con- 
gress, taking his seat at the extra session called in 
September, 1837, and in 1838 was re-elected. In 
1841 he was elected mayor of the city of Cleveland. 

Looking ahead to the probable necessities of the 
future, while in the legislature, he procured the pas- 
sage of an act to incorporate the "Cleveland, Colum- 
bus & Cincinnati Railroad Company," but the 
memorable financial collapse of 1837, extending 
through several subsequent years, prevented action 
upon it. In 184G the subject was revived, and after 
many struggles the company was organized, and Mr. 
Allen was chosen the first president. 

About that time "The State Bank of Ohio" was 
authorized, with branches in the principal towns of 
the State; five commissioners being appointed to ex- 
amine the applications, ascertain the means of the 
a])plicants, and determine whether the law had been 
complied with. Mr. Allen was selected as one of 
these commissioners. 

Another subject on which he was long and earnestly 
employed was the settlement of the claims of Ohio in 
regard to the public lands. At an early day Congress 
had granted to the State of Ohio every alternate sec- 
tion of the public lands for five miles in width, on 
each side of the line of the proposed Maumee canal, 
in aid of its construction, and had also granted half a 
million acres in aid of the Ohio canal, on which 
tliere were no public lands. This latter land was to 
be selected out of any unsold pul)lic territory. In 
making the selections of these lands, many mistakes 
were made through ignorance or carelessness, and 
many tracts to wliicii the State had no claim were 
sold the occupants of which were liable to be dis- 
possessed at any moment. 



The State had made two or three settlements with 
the general government, and its officers had thrice 
acknowledged satisfaction in full, but Mr. Allen, 
believing that some of the rules on which settlement 
was made were grossly erroneous, proposed to the 
legislature, in the winter of 1849-50, to make a 
thorough examination and revision of the whole busi- 
ness. That body consented, and the governor, under 
its authority, appointed Mr. Allen as the agent to do 
the work. For his compensation he was to have one 
third of any additional lands he might obtain; the 
State in no event to be called on for expenses of any 
kind. 

By getting the rules governing the former settle- 
ment modified or reversed, and thereby extending 
the scope of the grants, and by securing two acts of 
Congress, the last ceding to the State not only all 
the lands erroneously selected, but all the scattered 
remnants of government land in the State, Mr. 
Allen added one hundred and twenty thousand acres 
to the amount previously admitted by the govern- 
ment to belong to Ohio — and secured a perfect title to 
every acre of it. To accomplish this required five 
years of time, and involved a heavy outlay for ex- 
penses. 

LTufortunately for Mr. Allen, during all this time 
the State officers had gone on selling land, and when 
he had finished his work there was but little left, 
and that of slight value. After years of jiainful delay, 
he was compelled to take in money about one-sixth 
part of what his third of the land would have been 
worth had it been conveyed to him as agreed. This 
is the only case of practical repudiation with which 
the great State of Ohio stands chargeable, so far as 
now known. 

In 1870 ilr. Allen was appointed post master of 
Cleveland, and was re-appointed in 1874, Init resigned 
the position the following year. 

Mr. Allen was married, at Warren, Ohio, to Miss 
Anna Maria Perkins, who died the succeeding year. 
In 1830 he was married, at Lyme, Connecticut, to 
Miss Harriet C. Mathew, who is still living. 

Among the enterprising and energetic young men 
who lived in Cleveland in its early days, no one was 
more conspicuous or more serviceable in advancing 
the interests of the village and city than the subject 
of this sketch, according to the testimony of Cleve- 
land's oldest and most reliable inhabitants. 



SHEKLOCK J. ANDREWS. 

This gentleman, a sou of Dr. .lohn Andrews, was 
born in Wallingford, Xew Haven county, Connecti- 
cut, on the 17th of Xovember. 18(11. His father was 
a prominent physician of Wallingford, and in later 
years was a resident of Cleveland. The younger An- 
drews pursued his preparatory studies at the Episco- 
pal academy at Cheshire, Connecticut, and subse- 
quently entered Union college at Schenectady, New 
I York, whence he was graduated in 1821. 



328 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Subsequently he was employed as private secretary 
and assistant in chemistry by Professor Silliman, a 
relation which proved equally satisfactory to both. 
Professor Silliman says of him in his diary: "He was 
a young man of a vigorous and active mind, energetic 
and quick in his movements and decisions, with a 
warm heart and genial temper: of the best moral and 
social habits: a quick and skillful penman; an agree- 
able inmate of my family, in which we made him 
quite at home. * * * He continued about four 
years, serving with ability and the zeal of an affection- 
ate son. without whom I could scarcely have retained 
my place in the college." 

During the above engagement Mr. Andrews had 
studied law at the New Haven law school, and in 1825 
he removed to Cleveland where, after obtaining ad- 
mission to the bar, he commenced the practice of his 
profession in company with Judge Samuel Cowles. 
In 1828, he married Miss Ursula Allen of Litchfield, 
Connecticut, daughter of John Allen, a member of 
congress from that State, and sister of Hon. John 
W. Allen, of Cleveland. 

Soon after the retirement of Mr. Cowles, Mr. An- 
drews formed a partnership with John A. Foot, Esq., 
to which in 1837 Mr. James M. Hoyt, was admitted, 
the firm being Andrews, Foot and Hoyt, for many 
years among the most successful general practitioners 
in northern Ohio. In 1840 he was elected to reprer 
sent the Cleveland district in Congress and served one 
term, after which he was obliged, on account of im- 
paired health, to retire from public life and frbm the 
most active part of professional duty. He continued, 
however, to act as counsel and advocate in important 
cases until 1848, when he was elected judge of the 
superior court of Cleveland. In 1850 he was chosen 
a member of the convention to form the rfe,w bonsti- 
tution of Ohio, and rendered valuable service as a 
member of the committees on judiciary, revision and 
temperance. 

The new constitution having revised the judiciary 
system and dispensed with the superior court. Judge 
Andrews resumed his legal practice. In 1873 he was 
again chosen one of the members of the convention to 
revise the constitution of the State, having received the 
nominations of both the Eepublican and Democratic 
parties. His ripe experience and superior ability 
were here called into lequisition to aid in the im- 
provement of the judiciary system. He was made 
chairman of the committee having this matter in 
charge, a position which he filled in the most satis- 
factory manner. 

Judge Andrews early won great celebrity as an advo- 
cate, and for forty years held a place in the front rank 
of the bar of Ohio. In a cause in which he was satis- 
fied that he had justice and the law on his side, there 
was not an advocate in the State whose arguments 



were more nearly irresistible before a jury. He was 
unsurpassed in the use of those weapons so effective 
in debate— logic, sarcasm, wit, ridicitle and pathos, 
without ever descending to coarseness or invective. 
His legal opinions have ever been held in very high 
esteem, being distinguished for clear conceptions of 
the principles of law in their varied relations to prac- 
tical life, and evincing rare ability in judging as to 
the probable verdict of a jury on mixed questions of 
law and fact. Eminent for legal learning, he com- 
bined with accurate knowledge of precedents unfailing 
discernment of the underlying principles which in- 
vested them with lasting value. As a jury lawyer. 
Judge Andrews is permanently identified with the 
traditions of the bar and the history of legal practice 
in northern Ohio. 

The older lawyers still cherish vivid recollections of 
many cases when he was in full practice, in which his 
insight into character, his power to sift testimony 
and bring into clear relief the lines of truth, his abili- 
ty to state legal principles so as to be clearly compre- 
hensible by the jury, his humor, his wit, his pathos, 
his scorn of fratid, and his impetuosity in advocacy of 
the right, were all combined with such incisive ut- 
terance and such felicitous illustration as to make the 
deepest and most lasting impression upon all his hear- 
ers. By Universal consent he was recognized as hav- 
ing few equals and no superior. 

As- a judge he commanded the highest respect of 
all'. • His decisions were never influenced by personal 
or political predelectiens, and were given entirely ac- 
cording to the merits of the case and the requirements 
of the law. There is but a single record of any re- 
versal of his decisions by a higher court, and that 
was owing solely'to a clerical error made in the clerk's 
office. 

•"'in politics he took little active part. Although 
constantly identified with the Whig and Republican 
parties, his habitual conservatism prevented the ap- 
proval by him of any rash or extreme measures. 

Judge Andrews has through his long and active 
life commanded the highest respect as a man, a citi- 
zen, and a friend. We quote the following tribute 
by a life-long associate to his many excellent quali- 
ties: " Highly as Judge Andrews has adorned his 
profession, it is simply just to say that his unblem- 
ished character in every relation has equally adorned 
his manhood. He has ever been more than a mere 
lawyer. With a keen relish for historical and philo- 
sophical inquiry, a wide acquaintance with literature, 
and an earnest sympathy with all true progress in the 
present age, his life has also been practically subor- 
dinated to the faultless morality of Christianity. A 
community is truly enriched when it can present to 
its younger members such shining instances of suc- 
cess in honorable endeavor, and such sterling excel- 
lence in character and example.'' 





Yi^::^^'^irc-'^z-^ ty 



lUOCKAlMlICAL SKM'CBES. 



320 



WILLIAM W. ARMSTRONG. 

William \V. Armstrong, the editor-in-chief of the 
( 'k'velaml Plain Denier, and the president and prin- 
cipal stockholder of the Plain Dealer Printing Com- 
pany, was horn at Xcw Lisbon, Colnmbiana county, 
( >iiio, in the year 1S33. In 184r8, at the age of tifteen, 
he became an apprentice in a printing office at Tiffin, 
the county seat of Seneca county, lie worked at his 
chosen occupation until 1852, when his activity and 
ability caused him, though only nineteen years old, 
to be appointed registrar of the bank department of 
llic State treasurer's office, of which position he pcr- 
fiirmed the duties for two years to the entire satisfac- 
tion of his sujieriors. 

On retiring from the treasurer's office in 1854, 
young Armstrong returned to Tiffin, purchased the 
Seneca County Advertiser, published at that place, 
and entered on his majority and his editorial career 
al)out the same time. The young editor being an ar- 
dent nemocrat, the Advertiser was conducted as a 
Democratic organ of the strictest sect, and he being 
also a vigorous writer and a good business nnuiager 
be soon UKide his paper a power in northwestern Ohio. 
His strength in his party was manifested in 1802, 
wiien, although still but twenty-nine years old, he was 
elected by the Democracy secretary of State of Ohio. 
After he had served one term of two years the 
Ivcpublicans returned to power, and Mr. Armstrong 
was again at liberty to resume his favorite pursuit of 
journalism. lie accordingly, in 18*!5, purchased the 
material of the lately suspended CUevelaud Plain 
Ih'dler, and transferred his efforts to the metrojjolis 
of northern Ohio. Owing to the death of the la- 
mented J. W. Gray, and subse<|uent unskillful nnm- 
agemeut, the Plain Dealer had been brought into a 
very unfortunate condition, as was indicated by its 
suspension. It is a severe task to revive a deceased 
newspaper, yet Mr. Armstrong not only did that 
luit in a few years made the Plain Dealer o\w of the 
leading newspapers of the West. 

A clear, vigorous and ready writer, he naturally 
took a bold, aggressive course, and neither friends nor 
enemies ever had the slightest difficulty in knowing 
exactly what he meant. He showed himself on all 
occasions a Democrat of the old school of J;ickson 
.lud Hcntoh. unswerving in favor of State rights, 
home rule and hard money, and these time-honored 
principles he was prepared to maintain against all oi>- 
poneuts. 

His business nninagement of the I'hdn Dealer has 
been as sound as his political course has been vigorous; 
he has raised it from the lifeless condition in which 
he found it, until its circulation is now second only 
to that of the t'inciniiati Enipiirer among the Demo- 
cratic journals of Ohio, and its linances arc in the 
most nourishing condition. lie has lately transferred 
it to a stock company, l)Ut of that he is the i)resi<leiit 
and the directing power. 

What he is in his office he is out of it, a man of de- 
cided convictions and strong will, always a potent 



force in the councils of his party and in the commu- 
nity in which he resides. 



EL15ERT IRVING BALDWIN. 

So far as circumstances go to make men what they 
are, a happy combination of them is to have been 
born in New England of a race possessing Puritan 
blood and instincts; to have one's youth guided by 
the wisdom of pious and judicious parents; to recieve 
an education in the midst of those favorable influ. 
ences that exist in Eastern college towns; to be trained 
in business affairs by sturdy and capable merchants, 
and then to remove in early manhood to the West, 
where native generous impulses may be enlarged and 
where the most comprehensive views will find ample 
scope. Western cities are largely indebted for their 
enterprise and thrift to the presence and influence of 
such men, and Cleveland is especially favored in being 
the home of many who not only add to its importance 
as a commercial center, but contribute much to make 
it "the most beautiful city west of the Alleghanies." 
In the fall of 1853 the block on the corner of Snpe 
rior and Seneca streets was completed, the largest and 
most important business building then in the city. 
Here Messrs. E. I. Haldwin & Co. began the dry 
goods business, the manager and active partner, El- 
bert Irving Baldwin, coming hither from New York 
to reside. He had sjient his early life in New Haven, 
Connecticut, where he was born in 1829, and where 
he received the best educational advantages until 
about nineteen years of age, when a more active life 
seemed necessary, and he commenced his mereantilo 
career with Sanford and Allen, a leading dry goods 
house of that city. Determined to know by e.^peri- 
ence every plnuse of the business, he "began at the be- 
ginning" and i)assed through all grades to the position 
of confidential clerk. Removing to New York city 
in order t(j obtain a knowledge of more extended com- 
mercial pursuits, he was there employed by the old 
tirin of Tracy, Irwin & Co. 

When Mr. Baldwin came to Cleveland he found the 
[ielil well occupied, there being a very large number 
of dry goods houses in the city, most of them doing 
business on the old fashioned credit system, and fail- 
ures of course being common. The outlook was not 
favorable— the store he had engaged was said to be on 
the "wrong side" of the street, older merciiants pro- 
phesied a speedy failure, and competition was strong 
and unprincipled, going so far in its efforts to injure 
the young merchant as to circulate false reports con- 
cerning his credit. Yet his business constantly in- 
creased, and in a few months was lirinly established. 
Its history from that period to the present time, has 
been one of continued progress, every year witnessing 
a markcil increa.se over the former. From the begin- 
ning this lirm possessed the entire confidence of the 
largest and best morchants in the P'ast, and has never 
been obliged to ;isk the slightest extension or favor in 
the wav of credit. 



330 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



The first direct importation of foreign dry goods to 
a Western city was made in 1857, b)' Messrs. Baldwin 
& Co., and to them is largely due the introduction of 
modern and improved metliods of conducting business 
which are now very getierally adoi^ted by all good 
merchants. The rapid expansion of their retail busi- 
ness, some years since, decided them to abandon the 
general Jobbing trade and devote more attention to 
the distribution of goods among consumers, a stroke 
of policy which proved eminently successful. Per- 
haj)s no business requires greater talent to prosecute 
with profit than the management of a large emporium 
of dry goods. iS'^atural ability, self-reliance, good 
judgment and quick perception are necessary, and 
must be supiileniented by close application and un- 
swerving integrity. 

It is shown by the experience of this firm that an 
establishment for the sale of merchandise can be so 
conducted as to prove a pecuniary benefit to the city, 
and a means of elevating the tastes of the community, 
besides giving permanent and useful employment to 
large numbers of persons, who are surrounded by 
good influences, and instructed to regard honesty not 
only as the "best policy " but as absolutely essential 
to the holding of any position in the house. 

During the first thj-oe years of the existence of the 
firm, Mr. Silas I. Baldwin was associated with it as 
capitalist, and in the selection of active partners Mr. 
Baldwin has been extremely fortunate. Mr. Harry 
E. Hatch is widel}' known in this connection, a man 
of sterling worth and untiring energy, now represent- 
ing the house in Europe. 

Mr. Baldwin has never enjoyed vigorous health, 
but he has been able to carry the burden of this large 
business and has a thorough knowledge of its details. 
Of a naturally retiring disposition, and with a distaste 
for publicity, he has, while attending to the .active 
duties of liis business, taken time to continue his ac- 
quaintance with books, to cultivate his a?sthetic tastes, 
and to travel extensively in this country and in Eu- 
rope. An attendant of the Second Presbyterian 
church, of which he is an elder, he is not lacking in 
liberality to promote its usefulness, and every philan- 
thropic and Christian enterprise has his hearty and 
generous sympathy. 

Mr. Baldwm was married, in 18.55, to Miss Mary 
Jeannette Sterling, daughter of Oliver L. Sterling, 
of Lima, Livingston county. New York. Four of 
their children are living; the eldest, Elbert Francis 
Baldwin, being connected with his father's firm. 



MELANCTIION BARNETT. 

ilelancthon Barnett came to Cleveland in 1825, 
and for fifty-four years has been one of its best known 
citizens, his prominence as a business man and pub- 
lic official enduring to tiic day of his retirement 
from active life. He was born in Anienia, New York, in 



1789, and after a brisk experience in business in that 
State, during which he became a successful merchant, 
he removed in 1825 to Cleveland, in company with a 
Mr. May, with whom he became associated in store- 
keeping. In 1834 May & Barnett gave up their mer- 
cantile business and embarked in land speculations, 
which they carried on through many successful years. , 
In 1843 Mr. Barnett was chosen treasurer of Cuyahoga 
county, and held the office continuously for six years; 
attending meanwhile to his real estate business, and 
also filling for a portion of tliat time the station of 
justice of the peace. 

Upon retiring from public office, he was called to 
be a director of the City Bank. For several years 
jiast he has been a director of the Merchants' National 
Bank, and, although now aged upwards of ninety, 
he is still active and visits the hank daily. 

He was married at Cherry Valley, New York, in 
1815, to Miss Mary Clark, who died in Cleveland in 
1840. Of t;heir five children, there survive but two, 
Augustus Barnett, of Watertown, AVisconsin, and 
Gen. James Barnett, a member of the hardware firm 
of George Worthington & Co., of Cleveland. 



GEORGE A. BENEDICT. 

George A. Benedict, for many years editor-in-ciiief 
of the Cleveland Jlcrald, was a native of Jefferson 
county. New York; having been born in Watertown 
on the 5th of August, 1813. He was descended fj-om 
good revolutionary stock — his grandfathers, paternal 
and maternal, having both served in the war of Inde- 
pendence. His preparatory studies were pursued at 
Pittsfield, Massachusetts, after which he entered Yale 
College. While attending that institution he became 
involved in the celcl)rated college rebellion of 1830, 
and, with a large number of students, left without 
graduating. Twenty-five years afterward the college, 
without his knowledge, conferred on him tiie honor- 
ary degree of A. M. 

When about eighteen years of age he commenced 
the study of law with Judge Robert Lansing, in 
Watertown, finishing his studies in the office of 
Sterling & Bronson. He was admitted to practice in 
New York, and in 1835 removed to Cleveland, where 
he entered the office of Andrews & Foot, being also 
for a short time in that of John W. Allen. He 
was admitted to practice in the Ohio courts in 1836, 
and immediately afterward formed a partnership 
with John Erwin, under the firm name of Erwin i^ 
Benedict. This partnership was dissolved after three 
years, when Mr. Benedict formed a new one with 
James K. Hitchcock; the firm of Benedict & Hitch- 
cock continuing until 1848. In 1842 he was city attor- 
ney, and the following year was a member of tiie city 
council, being also made president of tliat body. In 
1848 Mr. Benedict was appointed clerk of the supe- 
rior court of Cleveland, but, on the adoption of the 
new constitution, that court was abolished. 




Xy^r/3^:^. 



BIOOnAPHICAL SKHTCHES. 



331 



Mr. Benedict tlien jyurcliascd an interest in the 
Cleveland JlcraUl, beconiinj^ a copartner with Messrs. 
.f. A. Karris and A. W. Fairbanks. This arrange- 
ment continued for several years until, upon the re- 
lii-enieiit of Mr. Harris, Mr. Reiicdiet became editor- 
in-chief. His editorial career was characterized by 
the expression of his iionest convictions, by a determ- 
ination not to allow the columns of the paper to be 
the vehicle of personal prejudice or private spite, and 
by a desire to be just to all, no matter what differences 
of opinion might exist. He gave, without exception, 
any one who fancied himself aggrieved the oppor- 
tunity of setting himself right, in a proper mannei', 
in the columns in which the alleged injury was com- 
mitted. In addition to his editoral ability Mr. Ben- 
edict was one of the few really good writers of occa- 
sional newspaper letters, and during his absences from 
home his letters to the Ihrnhl were looked for with 
interest and read with pleasure. 

Although taking a strong interest in political mat- 
ters, as the editor of a political journal he uniformly 
confined his attention to the journalistic feature of 
))olitics and never sought nor desired j)olitical prefer- 
ment. Formerly a member of the Whig party, he, 
u|)on the formation of the Republican party, espoused 
its principles and supported its organization. 

In 180.5 Postmaster-General Dennison, unsolicited, 
tendered him the nomination as postmaster at Cleve- 
land. The office was accepted anil held for one term. 
He refused a rea])pointment, believing that it was 
not best that the editor of a {)olitical journal should 
hold a political office. In addition to his interest in 
the Herald he was a stockholder in several of the 
manufacturing concerns of the city. 

During the rei)ellion he was an earnest and energetic 
su])port»i' of the Union. His only son entered the 
United States navy, and was in some of the most im- 
portant work on the Atlantic coast and in the (iulf of 
Mexico. 

Mr. Benedict died, suddenly, on tlie l-.Mh of .May. 
ls)(J, of heart disease. The news of his death was re- 
ceived with unaffected sorrow by his business associates, 
his employees and his large circle of devoted friends. 
He had been a member of St. PauTs Episco])al church 
from its organization, and for niany years was con- 
nected with its vestry. A liberal contributor tochari- 
table and benevolent enter|)riscs, an active promoter of 
the best interests of tiic city, and a kind and considerate 
associate and employer, he was respected and esteemed 
l)y all with whom lie was brought in contact. Warm 
hearted, and far ipiicker to apologize and atone for 
an injury to others than to take offense at one to him- 
self, he had many friends antl few enemies. 

Mr. Benedict was married on the 12th day of June, 
1839, to Sarah F. Rathbone, of Brownville, .Jefferson 
county, Xew York, by whom he had three children. 
His only son, (ieoi'ge S. Benedict, who after leaving 
the naval service had become connected with the busi- 
ness deimrtment of the Herald, was. killed in a rail- 
way accident on the Gth of February, 1871. 



HAMILTON FISK BIGGAR. 

Dr. Hamilton F. Biggar was born in the village 
of Oakville, Upper Canada, on the l.itli of March, 
1839. His grandfather, Robert Biggar, was a native 
of Scotland, born in Dumfries, and a member of an 
ancient and numerous family, the Biggars of Biggars- 
town, Dumfries — the family being mentioned in 
"Scottish Queens" as "ancient and of good repute." 
He was educated for a clergyman of tlie Scotch church, 
though he ultimately gave his attention to farming. 
He married Mary Lander by whom he had eleven chil- 
dren. His son, Hamilton Biggar, was born in Queens- 
town, Canada, in 1800, served faithfully for many 
years as a pastor of the Wesleyan Methodist Church, 
from which, late in life, he was superannuated. He 
married Eliza Phelps Racy, daughter of James Racy, 
Esq., of Brantford, Ontario. They had a large fam- 
ily of children, of whom the subject of this sketch is 
the fourth. 

Hamilton F. Biggar attended the public schools 
until eleven years of age, when he was apprenticed to 
the mercantile business with Richard Senior, of Avre, 
Canada. Not liking this, he left the shop and re- 
turned to school for two years. He then attended for 
one year a grammar school in Brantford, Ontario, 
conducted byR. J. Tyner, M.A., after which he again 
engaged in mercantile pursuits. Not finding this 
business adapted to his tastes and abilities, he deter- 
mined to obtain a thorough education, and at the 
expiration of two years entered the University of 
Victoria, at Coburg. Graduating from that institu- 
tion as Bachelor of Arts, in 1803, he immediately af- 
terwards commenced the study of law in the office of 
John Cameron, Esq., of Brantford, and passed his 
primary examination for a b;irristor-at-law, at Osgood 
Hall, Toronto, Canada. 

Abandoning his legal studies he at length decided 
to enter the medical j)rofession, and accordingly came 
to Cleveland in the fall of 1804, entering the Homo'o- 
pathic College, from which he graduated in the spring 
of 18GG. He then attended for a time the principal 
hospitals of New York and Philadelphia, after which 
he returned to Cleveland, ojjened an office and en- 
tered upon the practice of his profession. Before 
graduating he received the appointment of adjunct 
professor of surgery in the Honueopathic College, 
and has subse(|uently held, at different times, other 
important aiipointments in that institution. He was 
a professor of anatomy and clinical surgery for seven 
years, and then of clinical surgery with o[ieration.s, 
when he resigned. For many yetirs he lield the office 
of registrar of the college, which he was also obliged 
to resign on account of the nuiltij)licity of his jtrofes- 
sional duties. 

At the present time he occupies the chair of surgical 
diseases of women and clinical surgery. For two 
years in succession he was offered and declined the 
ciiair of surgery in the Homeojiathic deiiariinent of 
tlie University of Michigan, at Ann Arbor. As a 
physician aud surgeon he has established a wide-sjiread 



332 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



rei)utation, :ind is in the enjoyment of an extensive 
practice. Of progressive ideas and energetic cliar- 
acter, he has invariably performed the duties of liis 
different appointments with equal energy and ability. 
As a clinical lecturer he takes high lank, and in the 
field of surgery is thoroughly at home. 

Since the oi)ening of the Workhouse in Cleveland Dr. 
Biggar has had sole charge of the health of its inu)ates. 
This is a large institution, and as its annual reports 
show, not the least of its noticeable advantages over 
other houses of its kind, is the possession of a medical 
government which cannot be improved, as is proven 
by results. Li all charitable enterprises Dr. Biggar's 
name is found as a conscientious worker; and that he 
is the chief instigator and supporter of a very large 
charity connected with his profession is well known, 
though his name does not so ajjpear. 

Dr. Biggar has, more than any other medical man 
in Cleveland, advocated the raising of the standard of 
medical education. Very liberal in his views, and wil- 
lingly opening the way for all to attain a medical 
education, he has yet faithfully endeavored to have 
more stringent rules enforced, so that none could 
study medicine without a suitable preparatory educa- 
tion; and, more than all, so that none sliould receive a 
diploma from a college until he had shown a right to 
it founded on study and ability. 

In politics he has taken but little interest, but is 
active in the support of schools, as a means to that 
higher education he so constantly advocates. He is 
a member of Trinity (Episcopal) church, and as a 
citizen he has earned and holds the respect of all. 



WILLIAM BOWLEH. 

William Howler was born in Carli.-<le, Schoharie 
county, New York, on the Sotli of Marcli, 1832. llis 
parents were of genuine Xew England stock. His 
father, (!. L Bowler, was a native of Newport, Rhode 
Island: was born in 1781, and died in Cleveland, 
Ohio, in his eighty-eighth year. In early life he com- 
manded a company of militia and always retained the 
title of "•Captain." He married Susan Barber, who 
was born in Middletown, Connecticut, in 1782. They 
had a family of fourteen children — seven boys aiid a 
like number of girls — all of whom lived to the age of 
nuinhood and womanhood. 

In 1833 they removed to Ohio, and landed in Cleve' 
land — coming from Buffalo on the lake — in May of 
that year; subsecpicntly settling in Auburn, (ieauga 
county. 

The subject of this notice received his education in 
the common and select schools of that town. On 
leaving school he was apprenticed to learn the trade 
of a tanner and currier, but never followed the busi- 
ness after his apprenticeship expired. He also taught 
school several terms. In 1851 he removed to Cleve- 
land where he was first employed in a ship-yard, 
as book-keeper for Calkins & Searle, and afterwards, 
in the same capacity, for the old and well-known lirm 



of Quayle & Martin, which carried on an extensive 
business from 1851 to 1858. 

In the spring of 1858 he was elected appraiser of 
the city of Cleveland west of the Cuyahoga river, 
and filled that office in a most satisfactory manner. 
In the meantime he kept books for the large marble 
works of Myers, Uhl & Co. for two years, and in 
18(11 was appointed inspector and deputy collector of 
customs for the river-office at the port of Cleveland. 
This position he held seven years when he resigned. 
His resignation was accepted with regret, for the 
duties of that office had been discharged in such a 
manner as to gain the approbation of all concerned. 

In 18C3 he entered into partnership with his broth- 
er, X. P. Bowler, in the iron business, and they sub- 
seipiently received Thomas Maheras a member of the 
firm. They owned a small foundry on Center street 
which was called the " Cleveland Foundry " — a name 
it still retains. Mr. N. P. Bowler and Mr. Maher 
devoted their time entirely to the bnsiness and were 
amply rewarded liy the success which crowned their 
efforts. The former attended to the office work; the 
latter was a practical mechanic, and the unusual pros- 
perity of the firm was in a great measure due to his 
ability. He possessed great skill as a moulder and 
understood melting and mixing the different kinds of 
iron. 

They soon purchased a block on AVinter street, 
where they erected a large brick shop, for making 
soft or machine castings, and a car-wheel foundry. 
In 1870 Mr. C. A. Brayton was admitted as a mem- 
ber uf the firm, and the business was carried on under 
the firm name of Bowlers, Maher & Brayton. The 
car-wheel foundry was enlarged so as to turn out from 
sixty to one hundred wheels per day. In the spring 
of 18C8 Mr. Bowler purchased a third interest in the 
Globe Iron Works, a large machine shop and foundry 
situated on the west side of the river, which he dis- 
posed of in Februaiy of the following year, and started 
the firm of Lord, Bowler & Co. They first carried on 
their business in a building on the corner of Colum- 
bus and Center streets, but subsequently bought of 
Messrs. Younglove tS: Massey the agricultural build- 
ings on Center street, and immediately ])ut up their 
present shojJS, employing, in good times, about sixty 
hands. 

Lord, Bowler & Co. do all kinds of machine work, 
but make a specialty of stationary engines, of which 
they have manufactured a large number. Their 
"Standard engine " is of a new style, su])ei'ior in many 
respects, and has been tested in various mechanical 
industries with unexceptionably favorable results. 
They built the engines for the Northern Ohio Insane 
Asylum and the Workhouse in Cleveland; some large 
ones for flouring mills in Bellevue and Shelby, Ohio, 
and Hillsdale, Michigan: and a still larger one (four 
hundred horse power) for the shops of the Standard 
Oil Co., Cleveland. 

Samuel Lord, the senior jjartner of tlie firm, has 
been a resident of Cleveland for thirty years. He 



BIGG KAPIUGAL SKETCHES. 



333 



jjosscsses more than onlinury mechanical ability, and 
was made foreman of the siiops in which lie learned 
his trade, before his apjjrenticeship had exjiired. In 
1S")4 he assisted in establishing the Globe Iron Worlds, 
in which he owned an interest, and acted in capacity 
of foreman until he became associated with Mr. 
Howler. J. II. Johnson, the third menil)er of the 
linn, is a j)ractical macliinist, and was enijiioyed in 
the Cleveland, Coluinltus, Cincinnati and Indianapo- 
lis I'ailroad shops for seventeen years previons to his 
association with Lord, Howler & ('o. J. W. Pearce, 
who lias recently become a member of the establish- 
iiient, is a ijiadiiate of Greenwich Naval College, 
Kngland, and lias been with the firm six years as 
ilnuiglitsnian and bookkec|ier. 

In addition to his other property Mr. Howlei' has 
the jirineipal interest in the firm of Bowler & Bur- 
dick, importers and wholesale dealers in jeweli'y and 
watches. They have a large trade; doing a yearly 
liusiness of from $50,000 to *75,0O0. 

During the war Mr. Howler was active and liljeral 
in snjiport of the government. lie furnished a sub- 
stitute to the army without draft or forcing, and coii- 
tril)uted freely to the aid of soldiers and to their 
families at home. Two of his brothers enlisted in the 
service; Charles P. Bowler was in Company C of the 
Seventh Ohio infantry, and was killed at the battle 
of Cedar Mountain; and John K. Bowler was an 
assistant paymaster in the navy. 

For tJie past fifteen years he has been less active in 
jiolitics than during the previons (juarter of a eentui'v, 
though not neglecting any of the duties of a citizen. 
He has transferred iiis active labors to the field of 
lienevolent work, in which he has done noble service. 
The Bethel work has enlisted his symjiathics and aid 
to a considerable extent. 

In 1854 Mr. Bowler united him.self with the order 
of Odd Fellows, entering Erie Lodge, No. 27, one of 
the first in the State. He has always been one of the 
most valued and trusted members of the order in this 
locality. 

For tliir*y-live years he lias lieeii a member of the 
Disciple church. He served as Sunday school sujier- 
iiilendent and w.-is a liberal giver to this work, as well 
as to the chnrclies and other religious institutions. 
He was also an active member of the Young Men's 
Christian Association, and has freijuently aided wor- 
thy young men striving honorably for advancement, 
many of whom in Cleveland revert with feelings of 
gratitude to his kindness in the hour of need. 
His success in life was the result of steady jiei'sever- 
auce, prudent man.agement and honest ])riiici|ile. 

He has been a resident of Cleveland for nearly thirty 
years; in social or business relations has always com- 
manded the respect of those with whom he lias been 
brought in contact, and tlirouglioul life has liorne ;in 
unlilemished reputation. 

Mr. Bowler was married on the 30tli of August, 
1840. to Miss Mary B., daughter of Jedediah Hub- 
bell, who died on the I'.tth of .launary, 1854. In Octo- 



ber, 1855, he was married to Mrs. Annie Scarr, by 
whom he had two children — Edith, who died in in- 
fancy, and Frank W,, his only living child. This lady 
died on the 13th of July, 18li2. He married bis 
])resent wife, Miss M. L. Robinson, on the lOtli of 
Sejitember, 18G7. 



.\LV.v i!K.vi)r>i:v 

Captain Alva Bradley, one of the leading ship- 
owners of the West, has resided in Ohio since 18^3 
and in Cleveland since 1859. Hi^ was born of New 
England parents November 27, IHl 1, in Kilington, 
T(dland county, Connecticut, aiul when nine yeai-s 
old accompanied his parents to Ohio; whither his 
father, Leonard, turned his footstcjis as to a place 
offering richer inducements to the agricallurist than 
could b'j found on the hills of New England. The 
journey was made by wagon to Albany, thence by canal 
to within fifty miles of Buffalo, and from that place 
on a sailing vessel, from which the family landed at 
Cleveland in Sejitember, 18:^3. Without delaying in 
the then embryo Forest City they passed on to Brown- 
helm, Lorain county, and settled upon a farm. Alva 
spent the years until he was nineteen in laboring uji- 
on his father's place — receiving but a limited school 
education meanwhile — but becoming inclined for a 
sailor's life, he left the farm and shijiped aboard the 
schooner "Liberty," of about fifty tons, owned by 
Norman Moore and plying between Buffalo and other 
Lake Erie ports. 

A life on the lakes suited him so well that he de- 
termined to stick to it. He sailed successively after 
that on the "Young Leopard,'" "Edward Bancroft," 
"Expiess" and "Commodore Lawrence," and so 
jirospeied that in 1841 he utidertook, in com2)any 
with Ahira Cobb, now of Cleveland the construc- 
tion (if the schooner "South America" of one 
hundred and four tons. They built her on the Ver- 
million I'iver, and Captain Bradley, taking command, 
sailed her in the Lake Ei'ie ti'ade for the ensuing three 
seasons. This venture in ship-building he followed 
with others of a similar character, after transferring 
the "South America" to his cousin, Sheldon Bradley, 
who Sidled her one season, and the ne.xt, with all on 
board, went down with her in a storm. 

Cajitain Bradley and Mr. Cobb built on the \'er- 
million — after the "South America" — the sailing 
vessels " Birmingham," " Ellington" and "Oregon," 
and the steam iiropeller "Indiana,"' and Cai)tain Brad- 
ley successively commanded them. His hist service 
as a lake captain was performed on board the schoon- 
er "Oregon," from which he retired in 1852, after a 
continuous experience on the lakes, between Buffalo 
and Chicago, of fifteen years. In the last named year 
he made his home at the mouth of tlie Vermillion, 
where he continued the business of ship building, 
solely, however, as heretofore, for the ])uri)ose of put- 
ting the vessels into the lake trade on his own account 
or in joint interest with others. In 185!i he changed 



334 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



his residence to Clevelund, but continued ship build- 
ing on the Vermillion until 1868, when he removed 
his ship yards to Cleveland, where between 1868 and 
187-4 he built twelve vessels — including those pro- 
pelled by sail and steam. 

As already observed, Captain Bradley placed his 
vessels in trade as fast as constructed, and became in 
the course of a brief time, an important ship owner. 
He transacted a large and valuable business as a 
freight carrier on the great lakes, and in that depart- 
ment of commerce has been conspicuously identified 
with the lake marine since 1841. His interests in 
that line, now of considerable magnitude, engage his 
active attention, and he gives to all his undertakings 
his closest personal supervision. He is of a truth one 
of Cleveland's busiest workers, and, although verging 
toward three score and ten, retains in a remarkable 
degree the energy and watchfulness that have been 
the principal causes of his success. 

Captain Bradley's parents died in Brownhelm upon 
the old homestead, where a brother and sister still 
reside. He was married in 1851 to Miss Ellen M., 
daughter of John Burgess, of Milan, Ohio, and of 
the children born to them there survive one son and 
three daughters. 



FRANCIS BRANCH. 

Francis Branch, son of Seth and Rachael (Hurd) 
Branch, was born on the 5th of June, 1812, at Middle 
Haddam, Connecticut. His father, Seth Branch, 
was a native of the same place, having been born' on 
the 31st of March, 1779, and having been married in 
1805 to Rachael Hurd. He removed to Ohio in 1818, 
and settled on what is now known as Brooklyn Hights, 
Cleveland. There were but few houses in the neigh- 
borhood at that time, and Mr. Branch was considered 
very fortunate in securing shelter for his family in 
the home of Judge Barber, until a dwelling could be 
erected. His trade was that of a ship-cai'penter, 
which he, however, did not follow after coming West; 
being engaged in clearing and cultivating his farm. 
He died on the 11th of August, 1825, at the prema- 
ture age of forty-six; leaving as a legacy to his family 
only their home in the forest and a name respected 
by all. He had five children born in Connecticut, 
viz: John S., born January 9, 1806; Mary, born 
October 21, 1807; Susan M., born May 5, 1810; 
Francis, the subject of this notice, and Jane, born 
March 4, 1815. Of these, Mary and Susan M. died 
in infancy, and two other children born in Ohio re- 
ceived their names, viz: Mary H., born December 31, 
1817, and Susan M., born September 3, 1832. 

Francis Branch remained at home until the death 
of his father, after which he was apprenticed to a 
ship-carpenter; John, his elder brother, taking charge 
of the farm. He followed this trade until 1837. In 
that year he was married (on the 21st of October) to 
Sarah Slaght, daughter of Abraham D. Slaght, and, 
his brother dying, he soon afterward removed to the 



homestead on Brooklyn Hights. He then engaged in 
agriculture and dairying; meeting with fair success in 
both. He was also one of the first milk-sellers in that 
locality, and, after a time, carried on ijuite an exten- 
sive traffic in that line. 

In 1850 Mr. Branch sold the farm, which had be- 
come quite valuable, and in May, 1851, removed to a 
residence on Scranton avenue, where he lived until 
his death, which occurred on the 4th of November, 
1877. 

Mr. Branch was eminently a self-made man. Los- 
ing his father when only fourteen years old, he was 
thus thrown upon his own resources, and with a lim- 
ited education accpiired a fortune and won an honor- 
able place in the community. He was Republican in 
politics, and held various township offices, besides 
serving three terms as county commissioner. In pub- 
lic improvements he always took an active interest, 
and was a liberal contributor to all local enterprises. 
Throughout life he maintained a high character for 
integrity and honor, while his many excellent cpiali- 
tiesand unassuming manners won the resi)ect of all. 
Mr. and Mrs. Branch have but one child — Josephine 
L., born November 10, 1838. She was mai-ried to 
J. S. Hartzell on the 20th of May, 1865. They also 
have an ado|ited son, who was born May 28, 1840, 
and was married November 8, 1876, to Miss Mary A. 
Cornwall, of Cleveland. 



GAIUS BURK. 

The father of (!aius Burk was among the first of 
that little band of hardy pioneers who penetrated into 
northern Ohio about the beginning of the nineteenth 
century, and of its wilderness made a fruitful garden. 
The youth and early manhood of Gains were passed 
amid the struggles and hardshijjs of the frontier, 
while his entire life, save ten of its earliest years, 
was closely identified with the rise and growth of 
Cuyahoga county, which was yet a thing of the 
future when the boy of ten set foot in Ohio. 

He was born of old New England stock, in North- 
ampton, Massachusetts, June 31, 1791, and thence 
journeyed at a tender age with his parents to Her- 
kimer county. New York. Sylvanus Burk, his 
father, was a farmer, and, turning a wistful eye 
toward the great West, which was then beginning to 
invite attention to its boundless acres, he determined 
to be a Western jiioneer. Setting out from his New 
York home with his wife and ten children, bestowed 
in a two-horse wagon, he steered his course for Cleve- 
land, and traveled without eventful incident until 
Erie was reached, when, one of his horses dying, he 
abandoned the highway, and with all his family save 
two children — Gains and a daughter — whom he left 
in care of Reed, the Erie landlord, he made the rest 
of the trip via Lake Erie in an open boat. Without 
tarrying long in Cleveland they proceeded to Euclid, 
where, in the spring of 1802, they received the two 
children who had remained at Erie — the little ones 



'I 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



335 



having made the journey from that place across tlio 
country on liorscback, in company with a band of 
Western traveh-rs. 

Once nio!-e comidete, tlie family were soon a;j:ain on 
llie move, tiirniiiii; toward what is now Independence 
township, ill wiiieli they were the lirst while settlers, 
and in which, it may be remarked, they were nil 
prostrated on the .same day, .soon after their arnval, 
with fever and ague. This was emphatically a dis- 
heartening commencement, but tliey bore it doul)t- 
less with the philosopliic resignation common to pio- 
neer days. A three-years stay in Indcjiendence, how- 
ever, brought a desire for a change of location, and so, 
in 1805, they moved to wliat is now the village of 
Newburg, where Mr. Burk purchased one hundred 
acres of land for which he agreed to pay two dollars 
and a half an acre. Tliis payment his two sons, 
Kra/.ilia H. and (iaius, undertook to make for him 
liy carrying the government mail over the route from 
Cleveland to Hudson, Deerfield and Ashtal)ula. 
(iaius was a lad of fourteen and his brother but a 
tiitle older, and tliat they had the spirit to undertake 
and the courage to fulfil the arduous task is con- 
vincing proof that the pioneer boys were composed of 
the material that made mfti, and men too of the sort 
iiiiich needed then. Once a week for three years the 
boys carried the mail afoot, and during their entire 
term of service faithfully performed every detail of 
tlieir contract, albeit their journeys were not only 
laborious and tiresome ones through an almost un- 
broken wilderness, but were beset moreover with suf- 
licient dangers to appal much older persons. 

After completing his mail contract (iaius busied 
himself at clearing land, and it was while engaged in 
that work, in 1815, that by the fall of a tree upon 
him he lost his leg, and was otherwise so crippled that 
ever after he was deprived also of the use of his right 
arm. Discouraged, niayhaj), but not disheartened, 
he set himself thereafter to do the best he could, and, 
entering the public arena, was chosen constable. His 
services were appreciated, his popularity waxed strong, 
and after serving as collector under Treasurer Baldwin 
fiu- several years, he was in 1828 elected county treas- 
urer for t wo years, (being tlie second to iiold that office) 
anil at tiio expiration of that time was re-elected for 
another term. 

Mr. Burk was a man of decided intelligence and 
unswerving integrity, and kept in every rcsjject not 
onlv al)reast but ahead of the time in which he lived, 
'i'lie Wbig I'arty claimed his staunch adherence until 
its dissolution, and after that he was a faithful fol- 
lower of I{epublicanism, to whose principles he 
was attached until his death. Having by active par- 
ticipation in tlie events which marked the wonderful 
progress of liis adopted home, earned tiie luxury of 
ri'st, he passed the evening of his life u])on the old 
homestead in Newburg in ipiiet ease, and died there 
on the "-iOth of August, 1805, where his father and 
mother had i>;ussed away before him. 

He was married in 181'.) to So])liia, daughter of 



Philo Taylor, a pioneer settler of Rockport as well as 
of Dover. Of the seven children born of the union, 
the four survivors are Oscar M. and Augustus M., 
cliief proprietors of the Lake Shore Foundry in 
Cleveland, and Lucy J. Webster and Helen l?urke, 
both residing in Kansas. The eldest son, Harvey, 
was elected treasurer of Cuyahoga county in 1800, 
and died in 1801, while holding that office. A daugh- 
ter, Mrs. Justina M., wife of Dr. V. II. Woilcy. died 
in Davenport, Iowa, in 1875. 



STEVENSON liUKKE. 

Hon. Stevenson Burke was born in St. Lawrence 
county. New York, November 20, 1820. In March, 
1834, his father removed from New York to Ohio, 
and settled in North Ridgeville, Lorain county, 
where he resided till the time of his decease, in Au- 
gust, 1875. The subject of this sketch had in early life 
such facilities as the common schools of the time 
afforded, which consisted of about ninety days of very 
indifferent instruction in the winter, and none during 
the rest of the year. At about the age of si.xteen he 
had the benefit of instruction in a very good select 
school at Ridgeville Center; afterwards he studied 
several terms in a private school, conducted by T. M. 
Oviatt, at Elyria. Later still, he studied a year or so 
at Delaware University, and at Delaware, in 1846, he 
began the study of law with Messrs. Powell & Buck. 
In the spring of 1848 he returned to Elyria and com- 
jdeted his studios, preparatory to admission to the bar, 
under the instruction of Hon. H. D. Clark, being ad- 
mitted by the supreme court on the Utli of August, 
1848, when he commenced i)ractice at Elyria. In 
April, 184!t, Mr. Clark, who was then one of the most 
prominent and successful lawyers at the bar of Lorain 
county, admitted him into a copartnership, which 
continued till May, 1852. 

We have thus in a few lines sketched the career, 
until the time when he commenced the practice of the 
law alone, of one who for more than twenty-live years 
has! occupied a very prominent position at the bar in 
northern Ohio. From 1852 to February, 1802, Mr. 
Burke devoted him.self to the practice of his profession 
with such zeal and devotion to the interests of his 
clients, as to merit and command success. There 
were few cases tried in the court of common pleas or 
district court of Lorain county, or in the supreme 
court, taken from Lorain county, in which he was not 
engaged. His industry and attention to business 
were (piite remarkable. He spent no time in idle- 
ness, and his patrons were always sure to find him 
in his ofUce in business hours, unless engaged in 
his duties elsewhere. His elo.se attention to business 
and .sedentary hal)it3 seriously affected his health, and 
in 1801 he found it so very much impaired as to 
render a change of occu])ation necessary; and his 
friends having secured his election as one of the 
judges of the court of common pleas of the fourth 
judicial district of Ohio, he gave up his practice 



336 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



and entered upon the discliarge of liis duties as 
judge. 

After serving a term of five years to the satisfaction 
of the l)arand the people, ho was again elected in 18GG 
to the same oflBce. He served, however, but two ye.ars 
of his second term, when, having regained his health, 
he resigned his position as judge, on the 1st of Jan- 
uary, 1860, and at once commenced the practice of law 
in Cleveland, in partnership with Hon. F. T. Backus 
and E. J. Estep, Esq. Mr. Backus died in 1870, but 
the partnershij) with Mr. Estop continued until the 
spring of 1875, since when Judge Burke has practiced 
alone. His practice in Cleveland has been a very suc- 
cessful one. He has been constantly engaged in the 
courts and in his office, and during the last ten years 
has probably tried as many cases of importance, involv- 
ing largo amounts of money or property, as any lawyer 
in northern Ohio. He has during that period argued 
many cases in the supreme court of the State of Ohio, 
several in the United States supreme court, and also 
in the supreme courts of adjoining States. The history 
of the profession in northern Ohio furnishes few cx- 
amjjles of a more successful practice. 

In addition to his professional business, Judge 
Burke has devoted much attention to other matters; 
he is now, and has been for several years past, a 
director, and chairman of the finance and executive 
committee, of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati 
and Indianapolis Railway Company, and is its general 
counsel, lie lias held for several years and still holds 
the position of director, general counsel, and chairman 
of the linauee and executive committee, of the Cleve- 
land and Mahoning Valley Railway Company, and he 
is also the representative in this country of all the 
stock of the last-named company; it being owned in 
Euroiie. He is likewise the repres(mtativeof the own- 
ers of the stock of the Shenango and Allegheny Rail- 
road Company, and also of the Mercer Mining and 
Manufacturing Company, and a director in both of the 
last-named companies. He has been for some time a 
director of the Cincininiti, Springlield and Indian- 
apolis and the St. Louis railroad companies. He has 
also for several years been a director of the Lake Shore 
Foundry, and a director and the president of the Cleve- 
land and Snow Pork Coal Com])any, l)()th large cor- 
porations. 

The foregoing is a hrii'l' oiitliuo of an oxtronielv ac- 
tive professional and business life. It is too early yet 
to compare the sul)ject of this sketch with otlicrs, or 
to go into detail in regard to his professional, judicial 
and l)usiness career; he is still in the jn-ime of life. 
Time has dealt gently with him, and his apjiearance 
indicates that he has many years of activity still bo- 
fore him. 



LEONARD CASE. 
The name of Leonard Case will long be held in 
;rat('ful renienibrance in the citv of Cleveland, to 



the early prosperity of which he was an active con- 
tributor, and for the benefit of which so much of the 
property he acquired has lately been devoted through 
the generosity of his son bearing the same name. 
He was born in Westmoreland county, Pennsylva- 
nia, on the 2nth of July, 1784. In the year 1800 
he accompanied his father to Trumbull county, 
Ohio, where the latter located on a farm near 
Warren. Young Leonard was then sixteen yeai's of 
age, and, as the eldest son, assumed, in the invalid 
condition of iiis father, the chief management nt 
affairs on the farm. 

Avery severe illness left the youth a cripple in 1801, 
and seeing, therefore, that his days as a farmer were 
over, he turned his attention to educating himself ;is 
a surveyor. By the aid of means gained by such 
mechanical labors as he could perfoi-rn, he ac(|uired 
from books a fair knowledge of the business. 
In 180lj he obtained employment in the land com- 
missioner's office at Warren, where his efforts won 
him favorable notice, and created valued friends, Mr. 
John n. Edwards, recorder of the county, being one 
of the most steadfast. lender his advice young Case 
acquired sufficient knowledge of the law to be admit- 
ted to the liar. 

During the war of 1812 Mr. Case was appointed to 
collect the Uixes of non-residents on tiie Western 
Reserve, and in 1810 was called to CHeveland to be 
cashier of the newly organized Commercial Bank of 
Lnke Vjv'w. To his banking business he added 
the occupations of lawyer and land agent. After 
leaving the bank he devoted himself assiduously 
to the pursuits just named, and after 1834 gave all 
his time lo the laud business, in which he actjuired a, 
very large fortune. Mr. (Jase took a warm interest in 
tlie progress of Cleveland, contributed liberally to ail 
public improvements, and is said to have begun the 
work of planting the trees, the luxuriant foliage <if 
which now so pleasantly shade the thoroughfares of 
the Forest City. From 1821 to 1825 he was presi- 
dent of Cleveland village, and was the first auditor of 
Cuyahoga county. He was a warm advocate of the 
canals in the State legislature, and was one of the 
projectors of the Clevelatul, ('olunilius and Cinciiinali 
railway. , 

His fortune inei-eased willi his age, but it did not, 
as in so many cases, harden his iieart. or close his 
hand, and every good cause found in him a generous 
friend. He died on the 7tii of December, 18G4, leav- 
ing a very large amount of licjth real and jiersonal 
estate, which passed to his only surviving son, also 
named Leonard Case. That the latter has inherited 
his father's disposition, as well as his name and prop- • 

crty, is shown by many acts, and especially by his 1 

crowning gift of the "Case building," valued at three 
hundred thousand dollars, to the Cleveland Librai'y 
Association — a gift seldom equaled in the annals of 
private muni licence. 



niOCKAl'IIlCAL SKETCHES. 



337 



8ELAH CHAMBERLAIN. 

This gentlemen is of Englis:h descent, and was born 
in Brat tleboro, Vermont, on t.lie 4tli of May, 181'^. 
If is father, iilso named Sehih Chamhcrhiin, was a na- 
liveof that; j)lace and by occupation a farmer. He 
received a good education in his native town and, at 
tlic age of twenty-one, entered a grocery store in l?os- 
ton, ifassachiisetts, where lie remained two years. 

He then removed to western Pennsylvania and en- 
gaged in tlie construction of the Erie extension nl' 
tlic Pennsylvania canal, and afterward of the Ohio 
and Pennsylvania canal. ]>y prudent and sagacious 
management lie soon became enaibled to enlarge his 
operations, and next obtained contracts on the Wa- 
bash and Erie canal. In 1845 he removed to Canada, 
anil dm'ing two years was engaged on the canal im- 
provements on the St. Lawrence river. At the oxiii- 
ration of his connection with that work he returned 
to Vermont and estaldished the firm of Chamberlain, 
Strong & Co. This tirm had. the largest jjortion of 
the contract for the building of the Rutland and P)ur- 
lingtou railroad, connecting Hoston with the lakes, 
and the entire management of its construction. 
While carrying on this work j\Ir. Chamberlain 
also became prominently interested in the construc- 
tion of the Ogdensburg and Pouse's Point (now 
Lake Chaniplain) railroad. 

In 1841) he removed to Cleveland, Ohio, ami took 
I lie entire contract for the construction of the Cleve- 
land and Pittsburg railroad, which was successfully 
completed in 1851. Subser|ncntly he was engaged 
for several years in railroad-building in the West and 
'\ Northwest, mainly in Wisconsin, Minnesota and 
|\Iowa. One of the principal lines constructed i)y him 
was the Lacrosse and Milwaukee railroad, which he 
operated under lease or mortgage nntil the bond- 
holders reimbursed him in full. He also constructed 
the Minnesota Central railroad, and afterward became 
largely interested in it and the president of tlic com- 
pany owning it. 

His latest work in that line was the building of the 
Lake Shore and Tuscarawas Valley railroad, of which 
lie was the largest stockholder, as well as sole con- 
tractor. In addition to these I'ailroad operations he 
was also connected with other important industrial 
enterprises. He was a large stockholder and also 
president of the Cleveland Transportation Company, 
an organization which he was mainly instrumental in 
forming. 

He was a director of the Cleveland Iion-Mining 
Company, in which he held a heavy interest. In 
1871 he established a general banking-house, under 
the name of (!hamberlain, Corham & Perkins, which 
soon became widely known as one of the most sub- 
stantial banking firms in the State. In 187:5 the Res- 
ilience Insurance Com|iany, of which he is one of 
the founders, elected him as its president. In .lan- 
uary, 1875, lie became largely interested in the pur- 
chase of the Lake Shore and Tuscarawas X'aJley rail- 



road, whicii was changed to the Cleveland, Tusca- 
rawas Valley and Wheeling railroad, of which he was 
made president in February of that year. 

Mr. Chamberlain has been remarkably successful in 
all his l)usiness undertakings, and entirely by his own 
ell'orts has acquired a capital which enables him to 
carry great enterjjriscs to a successful termination. 

As a citizen he enjoys an enviable reputation, and is 
known as a liljeral but unostentatious contrii)utor to 
all benevolent purjjoses or public interests. He was 
an earnest su]>])orter of the Union during the rebellion, 
and contril)uted freely to aid the cause of freedom. 

He has, for many years been a prominent member 
of the Second Presbytei'ian church, and a liberal sii))- 
]iorter of the cliari table and benevolent entcri)rise.s 
connected with it. He was nnirried, in 1844, to Miss 
Arabella Cochran, of Penns\ Ivaiiia. 



IIKNRY CIIISIIOI.M. 

Hetiry Chisholm, the president and chief manager 
of the Cleveland Polling Mill Comj)any, (the largest 
establishment of its kind in this or any other country) 
landed in America in 1843, an almost ])enni less youth; 
in fifteen years from that time he was the head of an 
important nianufactnring firm and since then he has 
achieved the distinction of being one of the greatest 
manufacturers in the world. 

Mr. Chisholm was born in Lochgelly, Kifesliire, 
Scotland, Ajiril 37, 1822, and at the age of ten lost 
his father by death. Forced by this unhappy circum- 
stance to take uj)on his shoulders in his early youth a 
share of the support of his widowed mother's family, 
he left school when but twelve years old and ajipren- 
ticed himself to a carpenter, with whom he remained 
until his seventeenth year. lie then began work as a 
journeyman carpenter in the city of (Jlasgow, where, 
shortly afterwards, he married Miss .lane Allan, of 
Dunfermline. 

Impatient at the slow progress he made in his na- 
tive land he resolved to go to America, and in 1842 — 
when only twenty years old — he lauded at .Montreal, 
Canada. He soon found employment at his trade, 
and so well did he prosper that at the end of two 
years he became a master carpenter. Succeeding 
from the outset in making profitable contracts, he 
saw himself ere long the most extensive contractor in 
.Montreal. His reputation as a capable and energetic 
liuilder sjjread year b\4 year, and in 1850 he undertook, 
with others, t lip construction of the railway break- 
waters at Cleveland. After being engaged in this 
work three years — having become in the meantime a 
resident of Cleveland — he followed it with other im- 
l)ortaut enterprises of a similar character in that city, ''* 
until the year 1857. In that year Mr. Chisholm 
founded, at Newburg, the iron-manufacturing firm 
of Chisholm, Jones & Co., from which beginning 
arose the great establishment which is the pride of 
Cleveland and one of the marvels of modern times. 



338 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Besides being president and controller of the Cleve- 
land Kolling MillCoinpaiiy, Mr. Ohisbolm is a director 
in each of three of tiie most important banking insti- 
tutions of Cleveland, and is also closely identified in 
many other ways with the femarkable growth and 
enterprise of the city of his adoption. Owing nothing 
to the assistance of others, depending entirely on his 
own inflexible will, indomitable perseverance, and rig- 
orous integrity, Mr. Chisholm is, in every sense, 
the author of his own fortunes, and the story of his 
life furnishes a striking instance of the possibilities 
offered in this favored land, to him who bravely and 
energetically seeks success. 

Alike amid the struggles of his earlier years, and 
the multifarious cares of his later life, Mr. Chisholm 
has been an unswerving believer in the truths of re- 
ligion, and for upwards of thirty-five years he and 
his estimable wife have been members of the Baptist 
Church. Endowed with a bountiful share of this 
world's goods, as the reward of a busy life, cherished 
as an ujiright and honored member of the community 
in which he lives, and surrounded by a worthy family 
of sons and daughters, Mr. Chisholm still retains, at 
the age of nearly three score, the vigorous and vigil- 
ant business habits which marked his younger man- 
hood, and bids fair to hold for many years to come a 
prominent place among tliu active workers of the 
Forest City. 



WILLIAM CHISHOLM. 

The subject of this sketch was born on the 12th of 
August, 1825, in the village of Lochgelly, Fifeshire, 
Scotland. Uis father, who was in moderate circum- 
stances, died when he was about seven years of age. 
His educational advantages were limited, but of a 
practical character, and consisted of such knowledge 
as he would be most likely to need in making his 
way in the world. When twelve and a half years of 
age he was apprenticed to learn the dry-goods busi- 
ness with a merchant in Kirkaldy, a seaport town on 
the Frith of Forth. Finding this occupation unsuit- 
ed to his tastes and having an ardent desire to see 
something of the world, he, after two years or more 
spent in Kirkaldy, engaged his services to a ship 
owner as a sailor. He left his native land in Septem- 
ber, 1840, and joined the ship "Burley," of Glas- 
gow, at Antwerj), Holland. He sailed in this vessel 
for a period of four and a half years, making voy- 
ages from England, Scotland and Ireland to South 
America, the East Indies, Australia, the West Indies 
and the coasts of Nicaragua and Central America. Sub- 
se(piently he was engaged on different vessels, stop- 
ping at the principal American Atlantic ports between 
the mouth of the Mississipj)i river and the gulf of St. 
Lawrence. 

Becoming weary of tiiis life he, in September, 
1847, abandoned the sea, after just seven years of ac- 
tive service, during which he had filled the various 
positions on a shiji, from that of cabin boy to that of 



chief officer. He then settled in Montreal, Canada, 
where he remained five years, carrying on the liusi- 
ness of a builder and contractor. At the expiration 
of that time he removed to Cleveland, Ohio, and 
thence to Pittsburg, Pennsylvania. Keturning to 
Cleveland in 1857, he has since then been engaged 
there as a contractor in building railroads, bridges, 
docks, etc. 

In 18G0 he built works and commenced the manu- 
facture of spikes, bolts, rivets, horseshoes, etc., and 
in 1871 organized what is known as the Union Steel 
Screw Company, now in operation. He has also re- 
cently engaged, in connection with his sons, in the 
manufacture of steel shovels, spades, scoops and 
forks. For the last quarter of a century he has been 
largely interested and actively engaged in coal and 
iron mines, and in the manufacture of the products 
of the latter. 

In 187G and '77 Mr. Chisholm traveled extensively .J 
in Europe, revisiting his native town in Scotland after 1 1 
an absence of thirty-seven years. His life has been 
distingu'shed by a varied experience such as is allot- 
ted to but few, and from early youth he has been com- 
pelled to depend upon his own exertions, to which, 
with the aid of a kind Providence, he owes his suc- 
cess. 

He has not been entirely absorbed in the care of his i 

extensive business, but has ever been ready to lend a | 
helping hand to the needy and suffering, and, as a 
member of the Bajitist Church, has contributed lib- 
erally to the support of that society, as well as to other 
religious institutions and to charitable objects. He 
was married in 1848 to Catharine Allan, a native 
of Dumferline, Scotland, daughter of Wilson 15. 
Allan. By this union he has had seven children. Of 
this family only four are now living, three sons and 
one daughter. 



AHIUA COBB. 

Ahira Cobb, whose name is associated with many 
of the important commercial interests of Cleveland 
and vicinity, is a son of Jeduthan Cobb, Jr., one of 
the early settlers of Ohio, and was born at Tolland, 
Connecticut, on the 12th of October, 1814. 

Many thrilling stories are told of the adventures of 
those who removed to Ohio in early days. They came 
into a wilderness where yet the red man lingered, and 
where the howling of wolves, the panther's cry and 
the crack of the trusty rifle alone disturbed the solitude 
of the night. In many a case, their covered wagon 
was their only shield from wind and storm while the 
log-cabin was being erected, which was to be their 
only habitation for many years. 

Among those early pioneers came Jeduthan Cobb, 
Jr., a descendant of Dr. Samuel Cobb, who, we find by 
referring to Hon. L. P. Waldo's valuable Early History 
of Tolland, came to that place about the year 1743. 
Dr. Cobb bought the farm on the Willimantic river, 
now familiarlv known as the Cobb farm. In the 





^ 



u 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



339 



work above rufencd to, Dr. Colib is mentioned as 
having been a gentleman of education, and one of tlie 
most ])roniiuent citizens that ever resided in Tolland. 
Jediitlian Cobt), Jr., married a daughter of Stephen 
Origgs. an en.sign in tlie Continental army, who died 
at New Rochelle, New York, in 17T0. 

Ho left Tolland with his family in 1,SI!». Upon his 
arrival in Oiiio he bought a farm in Eldridge town- 
ship, Huron county, afterwards Berlin, Erie county. 
Mr. Cobb died on this farm in 1827. Like most who 
seek to make a home in a new and undeveloped coun- 
try, he had a hard struggle with adverse fortune, and 
at I lie lime of his death there was an incumbrance of 
three hundred dollars on the farm. A tax of seven 
dollars was due on it, and must be paid. There was 
no money in the house; something must be done. 
Something wa"s done — something which throws a 
strong light on the energetic character of the subject 
of this sketch. 

Ahira Cobb, son of the deceased, then a lad of thir- 
teen years of age, yoked the oxen, gathered a cart- 
load of peaches and apples, and trudged along beside 
his slow-going team to Sandusky City, twenty-five 
miles away, where he hoped to dispose of his load 
to raise the tax-money. His success exceeded his ex- 
pectation. The tax-money was raised and three dol- 
lars more, as the result of his venture. 

The ))rospects of the family, however, wore a very 
unfavorable aspect after the death of the husband and 
father, and the year following they all returned to 
Tolland. During that year Ahira went to school to 
Alfred Newton, who afterwards, for a period of twen- 
ty-tive years, was pastor of a Presbyterian church at 
Norwalk, Ohio. His evenings were spent in learning 
the tailoring trade in the establishment of Solomon 
Creggs and Luther Eaton. He covered buttons, 
sewed sleeve linings, and was obliged to keep the old 
stone pitcher tilled with water for the benefit of the 
dozen or more sewing girls employed in the shop. 
During this year spent at Tolland he »as the rooin- 
mite of William W. Katon, the eldest son of his cni- 
]iio\er. Little did those young men imagine at that 
time tiiat one of them was destined to become a leading 
iiiemijer of the legal profession, and bear the honorable 
title of a United States senator, while the other was 
to gain a conspicuous and honorable success in the 
departments of ti-ade and commerce, near the scene 
of his youthfid venture before mentioned. Young 
Clibb soon got heaitily sick of the tailoring business, 
and the year following returned to Ohio and entered 
tiie store of John Buckingham, of Norwalk, as a clerk. 
This position he retained for six years. In thespring 
of 183(> he formed a partnership with Jlr. Bucking- 
liaui and B. L. Hill, under the firm name of CJobb, 
Hill i^ Co., and opened a store at Birmingham, Erie 
county. He was a member of this firm for twenty- 
three years. 

'J'he town of Birmingham was incorporated by a 
company of New Yorkers. They had erected, at a 
cost of Js^.J.ooO a llouriug mill, also a hotel valued at 



*5,000, a sawmill, a forge, and a large number of pri- 
vate dwellings. In 1837 this company failed, ami in 
1844 Mr. Cobb was a successful bidder for its ])rop- 
erty. Thus, at the age of thirty, he was the owner of 
nearly the entire town of l?irniingliam, and occujticd 
as good a private residence as there was in that 
section. While operating thus extensively at Bir- 
mingham, he also had a large interest at Vermillion, 
a lake port located seven miles from the former place, 
in connection with Captain Alva Bradley. At 
this port they built, in 1841, their first schooner, the 
"South America." This venture j>roved a very 
profitable one, and, to use a nautical term, laid the 
keel of the extensive and jjrofitable shipping interest 
which they have controlled during the past twenty- 
nine years; they having now some twenty steam and 
sail vessels afloat on the lakes. 

In February, 18o"-i, Air. Cobb exchanged his Bir- 
mingham mill and residence for the Cleveland prop- 
erty known as the Forest City House. This house 
he has greatly enlarged, and it is now a very hand- 
some building, containing one hundred and fifty 
rooms, and has a wide reputation as a first class hotel 
in every res{)ect. 

After the transfer above mentioned, he removed 
his family to Cleveland, where he subsequently entered 
the extensive boot and shoe firm of Crowell & Childs 
as a special partner. At the same time he also took 
an interest in the erection of two blast furnaces; one 
at Youugstown, the other at Antwerp, Paulding 
county. The one at Youngstown, the Hiniroot fur- 
nace, has been in constant blast while the fires of hun- 
dreds of others have been extinguished by the hard 
times and the glut in the iron market. During the 
year 18o2 Mr. Cobb bought property largely in Cleve- 
land. 

In 1874 he. with Capt. Bradley, erected an elegant 
iron block on Sui)erior street. One half of this great 
building is occupied by Strong, Cobb & Company, 
importers and wholesale dealers in drugs, etc., one of 
the largest and best ajtiiointed houses of the kind in 
the West. Mr. Cobb is also the owner of valuable 
property fronting on Euclid avenue — an avenue said 
by Bayard Taylor to be the finest in the world. Upon 
this property he has erected an elegant mansion which 
he has fitted and udnrned with every convenience and 
comfort. 

Although Mr. Cobb is now nearing an age when 
most men, either from inclination or debility, retire 
from active business life, he still retains the undimin- 
ished energy of the man who bought out a town in 
his thirtieth year, and we may safely predict that if 
adverse fortune should sweep away his vast accumula- 
tions he would lose no time in setting about to repair 
the breach. It is somewhat remarkable that only one 
death — that of his father — has occurred in tlic family 
since the marriage of his parents. His mother is still 
living and lias reached the advanced age of eighty- 
eight years. 

Mr. Cobb was married in 1839 to Miss Maria Hriant, 



340 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



daughter of Jonathan Biiant of Birmingham, by 
whom lie has had nine children. He is a Kepublican 
in politics but has never been an office-seeker, though 
not neglecting any of the duties of a good citizen. 
He is not a member of any church, but is a liberal 
contributor to the aid of all worthy causes, and is 
especially interested in forwarding educational and 
charitable interests. 

Mr. Cobb is a man of decided abilities, of great 
courage, of untiring industr}', of marked integrity, 
of large exjierience in the affairs of the world, and is 
appreciated for his many sterling qualities both of 
mind and heart. 



JAMES M. COFFINBERRY. 

James M. CofRnberry is a native of Mansfield, Ohio, 
having been born in that town on the IGth day of 
May, 1818. 

His father, Andrew Coftinberry, was a man of rare 
endowments and decisive character, and was widely 
known as a distinguished lawyer. He was admitted 
to the bar as early as 1813, from which time he prac- 
ticed his profession until a few days before his death, 
which occurred in May, 18.56. His practice in several 
of the counties of northwestern Ohio began with their 
organization; his "circuit" (always traversed on 
horseback) extending from Mansfield north to Lake 
Erie, and west to the Lidiana line. He was gieatly 
esteemed for his jture and ujjriglit life, while his 
genial manners and quaint wit gave him ready access 
to the hearts of all classes. 

Among the younger members of the pi-ofession he 
was known as " the good Count CotfinbeiTv" in criiic- 
ful recognition of the services rendered them by 
this veteran member of the liai-. The sobri(jiiet of 
"Count " was first given him phiyfuliy by his pro- 
fessional associates, from a real or sui)posed resem- 
blance to the illustrious German jurist. Count or 
Baron Puffeudorf. The title was considered so ap- 
propriate that it remained with him throughout, life, 
and many who knew him long and well never learned 
that it was not his real name. 

Besides his legal ability he also possessed poetical 
talent of no mean order, and, about 1840, wrote the 
"Forest Rangers," a metrical tale in seven cantos, in 
which he vividly depicts many interesting incidents 
connected with the march of (reneral Wayne's army, 
and its victory over the Indians, in 1794. 

James M. Coftinberry, the subject of this sketch, 
received his education in the common schools of his 
native town, after which he studied law with his 
father, then residing at Pcrrysburg. He was admit- 
ted to the bar in 1841, and the same year 02iened an 
office in partnershi)) with his father at Maumee City. 
His su])erior abilities found an early recognition, and 
secured his election as prosecuting attorney for Lucas 
county, which position he filled in a most satisfactory 
manner for several years. In 184.5 he removed to 



Hancock county, where for about ten years he prac- 
ticed his profession with great success, and in addition 
was the editor and proprietor of that staunch Whig 
journal, the Findlay Herald. 

In 1855 Mr. Coflinberry removed to Cleveland and 
entered speedily into a good practice, devoting him- 
self exclusively to his profession and taking high 
rank at a bar which numbered among its members 
some of the ablest lawyers in the State. He was 
elected judge of the court of common pleas in 18G1, 
and performed the duties of that position for the term 
of five years, with credit to himself and satisfaction to 
all concerned. His charges to juries were always 
clear, forcible and logical, and in the course of his 
judicial service he delivered some very able opinions, 
both verbal and written. It has been said that no 
decision of his has ever been reversed on review by 
higher courts. His charge to the jury on the trial of 
Dr. John W. Hughes for the murder of Tamzcii 
Parsons of Bedford, which took jilace in December, 
18G5, was acknowledged to be one of the ablest ever 
delivered from the bench of Cuyahoga county. 

Judge Coffinberry jwssesses an apparently intuitive 
perception of legal truths, a peculiar faculty for seiz- 
ing the strong points of a case, and great power to 
present his arguments in au original and forcible man- 
ner. While appreciating the learning of the profes- 
sion, and ever mindful of its nicest distinctions, he 
has made them subservient to his own broad and lib- 
eral views. 

After retiring from the bench he returned to the 
practice of law, but was soon obliged to retire from 
its activities on account of failing health. He has 
devoted considerable time to scientific reading and in- 
vestigation, in which he takes a great interest. He 
has been prominetly connected with many of the most 
important j>ublic enterjH'ises of the city, and has been 
appointed to many offices of trust. He was one of the 
originators of the Cleveland viaduct, and one who most 
earnestly advocated that it siiould be a free bridge. 

In politics he was formerly a Whig, but in the Fre- 
mont and Buchanan canvass he allied himself with 
the Democrats, and has since uniformly supported 
the candidates and politics of that party. At the 
breaking out of the rel)ellion he was chairman of the 
Democratic central committee of Cuyahoga county, 
but at once espoused the cause of the Union, and was 
largely instrumental in rallying the Democratic party 
of northern Ohio to the zealous su])p(n't of the war. 

He was the principal secretary of the great Union 
convention of Oiiio, presided over by ex-L^nited States 
Senator Thomas Ewiiig,' which nominated David T^id 
for governor. Throughout the war he remained a 
conservative Union man, but privately disa^jproved 
some of the more radical war-measures as being un- 
constitutional and of dangerous precedent. For sev- 
eral years he was the regular candidate of his party 
for representative in Congress and for judge of the 
common pleas, but was in no sense a politician; it is 
believed that he never attended more than one noin- 



BIOOEAPIIICAL SKETCHES. 



341 



iuatiiig convention, aTid never sought a nomination 
for office. 

Mr. Collinlx'rrv ami his wife iiict wiih a most dis- 
tressing accident on the iSth of Ajiril, ISTo. Tliev 
were returning from Mt. Vernon, where tliev had at- 
londed tlie marriage of their son. After they reached 
the city, and were being driven across the railway 
track near the Union dejjot, tiie cai'riage was struck 
liy a freigiit train. Tiiey were both severely injured, 
.Mr. ColHnberry sutfei'ing the loss of a leg. His 
wife, although terribly l)ruised and mangled, was 
restored to comparative health. 

Mr. C!ofllnberry was married in January. 1841 to 
.Vniia M. Oleason, of Lucas county, Ohio, l)y wiiom 
he has two children. Uisson, Ileni-y I)., served hon- 
(iral)ly through the war as an oHicer in the Mississippi 
gunboat llotilla. lie is now a i)art;ner in the Globe 
Iron Works and the Cleveland Dry Dock Company, 
and is also one of the tire commissioners of Cleveland. 
Mis daughter, Mary E.. is the wife of S. E. Brooks, 
a prominent young business man of the city. 



WILLIAJI COLLINS. 

The Hon. William Collins was descended in the 
ninth generation from Lewis Collins, who came from 
England in the year, U!3(», and as the records of those 
days say, •" with ample means." Ilis son, Natlnm, 
was a graduate of Cambridge Universitv, England, 
and had two sons, Joim, who lived in Boston, and 
Kdward, who was a deacon of the church at Cam- 
bridge, .Massachusetts. John Colli'is, the second, re- 
sided in Saybrook, Connect icnt, and also at Middle- 
town and (Juilford, in that State, in which last named 
town ho is recorded as a freeman and jjlantcr. Rob- 
ert, son of John, the second, married Lois Burnett, 
of Southampton, Long Island. 

Jonatiian, son of IJobert, born .\pril 2(!, 1098, 
dwelt in .Middletown and Wailingfortl, Coniiecticnt. 
lie married Agnes I^ynu for his second wife, and 
iiad eleven children. Oliver, one of his sons enlisted 
in a conijiany of Massachusetts troojjs duiing the 
lievohitionary war, at the ago of sixteen. He served 
as a comi)aiiy ofHcer till the close of the war. He 
married Lois Cowles, of Wallingfoi'd, Connecticut, 
and removed to New Hart fold. New York. In the 
war of IHl'i lie was commissioned a Ijrigadier general, 
and connnanded a brigade of New York militia ;it 
S.ickett's Harbor. He died August 14, 1838. 

Ela Collins, son of Oliver and Lois Collins, was 
born in Wallingford, Connecticut, February 14, llHij. 
He married Maria Clinton, daughter of Hcv. Isaac 
Clinton, of New Haven. They moved to Lowville, 
New York, where Mr. Collins became a distinguisiied 
lawyer, a member of Congress, and the occupant of I 
otiier important offices. 

His son, William (Collins, the subject of this me- I 
moir, was born February 23, 1818. He reail law with 
his father, and wasadmitted to the l)ar in September, 
1843, at Rochester, New York. He then entered into ! 



partnership with his father, and they continued in 
active and successful practice until the death of the 
elder Mr. Collins, in November, 1848. He succeeded 
his father as district attorney, but resigned this office 
when he was elected a member of the national Ilouse 
of Hepresentativcs, in November, 1846, from the dis- 
trict composed of Lewis and St. Lawrence counties. 

Mr. (!ollins was in Congress during the lirst agita- 
tion of the (piestion of extending slavery to free 
territory, and opposed the extension with great zeal 
and ability. Among his speeches will be found one, 
delivered July 28, 1848, on the bill to establish the 
Territorial government of Oregon, advocating the ex- 
clusion of slavery from that Territory. It was com- 
mended not only for the soundness of its logic, but, 
as a brilliant literary production. The contest was 
a close one, but the slavery extensionists were defeated, 
owing largely to the vigilant and industrious efforts 
of Mr. Collins and a few associates. He was tendered 
the renomination to the thirty-first Congress, but 
having determined to remove west, he declined, and 
was succeeded by Preston King. 

Mr. Collins came to Cleveland in 1853 and opened 
a law office, fully sustaining here the reputation as a 
lawyer which he had gained in New \''ork. He was 
soon elected a director of the Merchants' Bank of 
Cleveland, and of the Lake Shore railway company. 
Subsequently he became a director of the Bellefontaine 
railway comjiany; the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincin- 
nati and lndiana})olis railway company; the James- 
town and Franklin railway company, of Pennsylva- 
nia; the East Cleveland street-railroad comjiany; the 
Mercer Iron and Coal company of Penn.sylvania, and 
the Merchants' National Bank of Cleveland. The 
active duties of these positions absorbed much of 
his time and attention. 

The sympathies of Mr. Collins being always on the 
side of freedom, he joined the IJei)ublican jiarty on its 
organization and remained faithful to its principles. 
When the rebellion broke out he tlirew himself heart- 
ily into the cause of tiie Union, and contributed 
freely with money and labor in every way to its siip- 
])ort. He was a member of various local committees 
for the promotion of the national cause, and gave 
largely for the supjwrt of the sick and wounded. 
Whenever an elfort was needed liis voice was heard 
exhorting the peo]ile to action, and he was never be- 
hindhand in i)eisonal example. 

Mr. Collins married Jane, second daughter of Al- 
fred and Mary S. Kelley. at Columbus, on the 22d 
day of November, 1847, They had five children: 
Francis, born .January 1!>, 18.ii), who ilied February 
10, 1850; Frederic Kelley, born in Columbus, Oiiio, 
June 7, 1851; Walter Stow, born in Cleveland, .Inly 
12, 1854; Mary, born in Cleveland, Jnne 7, 1857, who 
died March 1, 1800; and Alice, born in Cleveland, 
June 20, 1859, who died August 20, 1859, 

Mr, Collins died suddenly on the 18th d:iy ()f June, 
1878. At a meeting of the bar, held on the occasion 
of his decease, Hon. Sherlock J. Andrews was called 



342 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



to tlie chair and H. B. DeWolf acted as secretary. 
Thu committee on resolutions consisted of Messrs. F. 
J. Diekman, James Mason, II. B. DeWolf, and Judges 
Bishop and Prentiss. Resolutions were adopted highly 
and truly extolling the character and abilities of the 
deceased, copies of which were ])resented to the fam- 
ily, to the court of common pleas of Cuyahoga county, 
and to the circuit and district courts of the United 
States for the Xorthern district of Ohio. Mr. Dick- 
man and Judge Bishop spoke in eulogy of Mr. Collins, 
and the former (pioted a remark made by the deceased, 
worthy of enduring record. In speaking of certain 
political action Mr. Collins said: 

"Success is something, but to be right is cverv- 
thing." ,^ ^ 

This terse expression is a model statenjent of thu 
value of i)rinciple, and was also an e|)itunie of the life- 
long creed of William Collins. 



EDWIN WEED COWLES. 

Edwin W. Cowles, a physician, born in Bristol, Con- 
necticut, in 171)4, removed to Austinburg with his 
father, the Rev. Dr. Giles Hooker Cowles, in the year 
1811. His aucestors were all of Puritan descent, ex- 
cept one line, which ti'aced its origin to tiie Huguenots. 
He was educated in the academy, at Farmiugton, 
Connecticut, and was imbued by his father and 
mother with the highest priucijiles of the Christian 
leligion and love for his fellow-beings. He studied 
medicine with the late Dr. 0. K. Hawley, of Austin- 
burg, and after receiving his degree he practiced 
his profession in Mantua, Portage county, Ohio, and 
in 1832 he removed with his family to Cleveland. 

In 1834 he removed to Detroit, and practiced there 
till 1838, when he returned to Cleveland, where he 
sjient the remainder of his i)rofessional life, and nuide 
himself a high reputation both as a jthysiciau and a 
valuable citizen. His leading traits as a physician 
were the exercise of benevolence and fearlessness in 
the performance of his professional duties. These 
noble qualities were thoroughly illustrated when that 
great scourge, the Asiatic cholera, made its first ap- 
pearance in Cleveland the first year he settled there. 
This disease was introduced by the arrival of the 
steamer ''Henry Clay," which sailed up to the land- 
ing at the foot of Superior street. As usual in those 
early days, when there were no raili-oads and tele- 
graphs, the crowd assembled at the landing to hear 
the news and see who had come. As the boat neared 
the wharf the captain appeared on the deck, and ex- 
claimed that " the cholera had broken out among his 
passengers and crew; that several were dead and a 
number more were down with it, and for God's sake 
to send a doctor aboard!" This announceuicnt cre- 
ated a panic in the crowd. They all scattered and fled 
in every direction, — many taking their horses and 
llceing into the country. A messenger went hurried- 
ly to the office of Dr. Cowles, and with a frightened 



expression of countenance informed him that his 
services were needed, — that " the boat was filled with 
the dead and sick." The doctor promptly started for 
the boat, and exerted himself immediately with all his 
power to alleviate the sufferings of the sick. At a 
meeting held previously by the citizens of the then vil- 
lage of Cleveland it had been voted, with only two dis- 
sentient votes, that no boat having the cholera aboard 
should be allowed to come into port or land its pas- 
sengers, for fear of contagion. The two who opposed 
this resolution were the late Thomas P. Mav and 
Dr. Cowles. Under this action of the citizens the 
''Henry Clay" was oliliged to leave. Dr. Cowles vol- 
unteered to accompany the sick and look after them, 
and in spite of the remonstrances of his fi'iends, who 
believed he never would get through alive, he went 
on that charnel-ship to Detroit, and remained on 
it until everything possible had been done to relieve 
the sick and to fight down the death-dealing scourge. 
His predominating trait was his love of justice to 
all — the high and low, rich and poor. This sense 
was strongly developed in his hatred of the system of 
slavery, which, as he expressed it, "violated every 
commandment in the decalogue, every principle of 
justice, all laws of human nature, and destroyed the 
foundation of a common humanity." He was one 
of the first who came out publicly and avowed them- 
selves "abolitionists," at a time when it was consid- 
ered disgraceful to be called by that term. He was 
one of the first members of the "old Liberty Guard," 
and many a poor fugitive slave has he aided to free- 
dom rid the underground railroad. As a politician 
he was somewhat prominent. He su]i})orted the old 
Whig party down to the time he voted for General 
Harrison, in 1840. In 1841 he joined the "Liberty 
l)arty " the germ of the present Eepublioun party. 

In all the walks of life he was distinguished for 
moral rectitude, honesty, ami incorruptible integ- 
rity. As a gentleman of general information he 
rarely, met with his peer, for, like John Quiucy 
Adams, he never forgot what he read, and it was this 
gift that made him the remarkable conversationalist 
and controversialist that he was. He was a devout 
and active member of the Congregational church, 
and one of its most valued supporters. He was mar- 
ried in 181.5 to Miss Almira Mills Foot, a lady of 
great force of character, of amiable disposition, and of 
a most affectionate nature. She was born in Norfolk,, 
Connecticut, in 179t», and was descended from Na- 
thaniel Foot, the first settler of WetiiersHeld, and was 
a half-sister of the late Joseph B. Cowles, of Austin- 
burg, and of the late Hon. Samuel Cowles, who died in 
Cleveland in 18^7. After the death of his consort, 
which occurred in 1840, Dr. Cowles spent his remain- 
ing days among his children, who vied \vitli each other 
in endeavoring to promote his comfort and smooth 
the ways of his declining days. He died in June, 
1861, at the residence of his son, Mr. Edwin Cowles, 
in Cleveland. Had he lived only one and a half years 
louL'er he would have witnessed the great desire of his 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETf'IlES. 



34:^ 



heart — tlie abolition of slaverj'. As it was, like Moses 
of old, " lie (lied in sight of the promised land." 

Dr. (Jowles had six children. His first child, Sam- 
lU'l, died when three years of age. His second, (iiles 
iioiikcr, died in Cleveland, aged twcnty-threo, leaving 
I'diir. wiio are living: Mr.-;. Helen C. Wiieeloi', of But- 
ler, Missouri; .Judge Samuel Cowles. of San l''r;in- 
eisco, C'alifornia; Kdwin (Jowles, editor of tlic Lriiilcr, 
Cleveland; and Alfred t'owles, one of the piililisliers 
of the Chicago TrUiuHe. 



EDWIN COWLES. 

Edwin Cowles, editor and jirinter, was born in 
Austinburg, Aslitaliula county, Oiiio, September 19, 
lS'.i5. His father was tlic late Dr. Edwin W. Cowles 
just noticed. His ancestors were all of Puritan de- 
scent, e.\cept one line, vvliich traces its origin to the 
Huguenots. On his father's side he is descended 
Irom one of three l)rothers wlio settled in the town 
of Earmington, Connecticut, in U'ib'i. On his grand- 
mother's side, who was a Miss Abigail White of 
Stamford, Connecticut, lie is a direct descendant of 
Peregrine White, tlie lirst white child born in New 
England; and also of a Huguenot by the name of De 
Crasse, wliich name was ciianged subse([uently to 
Weed. The Rev. Thomas Hooker, the Hrst clergy- 
man who was settled in Connecticut, was also one of 
Mr. Cowles' ancestors. On his mother's side lie was 
descended from Nathaniel Eoote, tiie first settler of 
W'etherslield, Connecticut. 

His boyhood days were spent in Cleveland, with 
the exception of a few years that he lived in Austin- 
burg, and in Detroit where his father resided for a 
short time. In 1839 ho commenced learning the 
trade of a printer and served his time mostly with the 
late Josiah A. Harris, then editor of the Cleveland 
lli-rald. He finished his education at (Jrand River 
Institute iu 1843. At tiie age of eighteen, he em- 
barked in the pi'inting business in com])any with Mr. 
T. II. Smead, under the firm name of .Smead & Cowles. 
In 1853 he dissolved partnership with Mr. Smead 
and became a member of the firm of Modill, Cowles 
it Co., publishers of the daily ForcM Vilfi Deiiioirat, 
which was the result of the consolidation of the daily 
True Democrat and daily Forest Citij. Both papers 
had been published as losing ventures, the former by 
.lohn C. N'aughan and the latter by Joseph Medill. 
In 1854 the name of the paper was changed to Clove- 
land Lender. In 1855 Messrs. Medill and Vaughan 
sold out to Mr. Cowles and removed to Chicago, 
where they purchased the Chicago Tribune, of wiiich 
-Mr. Cowles" brother, Alfred, Ijecaine the business 
manager. 

During the winter of 1854-55 the first movement 
which led to the formation of the great Rei)ublic-vn 
l>arty Wiis made in the Leailer editorial room, result- 
ing in tiie issuing of the call for the lirst Repulilican 
convention cvit lielil, which met in I'ittsburg. The 



gentlemen who held that meeting in the editorial 
room were Messrs. John C. Vaughan, Josejih .Medill, 
J. F. Keeler, R. C. Parsons, R. P. Spalding and 
others whose names are not remembered. The result 
of that convention was the consolidation of the Free 
Soil, Know-nothing and Whig parties into one great 
p;uiy, the history of which is well known. 

Mr. Cowles carried on the paper alone until lK(;ii, 
when he organized the Cleveland Leader Printing 
Corii])any. of which he retained a controlling int.er- 
cst. He acted as business manager of the Ijender 
until 180(1, when he assumed the chief-editorship. 
From this time he steadily rose to prominence as an 
editor because of the strength and boldness of his ut- 
terances and his progressive and decided views on pop- 
ular topics, which soon made his journal one of the 
most powerful in the West. While the terrible Ijlack 
cloud of secession was looming up in 18(i()-01, Mr. 
Cowles took a linn [losition in the columns of the 
Leader in favor of the government suppressing the 
heresy of secession with the army and navy if neces- 
sary. In 1801 he was api)ointed jwstmaster of Cleve- 
land and held that office for five years. Under his 
administration he established and perfected the system 
of free delivery of mail matter by carriers. 

In 18f!l Mr. Cowles first suggested, in his paper, the 
nomination by the Republican party of David Tod, a 
war Democrat, for the jnirpose of uniting all the 
loj'al elements in the cause of the Union. The 
suggestion was adojited, and Mr. Tod was nominated 
and elected. That same year, immediately after the 
battle of Bull Run, Mr. Cowles wrote an editorial 
headed " Now is the time to abolish slavery." He 
took the position that the South, being in a state of 
rebellion against the general government had forfeited 
all right to property — that the government had the 
same right to abolish slavery for the purpose of weak- 
ening the resources of the Confederacy by liberating 
in its midst a jn'oducing class from which it mainly 
derived its sinews of war, us it had to capture and 
destro}' rebel jiroperty, burn towns, etc., as a mili- 
tary necessity. For taking this advanced position the 
JjCnder was severely criticised by a portion of the Re- 
publican press, which declared that it was aiding the 
rebellion by creating dissatisfaction among the war 
Democrats of the nortii. In less than one yeai- after 
the iniblicatioii of that article President Lincoln issued 
his preliminary emancipation proclamation, which 
embodied precisely the same views. 

In 1803 Mr. Cowles suggested in the Leader the 
name of Jolin Brough to succeed Governor Tod iu 
the gubernatorial chair. It was after the name of 
Vallandigham, had been taken np by the Democnicy 
for that office, and at a period during the war 
previous to the surrender of Vicksburg and the 
battle of Gettysburg, when the Union armies had 
met with a series of reverses, and discouiagemcut 
had commenced its work among the conservative 
loyal element. The nomination of Vallandigham, 
following the election of 1802, when the Demo- 



344 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



crats had carried Ohio by a large majority, cre- 
ated great alarm among the friends of (he Union for 
fear that the discouraging military ontlook would 
have its effect toward favoring the peace-at-any-price 
party. Mr. Brougli, though formerly a life-long 
Democrat, was a firm Union man under all circum- 
stances, and withal his reputation for great executive 
ability was widely known, and for these reasons his 
name was announced as a candidate for governor in 
the Leader. It was warmly seconded by the loyal 
press, and he was nominated and elected by more 
than one hundred thousand majority over Mr. Val- 
landigliam. Governor Brough, and Governors An- 
drews and Morton, formed tliat famous trio of great 
war governors whose names will go down in history 
side Ijy side with Lincoln, Grant, Stanton and Chase. 

In 1870, Mr. Oowles' attention having been called 
to tlic great danger that existed from the various rail- 
road crossings in the valley of the Cuyahoga between 
the bights of the east and west sides of Cleveland, he 
conceived the idea of a high bridge, or viaduct as it 
is generally called, to span the valley and Cuyalioga 
river, connecting the two hill tops, thus avoiding go- 
ing up and down liill and crossing the "valley of 
death." He wrote an elaborate editorial favoring the 
city's building the viaduct. His suggestion met with 
fierce opposition from tiie other city papers, it being 
considered by them Utopian and unnecessary, but it 
was sul)mitted to the popular vote and carried by an 
immense majority. This great work, costing nearly 
three millions, is one of the wonders of Cleveland. 

In 1876 Mr. Cowles was elected a delegate to the 
National Republican Convention at Cincinnati, which 
nominated Rutherford B. Hayes for Pi-esideut. He 
represented Oiiio in the committee on platform, and 
was tJie author of the seventh plank favoring a con- 
stitutional amendment forbidding appropriations out 
of any public fund for the benefit of any institution 
under sectarian control. The object of this amend- 
ment was two-fold: first, to forever settle the ques- 
tion of dividing the school fund for the benefit of the 
Roman Catholic Church; second, to guard the future 
from the encroachment of that Church that is sure to 
result from its extraordinary increase in numbers. 

In 1877 he was eomi)limented by President Hayes 
by being appointed one of the honorary commission- 
ers to the Paris Exposition. 

Mr. Cowles has now been connected with journal- 
ism for over a cpiarter of a century. The experience 
of his paper has l)ccnlike the history of all daily pa- 
pers. It had sunk previous to his being connected 
with it over thirty thousand dollars. The first nine 
years after he had taken hold of it, it sunk over forty 
thousand dollars more, and at the end of that time it 
commenced paying expenses, eventually resulting in 
his being able to pay off every cent of indebtedness. 
Its business has increased tenfold under his adminis- 
tration, and it also has the largest daily circulation of 
any jiaper west of the Alleghenies, with the exception 
of two papers in Cliicago, one in St. Louis, and one 



in Cincinnati, and has more than double the circula- 
tion of all the other Cleveland papers combined. 
When he commenced his editorial career, his staff 
consisted of himself, one associate, and one citv ' ^ 
editor. Now it is composed of himself as chief 
editor, one managing, four assistant editors, and an 
editor each in charge of the commercial, city, literary 
and dramatic, and telegraphic depai-tments, also one 
in charge of the Washington branch otlice, and four 
reporters — fourteen in all. His chief characteristic 
as an editor, is his fearlessness in treating all ques- 
tions of the day without stopping to consider "whether 
he will lose any subscribers" by taking this side or 
that. His great ambition is to have the Leader take 
the lead in the work of reform, the promulga- 
tion of ])rogres.sive ideas, the elevation of humanity 
to as high a scale as possible, and to oppose in every 
shajie tyranny and injustice, whether of church, 
vState, capital, corporation, or trade-unions, and at 
tiie same time to make it the most influential paper 
in the State, if not in the West. 

Mr. Cowles' success in life has been attained under 
extraordinary disadvantages. From his birth he was 
aiHicted with a defect in hearing which caused so pe- 
culiar an impediment of s])eech that no parallel case 
was to be found on record. Until he was twenty- 
three years of age the peculiarity of this impediment 
was not di.scovered. At that age Professor Kennedy, 
a distinguished elocutionist, became interested in liis 
case, and after a thorough examination it was found 
that he never heard the hissing sound of the human 
voice, and consequently had never made that sound. 
Many of the consonants sounded alike to him. He 
never heard the notes of the seventh octave of a piano 
or organ, never heard the upper notes of a violin, the 
fife in martial music, never heard a bird sing, and has 
always supposed that tlie music of the birds was a 
poetical fiction. This discovery of his physical defect 
enabled him to act accordingly. After much time 
spent in practicing, under Professor Kennedy's tui- 
tion, he was enabled to learn arbitrarily how to make 
tiie hissing sound, but he never hears the sound him- 
self, although he could hear ordinarily low-toned 
conversation. 

As a citizen Mr. Cowles was ever active in all be- 
nevolent and charitable enterprises, giving liberally 
to them according to his means, and devoting the 
infiuence of liis JDunial to tlieir support and encour- 
agement. 

Mr. Cowles is wedded to his profession, and never 
expects to leave it for any other; in other words, he 
expects to die in the harness. Owing to the power of 
the press in controlling public sentiment, backed up 
as it is by the aid of wonderful lightning jirinting 
machinery, the telegraph, that great association for 
the collection of news — the associated press, the 
division of intellectual labor into different depart- 
ments, and the fast railroad trains, he considers 
journalism, if only managed in the interests of 
religion, morals, humanity, and of doing the greatest 



II 



I'.lOCK'Al'IllCAr. SKKTOHES. 



345 



i;i)()(l to llie gre.itfst nuiiiln'r. I lie j;r;niil('st of ;ill j)ni- 
t'ussioii.s. 

^[i-. Cowles was nun rii'(l in ISiO, to Miss Eliziibeth 
C. Iliitcliinson, dauglitor of tlie Hon. Mosely Uutch- 
in.soii, of ('ayiif(a, New York. He had by this union 
si\- cliiidrcn, Afyra F. who married Mr. Clias. W. 
Chase, !i merchant of Olevehind; Helen H., Eugene 
II., Alfred H., Lewis H., and Edwin. The youngest, 
Kdwin. died in infancy. His eldest, .son, Eugene, 
is a niendier of the T.cnth'r editorial staff, having 
charge of the Washinglon ollice as corresjiondcnt. 



SAMUEL COWLES. 

Samuel Cowlcs, a lawyer, was born in Norfolk, Con- 
necticut, .June S, 1775, and died at C'loveland, Ohio, 
in November, 1837. His father was a representative 
New Enghmd farmer. He was edncated at Williams 
College, and graduated tlicro in I he year 1708, after- 
wards serving as tutor theie for two years, when 
ho commenced the study of law in Hartford, and was 
admitted to tiie bar. ][e practiced his ])rofession in 
Farniington and Hartford till about 1830, when he 
removed to Cleveland, then a village of about five 
liundred inhabitants. There he went into partnership 
with the late Alfred Kelley, and carried on the law 
business with him for several years. Afterward Mr. 
Cowles formed a copartnerslii|) with a late student of 
his, Sherlock J. Andrews; finally giving the busi- 
ness up to him and retiring from the practice of 
his profession about the year IS^-t. Hon. J. W. Allen 
studieil law under Mr. Clowles in the year 1825. In 
1S:5I) he was appointed a judge of the court of com- 
mon pleas, which position he fdled at the time of 
his dcatii. 

In ls:i-i Ml'. Cowlcs was married in lj("no\-, Massa- 
chusetts, to Miss Cornelia Whiting. In 1833 he 
erected the mansion on Euclid avenue, now used as 
an Ursnline convent, and resid(Hl in it till his death, 
lie was a good representative of the gentlemen of the 
old school, a higli-mindod lawyer, of irreproachable 
character, of dignified bearing, and (rf the Diost fas- 
tidious tastes. His society was sought after, espe- 
cially by the cultivatetl. He was a brother-in-law of 
the late Dr. Edwin W. Cowles, ami uncle to Mr. 
Edwin Cowlcs of the Cleveland I.radir. 



D. W. CROSS. 

I). W. Cross, one of Cleveland's prominent citizens 
and leading capitalists, was l)orn on the 17tli of No- 
vember, 1814, in Richland (now Pulaski), New York. 
He received an excellent education at Hamilton 
Seminary (one of the foremost institutions of learn- 
ing in the State), and, upon the completion of his 
studies in 1836, removed to Cleveland, where he en- 
tered the law-office of Messrs. I'aync & Wilson as a 
student. 

While thns employed he received, in 1837, an 
appointment as deputy collector of the port of Cleve- 



land, which posiliiiii, with :i brii'f intciTUpl ion, he 
retained for eighteen years. During that tinu' he 
effected many useful reforms and improvements in 
the management of the custom-house, and received 
from the secretary of the treasury a gift of ^U^M as an 
acknowledgement of his zeal and energy. 

During the first yeai-s of his holding the oflice he 
continued his law studies, and in due season was 
admitted to practice in both the Slate and United 
States courts. In 1844 he joined .Mr. Robert I'arks 
in a law partnership which continued until the death 
of that gentleman in 18G0. In 1848 and 184!» he was 
elected township-clerk of Cleveland (an important 
office) by overwhelmingly large majorities, and in 
1840 was chosen a member of the city council. 

In 1855 Mr. Cross entered upon the most impor- 
tant entcrpri.se of his life, that of coal-mining. In 
company with Oliver IT. Pen-y ho purchased one 
hundred and fifty acres of land, and leased several 
other tracts, upon Mineral Ridge, in the Mahoning 
valley, the coal deposits in which were beginning to 
promise imi)ortanl results if properly worked. Messi-s. 
Perry & Cross entered prom])lly and actively into the 
business of coal mining, and soon landed upon the 
Cleveland docks, via the Pennsylvania and Ohio 
canals, the first cargoes of coal shijjpcd from Mineral 
Ridge to Cleveland. 

In 1859 Mr. Perry transferred his interest to 
Henry B. Payne, the firm being continued as D. W. 
Cross & Co. In 1800 it received an additional part- 
ner in the person of Lemuel Crawford, who retired 
in isijl and was succeeded by Isaac Newton; the 
firm name being changed to Cross, Payne & Co. 
Business operations were at this time materially 
widened by the purchase of new coal mines, by the 
construction of docks, and by the bnihling of a rail- 
way to connect the Summit Bauk with the canal, at ^ 
Middlcbury. 

In 1807 Mr. Cross retired fiom tlu^ lirm of Cross, 
Payne & Co., and rested awhile upon the fruits of 
his industry. 

Since his retirement from the lirm. however, Mr. 
Cross hiis retained his connection with the coal interest 
to a considerable extent, and is to-day the owner of 
some of the most valuable coal lands in tlic State. 
His identification with the early coal trade of the 
Mahoning valley, and its prosperous development 
under his effoi-fs, were facts of such imjiortance, not 
only in his career but in that of Cleveland, that it 
would be very diflicult to separate entirely the his- 
tory of his life from that of the great business just 
alluded to. 

His was the niiiul that saw how imi)ortant and 
necessary it was that Cleveland should have cheap 
coal, to the end that she might become a great manu- 
facturing city, and in opening the way for choa]) fuel 
he furnished the opportunity for which Cleveland hail 
so long waited. 

Although no longer immediately connected with 
the coal trade, Mr. C^ross is still act ivelv engaged in 



346 



THE CITY OP CLEVELAND. 



important business enterprises, for a temperiuiient 
like liis could not be well satisfied with entire inactiv- 
ity; but, naturall}', be enjoys substantial immunity 
from the anxieties and labors incident to bis earlier 
experience. The interests of three important manu- 
facturing corporations receive the benefits of his atten- 
tion. Of each of two of these — the Winslow Car Roofing 
Company and the Cleveland Steam Gauge Company — 
he is the president, and of a third — the Amherst Stone 
Company — he is a director. To the conduct of these 
extensive enterprises Mr. Cross gives careful heed, 
and their substantial success testifies to his excellent 
administration. 

He is a life member of tlie Western Reserve and 
Xortliern Ohio Historical Society, and a member of 
the Kirtland Society of Natural History. AVith both 
organizations he has long been closely associated, and 
to the latter has contributed nian\' valuable specimens. 
He was, in his younger days, a prominent member of 
the Cleveland Grays, and in 183T was the secretary of 
that organization. For n)any years subsequent to 
1839 he was the secretary of the Cleveland Lyceum, 
a popular debating society of that period. 

Since the beginning of his residence in Cleveland 
Mr. Cross has been a devoted disciple of Nimrod and 
Isaak Walton, and to this day finds his attachment to 
the sports of hunting and angling undimmed. These 
are his favorite relaxations, and, in his leisure hours, 
he follows them quite as eagerly as of yore. 

He was one of the founders of the renowned Win- 
ous Point Shooting Club, which owns over ten thou- 
sand acres of land near Sandusky Bay, and which, in 
its appointments and scope of action, is far beyond 
any similar organization in the country. In connec- 
tion with Dr. Darby (taxidermist), T. K. Bolton, E. 
A. Brown, L. M. Hubby and others, he contributed 
largely toward securing the superb collection of game 
birds now ornamenting the reception rooms of the club. 

As an angler Mr. Cross is not only an enthusiast 
but an authority. From the Adirondacks to Lake 
Superior, streams and lakes have paid tribute to his 
skill, and in company with Prof. Horace A. Ackley 
and Dr. Thomas Garlick — tlie pioneers of artificial 
fish-culture in America — he has passed many a busy 
hour upon the shores of Lake Erie in the successful 
pursuit of the finny tribe. It was through Professor 
Ackley's persuasion that Mr. Cross wrote the " Pis- 
catonarium," first 2nil)lished in the Cleveland Herald 
and afterward in Dr. Kirtland's Fumihj Visitor, and 
the Spirit of tlic Tiincx, as well a.s in other leading 
journals. 

Another article from Mr. Cross' pen, entitled "Big 
and Small Mouth Bass, and How a Trout takes a Fly," 
published in the Chicago Field of the date of Febru- 
ary 8, 1870, assisted materially in settling a vexed 
question among scientific sportsmen. 

In the evening of his days, Mr. Cross enjoys the satis- 
faction of having sturdily battled with the difficulties 
of life and of having jiroduced impoi-tant results, ben- 
eficial alike to himself and the community. The les- 



son of such a life needs no elaboration, since it is con- 
veyed in unmistakable terms by the simple record of 
the events. 

The wife of Mr. Cross was not only an amiable 
companion but was a valuable coadjutor in building 
up her husband's fortunes. She was Miss Loraine P. 
Lee, of Bloomfield, New York, and was married to 
Mr. Cross in 1840. In 18T3 she visited Europe and 
spent eighteen months in extended travel, of which 
she recorded her imin-essions in a series of highly in- 
teresting letters to the Cleveland Leader. Shortly 
after her return she fell ill, and passed to her rest on 
the 23d of .January, 187.5. Devoted to her home and 
family, endeared to a large circle of friends, and fore- 
most in acts of charity and love, her name remains 
embalmed in the affectionate remembrance of all who 
knew her. 



.JOHN CROWELL. 

This gentleman, a talented lawyer and politician, 
was born at East Haddam, Middlesex county, Con- 
necticut, on the 15th of September 1801. His grand- 
father, Samuel Crowell, was born at Chatham, Barn- 
stable county, Massachusetts, March 10, 1742, of 
which place his ancestors for several generations had 
been natives. In 17G9 or 1770 he married Jerusha 
Tracy, of East Haddam, by whom he had five sons, 
viz: William, Samuel, Eliphaz, .John and Hezekiah, 
and also one daughter who died in infancy. Samuel 
Crowell, Sr., died at East Haddam in 1810. 

Of this family, William, the eldest son, was the 
father of the subject of this sketch. He was boi-n at 
East Haddam on the 10th of July, 1771. His wife, 
Ruth Peck, daughter of Daniel Peck, was born in the 
same town in August of the same year. In the au- 
tumn of 1806, he, with his wife and a family of nine 
children (afterward increased to fourteen), removed to 
Ohio and settled in Rome, Ashtabula county, where 
he spent the remainder of his life. 

The Western Reserve was at that time an almost 
unbroken wilderness and but sparsely inhalntcd. 
Mr. CrowelFs family was the first in the township of 
Rome, and their nearest neighbors on the south were 
eighteen miles distant. For a few years after their 
settlement the privations of the pioneers were very 
severe. Food, shelter and clothing were only to be 
obtained by the most arduous exertions. Yet the 
forests were quickly turned into fruitful fields, and 
rude dwellings speedily erected. The hardships were 
borne with womanly patience and manly fortitude, 
and all honor is due the noble pioneers through whose 
labors the Western Reserve has become what it is to- 
day. 

The t)oyhood of John Crowell was spent among the 
most primitive scenes. His father was a carpenter, 
and with the assistance of his two eldest sons built 
most of the framed dwellings for miles around. 
Thus Jolin was left at home to assist in clearing and 
cultivating the farm. He possessed a vigorous con- 



BIOGKAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



347 



stitutiou and more than ordinary strength, and sur- 
passed most of his associates in the power of |ihysical 
eudu ranee. 

His lahor on the farm was continued until lie 
readied iiis majority, and tliongh lie had occasionally 
.ittended a winter term of the common school — kept 
in a log cabin — he was substantially destitute of books, 
and the means of instruction and improvement which 
tliey afford. During his minority he also attended 
for a few months a select school in Jefferson, taught 
by Mr. Thomas W'lielpley, and spent one winter un- 
der the instruction of the late Kev. John Hall, while 
that gentleman was a student of theology. 

In the month of November, 1822, young Crowell 
went on foot to Warren, in order to avail himself of 
the advantages offered by an academy which had 
been establislicd in that place a short time i)revious. 
The school at that time was conducted by Mr. E. R. 
Thompson, a graduate of Cambridge University, and 
a most worthy gentleman, who is remembered by Mr. 
Crowell with atfcctionate regard. He continued in 
the academy with slight interruption until February, 
1825, and then commenced the study of law in the 
office of Thomas L. Webb, of Warren, remaining un- 
der his instruction until admitted to the bar in 1827. 
While prosecuting his studies he supported himself 
by teaching school, and for six months of the last 
year previous to his admission he was princi])al of the 
academy. Immediately after his admission to the 
bar he opened an office in Warren, and commenced the 
ju'actice of his profession. Having purchased Mr. 
William Quintry's interest in the Western Reserve 
C/iroiticIc, he became the partner of George Hapgood 
in the ownership of that establishment, and also the 
editor of the paper, which he conducted for several 
years. During the long and severe contest for the 
presidency between General Jackson and John Qnincy 
.Vdams, he was a staunch sui)i)orter of the latter. 

A man of his ability and enterjirise could not re- 
main long in obscurity, and his talents soon procured 
for him an extensive practice and a commanding po- 
sition at the bar. Mr. Crowell's attention, however, 
was not entirely absorbed by his profession or his 
newspaper. He took a deei> interest in all (piestions 
pertaining to the moral and intellectual improvement 
of the [icojile of the surrounding country. He was 
one of tlie earliest advocates of the princijiles of tem- 
perance, and assisted in organizing in Warren one of 
the (irst temperance societies in the West. 

Mr. Crowell was also one of the prime movers in 
the organization of the first colonization society, of 
which he was appointed secretary, and devoted both 
time and energy to its support. At length, however, 
finding it not adapted to the purpose for which it was 
originated — tiic alleviation of the sufferitigs of the 
slaves — he, with (ierritt Smith and others, abandoned 
the society, but not by any means the cause of the 
oppressed. 

Mr. Crowell continued in active practice until 1840, 
when he was elected to the senate of Ohio from 



Tnnul)ull cnuiily, on (lie Whig ticket. He possessed 
in a pre-emineiil degree all the higher qualities of a 
successful politician, and soon l)ccame the aekiK)wl- 
edged leader of his party in his district. In 184G he 
was unanimously nominated to Congress, and was 
elected l)y a decisive majority, his ojiponents being R. 
P. Ranncy and John Hutchins. In 1848 he was 
elected by an increased majority over Judge Ranney. 
In (Congress he was made a member of tiie commit- 
tee on claims and of the committee on Indian affairs. 
In July, 1848, he made an able speech in the House 
on the subject of " Slavery in the District of Colum- 
bia," in which he earnestly protested against the slave 
trade and depicted in a fearful manner some of the 
abhorent practices attendant upon the traffic in hu- 
man beings. In one instance he says: "Slavery is 
now, as it always has been, a disturbing element in 
the Government, and there is every reason to believe 
it will remain so till the last vestige of it is swept 
away." In conclusion he aptly ((uoted what Addison 
had said of Italy nearly one hundred and fifty years 
before : 

"How has kind Heaven adorned this happy land, 
And scattered blessings with a wasteful hand! 
Dut what avail her unexhausted stores. 
Her Ijlooniingr mountains, and her sunny shores. 
With all the gifts that Heaven and earth impart, 
The smiles of Nature, and the charms of Art, 
While proud oppression in her valleys reigns 
And tyranny usurps her hapjiy phtins.'' 

In 18.50, during a long and exciting deliate relative 
to the admission of California into the Union as a free 
State, he delivered a speech which attracted general 
attention, and in which he again expressed in the 
strongest terms his sentiments in regard to the exten- 
sion of slavery. 

After his retirement from Congress he removed, in 
1852, to Cleveland, and resumed the practice of law. 
In 1862 he was elected president of the Oliio State and 
Union Law College, and continued in that position 
until 187G, when, on account of failing health, he was 
obliged to resign. The arduous duties of the i)lace 
were most satisfactorily discharged, and his lectures 
were highly appreciated for their depth of thought 
and practical application. The title of LL. D. was 
conferred upon him by the Law College about the 
time of his appointment to the presidency. 

He was also, for some time, chief editor of The 
Western Law Monthly, pulilished in Cleveland, which 
contained a series of biograpliical sketches from his 
l)en. 

Mr. Crowell delivered several courses of lectures in 
the Homo.^opathic college, on account of wliich he 
received the honorary degree of 31. D., and was made 
dean of the faculty. 

He served in the State militia nearly twentv years, 
holding the ollice of brigadier general, and being 
finally elected major general. 

He is, and always has been, an earnest advocate of 
common schools; and, looking upon Christianity as 
tiie true basis of civilization, he has throiiirhont his 



348 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



life been a decided supporter of the Christian Church. 
Forty years or more ago he assisted in founding the 
first Episcopal church in Warren, and held an office in 
that parish until his removal to Cleveland. He is still 
a member of the Episcopal Church, but is Protestant 
and EvaDgclical, not Catholic, and therefore expresses 
himself as decidedly opposed to turning parish churches 
into recruiting stations, and the clergymen into drill- 
sergeants for the Church of Eonie. 

Mr. Crowell is not only a learned and accomplished 
lawyer, but also takes high rank as a classical scholar. 
Ilis knowledge of history, ancient and modern, and 
of English literature, is critical and scholarly. He 
possesses clear and enlarged views of the the princi- 
ples of legal science, in its broadest sense, ripe culture 
and an exemplary character, and has filled the numer- 
ous positions of honor and trust to whicii he has been 
chosen with marked ability and unvarying fidelity. 
His success in life is due to the high and noble (]ual- 
ities of his mind, to courage undaunted by the greatest 
obstacles, untiring industry and sound judgment. 
His natural gifts, physical and mental, have been 
thoroughly disciplined and cultivated. His addresses, 
lectures and bi(>gra])hical sketches were models of 
elegant diction and full of valualjlo and interesting 
points. 

As a political leader he enjoyed the fullest confi- 
dence of his party, and the respect of all. He has 
been a member and earnest supporter of the Republi- 
can party since its organization. Asa citizen ho is 
highly esteemed and alcove reproach. He is now an 
invalid, and has retired fi'om active business. After 
many years of labor, in i)ublic and private life, he 
enjoys the pleasures of a (jniet home, the society of a 
large circle of friends and acr|uain(ances, and the well- 
earned privilege of spending the rem;iinder of his (hiys 
in ease and quiet. 

Mr. Crowell was married in 1833 to Kliza 15. Esta- 
brook, of Worcester, Massachusetts. To them have 
been born five children, four of whom are living, one 
having died in infancy. They are Julia K., widow of 
Col. Henry G. Powers; Eliza 8., widow of the late 
Henry F. Clark; John Crowell, Ji-., a lawyer of the 
firm 1)1 yi. L). Loggctt i& i'u., and William Crowell. 



CHAPTER LXVli 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES CONTINUED 
J. H Devereux— W. II. Doan-D. P. Eells-S. T. Everett^James Fanin-i- 
— S. O. Giiswold-^E. n. Hale— T. P. Handy- Briijaniin Harrington— H. 
J. Herrick— B. R. Hevrick-0. J. Hodge— O. \V. Howe— J. M. Hoyt— 
H. B, Hurlbut— John Hutchns— Levi Jobnsun -Alfred Kelley— T, M. 
Kelley— C. G. King- Zenas King— R. F. Paine— R. C. Parsons— H. B. 
Payne— F.W. Pelton- Jacob Perkins— Nathan Ferry- H. H. Poppleton. 

.JOHN HENRY DEVEKEUX. 

John Henry Uevereux, son of Captain John 
Deverenx, of the merchant marine, was born at Bos- 
ton. AfassMcliusetts. April 5, 183:^. His ancestors 



were among the first settlei-s of the colony of Massa- 
chusetts Bay. He has also a long ancestry in the aris- 
tocracy of the Old World, being of the twenty-sixth 
generation in England and of the seventh in this 
country, in direct lineal descent from Robert de 
Ebroicis, or Robert D'Evreux, known in history as 
one of the Norman conquerors of England in 1000. 

He was educated at Portsmouth (New Ham])shiie) 
Academy, and, early in 1848, left his home in Massa- 
chusetts and came to Ohio in the capacity of a civil 
engineer. 

At that time he was but sixteen years old, a very in- 
dependent and high-spirited boy, possessed of un- 
daunted courage and unbounded enterprise. On 
arriving at Cleveland, he was at once emi)loyed as a 
constructing engineer on the Cleveland, Columbus and 
Cincinnati railroad. After its completion he found 
similar employment on the Cleveland, Paiuesville 
and Ashtabula railroad. 

In 1853 he went south, and, until 1801, was en- 
gaged as civil engineer in the construction of rail- 
roads in Tennessee. He was jn'ominently connected 
with the internal improvements of that State and 
section, and was refei'ee in several imi)ortant cases, 
as to location and construction. He became the lead- 
ing spirit in railroad affairs, and had delormined upon 
residing there the remainder of his life, but on the 
breaking out of the war he left Tennessee — regretfully 
and regretted. 

In the spring of 1803, after having made a recon- 
noissance for a military railroad in tiie iShcnaiidoah 
valley, he received the ai)pointmeiit of superintendent 
of military railroads in Virginia, and under it had 
charge of all railroads out of Alexandria, and con- 
nected therewith. It was early in the spring of 1803 
that the forward movements of the Federal armies in 
Virginia called for active operation, by the govern- 
ment, of the railroad lines centering in Alexandria 
and connecting with Washington. These lines of 
railroads were in the most deplorable condition, and 
in the midst of chaos, and of inij)erative demands for 
endless transportation to and from the advancing 
armies, General McCallum was suddenly called to 
the head of the department of railroads, and in turn 
summoned Colonel Deverenx to act as the controller 
and chief of the Virginia lines. 

The work was herculean, and its difficulties were 
well nigh insurmountable; theconstant assaults of the 
enemy upon the roads being almost equaled in in- 
jurious effect by the intolerance and ignorance of 
Fedei-al officers, whose ambition by turns extended to 
the special ownershi]) and directio.n of every mile of 
tiack, and every car and locomotive. No definite 
line was drawn between the jurisdiction of the chiefs 
of the road management, of the War Department, and 
of the army, but the unwritten law was none the less 
exacting as laid down by quartermaster's and commis- 
saries' dei>artments, by ordnance and hospital depart- 
ments, by the chiefs in command in the field. Through 
the whole ran the demands necessitated by the move- 




htp 



QA^rvKjUui^^tS 



(I 



II 



BIOGEAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



349 



DU'iit of liir^a' bodies cif troops, of l]:i(,|,eries iiiul 
j)oiitooii trains, and the i;arriaj;'e of tlie sick anil 
Wounded. 

'I'lie roads were inl'esled with .snspicioiis churuuters 
and peddlci's, and tiic trains swarmed with tliese, to 
llie injury of every in Iciest in the service. There was 
no time for preparation. Colonel Devercux plunged 
into the chaotie mass, and, meeting unmoved each ob- 
stacle, laid at once the foundation of discipline and 
brought the strictest order and obedience into almost 
instant action. He filled the reconstructed shops 
with tools, and the roads with ade<|natc eiiuij)ments; 
ipiielly and jjatiently but persistently developed the 
systt'Ui of military I'ailroad law, and made it harmo- 
ni/.c with the regulations of each department, lie 
swept away with a single sti'okc every peddlei', and 
leech, and spy. and thief from the trains, which now 
liecami! in reality ••through trains of government siiji- 
plies," as the orders rc(|uiivd, and were inannod and 
olVu^u'ed with the most rigid discipliiu'. He organ- 
ized a corps of inspection and detection which swept 
away all that was bad or siisi>ieious, and made his eye 
eye the chief sentinel of the army, before which every- 
thing and everybody had to pass for recognition and 
approval. 

With strong juaetical sense he avoided clashing 
Ijctween the departments by litting the vast machine 
of transportation to their wants, and thus aided greallv 
all the plans of General Ilaiipl, as of his prcdecessoi-, 
General McCallum. With unwearied eiiergy he de- 
velo|)e<l the resources of the same jionderous machine 
until Alexandria became the center of a great system, 
that worked with the jirecision of a chronomelcr in 
the distribution, under his hand, of countless stores, 
munitions, and troops. It mattered but little how 
iiiaiiy roadways or bridges were destroyed by the en- 
emy, the railroad trains were never behind. .Major 
(ieiieral Meade jjarticiilarly was siip))lied with rations 
and forage '•so magnilieently," as he expressed it, un- 
der all circumstances, that his repeatedly expressed 
appreciation removed the last obstacle that might 
have remained to cause friction to the system. 

It was a gallant thing, with I'ope's army driven 
back and scattered in confusion, to bring into Alex- 
andria every car and engine in saftey — in some cases 
working the cars u[) the grades by hand while the 
ground trembled with the shock of battle. Such work 
as this he reiieatedly i)eri'orni(d. 1 1 was a noble labor, 
that of caring for the sick and wounded, which was 
niaile a |)art of the military railroad work, and the 
United States Sanitary Commission gratefully ac- 
knowledged his constant and valuable aid in this direc- 
tion. No otlicer stood better with the War Secretary 
nor with the l'resi<lcnt, and, holding a position which 
could have been turned into a source of iinuicnse per- 
sonal gain, his integrity was beyond doubt — no man 
dared even attempt to bribe him. lie directed and 
moved men and nnichines by a thorough system, and 
the result was great smoothness in operation and pre- 
cision in management; hence the promptness of 



movement and immunity from serious accident which 
marked the working of these military railroads. 

In the spring of 18G4 the military railroad woik 
was drawing to a close, and Col. Dcvereux felt at lib- 
erty to heed the calls made for liis services in civil 
life. During his connection with the Army of the 
Potomac he had won the good will and respect of all, 
and the entire confidence of the leading men in the 
army and the government with whom liis position 
brought him in contact. His resignation was re- 
ceived with sincere regret, and he bore with him to 
Ohio the hearty good wishes of those with whom he 
had been associated. Accepting the management of 
the Cleveland and Pittsburg railroad, he was its vice 
president and general superintendent for live years, 
and under his control it was one of the most judicious- 
ly managed roads in the State. 

In ISGti he was invited to become vice j)resident of 
the Lake Shore railroad conii)any, and soon after ac- 
cepting that position he was elected to the presidency. 
When the consolidation of the Lake Shore road with 
the connecting lines between Buffalo and Chicago was 
effected, under the name of the Lake Shore and -Mich- 
igan Soiithcrii railroad company, he was api)ointcd 
general manager, and had executive control of this 
groat line with all its connections and branches. 
Uuring his government the line was very successful, 
anil its reimtation among railroads for safety and ac- 
ciinimodation to the i)ublic, and jirudentand econom- 
ical managemenl in the interests of the stockholders, 
stood deservedly high. 

The estimate placed ujion his ability as a railway 
manager was so high that in June, IHVd, he received 
overtures from the Atlantic and Great Western and 
the Cleveland, (!ohimbus, Cincinnati and lndiana]>o- 
lis railiiiad i-ompanies of such a character that he 
could not iu justice to his own interests refuse the 
oiler. He accepted and held, at the same time, 
the [)osition of jirosident of both the companies. At 
the same lime he was president of minor railroad 
ciir]>orations, whose lines formed part of the system of 
I he larger companies under his direction. 

When he assumed control of the Atlantic and 
Great Western railroad its fortunes were at a low 
ebb. Laboring under the most disconraging odds, 
he succeeded in putting the line in the best condition 
under the circumstances, but at the close of the year 
1874 it was deemed useless to continue the struggle, 
until a change in its financial condition hud been ef- 
fected. He was accordingly made receiver, and 
shortly afterwards resigned his position as president 
and director, as incom]>atiblc with that of receiver 
appointed by the courts. His ajipointmcnt to the 
position just named was received with satisfaction 
by all concerned, who knew that their clashing inter- 
ests were in safe and honorable hands. 

Although never a politician, Col. Dcvereux has al- 
ways manifested an active interest in public affairs. 
Twice he was tendered a nomination to Congress, but 
declined. He is a man of large brain, great capacity 



350 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



for work, generous impulses and a benevolent heart. 
He is a member of the Episcopal Church, and very ac- 
tive in its affairs, particularly in missionary and 
Sunday-school work, laboring zealously and giving 
freely to aid the cause of religion. In the Masonic 
order he ranks high, and in 1800 was elected Thrice 
Illustrious Grand Master of the Grand Council of Ten- 
nessee. 

He was married in 1851 to Miss Antoinette C. 
Kelsey, daugliter of Hon. Lorenzo A. Kelsey, for- 
merly mayor of Cleveland. They have four children. 



WILLIAM II. DOAN. 

William H. Doan is descended from one of the 
oldest families in the country, which has, for genera- 
tions, supplied many substantial and worthy mem- 
bers to the community. The name is an old one in 
the county of Cheshire, England, and is thus alluded 
to in the " Patronymica Bi'ittanica" by Lower: 

"Done — A great Cheshire family, whom Omerod 
designates as a 'race of warriors' who held Utkinton 
(supposed to be the Done of Domesday) as military 
tenants of Venables from the time of King John. 
The chiefs of this house will be found in the battle- 
rolls of Agincourt, Bloreheath and Flodden. The 
name is pronounced Done (o long) and is also spelled 
Doane by members of the same (Cheshire) family." 

John Doan, the founder of the Doan family in 
this country, crossed the Atlantic in one of the three 
first ships that sailed to Plymouth, landing at that 
famous spot in the year 1C30. A brother came after- 
ward and settled in Canada, and another brother 
settled in Virginia, where he founded an extensive 
family. John Doan took a prominent and useful 
part in the allairs of Plymouth colony, and in 1G33 
was chosen assistant to Governor Winslow. In addi- 
tion to that and other civil offices which he hold, he 
was made a deacon in the church at Plymouth and at 
Eastham. He died in 1085 at the advanced age of 
ninety-five years. His wife's name was Abigail, and 
by her he had five children — Lydia, Abigail, John, 
Ephraiin and Daniel. 

Daniel had four children by his first wife, among 
whom was Joseph Doan, who was born June 27, 
lOGiJ. Joseph had twelve children by two wives. He 
was a deacon of the church at Eastham for forty 
years, and was a pious and God-fearing man. His 
first child was named Mary after her mother, and the 
second, Josejjh, after his father. Jose])h, Jr., was 
born November 15, 1093, and married Deborah Had- 
dock Sei)tember 30, 1735. Ho moved to Middle 
lladdam, near Middletown, on the Connecticut river, 
and there engaged in shijj-building. His children 
were Jose])h, Nathaniel, Seth, Eunice and Phineas. 

Seth was born June 9, 1733, and married Mercy 
Parker in 1758. Both died in 1802. They had nine 
children — Seth, Timothy, Elizabeth, Nathaniel, Job 
(who died early), Mercy, Job, John M. and Deborah. 
The two Seth Doans, father and sou, were taken pris- 



oners by the British from a merchant vessel in 1770, 
during the Revolution, the father at the time being 
mate of the vessel on which he was captured. They 
were released in 1777, and soon after the younger 
Seth died from sickness contracted while a prisoner, 
and due to his captivity. 

Nathaniel, fourth child of Seth and Mercy Doan, 
was born about the year 170-i. He came to Cuyahoga 
county, Ohio, in 1790, with the party which surveyed 
the Western Reserve, and in 1798 moved thither with 
his family. The route of emigration was down the 
Connecticut river, along the coast by vessel to New 
York, up the Hudson river, across by land to Lake On- 
tario and thence by boat to the mouth of the Cuya- 
hoga river. The family lived in the then little village 
of Cleveland until the next fall, when they removed to 
what is now the east part of the city of Cleveland, 
settling at the " Corners," just west of Wade Park. 

Nathaniel Doan was a man of great piety and of 
sterling qualities. The first Presbyterum church- 
society in the Western Reserve was organized in his 
house, and was known as the First Presbyterian 
church", of which he was appointed deacon. He mar- 
ried Sarah Adams, of Chatham, Connecticut. His 
children were Sarah, Job (who died young). Job, 
Delia, Nathaniel and Mercy. He died November 29, 
1815. 

Job, his eldest son, was born June 10, 1789, and 
was nine years of age when he came with his father to 
Ohio, where he experienced in liis youth all the pri- 
vations of pioneer life. At the age of twenty-six he 
was married to Harriet Woodruff, daughter of Na- 
thaniel and Isabel Woodruff, of Morris county. 
New Jersey. She was born August 31, 1797, and 
came to Ohio in 1814. Job Doan took a prominent 
part in the affairs of the town and county. He was a 
Whig in politics, and in 1832 and 1833 was a mem- 
ber of the legislature. He was also a justice of the 
peace for many years. He likewise built and kept the 
first hotel in East Cleveland. Although he had but 
a limited education himself, he was a liberal sujiporter 
of educational interests, and was also an enterprising 
and public-spirted citizen, charitable and generous to 
a fault. He died on the 30th of September, 1834, of 
cholera. He had eight children, Nathaniel Adams, 
Sarah C, who is now the wife of John Walters, Har- 
riet J., Lucy Ann, Martha M. (who died in infancy), 
William 11., Martha M., and Edwin W. 

William H. Doan, the subject of this sketch, was 
born in Cleveland, Oliio, on the 3d of July, 1828. He 
was educated in the public schools, and the Shaw 
Academy of Euclid, also attending Mr. Beatty's pre- 
paratory school in Cleveland. At the age of twenty 
he entered the law office of Hitchcock, Wilson & 
Wade where he remained nine months. Soon after- 
ward he generously voluntered to go to Sandusky to 
assist in caring for the sufferers by the cholera, and 
remlered faithful service until the disease aljated. 

In 1849 he went to California, and remained in 
^hat State a period of ten years, engaged in various 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



351 



IHii-.suits, such as mining, trading, etc. His business 
venLures ])roving unsuccessful, lie returned to Ohio, 
and, after remaining one year in Cleveland, went 
to Corry, Pennsylvania, where he resided from 1801 
to 1S(!5. During that time he was engaged in build- 
ing shanties along the lino of the Atlantic and Great 
Western railroad, and served as an employee in various 
positions on the Oil Creek railroad. He also went 
into tbe eommission business, selling crude oil, with 
a ])artnor, under the firm name of W. II. Doan & Co. 
The tiado in oil rapidly increasing, lie removed to 
Cleveland, where he entered more extensively into 
the trartic. He subsef|nently engaged in the manu- 
facture of oils iind naphtha, which has proved moder- 
ately successful. He employs at the present time 
11 fly hands, having considerably extended the busi- 
ness. 

As a citizen Mr. Poan deservedly takes a high rank. 
A member of the Congregational church, in which he 
holds the oHiccs of deacon and trustee, he has contrib- 
uted freely, both in time and money, to the interests 
of Christianity and cbarity. In jniblic enterprise and 
benevolent projects he is ever ready and willing to 
lend a heljiing hand. 

He originated and built, mostly with his own funds, 
the Tabernacle, located on the corner of St. Clair and 
Ontario streets, which he has devoted to the use of the 
people of Cleveland. He is deeply interested in the 
Sunday school work, serving at present as superin- 
tendent of the Tabernacle school. In politics he is a 
Prohibitionist, being an active and untiring worker in 
tiie cause of temperance. His many social (jualities 
and iiersonal virtues have won the esteem of a large 
circle of friends, and theresjiect of all with whom he 
he has been brought in contact. He was married on 
the ;}lHt of July, USUI, to Miss E. .1. HchhikI, of 
New York City. 



DAN P. EELLS. 

Major Samuel Eells came to this country from 
Barnstable, I^ngland, and settled in Dorchester, Mas- 
sachusetts, iirobably in tiie year 1033, where his son, 
Samuel, was born. Major Eells returned to England 
while his son was yet a babe, and remained until 
Samuel, Jr., was twenty-one years old, who then re- 
turned to the land of his nativity, and settled at Mil- 
ford, Connecticut, where he was a lawyer and an ollicer 
m the army. He died at Hingham, Massachusetts, 
at the age of sixty-nine. Nathaniel, his third son, was 
graduated at Harvard University, and was settled iis 
pastor over the church at Scituate, Massachusetts. 
Edward Eells, son of Nathaniel, was also graduated at 
Harvard, and was settled over the church at Midtlle- 
town, Connccticnt. James Eells, son of Edward, wjis 
graduated at Yale College in 1703, and like his two 
preceding ancestors became a clergyman, being settled 
over the church at (!la.stonbury, Connecticut. His 
son, James, was also graduated at Yale in 1790, and 
was past(tr over the Presbyterian church in Westmore- 



land, Oneida county. New York, in 1S04. lie re- 
moved to Ohio m 1831, where he resided in \V(H-th- 
ington, Franklin county, in Charlestown, Portage 
county, and in Amherst, Lorain county, until the 
death of his wife, in 1810, after which he lived in the 
families of his sons until May 3, 1850, when he died 
at Grafton, Lorain county, from lieing injured by a 
locomotive on the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati 
railroad. 

Rev. James Eells had seven children, one of whom, 
a daughter, died in infancy. The remaining six, fiv'e 
sons and one daughter, all born in Westmoreland, 
Oneida county. New Y'ork, lived to mature years. 

James Henry was educated at Hamilton College 
and Princeton Theological Seminary, was pastor of 
the Presbyterian church at Elyria, Ohio, and after- 
ward at Perrysburg, where he was drowned in the 
Maumee river, December 7, 1836. Samuel, born May 
31, 1810, was educated at Hamilton College, where 
he was graduated in 1832. He became a lawyer and 
settled in Cincinnati, where he was for a time a part- 
ner of the late chief justice, S. P. Chase. He was 
the founder of the college society. Alpha Delta Phi, 
and, though less tlian thirty-two years of age at the 
time of his death, he was ranked among the very 
ablest lawyers of his time, and as an advocate had 
no superior at the Cincinnati bar. Mary Lucretia, 
born June 18, 1812, married Dr. Asa B. Brown, 
at Elyria Ohio, December 31, 1835, and died at 
Cleveland February 9, 1855. Timothy D wight, 
born November 1, 1815, died at Cleveland, Ajjril 
18, 1876. James, born August 27, 1822, was edu- 
cated at Hamilton College and Auburn Theolog- 
ical Seminary. He was first settled over the Pres- 
byterian church at Penn Y'an, New Y'ork; was after- 
wards pastor of the Second Presbyterian church in 
Cleveland, and also of the Dutch Peformed church 
on the Ilights, in Brooklyn, New York, whence he 
removed to San Francisco, and became the pastor of 
the First Presbyterian church of that city. He is now 
l)astor of the First Presbyterian church in Oakland, 
("alifornia, and professor of jnistoral theology in the 
S;ui Francisco Theological Seminary. 

Dan Parmlee Eells was born April 16, 1825. He 
entered Hamilton College, but before completing his 
course removed to Cleveland, where he continued his 
studies, being graduated with the class of 1848. In 
March, 1S40, he was given a position in the Com- 
mercial Branch of the State Bank of Ohio. Here 
he remained until 1857, manifesting such decided 
financial abilities and winning so many friends among 
business men, that he was solicited to beconje a part- 
ner in a private banking house, and the firm of Hall, 
Eells & Co. was formed, ^L•. Eells being the manag- 
ing partner. In November, 1858, the managers of 
the Commercial Branch I?ank, desirous of regaining 
his services, elected him their cashier. In this posi- 
tion he remained until 1865, when the charter of the 
institution expired. The Commercial National Bank 
was now organized, and the business of the Commer- 



353 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



cial Branch Bank was transferreri to it. Mr. \V. A. 
Otis was chosen president, and Mr. Eells, vice j)resi- 
dent. On the deatli of Mr. Otis, in 18G8, Mr. Eells 
was elected president, and has remained in that posi- 
tion until the present time. This has heen one of 
tiieiloiirisliinn; banking institutions of the city, having 
a capital stock of $1,250,000, and a large surplus. 
It has always pursued a liberal but prudent policy 
under Mr. Eells' management; the wisdom of which 
is manifest by its large and profitable business. He 
has also been interested in other large business enter- 
prises; being a director and the vice president of the 
Republic Iron Company; a director in the Otis Steel 
and Iron Company, and having large investments in 
numerous manufacturing and other enterprises. 

Although so largely engaged in business, he has al- 
ways found time to assist in all the benevolent jirojects 
of the time. lie is the treasurer of the Cleveland Or- 
phan Asylum, and the Bethel Home has always had 
his warm su])port. When the Cleveland Bible Society 
was organized, in 1857, Mr. Eells was chosen its treas- 
urer, which position he held until 1877, when he was 
elected its president. 

Mr. Eells married Mary, daughter of George A. 
Howard, of Orrville, Ohio, on the 13th of Sejitember, 
1849. They had two children; Howard Pnrmlee, Ijorn 
Jnne 10, 1855, and Emma Paige, born Ai)ril 8, 1857. 
He married as his second wife, Mary, daughter of 
Stilhnau Witt, of Cleveland, on thel5th of June, 1801. 
By this marriage there have been four children, Eliza 
Witt, born July 1, 18G7, who died from injuries by 
explosion of the steamer "Chautaurpia." on Chautau- 
<)ualake, August 15, 1871; Stillman Witt, born April 
24, 1873; and William Hamilton and Winifred Doug- 
lass, (twins), born October 20, 1874; of whom William 
II. died July 10, and Winifred D. July 1 7, 1875. Mr. 
Eells is an elder of the Second Presbyterian church, 
and is one of its most active supporters. A descend- 
ant of a long line of honorable and educated ancestors, 
six generations of whom have been clergymen in 
the New England Presbyterian and Congregational 
churches, Mr. Eells' life has been an example, socially 
and morally, of what may be exjiected from such a 
lineage. 



SYLVESTER T. EVERETT. 

The subject of this sketch, a son of Samuel Ever- 
ett, a prominent merchant and manufacturer, was 
born in Liberty township, Trumbull county, Ohio, 
on the 27th of November, 1838. He Avas educated in 
the common schools of his native town and lived on 
his father's farm until 1850. In that year he came 
to Cleveland, to reside with his brother. Dr. Henry 
Everett; attending the public schools until 1853, 
when he entered the enijdoy of S. Raymond & Co. 
In March of the succeeding year he was admitted to 
a clerkship in the banking house of Brockway, Wa- 
son, Everett & Co., and three years after his en- 
trance was j)romoted to the position of cashier. In 



185ii he was called to Philadelphia. Ponn.-<ylvania. Id 
aid in settling up the affairs of his uncle, Charles 
Everett, Esq., a well known merchant, who was 
about to retire from active business life. After a 
year spent in that work he returned to Cleveland and 
resumed his position in the banking house. 

In 1807, the firm having changed by the retirement 
of two of the partners, he became a member of the 
new firm of Everett, Weddell & Co. In 1809 the 
Republicans nominated him for city treasurer, and 
he was elected by a decided majority. At the end of 
the first year he presented to the council a clear, con- 
cise and complete statement of the financial affairs of 
the city. This had not been done for some time be- 
fore. The outstanding obligations of the city were 
al the same time managed with such ability that, the 
outlay for interest was lai-gely reduced, and the creilit 
of the city was so greatly improved that the municipal 
bonds were sought for by investors at a decided ad- 
vance, and in many instances a premium. This im- 
proved condition of the city's financial management 
continuing, he was renominated at the end of his 
term of two years, and re-elected by a large majority. 

In 1873, at the end of his second term, he was 
nominated by both the Rcjiublican and Democratic 
conventions, and was again elected, receiving the 
largest vote that had ever been polled for one candi- 
date from the organization of the city to that time. 
In 1875, and again in 1877, the same compliment 
was paid him; he lieing a third time the nominee 
of both parties, and elected by a' unanimous vote. 
In 1879 he was unanimously nominated by the Re- 
publican party — the Democrats making a se))arate 
nomination. This election was hotly contested wyou 
local issues, but he nevertheless was elected by about 
five thousand majority, running nearly three thousand 
votes ahead of his ticket. 

The confidence of the public m Mr. Everett's abil- 
ity as a financier, and his trustworthiness as a man, 
was shown not only by his election for six consecutive 
terms to one of the most important and responsible 
positions in the city government, but also by tlie 
other offices of trust to which he was chosen without 
his seeking. In 1870 he was elected one of the direc- 
tors and also vice president of the Second National 
Bank, one of the leading institutions of the State. 
He assumed the management on the 1st of June, 
1870, and the following year was made the president, 
which position he still holds. He is also vice presi- 
dent and treasurer of the Valley Railway Comjiany, 
and it was largely through his influence that funds 
were raised for the com])letion of this road. He is 
a director of the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company; 
of the Union Steel Screw Company; the Citizens' 
Savings and Loan Association; the Saginaw Mining 
Company, Luke Superior; the American District Tel- 
egrajjli Company, and of Everett, Weddell and Co., 
bankers; he is also a director and the treasurer of the 
Northei-n Ohio Fair Association. All these enter- 
prises have found in him an efficient and trustworthy 



ni<)(il!AI'IIICAL HKRTCIIES. 



353 



olliccr. Ill aililition, llic ni;iii;i,j;t'rf; of scvonil olliers 
liuvt'.scfiired liis co-operation, feeling assii red tliut tlie 
tiiist, confided in him would be wisely and fiiitlifiilly 
nuiMMged. His capacity for work is almost unlimited, 
and his financial ability is un(|uestioned, while his uni- 
form good tcm])er, dis]ilayed in all business transac- 
tions, renders him one of the most popular of Cleve- 
land's citizens. He is enterprising and public spirit- 
ed, liberal and benevolent in regard to charitai)lo 
inslitntions and (causes, and highly esteemed in all the 
relaliotis of life. 



.lAMES FAIIMEU. 

.lanios Farmer is a native of (icorgia, having been 
born near Augusta on tlie 10th day of July, 1803. 
His ancestors came from Englaml during the early 
part of the seventeenth century, whore the family had 
l)0('n honorably mentioned since the days of Henry 
the I'lightb, and especially so during the time of 
Charles the Second. 

Mr. Farmer's grandfather lookan active par( on the 
pati-iot side in the stirring scenes of the Revolution, 
participating in numerous battles fought in Georgia 
and the Carolinas. His father, on account of slavery, 
decided to leave the South, and in 1805 moved to 
the then newly admitted State of Ohio, settling upon 
a tract of land in Columbiana county, wiiere he re- 
mained until the fall of 1818, when he removed to 
what is now known as Salineville, in the same county. 

Hero young James grew to manhood, availing him- 
self of such opportunities as then existed for acrjuir- 
ing an education, while devoting a large share of his 
time to helping on the farm and in the manufacture 
of salt, which his father had undertaken. In 1824, 
al the age of twenty-two, the young man leased his 
father's salt works, and, having enlarged them, de- 
voted himself for four years to this industry. 

In 18-28, iiowever, he concluded to extend bis busi- 
ness, and therefore crossed llir lUdUntains lo Piiila- 
di'l|)bia and i)urchased a stock of goods suit.at)le to 
the demands of a new country; thus beginning a 
mercantile career in which lu> continued nearly thirty 
years. 

Fn 1834 Mr. I''armei- was married to .Miss .Mcrib:ih 
liiiller, a young lady of English i)arentagc who had 
)iieviously removed with her parents to Ohio from 
I'biladelphia. 

Ii\ ls:J8 he built what was for (hose times a large 
llouring mill, after which he incrcaseil his business 
l)V [)urchasing wheat and manufacturing it into flour, 
which he shippeil to the cities of New York, Phila- 
del|)hia, Hoston and New Orleans. In carrying on 
these pursuits, Mr. Farmer had occasion to travel very 
widely, thus acipiiriug a knowlege of the great com- 
mercial interests of the country, and coming into 
liusiness relations with a large circle of wealtliy and 
intluential men. 

In 1844, before the era of railways in Ohio, when 
till' transfer of freight and passengers was carried 



on piincipally by water, Mr. Farmer built a line 
steamer which was employed several years in the 
profitable trade of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers; 
running between Pittsburg, Cincinnati, St. Louis and 
New Orleans. In the year 184G Mr. Farmer, with 
his usual enterprise, was foremost in securing a char- 
ter for the Cleveland and Pittsburg railroad company. 
Ho was made its ])resident and devoted his time, 
his money and, what was most important of all, his 
untiring energy, to the construction of the road. 
Under his able management it was completed from 
Cleveland to the Ohio river in about five years. This 
road opened up a large amount of mineral wealth, 
and gave a great impetus to the business of Cleveland, 
especially to the coal trade. 

In 1850 Mr. Farmer removed with his family to the 
"Forest City," and engaged in the coal business; 
having mines of his own which he has worked success, 
fully for the past twenty-five years. Since coming to 
Cleveland he has also identified himself with the man- 
ufacturing of iron, and with the banking interests of 
the city. 

In 1858 Mr. Farmer was again called to the presi- 
dency of the Cleveland and Pittsburg railroad com- 
pany, and in order to facilitate its management the 
superintendency was also assigned him. It was mainly 
through his wise and economical administration that 
the road was kept from falling into the hands of its 
bondholders, a fate that befel many railroads after 
the disastrous financial crash of 1857. In 1859 Mr. 
Farmer, feeling that the company was again uj)on a 
safe footing, retired from the presidency. lie i-e- 
mained a member of the board of directors, however, 
for several years longer, when he withdrew entirely, 
having served the company, in all, nearly twenty 
years. 

Mr. Farmer, although devoting hiinself principally 
to his own business, ever kept the welfare of Cleve- 
land in view, and, as he was convinced that the city's 
greatness depended on its niannfactures, he deter- 
mined to labor for the construction of a new railway 
line to the nearest coal fields. In 1870 he began, 
through the press and otherwise, the agitation of the 
subject, as one of vital importance to the future pros- 
))erity of the city. 

In 1871 the N'allcy railway company was organized, 
the object of which was to build a road from Cleve- 
land l)y way of Akron and Canton, into the very 
heart of the great coal and iroii fields of Oliio. Mr. 
Farmer was chosen president of the company and the 
work of construction begun in the spring of 1873. 
Owing, however, to the great financial crash in the 
fall of that year, the work was sus])ended, but the 
company's alfairs kept in such trim that it was able to 
go on at tlie first opportunity, and in 1878 the first 
rails were laid. At the present time the road is nearly 
comjiletcd to Canton, a distance of sixty miles from 
Cleveland, and its entire success is full}' lussuied. Mr. 
Farmer has thus been the principal promoter of two 
railwavs, one of which has given to Cleveland its 



354 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



great manufacturing importance as well as that large 
part of its commerce whicli depends on its manufac- 
tures, and the other of which promises largelj' to in- 
crease both its commerce and its manufactures. 

Mr. Farmer is now seventy-seven years of age, but 
is still hale and hearty. He has the comjianionship 
of liis wife and five children, and with his children's 
children around him still looks forward to many years 
of useful life. He is an honored member of the Soci- 
ety of Friends. He has never sought political prefer- 
ment, but has moved quietly in the business walks of 
life, devoting his time and energy to enterprises for 
the public good, believing that a man has higher 
duties than the mere acquisition of wealth, and that 
he who lives to benefit mankind lias ennobled his own 
soul, and may well rest when life's labor is done. 

He possesses a well-balanced mind, maturing all his 
plans by careful consideration, has a calm judgment, 
is serene in disposition, and is charitable to the fail- 
ings of others. He is genial as a friend, kind and 
indulgent as a husband and father, and is generally 
esteemed, respected and beloved. He is a close ob- 
server of both men and things, and may truly be said 
to be the architect of his own fortunes. He possesses 
a strong will which has carried him over all obstacles 
in his business enterpi'ises. He has lived to see his 
efforts for the public good crowned with success, and 
is entitled to enjoy the honorable old age that is his. 



SENECA O. GUISWOLD. 

This gentleman, a prominent member of tlie legal 
fraternity of Cleveland, was born at Windsor, Con- 
necticut, on the 20th of December, 1823. He is a 
direct descendant in the sixth generation from Ed- 
ward Griswold, who settled in Windsor in 1635, and 
who was the ancestor of a considerable number of 
men, distinguislied in literature, science and pro- 
fessional life. 

In his youth, Mr. (iriswold attended tiie Snfheid 
Connecticut Literary Institute until he attained his 
seventeenth year. In 1841 he came to Ohio, and the 
following year entered Oberlin College as a member 
of the freshman class. He was graduated in 1845 
and immediately afterward relurned to Connecticut, 
where he taught for one year in the academy of his 
native town. 

Returning to Oliio at the expiration of that time, 
he entered the law oflRce of Messrs. Bolton & Kelly, 
of Cleveland, and remained with them until admitted 
to the bar in 1847. In the spring of 1S48 he formed 
a partnership with the Hon. John C. Oranuis, and at 
once entered on the practice of his profession. After 
remaining in that partnership three years he entered 
the firm of Bolton & Kelly, the name of which then 
became Bolton, Kelly & firiswold. In 1856 Mr. Bol- 
ton was elected to the bench, and the firm then 
changed its name to Kelly & Griswold, which appel- 
lation it retained until thedeatJi of the former gentle- 
man in I8T0. 



In 18G1 Mr. Griswold was elected a member of the 
genei'al assembly, and served one term. While a mem- 
ber of the legislature he afforded valuable assistance 
in organizing tiie raili'oad sinking-fund commissidu 
and also in })rocuring for the city a paid tire depart- 
ment. Tlie year after tlio death of Mr. Kelly he 
formed a copartnership with Mr. Isaac Buckingham, 
a former student, with whom he was associated two 
years. 

He was then, in 1873, elected one of the judges of 
the superior court of Cleveland, and during the same 
year was elected, by both Democrats and Republicans, 
as a member of the State constitutional convention. 
In this convention he held a prominent position, serv- 
ing, with marked ability as chairman of the commit- 
tee on corporations and as a member of the apjior- 
tionment committee. Mr. Griswold was chiefly in- 
strumental in establishing the Cleveland Law Library 
association, of which he was, for many years, tlie))res- 
ident. 

Upon the exjiiration of his judicial term Mr. 
Griswold returned to the practice of his profession 
with renewed ardor, and in 1878 again became 
associated with Mr. Grannis, which connection he 
has maintained to tlie present time. 

He delivered an oration at the centennial celebra- 
tion in the city of Cleveland, on the 4th of July, 1876, 
which was acknowledged by all to be an eloquent and 
able address, well worthy of the occasion which called il 
it forth. \\ 

As a judge Mr. Griswold commanded the res))ect of 
all by his learning and impartiality, and as a lawyer 
he stands in the front rank of the profession; his ex- 
tensive reading, well-balanced judgment and logical i 
reasoning making him a most relialile counselor and 
successful practitioner. 

Mr. Griswold was married, in 1858, to Helen Lucy 
Robinson of Wcstfield, New York. His wife died in 
1871, since when he has remained nnniarricd. 



EDWIN B. HALE, 

The subject of this sketch, who is one of the most 
prominent and successful bankers and business men 
of the city, belongs to one of the oldest and best known 
families in England and the United States; and, 
although it would greatly transcend the limits allowed 
here to trace its history at length and mention all who 
have reflected credit on their ancient and honorable 
name, yet a brief notice of a few jioints nnij' not be 
inappropriate. 

In the history and antiquities of the coinily of 
Essex, England, liy Philij) Mornant, London, 1 '^I'lS. 
we find numerous references to the family of Hales. 
As early as the thirteenth century the family name 
appears among the burgesses in parliament, and is re- 
ferred to in the history of the reigns of Richard 
the First, Edward the Third and their immediate 
successors. Many members of the family were called 
to offices of trust and position by the communities in 



lUOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



355 



wliiuli tliov lived, Mini (lu^ iiaiiu' is muiilioned witli 
licHiDi' ill l)otli civil :ui(l military annals — Sir Mat- 
tlii'w Hale, the upright jiirlge, lieiiig one of the most 
distinguished of the family, 'riieolliee of high sheriff 
of the county was frecjucntly lillcd by -some one bear- 
ing the name of Hale, and th(! family has almost con- 
tinously had a representative in one or liolli houses 
of iiarliameiit. 

Members of the family at. an cai-ly diU' settled in 
New England; the first settler of tliciiainein Con- 
necticut being Samuel H;de, (son of William Hale, 
Esij., of Kings Walden, England, high sheriff of Hert- 
fordshire iu 1G31, who married K-isu, daughter of Sir 
(Jeorge Bond, Knight Lord Mayor of London, in 
l.")S7,) who located in tlic neighborhood of Hartford 
about the year IC-tO. In the annals of (llastonbury, 
Connecticut, (so named from the famous old inonasf ic 
town in England, which was distinguished as a seat 
of learning and where the first Christian (!hurch was 
erected about the year (100) we find the names of his 
deseeudants (|iiite prominent; they being engaged in 
various wars of the olden time — notably in King Phil- 
ip's war, the old I"';enchand Lidian wai'and the warof 
the Itevohition. lu the war of the Revolution no less 
than sixteen able bodied men, heads of families, by 
the name of Hale, all from this small settlement of 
tilastonbury, attached themselves to the army as sol- 
diers and^ave good evidence of their patriotism by 
risking their lives in their country's service. 

Philo Hale, the father of the subject of this sketch, 
was a man of remarkable energy and enterprise, and 
was the first who engaged iu and established the 
business of ship building on the Connecticut river, 
which he conducted successfully until the sudden 
outbreak of the war of 1813. The war ruined 
his business and involved him in serious loss. He 
afterwards traveled extensively abroad, but, finding no 
foreign country like his native land, came back, im- 
proved his broken fortunes and, attracted by the 
bi auty of the prairie country, gave his iiieans and ener- 
gies to the development: of the interests of centi-al Illi- 
nois, where he died in 1848, universally esteemed and 
respected as a ]iublic-spirited citizen. 

The soil of whom we write was born iu Brooklyn, 
Long Island, February 8, 1819. During his infancy 
his parents removed to Connecticut, and gave him in 
early youth the advantages of the best schools. The 
death of his mother, two brothers and a sister, at an 
early period of life, prevented him from entering Vale 
College, and defeated all the family plans for his fur- 
ther education. The young boy then found himself 
ilciiendent upon the symjiathy of distant relatives. He 
came to Ohio, and entered Kcnyon College in 1837, 
where he gave his entire attention to his studies and 
graduated with the honors of his class in 184L having 
a personal fri(Uid in every member of the faeiiltv and 
the kind regard of all his fellow students. Fonil of 
letters, it was his intention to devote himself to the 
pursuts of literature, but after much discussion, and 
rather in deference to the wish of his father, he turned 



his attention to the legal profession and entered the 
otlice of (ioddard & Converse, attorneys at Zanesville, 
Ohio, and was admitted to the bar, after an examina- 
tion conducted by the Hon. Joseph Hoot, in 181.'?. 
After this, business required his presence in Illinois, 
and absorbed his attention for several years. 

In 18.")2, after the death of his father, he removed 
to Cleveland, attracted thither by its beautiful situa- 
tion, its climate, the enterprise of its citizens, and its 
educational and other advantages. He there com- 
menced business as a private banker and is still so 
engaged. Mr. Hale is a strictly conscientious and 
conservative man, cautious and considerate, thought- 
ful and well balanced. In his business relations he is 
highly respected, and his counsel is freely and fre- 
quently sought. Ill his ininiediate social circle genial 
and iileasant, he is cherished and beloved. As a citizen 
he is quiet and unostentatious, but always interested 
in every measure for the public good, and the poor have 
ever found in him a true and sympathetic friend. 

In 184G he was married to the daughter of S. N. 
Hoyt, Esq., of Chardon, Ohio, and now has three 
sons and four daughters living, some of whom are 
married and reside in the immediate neighborhood of 
their father's residence. 



TRUMAN P. HANDY. 

Truman P. Handy was born in Paris, Oneida coun- 
ty, K,ew York, on the 17th day of January, 1807. He 
I'cceived a good education at an academy and made 
preparations for entering college, but at the age of 
eighteen he acceiited a clerkship in the Bank of 
Geneva, in Ontario county in that State. Eivc years 
later he resigned and removed to Buffalo, to assist in 
the organization of the Bank of Biitfalo, in which he 
held the jiosition of teller for one year. 

In 1833 he removed to Cleveland, having been in- 
vited there for the purpose of resuscitating the Com- 
mercial Bank of Lake Erie, established in 1810, the 
charter of which had been purchased by Hon. (ieorge 
Bancroft, of Massachusetts. Mr. Handy accepted 
the post of cashier and reorganized the bank, which 
prospered until 1843, when its charter expired and a 
renewal was refused by the legislature. In the finan- 
cial crash of 1837 it had been compelled to accept 
real estate in settlement of the estate of its involved 
customers, and thus became one of the largest land- 
holdei's in the city. When its business was closed 
Mr. Handy was ajipointed trustee to divide this ]> op- 
erty among the stockholders. This task he completed 
in 1845. 

.^[eanwllile he had, in 1S43, established a private 
banking house under the firm name of T. P. Handy 
& Co., in conducting the business of which he met 
with his accustomed success. In 1845 Mr. Handy 
organized the Commercial Branch Bank, under tlie 
act of legislature of that year authorizing the estab- 
lishment of the State Bank of Ohio. He assumed 
the cashiership and was also the acting manager. The 



356 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



success of bis management of its affairs may be in- 
ferred from tbe fact tbat tbe stockbolders realized an 
average of twenty per cent, on tbeir investments for 
a period of twenty years, nntil tbe termination of the 
ebarter in 18G5. 

In 1801 Mr. Handy was called upon to revive tbe 
credit of anotber important institution, wbieb bad 
been seriously crippled by tbe failure of tbe Ohio Life 
and Trust Company. He accepted the presidency of 
tbe establishment in question (tbe Mercliants' Branch 
of the State Bank of Ohio), and under bis manage- 
ment it rapidly recovered its lost ground. In Febru- 
ary, 1865, it was reorganized as the Merchants' Na- 
tional Bank under tbe United States banking law, 
with a capital of one million dollars, six hundred 
thousand of which were paid in. Mr. Handy was 
elected president of the reorganized institution, and 
conducted its affairs with great success. 

From 1850 to 1860 be also served as treasurer of 
the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati railroad 
company, and managed its finances witli sagacity and 
skill. This position he resigned in 1800, but has ever 
since been a director of tbe company. 

Mr. Handy was also among the first to demonstrate 
the practicability of establishing a profitable commerce 
with Europe, direct from tbe lake ports. In 1858 he 
despatched three of a fleet of ten merchant vessels, 
mostly laden with lumber and staves, which left 
Cleveland for English ports, and since that time there 
has been more or less direct trade maintained between 
Europe and tbe ports of tbe American lakes. 

Mr. Handy never sought nor held positions of polit- 
ical prominence. Few, however, have taken so deep 
an interest in educational and pliilantliropic causes, 
or labored so earnestly for their success. He served 
as a member of tbe board of education with Charles 
Bradburn, and was one of that gentleman's ablest 
coadjutors in tbe arduous task of reorganizing and 
improving tbe school system of Cleveland. In the 
Sunday-schools be was for more than forty years a 
constant worker both as siiperinteudent and teacher, 
taking an active part in all measures calculated to 
extend their field of usefulness. For twenty-one 
years be was president of the Industrial Home and 
Children's Aid Society, of which he has ever been one 
of the most liberal supporters. 

A life-long and sincere member of the Presbyterian 
cluircli, be is singularly free from "isms" of any de- 
scription, and at all times advocated their exclusion 
from moral or political theories or questions. He is 
broad and liberal in bis views, generous and just in 
bis acts, universall}' esteemed and particularly beloved 
by children. He is one of tbe few citizens to be 
found in any community whose effective labors for tbe 
relief of the poor and helpless, and tbe rescue of tbe 
ignorant and vicious, justly entitle them to tbe name 
of philanthropists. He made three extended visits 
to Europe, cbicHy for the purpose of investigating the 
financial, religious and educational svstems of the old 



world, and Cleveland was equally benefited with him- 
self by the valuable knowledge he there gained. 

In March, 1833, Mr. Handy was married to Miss 
Harriet N. Hall of Geneva, New York, by wbom be 
has one daughter, who married Hon. John S. Newbei- 
ry, of Detroit, Michigan. 



BEN.JAMIN HARRINGTON. 

Benjamin Harrington was born in Shelburn, Ver- 
mont, on tbe rttb of February, 1806. His father. 
Captain Benjamin Hai'rington, was a native of Con- 
necticut, and in early life bad been a sea captain, but t 
left the sea and settled in Shelburn, where for a num- 
ber of years be was a leading merchant and jnonil- 
nent business man. He built a church, and built 
and owned a store, a hotel and six or more dwelling 
bouses, in tbat village. 

Tbe subject of this notice was tbe fifth of a family 
of seven children. His father died when he was 
(piite young, and be was thus thrown upon his own 
resources at an eai'ly age. When fifteen years old be 
went to Canada, where be remained several years, 
and then moved to Buffalo, New York. He returned 
to Canada at the expiration of two years, and tbtnce 
moved to Cleveland in November, 1835, one year bc- 
foie it was incorjiorated as a city. He first leai-td, 
and kept for several years, tbe old Franklin House. 
In 1838 be was elected alderman, and served in tbat 
capacity one year. In 1841 be was chosen couneil- 
niiin, and the following year was again elected alder- 
niiui and made 2)rcsident of the city council. 

Mr. Harrington retired from tbe city government 
in 1843, and did not again enter it. From tbat time 
until 1858 be devoted bis time and energy to tbe 
management of bis business, which he began to 
increase by purchasing land and erecting business 
blocks. 

He was appointed to several positions of public 
trust. Among others be was postmaster under 
President Buchanan from 1858 to 1860, and was 
made a State commissioner to close up tbe affairs of 
the old Commercial Bank of Lake Erie. He was one 
of tbe six who formed the banking firm of S. W . 
Crittenden & Co., which was afterwards transformid 
into the First National Bank. The application to be 
thus organized was the first on record in tbe United 
States, and one of tbe first acted upon. 

After bis retirement from active business life, !Mr. 
Harrington devoted bis attention to tbe supervision 
of his property and to works of charity. He gave 
libei'ally to numerous benevolent objects, but bis 
cbaiity was always governed by a wise discrimination. 
In later life he took but little interest in politics. He 
was a man of most generous impulses, large hearted, 
and universally popular among all classes of people; 
noted for his strict integrity and honor in all business 
transactions, and a self-made man in tbe highest 
sense. In every position of trust which be held he 
enjoyed the complete confidence of those whom be 



BIOGKAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



357 



represented, and dis])layed upon all occasions bis abil- 
ity to perform tlie duties devolving upon bini. He 
was a sagacious business man, a kind employer and in 
every respect a good citizen. 

Allliougb not a member of any cbnrcli oi-ganizatioii, 
be was a lil)erai contributor to tbe cau.se of Cbrislian- 
ity and a constant attendant upon divine service. For 
many years be was a vestryman of Trinity (Episco]ial) 
cburcb. He died on tbe 30tb of January, 1878, be- 
ing just five days less tlian seventy-two years of age. 

.Mr. Harrington was married on the 17t]i day of 
January, 1832, to Cbloe W. Prentiss, daughter of 
Samuel Prentiss of Rutland, Vermont. Mrs. Har- 
rington died several years before her busband. They 
left no family, but are mourned by tbe many friends 
to wboin tbey were endeared by tbeir noble qualities 
uf niiud and iieai't. 



iiEXiJY .1. iiEinuciv. y^ 
Dr. Henry J. Herrick, one of Oliio's luitive sons, 
wbo lias forscveral years occuj)ied a consj)icuous place 
among tbe physicians and surgeons of Cleveland, 
was born at Aurora, Portage county, on tJic 2t)tb day 
of January, 1833. His parents came of New England 
stock, his father being a native of Massachusetts, and 
his mother of Connecticut. Early in life tbey set 
their faces toward the west, and located in Ohio, 
where, with the energy and faith iieces.sary on the 
part of all good pioneers, tbey bravely began tbe 
battle for existence. Beneath the watchful care of 
tiie father, the sons and daugbtei's were taught valu- 
al)le lessons in the lore which leads to success; while 
within the sacred domain of a (Jliristian motbei-'s in- 
tluenee tbey drank tbe inspiration of her pious teach- 
ings, and ever sought to hoiu^r her preee[)ts by lifting 
tbeir lives to tbe elevated moral standard which she 
bad set up before tbcui. 

When Henry wasbuta lad, bis father removed with 
bis family to Twinsburg in Summit county, where 
the youth divided his time iielween occasional attend- 
ance at a public school and bard lahor upon liis 
father's farm and in his saw-mill. Thus jjassed bis 
years u[)on the "even tenor of tbeir way "' until be 
reached tbe age of eighteen, when an ofl'er made by 
bis father aroused bis latent ambition, and gave shajJC 
to his whole future career. Of all tbe seven sons of his 
father, he alone accepted the offer made by tbe latter; 
which was that be would aid in providing a liberal 
education for that son wbo would agree to forego all 
claim to receive an "outfit" at liis majority. 

Henry joyfully embraced tbe opportunity, and 
without delay began preparing for college at tbe 
Twinsburg academy, under the capable instruction of 
Itev. Samuel Bissell^still working on the farm dur- 
ing his vacation. Being duly prepared at tbe age of 
twenty-one, he entered Wdliams College, at Williams- 
town, Massachusetts, where he sjjcnt four years in 
arduous study — during which he passed his vacations 
profitably in barrel-making, lumbering, and school 



teaching — the latter occupation also requiring bis at- 
tention during two winters. He was then graduated 
with high honors, linding himself endowed with not 
only tiie learning of the schools, but with a good deal 
of practical experience and no little mechanical skill. 
One of his comrades at Williams was James A. Gar- 
field, since so celebrated as a soldier and statesman, 
and these two, from tbeir large, powerful forms, were 
known as the "Ohio Giants." 

(!re;itly to the disap|)oinlment of bis father, who 
hoped to see him emlirace the ministi-y, young Hei-- 
rick decided to enter tbe medical i)rofesson, and, dur- 
ing one of his vacations, he attended a partial course 
of lectures at tbe Berkshire Medical College, Pitts- 
field, Massachusetts. Keturning to Ohio in 1858, he 
at once went to work for his uncle, wiio was a farmer. 
In the fall of that year, having saved tweuty-nine 
dollars, be set out, with his father's consent, for 
Cleveland, where he hoped liy some means to make 
his way through a course at the medical college. 
Means he had none, save bis twenty-nine dollars, and 
ho was, moreover, "a stranger in a strange laud," 
but he had a stout heart, and he never doubted that 
he would accomplish his desire. He sought employ- 
ment as a teacher, that be might earn money to pay 
for his tuition, Imt in vain. By a lucky chance he 
was directed to Dr. .M. L. Brooks, in whose office he 
became a student, and wi.om be comj)ensaied partly 
with office labor, and partly with the gains derived 
from teaching in one of the city evening schools. By 
the aid of the means thus acquired he also managed 
to attend lectures at the Cleveland Medical College. 

After teaching school subseijuently (in 1850 and 
18(iO) at Geauga Seminary, in (Jeauga county, and 
still later in Solon, Cuyaiioga county, be went to 
(Uiicago in the summer of 180U. where he resumed 
his medical studies with Dr. Daniel Brainard, and 
tiirough the influence (if that eminent surgeon he 
was appointed house i)bysician at the United States 
marine hospital in Chicago. Entering Eush Medical 
College also, he graduated from tiiat institution in 
the spring of IStil with thedegree of M.l)., and about 
that time received likewise from Williams (Jollegethe 
degree of A. M. 

Returning slujrtly afterwards to Cleveland, be was 
employed as one of Dr. Hrooks' assistants at the 
United States marine hosi>ita], and in February, 18(12, 
entered tlie army as assistant surgeon of the Seven- 
teenth Ohio Infantry. During a portion of liis ser- 
vice be was in charge of General Hospital, No. 13, at 
Nashville, Tennessee. He received a commission as 
surgeon in December, 18fi2, and at the battle of 
Chickamauga, where he was in charge of the hospitals 
of his division, he was captured by the enemy; being 
conveyed thence to Libby prison, at Riclimond. At 
tbe expiration of two months he was exchanged, when 
he returned to Cleveland on a twenty davs' furlough, 
and was there married (December 8, 18C3,) to Miss 
ilary, daughter of Dr. M. L. Brooks, his old patron 
and friend. 



358 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Rejoining his regiment iit Chattanooga, he accom- 
panied Sherman's army in the celebrated '•nnircli to 
tlie sea," and at Savannah resigned his commission 
one month previous to the expiration of his term of 
service. 

Althougli greatly benefited by his extended exj)eri- 
euce in the army, he sought to still furt'.ier increase his 
jjrofessional knowledge in a brief season within the 
lecture room of a medical college in New York city, 
and, being there fitted to encounter with skill the dif- 
ficulties of surgical science, he returned to Cleveland, 
where, in 18G5, he became associated asajiartner with 
his father-in-law. Dr. Brooks, with whom he continued 
to practice until 1871. Since that time Dr. Derrick 
has pursued alone the profession of physician and 
surgeon, mounting steadily in skill and fame until he 
is to-day a widely successful practitioner, and is con- 
fessedly a leading rej)resentative in the "old school." 

From 1805 to 18G8 he filled the chair of professor 
of "obstetrics and diseases of women and children" in 
the Charity Hospital Medical College, and upon the 
reorganization of that college as the Medical Depart- 
ment of Wooster University he was chosen to be pro- 
fessor of the principles of surgery, which chair lie still 
occuj)ies. In 1803 he was elected jn-esident of the 
Ohio State Medical Society, of which he is still an 
active member. He is also a prominent member of 
the American Medical Association and the Northcast- 
e)'n and Cuyahoga County Medical Societies. He is 
a freipient contributor to the valuable medical litera- 
ture of the State; his papers on "tubercles" and "the 
Cliaritable Institutions of the State," road before the 
State Medical Society the present year (1879 i being 
received witii marked approval. 

A Presbyterian in religious faith, Dr. Herrick is an 
earnest Christian worker, and devotes much of his 
time, his energies and his means to labors of be- 
nevolence; his heart, as well as his professional 
instincts responding gladly to tlie calls of suffering 
humanity, while his outstretciied hand is an e;iger 
servitor in a noble work. 

Dr. Herrick's family consists of liis estimable wife, 
one daughter and three sons, all of whom reside with 
their ])arents. Having risen unaided, save by his own 
earnest and unflagging efforts, from one of the lower 
rounds of life's ladder to social and professional em- 
inence, Dr. Herrick has made a record which the 
youth of the present time m;iy well look u]ion with 
respect and emulation. 



RENSSELAER H. HERRICK. 

Hon. Rensselaer R. Herrick, who occupies to-day 
the chief magistracy of the city of Cleveland, first 
set foot within that city forty-tiirec years ago, at the 
youthful age of ten, and there he has spent the sub- 
Be(|uent years of what has i>roven a busy and useful 
existence. 

Mr. Herrick comes of good old I'urilan stock, and 
in this country traces his ancestry back to 1029, when 



his great-grandfather's great-grandfather, Ephraim 
Herrick, came over from Leicester, England, to 
mend his fortunes in the western world. Eiihraim 
Herrick settled in Connecticut upon reaching the 
shores of America, and there his descendants con- 
tinued to live and multiply until within less than a 
century, when they began to migrate from classic 
New England to newer and more inviting fields. To 
connect the past with the present, it may be noted 
that Rensselaer R. Herrick's father, Sylvester P., was 
born in Clinton, New York, in 1793; his grandfather, 
Andi-ew, in Connecticut, April 7, 1753; his great- 
grandfather, Andrew, in Preston, Connecticut, Feb- 
ruary 10, 1737; his great-grandfather's father, Eph- 
raim, in Connecticut in 1093; and his great-grand- 
father's grandfather in Connecticut in 1038. 

Andrew Herrick, grandfatiier of Cleveland's pres- 
ent mayor, removed about 1790 with his family to 
Clinton, New York, in company with a band of Con- 
necticut colonists, and became, later on, a prominent 
citizen of that place, closely identified with the suc- 
cess of Hamilton College, of Clinton, a widely known 
and popular institution of learning. 

Sylvester P., the son of Andrew, entered in early 
manhood upon active business pursuits and was suc- 
cessively a prominent merchant in Clinton, Vernon 
and Utica; in which latter place he resided at the 
time of iiis death. 

In Utica, on the 39t]i day of January, 1830, Rens- 
selaer R. Herrick first saw the light, and in 1838 his 
father died. His childhood days moved uneventfully 
along until he reached the age of ten, when the sturdy 
and resolute lad set out for the West, to seek his for- 
tune and to do his little share toward the support of 
his widowed mother's family. 

Reaching Cleveland, he obtained employment in the 
printing office of the Ohio City Anjus, located on the 
west side of the Cuyahoga. Tiiere he remained, 
learning the printer's art, until 1839. He then en- 
gaged in such occupations as he could find, aud 
until 18-13 he divided his time between attending 
school and earning a livelihood. 

Being then seventeen years old, he decided to be- 
come a carpenter. Taking service with a prominent 
builder, he so improved his time and opportunities 
that at the expiration of three years, when he had 
reached the age of twenty, he began business on his 
own account as a builder and contractor. Tiiis occu- 
pation he steadily pursued xintil 1870, when he was 
able to retire from active business and to enjoy the 
ease which had been won by a quarter of a century of 
unlhigging industry. 

Mr. Herrick's first appearance in public life was 
made in 1855, when he w'as chosen a member of the 
Cleveland city council, and this mark of j)ublic con- 
fidence was successively rcjieated in 1850, 1857 and 
1858. After that, for the space of ten years, the 
pressing cares of business compelled him to decline 
all public honors; but in 1809, yielding to the pressure 
of the pojiular demand, he was again elected a mem- 



BIO(i RAPI1K!AL SKETCHES. 



3r)0 



bcr of the council. In 1873, 1874, 1876 and 1877 lie 
was a "citizen's member " of the board of inijirove- 
iiients, and in 1879 he was elected niayoi- df tlu! city 
tor the term of two years. 

Mr. llerrick joins with his pnhlic duties the presi- 
dency of the Dover 15ay Grape and Wine Company, of 
which lie was one of the organizers, and serves also as 
a member of the bo;ird of trustees of the Society for 
Savings, with which institution he has for many years 
i)een prominently identified. 

A Wliig in the early days of his career, Mr. Herrick 
hocame a Ivepnidican upon the organization of that 
])arty, of which he has since continued to be a staunch 
member. 

The characteristics of activity, industry and good 
judgment stand out clear and bold in this brief 
sketch of the successful career of Mayor Herrick, and 
tiie valuable lessons taught liy the unswerving steadi- 
ness of purpose which marked his progress through 
life may well belaid to heart by the rising generation 
of the present time. In every sense the author of his 
own fortunes, Mr. Herrick has fully earned the right to 
rest in mature life, and to the consciousness of having 
" made himself,'' adds that of knowing that his course 
of life has received the approbation of his fellow citi- 
zens, as manifested by the numerous public trusts 
conferred upon him. He has been, for the space of 
forty-three years, closely connected with the rise, pro- 
gress and jjrospcrity of Cleveland, and in the mellow 
years of life's autumn enjoys the distinction of being 
one of its most honored citizens. 



OUr.ANDO .1. IIODGE. 

The subject of this sketch was born November 25, 
1828, in Hamburg, Erie county. New York. He is 
the son of Alfred Hodge, an early settler of Buffalo, 
and a descendant of John Plodge of Windsor, Con- 
necticut, who, on the 12th of August, ICCG, married 
Susanna Denslow, daugliler of Henry Uenslow, the 
first settler of Wimlsor Locks, Connecticut. The 
family is possessed of a complete genealogy, running 
from 1046 to date. Alfred Hodge, the father of the 
subject of this sketch, died of cholera at Hutfalo. 
•Inly 11, 1832. 

In June, 1842, .Mr. llodgc left liulTalo; ]:indiiig 
ill Cleveland on Sunday, the 12Ui day of thai montii. 
Here he first commenced work in a iirinting ofHce, 
continuing in that occupation for a number of years. 
In .\pril, 1S47, then in his nineteenth year, he en- 
listed for the Mexican war, embarking at New York 
tiic following month. He was destined to pass 
through many hardships and perils before he reached 
the scat of war. On the first evening out, before the 
transport liail got fairly to sea, she collided with a 
Spanish man-of-war and had to juit back to New 
^'ork in a badly damaged condition. On the l.itli of 
the same month he sailed again for Mexicr). All 
went well until the morning of the 2.'5rd, when the 
vessel was wrecked sixty miles from the island of 



Abaco, the nearest point to land. Fortunately the 
volunteers and crew, of which there were about one 
liunilred and twenty, were saved by the bark " Ala- 
l)ama,'" liouiid to Havana, and safely landed at that 
l>ort on the 1st day of June. After spending a few 
days in Havana, the troops crossed the gulf and en- 
tered Mexico. Mr. Hodge remained in the enemy's 
country until the close of the war, doing service 
under Generals Zachary Taylor and John E. Wool. 
Hostilities having ceased, he returned to New York, 
and, on the 16th of August, 1849, was lionorably dis- 
charged. 

Siiortly after, he entered Geauga Seminary, in 
Geauga county, Ohio. Leaving school in IS.jl, he 
taught for some time, and then again took up his 
residence in Cleveland. In the spring of 1853 Mr. 
Hodge was elected clerk of the police court by a lar<'e 
majority, receiving more votes than were cast for any 
other candidate for any office. At the expiration of 
a three-years term he declined a renomination. 

In 1857 Mr. Hodge removed to Chicago, where he 
opened a printing ofBce on his own account. He re- 
mained in that city until April, 1800, wlien, having 
disposed of his printing establishment, he went to 
Connecticut and there engaged in mercantile busi- 
ness. A short time after his arrival he was made 
postmaster of the village in which he resided (Rob- 
erfsville), filling the office for six years. He took an 
active interest in public affairs, and by his intelli- 
gence and upright conduct won the confidence of all 
who knew him. In 1863 Mr. Ilodge was elected to 
the house of representatives of Connecticut, and in 
1804 was chosen a member of the State Senate. He 
served his constituents so satisfactorily that he was 
returned to the Senate for a second term by an in- 
creased majority, though the district hud not for 
thirty-five years previous elected a man two suc- 
cessive terms. He was made presiding oflficer of the 
Senate by the unanimous vote of his colleagues, and 
discharged the duties of the position in a manner 
which was liigiily commended. By this time he Iiad 
become prominent in State politics, and was generally 
rcsiiected and trusted. During the war Governor 
Buckingham ajipointed him on a commission to visit 
the front in the interest of Connecticut's sick and 
wounded soldiers. Mr. Hodge was also personally 
authorized by the governor to receive the vote of the 
Connecticut soldiers in the field cast for President in 
1864. He discharged the duties of both these posi- 
tions with intelligence and fidelity. 

In 1867 Mr. Hodge disi)osed of his interests in Con- 
necticut and returned to Cleveland, where he engaged 
in real estate ojierations. In 1871 he was elected to 
the city council, being successively reelected in 1813 
and 1875. In 1870 he w;is elected juesident of the 
council, and at the end of his term he refused to be 
again a candidate for that body. In 1873 .Mr. Hodge 
was elected to the Ohio house of reju'csentati ves, and in 
]8^"> was re-nominated by acclamation and elected by 
one of the largest majorities ever given in the county. 



3G0 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



lie failed by only a few votes of being elected speaker, 
and was unanimously chosen as speaker pro tern. In 
1874 he was admitted to the bar. 

In 1878 Mr. Hodge purchased the Cleveland Post, 
and a few weeks later a one-half interest in tlie Cleve- 
land Voice. The two papers were consolidated, and 
he now has editorial manugonient of the coniljined 
journal, the Voire. 

Mr. Hodge has borne an active part in the sup- 
port of every public enterprise which promised to 
promote the growth and prosperity of Cleveland. He 
was one of the earliest advocates of the viaduct pro- 
ject, and to him is given the credit of being the chief 
mover in getting the land along the lake for park pur- 
poses. He is a skillful debater, a forcible speaker, 
and one of the best parliamentarians in Ohio. 
Throughout his private and public life he has main- 
tained a character for strict integrity. He has been 
successful in business as a result of hard work and 
natural fitness for the conduct of affairs. He was a 
Democrat until the outl)reak of the rebellion, but 
ever since has been a thorough-going Republican. 
Mr. Hodge was married on the 1.5th of October, 1855, 
to Lydia R. Doane, of Cleveland, by whom he has 
one son, Clark R. Hodge. 



GEORGE WILLIAM HOWE. 

The Howe family is an old one in England, and 
dates its origin in this country from John Howe, 
born in England in 1G12, who was a resident of Sud- 
bury, Massachusetts, in 1637, and died in Marlboro 
in 1639. Samuel, his son, married Martha Bent, by 
whom he had thirteen children. He died at Sud- 
bury, April 13, 1703. Moses, son of Samuel, was 
born August 27, 1695. He had ten children, of 
whom Samuel was the first male cliild, born in Rut- 
land, Massachusetts. Another son, Elijah, was born 
in Rutland April 10, 1743; married Deborah Smith, 
of Leicester, and reniov-ed to Spencer in June, 1759. 
They had nine children, among whom was Elijah, 
born in Leicester, wlio died in 1816. He married 
Fanny Bemis, by whom he had nine children. Wil- 
liam, son of Elijah, and father of the suljject of this 
sketch, was born in Spencer May 12, 1803, In 1828 
he married Miss A. T, Stone of Charlton, Massachu- 
setts. They had eight children. Different members 
of this family have been noted for inventive genius, 
among whom the most prominent, perhaps, is Elias 
Howe, inventor of the sewing machine, who was a 
nejihew of William Howe. The latter himself pos- 
sessed superior inventive powers. At an early age he 
learned the trade of a carpenter and builder. After 
finishing his apprenticeship he entered the academy 
at Leicester, where he obtained a good education. 
He then commenced erecting buildings by contract, 
churches being a specialty. In 1844 he took out 
his first patent for what has since become widely 
known as the Howe truss-bridge. Two years later, 
having made great improvements, a new patent was 



issued. He subsequently furnished the plans and 
specifications for the bridges on the St. Petersburg and 
Moscow railroad in Russia. He died in 1852 in the 
prime of life, from the effects of a fall from his car- 
nage. He was an eminently self-made man, find had 
the promise of a brilliant and useful future when thus 
cut off at a premature age, 

Ceorge W. Howe was born in Spencer, Worcester 
county, Massachusetts, on the 29tb of October, 1832. 
He was educated in Springfield, and in 1852 came to 
Cleveland, Ohio, where he effected an engagement on 
the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati railroad. 
Remaining in that position until the Lake Shore 
railroad was completed to Madison, Ohio, he then be- 
came connected with the latter. 

In 1859 he abandoned railroading to engage in the 
milling business with Messrs, Hubby, Hughes & Co., 
building what is known as the National mills. This 
venture not proving successful he, upon the organi- 
zation of the First Ohio Volunteer Artillery, enlist- 
ed iind was commissioned quartermaster, equipping 
eleven out of the twelve batteries that went to the 
front. He accompanied General Baruett and his 
staff up the Cumberland river to Nashville, reaching 
that place two or three days after its evacuation by 
the Confederate army. They were then attached to 
General Thomas' division and ordered to Pittsburg 
Landing. Mr. Howe meeting with an accident by 
being thrown from his horse, was ordered by General 
Thomas to go ahead as speedily as possible to Savan- 
nah, get comfortable (quarters and remain until recov- 
ered. He arrived at Savannah the second day of the 
battle of Pittsburg Landing; the town being crowded 
with the wounded brought from the field of battle. 
He at length succeeded in procuring accommodations 
on one of the steamers plying between Savannah and 
Pittsburg Landing, and remained on board a week. 
He then rejoined his regiment, with whicii he re- 
mained until after the evacuation of Corinth. 

Returning to Cleveland, he engaged in mercantile 
pursuits until, his health becoming impaired, he 
went to Europe, where he spent six months in travel 
and recreation. In 1867 Elias Howe wished to ex- 
tend his business in Europe; G. W. Howe went to 
London and established headquarters for the Howe 
machine in that city and also in Paris — organizing 
branches in all the principal cities of Europe, besides 
looking after the exhibits of the Howe company at 
the Paris Exhibition. 

In 1870 he returned to tiie States and established 
the business in Ohio. In March, 1873, he was sent 
by the company as its representative at the Vienna 
Exhibition. Owing to trouble with some of the 
American commissioners. Minister Jay appointed 
three citizens of the United States to act until .Jack- 
son S. Schultz should arrive. The exhibitors, feeling 
that their interests were not being properly cared for, 
were permitted by Mr. Jay to select four of their num- 
ber to act with those whom he had named. Mr. Geo. 
W. Howe was cho.sen as one of their number. He was 




^^c^-J^. 



-T^t 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



361 



also made a chevalier, receiving from the emperor 
the order of Francis Joseph, and became a member 
of the Society of Arts and Sciences for Lower Austria, 
receiving their diploma and silver medal. 

In 1874 he returned to Cleveland, and in 1876 was 
connected with the Ohio department at the Centen- 
niiil Exhibition, remaining there seven months. 
Soon after the inauguration of President Hayes he 
was appointed collector of customs at Cleveland, and 
is at present acting in that capacity. Mr. Howe has 
always been active in the support of public enter- 
]insos, and of all local interests and improvements. 
He has been a member of the Northern Ohio Fair 
Association from its organization, having served three 
years as its secretary, and being now a member of 
its executive committee. From 187G to 1870 he 
was a member of the police board. He is a Mason of 
high standing; being a Knight Templar, and recorder 
of the Holyrood conimandery of Cleveland. 

It is unnecessary to add any comments u])on tlie 
traits of Mr. Howejs character. His record shows 
for itself as that of a man of enterprise, public spirit 
and superior ability. He was married in November, 
1874, to Miss Kate Lemen, daughter of William 
Leuien of Cleveland. 



JAMES M. HOYT. 

This gentleman was born in Utica, New York, Jan- 
uary l(i, 1815. He received an excellent education, 
graduating from Hamilton College in that State in 
1834. He immediately commenced the study of law 
in Utica, but in a short time removed to Cleveland, 
whore he continued his studies in the law office of 
Andrews & Foot. In 1837 the partnership of An- 
drews, Foot & Htjyt was formed, which continued 
until 1848, when Mr. Andrews was elected judge of 
the superior court of Clevelatul. This necessitated 
his withdrawal, but the firm of Foot & Iloyt contin- 
ued until 18.");>, when .Mr. Ilnyt. retired from the prac- 
tice of law. 

He then became extensively engaged in the purchase 
and sale of real estate in Cleveland and its vicinity. 
He operated on his own account and also in company 
with other capitalists, purchasing large tracts in and 
around the city, which were divided into lots and sold 
for homesteads. Nearly one thousand acres of city 
and suburban property were owned by him, either 
wholly or jointly with others, which were sub-divi- 
<led into lots and sold for settlement. He opened 
and named more than ahumlred streets, being largely 
instrumental in opening Prospect east of Hudson, 
besides .selling a large amount of land on Kinsman, 
St. Clair and Sujicrior streets; also on Madison ave- 
nue on the West Side, Lawn and Colgate streets, and 
Waverly avenue. 

In all ills transactions he showed great generosity 
toward those with whom he dealt, and cs|iecially to- 
ward the poor and those whom misfortune or sickness 
had disaltled. Not a man in (Mevelaiid has been re- 



garded with greater esteem and respect than Mr. 
Hoyt. For many years he had the power to deal rigid- 
ly with the poor with a show of justice and legality. 
This power he never exercised, and many are the 
grateful tributes he has received from the humble re- 
cipients of his favors. 

In 1835 Mr. Hoyt united with the Baptist Church, 
in IJtica, New Yoi'k, and shortly after coming to 
Cleveland became connected with the First Baptist 
church in thatcity; being superintendent of its Sunday 
school over twenty-six years. He then resigned, be- 
coming the teacher of a Congregational bible-class. 
In 1854 he wa.s licensed to preach the gosjjcl by the 
church with which he was connected. He was never 
ordained and never contemjJated it; but has since 
then preached at intervals, and has labored more or 
less in nearly all the Protestant denominations, both 
in Cleveland and elsewhere. 

In 1854 Mr. Hoyt was chosen president of the Ohio 
Baptist State convention, and was annually re-elected 
to that })osition for more than twenty-four years. He 
was also chosen president of the American Baptist 
Home Mission Society, the national organization for 
Baptist missions in North America, and retained that 
position until 1870, when he resigned. For thirteen 
years he was presidont of the Cleveland Bible Society, 
an auxiliary to the American Bible Society, of which 
he is now one of the vice presidents. His addresses on 
various occasions and his literary contributions have 
attracted marked attention. His article on "Mira- 
cles in Relation to Law," published in the Christ ktn 
Review, of October, 1803, presented the subject m 
an original and striking manner, furnishing a strong 
refutation of the sceptical sophistry of Hume. 

In 1870 Mr. Hoyt was elected a member of the 
State board of equalization, a body charged with a 
high, laborious and responsible duty, the apju-aise- 
ment of all the property in the State going through 
the hands of the board. In 1873 he represented the 
interests of the citizens of Cleveland on the boai'd of 
public improvements. 

In 1870 Denison L^^niversity, of Granville, Ohio, 
conferreii upon him the degree of LL. 1). This, 
though a surprise to him, was considered by all who 
knew him as a well-merited distinction. Few men 
have attained a culture more genuine and lil)eral than 
he. Well versed in physical science, and thoroughly 
imbued with the philoso})hy of history, he is also well 
read in belles le.ltres and work.s of taste and crilicisn). 
The versatility of his talents is shown by the success 
he has achieved in his dilferent callings of lawyer, 
business man, preacher, lecturer and writer. 

He is a liberal contributor to religious and charita- 
ble objects, and during the rebellion rendered valuable 
aid in numerous ways to the cause of the I'nion. 

Mr. Hoyt was married in 183C to Miss Mary Ella 
Beebc, in New York City. To them have been born 
six children, Rev. Dr. Wayland Iloyt (of Brooklyn, 
New York) being their eldest son. The second, Col- 
gate Hoyt, is in business with hisfather in Cleveland, 



303 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



and the third, James M. Hoyt, is a member of the 
law firm of Willey, Sherman & Hoyt, of the same city. 



HINMAN B. HURLBUT. 

This gentleman was born in St. Lawrence county, 
New York, on the 29th day of July, 1818 and is de- 
scended from tlie best of New England blood. His 
ancestors resided for several generations in the State 
of Connecticut, where his father followed the occupa- 
tion of a farmer before removing to New York. His 
grandfather was a captain in the Revolutionary army, 
taking a part in the memorable battle of Long Lsland 
and other engagements. Through his mother Mr. 
Hurlbut is descended from Gov. Uinman, one of the 
colonial rulers of Connecticut. 

At eighteen years of age the subject of this sketch, 
after enjoying such educational advantages as his 
vicinity afforded, removed to Cleveland and entered 
the law office of his brother (H. A. Hurlbut, Esq.,) 
as a student. After being admitted to the bar in 
1839, he at once opened an office in Massillon, Ohio, 
and in a short time secured a remunerative practice. 
In 1846 he formed a partnership with the Hon. D. 
K. Cartter, afterwards chief justice of the District 
of Columbia, their practice being very extensive and 
lucrative. 

In 1852 Mr. Hurlbut retired from his profession, 
having already become engaged in the banking busi- 
ness as the senior member of the firm of Hurlbut and 
Vinton, of Massillon. He also aided in organizing 
two other banking houses in the same place, "The 
Merchants" and "The Union,"' and was a member of 
the State board of control. 

In 18.52 he removed to Cleveland and established 
still another banking house there, under the firm name 
of Hurlbut & Co., retaining, however, his interests 
at Massillon. He next ^nirchased the charter of the 
Bank of Commerce and reorganized it, with himself as 
cashier and T. P. Handy as president. Mr. Handy 
resigned the following ^ear, when Mr. Joseph Perkins 
was chosen president. After the passage of the na- 
tional banking law by Congress, Mr. Hurlbut again 
reorganized this institution as the Second National 
Bank of Cleveland. 

In 185G the subject of this sketch, in company with 
Amasa Stone, Stillman Witt, Joseph Perkins and 
James Mason, of Cleveland, Henry B. Perkins, of 
Warren and M. R. Waite, (now Chief Justice of the 
United States) and Samuel Young, of Toledo, pur- 
chased the charter of the Toledo Branch of the State 
Bank, which they reorganized as a national bank 
in 18GG. This bank, under Mr. Hurlbut's manage- 
ment was probably one of the most successful mone- 
tary institutions ever established. 

In 186.5 Mr. Hurlbut was obliged to give up his 
numerous business enterprises on account of the loss 



of his health, and he concluded to seek rest and recre- 
ation in an extended European tour. He returned to 
America in 1868, but remained in retirement until 
1871, when he was elected vice president of the C'leve- 
land, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis railroad 
company, since which time he has been largely inter- 
ested in many of the railroad enterjjrises of the West- 
ern States. He is now president of the Indianaj)olis 
and St. Louis and the Cincinnati and Springfield rail- 
roads, and is also vice president of the Cleveland, 
Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis railroad. 

While so largely interested in financial and com- 
mercial enterprises, Mr. Hurll)ut has found time for 
the gratification of a refined taste, and his large 
means, acquired by business ability and application, 
have been liberally bestowed on educational and 
benevolent enterprises, and in aid of tlie arts and sci- 
ences as well as other kindred objects. He gave 
largely to the City Hospital, of which he was the 
founder, .and he is now the president of the society 
and its chief supporter. It is safe to say that there is 
hardly a charitalile institution in Cleveland or its vi- 
cinity to which he has not liberally contributed. 

Mr. Hurlbut also established the Hurlbut profes- 
sorship of the natural sciences at Western Reserve 
College, at Hudson, and endowed it with twenty-five 
thousand dollars. 

He has probably collected the finest gallery of paint- 
ing ever brought together in Ohio, if not in the whole 
West, in which are represented such artists as F. E. 
Church, Alex. Cabanel, Baugereau, H. Merle, L. 
Knauss, Bauguiet, Kaulbach, S. R. Giflford, Ver- 
boeckhoven, Beyschlegg, Meyer Von Brunu, Bricher, 
Felix Zerms, T. W. Wood, Jarvis McEntee, aud oth- 
ers only less renowned. 

In early life a memljer of the Whig party, lie took 
an active part in politics, and was a member of the 
convention which nominated General Taylor for Pres- 
ident, and ably supported him during the succeed- 
ing campaign, making a large number of speeclies 
in his own district. During the war for the Union 
Mr. Hurlbut was a staunch supporter of the govern- 
ment, and gave freely to various benevolent enter- 
prises called into existence by that struggle. 

In May, 1840, Mr. Hurlbut was married to Miss 
Jane Elizabeth Johnson, of Oneida county. New York. 

Mr. Hurlbut's life and business success have been 
but another examjile of what may be expected from 
the sons of New England — descended as they are from 
the best old English stock, inspired with new life Ijy 
the stirring scenes of the Western world. Many of 
them are still going farther on, as did their ancestors 
of old, to build up a new country in the distant West, 
and although they often have naught to begin with 
save their own strong arms, stout hearts and clear 
brains, yet again and again is Fortune seen to crown 
their efforts with her richest gifts. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



363 



JOHN IIUTCHINS. 

John Hufchins was boni in Vienna, Trumbull 
county, Ohio, July 25, 1812. His father, Samuel 
llutchins, and his mother, whose maiden name was 
Flower, were natives of Connectieut, and among the 
earliest settlers in the Western Reserve. Samuel 
llutchins first came to Ohio in the year 1798, and in 
ISdO drove an ox-team from Connecticut to Vienna, 
where he then settled. He had a family of three 
.sons ami four daughters, the subject of this notice 
being the fourth child. He was educated in the 
common schools of the county until about twenty 
year.s of age, when he pursued his studies with a 
private tutor, and subsequently entered the prepar- 
atoi-y department of Western Reserve College. He 
commenced the study of hiw at Warren, Ohio, in 
1835, in the office of David Tod, afterwards well 
known as one of Ohio's ablest war governors, and was 
admitted to the bar in the fall of 1838, at New 
Lisbon. 

After about one year's practice of his profession 
he was a})pointed clerk of the court of common 
pleas of Trumbull county, in which cajiacity he 
served five years. He then resigned and entered the 
law tirm of Tod & Hoffman, which became Tod, lloff- 
inau & Ilutchin^j. He afterward became connected 
with J. D. Co.x, since Governor Cox, and was his part- 
ner at the breaking out of the rebellion. In 18G8 he 
removed to Cleveland and formed a partnership with 
J. E. & G. L. Ingersoll, under the firm name of 
Hutchins & Ingersoll. Subsequently he became asso- 
ciated with his son, John C, now prosecut;ing attor- 
ney, and 0. J. Campbell, as Hutchins & Can)))bell, 
which connection he has maintained to the i)resent 
tiTuo. In 18-19 and 1850 he was a member of the 
legislature. This legislature called the convention 
which formed the constitution of 1851. 

In the year 1858 he was elected a representative to the 
thirty-sixth Congress, as successor to the Hon. Joshua 
li. (iiddings, and two years afterwards was re-elected 
to the thirty-seventh Congress from the same district. 
The territory of the district was then changed, and 
from the new district Gen. Garfield was chosen to 
sueoeed him. In Congress Mr. Hutchins took an ac- 
tive part in the advanced measures for the prosecution 
of the war against the rebellion, including the aboli- 
tion of slavery and the employment of colored soldiers. 

He had also advocated and voted for the abolition of 
slavery in the District of Columbia, and indeed had 
espoused the anti-slavery cause as early as the year 
1833, and was an active worker till slavery was abol- 
ished. He belonged to the old Liberty party, and was 
niobljed in Trumbull, his native county, for declaring 
his convictions on the subjectof slavery. In an anti- 
slavery meeting in Hudson, Ohio, about the year 1841, 
in criticizing what he regarded as the pro-slavery 
position of the Western Reserve College, he used lan- 
guage which wa.s distasteful to the faculty and stu- 
dents, and he was thoroughly hissed by the latter. 



In giving the history of the auti-slavery cause on the 
Western Reserve, and in reference to the anti-slavery 
efforts of President Storei' and Professors Beriah (Ireen 
and E. Wright, Jr., when connected with the college, 
he said, "Then an anti-slavery light blazed from 
College Hill, but where is that light now?" when the 
hissing continued for severalminutes, but was finally 
drowned in cheers. 

We quote from the remarks of Mr. Hutchins in the 
thirty-seventh Congress, as published in the Amcri- 
c(m Animal Cyclopedia, on the subject of using col- 
ored troops to put down the Rebellion: " If we can 
take for soldiers minor apprentices and minor sons, 
we have the same right to take slaves; for they are 
either persons or property. If they are persons we 
are entitled to their services to save the Government, 
and the fact that they are not citizens does not change 
the right of the Government to their services as sub- 
jects, unless they owe allegiance to a foreign govern- 
ment. If colored persons are jiroperty we may cer- 
tainly use that property to put down the rebellion." 

In Congress he also took up the subject of postal 
reform, introduced a bill and made an able and care- 
fully prepared speech in its favor, in which he advo- 
cated a reduction of postage on letters, and a uniform 
rate for all distances, as well as a uniformity of pos- 
tage on printed matter; and in addition especially 
urged the advantages of the carrier delivery system. 
These measures have since been substantially adopted 
by the government. Mr. Hutchins received sjiecial 
mention from the Postmaster General for his able and 
persistent efforts in this direction. He is at present 
occujjied in the practice of his jirofession as a member 
of the firm of llutchins & Campbell. As a lawyer he 
occupies a high rank and has ever been esteemed by 
the members of the bar for his integrity, and for the 
ability with which he discharges the duties devolving 
ujwn him. 

He married Khoda M. Andrews, liy whom he has 
five children, three sons and two daughters; Horace 
A. and John C, living in Cleveland; Albert E., re. 
siding in Chicago; Mary H., who is with her ])arents 
in (leveland; and Helen K. who died of typhoid 
fever, at the age of twenty-two. 



LEVI .lOlINSON. 

On the 10th of March, 1809, Levi Johnson, emi- 
grating westward from New York in ((uest of the 
land of promise (a name then bestowed by New York- 
ers upon the Western Reserve) entered Cleveland in a 
two-horse sleigh, with his uncle, also a western juoneer. 
They pushed on to Huron county, where they halted, 
and whence, after a short time, Levi returned to 
Cleveland, beginning what jiroved to be a remarkable 
career, the liistory of which is a part of the early his- 
tory of the Forest City itself. 

Mr. Johnson was born in Herkimer county. New 
York, April 25, 1780, and from his boyhood until his 
twentv-second year labored successively as a farm- 



36-i 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



hand iiud carpenter; then, becoming fired with the 
western fever, he journeyed to Cleveland in 1809, as 
has just been stated. He was fortunate in finding a 
home in the family of Judge Walworth, for whom he 
contracted at once to build a framed office. This 
structure (situated where the American House now 
stands) was one of tlie first framed edifices erected in 
Cleveland, and its construction was an event of no 
slight imi)ortance in the little community. 

Young Johnson continued to ply the saw and plane 
busily for the next few years, in Cleveland and the 
vicinity. In 1811 he married Miss Martin, of Huron 
county, and in 1812 undertook the then important con- 
tractof building a log court-house on the public square, 
at Cleveland. Completing the task, he turned his back 
upon carpentering and became a trader in supjilies for 
the army on the frontier, and, being shrewd and 
careful, he soon acquired what was then thought a 
considerable amount of money. Ambitious to extend 
his enterprises, he built a sixty-ton vessel, called the 
"Pilot," which he sailed on the lake in the Govern- 
ment service during the war, to his material 23rofit. 

Meanwhile Mr. Johnson was chosen the first coro- 
ner of Cuyahoga county, and also served as deputy 
under .Samuel Baldwin, the first sheriff. 

Resuming ship building in 1815, he built the sixty- 
five ton schooner " Neptune " and several other vessels. 
In 1824, in company with the firm of Terhoeven 
lirothers, he built the "Enterprise," of two hundred 
and twenty tons bui'den, the first steam vessel built 
at Cleveland. Still later he constructed the steamer 
Commodore. In 1830, having grown weary of marine 
architectni'C, he sold out his steamboat interests and 
turned his attention once more to contracts on shore. 
In 1831 he built the Water street light-house for the 
government; in 1830 he built another at Sandusky, 
and in 1837 constructed nine hundred feet of the stone 
pier on the east side of the mouth of the Cuyahoga. 
In 18-iO, 1843 and 1847 he built successively the Sag- 
inaw, Western Sister Island and Portage river light- 
houses. He also built in Cleveland the Johnson 
House, the Marine Block, the Johnson Block and 
other important structures. 

In 1858 Mr. Johnson retired from active business, 
and, being endowed with abundant wealth, passed the 
evening of life in comfort and ease. Full of years 
and honors, he passed away to his rest on the 19th 
day of December, 1871, at the age of eighty-five. 



ALFRED KELLEY. 

Hon. Alfred Kelley, the second son of Daniel Kel- 
ley, was born in Middletown, Connecticut, November 
7, 1789. He was descended in the fifth generation 
from Joseph Kelley (1st) who was one of the first 
settlers of Norwich, Connecticut. His great-grand- 
father, Joseph Kelley (2d), son of the person just 
named, removed to Vermont, and died there in 1814 
at the age of nearly ninety years. Alfred Kelley's 
gi'aiul father, Daniel Kcllev, lived in Norwich, Con- 



necticut, where Daniel Kelley (2d), the father of the 
subject of this memoir, was born on the 27th day of 
November, 1755. He married Jemima Stow, daugh- 
ter of Elihu and Jemima Stow, and sister of Judges 
Joshua and Sil-.is Stow, of Lowville, New York, on 
the 28th day of January, 1787. He died at Cleveland 
August 7, 1831. Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Kelley had a 
family of six sons. They removed from Connecticut 
to Lowville, New York, when Alfred was nine years 
of age, where the head of the family was principal 
judge of the court of common pleas of Lewis county, 
being also one of the founders of Lowville academy 
and president of its board of trustees. 

Alfred Kelley was educated at Fairfield academy, 
New York, and read law in the office of Jonas Phitt, 
a judge of the supreme court of that State. In the 
spring of 1810 he traveled on horseback in company 
with Joshua Stow and others to Cleveland. He was 
admitted to practice in the court of common pleas in 
November, and on the same day, being his twenty-first 
birthday, he was appointed by the court to jict as 
prosecuting attorney. He was continuously appoint- 
ed prosecuting attorney until 1821, when he declined 
to act any longer in that capacity. lu 1814 Mr. Kel- 
ley was elected a member of the Ohio house of rojjre- 
sentatives; being the youngest member of that body, 
which met at Chillicothe, then the temporary ca]>ital 
of the Sate. He continued, with intervals, a member 
of the legislature from Cuyahoga county until 1822, 
when he was appointed, with others. State canal com- 
missioner. 

The Ohio canal is a monument to the enterprise, 
energy, integrity and sagacity of Alfred Kelley. He 
was the leading member of tlie board of commissioners 
during its construction, and the onerous and I'espon- 
sible service was performed with such fidelity and 
economy that the actual cost did not exceed the edi- 
niate! The dimensions of the Ohio canal were the 
.same as those of the Erie canal. New York, but the 
number of locks was nearly twice as great. i\Ir. 
Kelley's indomitable will and iron constitution tri- 
umphed over all difficulties, and the Ohio canal, con- 
necting the Ohio river with Lake Erie, was finished in 
1830. During its construction Mr. Kelley removed 
first to Akron and then to Columbus, where he made 
his home duriug the remainder of his life. After the 
canal was finished he resigned the position of com- 
missioner in order to regain his health (badly shat- 
tered by close application to the duties of his office), 
and to devote himself to his private affairs. 

In October, 1830, Mr. Kelley was elected to the 
Ohio house of representatives from Franklin county, 
and was re-elected to the same office in the next two 
legislatures. He was chairman of the Whig State 
Central Committee in 1840, and was one of the most 
active and influential managers of that campaign, in 
which Gen. Harrison was elected to the presidency. 
He was .appointed State fund commissioner in 1840. 
In 1 841 and '42 a formidable party arose in the legis- 
lature and State, which advocated the non-payment of 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



365 



the maturing interest on the State debt, and the 
repudiation of tlie debt itself. Mr. Kclley went to 
New York and was able to raise nearly a quarter of a 
ui'Uion of dollars on his own personal security, by 
which means the interest was paid at maturity, and 
t]ie State of Ohio was saved from repudiation. 

In 1844 yiv. Kelley was elected to the State senate 
from the Franklin district. It was during this term 
that he originated the bill to organize the State Bank 
of Ohio and other banking companies, which was gen- 
erally admitted by bankers and financiers to be the 
best American banking law then known. While Mr. 
Kelley was a member of the legislature many valu- 
able general laws originated with him, and most of 
the measures re(iuiring investigation and profound 
thought wei'e entrusted to his care. He was the 
author, in 1818, of the tirst legislative bi'l — cither in 
this country or in Europe — to abolish imprisonment 
for debt. It failed to become a law, but in a letter to 
a fiiend .Mr. Kelley said: "The time will come when 
the absurdity as well as inhumanity of adding oppres- 
sion to misfortune will be acknowledged." 

At the end of this senatorial term Mr. Kelley was 
elected president of the Columbus and Xenia railmatl 
comjiany, which enterprise he was actively engaged 
ujion uiitil it was finished. He also accepted the 
])rcsidency of the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincin- 
nati railroad, and carried on that work with his usual 
ardor and ability; his labors being only surpassed by 
those upon the Ohio canal. With his own hands he 
dug the first shovelful of earth and laid the last rail. 
In 1850 he was chosen i)resideut of the Cleveland, 
I'ainesvilleand Ashtabula railroad company (afterward 
absorbed in the Lake Shore Company), and was soon 
actively engaged in the construction of the road. 
During this period occurred the famous riots of Erie 
and Harbor Creek, in opposition to the construction 
of the road through Pennsylvania. The success of 
the company in this contest was largely due to Mr. 
Kelley's efforts. After the completion of these roads 
he resigned the presidency of their respective com- 
panies, but continued an active director m each of 
them to the time of his death. 

.Mr. Kelley closed his public life as the member 
from Columbus of the State senate of 18oT. Dur- 
ing the last year of this service his health was declin- 
ing. Yet such was liis fidelity to his trust that he 
went daily to the senate, and he carried through the 
legislature several important measures for the pur- 
pose of ascertaining the condition of the State treas- 
ury, and securing the safety of the public funds. He 
was also, during his legislative career, vei'y active in 
remodeling the tax laws, so as to relieve land-owners 
from excessive taxation and place a i)art of the bur- 
den on those who had property in bonds and money. 

At the end of this term of the senate his health 
was much broken down (caused by an over-taxation 
of mind anil body), and he .seemed to 1)c gradually 
wasting away without any settled di.sease. He was 
only confined to hisroiun a few days before his death, 



which took place on the 2d day of Deceml)er, 18.")9. 
So gentle \wis the suuununs, when his pure spirit left 
its earthly tenement, that his surrounding friends 
were scarcely conscious of the great change. 

It has been said of him, tiiatfevv persons have ever 
lived who, merely by personal exertions, have left 
behind them more numerous and lasting monuments 
of patient and useful labor. 

Mr. Kelley was Uiarried on the 3.5th of August, 
1817, to Miss Mary S. Wells, daughter of Jfelauc- 
thon Wells, Esq., by whom he had a family of eleven 
children, viz: Maria Jane, who became Mrs. .Judge 
Bates, of Columbus; Charlotte, who died at six years 
old; Edward, who died at the age of two years; 
Adelaide and Henry, who died in infancy; Helen, 
who became Mrs. Francis Collins, of Columbus; 
Frank, who died at four years old; Anna, who mar- 
ried Col. C. J. Freudeiiberg, U. S. A.; Alfred: and 
Kate, wife of Kcv. W. II. Dunning, of Cambridge. 



THOMAS M. KIOIJ.EY.* 

Thomas M. Kelley, a brother of Alfred Kelley, the 
subject of the jjrcceding sketch, was born at Middle- 
town, Connecticut, on the 17th of March, 1797. In 
the following year his father removed with his family 
to Lowville, Lewis county. New York, where the sub- 
ject of this memoir resided until he came to Cleveland 
in 1815. In that place he made liis Iiomk' continu- 
ously till his death on the 11th of .luiu', 1878. Al- 
though the facilities for education were not, as a 
general rule, abundant in his childhood, yet at Low- 
ville there was, besides the common schools, an acad- 
emy where the higher bi'anches were taught, and from 
the specimens of its gradujitcs who settled here we 
should infer they were taught with more than ordi- 
nary success. 

For many years Mr. Kelh^y was engaged in iiuTcau- 
tile pursuits, and especuilly in |)acking and shipping 
beef and ]>ork, pot and pearl ashes, furs and some 
minor articles, the products of this then new region, 
down lakes Erie and Ontario and the St. Lawrence 
river to Montreal, a distant, but, for such articles, 
the most accessible market. After the completion of 
the Erie canal, in 1825, a large part of this trade was 
diverted through that channel. In later years Mr. 
Kelley was largely concerned in real estate operations 
and in banking, and in 1848 was made president of the 
Merchants' bank. 

He did not, however, give his whole mind to the 
management of business affairs. He was a man of 
unquestionable integrity and unusual intelligence, 
and was an industrious reader, not only of current 
literature, but of standard works. He formed his 
opinions deliberately, and generally correctly, and 
then, like all his brothers, was i)rone to adhere to 
them persistently. 

He was a member of the legislature, and as such did 

•By Hon. J. W. Allen. 



366 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



liis constituents and the State valuable service. Un- 
der the old constitution the State was divided into a 
dozen or more judicial circuits, in each of which was 
a "president judge" (a lawyer) who held courts in 
the various counties, and who was assisted in each 
county by three associates, usually among the best men 
but not lawyers, who could and sometimes did over- 
ride the president, and who in his absence could hold 
terms without him. In 1846 Mr. Kelley was ap- 
pointed one of these judges, and, in tlie absence of 
the president judge, charged the grand jury in a man- 
ner much superior to that generally exhibited in such 
cases. 

In 18-41 Daniel Webster, Secretary of State under 
President Harrison, offered the office of marshal of 
the United States for the district of Ohio, then em- 
bracing the whole State, to Mr. Kelluy, who agreed 
to accept it, but the speedy death of General Harrison 
and the political difficulties which arose between his 
successor. President Tyler, and the Whig Congress, 
delayed and finally defeated any action upon the 
proposition. This offer was the more complimentary 
because, owing to the then recent " Patriot War," the 
relations of the United States with Great Britain 
were in a very disturbed condition; the northern 
frontier swarmed Avith men eager to involve, the two 
countries in war, and the duties of a marshal required 
liini to be a man of very great courage, firmness and 
discretion, such as Mr. Webster knew Mr. Kelley to 
be. 

In 1833 Mr. Kelley married Miss. Lucy Latham, of. 
Vermont, a most estimable woman with whom lie 
lived liappily till her death in 1874.. The fruits of 
this union were four children — one .who died in early 
childhood; a daughter who married Col. George S. 
Mygatt and died not long afterwards; another davigh- 
ter, now the wife of Mr. Chester J. Cole; and a son, 
Thomas Arthur Kelley; both of the survivors now 
reside in Cleveland. In his domestic relations Judge 
Kelley was kind, liberal and affectionate, and among 
his associates in the outer world he was very much 
esteemed. In public matters he was an active partici- 
pant, and was a free contriiiutor in money, labor and 
influence to all undertakings that promised to ad- 
vance the common weal. 



CHARLES GREGORY KING. 

The following brief sketcli of a business life, with 
the portrait of its subject, will introduce to our read- 
ers Charles Gregory King, a pioneer lumber merchant 
of Cuyahoga count}'. He was born in the town of 
Sand Lake, Rensselaer county, New York, on the 
27th of September, 1822, and is one of a family of 
fourteen children, all of whom lived to reach the age 
of manhood and womanhood. He was early initiated 
into the practical details oi farming, which was his 
father's avocation. The necessity of constant indus- 
try early inured the boy to habits of self-denial, but 



seriously interfered with intellectual culture, for 
which he manifested a strong desire. 

At the age of sixteen his father died, leaving 
bereaved hearts and an encumbered estate as an 
inheritance to his family. With the courage and 
determination which have characterized his whole 
life, Charles, together with some of his brothers, pro- 
vided a home for their beloved mother and their 
younger brothers and sisters. Seven years of his life 
were thus occupied; then his long fosteied desire for 
mental improvement would brook no further repres- 
sion, and he felt at liberty to devote the proceeds of 
the next few months' labor to defraying the expense 
of tuition in the Brockport Collegiate Institute, lo- 
cated in western Xew York. 

In alternate study and teaching he sjient the years 
until 1849, when he started west in search of occupa 
tion. After a long and tiresome trip, which ex- 
tended into Michigan, he returned toward the East 
without accomplishing his object. At length, how- 
ever, his courage and perseverance overcame his ill- 
fortune, and at Erie, Pennsylvania, he was engaged 
as a buyer for a house which was shipping lumber to 
the Albany market. His latent ability as a business 
man soon exhibited itself, and, after various i)romo- 
tions, he removed to Cleveland in 1852, becoming a 
partner in the well-known firm of Foote & King, 
wliich established the lumber 3-ards on River street. 

In the year 1802, owing to the failing health of 
Mr. Foote, the firm was dissolved, and for three 
jears Mr. King conducted the business alone, at the 
.efld'of which time Mr. D. K. Clint became a partner. 
■ In .1866 a new yard was established on Scraiiton 
avenue, and the house of Rust, King & Co. com- 
imenced the manufacture and sale of lumber. In 
1874, when the River street yard was given up to the 
city for tlie purpose of building the viaduct, new rela- 
tions were entered into, the firm name becoming Rust, 
King & Clint, which it still continues to be. 

Commencing with limited capital, Mr. King has 
carefully and thoughtfully built up an extensive busi- 
ness, furnishing employment to many and sharing its 
benefits with a liberal hand. Amid all the fluctua- 
tions of monetary affairs, he has never been called to 
suffer serious financial loss, and at the age of fifty- 
six years we find him with the harness on, still inir- 
suing the even tenor of his business life, loved and 
honored in his domestic relations and esteemed by all 
as an upright Christian citizen. Whatever of success 
has attended Mr. King in his calling thus far, he 
attributes to the blessing of God ujion the faithful 
use of his natural powers. 



ZEN AS KING. 

Zenas King was born in Kingston, Vermont, May 
1, 1818. His father was a farmer in that State, but 
removed to St. Lawrence county. New York, in 1823. 
Zenas remained on the farm until he was twenty-one 
years of age, when he came to Ohio and turned his 




z 



^^e-i 




it 






BIOGRAPHICAL SKP^TCHES. 



3G1 



attention to other occupations. He settled in Milan, 
Erie county, and began to take contracts for the 
tu'cction of buildinj^.s, in which business he developed 
lluit mechanical ingenuity which he has shown in 
after life. In 1848 he formed a partnership with 
Mr. C. II. Buck ami engaged in the mercantile busi- 
ness, which he followed successfully for eight years. 

Ilis health partially failing, Mr. King disposed of 
his interest and engaged as a traveling agent for an 
agricultural-machinery house in Cincinnati; after 
which he became an agent for the Mosley Bridge 
Company. While connected with this company he 
became imjjressed with the defects of wooden bridges, 
and he continued to study uj)on the matter until he 
originated the "King Iron Bridge." In 18(51 he 
obtained a iiatent for his invention. 

The next year Mr. King removed his family to 
Cleveland, and erected extensive and commodious 
works on the corner of St. Clair and Wason streets 
for the purpose of manufacturing his bridges, and 
also steam boilers. His partner, Mr. Freese, on a 
dissolution of the firm took the boiler department, 
while Mi\ King retained the bridge business. 

The introduction of the bridge was a great task, 
for it was hard to make people believe that an iron 
bridge could possibly be built for fifteen hundred or 
two thousand dollars, when the old iron ones cost six 
to eight times as much, and yet were so heavy that 
they were capable of sustaining far less weight than 
the light and inexi)ensive ones invented by Mr. King. 
Knowing the value of his invention and the correct 
mechanical principles involved in it, he resolutely 
pushed its claims until his bridges are now spanning 
rivers and minor streams in all parts of the country 
from Maine to Texas, he being the first who intro- 
duced the use of iron to any extent for ordinary high- 
way bridges. 

Mr. King has already built a hundred miles of 
liridges, and is making larger additions to the num- 
lier every year. In 1871 he organized the " King 
Bridge Manufacturing Stock Company," of which he 
is the president and manager. lie is also president 
of the St. Clair and Collamer railway company. The 
"King bridge" is not only a monument of the 
inventive genius and business ability of Zenas K'ng, 
but is also a great public benefit, and as such it will 
doubtless be recognized in tiie near future. 

Mr. King has long been a vestryman in St. Paul's 
Episcopal Church. In 1844 he was married to Miss 
M. C. Wlieclock, of Ogdensburg, New York; they 
havt' foui- children liviii<r. 



JARED POTTER KIRTLAND. 

This eminent nnin — physician, scientist and nat- 
uralist — achieved decided distinction in his chosen 
sphere, and Cuyahoga county, where a large por- 
tion of his scientific work was done, may well feel 
l)roud of a citizen so intently devoted to some of the 
profoundest researches of which the human mind is 



capable. Dr. Kirtland was eminently a self-made 
naturalist, and to an inborn genius for that branch of 
science he added enthusiasm and untiring persever- 
ance — twin sisters of success. 

lie was born in Wallingford, Connecticut, in 1795, 
and at the age of fifteen made his first appearance in 
Ohio, in Poland township, whither his father had 
preceded him as general agent of the Connecticut 
Land company. It being decided that young Kirt- 
land should be a doctor, he was sent in 1817 to the 
famous medical school of Dr. Rush, in Philadelphia, 
and upon completing his education there, he returned 
to Poland, and entered upon an active medical prac- 
tice. It was during his experience as a country phy- 
sician that his taste for natural science began to de- 
velop itself, and for twenty years of his life in that 
section he paid eager attention to the study of animal 
nature, with which the country richly teemed. 

The publication of his extensive researches was 
made under the patronage of the Boston Historical 
Society, and brought him into prominent notice as a 
high authority in that department of science. In 1838 
he was appointed to the department of Natural His- 
tory in the Geological Survey, organized by the State 
of Ohio, and shortly afterwards was chosen to fill a 
chair in the Ohio Medical College, at Cincintiati. Tlio 
latter position he vacated in 1838 to take a similar 
place in the Cleveland Medical College. In that year 
he purchased a residence in Rockport, and there in- 
troduced the culture of fruit, which, largely followed 
by others, has bestowed remarkable prosperity upon 
that township. Meanwhile Dr. Kirtland continued 
his studies as a naturalist and his lectures at the col- 
lege. His developments in the field of scientific hor- 
ticulture gave to that business an emphatic impetus, 
and his valued labors as a naturalist are perpetuated 
in the Kirtland academy of natural sciences, of C-'leve- 
land. At the close of an extended and useful life. 
Dr. Kirtland died at his home in Rockport, Decem- 
ber 10, 1877, at the age of eighty-four. 



DAVID LONG. 

Dr. David Long, the first physician who located in 
Cleveland, was born in Washington county. New 
York, September 29, 1787. In 1810, at the age of 
twenty-three, he first set foot in Cleveland, wliither he 
iiad removed to begin his career. Tiiere was no doc- 
tor in all Cuyahoga county at that early day, and the 
arrival of Dr. Long was hailed with much joy by the 
inhabitants. The arduous task of "doctoring" in 
that sparsely settled country, found in Dr. Long a 
man well calculated to overcome its difficulties, and 
despite the hardships, the inconveniences and inces- 
sant laljors attenilant upon his duties, he pursued them 
with unfiagging zeal, and became a very successful 
practitioner. He was a surgeon in the army during 
the war of 1812, and, as an example of what he had 
trained himself to do in an emergency, it is related 
that he rode from Black river to Cleveland — twenty- 



8fiS 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



eight miles — in two hours and a quarter, to report the 
news of General Hull's surrender. 

After a continuous medical practice of upwards of 
thirty years, Dr. Long rested upon the well earned 
fruits of his industry, and at the end of an active and 
honorable life he died on the first day of September, 
18,51, aged sixty-four years. 

He was one of the foremost in the promotion of 
public enteriirifes, and freely gave his influence aad 
support _to numerous religious and educational in- 
stitutions of his time. Although popular in a re- 
markable degree, he never craved political distinction, 
and perhaps the only public office he held was that of 
county commissioner. It was at the time when the 
villages of Newburg and Cleveland were hotly con- 
testing for the honor of being the county-seat, and an 
election as county commissioner then was no slight 
mark of popularity. As a physician, as a man, and 
as a citizen. Dr. Long achieved a high reputation, 
and left the heritage of an honored name not only to 
his descendants but to the medical profession in Cuya- 
hoga county, of which he was the foremost pioneer. 



KOBERT F. PAINE. 

The sul)ject of this sketch was born in Madison 
county, New York, on the 10th day of May, 1810. 
He is the second son of Solomon J. Paine and Lucre- 
tia Bierce Paine, who were both natives of Cornwall, 
Litchfield county, Con' ecticut. His father was the 
son of Rufus Paine, and his mother was the daughter 
of William Bierce, both of whom served in the Amer- 
ican army during the entire war of the Eevolution, 
and both of whom shared with that army the suffer- 
ings and privations of tlic winter of 1777-8 at Valley 
Forge. Tliey both also lived to be over eighty years 
of age. 

In March, 1815, Solomon Paine left his native town 
and removed with his family to Nelson, Portage 
county, Ohio. His entire property consisted of two 
horses and a wagon, and such goods as he was able to 
store in the latter after furnishing room for a wife 
and four children. After five weeks weary journey- 
ing they arrived at Nelson, where the family remained 
until after the death of Mr. Paine, which occurred in 
1828. 

Robert F. Paine"s opportunities for obtaining an 
education were very few. He had to travel a mile and 
a half daily to the log school-house, and after he was 
nine years old was obliged to work on the farm during 
all but the wintei' montJis. At the death of his father, 
which occurred when he was eighteen years of age, 
he took charge of the family and continued to provide 
for them by his labor until the children were alile to 
care for themselves. 

In 1837 young Paine determined to become a law- 
yer, and, without an instructor and with but few 
liooks, he entered upon a course of hard study. 
Without a single previous recitation, he was exam- 
ined at the September term of the supreme court. 



sitting at Ravenna, in 1839, and was admitted to 
practice. In the fall of the same year he was elected 
justice of the peace, and served a term of three years. 
Immediately after his admission to the bar he opened 
an office in Garrettsville for the practice of his pro- 
fession. 

In 1844 Mr. Paine was elected to the Ohio legisla 
ture, and the following year was renominated but de- 
clined; his declination being followed by his election 
as prosecuting attorney of Portage county and his 
removal to Ravenna. At the expiration of his term of 
two years he removed to Cleveland, and on the 1st of 
May, 1848, opened a law office in that city. In 1849 
he was appointed clerk of the court of common pleas, 
which position he held until the adoption of the new 
constitution in 1852, when he returned to his legal 
practice. In 1800 he was chosen a delegate to the 
Republican national convention at Chicago, which 
nominated Abraham Lincoln for president, and took 
an active jiart in its proceedings. He was appointed 
United States district attorney for the northern dis- 
trict of Ohio, in April, 1861, and held that position 
four years. 

In 1809 Mr. Paine was elected judge of the court 
of common pleas of Cuyahoga county, which office 
he retained until May, 1874. During his term he 
disposed of an unusual number of civil and crim- 
inal cases. Some eight or ten cases of homicide (five 
of which resulted in conviction of murder in the first 
degree) were tried before him. Among them was the 
noted trial* of Dr. J. Galentine, convicted of man- 
slaughter. The defense of emotional insanity had 
been ineffectually set up, and in his charge to the 
jury the judge dealt in an original and able manner 
with that class of defenses. The following letter was 
written to him on that occasion by General Garfield: 

"Washington, D. C, February 0, 1871. 
"Dear Jud(ji' : — Allow me to congratulate you on 
your splendid charge to tlie jury at tlie close of the 
Galentine case. The whole country owes you a debt 
of gratitude for brushing away the wicked absurdity 
which has lately been palmed off on the country as 
law, on the subject of insanity. If the thing had 
gone much further all that a man would need to se- 
cure immunity from murder would be to tear his hair 
and rave a little, and then kill his man. I hope you 
will print your opinion in pamphlet form and send it 
iiroadcast to all the judges of tlie laud. 

"Very truly yours, 

"J. A. Gakfield." 

We also quote extracts from the New York Trilmne. 
embodying tlie best opinions of the country. After 
giving a lirief synopsis of the case it says: 

" But it is to the extremely lucid and sensible charge 
of Judge Paine to the jury that wo desire to call special 
attention. It is not always that a judicial summing 
up has so much common sense crowded into it. 'If 
vou should find,' said Judge Paine, 'that tlie defendant 
was overwhelmed by any real or supposed provocation, 
which for the moment deprived him of all power to 
control his action, and incapable of reasoning or de- 
liberation, then inquire, did the defendant, by indulg- 
ing passion, by meditating revenge and cultivating 




/f.a.^^ 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



3fi9 



muliue toward the deceased, for real or fancied provo- 
cation, voliiiitariiy jirodiice tlie inability to reason, re- 
lli'ct, deliheratcand control his will; or was lie rendered 
liiiwcrlcss in these respects by the circumstances which 
surrounded him, and for which lie was not responsi- 
ble?" We do not remember in ;iiiy of the now un- 
fortunately numerous trials for homicide in which 
that most intangible thing, 'temporary insanity' has 
been the defense, to have seen the true law of the case 
stated more lucidly. The number of murders com- 
mitted in cold bldod, and with strict malice prepense, 
is conijiaratively small; and these are mostly perpe- 
trated with the ulterior purjiose of robbery. A mur- 
der done for the sake of j)rivate vengeance is quite 
another matter. The culprit broods over what he 
considers to be his injuries, 'cultival,in<T,' to use the 
language of Judge I'aine, 'a disposition to execute 
vengeance until his passions have become too powerful 
to be controlled by his will and judgment.' Can he 
tliercfoiv take the life of the subject of his hatred 
uilh iiiniunity? 'To my mind,' said the Judge, 'to 
hold thus would be to offer a premium on depravity 
and to encourage the cultivation of the worst elements 
of our nature.' We do not think that we have ever 
seen the truth of a vexed and much discussed question 
more clearly stated. Laws are made and jienalties 
more or less severe are ]irovided for their violation, 
simply that members of society may have a motive, 
even if it be not the best one, for keeping the mastery 
over illicit passions. Thus it has been held for cen- 
turies, and it is good law to-day, that the inebriety of 
a murderer is no excuse, and to only a limited extent 
an extenuation; and hundreds of men have been 
hanged who were intoxicated when they did the fatal 
deed. The case is much stronger when a man suppos- 
ing himself to have been wronged, instead of seeking 
at the hands of the law that satisfaction which is free 
to all, constitutes himself judge, jury and executioner, 
making havoc of every jirinciple of order upon which 
social institutions are founded." 

In politics Judge Paine was an ardent Whig until 
I S4S, after which he acted with the Free Soil party 
utitil the formation of the Republican party. He 
then united with the latter, of which he was an 
earnest supporter until 187"-i. He then advocated 
the election of Horace Greeley to the jiresidency, 
since which time he has voted the Democratic ticket. 
During the whole of his public life, in the many 
ri'sjionsible positions to which he has been a])pointed, 
he has mainlained a high character for honor and 
straightforwardness, and has disciiarged his duties 
with unvarying fidelity and ability. 

lie is a self-made man of no ordinary kind, having 
under the most di.sadvantageous circumstances, and 
without help of any kind, worked himself up from 
]iiivcrty and obscurity to distinction on the bench 
and at the bar. 

Judge Paine Iia,s been married three times — first in 
August, IS-K), to Miss Afiranda Hazen, of Garretts- 
ville, who died at Cleveland in August, 1848, leaving 
an infant daughter; second, in 1853. to Mrs. II. Cor- 
nelia Harris, who die<l in 18Tl), leaving three sons; 
third, in May, 1872, to Miss Delia Humphrey, of 
Summit count v. Dhio. 



IIICIIAIU) C. PAR.SONS. 

Richard C. Parsons, one of the projirietors of the 
Cleveland llerahl, was born in New London, Con- 
necticut, October 10, 1820. His father was a mer- 
chant of New York city, a gentleman of large busi- 
ness capacity, and remarkable for his benevolence and 
sterling character. He died in 1832, at the age of 
thirty-nine years. His grandfather was Rev. David 
Parsons, D.D., of Amherst, Massachusetts, an emi- 
nent clergyman, whose ministry, with that of his father 
over the Presbyterian church of Amherst, continued 
uninterruptedly through a period of eighty years. 
The wife of Rev. David Parsons was a sister of (^liief 
Justice Williams, of Connecticut, and a niece of Wil- 
liam Williams, one of the signers of the Declaration 
of Inde])oiidence. 

The subject of this sketch received a liberal educa- 
tion in New England. He came to Cleveland in 184!t, 
studied law with Charles Stetson, and was admitted 
to the bar in October, 1851. He took at once a prom- 
inent position, and gave promise of a brilliant future 
in his chosen profession. But political life had strong 
attractions for him, and he immediately entered iijion 
that series of official services which occupied his time 
until quite recently. 

In 1852 j\Ir. Parsons was elected a member of the 
city council of Cleveland, and the following year was 
chosen president of that body. In 1857 he was 
elected to the Ohio legislature. He was re-elected in 
1859, and on the meeting of the legislature the fol- 
lowing winter he was chosen speaker of the house of 
representatives. He was the youngest person who 
had ever filled that position, yet his thorough knowl- 
edge of parliamentary rules, his pronijit and decisive 
address, and his great personal popularity secured 
his re-election with little opposition. In 1801 Presi- 
dent Lincoln tendered him the mission to Chili, which 
he declined. He was subsequently appointed consul 
at Rio Janeiro , where he served one year with great 
advantage to our commercial and maritime interests 
at that port. 

Returning to Cleveland Mr. Parsons was ai)j)ointed, 
in 18G'2, collector of internal revenue for the Twen- 
tieth district, which position he filled for four 3'ears, 
when he was removed by President Johnson, because 
he refused to give in his adherence to the "Johnson 
party." In 1800 he was appointed marshal of the 
Supreme Court of the United States, and after serving 
for six years, resigned. 

In 1873 Mr. Parsons was elected to the forty-third 
Congress as a Republican, from the Twenticitli Con- 
gressional district of Ohio, receiving thirteen thous- 
and one hundred and one votes, against ten thousand 
three hundred and seventy-seven for the candidate of 
the Democrats and Liberals. In ('ongress he was at 
once placed on important committees, on which he 
served with industrv and marked abilitv. Hv his 



3:o 



THE CITY OV CLEVELAND. 



intelligent and well directed efforts he secni-ed the 
first appropriation for the breakwater at the port of 
Cleveland, a work of inestimable value to the com- 
mercial interests of the city. In 1877 he joined Wil- 
liam Perry Fogg in the purchase of the Cleveland 
Herald, and became editor-in-chief of that journal, in 
which position he still remains. He is a forcible 
and able writer, and has made the Herald one of the 
conspicuous features of Western journalism. 



HENRY B. PAYNE. 

Henry B. Payne, a prominent lawyer and statesman, 
was born in Hamilton, Madison county. New York, 
on the 30th of November, 1810. 

His father, Elisha Payne, was an early settler of 
that county, having removed thitlier from Lebanon, 
Connecticut, in 1705. He was a man of great i)er- 
sonal integrity, purity of character and public spirit, 
and was instrumental in an eminent degree in found- 
ing Hamilton Theological Seniinary. 

Henry B. Payne was educated at Hamilton College, 
Clinton, New York, and was graduated in the class of 
1833, ranking high in mathematics and belles-lettres. 
He commenced the study of law in the office of 
John C. Spencer the same year. Li 1833 he removed 
to Cleveland, then a village of some three thousand 
inhabitants, and was admitted to the bar the follow- 
ing year. He at once commenced the practice of law 
in company with H. V. Willson, his partner and for- 
mer classmate. This partnership continued twelve 
years, until, in consequence of hemorrhage of the 
lungs, Mr. Payne was compelled to relin(|uish the 
profession. 

He subsequently served two years in the city coun- 
cil, chiefly engaged in reforming the finances, restor- 
ing the municipal credit, and reconstructing the fire 
deimrtmcnt. In 1849, conjointly with John W. Allen, 
Richard Hilliard, John M. Woisey and others, lie en- 
tered earnestly into measures for constructing the 
Cleveland and Columbus railroad. It is no dispar- 
agement to the labors of others to say that to him, Rich- 
ard Hilliard, Esq., and Hon. Alfred Kelley, that great 
enterprise was mainly indebted for its success — a suc- 
cess which, being achieved at a most critical i^eriod in 
the fortunes of Cleveland, contributed in a very great 
degree to its prosperity. Upon its completion in 1851 
Mr. Payne was elected president, and retained that 
office till 1854, when he resigned. In 1855 he first 
became a director of the Cleveland, Painesville and 
Ashtabula railroad (afterwards the Lake Shore). In 
1854 he was elected a member of the first board of 
w.iter-works commissioners, which so successfully 
planned, located and completed the Cleveland water 
works. 

In 18G2 the legislature created a board of sinking- 
fund commissioners for the city of Cleveland. Mr. 
Payne has been the president of the board since its 
organization. How wisely the commissioners have 
performed their duties was shown by the fact that the 



fund, originally about two hundred and fifty thousand 
dollars, increased in the course of twelve years, under 
the management of the board, to nearly two millions 
of dollars, an instance of prudent and sagacious man- 
agement of a trust fund which was perhaps without 
a parallel in the United States. 

At an early day Mr. Payne became interested in 
and identified with the manufacturing enterprises of 
Cleveland. He was at one time a stockholder and di- 
rector in some eighteen corporations, devoted to co;il 
and iron mining, manufacturing in various brandies, 
banking, etc., all of which were in a sound and flour- 
ishing condition. 

In politics Sir. Payne has ever licen a conservative 
Democrat — not always active, and sometimes indei)en- 
dent. Ill 1849 he was elected to tiic State senate, and 
served two years in that body. In 1851 he was the 
nominee of the Democrats in the legislature for United 
States senator, but after a prolonged balloting the 
contest finally resulted in the election of Benjamin 
F. Wade by a majority of one. In 1857 he was tlie 
Democratic candidate for governor, and made a can- 
vass remarkable for its spirit and brilliancy, at the end 
of which he came within a few hundred votes of de- 
feating Salmon P. Chase. Mr. Payne was chcsen a pres- 
idential elector on the Cass ticket in 1848, and was a 
member of the Cincinnati convention which nomi- 
nated Buchanan in 1850. He was also a delegate at 
large to the Democratic National convention at 
Charleston in ISfiO, and reported from the committee 
the minority resolutions which were adopted by tliat 
convention. He advocated the report in a speech re- 
markable for its perspicuity, brilliancy and power, 
condemning incipient secession, and uttering kindly 
but earnest warnings to the men of tiie Soiitii. Tlie 
speech won for him the gratitude and apphiuse of tlie 
Northern delegates, and the personal admiration of 
the Southern members, and gave him a national rep- 
utation as a sagacious and able statesman. 

In 1857 Mr. Payne joined heartily with Senator 
Douglas in his opposition to the Lecompton constitu- 
tion; made speeches against it at Columbus, Cincin- 
nati, Indianapolis and other cities, and was active in 
procuring the passage by the Ohio legislature of 
resolutions denouncing that measure. He assisted 
Dougliis in his celebrated campaign in 1858 against 
Lincoln and the Buchanan office-holders in Illinois, 
and when the war broke out he took his stand with 
that patriotic statesman, and persevered in public 
and earnest efforts for the suppression of the rebel- 
lion. In 1803 he united with prominent men of both 
the Democratic and Republican parties in addressing 
the people to encourage enlistments, and joined with 
a large number of the wealthiest citizens in a guar- 
anty to the county treasurer against loss by advanc- 
ing money to equip regiments; trusting to future 
legislation to sanction such advances. 

Mr. Payne was chairman of the Ohio delegation at 
the Democratic national convention at Baltimore in 
1873, which nominated Horace Greclev for President, 



BIOGKAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



371 



aud warmly advocated that movciiunit. In 1874, at 
the joint and urgent solicitation of the Democrats 
and Liberal Republicans, he accejjtcd the nomination 
for tiie forty-fourth Congress, and was elected by a 
majority of two thousand five hundred and thirty- 
two in a district wliich prevously had given a Repub- 
lican majority of about five thousand. 

On accepting the nomination lie said: " If elected, 
and life is sjiared to serve out the term, 1 iinmiise to 
come back with liand and heart as uiideliied and 
clean as when I left you." 

In Congress Jlr. Payne was appointed a member of 
tiie committee on banking and currency, and also of 
that on civil service reform. During the exciting 
contest over the election of j)resident, in the winter oi 
1S7C and '77, he was made chairman of tiie committee 
ciiosen by the House to uniie with one from the Senate 
in devising a method of settling tlie ini])ending diffi- 
riiities. As such chairman lie reported the l)ill, jno- 
viding for the celelirated electoral commission, to thi' 
House, and had charge of it during its passage. He 
was ahso elected and served as one of that commission, 
lie reported to the joint Democratic Congressional 
caucus a bill for the gradual resumption of specie 
jiaynients, which was approved by the caucus but 
failed to pass. The principal feature of this bill was 
the permanent retention of the greenback :is a con- 
stituent clement of the currency. 

As a lawyer Mr. Payne was distinguislKcl lor lidel 
ity, thoroughness and forensic ability. The icinaik- 
;ible ])owers of his mind were especially manifested in 
bis inllnence over others in adjusting legal rights and 
moral e(|uitics in cases where great aud aniiigonistii 
interests were involved. Coolness of temper, suavity 
of nnmncr and genial humor, condjined with firmness 
and strength of will, were his chief instrumentalities. 
,\s a jiolitical leader he always had the confidence ol 
his ]>arty and the respect of all. In April, 18';.'), he 
was prominently mentioned as the coming Demociatic 
and Liberal nominee for the Presidency of the United 
Stales. Mr. Payne was married in iS'M'i to the oni} 
daughter of Nathan Perry. K.-i|., a retired mcicliant 
n( Cleveland. 



FHLnKlUCK WILLIAM PELTON. 

This gentleman, one of the ex-mayors of Clevchmd. 
is of Englisii di'scent, and was born in Clliester, Con- 
necticut, on the 24th day of March, 1827. 

His father, Russell Pelton, was born in Portland, 
in the same State, on the 20th of Jnly, 1803, and mar- 
ried Pamelia Abby, daughter of Asaph Abby. on the 
2iitli of August, 1821. In 183.i lie removed witli his 
fanuly to Cuyahoga county, and settled in Brooklyn 
(now a part of Cleveland), where he still resides. He 
is a member of llie Methodist Episcojial church, an 
active and enterprising citizen, and a man of sti'rling 
integrity and honor. 

Frederick W. Pelton, the fourth of a family of six 
children, was but eight years of age when his father 



removed to Oliio. He was educated at Brooklyn 
academy, finishing the course at the age of sixteen, 
when he immediately entered upon the duties of 
bookkee])cr for Messrs. Wheeler, Chamberlain & Co., 
of Akron, Summit county, with whom he remained 
until he attained Jiis majority. He then returned to 
Cleveland with Mr. Chamljerlain, the second member 
of the firm, by whom he was employed in the same 
cai)acity until, on account of failing health, he was 
obliged to resign his position. 

Returning to Brooklyn, young Pelton engaged in 
farming and soon recovered his health and strength. 
He did not, however, re-enter the counting room, but 
for ten years, which he regards as among the most 
pleasant of his life, he remained emjiloyed in agricul- 
tural pursuits. Desiring a change at the expirati(jn of 
that jieriod, he engaged in the ship chandlery business 
in Cleveland, which he carried on successfully until 
18G1, when he resj)onded to the call made for troops to 
su])i>ress the rebellion. He had served as a captain of 
ail independent battery for twelve years, and entered 
tlie First Ohio artillery as captain of Company E. The 
I'egimcnt to which he belonged — commaned by Gen. 
James Barnott — served three mouths in Western Vir- 
ginia and then returned to Columbus and was mus- 
tered out. 

Mr. Pelton did not re-enter the service, and, in the 
autumn of 1863 he went into the insurance business, 
as treasurer, and afterwards as secretary, of the Buck- 
eye Insurance company. In 18C5 he was elected to 
the city council from the ninth ward, and the follow- 
ing year was made president of that body. In 1867 
he was re-elected from the same ward, and in 1870 
was chief deputy treasurer under Colonel Lynch. He 
was elected nniyor of the city of Cleveland in August, 
1871, and served two years, winning universal ap- 
proval by the ability with which he managed the niu- 
nicipid affairs. During his term he was noted for his 
advocacy of every measure tending to the imi)rovi- 
ment of the city iiiul the develoi>ment of its resources. 
His valedictory address was highly commended as giv- 
ing a particularly'clear and tangible exhibit of the 
local finances, and of important improvements and 
enterj)rises. In 1873 he was elected county treas- 
urer, and in 1875 was re-elected, serving in this office 
two terms of two years each. He is a director of tlie 
Cili/ens' Loan Association and has been a member of 
the finance committee since its organization. 

In politics he is a Republican, and is actively inter- 
I'sted ill the men and measures of that party. Mr. 
Pelton is an active member of the Masonic order, be- 
longing to West Side Lodge No. 408, F. and A. 
M., Thatcher Chapter No. 101, Cleveland Council 
No. 36, and Oriental Commandery, having held the 
office of Master and High Priest. He is also a mem- 
ber of the order of Odd Fellows, in which he takes 
a high rank, l)eing a mend)er of Pho'iiix Lodge, I.O. 
O.I'"., and North Wing Encampment. 

In all public affairs Jlr. Pelton has ever nninifestcd 
a liberal spirit, and in many ways has been instru- 



372 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



ment.il in forwarding the best interests of the people 
of Cleveland. In the relations of social and busi- 
ness life lie has uniformly borne himself in sncii a 
manner as to win the respect and confidence of those 
with whom he has been associated. 

He was married on the ^Oth of August, 1848, to 
Miss Susan A. Deunison, of Brooklyn, Oliio, by whom 
he has h-id seven children, only three of wliom are 
living. 



JACOB PERKINS. 

Jacob Perkins was born in Warren, Trumbull 
county, Oliio, on tlie 1st of September, 1832. He 
was next to the youngest of the children of General 
Simon Perkins, one of the earliest and most promi- 
nent business men of northern Ohio. 

He developed a strong inclination for study in 
early years, acquiring knowledge with unusual facil- 
ity. After thorough preparation at the academies of 
Burton, Ohio, and Middletown, Connecticut, he en- 
tered Yale College in 18': 7. There he distiuguislied 
liimself by his literary and oratorical abilities, deliver- 
ing the philosoiihic oration at the junior exhibition, 
and being chosen second editor of the Vale Literanj 
Magazine, aposition hefilled with credit to himself and 
to the pride and satisfaction of his classmates. His 
close application to study and the additional labor of 
literary work were, however, too much for his 
strength, and before the close of his junior year he 
was obliged to relinquish his studies and go home, so 
that he did not graduate with his own class. In the 
succeeding year, his health having imiJi'oved, he re- 
turned, and graduated with the class of 1842. On leav- 
ing college he entered his father's otKce, in Warren, 
and engaged closely in its business until the death 
of his father, when, with his brothers, he was some 
time engaged in settling the large estate. 

After his return to Warren, he was frequently 
called on to address the people on jniblic occasions, and 
he did so with marked success. He became early inter- 
ested in politics, taking the anti-slavery side, which was 
then not in popular favor, and made many effective 
speeches, in support of its principles and measures. 
An address delivered in 1848 attracted much at- 
tention from the boldness and distinctness with 
which it asserted the right of self-ownership in every 
jierson without regard to color or race. 

The abilities he displayed, his strong convictions of 
right, and the fearlessness with which he manifested 
them, led the people of his district to chose him as 
one of the convention that framed the Ohio constitu- 
tion, which was adojjted in 1851, and remains the 
fundamental law of the State. His political priuci- 
])les placed him with the minority in that body, but 
bis inlluence and joosition were equaled by few in the 
dominant party. This was the only political position 
ever held by him, except that in 1856 he was one of 
tlie Ohio presidential electors at large, on the Fremont 
ticket. 



As might be expected from his early devotion to 
study, he was in later life an earnest friend of educa- 
tional enterprises. It was owing to his suggestion 
and persistence that the authorities of Western Ee- 
serve College were induced to adopt the conditious of 
a permanent fund, rather than to solicit unconditional 
contributions, and, in connection with his brothers, 
he made the first contribution to that fund. The 
wisdom of the course adopted was shown in after 
years, when dissensions and embarrassment crippled 
the institution, and would have destroyed it but for 
the permanent fund which enabled it to weather the 
storm, and which became the nucleus of its jierma- 
nent endowment. He gave another proof of hisjiub- 
lic spirit and generosity by uniting with two others of 
like disj)osition in purchasing the grounds for Wood- 
land cemetery, at Warren, beautifying them, and then 
transferring the property to the corporation. 

The most important enterprise of his life, and one 
which has conferred vast benefits on the public, was 
the building and management of the Cleveland and 
Mahoning railroad. Soon after returning from the 
constitutional convention he became interested in the 
scheme for a railroad between Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg, by way of the Mahoning valley, and was very 
influential in procuring the charter and organizing 
the company, of which he was made j)resident. It 
was very difficult to procure subscriptions to the 
stock, most of the capitalists of Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg being interested in other and partly conflicting 
lines. 

In IS.'iS the work was commenced with a small 
stock subscription, and the gradual tightening of the 
money market operated to prevent much increase. 
The bonds were disposed of with great difficulty, and 
when the financial crisis of 1857 occurred, with the 
road still unfinished, the bonds were unsaleable. IJail- 
roads which were to have connected with the Mahoning, 
and to have prolonged the line to the seaboard, were 
abandoned, and the prospects of that road were thus 
rendered still more gloomy. In this emergency but 
one of two courses remained open to the management; 
to abandon the enterjirise and lose the whole invest- 
ment, or to ]iush it to completion from Cleveland to the 
coal fields by the pledge and at the risk of the private . 

fortunes of the managers. The latter course was cho- 
sen, ixt the earnest entreaty of Mr. Perkins; he agreeing, 
in case of disaster, to pay the first 8100,000 of loss, 
and to share equally with tho others in any other sac 
riflce. In 1854 he went to England, with tlie hope 
of raising money, but returned unsuccessful. In 
1856 the road was completed to Youngstown and 
the development of the coal and iron business corn- 
menced. 

In the month of June, 1857, his wife, to whom he 
was devotedly attached, died of consumption. His 
close attention at her sick bed broke down his constitu- 
tion. Tiie latter part of the winter of 1857-8 was spent 
in the Southern States, as was also the following sum- 
mer. But the disease was beyond cure, and on the 12tli 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



373 



of January, 1859, he died at Havana, Cuba. His re- 
mains were embalmed and brought to Warren, where 
tiioy were interred in Woodhind cemetery. His char- 
acter is clearly showu in the acts of his life. Richly 
ciiilowed with natural gifts, he used those gifts in the 
interest of humanity and freedom, though thus sacri- 
licing all hope of a political career he was so well 
fitted to adorn. Fond of study, and with wealth to 
indulge his tastes, he sacrificed ease, wealth and health 
for the public benefit. One of his last remarks was 
that on his tombstone might be engraved, "died of the 
iMaiioning railroad." 

He was married October 24, 18.50, to Miss Elizabeth 
O. Tod, daughter of Dr. J. I. Tod, of Metson, 
Trumbull county, Ohio. His wife and two of his 
throe children died before him. His son, Jacob B. 
I'erkius, alone survived him. 



NATHAN I'KHUY* 

Nat ban Perry, one of Cleveland's pioneer merchants 
anil millionaires, was born in Connecticut in 178G. and 
(lied in Cleveland June 34, 1805. His father. Judge 
Mathan Perry, first came from Connecticut to Ohio 
in 170G, and continued during that season with the 
siirveyoi's who were running township lines of that 
jiortion of the Western Reserve east of the Cuyahoga 
river. The judge removed with his family to Cleve- 
land in 180G or 1807, and on the orgnnization of Cuy- 
ahoga county in 1800 he was aj)pointed one of its 
judges. He died in 1813, leaving four ciiildi'en, viz, 
a daughter who liceame the wife of Peter M. Weddell; 
and three sons — Horatio, who settled in Lorain county; 
Horace, wdio was formany years clei-k and recorder of 
Cuyahoga county, and who died in 1835, highly re- 
spected by the community; and Nathan, the subject of 
this sketch. 

The last named sellU^d at Black Kiver, now in Lo- 
rain county, in 18(i4, and engaged in trade. By gnat 
efforts he mastered several Indian dialects, and thus 
built up an extensive trade with the tribes which tiien 
occujiied all the territory west of the Cuyahoga river. 
Tiie incident related on page fifty-five of the geiu'ral 
history of the county, when he and Quintus F. Afkins 
rescued a Mr. Plumb from the fate which had slain 
his comjianions, shows some of the hardships of that 
jieriod. 

In 1808 the subject of this memoir removed fnun 
lihick River to Clevehnid and began trading at that 
l)lace, where for more than twenty years he was a lead- 
ing merchant. His store and dwelling, both under 
one roof, were located at the corner of Superior and 
Water streets, on the luesenl site of the Second Na- 
tional Bank building. After a few years a brick store 
and dwelling were erected in the same place; it being 
the third brick building in Cleveland. 

It is related of Mr. Perry that at one time he took 
twelve thousand dollars worth of furs to New York. 



"From Cleavc's Biographical t'yt'opedia of Ohio. 



following the Wiigoii containing thi'iii from Huffalo to 
the former city. On arriving there he encountered 
John Jacob Astor, who endeavored to get from him 
the "asking price" of his furs, which he declined to 
give. Mr. Astor becoming imjiortunate, lie was told 
that lie could not have the furs at any ])ricc. Mr. 
Perry had made up his mind that he could do better 
with any one else than he could with Astor, (who was 
not only the great fur merchant of those days but 
was also one of the closest men in New York), and 
therefore he would not even show his furs. 

Mr. Perry was really the pioneer merchant of this 
part of Ohio; tliat is, he was the first who carried on 
the mercantile business on a large scale — his jirede- 
cessors having merely supplied a few local wants. 
Endowed with a vigorous constitution, exhaustless 
energy and restless enterprise, he was well (|ualified to 
encounter and subdue the hardships, cxjiosnres, and 
perils incident to frontier life. The men of to-day 
can hardly realize the fatigue, self-denial and anxie- 
ties of the merchant of sixty years ago, when goods 
had to be transported from Philadelphia to Pittsburg 
on "Pennsylvania wagons" and thence by pack-horse 
or ox-team to Cleveland, and bartered to Indians and 
rugged settlers in exchange for all sorts of commodi- 
ties, under the constant personal care and insj)ection 
of the trader. 

A distinguishing trait in Mr. Perrv's character, de- 
veloped in his youtii and prediiininating through his 
life, was the celerity with which he forfncd ah opinion, 
and the extraordinary tenacity with which he adhered 
to it when formed. He was never known to relent, or 
change his decision. l?ut he was a man of warm 
affections, generous and steadfast in his frieiidshijis, 
of the strictest integrity and honor, and ever active 
:ind influential as a citizen. \\ hen the village of 
Cleveland was organized, he was one of the first trus- 
tees, but he had no predilection for public life. He 
invested largely in real estate which increased enor- 
mously in value, and made him. at his death, very 
wealthy. 

Mr. Perry's last illness was of atioiit live weeks du- 
ration. Paralysis set in, first attacking the lower 
extremities and gradually working iqi until it reached 
the heart. 

He was married in ISIG to a dangliter of ('ai)tain 
Abrani Skinner, of Paiiiesville. His son, Oliver 
Hazard Perry, named after Commodore Perry, a dis- 
tant relative of the family, met with an accidental 
death upon a railway in December, 1804. His oiilv 
daughter was married to Hon. H. H. I'ayne, of Cleve- 
land and still survives. His eldest grandson, Hon. 
Nathan P. Payne, was elected mayor of Cleveland in 
April, is;.-.. 



HOUSTON II I'ol'i'I.KlON. 

Houston H. Popiiletou was born near Bellville, 
liichland county, Ohio, March I'.l, 1830, and is the 
youngest son of ]{ev. Samuel and Julia A. Popplcton. 



374 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Rev. Samuel Poppletou was born ia the State of 
Vermont, July 2, 1793, but while quite young moved 
with his father to Genesee county, New York, where 
he lived until 1820, when he moved to Ohio. He 
lived in Richland county, Ohio, from 1822 until 
March, 1853, when he moved to Delaware, Ohio, 
where he continued to reside most of the time until 
bis death, which occurred at Delaware, September 14, 
1804. He was a soldier in the war of 1812, and 
served with honor and distinction. Shortly after its 
close he entered the ministry of the Methodist Epis- 
copal Church, and continued to preach, as his health 
would permit, for nearly fifty years. He was twice 
married. His first wife was Miss Parthenia Stein- 
back, of Genesee county. New York, and his second. 
Miss Julia A. Smith, of Richland county, Oiiio. By 
the first marriage, four children were born, to wit: 
Rowena L. , intermarried with P. W. Strong, of Mans- 
field, Ohio; Samuel D., killed in 1864, at the battle 
of Atlanta, Georgia; ilary Ellen, intermarried with 
Daniel Fisher, of liellvillc, and Andrew J., who died 
at West Unity, Ohio, September 25, 1850. 

By the second marriage, six children were born, to 
wit: Emory E., Parthenia P., Damaris A., Early F., 
Houston XL, and Zada C. 

Emory E. has been engaged in Inisiiiess in Detroit 
and Chicago, and is now the secretary of the Cleve- 
land and Mahoning Valley- railroad, residing at 
Cleveland. 

Parthenia P. married Hon. Stevenson Burke, long 
prominently identified with the Lorain county bar, 
and after residing in Elyria for over twenty-two years, 
moved to Cleveland. She died at Salt Lake. City, 
Utah, January 7, 1878, and is buried in Lake View 
cemetery, near Cleveland. 

Damaris A. was married to Hon. Geoige B. Lake, 
formerly a member of the Lorain county bar, and 
now eliief justice of the State of Nebraska. She 
died in April, 1854, and is Iniried in the cemetery at 
Elyria. 

Early F. read law, and was admitted to the bar at 
Elyria, and, after practicing there several years, moved 
to Delaware, Ohio, where he has ever since been an 
active and successful lawyer and politician. He was 
elected State senator from the counties of Licking and 
Delaware, and after serving one term was elected on 
the Democratic ticket to the forty-^fourth Congress, 
from the ninth Ohio Congressional district. Although 
one of the youngest members of that body, he was ac- 
tive and industrious; serving with marked ability, and 
with credit to himself and to his party. 

Zada C. was married to Thomas II. Linnell, of 
Elyria, and resided there during the whole of her 
married life. She died March 29, 1875, and is buried 
in the cemetery at Elyria. 

Houston H. Pojjpleton received his early education 
in the common schools at Bellville, but entered the 
Ohio Wesleyan University at Delaware, Ohio, in the 
spring of 1853, and, although his attendance was not 
continuous, he graduated from that institution in 



June, 1858. He taught school several winters in the 
counties of Delaware and Richland, while pursuing 
his studies at the university, and also had general 
charge of his father's mercantile house at Richwood, 
from April, 1855, to February, 1857. In September, 

1858, he entered the law office of Stevenson Burke, at 
Elyria, and prosecuted his studies there until October, 

1859, when he entered the Cincinnati Law College. 
Completing the prescribed course there, he graduated 
from it on the 16tli of April, 18G0, and was admitted 
to the bar at Cincinnati the same day. Returning to 
Elyria, he formed a law jiartnership with his brother- 
in-law, Mr. Burhe, and commenced practice May 2, 

1860, After Mr. Burke's election to the bench, Mr. 
Poppleton formed a law partnership with Hon. H. D. 
Clark, which continued about two years. On the 
10th of February, 1804, he was married, at Cincinnati, 
to Miss Lucinda H. Cross, of that city. He resided 
in Elyria until September 24, 1875, when lie moved 
with his family to Cleveland. 

From the latter jiart of 1864 he continued in active 
general practice at Elyria, without a partner, until 
November, 1873, when he was appointed general 
attorney of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and 
Indianapolis railway company, with headquarters at 
Cleveland, which jiosition he still holds. He was 
prominent, active and successful in his practice, as 
the records of the courts of Lorain and adjoining 
counties abundantly show, and in his removal the bar 
of Lorain county sustained a serious loss. By accept- 
ing tlie position of general attorney of the company 
mentioned he became the head of the legal depart- 
ment of that corporation, and has had entire charge 
of its legal business along its whole line, as well as 
elsewhere. Giving his personal attention to the de- 
tails of all the litigation of the company — trying only 
those causes that should be tried, and settling those 
that should be settled — he has, by his fair, honorable 
and judicious course, made many friends for himself, 
and secured for his company a reputation and good 
will that any railroad company in the country might 
well envy. 



CHAPTER LXVIII. 

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES-CONTINUED. 

Thomas Quayle— D. P. Rhodes— Ansel Roberts— J. P. Robison— W. U. 
Rose— J. H. Salisbury— J. t'. Sanders— W. J. Scott— Eliaa Sims— A. D. 
Slaght— Amasa Stone— A. B. Stone— W. S. Streator— Peter Thatcher- 
Amos Townsend— Oscar Townsend— J. H. Wade — Samuel Williamson 
— H. V. Willson— R. K. Winslow— Reuben Wood-T. D. Crocker. 

THOMAS QUAYLE. 

Thomas Quayle has been, for more than thirty 
years, closely and prominently identified with the 
ship-building interests of Cleveland, and has been 
largely accessary to its growth and development. He 
ivas born on the Isle of Man on the 9th day of May, 
1811. His parents, who were both natives of that 
island, emigrated to America in 1827, coming directly 




Jnc-77? a^ -^ ^'iCt j Uy 



BIOGKAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



375 



to Cleveland. Ili.s father soon afterward purchased 
a farm in Newbiirg, where he resided until his deatli. 
Until twenty-five years of age Mr. Qnayle worked 
MS a journeyman at his trade of ship-carpenter, to 
which lie had hcen apprenticed before leaving the 
Isle of Man. In 1847 he formed a co-partnership 
with John Codey, and at once started in the ship- 
building business. This firm lasted throe years, dur- 
ing which time it built the brigs "Caroline" and 
•' Siiakcspoarc " for Charles Richmond, of Chicago. 
In 1849 Mr. Codey witJidrew fnim tlic liusiness and 
wont to California. 

Soon afterward Mr. t^uayle went into comiiaiiy 
wiMi liUther Moses, and for two years the firm carried 
on an extensive business, liaving from six to seven 
vessels on the stocks at once, and turning out two 
sets a year. The year after Mr. Moses left the firm, 
a partnership was formed with John Martin, and tJie 
business was enlarged and extended. In one year 
litis firm built thirteen vessels, among others, the bar- 
c|ue " W. T. Craves," tfliich carried the largest cargo 
of any fresh-water vessel afioat. The propeller " Dean 
Kiciimond" is another imi)ortant i)roduction of Quayle 
1.S:, Martin's yard. Besides these, four first-class ves- 
sels, built for Mr. Frank I'erew, deserve mention as 
giving character to Cleveland ship-building. They 
were named the " Mury E. Perew," " D. P. Dobbin," 
" Cliandler J. Wells" and "J. G. Masten." Messrs. 
Quayle & Martin also built the tug "J. H. Martin," 
intended for their use in the port of Erie. 

In 1874 the partnership with Mr. Martin was dis- 
solved and a new one was formed with (Jeorge L. and 
Thomas E. (Quayle, under the name of Thomas Quayle 
iv Sons, which is still in existence. The first vessels 
l)uiU by this firm were the " E. B. Hale" and the 
"Sparta." Tiie following yearit built the " Commo- 
dore," the largest vessel on the lakes. During the 
summer of 1878, (Juayle & Sons built two ])ropellers 
for the Anchor Line, and one for the Western 'i'rans- 
portation (j'ompany, of Buffalo; the latter being called 
the "Buffalo." They have just launched (August, 
1S70,) the "Chicago," a magnificent boat of one 
thousand seven hundred and seventy-five tons bur- 
den, which they have built for the latter named com- 
jiany. The vessels built by the firms of which Mr. 
Quayle has been the head arc known all over the 
great lakes, and far exceed in number those of any 
other firm in the West. 

Mr. Quayle stands high among the citizens of 
Cleveland for integrity of character, and as a man who 
always fulfills his obligations to cmjiloyer and em- 
ployed. He is a member of the Secoiul Presbyterian 
church and active in all the duties jtertaining to that 
relation. For a number of years he ha.s been associ- 
ated with the Masonic order, being a member of Big- 
elow lodge, on the West Side, and of Webb chapter, on 
the East Side. lie is also a member of the Monas 
llelief Society, composed of people from the Isle of 
Man. 

Mr. (Quayle was married in 183.5 to Eleanor Can- 



non, of the Isle of Man, by whom he had eleven chil- 
dren, of whom six are living. She died in Septem- 
ber, 18(10. In February, 18G7, he was married to 
Mary Proudfoot, daughter of John Proudfoot, Es(i., 
of Cleveland. Ilis childi-en have been Thomas E., 
born July 20, 183(i; William II., born April 37, 18.38; 
John James, born October 17, 1831), who died Feb- 
ruary 13, 1843; Eleanor M., born March 7, 1841, who 
died February 16, 1843; (ieorge L., born June 1.5, 
1842; Charles E., born January 23, 184.5, who died 
Septeniber Ki, 1S71; Matilda, born July \>.0, 184fi; 
Caroline .1., born March 31, 1848; John F., born Au- 
gust 31, 18.50, who died February 4, 1853; Mary II., 
born November lit, 1853; and Frederick M., born 
May 11, 18.58, who died September 14, 1859. 



DANIEL P. RHODES. 

The subject of this memoir was born in Sudbury, 
Rutland county, Vermont, in the year 1814. When 
but five years of age he lost his father, and from that 
time onward was compelled to help earn his own live- 
lihood. Thus, almost at the threshold of life, he had 
to struggle with adverse cii'cumstances, and was com- 
pelled to overcome by his own energy the discouruge- 
ments and difficulties everywhere met with. When 
he was fifteen years of age his mother remarried, and 
he then found a home with his stepfather for sis years. 

At the age of twenty-one young Rhodes determined 
to leave Vermont, and make for himself a home and 
fortune in the distant West. His stepfather was 
strongly attached to him, and, being a man of means, 
offered him a farm if he would remain in Vermont. 
But the young man was firm in his determination, 
and declining the tempting oft'er departed for the 
West. On his subsequently retui-ning to the home 
of his youth, his stepfather offered him half of his 
property if he would remain and occupy it. The 
inducement was very strong, but the young man had 
made an engagement of marriage with a lady in the 
West, and before giving a final answer to the propo- 
sition, he deciiled to revisit his pioneer home and con- 
>Milt her to whom he had plighted his faith. 

He came back West by canal, and on the long, slow 
journey had ample time to consider the subject of his 
future home. The beauty and grandeur of the west- 
ern scenery, the freedom from all the conventionalities 
which prevail in more densely settled .sections, tlie 
stern, rugged virtues of the men whom he found in 
the wilderness, together with the iudeitendent career 
opened to him strongly inijiressed his manly, demo- 
cratic mind, and he resolved to cast his lot in the 
West. Saying nothing of the matter to his affianced, 
he wrote to his parents, making known his resolution 
to decline their kind offer, and future circumstances 
proved the wisdom of his decision. 

For thirty years Mr. Rhodes was a resident of 
Cleveland, and the same restless and indomitable 
energy wiiich prompted him to prefer the untrodden 
jiatlis of the wilderness to the jJeasures of an eastern 



376 



THE CITY OF CLEVELANB. 



home, accompanied liini tliiouirhout that time and 
impressed his name upon many of tlie most important 
enterprises of tlie Forest City. He was one of the 
pioneers in the coal trade of Cleveland, which has 
since grown to such magnificent proportions. 

His first enterprise in that line was at what are 
known as the old Brier Hill mines, in 1845, in com- 
pany with Gov. Tod and Mr. Ford. Their in-oduc- 
tion of coal was about fifty tons per week, and 
this was then deemed a large business. The diffi- 
culties in the way of the introduction of even this, 
the very best of coal, were very great. Wood was 
the universal fuel for domestic use. The only chance 
to sell coal was to the lake steamers, and even 
there the old prejudice against any dcjiarture 
from tiic beaten track had to be overcome. Mr. 
Rhodes, who had charge of the Cleveland end of the 
liusiness, was, however, well fitted to make a fight 
against obstacles, and by his steady perseverence he 
succeeded in introducing coal largely for use on the 
lake boats. He was an untiring worker, ever on the 
watch for his customers from early morn to the close 
of day, devoting his evenings to posting up his books 
and attending to his other office work. The coal 
business of the firm grew rapidly, and the members 
turned theii" attention to other sections of the State, 
opening mines in both Tuscarawas and Wayne coun- 
ties. In Tuscarawas county Mr. Rliodes, in company 
with Gov. Tod, began the development of the black 
band iron ore, the uses of which had not previously 
been aiipreciated, although its existence had been 
known. 

In 18.55 the firm of Tod & Rhodes was dissolved, 
and in 1857 Mr. Rhodes formed a copartnership with 
Mr. I. F. Card. They went to work with great ear- 
nestness developing the black band ore and other min- 
eral resources of Tuscarawas county. At first they 
mined large quantities for sale to the Massillon fur- 
naces, but subsecpiently they made up their minds 
that the proper place to smelt the ore was where it 
was mined, and in 1804 they purchased the old blast 
furnace at Canal Dover, in Tuscarawas county, where 
they have since carried on large maijufactures of pig 
metal. 

In 1860 Mr. Rhodes' attention was attracted to the 
mineral resources of Stark county, and in that year 
he opened the famous Willow Bank mine, which has 
proved to be one of the most extensive and profitable 
coal mines ever opened in Ohio. This was only the 
beginning of his enterprises in this county and valley, 
for he was the princijjal prompter of other efforts of 
a similar character. Under his auspices were opened 
the Rhodes, the Willow Bank number Three, the 
Buckeye, and the Warmington mines. He was like- 
wise largely interested in the Fulton Coal comi)any 
and the Silver C!reek Company, and a zealous pro- 
moter of their interests. So that from his original 
pioduction of fifty tons of coal weekly, he increased 
the amount until, at the time of his death, he had the 
controlling interest or was a large owner in mines 



which were capable of producing two thousand tons 
daily. His peddling steamboat busines.s, too, of 1845 
-50, had increased under the direction of the firm of 
which he was the founder, to a trade of two hundred 
and fifty thousand tons of coal yearly. In 1867 the 
firm of Rhodes & Card was dissolved, Mr. Rhodes 
and Mr. Card retiring, and that of Rhodes & Co. 
was formed, consisting of George H. Warmington, 
Marcus A. Ilanna, (Mr. Rhodes' son-in-law,) and his 
son, Robert R. Rhodes. _ 

In the work of developing the gi-eat railway system 
of northern Ohio Mr. Rhodes had an honorable 
share. He took an active part in the construction of 
the northern division of the Cleveland and Toledo 
railroad, and was a member of the executive com- 
mitte of the comjjany. He also bore a large part in 
causing the construction of the Massillon and Cleve- 
land and the Lake Shore and Tuscrawas Valley rail- 
ways. Mr. Rhodes' residence was on the west side of 
the Cuyahoga, and he did more than any other man 
to build up that portion of Cleveland. One great 
cause of contention between the two sections arose 
from the persistent efforts of the people on the west 
side to obtain improved means of communication 
with the more important region east of the river. In 
all these contests, from the time when a float bridge 
was the only means of passage, to the inception and 
partial completion of the splendid viaduct (for he 
died before it was finished), Mr. Rhodes was one of 
tlie foremost in urging the claims of his section of 
the city. He, iu company with Mr. H. S. Stevens, 
constructed the West Side Street railroad; he was a 
zealous promoter of the building of the West Side 
Gas Works, and was the founder of the People's Sav- 
ings and Loan Association, of which he was the presi- 
dent at the time of his death. He was also one of 
of the builders and a large stockholder in the Rocky 
River railroad, which connected the West Side with 
the favorite resort at Rocky river. He had likewise 
various other interests, such as in Illinois coal land, 
Chicago real estate, and he was large real estate owner 
in his own city. 

In politics he was a strict constructionist Demo- 
crat of the Jeffersonian and Jacksonian school, but 
though very active iu his party he never asked nor 
cared for any office in its gift. He was a cousin of 
Stephen A. Douglas, and from the first entrance of the 
latter into jniblic life until his death Mr. Rhodes was 
his earnest and steady supporter: being a delegate to 
both the Ch;;rlestou and Baltimore Democratic na- 
tional conventions of 1860, at the latter of which Mr. 
Douglas was nominated for the iiresidency. 

Mr. Rhodes died on the 5th day of August, 1875, 
and we close our article with two articles published 
l)y leading journals soon after that event. The first 
says : 

"Among those men, whose efforts form the corner 
stone of Cleveland's prosperity, Mr. Rhodes was in 
tlie front rank; and for this reason his memorv will 
always be honored by our people. But other traits 
will make his memory jierennial. The kindness and 




/// / J I / /P^/^'^ 7- 4 



Riofi RAPirrrAL sketches. 



37 1 



sympathy of liis manner endeared tlie deceased to all 
who came in contact witli him. This manner was for 
tlie poor and lowly, as well as for the wealthy and ex- 
<'liisive. Wealth in his hands was not alone for per- 
sonal gratification, but was freely drawn npon to help 
the needy and unfortunate." 

The second article reads as follows: 

"Mr. Rhodes liad the happy faculty of securing 
the genuine esteem and warm friendsliip of all witli 
whom he came in contact, wliatever their jxisition in 
life, or however widely apart his views and tlieirs 
might be. He was a man of the people, a practical 
disbeliever, in class distinctions and yet having a 
healthy contempt for demagogues of all descriptions. 
His bluff, liciii'ty manner was not assumed, but was a 
genuine characteristic of the man. Tlie wealth that 
came as the result of hard work and good business 
judgment made not the slightest difference in him. 
His was one of those sterling characters that )iros]ier- 
ity could not spoil. Warm-hearted, true-hearted, and 
thoroughly unselfish, his we 1th benefited otliers as 
well as himself, and the prosperity which brought 
ease and comfort to him was begrudged him by none." 



ANSEL R<1BERTS. 

Ansel Roberts, the eldest son of Chauncey and Lydia 
(Albro) Ryjierts, was born in the town of Mendon, 
Ontario county, New York, on the 17th of October, 
1807. 

His fatlier was of Welsh descent, but was a native 
of N'ermont, having emigrated to western New York 
when a young man, where he engaged in farming. 
When about nineteen years of age he married Lydia 
Ali)ro, a native of Newport, Rhode Island, by whom 
lie had ten children. In 1818 he removed, with his 
iiuuily, to Ohio, traveling overland to Buffalo, and 
from there by boat to Ashtabula, where he first set- 
tled. Soon afterward he engaged in the manufacture 
of i)Oots, shoes and harness, employing a number of 
liiinds, ill wliieli business he continued until lS:l^t. 
when he sold oiil. The following year he removed 
to Lower Sandusky, and purchased an interest in the 
stage-line running between Sandusky and Cincinnati, 
of whii'h he liecamc the suiierintendcnt. lie re- 
mained in this employment until his death, which 
occurred in ]s:!8. His wife survived him several 
years, dviug in 1844. He was a prominent pei'son in 
the community where he resided; a man of great lib- 
erality and generous impulses, slow to anger, but im- 
placable when once aroused. 

The subject of this notice had but few educational 
ailvantages, his father being in moderate circum- 
st:inces and obliged to make his way in a new country, 
doling Ansel remained at home until 1820, Avhen he 
went to Monroe county. New York, where he re- 
mained until the fall of that year, lie then returned 
to Ohio, and found employment at first in a ware- 
iiou.se, and afterward as clerk in the stoi'es of H. J. 
Reese and William W. Reed. 

In the si>riiig of 1831 he left Mr. Reed's employ- 



ment and removed to Rochester, New York, where 
he engaged in the dry goods business on his own ac- 
count. This business he carried on for fourteen 
years, meeting with varying snccess. At the end of 
that time, the business not proving satisfactory, he 
disposed of it and went to New York city, where 
he remained one year. Subsequently he sjient some 
time as clerk in a large wool-dealer's establishment in 
Rochester. 

In 184G Mr. Roberts returned to Ohio, coming di- 
rectly to Cleveland, where he engaged in the fleece 
and full-wool business, which he carried on success- 
fully until his retirement in 18G7. 

During his residence in Cleveland Mr. Roberts has 
been prominently identified with the politics of the 
city and county. He is widely known as a staunch 
Republican, having invariably sujijiorted that party. 
In the spring of 18C0 he was elected a member of the 
board of education, and was re-elected the following 
year, serving as secretary of that body and as a mem- 
ber of the committee on buildings and supplies. 

In 1862 he was elected to the city council from 
the second ward for a term of two years, and was aji- 
pointed chairman of the finance committee. He was re- 
elected to the council in 18G4 and again in 18G0; hold- 
ing the same position throughout the three terms. In 
1SG4 he was elected auditor of Cuyahoga county, and 
was re-elected to that office in ISGG, serving with his 
usual vigor and ability. He was assistant assessor of 
internal revenue in 1873 for the eighteenth district of 
Ohio, and was appointed collector of that district by 
President Johnson, which ajipointment was confirmed 
by the Senate in 18G7, but was declined by him. In 
18G8 he was elected sanitary trustee for one year; was 
re-elected in 18G9 for three years, and at the end of 
his term was again re-elected for the same time. For 
seven years he occupied the position of secretary of 
the sanitary board. 

In addition to these civil ofiices Mr. Roberts has 
been for sevenil years a director of the Ohio National 
Bank, and is a trustee of the CMeveland Society for 
Savings and the president of the Cleveland Pa|)er 
Company. 

In his business relations, aii<l throughout his ollicial 
career, Mr. Roiieits has maintained a high reputation 
for intngrity and strictly honorable dealing. During 
the war for the Union he was active in support of 
the national cause and spent a great deal of time in 
]irociii'ing substitutes for those liable to draft. 

He is a member of Trinity church (Episcopal) in 
which he has for twenty years held the office of senior 
warden. He was married on the 20th of October, 
1836, to Miss SiU-ah J. Hatch, daughter of Orriu 
Hatch, of Genesee county. New York. By this union 
he had one child, Sarah Louisa, born July 30, 1836, 
and now the wife of John M. Sterling, Jr. Mrs. Rob- 
erts died ill October, 1863. Jfr. Roberts married his 
second wife. Miss Amanda Bartlett Cowan, in October, 
1867. 



378 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



JOHN P. KOBISON. 

Dr. John P. Robison, one of Cleveland's promi- 
nent citizens, became a resident of Ohio, in 1632 and 
of Cleveland thirty years later. His grandfather, John 
Decker Robison, an American of Scotch descent, was 
a soldier under Braddock in his disastrous campaign 
against Fort Du Quesne, and fought throughout the 
Revolutionary war. His son, Peter Robison, the 
father of the subject of this sketch, was a farmer in 
Western New York, and in Ontario county of that 
State John P. Robison was born, on the 23d day of 
January, 1811. 

Until he reached his sixteenth year he lived upon 
his father's farm, passing his time in active agricul- 
tural labors and at the village school. It being then 
determined to provide him with a good education, he 
was sent to Niffing's high school, at Vienna, New 
York, where he attained high rank as a student, and 
also imbibed a taste for medical science and the medi- 
cal profession. He was received as a private pupil of 
President Woodward, of the Vermont College of Medi- 
cine, from which institution he was graduated in 
1831. 

Eagerly ambitious to enter the bustling scenes of 
practical life, he migrated without delay to Ohio and 
settled as a medical practitioner at Bedford, Cuya- 
hoga county, in February, 1833. He pursued the 
practice of his profession at that place with gratifying 
success for eleven years, but in 1842 he decided to 
engage in the mercantile business at that point. Ac- 
cordingly, in company with Mr. W. B. Hillman, he 
carried on for some time thereafter an extensive busi- 
ness as a storekeeper, miller, provision dealer and land 
speculator; engaging in fact in almost any enterprise 
that promised a liberal return. 

In November, 1832, Dr. Robison married a daugh- 
ter of Hezekiah Dunham, the founder of the village 
of Bedford. Of their children three survive; one 
son being engaged with his father in business, and 
anotiier being upon the eve of entering the legal pro- 
fession. 

During his busy experience at Bedford Dr. Robison 
was not unmindful of the high claims of religion, and 
as early as practicable founded at Bedford a congre- 
gation of Disciples, he being a close friend and as- 
sociate of the leader of that denomination, Alexander 
Campbell. He labored for the upbuilding of that 
cause "without money and without price." Such 
was his energy, zeal and devotion that although at 
the beginning of his ministerial labors his congrega- 
tion numbered less than a dozen persons, yet he left 
it to his successor — at the close of a sixteen years' 
ministry, given without fee or reward of any kind — 
swelled in membership to four hundred and forty. 
As a teacher of the Disciple doctrine he frequently 
journeyed with Alexander Campbell through the 
State, and with that eminent leader lifted up his 
voice before vast assemblages, wliiiu his purse yielded 



freely and often of its wealth to prosper the cause of 
the Church. 

In 1862 he took up his residence in Cleveland, hav- 
ing entered, in 1858, with General 0. M. Oviatt, into 
the business of packing provisions at that city, on 
an extended scale. The firm held a conspicuous 
place as packers, and their " Buckeye " brand was 
known and highly lauded in all the great ])rovisioii 
marts of America and England. After continuing 
until 1867, the partnership between Dr. Robison and 
Gen. Oviatt was dissolved. The former continued 
the business a short time on his own account, aud then 
took as a partner, Archibald Baxter, of New York, 
through whose failure in the latter city, in 1875, Dr. 
Robison suffered very heavy loss. In that year he 
formed anew partnership, with Dr. W. S. Streator and 
S. R. Streator, under the firm name of J. P. Robison & 
Co., which continues to this day as one of the leading 
packing houses in tlie West. Previous to 1875 he had 
engaged largely in packing in Chicago, Illinois, and 
Lafayette, Indiana; returning permanently to Cleve- 
land, however, after a brief absence. 

He has ever been active and generous in the pro- 
motion of ))ublic enterprises, and in schemes for the 
public good his heart and hand have always been 
freely enlisted. His services on behalf of the Union 
cause during the rebellion were of no slight value 
and tliey were exercised moreover with untiring zeal 
and patriotism. He was among the most active 
workers in procuring volunteers for the Fedcial 
army, and in many otlier ways displayed in a f^nl)- 
stantial and emphatic manner his devotion to Jiis 
country. His earliest political faith was that of a 
Clay Whig, and upon the dismemberment of that 
party he joined the ranks of the Democracy, lu 
1861 he was chosen to the State senate by a coalition 
of the War Democrats and Republicans, by the largest 
vote given to any senator from Cuyahoga, and after 
that event he cast his lot with the Republican party, 
to which he still remains a staunch adherent. 

Since his retirement from the senate he has re- 
jected political honors, as being less in keeping witli 
his desires and tastes than the duties pertaining to 
his own large and important business. In the cajia- 
city of director of public and private trusts he has 
always been watcliful and capable in the administra- 
tion of his duties. For twenty years or more he has 
been a trustee of Bethany College in West Vii-ginia, 
and for a long time filled a similar jilace in connec- 
tion with Hiram College in the Western Reserve. 
He is a director of the Second National Bank, of the 
People's Savings and Loan Association, and of the 
Lake View Cemetery; having been one of the earliest 
supporters of the last-named institution and one of 
the fii'st subscribers to its stock. He has been closely 
identified with the Northern Ohio Fair Association 
from its formation and has been the president of that 
widely known and valuable organization for the past 
five years. 





^/^/^/iuy /h4)- 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKKTC^UES. 



379 



WILLIAM G. ROSE. 

Williiim (i. Ivosc was born in Mcircer county, Penn- 
sylvania, on tlie 33rcl day of Soptenil)er, 1839, and 
is the youngest of eleven children, all of whom lived 
to be married and became heads of families. Ilis 
parents were James and Martha (McKenley) Rose, 
the former of English and the latter of Scotch-Irish 
descent. His paternal grandfather, Andrew Rose, 
was for many years manager of an iron furnace in 
Hacks county, Pennsylvania, and removed with his 
family to Mercer county in JT'.IU. His maternal 
grandfather, David McKenley, was a soldier in the 
war of the Revolution. 

His father, who with four brothers served in the 
war of 1813, had ten grandsons who enlisted in the 
Union armies at the commencement of the late rebel- 
lion: all serving three years and all re-enlisting except 
three, one of whom died in a rebel prison. William 
(i. Rose also served as a private iu a three months' 
regiment, in West Virginia. 

The sul)jeet of this sketch labored on a farm in 
snniuier and attended school during the winter 
niiiuths until ho was seventeen years of age, when, in 
order to provide means to obtain a more thorough 
eilucation, he taught iu the public schools part of each 
year and imrsued his studies during the remainder. 
He pursued this course for six years, attending vari- 
ous academies, and at the expiration of that time had 
aciiuired a fair knowledge of Latin, Greek and the 
higher mathematics. At the age of twenty-three he 
commenced the study of law iu the office of the Hon. 
Win. Stewart, of Mercer, Pennsylvania, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar on the 17th day of April, 1855, 
when he immediately entered upon the duties of his 
profession in his native county. 

Soon afterward, however, Mr. Rose became inter- 
ested iu politics, and for a short time was one of the 
editors and i)roj)rietors of a weekly newspaper known 
as the Inih'pendcnl Drniocrut. Although his ante- 
cedents were Democratic, his opposition to the exten- 
sion of slavery in the Territories induced him to join 
the Republican party at its inception. In 1857 he 
was elected to the Pennsylvania legislature, and was 
re-olected in 1858. In 18G0 he was elected a delegate 
to the National Repul)lican Convention at Chicago, 
which nominated Lincoln for the presidency, but 
oil account of illness was unable to attend, his |)lace 
being lilled by an alternate. He was twice jiresented 
by the Republican party of his native county as a 
candidate for Congress; the last time, in 1804, unani- 
niou.sly. His nomination in the district, which was 
composed of four counties, and at tliat time was 
largely Republican, was only prevented becau.se, under 
the system then in vogue, in that portion of Penn- 
sylvania, other counties claimed a ])rior right to tlie 
nominee. 

In 1865 Mr. Rose romoved to Cleveland, where, 
after being admitted to the practice of the law, he 
engaged in the purchase and sale of real estate. He 



continued this pursuit until 1874, when he retired 
from business and made an extensive tour through 
California, and the Western Territories. 

In 1807 Mr. Rose was elected mayor of Cleveland, 
an ofHee which he filled with entire satisfaction to his 
constituents. His administration was characterized 
by a wise and judicious management of muuicijial 
affairs generally, and an active support of all enter- 
prises calculated to develop the prosjierity of the city. 

He was married in 1858 to Martha E. Parmelee, a 
graduate of Oberlin College. Their family consists 
of four children, Alice E., Hudson P., Frederick II. 
and Willie K. 



JAMES IIENKY SALISBLUY. 

The subject of this sketch was born at "Evergreen 
Terrace," in the town of Scott, Cortland county. 
New York, on the 13th day of October, 1833. His 
eai'liest ancestor in this country came to America from 
North Wales, and settled in Rhode Island about the 
year 1040. His great-grandfather was born at War- 
wick, Rhode Island, but early in life removed to 
Cranston, in the same State, where he married a Miss 
Pierce, by whom he had the following children: 
Peleg, (known as the " big man of Warwick "), Mar- 
tin, Job, Mial, Nathan, Rebecca and Phoebe. 

Nathan, the grandfather of the subject of this 
sketch was born December 1, 1751. He was niarried 
on the 16th of July, 1771, to Abigail Stone, (born 
October 16, 1753,) only daughter of Joseph Stone, of 
Cranston, a descendant of Hugh Stone, the "stolen 
boy," and ancestor of the Stone family in America. 
The maiden name of Abigail Stone's mother's was 
Brown. She was a near relative of John Brown, the 
founder of Rhode Island College, afterward Brown 
University. Nathan Salisbury was lieutenant of the 
conijiany under Captain Burgess that fired into the 
British frigate '' Gasper," a short time before the Revo- 
lutionary war. lie resided at Cranston until 1795, 
when he removed to Providence. In Jiarch, 1803, 
he removed to Hartford, Washington county, New 
York, where he remained till 1806, and then went to 
Cazenovia, in Madison county, in the same State. In 
March, 1807, he removed to Homer, now Cortland 
county, and in the fall of the same year settled in Ho- 
mer and purchased a farm lying on the waters of Cold 
brook, where he remained till his death, on the 14th 
of May, 1817. His children wore Waity, Sally, Jolin, 
Joseph Martin (who followed the sea, and died on a 
voyage returning from China), Anna, Mary, Lucinda, 
Ambro.se, Cynthia, Nathan and Pluebe. 

Nathan, the father of James II. Salisbury, \nw- 
chased, in 1815, a farm on lot ninety-five, in the town 
of Scott, which is the site of " p]vergreen Terrace," 
the Salisbury homestead. On the 31st of January, 
1818, he was married to Lucretia A. Babcock, (born 
September 3(), 1793), daughter of James and Mary 
Gibbs Babcock, who moved from Blandford, Massa- 
chusetts, to Scott, New York, in 1815. Nathan 



380 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



Salisbury and wife have resided at "Evergreen Ter- 
race"' sixty-one years, and bave reared the following 
children: Amanda A., Cliarles B., James H., Milton 
L., Burdette J., Charlotte A., William W. and 
Nathan, Jr. 

James H., the subject of this sketch, received his 
early education at Homer Academy, then presided 
over by Prof. Samuel Wool worth, now secretary of the 
board of regents of the University of the State of 
New York. He received the degree of Bachelor of 
Natural Sciences (B .N. S.) at the Polytechnic Insti- 
tute at Troy, New York, in 1844, previous to which 
he had been appointed assistant under Prof. Ebenezer 
Emmons, in the chemical department of the Geolog- 
ical Survey of the State of New York, which place he 
tilled till January 1, 1849, when he was made princi- 
pal of the same department. He remained principal, 
with his brother, Charles B., as assistant, until 1853. 

Dr. Salisbury received the degree of Doctor of 
Medicine from the Albany Medical College in Janu- 
ary, 1850, and that of Master of Arts from Union 
College, Schenectady, in August, 1853. He was 
elected a member of the American Association for 
the Advancement of Science in 1848, and the same 
year was also made a member of the Albany Institute. 
In 1853 he was elected corres]ionding member of the 
Natural History Society of Montreal. In 1879 he 
was elected a member of the Philosophical Society of 
Great Britain. In 1857 he was elected a member of 
the American Anti([uarian Society, and in 1876, was 
made vice president of the Western Reserve Histor- 
ical Society, which office he still holds. 

In 1848 Dr. Salisbury received a gold medal from 
the Young Men's Association of Albany, New York, 
for the best essay on the "Anatomy and History of 
Plants." In 1849 he won the prize of three hundred 
dollars, offered by the State Agricultuj-al Soc ety of 
New York for the best essay on the "chemical and 
physiological examinations of the maize plant during 
its various stages of growth." Tliis made a work of 
over two hundred jtages, and was published in the 
New York State Agricultural Keports for 1849, and 
subsequently copied entire in the State Agricultural 
Reports of Ohio. In 1851-53 he gave two courses of 
lectures on elementary and applied chemistry, in the 
New Y'^ork State Normal School. He also conducted 
a series of interesting experiments, on different sub- 
jects, which were embodied in a joaper read before the 
American Association for the Advancement of 
Science, in 1851, and were published in their transac- 
tions, and also in the New York Journal of Medicine 
of a later date. 

The following list of his published works and pa- 
pers will serve to give some idea of the extent and 
variety of his labors: 

Analysis of Fruits, Vegetables and Grain; Chemi- 
cal Investigations of the Maize Plant (prize essay, 30G 
l)ages); Chemical Analysis of Five Varieties of the 
Cabbage; Chemical examination of the various parts 
of tiie Plant Rheum Rhajionticuin; Chemical Exam- 



ination of Rumex Crispus; Experiments and Observa- 
tion on the Influence of Poisons and Medicinal Agents 
upon Plants; Chemical Examination of the Fruit of 
Five Varieties of Apples; Chemical Investigations con- 
nected with the Tomato, the Fruit of the Egg Plant, 
and Pods of the Okra; History, Culture and Compo- 
sition of Apium Graveolens and Cichorium Intibus; 
Facts and Remarks on the Indigestibility of Food; 
Composition of Grains, Vegetables and Fruits; Mi- 
croscopic Researches in the Cause of the so-called 
"Blight" in Apple, Pear and Quince Trees, etc.; 
Chronic Diarrhosa and its Complications; Something 
about Cryptogams, Fermentation and Disease; Proli- 
able Source of the Steatorzoon FoUiculorum; Investi- 
gations, Chemical and Microscopical, on the Si)leeii 
and Mesenteric and Lymphatic Glands; Defective 
Alimentation a Primary Cause of Disease; On the 
Cause of Intermittent and Remittent Fevers; Exper- 
iments on Poisoning with the Vegi^table Alkaloids; 
Discovery of Cholesteriue and Seroline as Secretions of 
Various Glands; Remark^' on Fungi; On Inoculating 
the Human System with Straw Fungi; Parasitic 
Forms Developed in the Parent Epithelial Cells, etc.; 
Remarks on the Structure, Functions and Classifica- 
tion of the Parent Gland Cells, etc. ; Microscopic Re- 
searches relating to the Histology and Minute Anato- 
my of the Spleen, etc. ; Description of two new Algoid 
Vegetations; Geological Report of the Mill Creek 
Canal Coal Field; Analysis, Organic and Inorgaiuc, 
of tlie Cucumber; Experiments on the Capillary At- 
tractions of the Soil; A New Carbonic Acid Aiipara- 
tus; Analysis of Dead Sea Water; Two Interesting 
Parasitic Diseases; Pus and Infection; Microscopic 
Examinations of Blood, etc. ; Vegetations fouud in the 
Blood of Patients suffering from Erysipelas; Infusor- 
ial Catarrh and Asthma; Analysis, Organic and In- 
organic, of the White Sugar Beet; Analysis, Organic 
and Inorganic, of the Parsnip; Ancient Rock and 
Earth Writing and Inscriptions of the Mound-build- 
ers; Influence of the Position of the Body ujion the 
Heart's Action; Material Application of Chemistry to 
Agriculture; Analysis, Organic and Inorganic, of the 
Several Kinds of Grains and Vegetables. Besides the 
foregoing, Dr. Salisbury is the author of nearly tiiirty 
unpublished works and papers of decided value, on 
similar subjects. 

While in charge of the State laboratory of New York 
fi-oin 1849 to 1853, he was constantly engaged in chem- 
ical and medical investigations; the results of many 
of them being published in the Transactions of the 
American Association for the Advancement of Science, 
in State geological and agricultural reports, and in the 
various scientific and medical journals of that period. 

In 1849 he began the studies in microscopic medi- 
cine in which he has been so successful. He has per- 
severed in these studies, with scarcely any intermis- 
sion, ever since, devoting much of his time daily to 
microscopic investigations. In 1858 he began the 
study of alimentation, which he mastered in all its 
phases, and his subse(|uent investigations in regard to 



J 





'd'P^c:c^^nJ 



BIOGRAl'IIICAL SKETCHES. 



381 



clironic diseases, diphtheria, intermittent and remit- 
tent fevers, measles and many other diseases, have 
liuen extensively published in foreign and domestic 
medical journals. 

Tlie extended labors of himself and brother, ('. B. 
Sali.sbury, on tlie ancient eartli and rock-writing; of 
this country, in connection witli the eartli and rock- 
works of the ancient Mound-builders, liave been em- 
Ixidied in a large quarto volume with thirty-nine 
plates, wliicli is in the hands of the American Anti- 
i|iiarian Society, and is only partially published. The 
great labors of his life, comprising, as lie claims, an 
exjilanation of the causes and successful treatment of 
neai'ly every chronic disease that is supj)o.sed to be in- 
curable, are yet unpublished. 

In January, 18G-t, Dr. .Salisbury came to C'lcveland 
to assist in starting the Charity Uospital College. 
He gave to this institution two courses of lectures, in 
18()4:-."> and lS(l.">-Ci, on Physiology, Histology and 
Microscopic Anatomy. From .January, 18G4, to the 
jiresent time he has been busily engaged in treating 
chronic diseases, especially those which have hitherto 
been considered fatal, and his success in this field is 
widely known. In the early part of 1878 he was 
chosen president of the "Institute of Micrology," a 
]iositiou he continues to hold. 



JOHN C. SANDERS. 

hoclor Moses Sanders, the father of the subject of 
this sketch, was a native of Milford, ilassachusetts, 
having been born there on the 'i7th of May, 1789. 
lie received a good English education and some 
knowledge of the Greek and Latin languages. At 
an early period he removed with his father's family (o 
Saratoga connty. New York, where he studied medi- 
cine, attending medical lectures in New York C!ity. 
He began the practice of his profession in Manchester, 
near Canandaigua. He soon afterward married Miss 
Harriet M. Thompson, of Cherry Valley, by whom 
he had five children — Olive, Isabella, William D., 
.lohn C. and Khoda, the last of whom died in infancy. 
Ill 1818 he removed to Peru, Huron county, Ohio, 
where, with the exception of three years s|)cnt mJNor- 
walk, he jiassed the remainder of his life. Mrs. 
Sanders died on the aoth of October, 1829, and he 
married, for his second wife, Mrs. Pearly Douglas, of 
Elyria, Ohio. By this, union he had one child, 
Elizabeth Cliapin, born April 15, 1832. 

Doctor Jloses Sanders was one of the pioneer 
physicians of Ohio, and for a period of nearly forty 
years devoted himself to the duties of his profession, 
which was reliiupiished only when illness jirevented 
its longer continuance. 

He died on the IStli of Jlay, 1856, and consei|uently 
lacked only nine days of being sixty-seven years of 
age. The following extracts are taken from an address 
delivered at his funeral by the Rev. A. Newton: 

"In looking at the traits of Dr. Sanders' mind, I 
regard as among the most prominent, its energy and 



force. He never seemed to think feebly. His mind 
seized every subject within its range, with a firm 
grasp. * * * 1''liig niental force, combined with 
an ardent physical temperament, imparted great 
energy to all his movements. He had great executive 
]iower. Whatever he took hold of, he would accom- 
jilish in a short time. Whatever he had in hand, \w 
did with his might. 

"An open frankness was characteristic of Doctor 
Sanders. He carried his lu';irt in his hand. He 
knew no concealment. * * * jjg ^^as a man of 
warm social feelings. As a husband and a father, no 
man could be more beloved. '1 he strong social 
principles of his nature found their finest develo]ie- 
inent in the family circle of which he wasthc honored 
head. * * * Jig was also lihernl and jiublic- 
spirited. He had a ready .sympathy with those objects 
and plans which look to tlie benefit of others. * * 
He saw the value of religious institutions before he 
felt a personal interest in religion itself, and was 
therefore a liberal siii)porter of the (lospel from his 
first entrance upon professional life. * * * 

"But the most marked ehaiacleiistic of Doctor 
Sanders was his professional enthusiasm, llisstrong 
natural powers were entirely. I may say iii/enxe/i/, 
devoted to his chosen work. His {iiofcssion was not 
a stejJiiing-stonc to wealth and fame, but it was an 
end in itself. * * * * (ienerons and ))ublic- 
spirited — attached to his friends — devoted to his pa- 
tients — untiring in his eilorts to alleviate luiman 
suffering in all its forms, and in every grade and con- 
dition of life — a true philanthrojiist, he will long be 
remembered by the peo])le of this county. An 
ornament to his profession, he has left an e\am])le to 
its members which few, indeed, will l)e so fortunate 
as to excel." 

John C. S;inders was born in Peru, Huron county, 
Ohio, on the 2(1 day of July, 1S25. He received his 
education (subse(pient to that of the common schools) 
at Lima Academy, after which he began the study of 
medicine with his father, remaining in his office five 
years. He was then graduated from the medical de- 
partment of the Western Peserve College, which at 
that time owned a distinguished faculty, consisting 
of Professors Kirtland, Delamater, Ackley, J. Lang 
Cassells and St. Johns. After his graduation youn<>- 
Sanders entered into partnership with his father, in 
the practice of his profession at Peru. 

The young doctor continued in this relation for 
eighteen months, when, becoming convinced of the 
need of a broader general cultuie, he broke away from 
the ties of social and jirofessional life, and began 
assiduously to prepare for a literary college course. 
At the end of one year he entered tlie AVestern IJe.serve 
College, where he remained two years, after which he 
became a member of the junior class at Yale College, 
and was graduated from that institution in the class of 
1854. Immediately after his graduation he returned 
to Ohio, and established a jjartnership with Dr. A. N. 
Head for the practice of medicine and surgery, at 
Norwalk. 

Soon after the death of his father, in 185G, Dr. 
Sanders removed to Cleveland, and opened an office 
there. Becoming gradually impressed with the suc- 
cess of the homoeopathic system, he decided, with his 



382 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



usual promptitude, to give it a special and thorough 
study. The line of his investigations was not in the 
direction of its literature, with which he was familiar, 
but of the clinical experience of the representative 
practitioners of that school in the city of Cleveland. 
He first entered tlie office of Dr. Turrill, and subse- 
quently that of Dr. Wheeler, remaining a year in each, 
engaged exclusively in the study of their clinical ex- 
periences. He became convinced of the superiority 
of the system in question, and decided to adopt and 
follow it. The success tliat has since attended his 
labors proves, as he claims, the wisdom of his choice. 

He opened an office on the Public Square, and soon 
took his place among the leading practitioners of the 
city. Within a year afterward he received the ap- 
pointment of professor of obstetrics and diseases of 
women and children in tlie Cleveland Homoeopathic 
College, wliicli positiou he occupied exclusively, with 
the exception of one session, for a period of twenty 
years. For the past five years the chair has been di- 
vided, but lie still presides over the department of 
obstetrics. For three sessions he lectured on the 
theory and practice of medicine, and during one ses- 
sion oil physiology. As a lecturer he is tineiit, logical 
and eminently clinical, with a fine command of lan- 
guage and a complete mastery of his sul)ject. 

Aside from his collegiate duties he has enjoyed a 
large general practice, and ranks among the most suc- 
cessful physicians of Cleveland. For nine years he 
has been treasurer of the HonKeopathic Medical Soci- 
ety of Ohio, of wliich lie has long been an active and 
valued member. He has also been a frequent contrib- 
utor to its literature. For many years he has been a 
member of the American Listitnte of Homoeopathy, 
liolding the chairmanship of its bureau of obstetrics 
for a series of years, and having also been its vice 
jiresident. 

The same energy and ability wliich characterized 
his youtlihave beeu conspiciions in all his subsequent 
life, and in the professor's chair as well as in the ex- 
tensive practice of a prominent physician, he has ever 
discharged his duties in such a manner as to gain the 
approbafiou of the public. He is an enthusiastic 
supporter of the public school system, takes a deep 
interest in promoting all educational interests, and has 
been instrumental in the advancement of the stand- 
ards of professional scholarship in the medical schools. 
He is now pi-esident of the Homeopathic Inter-Col- 
legiate Congress. 

Though taking no active p-.irt in political matters, 
he acts with the Republican party, and is firm in his 
convictions and decided in his expressions of opinion. 

He was married October 2.5, 18.54, to Albina G. 
Smith, of Cleveland, by whom he has five children — 
JohuK., Albina G., Ezra C, Gertrude G. and Frank 
B. Sanders. 



WILLIAM JOHNSON SCOTT. 

William Johnson Scott, physician and surgeon, was 
born in Culpepjier county, Virginia, on the 25th day 
of January, 1832. His father came to Ohio in 1830, 
settling in Knox county, where he resided until his 
death. Young Scott worked on his father's farm 
until twenty-one j-ears of age, with occasional inter- 
vals of attendance at a common school. He then, 
entirely on his own responsibility, entered the pre- 
paratory department of Kenyon College, and went 
regularly through the Gollege course; being graduated 
in 1848. After his graduation he was appointed 
tutor, which position he held for two years. He 
directed his special attention, as he had previously 
done, to those branches of science which would aid' 
him in preparing for the medical profession. The 
studies in question were directed by Homer L. Thrall, 
M.D., who was professor of chemistry in the college 
at the time. 

In the winter of 1840-50 Mr. Scott attended a 
course of lectures at Cleveland Medical College. 
He returned to Gambler in the spring, taking charge 
of the laboratory of the college, and practicing medi- 
cine with Dr. Thrall until the fall of 1852. Having 
then been elected jirofessor of chemistry in Jefferson 
College, at Washington, Mississippi, he removed to 
that place, holding the jiosition in question two years. 
He then returned to Ohio, and attended a course of 
lectures at Starling Medical College, Columbus; being 
graduated from that institution in 1853, with the 
degree of M.D. He had previously received the de- 
gree of A.M. from Kenyon College. 

Dr. Scott then ojiened an office in Slnick'villo, 
Franklin county, Ohio, where he practiced until 1804, 
when he accepted the professorship of materia medica 
and therapeutics in Charity Hospital Medical College, 
at Cleveland, Ohio. He held this position two years, 
when he was transferred to the chair of principles 
and practice of medicine, in which he still remains. 

He has been consulting physician in Charity Hos- 
pital and clinical lecturer on medicine ever since he 
came to Cleveland. His college and hospital duties, 
however, only occupy a portion of his time, the remain- 
der being devoted to his private practice. 

After a time Charity Hospital Medical College be- 
came the medical department of the University of 
Wooster, but Dr. Scott holds the same relations to 
this institution as to the former one. He is a mem- 
ber of the Ohio State Medical Society, of the Ameri- 
can Medical Association, of the American Pharma- 
ceutical Society, the Franklin county Medical Society, 
and the Cuyahoga County Medical Society. He has 
also been the president of the Cleveland Academy of 
Medicine, of the Cuyahoga County Medical Societyj 
and of the Ohio State Medical Society. 




■u ■' 



C(_ -/ t r-M. -i 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



383 



Dr. Scott was married to Miss Mary F. Stone, of 
St. Johnsbury, Vermont, in the year 1854. He is a 
moinboi- of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, in Cleveland, 
and maintains a high standing as a faithful Christian, 
a skillful physician, and an upright citizen. 



ELIAS SIMS. 

Captain Elias Sims, son of John and Eliza Sims, 
was horn in Onondaga county, New York, on the 4th 
day of August, 1818. The membeis, on both sides, 
of the family to which he belongs are remarkable for 
their longevity. His father, a successful and enter- 
prising farmer, was a native of Pennsylvania; his 
mother was born in New York. His boyhood was 
spent on his father's farm, and his educational advan- 
tages were very limited. Being the sixth of a family 
of twelve children, he early realized that it would be 
necessary for him to make his own way in the world. 
Possessing considerable ambition and enterprise, lie 
li'ft the paternal home at the age of fifteen, deter- 
mined to carve out his own fortune. 

He first secured employment as a driver on the 
Krio canal, and continued in that occupation three 
years. Tic then commenced contracting on the canal, 
making drains, etc., and at the end of the first year, 
Idund that he had realized a snug sum of money, 
lie then took another contract and lost everything he 
had accumulated. Undiscouraged by this revei'se of 
fortune, he at once resumed work as an employee, 
an<l at the end of another year again commenced Job- 
bing and contracting, a business which he has con- 
linued with varying success until the present time. 

In 185.') Captain Sims came to Cleveland to dredge 
the bed of the Cuyahoga river, but in 1800 he removed 
witii his family to Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he 
rt'uiaiiicd three years, returning to Cleveland in 1863. 
lie then settled on Washington street, on the West 
Side, where he still resides. 

Fn connection with John H. Sargcant, I). I*. Hiiodes 
and .lohn Spalding, Captain Sims, in 1808, built the 
lioeky River railroad, of which he is now president, 
liiis (1879) being the fifth year he has occupied that 
position. He has also i)een, since 1875, president of 
the West Side street railway company, and in con- 
nection with Mr. Rhodes organized the West Side 
(las Company, in which he is a director. He assisted 
in organizing the People's Savings and Loan Associa- 
tion, in which he is also a director; besides hold- 
ing the same office in the Citizen's Loan Association 
on the^East Side. Since his residence in Cleveland lie 
lias, to some extent, engaged in lake traffic; is a large 
real estate owner and is also interested in the Cuya- 
hoga Stone company of Berea. 

Captain Sims has never sought public ofiice, but is 
an earnest supporter of the Rejuiblican party and is 
lilieral and progressive in his views. 

He him been the architect of his own fortunes, hav- 
ing been compelled to depend upon his own energies 
anil to push his way unaided. His success is due to 



his untiring industry and his sound judgment. He 
is no niggard with the wealth he has accpiired, but is 
a constant and liberal contributor to many public and 
charitable enterprises. Although not a member of 
any church organization he is an attendant — and for 
three years has been a vestryman — of St. John's Epis- 
copal Church. By his uprightness of character, gen- 
erosity, and general good qualities he has won the es- 
teem of a large circle of friends and acquaintances. 
In 1838 Mr. Sims married Cornelia Vosburgh, 
daughter of James Vosburgh, of Onondaga county. 
New York, by whom he had four children. Only 
three of these are living (one having died in infancy). 
They are Eliza, wife of William W. Sloan, of Buffalo, 
New York; Sarah J., wife of Charles Everett, of 
Cleveland; and Olivia, wife of W. J. Starkweather. 
Mrs. Sims died on the 27th day of November, 1S70. 



ABRAHAM D. SLA(!IIT. / 

Abraham D. Slaght was born in Morristown, New 
.lersey, on the 5th day of May, 1780, and died at 
Brooklyn, Ohio, on the 21st day of September, 1873, 
having reached the advanced age of eighty-seven 
years. The name of Mr. Slaght is well known among 
the older residents of Cleveland, he having removed 
to Ohio in the spring of 1817, coming from New 
Jersey with his family in company with several other 
emigrant households. The journey was made in 
heavily laden Wiigons, drawn iiy ox-teams, and was 
necessarily slow and wearisome. At Buffalo the wo- 
men and children were left, and came from that jdace 
by the way of the lake, while the men [luslied for- 
ward through the forest with the wagons. 

Mr. Slaght first settled on what is now known as 
Euclid Ridge, and, until a house could be erected, 
his covered wagon was the only shelter to be obtained 
for his wife and three children. As soon as their 
rude dwelling was finished, he commenced working 
at his trade, which was that of a shoeimiker, and also 
engaged in farming to some extent. 

In 1832 he jiurcliased a tract of hmd on what is 
now St. Clair street, near Madison avenue, and re- 
moved thither the same year. He then gave up bis 
trade, and devoted his energies to cutting down and 
clearing off the timber with which his land was 
covered, and to the cultivation of the soil. He re- 
mained on this place until ISOO, when, his property 
having greatly increased in value, he retired, and for 
the remainder of his life resided with iiis daughter. 
Mrs. Eraucis Branch, to whom tiiis notice and the 
aeconiiianying ])ortrait are due. 

In manner and dress Mr. Slaght was idain and un- 
ostentatious, and never, in any way, sought public 
notice. In politics he was first a Wiiigand afterward 
a Republican, and though never taking a prominent 
part in political movements, he did not neglect the 
duties of a good citizen, and served with ability in 
various local offices of trust. He was. in fact, a good 
citizen, a good neighbor, and a kind and indulgent 



384 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



fathei". He was married on tlie 21st of February, 
1811, to Tapheiiis Dickersoii, by whom he had ten 
children — six daughters and four sons, viz: Edgar, 
born February 29, 1812; Louisa, born October 16, 
1813; Adeline, born July 20, 1815; Joseph, born 
January 22, 1818; Sarah, born November 24, 1819; 
Cornelius, born October 4, 1821; Mortimer, born 
October 22, 1824; Elizabeth, born October 18, 182G; 
Martha, born April 2, 1831, and Julia D., born Octo- 
ber 20, 1834; Mrs. Slaght died October 4, 1851. 



AMASA STONE, 

Amasa 8tone, a prominent railroad manager and 
builder, was born in Charlton, Worcester county, 
Massachusetts, April 27, 1818. The founders of the 
family in America, mentioned in the succeeding 
sketch, were members of a Puritan colony which 
landed at Boston in 1G35. 

Mr. Amasa^Stone's father was a farmer, and the foi'- 
mer remained at home, laboring on thefarm and attend- 
ing the district school, until he was seventeen years 
old, when he engaged to work throe years to learn the 
trade of a builder. The first labor he did on his own 
account was to fill a contract for the joiner work of a 
large house in Worcester, at the age of nineteen. At 
twenty he associated himself with his two' elder 
brothers, in a contract to build a cliureh-edifice at East 
Rrookfield. The next year he acted as foreman in the 
erection of two chui-ch edifices and several buildings, 
in Massachusetts. 

In 1839 and '40 he was engaged with Mr. Howe in 
building the bridge across the Connecticut river at 
Springfield, Massachusetts, for the Wes.tern railroad 
company. Mr. Howe had just secured his patent for 
what is known as the "Howe Truss Bridge." From 
the time of building this bridge, and for several years, 
Mr. Stone was constantly employed in building' rail- 
way bridges and depot buildings. In 1843, he and 
Mr. A. Boody j>urchased from Mr. Howe his bijdge 
patent for the New England States, and a company, 
under the name of Boody, Stone & Co., was formed 
for the construction of railways and railway bridges, 
the mechanical branch of the work to be under the 
care of Mr. Stone. In 1845 he was appointed super- 
intendent of the New Haven, Hartford and Spring- 
field railroad, still continuing his relations with the 
firm, but the business of the latter became so heavy that 
he was obliged to resign the position of superin- 
tendent. 

Messrs. Boody & Stone had agreed to pay forty 
thousand dollars for the patent of the Howe truss 
bridge. A few years afterward defects were found in 
bridges erected on this plan; other plans competed 
for the superiority, and it was feared that the purchase 
was a very poor investment. Mr. Stone's inventive 
genius was such that he was able to improve the 
patent in several important particulars, so that it was 
not found necessary to change it afterward. 

In 1840 the bridge over the Connecticut river at 



Enfield Falls, one fourth of a mile long, was carried 
away by a hurricane. Mr. Stone was applied to by 
the president of the New Haven, Hartford and Spring- 
field railroad for advice in regard to its reconstruc- 
tion. This meeting and the subsequent action of the 
directors resulted in making Mr. Stone sole manager 
of the work of erecting another bridge. It was com- 
pleted, and a train of cars passed over it, within forty 
days from the day the order was given for its erection. 
He regarded this as one of the most important events 
of his life, and he was rewarded by conijjlimentary 
resolutions and a check for one thousand dollars, 
given by the company. 

The next winter the firm of Boody, Stone & Co. 
was dissolved, Mr. Stone taking, of the States covered 
by the patent, Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Con- 
necticut. He then formed a partnership with Mr. 
D. L. Harris, which continued until 1849. In 1848 he 
formed another partnership, with Mr. Stillman Witt 
and Mr. Frederick Harbach, and this firm contracted 
with the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati rail- 
road company to construct the road from Cleveland 
to Columbus. This was thought by many to be a 
doubtful undertaking, as a part of the payment for 
the work was to be taken in the capital stock of the 
company. It was finished, however, and the stock 
in'oved to be a very profitable investment. 

In 1850 Mr. Stone was appointed its sujierin- 
tendent, and in the same year he removed to Cleve- 
land. Another most important enterprise with which 
he was connected was the construction of the railroad 
from Cleveland to Erie. This was comi)leted in the 
face of numberless difficulties, and Mr. Stone was 
appointed its superintendent. In 1852, while still 
acting as superintendent of both the roads named, 
Mr. Stone was elected a director in each of the com- 
panies, and he attended to the duties of these various 
positions with great ability until 1854, when he re- 
signed the superintendency on account of ill health. 
He was .also, for several years, president of the Cleve- 
land, Painesville and Ashtabula railroad. In 1855 
Messrs. Stone and Witt contracted to build the Chi- 
cago and Milwaukee railroad, and the former was for 
numy years a director in that company. 

He was also a director in several banks — the Mei-- 
chants' of Cleveland, the Bank of Commerce, the 
Second National Bank, the Commercial National 
Bank, and the Cleveland Banking Company. For sev- 
eral years he was the president of the Toledo branch 
of the State Bank of Ohio, at Toledo, a director 
of the Jamestown and Franklin Railroad Comi)any, 
and the president of the Mercer Iron and Coal Com- 
pany, lie also aided in establishing several manu- 
factories, carried on extensive ear works, and gave 
financial aid to several iron-manufacturing interests. 
In 1861 he erected a large woolen-mill in Cleveland. 
He also gave special attention to the construction of 
roofs of buildings, covering many acres of ground; 
the last designed by him being that of the Union 
passenger depot at Cleveland. He was also said to 



^ 





BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



385 



be the first to design and erect pivot drawbridges of 
long spjin, and in the construction of railroad cars 
and locomotives he introduced numerous imj)rove- 
meuts. 

Mr. Stone took a prominent part in the recruiting 
and supply of troop.s during the war for the Union, 
and was offered by President Lincoln a commission 
as brigadier-general for tiie purpose of buildiiig a 
military railroad through Kentucky to Knoxville, 
'IV-iinessee, a project which was afterwards relin- 
i|uislied by the government, lie went abroad in 1868 
for the benefit of his health, and spent two years in 
travel and observation. On his return, in 1873, he 
resumed charge of the Lake Shore and Michigan 
Southern railroad as managing director, which posi- 
tion he resigned in 1875; afterward devoting his 
time to the care of his own estate. He gave, at this 
and other periods, a great deal of attention to works 
of public charity, and in 1877 he built and endowed 
a home for aged and indigent women at Cleveland. 

Mr. Stone was married on the 12th day of .January, 
1842, to Miss Julia Ann Gleason of Warren, Massa- 
chusetts. His children have been three in number: 
a son, Adelbert B. Stone, a young gentleman of 
remarkable promise, who was drowned in the Con- 
necticut river while a student at Yale College; and 
two daughters, the elder of whom was married in 
1874 to John Hay, Esq. 



ANDROS B. STONE. 

This gentleman was l)orn in Charlton, Worcester 
CDunty, Massachusetts, on the 18th day of June, 
1824. He is a descendant, in the seventh generation 
(in this country), from an English family. In the 
year 1G3.") two brothers named Simon and Gregory 
Stone sailed from Ipswich, England, for Boston, in the 
ship " Increase." They settled in Cambridge, Mass- 
iichusetts — were yeomen and land owners; Mr. Simon 
Stone being one of the owners of the old Cambridge 
burying ground, where his remains have lain for 
nearly two hundred and fifty years. Mr. Stone's 
ancestors were nearly all noted Puritans — prominent 
in the church and in public affairs. His great grand- 
lather, Jonathan Stone, removed to Worcester county, 
where his son Jonathan and his grandson Anuisa, 
the father of the subjcctof this sketch, pernumently 
settled. 

Mr. Andros B. Stone was the youngest of ten 
chililri^u. and remained upon the liome farm until he 
wa.5 fifteen years of age, receiving such education as 
the common schools and aca<lemies in that part of the 
country afforded. On leaving home at the early age 
just named, Mr. Stone was ac'uated by one strong de- 
sire, that of nuisteriug a trade, lie chose that of a 
eiirpenter. placing himself under the tutelage of an 
eldei' brother. Mr. William Howe, a brother-in-law, 
having al)out this time taken out a valuable patent for 
abridge called the " Howe Truss," an advantageous 



opening was thereby presented to the large family of 
brothers, and A. B. Stone was made a superintendent 
of the construction of bridges when he was but 
eighteen years old. As soon as he attained his ma- 
jority he began building bridges in the State of 
Maine, in company with an elder brother, and after- 
ward became associated with Mr. Azariah Boody in 
the construction of bridges in Vermont. 

In 1852 Mr. Stone removed to Chicago, and he and 
a brother-m-law established themselves as builders of 
"Ilowe" bridges in Illinois, Wisconsin, Missouri and 
Iowa. The rapid increase of railroads in the western 
country at this time gave the young men an oppor- 
tunity for enterprise which they amply utilized, as 
the bridges on the Illinois Central, the Chicago, Hock 
Island and Pacific, the Chicago and Northwestern 
railroads and others fully testify. In addition to this 
large business, Mr. Stone was also engaged in manu- 
facturing cars of all kinds, which for five years was a 
successful business. 

After six years of busy life in Chicago, Mr. Stone 
turned his attention to the great iron industry, and 
in 1858 identified himself with a small establishment 
at Newljurg, near Cleveland, owned by Chisholm cS: 
Jones. At this time the firm had one small mill for 
re-rolling old rails, and employed about forty men. 
The business grew from year to year, and in 1803 the 
ownership was vested in a stock company, under the 
name of the Cleveland Rolling Mill Company, with 
Mr. Stone as president, which position he retained 
for fifteen years. The business has steadily increased 
until the establishment has became the largest one on 
the American continent devoted to the iron and steel 
industry; giving employment to nearly five thousand 
men, who, with their families, constitute one-sixth of 
the population of Cleveland. The yearly value of 
the products of the mill amounts to nearly eight 
million dollars. 

iJuring the unparalleled depression in the iron in-, 
dustry extending over the five years previous to the 
present one, Mr. Stone proved himself a financier of 
no common ability by taking this comi)any through 
the crisis without difficulty, and without loss to either 
stockholders or emplo)ees. In 1878 Mr. Stone re- 
signed his position as president of the company for 
that of vice president, which he still occupies. 

Among other [)rominent positions which Mr. Stone 
holds, are those of president of the Union Rolling 
Mill Comiiiinyof Chicago — an important corporation, 
devoted to the manufacture of steel rails; jn-esident 
of the Kansas Rolling Mill Company, which manu- 
factures iron rails and fastenings; ])resident of the 
St. Louis, Keokuk and Northwestern railway com- 
pany, and president of the Poughkeopsie Bridge Com- 
pany, chartered by the State of New York for the 
purpose of bridging the Hudson river at Pough- 
keepsie. He is also engaged in many smaller enter- 
prises, as would naturally be expected in the case of 
a man of his business capacity and versatility. 

Mr. Stone was married early in life to a daughter 



386 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



of Rev. Mr. Boomer, by whom he has two daughters. 
He is, at present, living in New York City. 

It has been truly said that throughout his career Mr. 
Stone has shown two marked cliaracteristics which usu- 
ally lead to success: a clear and thorough understand- 
ing of whatever he has undertaken, and unvarying 
respect for the rights and opinions of others. Thus 
we see what ability and energy can do in a country 
so rich in opportunity as ours. A boy of fifteen 
starts out from an obscure home, without other 
capital than his own powerfill brain and strong 
will — at fifty-five he stands among the very foremost 
chiefs of American manufacturing industry, with 
the proud satisfaction of feeling that it is his own 
hands which liave placed liim in tliat position. 



WORTHY S. STREATOR. 

The Hon. Worthy S. Streator was born in Hamil- 
ton, Madison county. New York, October 16, 1816. 
He received an education at an academy and after- 
wards entered a medical college, where he graduated 
after a four years course. He removed to Aurora, 
Ohio, and commenced the practice of medicine in 
1839. After five years of general practice he removed 
to Louisville, Kentucky, spending a year in the Col- 
lege and Hospital in that city, under the tutelage of 
the celebrated Dr. Groes, now of Philadelphia. He 
then resumed the pi'actice of his profession at Ravenna, 
Portage county, Ohio. 

lu 18.50 Dr. Streator removed to Cleveland, when, 
after devoting two more years to his profession, he 
turned his attention to railroad building. His first 
undertaking in this direction was the construction of 
the Greenville and Medina road, in partnership with 
Henry Doolittle: and on the completion of this line 
they contracted to build that part of the Atlantic and 
Great Western railroad wliichruns through the State 
of Ohio — its length being two hundred and forty-four 
miles. In 1860 tliey contracted for the construction 
of the Pennsylvania division, ninetj'-one miles in 
length, and still later for that of the New York por- 
tion. Mr. Doolittle dying, Dr. Streator disposed of 
the contracts to James SIcIIenry, Esq., of London, 
England, and acted for him in the capacity of super- 
intendent of construction. 

In 1862 Dr. Streator projected the Oil City railroad 
from Corry to Petroleum Center, Pennsylvania, the 
central point of the oil regions. The line, thirty- 
seven miles long, was built with extraordinary rapid- 
ity, and its success was almost without a parallel in 
tlie history of railroading. Its cars were crowded 
with passengers as soon as it reached the vicinity of 
Titusville, and the resources of the road were entirely 
inadequate to accommodate the people rushing iuto 
the oil regions, or to transport the immense amount 
of oil seeking the markets of this country and Europe. 
Although Dr. Streator worked with untiring energy 
to accommodate the juiblic. and to keep pace with the 



development of the country and of the oil interests 
consequent on the construction of the road, it for a 
long time outstripped all his efforts. While the prof- 
its of the line were enormous, the creation of wealth 
by the enterprise was beyond all computation. Dr. 
Streator controlled and operated the road until 1866, 
when he disposed of it to Dean Richmond, of the 
New York Central railroad. He constructed for that 
company the Cross Cut railroad, running from Corry 
to Brocton, a distance of forty-two miles, to connect 
the new purchase with the main line. 

After this the doctor organized a company for the 
purchase of a large body of coal land on the Vermil- 
lion river, in La Salle and Livingston counties, Illi- 
nois. The tract comprised over five thousand acres, on 
which was a splint vein about six feet deep, the coal 
resembling that at Massillon, Ohio. To connect these 
beds with the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy rail- 
road he built fifteen miles of railroad, and afterwards 
built seventy-one miles more in order to connect them 
with the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific and the 
Chicago and Northwestern roads. He disposed of the 
former to the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy com- 
pany, and in 1869 sold one half of his coal lands to 
parties acting in the interest of that corporation. The 
product of these mines has now reached the vast 
amount of six hundred thousand tons per annum. 

In 1869 Dr. Streator was elected by the Republicans 
of Cuyahoga county to represent their district in the 
Ohio State senate, and served with ability and fidelity 
until the close of his term in 1871. 

During this time he formed a friendship with Cov- 
ernor (now President) Hayes, and has lately received 
from him the offer of the position of collector of in- 
ternal revenue for the district of Northern Ohio. 

While a member of the senate he was chosen presi- 
dent of the Lake Shore and Tuscarawas railroad com- 
pany, which had been organized to build a railroad 
connecting Lake Erie at the mouth of Black river 
with Wheeling on the Ohio, and he has remained 
connected with this road down to the present tinio. 
In 18T5 Dr. Streator became a member of the firm of 
J. P. Robison & Co., proprietors of the National 
Packing House, of Cleveland, one of the largest in 
Ohio and one of the most complete in the world. 
Nearly all the meats packed by this house are sliijjped 
by them direct to the English market, being cured 
with especial reference to the wants of that country. 

Dr. Streator has two large farms near Cleveland, 
and has stocked them with short-horn thoroughbred 
cattle, Kentucky horses and Cotswold sheep, not ex- 
celled by any in America. So thorough have been his 
efforts in this direction (although he originally began 
farming merely as a recreation), and so fully have his 
exertions to benefit the agricultural interests of the 
country been appreciated by those interested in hus- 
bandry, that he has been elected at various times 
president of the Northern Ohio Fair Association, one 
of the most complete organizations of its kind in the 
world. 



BIO(!EAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



387 



Two marked characteristics of the doctor's life have 
born promptness and tlioroiighness, and his reputa- 
tiiiii for lionesty in either his public or liis business 
lifo has never been questioned. Althougli so actively 
onuiigcd in large and varied enterprises, he has never 
neglected his duties as a citizen or a man. He has 
for many yeai's been a member of the Cliurch of the 
Disciples, and the prosperity of the denomination in 
Cleveland is largely due to his liberality and eilorts. 
Every worthy enterprise, public or charitable, has 
found in iiim a patron and supporter. 

Dr. Streator was married in 1839 to i\Iiss Sarah W. 
Stirling, of Lyman, New York, and they have a fam- 
ily of four children — one daughter (wife of Mr. E. B. 
Thomas, general manager of the Cleveland, Colum- 
bus, Cincinnati and Indianapolis railroad) and three 
sons. 



'/„ 



PETER TIIATCIIEK, 



IVter Thatcher, familiarly known as "Uncle 
Peter," was liorn at Attleborougii, Massachusetts, on 
the 20tli of July, 1812. He is a direct descendant in 
the sixth generation from the Reverend Thomas 
Thatcher, founder of the old South Church of Boston, 
who came to New England in 1G3.5, at the age of 
lifteen years, witlrhis uncle, Anthony Thatcher. He 
was the son of the Kev. Peter Thatcher, rector of 
tiie old Salisbury Cliurch in England, and a most 
estinuible and pious man, as well as learned, being 
thoroughly veised in theology, the arts, sciences and 
languages, and also a pliysician of considerable note. 

He was spoken of, in New England, as the best 
scholar of his time, and many of his descendants have 
also rendered this name illustrious in church and 
State. 

Peter Tliateher, the subjectof this sketch, was edu- 
cated in the Wrentiiam and Amlierst academies, which 
he attended from 182G to 1828. 

In 1830 he went to Taunton, Massachusetts, and 
determined to earn his own livelihood. He found 
employment with a liouse carpenter, to whom he en- 
gaged himself to work one year for forty dollars and 
board. 

After two years service in this employ, he, in 
November, 1834, commenced work as a mechanic 
on the ]5oston and Providence railroad — one of the 
oldest roads in this country — and soon won tiie con- 
fidence of his employers by his faithfulness and capa- 
bility. He was advanced to tiie position of superin- 
tendent of construction, and after a few years took 
several contracts on his own account, which liecarried 
out to the entire satisfaction of all concerned. After 
finishing his work on the Boston and Providence rail- 
road, he was engaged until 1843 on various railroads 
in New Knglaud, Long Island, Maryland and New 
York. 

In 1843, 1844 and 184">, he was engaged in the con- 
struction of forts Warren and Independence, in Bos- 
ton harbor, under the superintendence of Colonel 



Sylvanus Thayer. The value of his services, and the 
esteem in which ho was held by his employers, may be 
inferred from the following extracts from letters of 
recommendation. The first is from Mr. William 
Otis, contractor on the Boston and Providence rail- 
road, to Mr. Latrobe, of Baltimore, chief engineer of 
the Baltimore and Ohio railroad. 

He says: "The bearer, Mr. Peter Thatcher, wishes 
to become a liidder for some of your work. I can say 
for him, that he has been in my employment, as su- 
perindent, for the last four years, and he has always 
acquitted himself with entire satisfaction to the 
engineer over him and to myself. I feel pride in say- 
ing that he is a young man in whom the utmost con- 
fidence can be placed." 

Mr. Wright, superintendent of engineers at Fort 
Warren, wrote of him in the following terms: "He 
possesses a thorough acquaintance with his business, 
and combines great intelligence with an uncommon 
degree of faithfulness in the discharge of duty. I 
feel assured that whoever is so fortunate as to com- 
mand his services will esteem him a great acquisition." 

Others equally commendatory might be quoted, but 
these will suffice to show the character he had estab- 
lished. He subsequently became extensively engaged 
as a railroad contractor, building many of the promi- 
nent railroads in the Eastern States, and all along the 
coast from Maine to Georgia. 

In 1850 he obtained control of the Howe patent 
truss bridge, and established the firm of Thatcher, 
Burt & Co., bridge builders, with offices at Spring- 
field, Massachusetts, and Cleveland, Ohio. At this 
time Mr. Thatcher removed to Cleveland, and for 
many years was one of the principal bridge builders 
in the West. He erected nearly all the original rail- 
road bridges in Ohio, Michigan, Indiana and Ken- 
tucky, on the Cleveland, Columbus and Pittsburg; 
Cleveland and Toledo; Panhandle; Pittsburg, Ft. 
Wayne and Chicago; Cleveland, Columbus, Cincin- 
nati and Indianapolis; Cincinnati and Marietta; Cin- 
cinnati and St. Louis; Baltimore and Ohio, and other 
railroads. In 18G2 he rebuilt the bridge over the 
Cumberland river at Nashville, which was burned 
during the war. 

After having, for thirteen years, carried on the 
bridge building business and added to it a trade in 
lumber, the firm built the Union Elevator, in Cleve- 
land, and a new firm of Thatcher, Gardner, Burt & 
Co., was formed. This firm was dissolved in I860, 
by the withdrawal of Mr. Thatcher. About this time 
a company was formed for the purchase of a patent 
obtained for the manufacture of a durable paint and 
fire-proof mastic from iron ore. Mr. Thatcher was 
chosen president of the company, which at once en- 
tered on a vigorous prosecution of its business and 
has succeeded beyond the anticipation of its directors. 
The paint is made of Lake Superior iron ore, ground 
fine, and mixed with linseed oil, with which it forms 
a perfect union. It is then used in a thin state, as a 
paint for surfaces, whether of wood, stone or metal. 



388 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



exposed to the weather, and in a thicker state for a 
fire-proof mastic. The ore is crushed by machinery 
of great strength, and about three tons of paint are 
produced daily, besides the mastic, and find ready 
market. 

In connection witli the above Mr. Thatclier has 
also purchased a patent for the manufacture of 
"metallic shingle," or iron roofing, whicli, after a 
test of a number of years, has been acknowledged to 
be unequaled for strength, durability, economy and 
beauty, and is water, fire, snow and dust proof. 

On the 11th of September, 1854, Mr. Thatcher first 
became connected with the Masonic order by being 
initiated an entered apprentice in Iris Lodge, No. 
229, of Cleveland. He rapidly advanced in the 
society, has filled many high and responsible posi- 
tions, and, since 1803, has been grand treasurer of 
the Grand Commandery of Kuiglits Templar of Ohio. 
He has also passed through the Scottish rites to the 
thirty-second degree. 

In politics he is a Republican, and, although he has 
never sought political preferment, has been appointed 
to several offices of public trust. For six years he 
has been a commissioner of the water works. He 
was elected a member of the board of public works 
of the State, in which position he remained three 
years, and has also been president of the Cleveland 
Library Association for two years. In every instance 
his services have given universal satisfaction. He is 
not a member of any church organization, but is a con- 
stant and generous contributor to churches, schools, 
public institutions and charitable causes. 

He is a genial, whole-souled gentleman, and enjoys 
the affection and respect of a large circle of friends. 
As a citizen and a man of business he commands the 
confidence of all. He was married on the 6th of 
May, 1849, to Sarah Adams, daughter of Eudor and 
Lvdia Adams Estabrook, of West Cambridge (now 
Arlington), Massachusetts. To them have been born 
three children — two sons, and one daughter who died 
in infancy. The eldest, Peter, Jr., who represents 
the seventh generation of this name, was born on the 
31st of August, 1850; John Adams, the second son, 
was born on the 26th of February, 1852; Annie 
Adams, the only daughter, was born on the 18th of 
March, 1855, and died February the Tth, 1857. 



AMOS TOWNSEND. 

Amos Townsend was born near Pittsburg, Pennsyl- 
vania, in 1831. His father, Aaron Townsend, was a 
well-to-do farmer, belonging to the Townsend family 
of Philadelphia. His motlier was a daughter of 
Captain Jacob Cox, who served under Washington 
in the Revolutionary war. He received a good edu- 
cation, and when fifteen years of age entered a store 
near Pittsburg, in which he remained until he was 
nineteen. He subsequently removed to Mansfield, 
Ohio, and formed a partnership with N. B. Hogg, 
under the firm name of A. Townsend & Co., for the 



transaction of a general mercantile business. This 
firm was dissolved at the end of five years, and the 
business closed. 

During his residence in Mansfield the Kansas 
troubles broke out, and a committee was ap]iointed 
by the National House of Representatives to proceed 
to the scene of the disturbance, make investigation, 
and report the exact condition of affairs. Mr. John 
Sherman procured for Mr. Townsend tlie ajjpoint- 
ment of marshal of the committee, and he attended 
it in that capacity. 

This position proved a dangerous as well as respon- 
sible one, but was filled in such a manner as to gain 
the respect and good will of both parties. 

In 1858 Mr. Townsend removed to Cleveland, and 
accepted a position in the wholesale grocery establish- 
ment of Gordon, McMillan & Co., in which he re- 
mained until 1861. He then became the junior part, 
ner in the firm of Edwards, Iddings & Co., engaged 
in a similar business. On the death of Mr. Iddings, 
in 1802, the firm became Edwards, Townsend & Co., 
which it still remains. The house has been very suc- 
cessful, establishing an extensive business and a higli 
reputation for stability and enterprise. 

Mr. Townsend has always taken an active interest 
in public and political matters, and, although not an 
office seeker, has been chosen to many positions of 
public trust. In the spring of 1864 he was elected a 
member of the city council, on the Reiniblican ticket, 
and was re-elected to the same position five successive 
terms, serving continuously for ten years. During 
seven years of that time he was president of the coun- 
cil, and during the last three years was chosen by a 
unanimous vote. In the spring of 1874 he took leave 
of that body in an address which presented a clear 
exhibit of the progress the city had made, during the 
period of his connection with municipal affairs. In 
1873 he was elected a member of the State constitu- 
tional convention, serving in that body on the impor- 
tant committees of finance, taxation and municipal 
affairs. He was one of the most conscientious and 
pains-taking members, and rendered valuable service. 

In October, 1876, Mr. Townsend was elected to the 
forty-fiftli Congress, entering upon his duties in 1877. 
He took an active part in the business and debates of 
the session, serving as a member of the committee on 
post-offices and post-roads. The introduction and 
successful passage of the letter-carrier bill was mainly 
due to his efforts. He made an able speech, which 
atti'acted marked attention, on the important tariff 
bill introduced by Fernando Wood. He was re-elected 
to Congress in the fall of 1878, was appointed a mem- 
ber of the committee on commerce, and will undoubt- 
edly serve in the forthcoming session with his usual 
vigor and ability. 

As a business man he is active and persevering, 
])ossessiug a clear head and a sound judgment, which 
enable liim to form a correct estimate of. the men he 
meets, and of their aims and purposes. He belongs 
to that class of citizens w'hose services in political 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



38D 



iiffiiirs are so much needed, and, as experience teaches, 
are so difficult to oljtain. During tlie war for tlie 
Union, he proved iiimst'lf tliorouglily palrioti(\ con- 
tributing in different ways to the sui)port of tlie ITnion 
cause, and serving for a time witli the First Light 
Artillery. 

In addition to his otluu' husiucss interests, lie owns 
stock in several important corporations; he has been, 
and is, a director of the Mercantile Insurance com- 
pany, and ill JIarch, 1875, was chosen a director of 
the Cleveland, Columbus, C'incinnati and Indianap- 
olis railroad company. In all tlie varied positions he 
has occupied, both in ])ublic and private life, he has 
shown the same indomitable energy, clear judgment, 
thorough infornnition and strict integrity, and he is 
regarded by all as an eminently successful business 
nian and politician. 



OSCAR TOWNSENI). 

The subject of this sketch is of English ancestrv. 
being descended from the Puritans who, as JIacaulay 
says, "prostrated themselves in dust before their 
Maker, but set their feet upon the neck of their 
king." The following genealogy shows his lineage 
in this country. 

Samuel Townsend was born in England in 1G37, 
and came to this country about the time (KUD) when 
the head of Charles First was brought to the block, lie 
settled at Lynn, Massachusetts, and died there in 
ITO-i. His son, Jonathan Townsend, was born in 
1008, and died at Lynn in 1717. The son of the 
latter, also named .lonathau, was born in 1097, and 
entered Harvard College in 1712. After being gradu- 
ated, he was ordained in 171!) as pastor of the Con- 
gregational church, at Needham, Ma,s.sacliusetts, and 
died there in 1702, after a pastorate of forty-three 
years; a length of service, especially if compared with 
the average modern jiastorate, creditable alike to the 
congregation and their evidently trusted minister. 

His son, Samuel Townsend, great-grandfather of 
Oscar, was born in 1729, and died at Tyringham, 
Berkshire county, Massaclnisetis, in 1822. The son 
of the latter, William Townsend, a youthful soldier 
at the close of the Revolutionary war, was born in 
ITii.i, and died in Huron county, Ohio, in 1S48. 

His son, Hiram Townsend, father of Oscar, was 
born August 31, 1798, and removed to Greenwich, 
Huron county, Ohio, in tlie spring of 1816, and there 
married Jliss Eliza Fancher, on the 23d of April, 
1823. It was no jiathway of roses whicli opened at 
that time before the newly-wedded couple. They saw 
clearly wiiat was before them, and entered knowingly 
upon a life of labor and .self-denial in a region which 
at that time, apart from a few small hamlets and some 
scattering cabins, was a dense wilderness, roamed over 
by wild bciists, hardly more.«avage than the Cliipjtewa 
and Delaware Indians who occasionally visited the 
locality. Yet they endured with patience and forti- 
tude all the perils and privations incident to jiioneer 



life in the West, sustained by their mutual affection, 
till at last, after a long life of usefulness and self-sac- 
rilice, Hiram Townsend passed to his rest on the 
9th day of December, 1870, at the age of seventy-two, 
universally honored and esteemed. His widow still 
survives, residing in Cleveland, on the West Side. 

Their son, Osc.ir Townsend, w;is born at their resi- 
dence in Greenwich, March 22, ItSf). He was, from 
the very first, inured to the practical labors of farm 
life, labors which no doubt aided largely both in de- 
veloping his i)resent muscular and well knit frame, 
iind in giving that practical readiness and that power 
of adapting means to ends, which have so thoroughly 
characterized him throughout his life. His educa- 
tional advantages were limited to such training as the 
C()untry schools of that time alforded, except during 
a few months in 1852, when he attended the old Pros- 
pect-street grammar school, then under the charge of 
Mr. L. M. Oviatt, afterwards siii)erintetident of the 
Cleveland public schools and librarian of the public 
library, of whose attentive guidance Mr. Townsend 
has ever since cherished the most grateful recollec- 
tions. 

The location of the Cleveland, Columbus and Cin- 
eiiiiiati railroad across his father's farm, in 1848, had 
aroused the ambition of young Townsend, then only 
thirteen years old, to find a wider and more congenial 
sjihere of action than his rural occupation had af- 
forded. Beginning in a subordinate jiosition on the 
railway just mentioned, his earnest and constjint en- 
deavor was to subserve the interest of his employes 
by unwearying faithfulness to every assigned duty. 
This trait was soon observed by those who could not 
only appreciate but reward it; and in the spring of 
1850 young Townsend, at the age of twenty-one, 
through the kindness of E. S. Flint and Addi.^on 
Hills, was transferred from Shelby station to the 
freight office at Cleveland. 

In April, 1802, Mr. Townsend was invited to a 
position in the Second National Bank of Cleveland, 
where he remained till 1805, when he was tendered 
the post of superintendent of the Empire Transporta- 
tion Co., and assumed the charge of the western 
department of that line. The energy and alility 
which had characterized Jlr. Townsend in every posi- 
tion which he had hitherto occupieil were, by this 
time, so fully recognized that in August, 1808, he 
was tendered and accepted the offices of director and 
vice president of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincin- 
nati and Indianapolis railroad. When, a few months 
afterwards, Mr. L. M. Hubby, the president of the 
com])any, met with an accident which disabled him 
from i)erforming the duties of his jiosition, Mr. Town- 
send became the -acting executive officer, and in Sep- 
tember, 1S70, at the age of thirty-five, was elected 
president of the corporation. 

In this position his executive and financial abilities 
had a wider scojie for their display than ever before, 
and, whatever adventitious circumstances may be 
claimed to have contributed to the result, Mr. Town- 



390 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



send can certainly point to that term of five years — 
from 18G8 to 1873 — under his management, as em- 
bracing the most prosperous period in tlie history 
of the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indian- 
apolis railroad. In closing his connection with the 
road, in 1873, Mr. Townsend carried with him a wi-it- 
ten testimonial by his successors as to the correct- 
ness of all his official transactions in behalf of the 
company, covering millions of dollars, from first to 
last, a testimonial which he prized far beyond the pres- 
tige gained while at the head of the company. 

After a few years of comparative leisure, improved 
by him in other pursuits, Mr. Townsend was tendered 
the position of general manager of the Cleveland, 
Tuscarawas Valley and Wheeling railroad company, 
by its board of directors, composed of such cajjable 
and successful business men as Selah Chamberlain, 
Amasa Stone, Dr. W. S. Streator and others, who 
had been associated and intimately acrpiainted with 
him for many years. This post he accepted and now 
occupies. 

He is also a part owner and the president of the 
Lake Superior Transportation Co., which owns sev- 
eral vessels employed in tlie iron ore trade between 
ports on Lake Superior and Lake Erie. 

Mr. Townsend was united, December 22, 1856, to 
Miss Elizabeth Martin, daughter of the late Thomas 
Martin, formerly of Huron county, Ohio, by whom 
he has four sons, viz: Frank M., now twenty-one 
years of age; Jay Frederic, nineteen; Willard H., 
twelve; and Oscar, Jr., five. 

In general personal appearance, that is, in bight, 
weight, massiveness of frame, and in movement, Mr. 
Townsend is said to resemble the late Senator Stephen 
A. Douglas, although their faces, as the picture shows, 
are dissimilar. Mr Townsend is of medium bight, 
with a large, well-shaped head, abundant brown hair, 
well streaked with gray, dark auburn whiskers, large, 
blue eyes, a florid complexion, indicating a sanguine 
temperament, a firm, full neck, very broad shoulders, 
witli a chest that, like Douglas', is of extraordinary 
size in proportion to his bight. His movements are 
active, and his gait is usually very rapid. 

He is genial and kindly in manner, readily accessi- 
ble to all, but prompt and decided when promptness 
and decision are necessary. He loves and attracts 
children, and greets acquaintances with a smiling eye 
and a hearty grasp of the hand. He possesses and 
expresses strong feelings and j)refereuces, with sin- 
cerity, and is noted for the faithfulness with which he 
fulfills every promise, no matter how much it may 
prove to his own disadvantage. Although naturally 
modest and retiring in his disposition, yet he mingles 
freely in the social circle, and is ready to do his part 
in promoting the general enjoyment of any assemblage 
met for mutual entertainment. 

Mr. Townsend is a member of the Firsf Baptist 
church of Cleveland, as are also his wife and his eld- 
est son. He is strictly temperate in his habits, and 
abjures the use of alcoholic drinks and tobacco in 



every form, as certain to prove deleterious to health 
in the end. But, while thus holding his faith and 
moral princijiles, he is never intolerant of the views 
of others, and, as the result of his study and thougiit, 
is in full sympathy with the most enlightened science 
and philosoiiliy of modei'u times. His hand and 
his heart are alike open to all proper demands, wjiether 
for the public advantage or for private unostentatious 
charity, tempered by a wise discrimination, wiiich 
knows almost instinctively when to withhold and 
when to give freely. 



JKPTHA H. WADE. 

Jeptha II. Wade, whose name has been ju-ominently 
connected with the telegraphic history of the West, 
and associated with many other important enterpises, 
was born in Seneca county. New York, on the 1 1th 
of August, 1811. 

He is a son of Jejstha Wade, a surveyor and civil 
engineer, and was brought up to mechanical pursuits, 
in which he achieved a fair amount of success. In 
youth he was unexcelled as a marksman, and, in the 
days of militia training, he was the commander of 
four hundred Seneca-county riflemen. They geiicrally 
closed the season with target practice, and in those 
annual trials of skill he invariably showed his right 
to command by not allowing himself to be beaten. 

Having a taste for art, and finding his health im- 
paired by the labors and close application conseciuent 
upon his mechanical employment, he, in 1835, turned 
his attention to portrait painting, and by study and 
conscientious devotion to the art he became very suc- 
cessful. While engaged in this work, in Adrian, 
Michigan, the useof the camera in producing portraits 
came into notice. He purchased a camera, and, aided 
only by printed directions, succeeded in taking the 
first daguerreotype ever taken west of New York. 

In 1844, while busy with his jjencil and easel, taking 
portraits, varying his occupation by exjierimenting 
with the camera, news came to him of the excitement 
created by the success of the ex})eriment of working 
a telegraph line between Baltimore and Washington. 

He turned his attention to the new science, studied 
it with his accustomed patience and assiduity, mas- 
tered its details, so far as then understood, and 
immediately saw the advantage to the country, and 
the pecuniary benefit to those immediately Interested, 
likely to accrue from the extension of the telegraph 
system which had just been created. 

He entered earnestly on the woik of extending this 
system, and the first line west of Buffalo was built by 
him, between Detroit and Jackson, Michigan. The 
Jackson office was opened and operated by him, al- 
though he had received no practical Instruction in the 
manipulation of the instruments. After a short In- 
terval he again entered the field of construction, 
and, working with untiring energy, soon covered 
all Ohio, and the country as far west as St. Louis, 
with a net work of wires known as the "Wade lines." 



BlOd RAl'FIIOAL SKETCH KS. 



391 



Tliis W!i8 not accomplished, however, without experi- 
encing tlio dinicultics, annoyances and misfortunes to 
wliich all f,n-eat enterprises are snlijoct in their infancy. 
Ignorant employees, imperfect insulation and ruinous 
competition were the greatest embarrassments. But 
to Mr. Wade tliose obstacles were not insuperaljle and 
in the face of all these difficulties he proceeded with 
I he work of opening and operating telegraph lines. 
Imperfect insulation was met by the invention of the 
famous "Wade insulator," which is still in use. 
He was the first to enclose a submarine cable in iron 
armor (across the Mississippi river at St. Louis), for 
which invention the world and its telegraph system 
owes him much; as it was this important discovery 
and imjjrovement in their construction that made tel- 
egraph cables a success, and the crossing of oceans a 
possibility. 

The "House consolidation" placed his interests in 
the Erie and Michigan, and Wade lines in the hands 
of the Mississippi Valley Printing Telegraph Com- 
jianv, and before long this consolidation was followed 
by the union of all the House and Morse lines in the 
West, and the organization of the Western Union 
Telegraph Company soon followed. In all these acts 
of consolidation the influence of Mr. Wade was active 
and powerful. Realizing the fact that competition 
between short, detached lines rendered them unpro- 
ductive, and that in telegraphy as in other things 
union is strength, he directed his energies to bringing 
aliout the consolidation, not only of the lines connect- 
ing with each other, but of rival interests. The sound- 
ness of his judgment has been proven by the remark- 
able prosperity of the lines since their consolidation, 
in marked contrast with their former condition. lie 
was one of the originators of the first Pacific tele- 
graph, and on the formation of the company was 
made its first president. The location of the line, 
and its construction through the immense territory, 
then in great pavt a wilderness, I)etw((ii Chicago 
anil San Fraiu^i.sco, were left mainly to his i;iiaided 
judgment and energy, and here again IIki.-c i|ualities 
converted a hazardous experiment into a Inilliant 
success. 

He remained president of the i'acilic company until 
he secured its consolidation with the \\\'stcrn liiion 
Telegraph Company, to accomplish which lie went to 
California in the latter jiart of IStiO, and succeeded 
in harmonizing the jarring telegraphic interests there. 
On the completion of this arrangement, in J 800, Mr. 
Wade was made president of the consolidated com- 
[lany. having his headi|uarters in New York. It is 
scarcely possible to overestimate the value of his con- 
nection with the Western Union Telegra|)h Company 
at this period of its history, especially after he be- 
came its chief executive officer. 

He possessed, in a superior degree, the invaluable 
faculty of administration and the power of clear, 
accurate, discriminating systemization. He knew 
how to ap]n'eciate and estimate the value and force <>f 
obstacles, how to carry out by careful and ]n'ndent 



steps, and in well arranged detail, a fine conception, 
and organize it into a permanent force. His work was 
done by (piiet, effective, well-planned and thorough 
methods. At a meeting of the board of directors in 
July, 18(i7, a letter was received from Mr. Wade de- 
clining, on account of failing health, a re-election to 
the office of president. His witlidrawal from tele- 
graphic administration was received with general 
regret, and the following resolutions were passed after 
the election of the new board was announced: 

"Resolred, That, to the foresight, perseverance and 
tact of Mr. J. H. Wade, the former president of the 
company, we believe is largely due the fact of the 
existence of our great company to-day, with its thou- 
sand arms grasping the extremities of the continent, 
instead of a series of weak, unreliable lines, unsuitcd 
to public wants, and, as proiterty, precarious and 
insecure; 

"Reffolred, That we tender to ^Ir. Wade our con- 
gratulations on the fruition of his groat work, 
signalized and cemented by this day's election of a 
board representing the now united leading tele- 
graphic interests of the nation." 

The telegra])h had brought to Mr. Wade vast 
wealth, but it had also brought him into a stale of 
health which imperiled its enjoyment. To dismiss 
care he sold out his entire telegraphic interests, and in 
travel and in the enjoyment of his home in Cleveland, 
which he jjrovided with every appliance of art and 
taste and comfort, gave himself up to needed rest and 
recuperation. On his restoration of health, which fol- 
lowed a judicious respite from labor, he entered into 
many spheres of active life. 'J'he wealth he has ac- 
cumulated is mostly invested in such a manner as to 
largely aid in building up the prosperity of Cleveland. 
The large and pleasant tract of land in the seven- 
teenth ward, adjoining Euclid avenue, known as 
" Wade Park," was beautified at his own expense for 
the enjoyment of the public. 

At the organization of the Citizen's Savings and 
Loan Association, of Cleveland, in 1807, he was 
ehcted ils jiresident, and still retains that office. He 
is the <iiiginatorand president of the Lake N'iew Cem- 
etery Association. As a leading director in many of 
the largest factories, banks, railroads and jiublic in- 
stitutions, his clear head and active judgment are 
highly valued. He is a director of the Second Na- 
tional Uank, of Cleveland; a director of the Cleveland 
R(dling Mills, Cleveland Iron Company and Union 
Steel Screw Company, and the president of the 
American Sheet and Boiler Plate Company, and of 
the Chicago and Atehisoii Bridge (Company, of Kan- 
sas. He is also a director in three railroad compa- 
nies, and the ju-esident of the Kalamazoo, Allegan 
and Grand Rapids, and Cincinnati, Wabash and 
Michigan railroads. He is, besides, president of the 
Valley railroad, running from Cleveland toward the 
coal fields of Ohio. This will be a valuable acipiisi- 
tion to the interests of Cleveland, and under the 
management of Mr. Wade will be promptly carried 
forward. 



392 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



The Valley railroad was projected previous to the 
panic of 1873, which put a stop to it. As the times 
began to improve, vigorous efforts were made to carry 
it forward, which met with but little success until 
the summer of 1878. 

The importance of tJiis road was strongly advocated 
by the newspapers, meetings of the citizens were held 
and a general interest awakened. Under this impetus 
the road wiis put under contract, and considerable 
progress was made in the work, when it was checked 
by a controversy between the contractors and the 
comj)any. 

Before this a contract had been made by the city of 
Cleveland with the Valley railroad for the transfer to 
the company of that portion of the bed of the Ohio 
canal sold to the city by the State, which would give 
the railroad the most favorable entrance into the city 
and access to shijipiug facilities on the lake. 

The terms of this contract had not been complied 
with, and its abrogation by the city was threatened. 
At this juncture the management of the Valley rail- 
road succeeded in effecting a negotiation with capi- 
talists for the amount necessary to complete and 
equip the road, but the parties who agreed to lend 
the money demanded as a condition that Mr. Wade 
should become the president. 

Mr. Wade took the matter into consideration, and 
announced his willingness to assume the position if 
the canal-bed negotiation could be satisfactorily ad- 
justed without a lawsuit with the city, to which he 
was utterly averse. The city council met the diflR- 
culty by a resolution authorizing the mayor to make 
and sign a new contract, on terms satisfactory to Mr. 
Wade and tiie Valley railroad company. 

The company was reorganized, with Mr. Wade at 
its head, the difficulties with the contractors were 
satisfactorily adjusted, work was renewed and the 
road will be completed liy the end of the present year 
(1879). 

In addition to his other manifold duties Mr. Wade 
has been appointed by the citizens of Cleveland as 
commissioner of the city sinking-fund, park com- 
,missioner and director of the Workhouse and House 
of Refuge. For several years he was vice president 
of tiie Homoiopatiiic lios[)ital, to aid which he has 
contributed freely. Ilr is ouc of the trustees of the 
Cleveland Protestant ()r])haii Asylum, and is now 
building for that purpose, at his own expense, a mag- 
nificent fireproof liuikling, sufficiently large to ac- 
commodate from one hundred to one hundred and 
fifty children. This building is located on St. Clair 
street, and will i)e completed in a few months. 

Mr. Wade has also contributed freely to many 
other charitable causes and objects. He is now in the 
zenith of his jiower, and is universally beloved by the 
people of the beautiful city which he has made his 
home, and which he has done so much to enlarge and 
adorn, and by the niiiny recipients of his unostenta- 
tious charities. 



SAMUEL WILLIAMSON. 

The subject of this sketch was born in Crawford 
county, Pennsylvania, on the 16th of March, 1808. 
He is the eldest son of Samuel Williamson, who was 
born in Cumberland county, Pennsylvania, and re- 
moved to Ci'awford county abotit the year 1800. Dur- 
ing his residence in that county he was married to 
Isabella McQueen, by whom he had a family of seven 
children. On the tenth of May, 1810, he removed to 
Cleveland, Ohio, where, in connection with his brother, 
he carried on the business of tanning and currying, 
which he continued until his death, which occurred in 
September, 1834. He was a man of enterprise and 
public spirit, highly esteemed as a citizen, liberal in 
politics, and for many years justice of the peace and 
associate judge of the court of common pleas. 

Samuel Williamson was but two years of age when 
he came, with his parents, to Cleveland. When he 
attained a suitable age he was sent to the j)ublic 
schools, which he attended until 1826, and then en- 
tered Jefferson College, in Washington county, Penn- 
sylvania. He graduated from that institution in 1829, 
and, returning to Cleveland, entered the office of Judge 
Andrews, with whom he read law for two years. In 
1832 he was admitted to the bar, and immediately 
commenced the practice of his profession in connec- 
tion with Leonard Case, with whom he was associated 
until 1834, when he was elected to the position of au- 
ditor of Cuyahoga county. He remained in that 
office for a period of eight years, at the expiration of 
which he returned to the practice of law. This he 
continued with slight interruptions until 1872, when 
he retired from its activities to the enjoyment of a 
well-earned leisure. During these j'ears his time was 
not, however, wholly engrossed by his professional 
interests. He was elected to a numlier of respon- 
sible positions of public trust, and discharged the 
duties pertaining to them with unvarying fidelity and 
marked ability. In 1850 he was chosen to represent 
the county in the legislature; in 1859-'60 he was a 
member of the board of equalization, and in the fall 
of 1862 was elected to the State senate, in which he 
served two terms. He rendered valuable service as a 
member of the city council and of thcboaid of educa- 
tion, being active in promoting public improvements 
and educational institutions. He was a director of 
the Cleveland and Columbus railroad, and for two 
years held the office of prosecuting attorney. He is 
now jiresident of the Cleveland Society for Savings, 
one of the largest and best conducled iissociiitions of 
this kind in Ihe West, having a de]iosit of over 
$8,000,000. 

Throughout his professional career he maintained a 
high rank at the bar of Cuyahoga county, and while 
he had a wide and varied experience in every branch 
of legal practice he was particularly successful as pros- 
ecutor's counsel, and was extensively employed in the 
settlement of estates. 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



393 



In all the phases of his career and life he has been 
tlioroiifjlily upriglit, and well deserves the high respect 
and est com in wliich he is held by all who know him. 



IIIRAM V. WILLSON. 

This gciitlonian, an eminent lawyer and jni-ist, and 
the first judge of the United States Court for the 
Northern District of Ohio, was born in April, 1808, 
in Madison county. New York. He was educated at 
Hamilton College, graduating from that institution 
in 1832. Immediately afterward he commenced the 
study of law in the office of Hon. Jarcd Willson, of 
Canandaigua, New York. Subsequently his legal 
studies were continued in Washington, D. C, in the 
office of Francis S. Key, and, for a time, he taught in 
a classical school in the Shenandoah valley. 

During his early studies he acquired the familiarity 
with legal text books and reports which in afterlife 
became of great service to him. Throughout his 
collegiate course, and during his law apprenticeship, 
he maintained a close intimacy with the Hon. Henry 
B. Payne, then a young man of about his own age. 

In 1833 he removed to Painesville, Ohio, but soon 
jiroceeded to Cleveland, where he formed a law part- 
nership with his friend, H. B. Payne. They com- 
menced business under the most disadvantageous cir- 
cumstances, being almost destitute of means in a 
land of strangers. They, however, met with encour- 
agement from some of the older members of the pro- 
fession, and in a short time established their reputa- 
tion as able and rising lawyers. After a few years 
years Mr. Payne withdrew fi'om the firm, and it be- 
came successively Willson, AVadc & Hitchcock and 
Willson, Wade & Wade. By these partnerships even 
the extensive l)usiness and high reputation of the old 
firm were much increased. 

In 1853 Mr. Willson was the Democratic candidate 
for Congress against William Case on the Whig, and 
Edward Wade on the Free Soil ticket. In this con- 
test Mr Wade was successful, but Mr. Willson re- 
ceived a heavy vote. 

In the winter of 1854 he was selected by the 
Cleveland bar to labor in behalf of a bill to divide 
the State of Ohio, for Federal judicial purposes, into 
two districts. After a sharp struggle t he bill was suc- 
cessful — mainly through his ctTorts — and the United 
States District Court for the Northern District of 
Ohio was formed. In March, 1855, President Pierce 
appointed Mr. Willson judge of the court just au- 
thorized; an act which was received with general 
satisfaction by the members of the bar. 

Until the time of his appointment he had been a 
strong political partisan, but in becoming a judge 
he ceased to be a politician, and to the time of 
his death never allowed political or personal motives 
to affect his decisions, lie proved himself an upright 
judge, whose decisions were based entirely on the 
facts of the case and its legal and constitutional 
bearings. The new court did not lack for business. 

60 



In addition to the ordinary civil and criminal cases, 
the location of the court on the lake border brought 
it a large number of admiralty suits. Many of his 
decisions in these cases were regarded as models of 
lucid statement and furnished valuable precedents. 

Among the most noteworthy of his decisions in 
admiralty was one regarding maritime liens, in which 
he held that the maritime lien of men for wages, 
and of dealers for supplies, is a proprietary interest 
in the vessel itself, and cannot be divested by the 
acts of the owner or by any casualty until the claim 
is paid, and that such lien inheres to the ship and all 
her parts, wherever found, and whoever may be her 
owner. 

In the case of L. Wick vs. the schooner " Samuel 
Strong," which came up in 1855, Judge Willson re- 
viewed the history and intent of the common-carrier 
act of Ohio, in an opinion of much interest. 

In other cases he supported his decisions by citing 
precedents of the English and American courts for 
several centuries. A very important case was what 
is known in the legal history of Cleveland as the 
"Bridge Case" in which the questions to be decided 
were the legislative authority of the city to bridge 
the river, and whether the bridge would be a nuisance, 
damaging the complainant's private property. Judge 
Willson's decision, granting a preliminary injunction 
until further evidence could be taken, was a thorough 
review of the law relating to water highways and 
their obstructions. In the case of Hoag rs. the pro- 
peller " Cataract" the law of collision was clearly set 
forth. 

In 18G0, important decisions were made in respect 
to the extentof United States jurisdiction on the West- 
ern lakes and rivers. It was decided, and the decision 
was supported by voluminous precedents, that the 
admiralty atid maritime jurisdiction possessed by the 
district courts of the United States, on the Western 
lakes and rivei's, under the constitution and the act of 
1789, was indei)endent of the act of 1845, and unaf- 
fected thereby; and also that the district courts of the 
United States having, under the Constitution and 
the acts of Congress, exclusive original cognizance of 
all civil causes of admiralty and maritime jurisdic- 
tion, the courts of common law are precluded from 
proceeding in rem to enforce such maritime claims. 

In a criminal case the question was whetiier the 
action of a grand jury was legal in returning a bill of 
iudictment found by only fourteen members of the 
jury, the fifteenth member being absent and taking 
no part in the proceedings. After reviewing the 
matter at length and citing numerous precedents, 
Judge Willson pronounced the action legal. 

In 1858 the historical Oberlin-Wellington rescue 
case came before him, a case growing out of a viola- 
tion of the fugitive slave law by certain professors 
and leading men of Oberlin College and town, who 
had rescued a slave captured in Ohio and being 
taken back to Kentucky under the provisions of that 
law. Indictments were found against the leadirijr res- 



3U 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



cuers, and their trial caused great excitement. They 
were convicted, fined and imprisoned. The result 
caused a monster demonstration against the fugitive 
slave law, which was held in the public square, mid- 
way between the court-house and the jail. 

In this trying time Judge Willson remained calm 
and dispassionate, his charges merely pointing out 
tlie provisions of the law, and the necessity of obeying 
it, no matter how irksome such obedience, until it 
was repealed. 

During the excitement caused by the John Brown 
raid, and afterward on the breaking out of the rebel- 
lion, he defined the law in regard to conspiracy and 
treason, drawing with nice distinction the line be- 
tv/een a meeting for the expression of opinions hostile 
to the government, and a gathering for violently op- 
posing or overthrowing the government. 

At the January term in 1864 he delivered an ad- 
mirable charge, in which he discussed the cpiestions 
arising from the then recent act of Congress, author- 
izing a draft under the direction of the President, 
without the intervention of the State authorities, and 
conclusively established the constitutional validity of 
the act in question. 

The judicial administration of Judge "Willson was 
noticeable for its connection with events of national 
importance, and our limited space will allow us to 
quote but few of the important cases which came be- 
fore his court. And here it should again be repeated 
that in all his conduct on the bench he was entirely 
free from personal or party predelictions. In 1865 
his health began to fail and symptoms of consump- 
tion appeared. He yielded at last to the persuasions 
of his friends to seek the restoration of his health in 
a milder climate, and, upon the approach of the win- 
ter, visited New Orleans and the West Indies. The 
weatherproved unusually severe for those latitudes and 
he returned without benefit from the trip. He grad- 
ually sank under the attacks of the fell disease, and 
died on the evening of the 11th of November, 1866. 
A few hours before his death he suffered much, but 
he became easier and jJassed away without a struggle. 
Some months before he had been received as a mem- 
ber of the Presbyterian Church, of which he had 
long been a member and an active supporter. 

On the announcement of his death the members of 
the Cleveland bar immediately assembled, and all vied 
with each other in rendering testimony to the integ- 
rity, ability and moral worth of the deceased. The 
bar meeting unanimously adopted resolutions of re- 
spect, in which he was truthfully described as "a 
learned, upright and fearless judge, ever doing right 
and equity among the suitors of his court, fearing 
only the errors and mistakes to which fallible human 
judgment is liable." Not a word of censure was 
breathed against any one of his acts, and tributes of 
heartfelt commendation of his life, and sorrow for 
his loss were laid on his grave by men of all parties 
and shades of opinion. lie was married, in 1835, to 
the widow of Mr. Ten Eyck, of Detroit, Michigan, 



who survived him. He also left a daughter, Mrs. 
Chamberlain. 



KUFUS KING WINSLOW. 

Eichard Winslow was a direct descendant from 
Kenelin Winslow, brother of Governor Edward 
Winslow, of Plymouth Colony, and one of the May- 
flower Pilgrims. He was born in Falmouth, Maine, 
on the 6th of September, 1769. He left that State 
in 1813, and removed to North Carolina, where he 
established himself at Ocracoke, He became largely 
interested in the commerce of that place, both by sea 
and by land. 

In May, 1831, he arrived with his family in Cleve- 
land, determined on investigating the chances which 
were then attracting considerable attention. He in- 
vested his capital in mercantile and shipping interests, 
and in addition became agent for a line of vesels 
between Buffalo and Cleveland, and also of a line 
of boats on the Ohio canal. His first venture as a 
ship-owner was the brig "North Carolina," built for 
him in Black River. He afterwards became interested 
in the steamer " Bunker Hill," of four hundred and 
fifty-six tons, which at that time was considered a 
very large size. These were the forerunners of a 
long line of sail and steam vessels, built for or pur- 
chased by him, alone or in connection with his sons, 
who became partners with him in the business. The 
Winslows became widely and favorably known and 
ranked among the foremost ship-owners on the wes- 
tern lakes. In 185-1 Mr. Winslow retired, leaving 
his interest to be carried on by his sons, who inherited 
his business tastes and abilities. 

For twenty-five years he had been in active busi- 
ness on the lakes, but he was destined to enjoy his 
retirement only for the short space of three years. 
In 1857 he met with an accident which seriously 
affected a leg he had injured years before, and re- 
sulted in his death, he being in the eighty-eighth 
year of his age. 

Throughout his long and active life he enjoyed the 
respect of all with whom he was brought in contact, 
whether in business or social relations. He was a 
gentleman in the highest sense of the word, warm 
and impulsive in his nature, courteous to every one 
and strongly attached to those he found worthy of his 
friendship. In business he was quick to jjerceive and 
prompt to act, but was free from the least suspicion 
of meanness or duplicity. 

As a citizen he took a deep interest in public affairs, 
but was not a politician and neither sought nor de- 
sired public office of any kind. He was married to 
Miss Mary Nash Grandy, of Camden, North Carolina. 
By this union he had eleven children, of whom N^. 
C, H. J., R. K. and Edward survived him. Mrs. 
Winslow died in October, 1858, having outlived her 
husband a little over one year. 

His son, Rufus King Winslow, was l)orn in Ocracoke, 
North Carolina. He came with the family to Cleve- 



i 



BIOGKAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



395 



1:111(1 ill 1831, and was educated at the old Cleveland 
aeiuluiiiy. When he reached his majority he became 
associated with his brothers, N. C. and H. J. Winslow, 
ill the shipping business, their father being, as already 
stated, a large owner of vessels on the lakes. The 
family had, indeed, from their first arrival in Cleve- 
laiul, been among the foremost, if not at the head of all, 
ill the ownership of vessels; they having a large fleet 
of ships always on the lakes. In 1854, when the father 
retired from active business, the management of the 
family's interests devolved upon Rufus K. and his 
brothers. Upon the death of their father in 1857, 
the business was left wholly to them. 

It lias since that time been successfully carried on, 
he remaining in Cleveland, whilst one brother settled 
ill UtilTalo and the other in Chicago. In 1859 and 
1800 they dispatched some vessels to the IJlack Sea, 
but most of their operations have been confined to 
the lakes, on which they are still extensively engaged. 

Mr. Winslow is also a large real estate owner, and 
although an enterprising and imblic-spiritcd citizen, 
has avoided ]M)litical life, having invariably declined 
to accept positions of public trust. During the re- 
bellion he was an active and liberal supporter of the 
riiioii. He is deeply interested in scientific pursuits, 
and for many years has been a devoted student of 
ornithology. In 1873 he was elected president of the 
Kiitland Academy of Natural Sciences, of which he 
had for a number of years been an active member, 
lie is well known as a skillful connoisseur in paint- 
ings, and a liberal patron of art in all its brandies. 

lie has never sought notorieiy of any description, 
and is seldom seen at public gatherings. When oc- 
casion demanded it, however, he has always been 
found ready to take an active part in works of benev- 
olence or pulilic enterprise. He is a member of the 
\\ t>tern Keserve Historical Society, and has ever been 
ail earnest supporter of educational interests. His 
sound judgment and correct taste have frequently 
rendered good service in devising and carrying out 
plans for charitable or other jmrposes. He was mar- 
ried in 1851 to Miss Lucy B. Clark, daughter of Dr. 
W. A. Clark, of Cleveland. 



X 



REUBEN WOOD. 



This early lawyer and statesman of Cleveland was 
born in the year 1792, in the county of Rutland, and 
State of Vermont. Brought up on a farm, he ac(piired 
sutlicient education to teach school during the winter 
months, and made this the stepping stone to higher 
aei|uiremcuts. Finding special facilities in Canada 
he went over the line to prosecute his studies, but was 
compelled to return by the breaking out of the war of 
1812. Having already begun the study of the law, he 
conijileted it with Gen. Clark, a jirominent lawyer of 
Miildletown, Vermont, and obtained admission to the 
liar. 

In the year 1818 he was married, and immediately 
afterward removed to Cleveland, then a small but 



promising village, closely surrounded by woods. His 
only rival there in the legal profession was Alfred 
Kelley, except Leonard Case, who paid little attention 
to law except in connection with land. Mr. Wood 
being a wide-awake, energetic man, well suited to the 
western country, soon obtained a good practice, in 
which he was actively engaged for twelve years. His 
characteristics as a lawyer have been mentioned in the 
chapter devoted to the early bar of Cleveland. 

His practice was somewhat interrupted by his elec- 
tion to the State senate in 1825, a position to which 
he was twice re-elected. 

In 1830 Jlr. Wood was elected by the legislature 
president judge of the third judicial circuit. He was, 
as described by an old lawyer, especially good as a nisi 
prills judge — that is, in presiding over the trial of 
suits — his quick, active mind enabling him to catch 
easily the main points of a case, to understand readily 
the bearing of evidence, and to appreciate off-hand 
the points of a lawyer's argument. In 1833 he was 
elected a judge of the supreme court of the State, and 
at the end of his term, he was re-elected. For the 
last three years of his second term he was the chief 
justice of the court. 

Judge Wood was elected governor of Ohio in 1850 
by the Democratic party, by a majority of over eleven 
thousand. His otKcial term was brought to a close 
within a year by the adoption of the new constitution, 
but in the autumn of 1851 he was a candidate for elec- 
tion under that instrument, and was chosen by a ma- 
jority of about twenty-six thousand. During both 
terms he served to the satisfaction of the ijeojile, and 
obtained a wide reputation for ability. When it was 
found impracticable, at the Democratic National con- 
vention of 1853, to nominate one of the leading can- 
didates for the Presidency, Gov. Wood was strongly 
talked of as a compromise candidate. The jiosition, 
however, was finally assigned to Franklin Pierce, of 
New Hampshire. 

After the expiration of Gov. Wood's gubernatorial 
career he was appointed, in 1853, by President Pierce, 
as consul at Valparaiso, in the republic of Chili. 
While there he acted for a short time as minister to 
Chili. On his return he retired to a farm in the town- 
ship of Rockport, where he resided until his death, 
which occurred on the 2d day of October, 1804, he 
being then seventy-two years old. 

The characteristics of Mr. Wood's mind were quick- 
ness, promi)tness, acuteness and thorough knowledge 
of human nature; all qualities especially calculated to 
l)romote his success in a new, wide-awake, go-ahead 
country. 



TIMOTHY DOANK CROCKER. 

Timothy Doane Crocker, a lawyer and capitalist of 
Cleveland, is descended on the paternal side through 
J. Davis Crocker, formerly of Lee, Massachusetts, in 
a direct line from the Crockers who settled at Cape 
Cod, shortly after the lauding of the Pilgiim fathers 



396 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



upon Plymouth Rock. His mother is a daughter of 
Judge Timotliy Doaiie, a native of Haddam, Connec- 
ticut. The old Doane mansion is still standing, the 
ancient frescoes of which represent scenes familiar to 
the patriots of the Revolutionary days. One of Mr. 
Crocker's name — a historical character — was a captain 
in the British navy before the Revolution, and was at 
one time governor of Long Island, under British rule. 

]\Ir. Crocker's paternal grandfather was a prominent 
citizen of Lee, where he owned an extensive landed 
property. Being urged by his pastor. Dr. Hyde, and 
others, to head a colony of immigrants to Ohio, he 
consented to do so. Before leaving for the new settle- 
ment the colony organized a church, and he was 
chosen one of the officers. 

He traveled to Ohio in 1811 in his own private car- 
riage, which was said to be the first pleasure carriage 
driven through to the Reserve. He purchased large 
tracts of land in Euclid and Dover townships, the 
village of Collinwood being now situated on a jiortion 
of the former tract, which was extensive and valuable, 
reaching to the lake, and as far west as the Coit farm. 

Although quite young at the time of the Revolution, 
this gentleman was in the military service before its. 
close, and was on General Washington's staff. After 
the passage of the act giving pensions to those who 
survived the war, he was urged by his friends to ap- 
ply for one. His reply was: "I would never be guilty 
of receiving reward for services rendered ni)' country 
in time of peril and need." He was a gentleman of 
sterling qualities of head and heart, unblemished in- 
tegrity, well informed, and one whose advice was 
sought from far and near. In this connection it is 
worthy of note that no representative of that branch 
of the family was ever known to be a drunkard, al- 
though in early times a sideboard was esteemed a 
household necessity. 

Tlie father of the subject of this sketch, who was 
quite young when the family came to Ohio, possessed 
then, to a large degree, his father's superior quali- 
ties. He had four children — Sarah, who married 
Rev. E. Adams, an Episcopal clergyman, (of the 
family of John Adams, of Massachusetts); Mary, who 
married Judge P. H. Smythe of Burlington, Iowa (a 
descendant of the Patrick Ilcnry family of Virginia); 
Timothy Doane; and Davis J., a lawyer, of Chicago. 

The heads of the family of Mr. T. D. Crocker's 
mother, on the ijaternal side, were, for at least three 
generations, sea captains, owning the vessels they 
commanded, and trading to the Indies. John Doane, 
the founder of the family in this country, crossed the 
Atlantic in one of the first three vessels that sailed to 
Plymouth. He was prominent in the affairs of the 
colony, and in 1633 was chosen assistant to Governor 
Winslow. Subsequently he was one of the commis- 
sioners chosen to revise the laws; in 164:2 he was 
again chosen to be Governor Winslow's assistant, and 
for several years he was selected as a deputy in the 
colony court. 

Judge Timothy Doane moved from Connecticut to 



Herkimer county, New York, about 1794. In 1801 
he migrated to Euclid, now East Cleveland, in this 
county. With his family he made the journey from 
Buffalo to Cleveland in an open boat rowed by In- 
dians, landing where night overtook them, only to 
resume their travels the following day. Near Grand 
river they saw a storm approaching and attempted to 
land, but their boat was swamped. All were saved, 
however, and Mr. Doane and his family continued 
their journey to Cleveland on horseback along the 
Indian trail. At this period the mother of the sub- 
ject of our sketch was five years old, and at the 
present time (September, 1879,) is still living, in the 
full possession of her faculties, and thoroughly 
familiar with the growth and develojmient of the 
country, especially in northern Ohio. During thc^ 
war of 1812, and, later, during the rebellion of 1861-1)5, 
she was very active in giving aid and comfort to the 
siclj and wounded soldiers, and good cheer to those 
in health. She is a woman of liberal and intelligent 
views, accomplished, and beloved by all who know 
her. . 

At the jieriod of Judge Doane's advent, there were 
but three log houses where now stands the beautiful 
city of Cleveland. West of the Cuyahoga was Indian 
territory, and Judge Doane found the Indians to be 
peaceable and good neighbors. They were always re- 
ceived at his house as friends, and on many a night, 
Indian-like, they would wrap themselves in their 
blankets and sleep around the Judge's cheerful fire. 
In appreciation of his kindness they would frequently 
present him with some of the best venison or lish 
which their skill could procure. 

During the first year of his administration the first 
governor of Ohio appointed Judge Doane to be a jus- 
tice of the peace. The original commission is now in 
possession of Timothy Doane Crocker, and reads as 
follows: 

Edward Tiffin, Governor, in the name and by the 

authority of the State of Ohio: 
To all iclio shall see these jiresents, Greeting: 

Know ye, that we have assigned and constituted, 
and do by these presents constitute and appoint, Tim- 
othy Doane, Justice of the Peace for Cleveland Town- 
ship, in the county of Trumbull, agreeabl}' to the 
laws, statutes and ordinances in such case made and 
provided, with all the privileges, emoluments, etc., 
for three years from the date hereof, and until a suc- 
cessor shall be chosen and qualified. 
In witness whereof, the said Edward Tiffin, Governor 
of the State of Ohio, hath caused the seal of the 
said State to be liereuutxt affixed, at Chillicothe, the 
14th day of July, in the year of our Lord, 1803, 
and of the independence of the State of Ohio, the 
first. By the Governor, Edw aisd Tiffin. 

Wm. Creighton, Jr., Secretary of State. 

iL.s.l (Private seal. The State seal being not yet procured.) 

Subsequently Judge Doane served as associate judge 
for man}' years. 

At an early age, Timothy Doane Crocker exhibited 
those traits of character — energj', integrity and per- 
severance — which proved the beacon lights iu his after 



(I 

ii 




J( <^^S^ "^^^^"^^ 



7^^ 



BIOGKAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



397 



Ciivcer. In his youth lie worked on his fallier's l":irni 
(luring llie springs, summers and autumns, and in tiio 
winters attended a district schooL lie early showed 
es|)ecial facility in inatlicinatics, and when only thir- 
teen was a thorough arithmetician, Ijcing able to solve 
mentally many of the most diilicult arithmetical prob- 
lems. From the district school he went to Twiiisburg 
academy, where his expenses were defrayed by the 
manual labor he performed, and where, by habits of 
industry, he undoubtedly laid the foundation of his 
successful life. Subsequently he attended Shaw acad- 
emy and afterward entei'ed Western Ileserve College, 
where he paid the most of his expclises by his own 
labor. He was graduated in June, 1843, taking high 
rank both in scholaiship and deportment — no unfa- 
vorable "mark" having been recorded against him. 

In the fall of 1843, in which year his father died, 
he became principal of a select school near Howling 
(irecn, Kentucky, i)rosecuting assiduously, at the 
same time, his classical and other studies. During 
his two years and a half stay at Bowding Green, 
he developed a high order of talent as an educator 
and disciplinarian. On his return to Cleveland in 
184G, he read law in the oflice of Allen & Stetson for 
u few months, and then entered the law school of 
Harvard University, from which he was graduated in 
1848; having previously — in 1847 — been admitted to 
j)ractice at the Middlesex (Massachusetts,) bar, after 
a severe exaniinatiim in open court bv (!liief .lustice 
Wilds. 

He returned to Cleveland the same year, and in 
November again left home — this time for Burlington, 
Iowa — spending the winter in the office of (irimes & 
Starr. In March, 18411, lie opened an office, and 
was engaged in active practice until 1804. He dis- 
tinguished himself as counsel in many imjiorttint 
cases, in which some of the best legal talent in the 
State was opposed to him. His practice ra])idly in- 
creased until it became worth ten thousand dollars a 
year; an exceedingly large one in a city of the size of 
Burlington, and one of the largest in the State of 
Iowa. He invested his professional gains in land, be- 
ct)ming a large landholder in Iowa, Missouri, Illinois, 
Michigan, Pennsylvania and Ohio, and this real estate 
has now increased very greatly in value. Mi'. Crocker 
was also attorney for the Chicago, Burlington and 
(^uincy railroad company from the time that it broke 
ground on the east side of the Mississippi. He be- 
came interested in other railroads as well as in plank- 
roads in that section, and was a stockholder and 
director in the Burlington Bank. 

The health of his wife demanding a change of resi- 
dence, he removed his family to Cleveland in 18G0. 
Since closing his legal business (about 18(i4) the care 
of Ills estate has required all the attention lie could 
give to business matters. He has, however, been 
prominent in the supjiort of benevolent institutions, 
and in the promotion of religious education. He 
was president for several years of the Sabbath School 
Union, and sujierintendent for ten years of the Mis- 



sion Sabbath School of the First Presbyterian Church, 
of Cleveland, of which latter body he was a member. 
The school had but eighty pujiils when he took charge 
of it, while at the time of his resignation there were one 
thousand enrolled, seven hundred of whom were reg- 
ular attendants. 

He is one of the trustees of the Western Reserve 
College, at: Hudson, (in aid of wiiichhe has given ten 
thousand dollars), and of Mount Union College, of 
Alliance, Ohio, in which latter institution he is also 
the lecturer on political ecoiioinv and eommercial and 
international law. 

Mr. Ch'ocker has ever eschewed politics so far as 
seeking political preferment is concerned. In Iowa 
he was often solicited to be a candidate for judge of 
the district court, but declined the honor. During 
the war for the Union he devoted much time and 
money to the national cause, and rendered vuhuible 
service to the Christian Commission on the Potomac. 

His success in life has been due not only to great 
industry and energy but to a ])eculiar and intuitive 
faculty of seizing the right opportunity at the right 
moment, together with the foresight to determine 
accurately the probable results of an undertaking. 

Mr. Crocker is one of the few repix'sentative men 
of Cleveland who arc natives of Cuyahoga county. 
He was married in September, 1853, to Eliza P., only 
daughter of the late Wm. A. Oiis, Esq., of Cleveland 
and has hail live children; three sons and two daugh- 
ters. 



The subject of this sketch lias been a resident of 
the city of Cleveland for the last twenty-one years. 
He was born in Ilamixleii county, Massachusetts, 
October 30, 1,SI3. His father, who w:is a farmer of 
moderate means in th.it rugged region, having ex- 
changed his land for a larger tract in the West, re- 
moved with a large family in the fall of 1824 to what 
was afterwards known as Freedom, in the county 
of Portage, in this State, and erected a log hut near 
the center of a nearly unbroken forest of about seven 
miles s(iuare, without roads, schools or churches, and 
still filled with wild beasts, including the bear and 
wolf, in such numbers as to make the rearing of 
domestic animals next to impossible. It is needless 
to say that such a state of things must be attended 
with many privations, and, for those who had noth- 
ing but wild land, the provision of food and clothing 
became a consideration of the first necessity. 

To secure these, the land must be cleared of the 
heavy timber upon it, and to this vei-y hard labor, for 
a growing boy, Hufus P. devoted himself for the next 
six years, with only one winter's schooling in a 
neighboring town during the period. This course of 
life then began to tell on his health, and an irresisti- 
ble desire to ac(piire some education ensued, which 
his parents warmly seconded by their wishes, although 



398 



THE CITY OF CLEVELAND. 



they were ignorant of the way to accomplish it, and 
witiiout the means to furnish any considerable aid. 

But the departure vvas to be made, and, having no 
reliance but upon his ax, he chopped cord-wood for 
a merchant to pay for a Latin dictionary, a Virgil and 
a razor — tliis being an implement his age began to de- 
mand, while the others, he was told, were necessary to 
commence a literary career. Thus prepared, he com- 
menced stndj with Dr. Bassett, of Nelson, who 
taught an academy part of the year and gave private 
instruction the residue. After staying a considera- 
ble time with him and contracting a very strong 
attachment for him, he pursued his studies at the 
Western Reserve College, supporting himself during 
this period by frequent intervals of manual labor, 
and by teaching two terms, the first in a district in 
Hiram, where Mormonism first broke out in tlie 
West, and the last in the academy building in Nelson 
formerly occupied by Dr. Bassett. At the end of 
this term, in the spring of 1834, when he was pre- 
paring to return to Hudson, a mere accident, with- 
out previous thought or calculation, ended his plan 
of completing a classical education, determined his 
profession and settled the course of his whole life. 

Accidentally meeting an old college friend who was 
designed for the l«ir, and who had been a year with 
Joshua R. Giddings and Benjamin F. Wade (wlio 
have since acquired such marked distinction) his 
friend advised him to give up the college, and go back 
with him to Ashtabula county and read law. He re- 
ceived the proposal with the utmost astonishment, 
knowing absolutely nothing of courts, law or lawyers; 
but having a vague idea that a college graduation was 
indispensable to such an undertaking. His friend 
knew liow to correct this impression, and so etfectu- 
ully to remove other objections that a single night's 
reflection decided him to go to wliat then seemed a 
distant point, where he had never been, and where he 
knew no one, having until the day before never heard 
even the names of the lawyers whose office he proposed 
to enter. His reception and treatment were, however, 
such as to make the two and a half years ensuing the 
most enjoyable and piofitable of his life, and resulted 
in the formation of personal frioiidshii)s between him 
and liis instructors and fellow students which no sub- 
sequent events ever impaired. 

The study of jurisprudence as a science was so ex- 
actly suited to his tastes that a constant incentive 
existed to master its fundamental principles, which 
he accomplished so thoroughly as to account for 
the ease and readiness with which he has ever used 
tiiem. 

In the fall of 183G he was admitted to the bar of 
the supreme court, and soon after located at Warren, 
in the then large county of Trumbull, where he com- 
menced practice alone. But in the course of the en- 
suing winter, the firm of Giddings & Wade being 
dissolved and Mr. Giddings elected to Congress, at 
the earnest request of his old preceptor, Mr. Wade, 
he returned to Jefferson and foi-med with him the 



partnership of Wade & Ranney, which lasted for ten 
years, and until Mr. Wade was elected a judge of the 
court of common pleas. 

During this period he married a daughter of Judge 
Jonathan Warner, and in 184.5 he took up his resi- 
dence again in Warren. The firm of Wade & Ranney 
was rather noted for the extent of its business than for 
the gains from it, and at its conclusion, such was the 
confidence of the partners in each other, its affairs 
were settled by simply passing mutual receipts. In 
addition to the heavy labor which their practice im- 
posed, neither of the partners neglected the interests 
of the political party to which they respectively be- 
longed. The junior, from his majority, was an ar- 
dent Democrat of the Jefferson and Jackson school, 
and without a thought for his personal interests or 
prospects he cast his lot with the small minority 
then comprising the party in this part of the State, 
and at once became one of the leading advocates of 
its doctrines. Without any hope of local preferment, 
it was nevertheless a settled principle with the leaders 
that in aid of the general State ticket the best local 
nominations should be made, and that those who 
urged others to stand by the cause should, without a 
murmur, take such jjositions as their associates as- 
signed them. 

In accordance with this idea, Mr. Ranney was first 
nominated for the State senate, but was obliged to 
decline because he was not of an age to be constitu- 
tionally eligible. He was three times a candidate for 
Congress; once in 1842 in the Ashtabula district, then 
including this county and Geauga: and in 1846 and 
1848 in the Trumbull district, which embraced also 
the counties of Portage and Summit. But his exer- 
tions were not limited to law and politics. Conscious 
of the deficiency of his general education, he resolved 
to supply it so far as possible by individual exertion. 
While he was yet a student, availing himself of the 
aid of a French scholar and his books, he had com- 
menced the study of that language, and from that 
day to this has constantly read a French newspaper, 
and the solid literary and scientific productions of 
French authors, including the Code Napoleon and 
the commentaries upon it, in the language in which 
they were composed. 

After the dissolution of the firm of Wade & Ranney 
he continued the practice alone until 1850, and in tiie 
spring of that year, in connection with the late Judge 
Peter Hitchcock and Jacob Perkins, he was elected, 
by a large majority, a member from the counties of 
Trumbull and Geauga of the convention called to 
revise the constitution of the State. In that conven- 
tion, comprising, as is well known, a very able body 
of men, he served upon the judiciary committee, and 
was chairman of the committee on revision, to which 
the phraseology and arrangement of the whole instru- 
ment was committed. He took a very active part in 
the debates upon most of the important questions 
considered, and may be said to have done as much as 
any one to impress ujjon the instrument those po])U- 



BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES. 



399 



lar features which have ever since made it acceptable 
to the people of the State. 

Iniinecliately after the adjournment of tlie conven- 
tion, in the spring of 1851, when he had just returned 
to liis neglected practice, and without any previous 
knowledge on liis part that a vacancy existed, he 
learned of his election, by the legislature then in ses- 
sion, as a judge of the supreme court of the State, at 
the same joint session at which his old preceptor and 
partner was first elected to the United States Senate. 

Tiie new constitution being afterwards adopted by 
the people, he was elected to the same position, in the 
fall of the same year, by a majority of over forty 
thousand votes, and continued to discharge its duties, 
l>oth in the district and supreme courts, until shortly 
before the expiration of his term, in the winter of 
18.50, when he resigned. He soon after associated 
liimseif with F. T. Backus and C. W. Noble in the 
practice oflavv in Cleveland, and about the same time 
was appointed, by the President, United States attor- 
ney for this district; but as the appointment, which iiad 
been wholly unsolicited, proved to be too much in the 
way of his more important civil business and not 
suited to his tastes, he resigned it a few months after- 
ward. 

Nothing further occurred to interfere witli the 
large and increasing business of his firm until 1859, 
when the State convention of his party unanimously 
and very unexpectedly placed him m nomination 
for governor. The canvass was a very sjiirited one, 
and was attended with the unusual feature of a joint 
discussion between him and his competitor at many 
of the important points in the State; but tlie Re- 
publican party retained its ascendancy, and he was 
defeated. 

On the breaking out of the civil war, which he 
did everything in his power to avert, he became sat- 
isfied that arms must settle the conflict, and that the 
jn-eservation of the Union depended upon making it 
as short and decisive as possible; and to this end, in 
the spring of ISfl:^, he readily accepted the invitation of 
fiovernorTod, and, in connection with Hon. Thomas 
Ewing and Samuel Galloway, addressed tlie people at 
several jjoints in the middle and southern portions of 
tlie State, to encourage enlistments. 



In the same year he and his partner, Mr. Backus, 
were nominated as opposing candidates for the supreme 
bench. Not desiring the place, and liaving a very 
high opinion of the qualifications of Mr. Backus 
for it, he declined the nomination, but his party 
not ac(juiescing his name was kept upon the ticket, 
and in tlie fall he found himself again elected to 
the position. He took his seat and remained two 
years, when, convinced that duty to his family re- 
quired it, he very reluctantly resigned, resolved to 
devote himself exclusively to his profession, to wliich 
resolution he has steadily adiiered; holding no pub- 
lic position in the time, except that of president of 
the State board of Centennial managers, for the Phil- 
adelphia exposition. The result has been that, in 
addition to his large practice in the courts of his own 
State, his engagements in important cases have ex- 
tended into several other States, and into all the 
courts. State and Federal, where such cases are dis- 
posed of ; and, while he is very far from having 
amassed a fortune, he has so far succeeded, without 
ever embarking in any speculation, and from the 
avails of his labor alone, as to have acquired a compe- 
tency, which with his disregard of all sliow, and his 
economical habits, places him in a position of com- 
plete independence. 

Of one so well known as he is, but little need be 
added. That he has discharged the duties of every 
position in which he has been placed with distin- 
guished ability and strict integrity, no one that has 
ever known him well will deny. As an advocate and 
jurist he has had very few if any superiors among his 
contemporaries, while his recorded judicial opinions 
upon many great questions that arose during his ser- 
vice upon the bench are conceded to be models of 
clearness, learning and force, and especially distin- 
guished for the broad and comprehensive principles 
upon which his reasoning is generally founded. In 
the very best sense of ^the words, he is a speci- 
men of a self-made man; and his history furnishes 
additional evidence that integrity of purpose, when 
coupled with perseverance and assiduous labor, will 
overcome all the difficulties which may beset the path 
of the young American, and enable him to fully fit 
himself for honorable and useful positions in society. 



History of Cuyahoga County, 

PART THIRD: 
THE TOWNSHIPS. 



The Townships of Cuyahoga County. 



CHAPTER L XIX. 

BEDFORD. 

Ijocation— Surface — Soil — Tinker's Creek— Picturesque Scenery — The 
Pioneers— The First Settlers— Rapid House-building— Parker's Tav- 
ern—A Mighty Hunter— The First Child— First Settler in the North- 
west—Getting Plenty of Food— First Permaneut Resident at the 
t'luter- Other Settlers before 1823— Householders in 1S30— Civil Gov- 
ernments First Officers— List of Officers- Cemetery— Town Hall— The 
Village— Location and Appearance— The Beginning— The Laying Out 
-The Incori)oration - Officers since IKOO— Posi Office- Stores— Hotels 
- Physicians- Bedford Intellingencer— Early Mills— Woolen Factory- 
Pail Factory— Tannery— Foundry— The Rolling Mill— Machine Shop- 
Chair Factories — Schools— ITnion School— Cliurch of Christ — First 
Baptist Church— Methodist Church — Episcopal Church — Masonic 
Lodge. 

This towiisliip lies on the Summit couuty line, 
oust of IiKlcpcndence and south of Warrensville. 
On tiiu cast it is bounded by the township of Solon. 
It is known in the survey as township number six in 
range eleven. When it was organized for civil pur- 
poses, in 1823, it received its present name at the 
suggestion of Daniel Benedict, in compliment to the 
l)lace of his nativitj' — Bedford, Connecticut. 

Along the strciims the surface of the township is 
somewhat broken, but in other parts it is generally 
level. Being also quite elevated, Bedford is a very 
healthy township. Heavy forests originally covered 
the ground, but these have been generally removed, 
although tiie appearance of the country is yet pleas- 
antly diversified by bodies of timber which have been 
allowed to remain in their primitive beauty. The 
soil is variable, but is usually a light loam. It is 
generally free from stones, and may be cultivated 
with case. It is fertile, and yields the ordinary j)ro- 
diicts of this part of the State, but dairying has, to a 
large extent, become the chief industrial pursuit of 
the inhabitants. 

Tinker's Creek is the principal stream.* It Hows 
from Solon in a westerly course, south of the center 
of Bedford, to the Cuyahoga, into which it empties 
in the township of Independence. Its channel is very 
deep and rugged, forming in places chasms several 
hundred feet deep, which have almost perpendicular 
banks of shale or sand rock, and present a grand and 
pictures<|ue appearance. Along a [lart of its course 
through the township, the scenery for varied and at- 
tractive beauty is seldom surpas.sed. The volume of 

" For the origin of this name, see page 43. 



the stream is not so great as formerly, but it yet af- 
fords good water power, which has been well utilized. 
The other streams of the township are small brooks, 
which ilow into this creek from the north. 

PIOXEER SETTLERS. 

About 1810 the township was surveyed into one 
hundred lots, numbered from the northwest, but no 
speedy attempt at settlement followed. In 1813 
Elijah Nobles settled on Tinker's creek near the line 
of Independence, and was jirobably the first 2noneer 
of Bedford. He was a man of loose business habits, 
and soon found himself reduced to extreme poverty 
with a very heavy incumbrance on his land. As it did 
not seem possible for him to retain his home there, 
one of the Iludsous, of Hudson, who was related 
to him, offered him a part of lot forty-six (at the 
center), if he would make certain improvements on it. 
With this purpose he moved to what is uoav the vil- 
lage of Bedford, in November, 1815, and was the first 
man who lived there. His neighbors in Independence 
turned out to the number of eighteen, and in a single 
day built him a cabin from the trees growing on the 
spot, leaving the family there at night nearly three 
miles from any other occupied house. Nobles re- 
mained all winter at the center, but the following 
spring he returned to his old place on the creek, and 
not long after removed to another part of the State. 
A part of his property on Tinker's creek passed into 
the hands of Adams & Starr, who built there the 
first mills in the township, and another part became 
the home of Cardee Parker who opened the first 
tavern, (although Nobles may have entertained oc- 
casional travelers.) Parker's tavern became (piito 
famous in its way, and after liis death, was continued 
by his widow, who was widely known as Mother 
Parker. After the canal was built she removed to 
Independence, and opened a public house there. 

Several months after the settlement of Nobles at 
the center, Benjamin Fitch, who came to Independ- 
ence in 1813, Sf|uatted on a piece of land in that lo- 
cality, but after Nobles had left he, too, became dis- 
couraged and moved back to the creek. He sold his 
" betterments" to Wetherby Nye, but the land ulti- 
mately became the property of Joseph Goodale, who 
purchased it of the proprietors. In the course of 

(403) 



404 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



the year Fitch returned to the center and built a 
new cabin on the eastern part of the site of the vil- 
hige, where he lived a number of years, but finally 
made a permanent settlement on lot fifteen. He was 
jirobably the greatest hunter that ever lived in the 
township, being so uniformly successful that some of 
his less fortunate neighbors used to " change works" 
with him — they clearing his land for him while he 
provided them with game. He was also well known 
as a maker of splint-bottom chairs, and some of these 
useful articles made by him, over sixty years ago, are 
yet in existence in the township. In the latter part 
of his life he moved to Indiana, where he died. He 
had three sons, named .Joseph, George C, and 
Andrew G. The latter was born at the center in 
1818, being the first child born in that locality. His 
two daughters yet live in Bedford, Harriet being the 
wife of W. 0. Taylor. 

Benoni Brown settled in the southwestern part of 
the township about 1815, but removed in the course 
of ten years. At the old mill, in the Tinker's creek 
settlement, Timothy Wasliburne lived at a very early 
day, but did not remain long. He was the first 
blacksmith in Bedford. In this locality also Stephen 
Comstock settled in 1814, and a daughter, Sarah, 
born soon after, was the first child born in the town- 
ship. The family also comprised two other daugh- 
ters, and two sons named Charles and Stephen. 
Stephen Comstock, Sr., was probably the first settler 
of Bedford who retained a permanent residence. A 
little later James Orr made some improvements in 
the same locality, but also removed before 1830. 
About 1818 Moses Gleeson likewise settled there. 
He was an enterprising citizen, and reared seven sons, 
named Edwin, Elias, Charles, William, Moses, Sar- 
dis and Lafayette, and three daughters. 

In April, 1819, Samuel Barnes, of Vermont, came 
from Newburg, where he had settled in 1817, and 
located in the northwest part of Bedford, but after- 
wards settled at the village. He died in ISlovember, 
1872, but Mrs. Barnes is yet living, and is the earliest 
surviving settler of the township. They reared a son, 
Orville, and two daughters. One of them, Cordelia, 
was born in June 1819, hers being one of the first 
births in the township. 

The following year and the year after, Moses Bar- 
num, Abijah S. Baruuai and Prentice B. Eoss set- 
tled on the Newburg road, but at least two of them 
moved away at an early date. In 1820 Jason Shep- 
ard located on lot two, where he lived until after 
1830, when he removed to Newburg. It is related of 
him that while he was out hunting he shot a black 
bear which was helping himself to the wild honey 
from a " bee tree," which also became the prize of 
the hunter; and, returning homo, shot a deer and 
some wild turkeys near his house, which was certain- 
ly obtaining a pretty good supjily of food for one day. 
He had a son, Elias, who is yet a citizen of Newburg. 

John Dunham settled in the northwestern part of 
the township about 1821, and died there in 1850, 



leaving seven sons, named Ambrose, Chester, Alonzo , 
John, Asa, Jehiel and Lorenzo. Of these, Asa, who 
resides on Dunham street, is the only one living in 
the township. Wetherby Nye became a resident of 
Bedford about the same time, and after living in va- 
rious places finally located in the western part of the 
township, where he died in 1877. Nathaniel K. Joy 
lived in the same neighborhood as early as 1822, but 
soon moved away. On lot four Solomon White was 
an early settler, locating on the present Libbey farm. 
Samuel Morton lived in the same neighborhood in 

1822, but after a few years moved to Canada. 

In 1823 Stephen Robinson located on the present 
Comstock place, on lot twelve, where he died in 1832. 
He had eight sons, named Daniel, Nathan, Isaac, 
Ebenezer, Ezra, Nathaniel, John and Newman. The 
latter is the only one remaining in the township; 
John lives in West Cleveland; and Ezra in Brooklyn. 
John White was a neighbor of the Robinsons before 

1823, and died in that locality. He reared two sons, 
named William G. and Charles. 

Daniel Benedict settled at the village of Bedford in 
1821, and was the first permanent resident there. 
His family consisted of eight sous: Darius, Ralph, 
Julius, Sillock, Jndson, James, Rodolphus, Pliinam- 
ber and Allison. Phinamber is the only one living in 
the county, he being yet a resident of the village. A 
little later Moses Higby settled in the southwestern 
jmrt of the township, where he remained until his 
death. 

Others living in the township before 1823 were 
Jared Barnes, Barzilla Burk, William Dunshee, La- 
ban Ingersoll, John Johnson, John Marvin and Peter 
Comstock. Within a few years came Philo Barnes, 
Justus Remington, George M. Payne, Luther and Ziba 
Willis, Daniel Gould, Hiram Spofford, Barney Cobb, 
Enoch Allen and Nathaniel C. Hains. 

In 1830 the householders of the township were as 
follows: 

John Libbey, Noah Sawyer, Alfred Dunham, Jason 
Shepard, Charles Goodrich, Enos Hollister, A. S. 
Barnum, John Dunham, Wetherby Nye, Eli Burke, 
Alvah Hollister, Hiram Ostrandcr, Stephen Robinson, 
James Titus, Julius S. Benedict, Oliver B. Robinson. 
Daniel Gould, Luther Willis, Darius Warner, William 
Dunshee, Ralph R. Benedict, Samuel Barnes, Abra- 
ham Turner, Joseph Skinner, Josei)h Goodale, John 
White, Justus Remington, Nathaniel C. Haines, 
George M. Payne, Enoch Allen, James Griffith, Bar- 
ney Cobb, Daniel Benedict, Hiram SpafFord, Benja- 
min Fitch, Erastus Ives, Jared Skinner, Ziba Willis, 
Daniel Mora, Moses Kirby, Lyman Eldred, Curtis 
Wells, Daniel Chase, John L. Willard, Alviu Davis, 
Danforth Cliamberlain, Aaron Warner, John Hill, 
Mary Ann Parker, Silas Lindslej, Moses Gleason, 
Peter McArthur, John Schooley, Nathaniel H. Joy, 
Stephen Comstock, James Hughes, Wm. Currier, 
Isaac Leach, Isaac D. Leach. 

After 1830 the immigration was very large, and 
the township, although yet new, was soon quite 



BEDFORD. 



405 



densely po])ulated. In 1847 Bedford had three hun- 
dred and twenty voters. 

( IVIL (JUVERXMENT. 

Agreeably to an order of the cominissiouers of 
Cuyahoga county, the inhabitants of the present 
township of Bedford assembled at the house of Pren- 
tice B. Boss, April 7, ]823, to elect township officers. 
John Dunham, Daniel Benedict and Aaron Shepard 
were appointed judges; Laban Ingersoll and A. S. 
Harnum, clerks. The officers elected were as fol- 
lows: Trustees, Daniel Benedict, James Orr, Laban 
Ingersoll; clerk, Abijali 8. Barnum; treasurer, John 
Dunham; constables and listers, Peter Comstock, 
Darius R, Benedict; fence viewers. Prentice B. Ross, 
Wctherby Xye; overseers of the poor, Barzilla B. 
Burk, Stephen Comstock; road supervisors, Daniel 
Benedict, James Orr, Barzilla B. Burk. Jonathan 
Fisher, a justice of the peace of the county, qualified 
the clerk to perform the duties of his office. 

A meeting to elect a justice of the peace for Bed- 
ford was held July 10, 1823, when John Dunhan: 
received seventeen votes; Daniel Benedict, eleven; 
and A. Shepard, one. Dunham declined to serve, 
and on the 9th of August another election was held 
which resulted in the choice of James Orr; he having 
received twenty-five votes. The justices in 1879 are 
A. M. Whi taker and E. U. Hammond. It is impos- 
sible to compile even a reasonably full list of those 
wiio have served as justices in tlie intermediate period; 
even as to other officers it is very difficult, some of 
the records having been destroyed or mislaid. As near 
as can be ascertained they have been as follows: 

1K23. Trustees, Daniel Beuediet, James Orr, Laban lugereoll; clerk, 
.\bijah S. Barnum; treasurer, John Dunham. 

IsxM. Trustees, Daniel Benedict. John Dunham. Stephen Comstock; 
clerk, Benjamin Kitch; treasurer, .John Dunham. 

ISi'J. Trustees, Jason Shepard. I'hilo Barnes, Stephen Comstock; 
clerk, Daniel Benedict; treasurer. James Orr. 

1826. Trustees, Jason Shciiard, Pliilo Barnes, Stephen Comstock; 
clerk, A. S. Barnum; treasurer, James Orr. 

IH:^ and 1828— records missing. 

1S2!). Trustees, Enoch Allen, George M. Payne. Justus Remington; 
clerk, A. S. Barnum; treasurer, Luther Willis. 

ISittt. Trustees, James Titus, Alvin Davis, Justus Remington; clerk, 
A. S. Barnum; treasurer, Enos Hollister. 

I8;J1. Trustees, Thomas Marble, Hiram Spafford, Curtis Wells; clerk, 
.lohn F. Willard; treasurer, Enos Hollister. 

18:12. Tinistees, Daniel Brooks, William Hamilton, James Titus; clerk, 
A. S. Barnum; treasurer, Enos Hollister. 

IXJ;1 Trustees, Luther Willis, .\ugustine Collins, Abial Newton; clerk, 
A. S. Barnum: treasurer, David B. Dunham. 

IXU. Trustees, George 31. Payne. Augustine Collins, Rufus Libby; 
clerk, A. S. Banium; treasurer, David B. Dunham. 

18:15. Trustees, Otis Button, Augustine Collins, Rufus Libby; clerk, 
Enoch Allen; treasurer. David B. Dunham. 

I8;jti. Trustees, Otis Button, Augustine Collins, Amos Belding; cle'rk, 
Geo. M. Pay ne ; treasurer, David B. Dunham. 

1837, Trustees, Daniel Gould, John Culver, Amos Belding; clerk, 
JusiiisRemmgton; treasurer, Geo. M. Payne. 

18:J8. Trustees, Daniel Gould, Matthew Drening, Amos Belding; clerk, 
Justus Remington; treasurer, Geo. M. Payne. 

1839. Trustees, Daniel Gould, Wm. Morse, Matthew Drening; clerk, 
.John P. Robinson; treasurer, N. C. Hains. 

1810. Tiustees, Rufus Libby, Julius S. Benedict, Matthew Drening: 
clerk, B. M. Hutchinson; treasurer, N.C. Hains. 

1841. Trustees, Justus Remington, Sidney Smith, J. S. Benedict; 
clerk, B. M. Hutchinson; treasurer, N. C. Hains. 

1842. Trustees, Justus Remington, A. CoUlns, S. Pease: clerk, B. M. 
Hutchinson; treasurer, X. Hamlin. 

18«. Trustees, J. Montgomery. A. Collins, John Libby; clerk, B. 3L 
Hutchinson ; treasurer, N. P. Benedict. 



l&H. Trustees, Theron Skeels, Rufus Libby, N. Hamlin; clerk, Lee 
Lord; treasurer, W. B. Hillman. 

1845. Trustees, Theron Skeels, Rufus Libby, N. Hamlin: clerk, Lee 
Lord: treasurer, F. H. Cannon. 

1846. Trustees, Theron Skeels, Rufus Libby, X. Hamlin; clerk, Lee 
Lord; treasurer, Wm. B. Hillman. 

1847. Trustees, Theron Skeels, Rufus Libby, N. Hamhn; clerk, Leo 
Lord; treasurer. Wm. B. Hillman. 

IMS. Trustees, Otis Button, Rufus Libby, N. Hamlin; clerk, Lee 
Lord; treasurer. Wm. B Hillman. 

1849. Trustees, Otis Button, Asa Marble, Sidney Smith; clerk, Leo 
Lord; treasurer, F. H, Cannon. 

1850. Nelson Hamlin, Rufus Libby, Chauncy Osborne: clerk, Lee 
Lord; treasurer, F. H. Cannon. 

1851. Trustees. Hiram Bacon, Rufus Libby, Hiram Smith; clerk, A. 
M. Wliitaker; treasurer. F, H, Cannon. 

1852. Trustees. Hiram Bacon, Benj. Samson, Hiram Smith; clerk, 
George Fuller; treasurer, F. H. Cannon, 

1853. Trustees, Hiram Smith, Asa Dunham, Silas Gray; clerk, L. D. 
Benedict; treasurer. L. D. Hathwa.v. 

1854. Trustees, Julius S. Benedict, Asa Dunham, George Lathrop; 
clerk, L. D. Benedict; treasurer, L. D. Hathaway. 

18.55. Trustees, Jacob Flick, Jr.. Wra. King, George Lathrop; clerk, 
Wm, H. May; treasurer. L, D. Hathaway, 

la^U, Trustees. Jacob Flick. Jr., Caswell Wright, Joel Nelson: clerk, 
Wm. H, May; treasurer. A, H, Comstock, 

1857, Trustees. Asa Dunham, Wm, King, Caswell Wright; clerk, Wm. 
H. May; treasurer, A. H. Comstock. 

1858 and 59. (Records missing) . 

ISW, Trustees, Asa Dunham, James S, Benedict, George Lathrop; 
clerk, A. M. Whitaker: treasurer, A. H. Comstock. 

1861. Trustees, Asa Dunham, Wm. King. L. Tarbell; clejk. A. B, 
Hubbell; treasurer. Levi Marble, 

1862, Trustees, Wm, King, R, S. Benedict, D, D, Robinson; clerk, A. 
M. Whitaker; treasurer, Levi Marble. 

18&S. Trustees, James S. Benedict, Sidney Smith, Edwin F. Wheeler; 
clerk, H. J. Hanmiond; treasurer, Levi Marble. 

1864, Trustees, S, A, Clark, James Egbert, Benj. Lemoin; clerk, Sid- 
ney Smith; treasurer, Levi Marble. 

1865, Trustees. Horace Herrimau, Vincent Salsbury. Benj, Lenioiu; 
clerk, Sidney Smith ; ti easurer, Levi Marble, 

1866, Trustees, Asa Dunham, H, A. Wise, Benj. Lemoin; clerk, Henry 
Freeman; treasui'er, Levi Marble, 

1867, Trustees, Asa Dunham, James E bert, T, B. Patterson; clerk, 
Sidney Smith ; treasurer. Levi Marble, 

1868, Trustees, Asa Dunham, B. Lemoin, T. B. Patterson; clerk, Sid- 
ney Smith; treasurer, Levi Marble. 

1869, Trustees, James Egbert, James Mathew, Geo. Lamg; clerk, 
Sidney Smith; treasurer, J. H. Wakefield, 

1870, Trustees, James Egbert, James Mathew. Joseph Mathew; clerk, 
W, S. Warner; treasurer, J. H. Wakefield. 

1871, Trustees. James Egbert. Reuben Parkinson, Josejdi Mathew: 
clerk, J. R. Tudor; treasurer. J, H. Wakefield, 

1872, Trustees, Asa Dunham, Reuben Parkinson, Levi Marble; clerk. 
J. R, Tudor; treasurer, J, H, Wakefield, 

1873, Trustees, Asa Dunham. Reuben Parkinson, Levi Marble; clerk, 
W. S. Warner; treasurer. J. H. Wakefield, 

1874, Treasurer. R, J. Hathaway. Reuben Parkinsou, I^evi Marble: 
clerk, W, S. Warner; treasurer, J. H. Wakefield, 

1875, Trustees, Asa Dunham, H. D, Lathrop, E, M. Libby; ilerk, W, 
S, Warner; treasurer, J, H, Wakefield, 

1876, Trustees. JVC, Walton, H. D, Lathrop, E, M, Libby: clerk, W. 
S, Warner; treasurer, J, H. Wakefield. 

1877, Trustees, J, C, Walton, Johnson McFarland, E, M, Libby; clerk, 
W, S, Warner; treasurer, .1. H, Wakefield, 

1878, Trustees. J, C, Walton. Johnson McFarland, H. D. Lathrop; 
clerk, W. S. Warner; treasurer, J. H, Wakefielil, 

1879, Trustees, J. C. Walton, Johnson McFarland. H, D. Lathrop; 
clerk, W, S. Warner; treasurer, J, H, Wakefield. 

CEMETERY AND TOWN HALL. 

In 1857 the township appropriated five liiimlrcd 
dollars to purchase a tract of ground for burial jiur- 
poscs. A lot of three and one-third acres was selected 
in the southeastern part of the village, whicJi has been 
well fenced, laid out in blocks, planted wilii fine 
trees, and a vault provided. The township also fur- 
nished a hearse and provided the services of a se.xton. 
The cemetery contains some very fine monuments, 
and has become the general place of interment of tiie 
peo2)le of the township. 



406 



THE TO WIs' SHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



On the 30th of May, 1874, the trustees of Bedford 
contracted with David Law, of Willoughby, to build 
a town hall at the village, for $13,500. The hall was 
subsequently seated and furnished, making the entire 
cost about ^15,000. Tlie building is three stories 
high, with a Mansard roof of figured slate, and has a 
very attractive appearance. The lower stoi'y is fitted 
up for townsh'p offices, and has a room in which the 
general meetings are held. It was first occupied for 
this purpose in the spring of 1875. The second story 
forms a public hall, for lectures, concerts, and other 
occasions; and the third story has been fitted up by 
the Masons for the use of their order. The hall is an 
appropriate monument to the enterprise and progres- 
sive spirit of the people of Bedford. 

PlIiLIC TUOROUGUFARES. 

The first roads of Bedford were merely underbrushed 
paths, but afterwards, when the township was organ- 
ized, the people went to work in earnest to improve 
them. The State road, passing through the township 
diagonally from southeast to northwest, was built 
about 1830, and at once became a popular thorough- 
fare, and is still the prinei})al highway of the town- 
ship. The other highways were in due time improved, 
the low places being turupiked. At present the roads 
are in a very fine condition, and in 1879 were in 
charge of the following supervisors: William Trimple, 
C. Wright, Ceorge Nichols, J. H. Stohlman, George 
Laing, David Winders, James Rees, D. Wells and 
Amos Allen. 

In the spring of 1849 ground was broken in Bed- 
ford for the Cleveland and Pittsburg railroad, aud 
in 1852 the road was fully opened for traffic. It has 
a length in Bedford of about seven miles, and at the 
village a good station has been provided. The rail- 
road bridge across Tinker's creek is a very fine piece 
of massive stone masonry, more than one hundred 
feet high. About the same time that the railroad was 
built, the Twinsburg and Bedford plank road was 
constructed; aud at a little later date the Cleveland 
and Mahoning railroad was opened through the north- 
eastern part of the township. The plank road was 
abandoned about ISijo. 

I'.EDl'ORI) VILEACJE. 

This is chieily situated on lot forty-six, near the 
center of the township. It is located mainly on the 
north bank of Tinker's creek, which there flows 
through a deep gorge, the sides of which are almost 
perpendicular walls of rock, partly bare aud joartly 
covered with trees aud shrubs, and presenting a very 
picturesque appearance. At a bend of the creek, on 
lot fifty-six, the first effort to start a village was made 
about 1826 by Luther Willis. He was the owner of 
water-jiower which had been employed to operate 
machinery, but beyond the building of a few houses 
nothing resulted from the endeavors of the proi^rietor. 

After 1830 Hezekiah Dunham became the owner 
of a large tract of land farther north, aud mainly o 



lot forty-six, a portion of which he caused to be sur- 
veyed for a village in December, 1834. The plat was 
made by John C. Sill, and embraced a number of 
lots south of the jiresent village park (which was at 
that time devoted to the public use), and west of the 
turnpike road. Lots were also set aside for a hall for 
town meetings, and the several religious societies 
each received a building site. This liberal spirit, 
and other inducements held out by the proprietors, 
caused a number of improvements to be made, neces- 
sitating, in 1836, an addition of lots on the east side 
of the turnpike, which was also made by the Dun- 
hams. Other additions were made by the owners of 
adjoining real estate from time to time, until the 
area of the village has been greatly extended. 

It is not compactly built, and since the Cleveland 
and Pittsburg railroad located a station here, in 1852, 
it has partaken somewhat of the characteristics of a 
suburban village in relation to Cleveland. It is only 
six miles distant from the limits of that city, and has 
a population of about eight hundred. The village 
contains a very fine jjublic hall,' a Methodist, a Disci- 
ple, a Baj)tist and a Presbyterian church, an elegant 
Union School building, a number of comfortable resi- 
dences, and the various establishments inentioned a 
little further on. 

Bedford was incorporated according to the provis- 
ions of an act of the general assembly, passed March 
15, 1837, which set forth "that so much of the 
townshij) of ]?edford, in the county of Cuyahoga, as 
herein described, viz.: The whole of lots forty-five, 
forty-six and fifty-six, and that part of lot fifty-five 
which lays northeast of Tinker's creek; also a strip 
thirty-two rods width off the south end of lot thirty- 
six, and a strip of thirty-two rods width off the south 
end of lot thirty-five, west as far as the west line of 
Justus Remington's laud, be and the same is hereby 
created a town corjiorate, and shall hereafter be known 
by the name and title of the 'Town of Bedford.'" 
An election of a mayor, a recorder, and five trustees 
was ordered to be holden the following April, aud 
yearl}' thereafter. The mayor chosen was George M. 
Payne; the recorder, David B. Dunham. 

All the records prior to 1860 have been destroyed 
by fire, so that no complete list of officers can be 
given. The village allowed its first charter to lapse, 
and on the 3d day of May, 1852, a new act of incor- 
poration was granted, with the limits before given, 
which yet remain as originally fixed. 

Since 1859 the principal officers have been as fol- 
lows: 1860, J. C. Cleveland, mayor; A. M. Whita- 
ker, recorder. 1861, J. C. Cleveland, mayor; W. L. 
Lord, recorder. 1862, L. D. Benedict, mayor; C. 
A. Ennis, recorder. 1863 & 64, F. H. Cannon, mayor; 
S. P. Gray, recorder. 1865. B. J. Wheelock, mayor; 
Sidney Smith, recorder. 1866, R. C. Smith, mayor; 
H. Freeman, recorder. 1867, A. J. Wells, mayor; 
Sidney Sniitii, recorder. 1868, Benjamin Lemoin, 
mayor; Sidney Smith, recorder. 1869 to 1873, C. 
A. Ennis, mayor; A. M. Whitaker, recorder. 1874 



BEDFORD. 



40: 



to 1875, C. A. Ennis, mayor; L. P. Whitaker, re- 
corder. 187fi to 1877, D. B. Dunham, mayor; W. 
S. Warner, recorder. 1878, V. A. Taylor, mayor; 
W. S. Warner, recorder. 

In 1S79 the village ofScers were as follows: V. A. 
Taylor, mayor; W. S. Warner, recorder; M. L. Ilil- 
liard, C. B. Marble, J. C. Nelson, C. A. Ennis, John 
II. Gause, J. H. Lamson, couucilmen; Robert Forbes, 
treasurer; II. P. Bredes, marshal. A tax of three 
and one-half mills was levied on the valuation of the 
village for all the purposes of the corporation in 1879. 

I'OST OFFIf!E, STORES AND HOTELS. 

The Bedford post office dates from about 182G. 
Zilia Willis was the first postmaster. His successor 
in 1833 was D. B. Dunham, who held the office until 
1S42. At that time there was one mail per day, by 
stage; the arrival varied from two to ten hours, ac- 
cording to the condition of the roads. The successors 
of Mr. Dunham have been J. P. Robinson, R. D. 
Benedict, Leverett Tarbell, Levi Marble, and the pres- 
ent postmaster, Charles B. Marble. The office enjoys 
good mail privileges. 

The first store in the village, and also the first in 
the township, was opened by David B. Dunham, in 
November, 1831, in a building which stood at the 
forks of the road, opposite the present hotel. He 
occupied that building eight years, when he removed 
to a fine stone block, which stood just north of his 
present residence, and which was occupied by him 
when it was destroyed by fire in June, 1878. In tliat 
building was transacted, for a number of years, a 
business which aggregated more than ^100,000 per 
year, and which made Bedford one of the best trading 
])oints in the county, outside of Cleveland. Other 
prt)ininent merchants have been F. II. Cannon, J. P. 
Robinson, W. B. llillman. Paddock & Esselstyne, 
(leorge M. Payne, Zaehariah Paddock, Chester Ham- 
ilton, Watson I. Gray, M. B. Dawson, Leverett Tnr- 
liell, A. H. Comstock, James Thompson, L. D. 
Hathaway, L. P. Gray, etc. The present merchants 
are Newman Robinson, since 1845; Robert Forbes, 
since 18G5; C. B. Marble, L. C. Hains, Joseph Ilains, 
C. H. Dustin and J. R. Tudor & Co. 

Enoch Allen had the first public house in the vil- 
lage, about 1820, near the present chair factories. He 
was followed by Amos Belden and others. In 1832 
Calvin Barnes put up a good hotel, north of the park 
which was widely known as the "Checkered House." 
Among other keepers were Silas Gray and George 
Lathrop. In 1871 the house was destroyed by fire, 
ill 1S32, also, the present "Fountain House" was- 
liuilt by Levi Marble, who kept it a few years, and 
was followed by Abner Heston and others. The 
present proprietor is Charles Turner, and it is thi 
only hotel in the i)lace. Formerly hotels were kept 
in the stone block and at other places; the village 
luiving, at one time, had five public houses. 



PHYSICIANS AND THE PRESS. 

Dr. J. M. Turner, who came about 1828 iind lived 
a little south of the village, was the first physician 
and was in practice about five years. Dr. Charles 
Goodrich came about 1830, but fell a victim to the 
cholera in 1833; Dr. J. P. Robinson was in practice 
from January, 1833, till his removal to Cleveland in 
1805. Dr. D. G. Streetereame in 184.5, and remained 
until his death, October, 1878, and Dr. S. M. Tarbell 
was one of his contemporaries. Others, formerly in 
jiractice, were Doctors A. W. Oliver, Noble H. E^inney, 

Brainard, Gerold and B. M. Hutchinson. 

The present physicians are Doctors C. M. Ilawley, 

N. A. Dalrymplc Daniels, and N. B. Ai'mstrong. 

The veteran Dr. T. Garlick, for many years one of 
Cleveland's most eminent surgeons, is a retired citi- 
7,en of the village. 

In 1838 John Ilammon, of Ravenna, began the 
publication of the Bedford Intdliyencer, a small sheet 
devoted to local news and the interests of the Demo- 
cratic party. In five years it was discontinued, and 
the place has since been without a paper. 

MANUFACTURING INTERESTS. 

Tlie first manufacturing in the township was on 
Tinker's creek, near the line of Independence. tSome- 
time about 1815 two men, ntimed Adams and Starr, 
put up a sawmill and a gristmill, both small, at a 
point about thirty rods above the mills now situated 
in that locality. The first mills were suffered to go 
down, and in 1820 Culverson and Boland improved 
the present site. The mills erected by them soon 
after became the property of Moses Gleeson, and have 
since been operated by him and his family. 

About 1831 Daniel Benedict built a sawmill, and 
soon after a carding machine, on Tinker's creek, near 
the State road, at Bedford village. These were de- 
stroyed by fire, but on the site there is now a saw- 
mill, belonging to Henry Wick. Below this jioint 
Luther Willis built mills in 1825, which are at pre- 
sent operated by Levi Marble. Near by is a building 
in which blinds were formerly made and which, at a 
later day, was a chair factory, but which is at present 
little used. 

Farther down the stream, and just inside the cor- 
porate limits of Bedford village, Stephen C. Powers 
built aud set in operation a woolen factory, in 1842, 
which was in operation about fifteen years. Here, 
also, was formerly a sawmill; but at present the 
power is unemployed. In 1843 a pail factory was 
built by Lee Lord and E]iioch Allen, which was car- 
ried on successfully a few years but was then de- 
stroyed by fire. Formerly a brush factory gave em- 
ployment to a number of men, but after a short 
season it was removed. 

As early as 1832 Allen Robinette put up a small 
tannery which, since 1840, has been carried on by 



408 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Hinman Robinson. About 1845 Robinson & Hill- 
man engaged in tanning on a large scale, but after a 
few years operation the enterprise was abandoned. 
Al)out 1840 Comstock, Kirkham & Dickey put up a 
foundry near tlie creek, which was burned. It was 
subsequently rebuilt near the railroad, where it re- 
mained in operation until 1868, when it was again 
destroyed by fire. 

In 1866 the citizens of Bedford formed themselves 
into an association for the purpose of establishing a 
rolling mill. A large capital stock was subscribed, 
and H. N. Slade chosen the first president. A good 
mill was built near the railroad bridge, in which from 
fifty to seventy-five hands were employed. The mill 
became the property of E. W. John about 18G9, and 
subsequently was owned by the " Leetonia Iron and 
Coal Company," which also failed. After standing 
idle a few years, it was purchased by parties resi- 
dent in Massillon, who removed it to that place, 
where it is now in operation. During the time it was 
carried on at Bedford, it is estimated the place sus- 
tained a direct and indirect loss of more than two 
hundred thousand dollars, Avhich was chargeable to 
that source, while the benefit derived from it was very 
slight. 

A machine shop for general iron work was built 
about 1854 by M. A. Purdy & Son, near the above 
site, which was last carried on by C. Purdy. In July, 
1875, the establishment was totally destroyed by fire. 

THE BEDFORD CHAIR FACTORIES. 

These have for many years been among the princi- 
pal industries of the place, and arc the only ones 
which have survived the mutations of time. In 1851 
B. J. Wheelock began the manufacture of cane-seated 
chairs in the old building by the mill, having at 
first a force of five men. Changes in the firm fol- 
lowed, and the capacity of the shop was largely in- 
creased, more than twenty men being employed. In 
1855 B. J. Wheelock and L. P. Osborne built a large 
factory on the hill north of the old establishment, the 
latter being continued meanwhile by Lord, Park & 
Co. and others. In 1858 the new shops were en- 
larged by the firm of Wheelock & Wright, and about 
the same time M. A. Purdy & Son erected a new 
shop devoted to the chair business, in the same locali- 
ty, and operated it a number of years. In 1867 the 
different chair manufacturers in the village united 
their interests and formed the Bedford Chair Com- 
pany. Another building was then erected to connect 
the two factories on the hill, the establishment then 
being made to assume the shape it now has. At thai 
time about fifty men were employed. At present the 
factory is operated by Wheelock & Co., on a mort 
limited scale, in the manufacture of single cane-seated 
work only. 

As early as 1833 Benjamin Fitch carried on tlu 
manufacture of splint-bottom chairs at his home in 
the northern part of the township, on lot fifteen. 
Here W. 0. Taylor learned the chair-maker's trade. 



and in 1844 began work on his own account. In 
1863 he erected a shop in this locality, in which he 
shortly after began the manufacture of cane-seated 
chairs, although still continuing to make sj)lint work. 
In 1874 his factory was removed to Bedfoi'd village, 
where the business has since been very successfully 
carried on by W. O. Taylor & Son. At present they 
occujiy a large building more than one hundred feet 
long, with several capacious wings, in which sixty 
men are employed, nearly as many more persons 
being given employment outside of the factory, in 
weaving and braiding chair seats. The work of this 
factory has attained a wide reputation, and in 1876 
was awarded the medal at the Centennial Exhiljition. 
More than forty styles of single and double-seated 
cane work are made, and the demand for the wares of 
the factory is so great that it is taxed to its utmost to 
supjjly it. 

EDUCATIONAL INTERESTS. 

The records of the township are silent in regard to 
the early condition of the public'schools, nothing of 
interest but a list of teachers prior to 1840 being 
obtainable. This includes the names of Miss Barnes, 
H. L. Sill, C. Ruggles, R. Root, W. Johnson, D. 
Baldwin, M. Smith, Polly Allen, Betsey Predner, 
Mary Ann Sill, Laura Gould, Mary McCartney, 
Mariah Peck and L. Ruggles. In 1848 there were 
eleven districts in the township, having an aggregate 
of six hundred and sixty-two children of school age. 
The school fund amounted to $665.40. 

Thirty years later there were two fractional dis- 
tricts and eight sub-districts, in addition to the Union 
School of Bedford village. Not including the latter, 
the expenditure for school purposes were 13,441.56. 
Thirty-three weeks of school were maintained, and 
the aggregate enrollment was one hundred and ninety- 
six boys and one hundred and seventy-five girls. The 
average attendance was nearly three hundred, all the 
scholars being engaged in the study of the common 
branches, except two. The average wages of the 
male teachers was $36.00; of female teachers, $16.50. 
There were eight school houses the value of which 
was set at $10,500. The most of them present an 
attractive appearance on the outside, and are com- 
fortably fitted up on the inside. In 1879 the board 
of education was composed of R. J. Hathaway (Dis- 
trict No. 4), president; W. S. Warner, clerk; Ozro 
Orborne, of District No. 1; A. J. Hansay, of No. 2; 
H. H. Cox, of No. 3; George Laing, of No. 5; F. B. 
McConnor, of No. 6; Leonard Hershey, of No. 7; S. 
S. Drake, of No. 8. 

BEDFORD VILLAGE UNION SCHOOL. 

The district was originally organized to embrace 
only the territory within the corporate limits of the 
village, but in 1874 the bounds were extended so as 
to include all of lots thirty-six, thirty-seven, forty- 
four, forty-five, forty-six, fifty-three, fifty-four, fifty- 
five, fifty-six and parts of thirty-five, forty-seven. 



BEDFORD. 



409 



fifty-seven, 'sixty-five, sixty-six and sixty-seven. In 
1873 tlie present school building was erected, under 
liie direction of a board of education composed of 
Robert Forbes, R. Motfatt and W. H. Wlieelock, and 
was ready for occupancy in the early part of 1874. 
It is a very handsome edifice of bi'ick, forty by fifty. 
six feet, two stories liigh, with basement, and cost 
!j 15,000. There are four rooms, but at present only 
three are occupied for school purjioses. The schools 
were attended by two hundred and forty-one pupils 
in IS7S, I he average ^attendance being two hundred 
and live. Tiiirty-eiglit weeks of school were main- 
tained at a cost of nearly ^l.GOd, under tlie lu-ineiiiai- 
siiip of R. C. Smith. 

Since 1877 the board of education has been com- 
posed of six persons. The present members are J. 
W. Dertiiwick, jiresident; N. L. Hillard, secretary; 
Robert Forbes, treasurer: W. T. Wheelock, M. B. 
Dawson and .7. F. Hently. 

RELKilOUS SOCIETIES. 

Soon after 1830 several religious societies were 
formed in Bedford, which failed to maintain their or- 
ganization more than a few years. There being no 
ciuircli building in the place, a small framed meeting 
house was erected about this period by Mrs. Fanny 
Willis, which was the first place of worship of the 
several societies organized before 1841. 

The Disciples were the first to form a society that 
proved permanent. In ^fay, 1830, Rev. E. Williams 
visited the village to preach, and for some time came 
every month thereafter. In August Noel C. Barnum 
was baptized by Mr. Williams, and in April, 1831, 
Enoch Allen and six others received the same rite, 
{'reaching was continued by Rev. Messrs. Williams, 
William Hayden, J. J. Moss and others, and in 
Di'cendjer, 1833, was organized 

THE CIILIU 11 i)V CHIMST tX liEDFOIil), 

will) twenty members ami the following oHicers: Thos. 
Marble, overseer; Enoch Allen and George M. Payne, 
deacons. The following year these were under the min- 
istrations of the Rev. A. B. Green. In 1834 Rev. J. J. 
Moss became a resident of Bedford, and for five years 
taught and preached from iiouse to iiouse. In 1837 
a great revival prevailed whereby thirty-two persons 
were added to the momiiershii) of the church. In 
1835 Enoch Allen and Allen Robinette were elected 
overseers; Samuel Barnes, N. 0. ISarnum and W. W. 
Walker, deacons. 

Tiie church has enjoyed numerous revivals; in 1843 
receiving one hundred and six additions, and in 1848 
tifly-fouradditions — among them being thirty persons 
who iiad formerly lielonged to the Baptist church. In 
18.">->, under the preaching of Rev. A. B. (Jreen, one 
liuudred and fifteen persons joined at one meeting. 
'I'he aggregate memliershii) has been very large, reacli- 
ing nearly twenty-live hundreil; and from the Bedford 
socriety have originated fifty churches in various parts 
of the country. At present there are three hundred 



and twenty-five resident, and one hundred non-resi- 
dent members. Among those who have originated 
here as ministers were Irvin A. Searles, Theo. John- 
son, Burdette Goodale, Alonzo Dunham, J. P. Rob- 
inson, William Robinson, Charles F. Bartlett, Sidney 
Smith, and a number of others who expound the 
Word at home. 

The elders of the church have been, in the order 
of their election: Thomas Marble, Allen Robinette, 
Enoch Allen, Sidney Smith, James Young, C. F. 
Bartlett, R. S. Benedict, S. F. Lockwood, James 
Egbert,* W. H. Millman, A. T. Hubbell, Alonzo 
Drake,* R. J. Hathaway,* Hiram Woods and A. C. 
Hubbell; and the deacons have been Enoch Allen, 
(ieorge M. Payne, Samuel Barnes, N. C. Barnum, 
W. W. Walker, A. Gray, Charles F. Bartlett, George 
Comstock, Silvan F. Lockwood, Augustiu Collins, 
Silas A. Hathaway, Daniel Gould, N. P. Benedict, 
Lee Lord, J. S. Benedict, A. T. Hubbell, D. D. Rob- 
inson, N. A. Egbert, Augustus Rincar,* W. AV. 
Wells, M, B. Dawson, J. W. Derthwick,* J. M. Eg- 
bert,* V. A. Taylor,* and Johnson McFarland.* 

In 1856 the church employed its first pastor (the 
ministers until that ])eriod having been evangelists), 
the Rev. J. 0. Beardsley, who afterwards became a 
foreign missionary. His successors in the pastoral 
office have been J. H. Jones, James H. Woods, A. B. 
Green, R. Moffit, W. L. Anderson, W. J. Sharp, S. 
W. Brown, L. Cooley, and E. D. Barclay the jnesent 
pastor. 

The meeting-house was erected in 1838. It has 
since been much enlarged and improved, being at 
present a very handsome edifice the value of which is 
estimated at six thousand dollars. The present trustees 
are Alonzo Drake, V. A. Taylor, Johnson McFar- 
land, John AVay, Milo Hathaway, F. R. Hamlin and 
S. J. Clark; E. A. Ennis is clerk of the board. 

Many years :igo Dr. J. P. Robinson was the super- 
intendent of a flourishing Sunday-school, which has 
been continued with unabated interest until the 
present time. It has one hundred and twenty-five 
members, R. J. Hathaway being the suiierintendent. 

For nearly twenty years the board of managers of 
the Ohio Missionary Society were located at Bedford; 
Dr. J. P. Robinson being the chairman, and James 
Egbert, the treasurer. In later years the meetings 
have l)een held at Cleveland. 

IIII'; lIKSr UAI'TIST <IIUUC:iI IX liEDVOIU). 

Tiiis religious body was oiganizcd November 18, 
1834, with the following members: Stephen Rusco, 
William Wing, Salome Rusco, Pliebe Ilotclikiss, 
Isabella Thomas, Silvan P. Lockwood, Ambrose K. 
Lockwood, Fanny Willis, Mary Roliinson, JIarinda 
Ilolcoml), Clarissa Dunham, Hannah Wing, Lucretia 
Hanunond and John Hammond, by the Rev. S. R. 
Willard, who also became the first jjastor. Stephen 
Rusco was elected the first clerk, and Silvan P. Lock- 



410 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



wood and John Hammond, the first deacons. In 
September, 1835, the church became connected with 
the Portage Association, sending as delegates the 
pastor, Eer. Mr. Willard, Deacon Hammond and 
Stephen Rnsco. 

In 183G John Hammond resigned his deaeonship, 
and John Brainard was chosen in his place. The 
latter resigned in 1843, and George Morse, John Ham- 
mond and Newman Robinson were elected. Augustus 
Pease also served in this capacity. The present dea- 
cons are Newman Robinson and Daniel Cook. 

The second pastor of the church was the Rev. E. 
IT. Holley, wlio assumed that relation in February, 
1842. The succeeding pastors, with the year in which 
each began his service, have been as follows: 1844, 
Rev. W. Levisse; 1846, Rev. W. G. Johnson; 1850, 
Rev. Mr. Simonds; 1851, A. Freeman; 1855. Rev. 
Alonzo Wadhams; 1857, Rev. E. A. Turner; 1859, 
Rev. Mr. Page; 18G0, Rev. Mr. Heath; 1861, Rev. 
J. L. Phillips; 1864, Rev. Mr. Haven; 1866, Rev. J. 
B. Hutton; 1867, Rev. G. W. Scott; 1869, Rev. F. 
Tolhurst; 1875, Rev. Mr. Stephenson; 1876, Rev. S. 
Early, who j'ct continues as a supply, and is also su- 
perintendent of a Sunday school which has two hun- 
dred members. The church reports ninety-five mem- 
bers. 

In 1839 the present church edifice was erected, and 
on the 19th of February, 1840, it was consecrated by 
the Rev. Levi Tucker. It has since been repaired, 
and is still a comfortable place of worship. The 
present trustees are Geo. Cowan, Newman Robinson 
and Frederick Harter. 

THE BEDFORD METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

Abont 1833 a class of Methodists was formed at 
Bedford, having among its mendjcrs N. C. Haines, 
his wife, Rachel, and daughter, Polly; Benjamin 
Fitch and wife, Daniel Benedict and wife, and others 
who had formerly belonged to tlie Reformed Metho- 
dists. Revs. N. C. Haines and Baldwin, acting 

in the capacity of local preachers, were the first min- 
isters of the class, which did not increase very rapidly 
in membership. After ministers were sent here by 
the conference, the services were held in the Willis 
meeting house, which afterwards became the property 
of the Methodists, and was moved by them to its 
present location. In a remodeled condition it forms 
a pleasant place of worship, valued at S!2,500. The 
present trustees are S. M. Hammond, Edward Cork- 
ill, A. M. Whitakcr, G. C. Tinker, J. W. Hickman 
and W. T. Wheelock. 

The church has at present about one hundred mem- 
bers, and the following stewards: G. C. Tinker, J. R. 
Tudor, W. AV. Corkill and A. J. Loockwood. The 
pastor since September, 1878, has been the Rev. A. 
T. Copeland. Among other Methodist clergy here 
were the Revs. Alfred Bronson, S. Warrallo, Ira 



Eddy, L. D. Prosser, J. K. Hallock, W. F. Wilson, 
M. H. Bettis, W. French, A. Hall, J. H. Tagg, D. 
M. Stevens, W. F. Day, L. Clark, A. Foutz, Cyril 
Wilson, Michael Williams, C. F. Kingsbury, S. Gregg, 
B. J. Kennedy, B. C. Warner, A. M. Brown, B. F. 
Wade, J. Beetham and J. H. Merchant. 

A flourishing Sunday school is maintained by the 
church, with S. M. Hammond as superintendent. 

THE BEDFORD PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. 

The house of worship of this body was erected in 
1861, by a congregation whicb had been formed pre- 
vious to that date by the Revs. F. I. Brown and 
John Andrews, of the Wooster presbytery. There 
were sixteen members, and Milton A. Purdy and B. 
J. Wheelock were the first ruling elders. Before the 
meeting house was built. Rev. William Campbell be- 
came the first pastor, the services being held in 
Hutchinson hall and other places. He served the 
church in connection with that of Northfield, and 
the subsequent pastoi's were also in the employ of 
both churches. These were the Rev. William B. 
Marsh and the Rev. William Hamilton, D.D. After 
the latter confined his labors solely to the Northfield 
church, many of the members in the southern jiart of 
the township withdrew from the Bedford church and 
connected themselves with the former body. Others 
removed, and the church was left so weak that for 
the ])ast six years the meeting house has been unoc- 
cupied. 

Other religious societies have had a brief existence 
at Bedford village and in the western part of the 
township, where a meeting house was erected on Dun- 
ham street, but all have now become extinct. 

BEDFORD LODGE NO. 375, F. AND A. M. 

Tliis lodge received a dispensation October IT, 
18G6, and a year later was duly chartered with tlie 
following members: J. B. Hains, C. N. Hamlin, E. 
C. Smith, A. A. Benedict, W. H. Sawyer, Levi Case, 
Enoch Allen, A. J. Wells, J. J. Brittan S. S. Peck, 
L. C. Hains, Samuel Patrick, E. Cowles and H. H. 
Palmer. The officers were J. B. Hains, W. M. ; L. 
C. Hains, J. W.; S. S. Peck, secretary; B. F. Lillie, 
treasurer; E. J. Parke, J. D.: M. T. Canfield, S. D., 
and F. Mighton, tyler. The lodge has had one hun- 
dred and eleven members, and at present reports 
fifty-five. In 1874 the upper story of the town hall 
was fitted up for lodge purposes, at a cost of 11,500. 
The size of the main hall is thirty by thirty-six feet; 
the size of that and the banquet hall is thirty-six by 
seventy feet. The present ofiicers are S. S. Peck, W. 
M.; S. H. Gleeson, S. W.; William Golling, J. W.; 
E. H. Hammond, secretary; C. B. JMarble, treasurer; 
J. C. Nelson, S. D.; William Klancr, J. D.. and H. 
Conant, tyler. 




Hon. Theodore Breck is a descendant of the old Puri- 
tan families of New England, and boasts ancestors who 
were prominently identified with the early history of the 
State of Massachusetts. His father, John Breck, was a 
native of Northampton, Mass., and was, in company with 
his brothers, engaged at Boston in the importation of iron. 
He served in the army during the war of 1812, and was 
commander of the forces stationed at Fort Independence, 
Bo.ston harbor. He was one of the original purchasers of 
the Western Reserve lands from the State of Connecticut, 
and upon its division among the diti'erent proprietors w.is 
allotted parts of townships in the various counties. In the 
town named after him in Cuyahoga County he originally 
held the litledeeds for one-half of its territory. He died 
in 1827. Theodore Brock's mother, Clarissa (who died in 
1831), was the daughter of llev. Thomas Allen, the first 
settled minister of Pittsfield, Mass. ; a man of strong and 
deep religious principles and very patriotic during the Revo- 
lutionary war. When Gen. Burgoyne was marching to 
invade Vermont, Mr. .\llen lieard of the approach of the 
British during the Sabbath .service, and thereu|i()n leaving 
his pulpit he hastily formed a company of Minute-Men, and 
hastened to the support of the Americans. Ills son, Wil- 
liam R. Allen, was president of Bowdoin and Dartmouth 
Colleges in the early part of the present century. Rev. 
Thomas Allen's wife, Elizabeth, was a daughter of Rev. 
Jonathan Lee, the first settled pa.stor at Salisbury, Mass. 
His wife, Elizabeth, was the child of Rev. Joseph Metcalf, 
who was united in 1707 to Alice, daughter of Rev. William 
Adams. The latter married, in 16S0, Alice, daughter of 
Maj. William Bradford, who was the son of Governor Wil- 
liam and Alice ( Southworth i Bradford. This shows that 
Theodore Breck is a lineal descendant of one of Massachu- 
setts' early colonial governors. John and Clarissa (Allen) 



Breck had a family of six children, of whom Theodore was 
the third son and child. 

He was born at Northampton, Mass., Nov. 30, 1808. 
Receiving an academical course of study, he spent his youth 
at educational institutions in Hadley and Amherst, Mass. 
After the death of his father, in company with his two sur- 
viving brothers, Edward and John, he moved West to look 
after the large landed interest left by their parent. He 
located at Brecksville in _1830, and became engaged in 
agricultural pursuits and in the mercantile trade, and later 
on became a notary public. His brothers finally settled 
in Brecksville, the elder engaging in the practice of medi- 
cine, the younger in farming. 

Mr. Breck wa.s formerly a member of the old Whig party, 
but joined the Republican party upon its organization, and 
has since been an active and prominent worker in its 
ranks. He has been called to serve as county commissioner, 
1843 to 1846; was appointed to fill the vacancy in the 
same board in 1875 ; was a member of the State Legislii- 
ture of 1846-48 ; member of the Senate of 1860-61, and 
represented his constituents in the G3d General Assembly 
of 1870-77. In all of his political positions he has given 
universal satisfaction and gained the respect of the people 
at large irrespective of party. Mr. Breck is a man ot 
medium height, and though over seventy years of age en- 
joys the best of health. Although never married, he is 
rightly called tlie father of the town of his adoption. His 
hand has always been ready to help, and his purse to al- 
leviate, the wants of the destitute orphan or the desolate 
widow, and though he has no posterity to transmit his name 
to future generations, it will remain green and live in the 
memory of the people of this county for many years to 
come. By his many acts of benevolence and kiudncs.s he 
has erected a monument that will long endure. 



BRECKSVILLE. 



411 



CHAPTER LXX. 

BRECKSVILLE. 

Boundaries— First Proprietor— Soil-First Pioneers--A Garrisoned House 
—Rattlesnakes— Hinckley Hunt— Settlements on the Kiver— At the 
Center— Up Chippewa Creek— In the North— Horse Stealing and Coun- 
terfeiting—Pioneers before 1H2(J — Prominent ^len between 1820 and 
1835— First Oflleers— Items from the Town Book— List of OfBcers— 
Town Hall— Tax of 1ST8— A Log Grist-Mill— Other Mills at the Center 
—Saw-Mills on the Chippewa— The old Fulling Mill- Tanneries and 
Distilleries— Village of Brecksville— Its Post Office- Stores and Hotels 
— Schools — First Congregational Church— Methodist Church. 

Brp:cksville is in the southernmost tier of town- 
ships in the county. The C'uyiihogii river forms its 
eastern boundary, and beyond it lies the township of 
Northfield, in Summit county. On the south is the 
township of Riclitield, also in Summit county; while 
on tiie west and north lie the townships of Royalton 
and Independence in Cuyahoga county. It received 
its name from Robert and John Breck, two of the 
proprietors, who owned it in common with Reuben 
Dre.sscr, Lemuel and Asahel Pomeroy, Ebenezer Hunt, 
Asa White and Welch & Hinckley. The townshiji 
contains seventeen thousand one hundred and fifty- 
six acres of land, tlie surface of which is broken by 
high hills and dee[) hollows in the eastern and cen- 
tral parts; but in the south and the west forms an 
elevated plain. It was originally covered with a 
heavy growth of timber, and in some localities a lib- 
eral supi)ly of the common forest trees may yet be 
found. 

Tiie soil varies from a stiff clay to a sandy loam and 
is most adapted to the raising of tlie various grains 
and grasses, the latter being the principal product. 
Dairying largely engages the attention of the people, 
although much mixed husbandry prevails. The 
princi])al stream, aside from the Cuyahoga, is Chij)- 
pewa creek, with its tributary brooks. That creek 
tlows east through the township, a little north of its 
center. It has a small but fertile valley and in some 
localities its banks form high and almost perpendicu- 
lar walls of shale, while in others the channel is an 
unbroken mass of sandstone, its banks being fringed 
with evergreens and tangle wood, which gives them 
a wild and picture.'-(pie ajipearance. It affords a lim- 
ited water jxiwcr. 

I'loNKKU si:tti.i:i;s. 

Hieeksville was surveyed in Isll l,y Alfred Wolcott. 
Es((., and in June of that year the first settlement 
in the township w-as made, by Seth Paine and Mel- 
zar Clark, who came from Western Massachusetts. 
Tlie former located on lot sixty-four, in the extreme 
southwesrern part of the township, and died there 
before 1818. He had a family of two sous — Oliver 
X. and S. White — and two daughters. One of them, 
.\lmira, married Melzar Clark, who soon after re- 
moved to Royalton. After his death the widow mar- 
ried Henry Bangs of that township. 

At the breaking out of the war of 1812 the few iii- 
liabitants, for a time, kept up a little garrison at the 
house of Seth Paine, but as the rumors of Indian 
hostilities became more alarming most of the people 



fled to Hudson, where they remained until the danger 
was over. After the war only a few straggling In- 
dians were seen, and these soon abandoned the 
country, leaving the settlers in undisturbed posses- 
sion of their homes. 

These were of logs, often without a nail or board, 
and contained but the sinii)lest furniture and house- 
hold utensils. A single article was often made to do 
service for cooking, baking and washing, and it is 
said that, in the absence of any other vessel, one of 
the pioneer mothers was obliged to milk her cow into 
a jug. Rattlesnakes were unusually abundant in the 
township, and would sometimes intrude themselves 
through the puncheon floors of the cabins of those 
living near the Chippewa — as many as thirteen of 
those unpleasant reptiles having been killed in one 
place. 

Game, also, was very abiiiulaut. We have described 
the great Hinckley hunt on page sixty-six of the o-en- 
eral history, but we add a few facts not known when 
that description was written. It originated at the 
house of Seth Paine, in this township, in December, 
1818. A meeting was held and officers appointed; 
Cary Oakes being captain for Brecksville, John Ferris 
captain for Royalton, Judge John Newton for Rich- 
field, and 'Squire Freyer for Brunswick. As remem- 
bered in Brecksville, the number of deer killed was 
three hundred and sixty-five; of bears, seventeen; of 
wolves, five. These figures differ a little from those 
j)reviously given, but either set shows a very good 
day's work. 

In 1811 another settlement was made in the north- 
eastern part of the township, by Benoni Brown and 
Samuel, Almon and Charles AVolcott; most of whom 
moved away at an early date, the former going to 
Bedford township. The following year Edward John- 
sou, a native of Pennsylvania, located on the river 
above the settlement just mentioned, rearing there 
six sons, named Andrew, Joseph, George, AVilliam, 
John and Thomas, some of whom yet live in the 
township. About tlie same time William Moody, 
Thomas Timmins and John Breen located in the 
same neighborhood. The latter lived at the mouth 
of the Chippewa and had four sons, named John, 
Josejih, David and Cyrus. Andrew Dillon was also 
an early settler on the river. His sons growing to 
mature years were George, Peter and James. About 
the time the canal was built many deaths were caused 
in tliis locality by billions diseases. 

On the 1st day of January, 1812, Waller Wait and 
his brother-in-law expectant, Lemuel Bourne, built 
the third house in the township, near the present 
center, raising the walls that day and completing it 
soon after, without using any boards or nails. Al- 
though in midwinter, the weather was very pleasant, 
and they did not suffer in consefpience of having to 
live several days without doors or windows to their 
cabin. AVait soon after moved away, but Bourne set- 
tled south of the center, where he resided until his 
death, in 1874, at the age of eighty-three years. He 



412 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



had three sons, named William, Isaac and Eawson; 
and two dangliters, named Harriet and Mary. The 
same season John Wait, Chester Wait and Benjamin 
Wait also settled in tliat part of tlie township. The 
last named was the first adult that died in the town- 
ship, and in 1813 the wife of John Wait became the 
mother of the first child — a son, who on reaching 
manhood moved to Michigan. 

About the same time Bolter Colson settled in the 
south part of the township, where he resided until 
1878. He had five sons, Orrin, Chandler, Ljman, 
Thomas and Newton, the last two being still residents 
of the township. 

To the center of Bi-ecksville came, in 1813, Lemuel 
Hoadley and Hosea Bradford, the former building- 
there the first mill in the township, the following year. 
Bradford, who was a shoemaker, lived on the public 
square. Both removed to Olmstead in the course of 
eight or ten years. Up the Cliippewa Eli and Abijah 
Bagley located the same year. The latter had two 
sons, named Russia and Nathaniel. John Adams, Eu- 
fus Newell and Aruna Phelps were also settlers of the 
townshij), about this period, in the Chippewa Valley. 

In 1813 Aaron Rice, with a large family, moved 
from Franklin county, Massachusetts, to the south- 
western part of the township. He had seven sons, 
named Silas, Aaron, Seth, William, Moses, Myron 
and Peter, and three daughters. His son-in-law, 
Ebenezer Rice, came soon after. The latter had three 
sons, named Dexter, Ebenezer and Aiken. Joseph 
and Oliver Edgartou came a year or two later. The 
former had a numerous family, the sons being Joseph, 
Elias, Erastus, Oliver, and Onick and Austin (twins). 

Calvin, Cary and William Oakes came with their 
families by ox-teams from Massachusetts in 1816, the 
journey consuming forty-two days. Cary Oaks had 
five sons, named Caleb, Henry, Francis, Isaac and 
Cary. The sous of William Oakes were George and 
William. The same j-ear came Josiah Wilcox and his 
sons Ebba, Ambrose and Orrin, also from Massachu- 
setts. Ebba Wilcox had a son named Freeborn. 
Ambrose died in 1834, leaving four sons, named Ed- 
win, Whitney, Miller and Charles. Orrin had one 
son named Josiah. 

Asa Fenn lived in the same neighborhood, and also 
died in 1834. He had three sons, Arnon, Plympton 
and Learno. The same year died Aaron Barnes, an- 
other early settler in that neighborhood, who had two 
sons named Giles and Jesse. In the southern part of 
the township Lyman J. Frost was one of the earliest 
settlers, and a short time later John Pomeroy and Eli 
Osborn were added to the list of pioneers. 

In 1817 Jedediah Meach settled in the northern part 
of the township, and about the same time came Dan- 
iel O'Brian. Both moved away, but the following j'ear 
Dr. Isaac M. Morgan came to that locality and resided 
there until his death. He had three sons, Charles, 
Harris and Consider. A son of the latter, Moses I., 
now occupies the homestead. Jacob Fuller and his 
sons Abel, Mathew, Calvin, Quartus, Willis and Sam- 



uel, Warren Cole, George W. Marsh, and William, 
Samuel, Isaac and Abel Yarney, were all early settlers 
in the northern and western part of the township. 

On the Warren Cole place, which is at present oc- 
cupied by Emmet Boyd, afterward lived G. B. Sper- 
ring, whose connection with a gang of horse thieves 
and counterfeiters made his place a resort of vicious 
characters, and a receptacle of stolen property at hours 
of the night when his more honest neighbors were 
asleep. At home Sperring maintained an eminent 
respectability, but he was at last suspected and ar- 
rested. While being taken to Cleveland he effected 
his escape to Canada. On his farm was discovered 
an underground stable for secreting stolen horses, 
and in the house were many evidences of the manu- 
facture of counterfeit money. 

West of this place Daniel Green settled about 1818, 
and lived there until his removal to Sandusky. He 
had three sons, named AVilliam G., John L. and 
Charles. A few years later Joseph Hollis, from St. 
Lawrence county. New York, settled in this neigh- 
borhood, but removed to Seneca county. He had 
two sons named Giles and George W., the latter be- 
ing at present a resident at the center. At this place 
in 1817 settled Josei^h, Allen and Alexander Harrow; 
the latter being the father of Nathan, John and 
Alvah Darrow, all of whom moved away, though 
some are now living in adjoining townships. At a 
little later period Ezra Wyatt settled at the center, 
and jiurchased the interest of Lemuel Hoadly in the 
mill projierty. He had five sons, named Nathaniel, 
Eliphalet, Darius, James and Lorenzo, some of whom 
yet live in the county. 

Besides the foregoing there were among the pio- 
neers of Brecksville, before 1826, David ilcCreary, 
Orrin Abbott, Joseph Burnhnm, Thomas Patrick, 
Andrew Benton, John Johnson, Chester Narmore, 
John Jenkins, Lewis Adams, Joab Rockwell, Thom- 
as Scott, Gersham Bostwick, Joseph McCreary, John 
G. Joslin, T. C. Stone, Isaac Packard, El isluiTubbs, 
John Pomeroy, Darius Robinson, Johnson Patrick, 
John Guilford, Reuben Durfee, Alonzo Castle, 
Chauncey L. Young, William Breckenridgc, John 
Randall, Robert Donaldson and Jonas Hayncs. 
Among the prominent settlers who were in the town- 
shiji before 183.5, and who have not already been 
named, were David Ring, Edward Rust, Augustus 
Adams, Joseph H. Breck, Theodore Breck, Moses 
Hunt, Yerarms, Lester and Charles Dewey, John 
Day, Hugh Stephenson, John Dunbar, William Good- 
ell, James Foster, Thomas Sanderson Belah Norton, 
Martin Chittenden, Charles B. Bostwick, Edmund 
M. Bartlett, besides others whose names appear in the 
church history. 

CIVIL ORGANIZATION. 

The qualified voters of Brecksville met at the house 
of Eli Bagley, April 3, 1815, to choose townshij) 
officers as follows: 

Trustees, Aaron Rice, Lemuel Hoadley, Edward 




MOSES" HUNT. 



Moses Hunt was born in Stratford, Orange Co., 
Vt, Aug. 5, 1809, and was the youngest son of 
Moses and Judith (Roberts) Hunt, botii of wiiom 
were natives of Vermont, the former being born in 
Hopivinton, Jan. 19, 1774, the latter at Stratford, 
July ;51, 1773. In the winter of 1812 his fatiier 
moved to Northampton, Mass., but being eoni|)elIed 
to gain his livelihood by day lal)or, he was not able 
to give his children any educational advantiiges. 
During his childhood Moses was obliged to live out 
in various families of Hampshire County; but on 
arriving at the age of manhood, seeing no prospects 
of bettering his condition of life in tiie Eastern 
States, he made up his mind to emigrate to the West, 
and in 1833 settled in Brecksville, on a farm of one 
hundred acres. With no other capital except health, 
strength, and ambition he commenced the battle of life. 
The country at that time was a wilderness, and the 
pioneers had many obstacles to overcome, but Mr. 
Hunt, by energy, economy, and industry, prospered. 
He resides at present on his original purchase, which 
he has increased to one hundred and fifty acres, and 
has made farming his sole occupation in life. 

He was married. May 27, 1834, to Emeline, 
daughter of Charles B. and Cynthia Dewey, who 
were early comers to Brecksville, having removed 
from Chesterfield, Hampshire Co., Mass., to tiiat 
town in 1834. Their daughter was born in Spring- 
field, Mass., Oct. 8, 1811. 



Mr. Hunt's parents settled in Brecksville in 1837. 
His father died Dec. 24, 1839, and is buried in the 
town ; his mother returned to Massachusetts, where 
she died in September, 1866, in her ninety-fourth 
year. 

The result of Moses Hunt's marriage was three 
children,oneof whom died in childhood. Chauucey 
P. was born March 31, 1835, and htus been twice 
married, the last time (Nov. 7, 1866) to Harriet S., 
daughter of Lemuel Bourn. 

Mr. Bourn was one of the early settlers of Brecks- 
ville, coming in 1810, prior to which date but one 
family had located there. Chauncey at present re- 
sides at home with his parents. Sarah Emeline was 
born Nov. 26, 1837; is the wife of Louis T. Rust, 
a farmer of Brecksville, and has a family of three 
children. 

In politics Mr. Hunt is a Repul)lican, and although 
often solicited by his fellow-citizens to occupy posi- 
tions in their gift, he has always declined political 
honors. Has been a member of tlie First Presbv- 
terian Clnircji of Brecksville for almost fifty years, 
and has held the office of deacon for about thirty 
years. 

Deacon Hunt is loved and respected by all. 
Though now advanced in years he enjoys the best 
of heidth, and it is the daily wish of friends and 
neighbors that he may be permitted to be among 
them for many years to come. 



BEECKSVILLE. 



413 



Johnson; clerk, John Wait; treasurer, John Adams; 
(■onstable and lister, Ebenozer Rice; poormasters, 
liosca Bradford, Aaron Rice; fence viewers, Eben- 
nev Rice, Walter Wait, Hubert Baker; road super- 
visors, Lemuel Bourne, Hosea Bradford, Hubert 
Baker, Ebenezer Rice. Cliarles Wolcott had been 
elected constable but he refused to serve and was fined 
two dollars, which was applied toward paying for a 
tdwnsliip book, which had been purchased by Lemuel 
lloadley for three dollars and seventy-five cents. We 
tran.-^cribe some further notes from the old township 
books, which may be interesting. 

In March, 181G, Seth Paine's heirs sold an estray 
ox for twenty-five dollars and seventy-five cents, 
charging the townsliip twelve dollars for his keeping, 
'i'iie balance was turned over to the treasurer, who 
ri'(iortetl that he had settled the account of Lemuel 
lloadley, and that there now remained unappropri- 
ated in the treasury, twelve dollars — a very good ex- 
iiibit indeed. At an election held in October, 1815, 
to clioose county officers, seventeen votes were polled. 

In March, 1816, Aaron Rice, Eli Bagley and John 
Wait were chosen grand jurors; Silas Rice and 
Ciiarles AVolcott, petit jurors. A week later the trus- 
tees had a meeting to settle with the road supervisors. 
'I'iiey reported " that Hosea Bradford and Ebenezer 
liice had done their duty, and that Lemuel Bourne 
and Hubert Baker were deficient." 

At an election for justice of the peace, held Febru- 
ary 17, 1817, John Wait received twenty-nine votes; 
Hosea Bradford, one; and Edward Joiinson, one. 

In November, 1817, the overseers of the poor, Cal- 
vin Oakes and Aaron Rice, commanded Silas Rice, 
the constable "to order Hubert Baker to depart from 
tlie township of Brecksville without delay." He 
served the writ, receiving therefor thirty-seven and a 
half cents. Later that season and the following year 
as many as fifteen ])erson wei'c warned to depart from 
the township in order to prevent their becoming ])ul)- 
lic charges. 

From 1815 to the present time (1879) the principal 
officers of the township have been the following: 

ISIO. Trustees, Edward Johnson, Lemuel Hoadley, Hcsea Bradford; 
cltTk. .lohn Wait: treasurer. John Adaius. 

1H17. Trustees, Kdward .Johnson. Lemuel Iloadlej', Wni. Oakes; 
clerk, .Iifhn Wait; treasurer, ilosea Bradford. 

INIS, Trustees, Edward Johnson. Bolter Colson, \Vm, Oakes; clerk, 
John Wail; treasurer, Calvin Oakes. 

ISIH. Trustees. John Jenkins. Isaac M. Morgan, Thomas Patrick; 
clerk, John Wait; treasurer. Alex, narrow. 

1S:J»V Trustees, Edward Johnson. Isaac M. Morgan, Ebba Wilcox; 
clerk. Nathan B. Harrow; treasurer, Alex. Darrow. 

1K2I. Trustees. Edward Johnson, Isaac M. Morgan, Ebba Wilcox; 
clerk. Nathan U. Darrow; treasurer, Edward Johnson. 

IS*.'. Trustees. Edward Johnson, Daniel Green, John Jenkins; clerk 
Martin Chittenden; treasurer, Edward Johnson. 

isas. Trustees, Edward Johnson, Daniel Green, Aaron Rice; clerk, 
John Wait; treasurer Charles Wait. 

ISai. Trustees, Edward Johnson, Daniel Green, Aaron Kice; clerk, 
Isaac Packard; treasurer, Martin Chittenden. 

11^. Trustees, Edward Johnson, Daniel Green, Andrew Dillow; clerk, 
Nathan B. Darrow; treasurer, Martin Chittenden. 

1886. Trustees, Aaron Rice Daniel Green, Andrew Dillow; clerk, 
Johnson Patrick; treasurer. Martin Chittenden. 

1827. Trustees Edward Johnson, Daniel Green, William Oakes; clerk, 
Nathan B. Darrow; treasurer, Charles B. Bostwick. 



1838. Trustees, Andrew McCrary, Daniel Green, William Oakes; 
clerk, William G. Green; treasurer, John Wait. 

1S2'.). Trustees, Andrew McCrary, Aaron Barnes, Aaron Rice, Jr. ; 
clerk, William IJreckenridge; treasurer, Charles B. Bostwick. 

18:W. Trustees, Jacob Fuller, .\aron Barnes, Aaron Rice. Jr.; cli'rk, 
Wm. G. Green; treasurer, Chauncy L. Young. 

18-31. Trustees, Isaac M. 3Iorgan, Andrew Dil.ow, Aaron Rice, Jr. ; 
clerk, Wni. G. Green; treasurer, Chauncy L. Young. 

lK:ia. Trustees. Joseph McCrary, Thomas Patrick, Ebba Wilcox; 
clerk. Wm. G. Green; treasurer, Chauncy L. Young. 

18.3-3. Trustees Joseph JlcCrary, Edward Rust, Belah Noiton; clerk, 
W^m. G. Green; treasurer, Chauncj- Young. 

183-1. Trustees, Andrew Dillow, Ebba ^A ilcox, Aaron Rice. Jr.; clerk, 
Charles Morgan; treasurer, Darius Robinson. 

is:)5. Trustees, James S. Foster, ELba Wilcox, Edmund M. Bartlett; 
clerk, Wm. G, Green; treasurer, Charles Morgan. 

18:W. Trustees, Isaac M- Morgan, Eli Osborne, AsaFenn; clerk, Wm. 
G. Green ; treasurer. Theodore Breck. 

1837. Trustees, Joseph Bardwell, Lemuel Bourne, Charles Morgan; 
clerk, Theo. lireck; treasurer, Daniel Currier. 

IS.38. Trustees, Aaron Rice, Jr., Russia Bayley, Charles Morgan; 
clerk, Theo. Breck; treasurer, Daniel Currier. 

1H3U. Trustees, Aaron Rice, Jr., Wm. Burt, Charles Morgan ; clerk ; 
Theo. Breck; treasurer, Joseph Bardwell. 

1840. Trustees, Aaron Rice, Jr., .\lbert P. Teachout. Charles Morgan; 
clerk. George W. Oakes; treasurer, Joseph Bartlwell. 

1841. Trustees, Aaron Rice Jr., Andrew Dillow, Charles Morgan, 
clerk. George W. Oakes; treasurer, Joseph Bardwell. 

1842. Trustees, Ebba Wilcox, Samuel Wallace, Hugh Stevenson; 
clerk, A. J. Snow; treasurer. C. L. Young. 

1843. Trustees, John Fitzwater, Moses Hunt, Eliphalet Wyalt; clerk. 
Geo. W'. Oakes; treasurer, Anson Dwight. 

1844. Trustees, John Fitzwater. Moses Hunt, Cary Oakes; clerk, Geo. 
W- Oakes; treasurer, Anson Dwight. 

181.5. Trustees. C P. Rich, Lorenzo Wyatt, Cary Oakes; clerk, Geo. 
W, Oakes; treasurer. Anson Dwight. 

184(i. Trustees, C. P. Rich, Lorenzo Wyatt, I. H. Ballow; clerk. Geo 
W'. Oakes; treasurer, Joseph Bardwell. 

1847. Trustees, C. P. Rich, John Fitzwater I. H. Ballow; clerk, Geo. 
W. Oakes; treasurer, .Joseph Bardwell. 

1848. Trustees. E. M. Bartlett, Edward Rush, Wm. Barr; clerk, Geo. 
W^. Oakes; treasurer, John T. Mack. 

1849. Trustees, C. B. Rich, John Fitzwater, Russ Snow; clerk, Geo. 
W. Oakes; treasurer, John T. Mack. 

1S50. Trustees, C'. B. Rich, John Fitzwater, Russ Snow; clerk, George 
W. Oakes; treasurer, John T. Mack. 

1851. Trustees, C. B- Rich, John Fitzwater, I. H. Ballow; clerk, Geo. 
W. Oakes; treasurer. C. C. Chapin. Jr. 

ia")2. Trustees. C- B. Rich, John Fitzwater, Moses Hunt: clerk, Wm. 
W. Wright; treasurer, C. C. Chapin, Jr. 

1853. Trustees, C. B. Rich, Aaron Rice, Moses Hunt; clerk, Wm. W 
Wright; treasuier, C- V. Chapin, .Ir. 

1.S.>1. Trustees. C. B. Rich, Aaron Rice, John Fitzwater: clerk, John 
Coatps; treasurer. C. C. Chapin, Jr. 

1S.')5. Trtistees, Theodore Breck, Moses Hunt, John Fitzwater; clerk, 
R. W. Fairchild; treasurer, C. C- Chapin, Jr. 

ISSti. Trustees, Theodore Breck, Mo.sts Hunt, John Fitzwatar; clerk 
James n. Coates; treasurer, C. C Chapin, Jr. 

1S57- Trustees, Theo. Breck. Orrin Miller. I'eter Goodel; clerk, Geo. 
W. Oakes; treasurer, John S- Thomas. 

1858. Trustees, Moses Hunt, Orrin Miller, Peter Goodel; clerk, George 
W. Oakes; treasurer, John S. Thomas. 

18.50. Ti-ustees. Moses Hunt. John Fitzwater, Charles Bateman; clerk, 
Asa Reynolds: treasurer, J olm S. Thomas. 

I860. Tmstee.s, Moses Hunt, Peter Dillow, Levi Booth, Jr.; clerk, E. 
H. Ely: treasurer, M. N. Y'oung. 

181)1. Trustees, Moses Hunt, Peter Dillow, A. K. Skeels: clerk, .^sa 
Reynolds; treasurer, M. K. Young. 

1862. Trustees, Moses Hunt, Peter Dillow, O. W. Newcomh; clerk. 
Charles S. Burt; treasurer, M. N. Young. 

mvi. Trustees, Daniel Stocker, Peter Dillow, O. W. Newcomh; cUrk. 
Charles S. Burt; treasurer, William Barr. 

181M. Trustees, H. H. Snow, Francis Oakes, C. -M. Allen: clerk, Chas- 
S. Burt: treasurer, J- H. Coates. 

18U5. Trustees, H. H. Snow, O. W. Newcomh, C. M. Allen: clerk, Chas. 
S. Burt; treasurer, J. H. Coates. 

186U. Trustees. H. R Snow, Peter Dillow, F. Oakes; clerk, Cliailes 
S. Burt; treasurer, J. H. d ates. 

1867. Trustees, H. H- Snow, Peter Dillow, F. Oakes; clerk, Charles S. 
Burt; treasurer- J. H. Coates. 

18«8. Trustees, H. H. Snow, Peter Dillow, Alonzo Walkins; clerk, 
Charles S. Burt: treasurer, J. H. Coates. 

1869. Trustees, H. H. Snow, Emmet Boyd, Henry Ingham: clerk, 
Charles S. Burt; treasurer, Theo<lore Breck. 

1870. Trustees, H. H. Snow, Emmet Boyd, Hcnrj- Ingham: clerk, 
Charles S. Burt; treasurer. Theodore Breck. 



414 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



1871. Trustees, H. H. Snow, Moses I. Morgan, Julius White; clerk, 
Charles S. Burt: treasurer, James H. Coates. 

1872. Trustees, H. H. Snow, Moses I. Morgan, Julius White; clerk, 
Charles S. Burt; treasurer, James H. Coates. 

1873. Trustees Henry M. Oakes.MosesI. Morgan, Julius White; clerk, 
Charles S. Burt; treasurer. James H. Coates. 

1874. Trustees. L. F. Wyatt, L. E. Ring, Julius While; clerk, Charles 
S. Burt; treasurer, James H. Coates. 

1875. Trustees, Andrew Butler, L. E. Ring, Ira Fitzwater; clerk, Chas. 
S. Buit; treasurer, James H. Coates. 

1876. Ti ustees, Julius White, M. I. Morgan, Ira Fitzwater; clerk Chas, 
S. Burt; treasurer, James H. Coates. 

1877. Trustees, Julius White, Lewis T. Rust, Ira Fitzwater; clerk. 
Charles S. Burt; treasurer, James H. Coates. 

1878. Trustees, Julius White, M. I. Morgan, Ira Fitzwater; clerk, 
Charles S. Burt; trea^-urer. James H. Coates. 

1879. Trustees, Julius While, J. A. Fitzwater, Ira Fitzwater; clerk, 
Charles S. Burt; treasurer, H. E, Barnes. 

Ou the 29th of April, 1872, the Ipgislature em- 
powered the trustees of Brccksville to borrow money 
to build a town hall, and to issue the bonds of the 
township for the paj'ment of the same. Under this 
act money was procured to build a very fine hall on 
the north side of the i)ublic square, at Brecksville 
Center. It is constructed of brick, with a shapely bel- 
fry, and was completed in 1874, at a cost of four 
thousand five hundi-ed and twenty-two dollars. 

In 1878 the trustees of the township made the fol- 
lowing levies: For (ownship ])urposPS, ihicc-fcuthsof 
a mill; for roads, one and one-fourth mills; lor grad- 
ing hills, two-tenths of a mill; for bridges, one-tenth 
of a mill; for a poor fund, four-tenths of a mill; and 
for a vault, one mill. The latter has been erected at 
the center, and the cemeteries controlled by the 
township indicate a careful attention. 

Brecksville has good, roads, and the streams are 
well bridged. The Valley railroad will pass through 
the township and supply rapid communiciition; just 
across the river good shipping facilities are afforded by 
the canal. 

JIANrFAtTUUINfi INTERESTS. 

Owing to the limited water power, but little manu- 
facturing has been carried ou in the townshij). The 
first machinery of any kind operated by water-power 
was in the loggrist mill, put up at the center by 
Lemuel Hoadley in lsi;>. The burr stones were of 
Common granite, found in the woods near by, and 
may yet bo seen near the site of the old mill. In 1820 
Ezra Wyatt put up a famed gristmill at this point, 
and also built a sawmill. In the course of time 
Eobert Pritchard supplied steam power. Only a grist- 
mill is operated there at present. It was built by the 
present proi)rietor, Q'homas Dunbar, and is supplied 
with two runs of stone. 

Below this point, on the Chippewa, sawmills were 
built in former days, by Ambrose & Eliba Wilcox, 
by Young & Allen, and by Abbott & Bostwick. 
Above the center sawmills were also erected byKufus 
Newell and Samuel Varney. All have been discon- 
tinued. In the northern part of the township, on a 
small brook, John Randall built a gristmill which is 
at present operated by Antoine Eckenfells. Near 
this place, on the west side of the State road, is a 
large building in which Jackson Janes once had a 



cloth-dressing establishment. Subsequently wooden 
ware was made there, but the building has long been 
unused. 

Tanneries have been carried on by Darius Robin- 
son, above the center; by Seward & Higgius, at that 
place, and by George Curtis, on the Spring In-ook, 
but these, too, have long since passed away. Joseph 
Edgarton and Ely Osborne had distilleries many 
years ago, and George Foote carried on the manufac- 
ture of buckskin mittens at the center. For the past 
eight years a cheese factory has been successfully op- 
erated there, and this and the mills at present con- 
stitute the only manufacturing interests of the town- 
ship. 

THE VILLAGE OF BRECKSVILLE. 

This is ou the south bank of the Chi])pewa near 
the center of the townshij), and is sometimes called 
Brecksville Center. It is the only village in the 
township. It has a pleasant location, and contains 
the town hall, a very handsome school building, a 
Presbyterian and a Methodist church, a number of 
fine residences, and the stores, etc. noted below. 

T. J. Allen was the first postmaster of the Brecks- 
ville office, which received at that time one mail per 
week. The successive postmasters have been Chaun- 
cey L. Young, Asa Reynolds and J. 11. Coates. The 
office at ]n'esent has three mails per week from Cleve- 
land, distant seventeen miles. 

Charles Morgan had the first store in the i)lace, at 
the stand now occupied by J. H. Coates. The inter- 
mediate merchants there were William Towsley, E. 
and T. Breck, Breck & Humphrey, and Ailing & 
Fairchild. The brick store was put up by Chauncey 
L. Young about 1857, and Young & Clark were the 
first to engage in the mercantile business. J. J. 
Barms is the present occupant of that stand. A 
drug store and a harness shop were opened in the 
same building several years ago by Chauncey Ells- 
worth, and are still carried on by him. 

The first public house was kept by Isaac Packard in 
a log building which stood on the site of the Presby- 
terian church. Ezra Wyatt also entertained travelers 
at his house near the mill. John Randall built the 
present tavern in 1839, but it was first used as a resi- 
dence. George N. Hollis has been an innkeeper there 
many years. 

Dr. Chester Wait was the first physician of the 
township, and was in practice from about 1813 until 
his removal to Brooklyn. Dr. Isaac M. Morgan came 
in 1818, and practiced until his death. In the same 
period Drs. Gibbs and Cleveland followed their pro- 
fession. Dr. Edward Buck was in practice many 
years before his death in 1859, and had a contempo- 
rary in Dr. William Knowlton. The latter was fol- 
lowed by his sou, Augustus, and he in turn, by an- 
other son, the present Dr. William Knowlton. 

THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

The first school in the township was taught at the 
center by Oriana Paine, and was attended by children 




w7u?~^x^ '^Y^Z^T^j^Zi^D^ 



Moses Matheavs, a worthy son of old \'ermoiit, 
was liorii at New Haven, Addison Co., Feb. 16, 1804, 
his ]nirents being Josepli and Polly Mathews. His 
father was engaged in farming, and in that occupa- 
tion, in connection with l)rick!aying and j>lastering, 
Moses passed his early years. In 1823 he left his 
native State for Potsdam, St. Lawrence Co., N. Y., 
but tinally located at Madrid, in that county, where 
he ])urchased ])roperty. Wiiile a resident of St. Law- 
rence County he was married, June 23, 1824, to Miss 
Betsey Perry, a native of the town of his l)irtli. 
She was born Feb. 4, 1805. In 1832 he became 
satisfied that he could improve his condition in life 
by emigrating West, and in that year he settled in 
the town of Parma, Cuyahoga Co., where he re- 
mained till 1838, when he removed to Brecksville, 
and purchased a farm of ninety acres. He has been 
successful in accumulating wealth, and is emphat- 
ically a self-made man. 

His landed property at one time amounted to two 



hundred and twenty-two acres, but he has made a 
l)artial distribution among his children, and now re- 
sides on one hundred and forty acres, a part of which 
was his original purchase. The result of his mar- 
riage was three sons, viz. : Henry, born Ma}' 16, 
1825, who was a soldier in the late war, held the 
rank of first lieutenant, and died July 27, 1869; 
George, born Sept. 7, 1826, and now a farmer, re- 
siding in the town of Royalton ; Joseph, born Sept. 
7, 1828, and now residing at Denver, Col. 

Losing his wife Feb. 24, 1870, Mr. Mathews 
was married again, June 18, 1871, to Miss Arasis 
A. Rannals, a native of Logan Co., Ohio. Politi- 
cally lie has been a life-long Democrat, having cast 
his first presidential vote for Andrew Jackson. He 
is one of the oldest men in Brecksville, and, though 
nearlv fourscore years of age, is as healthy and rugged 
as manv a man in the prime of life. He is in truth 
a worthy example of the iiardy pioneers who over- 
come the dangers and obstacles of frontier life. 



BRECKSVILLE. 



41/) 



from theHoadley, Adams, Bradford and Wait fami- 
lies. j\[is. Benjamin Wait was also an early teacher 
there. In 1810 a good log building was put up in 
this locality forsehool and church purposes. In 182G 
the township had three districts, No. 1 having thirty- 
seven honseliolders; No. 2, twenty-iive householders; 
and No. 3, twenty householders. These districts were 
soon after divided so as to provide schools in every 
neiglilioi'liiMiil. The buildings wei'e at tirst of loj',s, 
liiit as the country was developed these were su])er- 
seded by framed houses; and nearly all these, in turn, 
iiavo given way to neat and comfortable brick edifices. 
The one at the center was erected in 187-1, at a cost 
(if ^4,000, and is a model of architectural beauty. 
For its size it has no superior in the country. 

In 1878 the township reported nine buildings, val- 
ued at ijil 3,000. Ten schools were maintained at an 
expense of |!2, 387. 75. Twenty-eight weeks of school 
w(>ie taught by nine female and seven male teachers, 
whose average wages were i&30.00 per month. 'I'hc 
piiiiils enrolled numbered; of boys one hundred and 
eiglity. of girls one hundred and twelve, and the aver- 
age attendance was eighty-three percent. 

TIIH I'lKST C()N(JKEC.AT10NAL (OK I'lUCSHYTKUI AN) 
CHUKCH. 

In the summer of 1816 the Rev. Wm. Ilanford, 
ill the eraj)loy of the Connecticut Missionai'y Society, 
began preaching in Brecksville, and on the 13th of 
July organized the First Congregational Church of 
Hieeksville, with sixteen members, namely: John 
Ailams, Lemuel Uoadley, Chloe Iloadley, John Wait, 
liolter Colson, Harriet Colson, Hannah Paine, Ly- 
man J. Frost, Oriana Frost, Zelpha Wait, Lucy Wil- 
cox, James Dickson, Mary Dickson, Joseph Bice, 
Orrin Wilcox and Abigail Wilcox. These elected 
Lvman J. Frost as the first clerk. No deacon was 
chosen until October 1, 1821, when Bolter Colson 
was ordained to that office; and the church had no 
I'egular pastor until 1840, when Bev. Newton I'arretl 
was ordained and installed. 

The Bev. Wm. Hanford supplied the cliurcli until 
ls-.'3, coming from Hudson every four weeks, and 
under his ministration the membership increased 
In forty-six. The next su])]dy was the Bev. Lsaac 
Shaler, who continued until 1829. For the next 
fdur years the Bev. J. H. Breck was the supj)Iy; i)ut 
in 1833 he was succeeded by Bev. Josejih Pepoon, 
who rcnniined until 1834. That year came Bev. 
Chester Cliapin, and continued until 1837. 

On the 7th of April, 1840, the Bev. Newton Bar- 
rett was installed as pastor, and maintained that rela- 
tion until 1848. Since that time the pas'or and sup 
plies have l)een the following: 1848-52, Bev. W. 8. 
Kennedy; 1853-4, Bev. Lucius .Smith; 1855-8, Bev. 
('. 15. Stevens; 185IMJ1, P. S. Hillyer; 18G2-fi, Bev. 
Thomas Towler; 1868-70, Rev. Hubbard Lawrence; 
1871-4, Rev. G. C. Reed; 1875-0, Rev. J. McK. Pit- 
tinger, and since May, 1870, Rev. John M. Davies. 

The first meetings were held at the liouse of Hosea 



Bradford, near the square. In 1810 a log school- 
house was built, on what was afterwards known as 
the Deacon Ilannum place, which was used until the 
fall of 1830, when a small framed liouse was built 
for a church, at a cost of i|200. A better place of 
worshij) being demanded, the "First Congregational 
Society" was formed, under the laws of the State, on 
the 21st of June, 1834, to attend to the temjjoral 
affairs of the church. The first officers were Belah 
Norton, Wm. H. Judd and Wm. Breckenridge, trus- 
tees; William Oakes, secretary; Philip Gass, treas- 
urer; and Darius Lyman, collector. 

In addition to the foregoing the constitution was 
signed by Bolter Colson, Moses Hunt, Gary Oakes, 
E. M. Bartlett, Peter Goodell, Moses Boynton, Fran- 
cis Oakes, Augustus Adams, William Burt, Theodore 
Breck, Giles Kellogg, Otis Pomeroy, C. Ilannum, 
Jason Jones, Edward Rust, John L. Thomas, and 
others. The present trustees of the society are L. T. 
Rust, 0. P. Foster, 0. P. Hunt, Michael Rudgers 
and B. Van Noate; L. E. Ring is the clerk, and J. 
H. Coates treasurer. 

In the fall of 1834 the meeting house was removed 
to a place near the present cemetery by a committee 
composed of Thomas Patrick, Jared Clark, Dorus 
Lyman, Daniel Currier and William Burt. Ten 
years later, work was begun on the jiresent church 
edifice, under the direction of the following building 
committee: Augustus Adams, Gary Oakes, Theodore 
Breck, Joseph Bardwell and E. M. Bartlett. It was 
completed at a cost of about $3,000, and was dedi- 
cated October 30, 1844. Subse(iuent repairs have 
rendered the house comfortable and attractive, and 
together with the parsonage, erected in 1842, it con- 
stitutes a very good church property. In 1876 the 
church became Presbyterian in form, and so remains 
to this day. The present ruling elders are Henry 
Dunbar, Moses Hunt and Talcott Starr. The former 
is also clerk of the session. The church has a mem- 
bership of one hundred and live, and since 1833 has 
regularly maintained a Sunday school, which at pres- 
ent has one hundred and thirty members. L. T. 
Bust is its superintendent. In 1866 Augustus Adams, 
a member of the church, donated ^500 to the Ameri- 
can Tract Society, on condition that that body should 
furnish thirty dollars worth of books yearly to the 
Sunday school in (juestion. A very good library is 
maintained. 

Some of the other religions denominations held 
public worship in the township at quite an early 
day, and some time after 1830 the Methodists organ- 
ized themselves into a class, the names of whose 
members, owing to the absence of records, cannot 
be here given. In 1836 the present meeting house at 
the center Was erected, and has been the place of 
worship of the 

METHODIST El'l.SCOl'AL CHL'UCH 

of Brecksville, and some of the adjoining townships, 
ever since. It has lately been repaii'ed, and is a com- 



416 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



fortable place of worship. The trustees who control 
it are A. Watkins, A. C. Hitchcock, L. F. Wjatt 
and James Cleveland. Tlie three first-named are also 
tlie stewards of the eliiirch. The society at Brecks- 
ville has been connected with other Methodist stations 
in Richfield and Royalton in forming a circuit, but 
at present is only connected with the eliurch in the 
latter township. The circuit is supplied by the Rev. 
Moses B. Mead, of Baldwin University. The mem- 
bership of the church is small, numbering but sixteen 
persons. The class leader is L. Norvill. The Sun- 
day school has sixty members, A. C. Hitchcock being 
the superintendent. 



CHAPTER LXXI. 

BEOOKLYN. 

Boundaries and Soil— First Private Proprietors—" Granger Hill "—The 
First " Squatter "—Tlie First Permanent Settler— Isaiah Fish, the First 
Child— Going Ten Miles to Work— Abundant Rattlesnakes— E. & M. 
Fish— The Oldest Inhabitant— The Brainards— A Fish and Brainard 
Settlement — First Framed House— An Avalanche of Emigration— More 
Brainards- Fears of Paupers— Trj-ing to mortgage a Farm for Flour- 
First Settlers at Brighton— Some More Brainards— The Aikens— Other 
Settlers— Early Mills— Civil Orpanizatiou— List of Officers— Brooklyn 
Methodist Episcopal Church— First Congregational Church— Brighton 
Methodist Church— Church of the Lady of the Sacred Heart — Disciple 
Congregation — Early Schools — Present .Schools— Brooklyn Village 
Schools — West Cleveland Schools — Brooklyn Academy — Brighton 
Academy — Brighton Village— Brooklyn Village— Its Officers— West 
Cleveland — Its Officers- Industrial School Farm— Linndale— Ceme- 
teries — Post Offices— Cleveland Dryer Company — Lake Erie Iiryer 
Company— Other Manufactures-Nurseries— Railways— Glenn Lodge 
I. O. O. F.— Glenn Encampment — Brooklyn Lodge F. & A. M.— Militia 
Companies — Brooklyn Hook and Ladder Company. 

Brooklyn townsliip, wjiich joins tlie city of Cleve- 
land on the west and south, is a part of range thirteen, 
in which it is township number seven. It included 
originally all that part of the territory of the city of 
Cleveland lying on the west side of the Cuyahoga river, 
wliich, along with what now comprises Brooklvn, was 
set off from Cleveland township to form the township 
of Brooklyn. Brooklyn's boundaries are the city of 
Cleveland and Lake Erie on the north, the townships 
of Parma and Independence on the south, the city of 
Cleveland and Newburg township on the east, and the 
township of Rockport on the west. It contains four 
villages, Brooklyn, West Cleveland, Brighton and 
Linndale, of which the former two are incorporated. 

The Cuyahoga river skirts the eastern part of the 
township on the east, and separates it from Newburg. 
Its other water courses are unimportant creeks, which, 
though once valuable as mill streams, are now of m 
u.se for that purpose. The land is generally fcrtik 
and farms are valuable, especially near the Clcvelani" 
line, where attention is given to the cultivation o.' 
fruit and garden products; the former industry bein; 
profitably followed near the lake shore, and the lattc. 
near Brooklyn village. 

In the division of the Western Reserve, as nai-ratcc' 
in the general history, the greater part of Brooklyn, 
including the present West Side of Cleveland, fell ti 
Richard and Samufl Lord ami .losiah I'arlicr, froii 



one or the other, or all, of whom the early settlers 
purchased their farms. 

EAKLT SETTLEMENT. 

A grassy slope overlooking the Cuyahoga river from 
Riverside cemetery, and known to this day as 
' Granger Hill," is the spot where the territory subse- 
cpiently occupied by the township of Brooklyn received 
its first white settler. Granger was a "scpiatter" 
from Canada, but when he squatted upon his Brooklyn 
land is not exactly known. He was there, at all 
events, in May, 1813, when James Fish entered what 
is now Brooklyn township, as the first of the perma- 
nent white settlers of that territory. Granger had 
with him his son, Samuel, and the two remained until 
1815, when they sold their improvements to Asa 
Brainard and migrated to the Maumee country. 

James Fish, above mentioned, had been a resident 
of Grotou, Connecticut, and, having purchased a piece 
of land of Lord & Barber in the present townshiji of 
Brooklyn, he set out from Groton in the summer of 
1811 with an ox-team and a lumber wagon, in which 
rode himself, his three children, his wife and her 
mother. He journeyed west in company with a large 
party of pioneers, but the only ones besides himself 
destined for Brooklyn were his two cousins, Moses 
and Ebenezer Fish — the latter of whom made the en- 
tire trip on foot. Arriving at Cleveland early in the 
autumn, after forty-seven days ^n the road, James 
Fish decided to pass the winter in Newburg, while 
Ebenezer and Moses remained in Cleveland. Early 
in the spring of 1812 James went over from Newburg 
alone and put up a log-house that cost him just 
eighteen dollars, and in May of that year he took his 
family to their new home. Their log cabin was, of 
course, a rude structure, and its furniture was in 
keeping with the house. The bedstead — for there was 
only one at first — was manufactured by the head of 
the family, and was composed of roughly hewn jiieces 
of wood, fastened with wooden pins, and having in lien 
of a bed cord a net work made of strips of bark. This 
bedstead is still in the possession of Isaiah W., a son 
of James Fish, who resides in Brooklyn village upon 
the place originally occupied by his father. Isaiah W. 
Fish, just mentioned, was born in Brooklyn, May 9, 
1814, and was the first white child born in the new 
settlement. 

James Fish began at once to clear his land, but 
while waiting for a crop his family must needs have 
something to cat. Mr. Fish had no cash, and so he 
used to go over to Newburg two or three times a week, 
and work there at farming for fifty cents a day. 
Thus he managed to reach the harvest season, when 
from tlie first fruits of his land he secui-ed a little 
money. It is, however, a question whether he could 
have carried his family through the winter, had it not 
been for the assistance of Jiis wife, who to her other 
duties added that of weaving coverlids, by which she 
earned a goodlv sum, and in which she liccanio so 







a^cU..^^ ^^ ^^^ 



The first known ancestor of Isaiah W. Fish was John Fish, 
who is siijiposed to liave einigriited from Enghmd and settled 
at Mystic, in Grolon, Conn. Uis son was Capt. Samuel 
Fish, and his son was also Samuel Fish. The son of the lat- 
ter was Capt. John Fish, and his son was Joseph Fish, 
grandfather of Isaiah W. 

The first person who settled in what is now the village of 
Brooklyn was James Fish, father of the subject of this sketch, 
who came from Connecticut in the year 1811, being forty-seven 
days on the road. He was a native of Connecticut, having 
been born in Groton, in June, 1783. In 1812 he built a log 
hut, on the site of which stands a handsome farm-house now 
occupied by his son, Isaiah W. At the time of his settle- 
ment, being in straightened circumstances, he was obliged 
to walk to Newburg, a distance of five miles, daily, where he 
Worked days' work, receiving in payment for the same sundry 
provisions at the rale of fifty cents per day. Some time after- 
wards he purchased one hundred and sixty acres of land, but 
not being able to pay the taxes cm the same, though small, he 
sold all but fifty acres to Aziah Brainnrd. Subsequently he took 
up eighty acres one mile north of his fir>t purchase. It is re- 
lated that during the progress of the battle of Lake Eric he was 
at work cutting logs, and the distant roar of cannon could be dis- 
tinctly heard. Thinking of how they would lose their hard- 
earned homesteads should victory be on the side of the English, 
he became so nervous that he quit work and entered the cabin, 
where the '• women folks" were assembled. They knew 
nothing of the desperate combat that was being carried on 
so close to them, and exclaimed: "How it do thunder!" 
" Yes," replied Mr. Fish, " but it is home-made thunder." 

Mr. Fish lived to the extreme age of ninety-two years, his 
death occurring in September, 18V'). He had shared all the 
privations and dangers of the first ]iioneers, and lived to 
witness the wonderful growth and develo|)ment of the country 
which he had found an unbroken wilderness. As a citizen 



he was quiet, sober, and industrious, working for the good 
of his family and the community in which he lived, but 
shrinking from public notice. He was an earnest Christian, 
and for thirty years a member of the Methodist Church. In 
1805 he married Mary Wilcox, daughter of Elisha Wilcox, 
of Stonington, Conn. They had eight children, namely, — 
Mary, James, Elisha, Sally, Isaiah \V., Lydia K., Joseph L., 
and John P. The first four were born in Connecticut; the 
fifth, Isaiah W., was the first white person born in Brooklyn, 
his birth occurring on the 9th of May, 1814. His early life 
was mostly spent in working on his father's farm. He re- 
ceived but a limited education. 

February, 1837, he married Matilda Gates, daughter of 
Jeremiah Gates, of Brooklyn. He then engaged in farming 
in partnershi]) with his father, with whom he resided until 
the death of the latter. He has been prominently connected 
with the religious, civil, and educational interests of the 
town. For fifty-two years he has been a member of the 
Methodist Church, and has labored actively in the cau.so of 
Christianity. For a period of twenty-three years he has been 
a regularly ordained minister, and has preached the gospel 
without receiving any pecuniary compensation, his services 
being freely given. He has also been for many years a teacher 
in the Sunday-schools. Has been president of the school 
board for four years, and has always been active in the sup- 
port of schools and of charitable institutions. 

In politics he is a Republican, and, although he has never 
sought political preferment, he has been elected to various 
local offices of trust, the duties of which he has discharged 
with uniform ability. 

The result of his first marriage was three children, — Lucy 
A., Charles, and Buell B. Mrs. Fish died in February, 1850. 
He was again married, on the 5th of July, 1850, to Mary A. 
More, of East Cleveland, by whom he has two daughters, — 
Mary M. and Louisa S. ; also one son. James, deceased. 



BROOKLYN. 



417 



celebrated that she found the demand far beyond her 
j»()\ver to snj)ply. 

When Mr. Fish set out for Newburg on liis peri- 
od ieal journeys, he left his family the sole occupants 
of a wilderness in which there were no residents nearer 
tlian Clcveh^ud, and, knowing full well tlieir fears and 
the good reasons for them, lie retui-ned to them faith- 
fully each night, albeit, his trips were always made 
OH foot, and covered ten long miles. Sucli trips, too, 
lie frc(|uently made on subsequent occasions, when, 
needing Hour or meal, he would shoulder a two 
liushel liag full of corn, trudge to the Newbui'g mill, 
and get back witii his meal the same day. 

Mr. Fish was a great hunter and slayer of rattle- 
snakes, which were found in immense numbers, and 
occasionally reared their ugly fronts through open- 
ings in the rude Hoors of the settlers' cabins. It is told 
of one of ^Ir. Fish's farm hands in the early days, 
t hat on narrowly escaping the attack of a rattlesnake 
he joyously and thankfully exclaimed: "What a 
smart idea it was in God Almighty to put bells on 
tlicm things!'' Mr. Fish lived a useful and lionored 
life in Brooklyn, saw cities and villages rise where 
<ui(H! he trode the 2)athless forest, and at the age 
(if ninety-three passed away from earth, on the old 
luunestead, in September, 187."), his wife having pro- 
ceeded him twenty-one years. 

Kbenezer and Moses Fish, who have already been 
mentioned as spending the winter of 1811-12 in 
Cleveland, followed James Fish to Brooklyn in the 
spring of 1812, and settled upon eighty acres lying 
just south of James Fish's place — Fbenezer locating 
on the north side of what is known as Newburg 
street, and Moses on the south side. Neither was 
then married, but, as both e.xpected to be, they 
worked with a w-ill to prepare their land for cultiva- 
tion, both living in a log shanty on Ebenezer's land. 
Klicnezer was one of the militiamen who guarded 
Oniic, the Indian murderer who was huug in Cleve- 
land ill June, 1812, as related in the general history. 
Both also served a few mouths in the forces called 
out to guard the frontier during the first year of the 
war of 1812. Returning to tlieir clearings, they vig- 
orously renewed their pioneer life. Moses was drafted 
into the military service, but he was far from i)eing 
strong, anil therefore Ebeiiezer went in iiis stead, serv- 
ing six inontlis and taking part in an engagement at 
.Mackinaw Island. 

After the war closed Ebcnezer returned to Connecti- 
cut, where lie was married and where he remained six 
years licfoie resuming his residence in Brooklyn. 
'riiere Mr. I''isli has ever since lived, and in his ninety- 
third year is still a dweller upon his old homestead; 
I lie only one now living of the little band of pioneers 
who began the settlement of Brooklyn. 

Of the children of Moses Fish. Ozias and Lorenzo 
reside in Brooklyn, while others are in the far West. 

Following the Fish families in 181."? came Ozias 
Hrainard, of Connecticut, with four grown daughters 
and four sous, Ozius, Jr., Timoth}', Ira and Betliuel, 



of whom Ozias, Jr., and Ira had families. They set- 
tled on the Newburg road, near wliero Brooklyn vil- 
lage now is, on adjoining places, and all resided in 
Brooklyn during the remainder of their lives. David 
S. Braiuard, a son of Ozias, Jr., now resides in Cleve- 
land near the county infirmary. At this time, as will 
have been observed, Brooklyn township was peopled 
exclusively by Fishes and Brainards, and it used to be 
a common story in Cleveland that "the visitor to 
Brooklyn might be certain that the first man he'd 
meet would be a Fish or a Braiuard." 

Ozias Braiuard, Jr., put up the first framed dwell- 
ing in Brooklyn, on the place now occupied by his son 
David, and Asa Braiuard raised the first framed barn, 
which is still iu use on the farm of Carlos .Jones, the 
erection of wdiich, in 1818 or before, was the occasion 
of a hilarious celebration. Asa Braiuard also built the 
first brick house in the old townshi]! of Brooklyn at 
what is now the junction of Columbus and Scrantou 
avenues, where he opened the first public tavern in 
that township, about 1825. 

The autumn of ISl-l witnessed a large and import- 
ant accession to the little settlement when six families, 
comprising forty persons, came thither from Connec- 
ticut within a week; thirty-one of them landing 
within the same hour. These were the families of 
Isaac Hinckley, Asa Braiuard, Elijah Young, Stephen 
Braiuard, Enos Braiuard and Warren Brainard, all of 
whom had been residents of Chatham, Middlesex 
count3% Connecticut. All exchanged their farms 
there with Lord & Barber for laud in "New Connec- 
ticut," and all set out for that unknown land on the 
same day. The train consisted of six wagon.s, 
drawn by ten horses and six oxen, and all journeyed 
together until Euclid was reached (forty days after 
leaving Chatham), where Isaac Hinckley and his 
family rested, leaving the others to push on to Brook- 
lyn, whither he followed them within a week. 

It appears that the trustees of the township of 
Cleveland — to wdiich the territory of Brooklyn then 
belonged — became alarmed at the avalanche of emi- 
grants just described, and concluding tluit they were 
a band of paupers, for whose support the township 
woiihl lie taxed, started a constable across the river to 
warn the invaders out of town. Alonzo Carter, a 
resident of ('leveland, heard of the move, and stop- 
ped it by endorsing the good standing of the new- 
comers — adding that the alleged jiaupers were worth 
more money than all the trustees of Cleveland com- 
bined. 

Isaac Hinckley settled in the southeast on lot 
seventy-nine, near wiiere the line between Parma and 
Independence intersects the south line of Brooklyn, 
iu the lu^art of a t hick forest, " a mile from anybody " 
ius his sou, Aiiel, now says. The first table the family 
used tlieie was made by .Mr. Hinckley out of an ash 
tree. .Moreover, althmigii he owned three hundred 
and sixty acres of laud, he had no money to buy Hour, 
and, being in great need of breadstuffs, he offered to 
mortgage a hundred acres of land as security for a 



418 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



barrel of flour. Tlie Newburg miller, however, pre- 
ferred the flour to the cliauce of getting the land, for 
the former would bring money more readily than the 
latter. Nevertheless something to eat was procured 
in some way, for Mr. Hinckley lived on the old place 
until 1851, when he died at the age of seventy- 
eight. 

Asa Brainard located near the site of the infirmary, 
Stephen Brainard on a place adjoining Mr. Abel 
Hinckley's present residence in Brooklyn village, and 
Enos and Warren Brainard near where the Wade 
House (on Columbus street) now stands. 

The first settlers uj)ou what is now known as tlie 
Brigliton side of the creek were also Brainards. Two 
brothers, Amos and Jedediah, with a cousin named 
Jabin, started with their families from Connecticut 
and traveled westward together as far as Aslitabula, 
where Jedediah, an old man of seventy, fell ill (in 
consequence, doubtless, of having walked all the way 
from Connecticut) and died. Sylvanus, his eldest 
son, who had a family of his own, took charge of liis 
mother and her children, and, with Amos and Jede- 
diah, continued the trip to Brooklyn, where they 
arrived in the summer of 1814. Amos located about 
a mile south of what is now Brighton village, where 
lie owned three hundred acres of land. Sylvanus 
and Jabin settled near by. 

Amos had three sons and one dangliter, Amos B., 
William, Demas and Philcna — all of wliom save Demas 
died in tlie township. Demas is now a hale old man 
of eighty-eight, and resides on a farm a mile south- 
east of Brighton — the jilace which he made his home 
in 1818. 

George and TJiomas Aikens, brotliers of Mrs. Amos 
Brainard, had preceded that gentleman by a year or 
more, and had taken up land on the Brighton side, 
but the Aikens family did not occupy it until some 
time afterward. This land Amos Brainard culti- 
vated for the Aikens, and on that farm, by Demas 
Brainard, the first ground was broken on the south 
side of the creek. Cyril and Irad, sons of George 
Aikens, lived on the place after a time. Cyril died 
there and Irad in Black l\iver, whither he moved at 
an early day. George and Thomas Aikens resided on 
the Brooklyn side, near the site of the infirmary, 
where George Aikens, the grandson of the former 
George, now resides. 

One of the stirring citizens of early Brooklyn was 
Diodate Clark, of Connecticut, who settled in tlie 
township in 1815, and was afterward a man of some 
jirominence in its history. He was the first male 
scliool teacher in Brooklyn, and was a wide-awake 
business man. He eventually became concerned in 
large enter])rises in Cleveland, wdiere it is said he was 
tlie first to engage in the lime trade. lie died on his 
old homestead in 1877. 

James Sears, of Connecticut, settled in Brooklyn 
in 1817, and still lives — now aged eighty — upon a 
farm two miles west of Brooklyn village. He worked 
at first in Cleveland, and boarded with Asa Brainard. 



After a time he took up a farm and has lived upon it 
ever since. 

Jeremiah Gates, originally from Connecticut, made 
his home in Delhi, New Y^ork, in 1815, and in 1816 
walked from that place to Brooklyn for the pnrjiose 
of examining the country. Satisfied with its appear- 
ance he walked back to Delhi (having occupied six 
weeks in the entire journey), married there, and in 
company with his wife, his brother Nathaniel, and 
another man (who soon returned east) set out for 
Brooklyn. A horse and wagon conveyed them to 
Buifalo, where they took a vessel and thus made their 
way to Cleveland. Jeremiah was too poor to liuy 
land, and for the first two years after his arrival in 
Brooklyn worked in Philo Scovill's sawmill. In 1819 
he assisted his brother Nathaniel in the erection of a 
sawmill at what is known as five-mile lock. In 1830 
he bought a farm in Brooklyn and there continued to 
reside until his death, in 1870. His widow survives 
him, and lives on the old place, in Brighton village, 
aged eighty-five. 

Bichard and Samuel Lord and Josiah Barber, of the 
firm of Lord and Barber before mentioned, removed 
to that part of Brooklyn which is now the west side 
of Cleveland as early as 1818, and resided there until 
they died. Edwin Foote was among the early resi- 
dents of Brooklyn, as was his brother William, who 
remained but a short time, however, before removing 
to Cleveland. Edwin settled on lot ninety, in the 
southeast corner of the township, and devoted himself 
to farming and gardening, in which latter occupation 
he was especially successful. 

Ansel P. Smith, who set up the first wagon shop in 
Brooklyn, came out from Connecticut, in 1830, with 
his brother-in-law, Timothy Standard, an old sea caj)- 
tain, and together they opened a store in Brooklyn 
village, the first one in that locality. After an expe- 
rience of five years they gave up the venture — Smith 
going west and Standard back to Connecticut. After 
that, there was not much done in the mercantile line 
in Brooklyn village until 1843, when A. W. Pne 
opened a store and conducted it successfully for tliirly 
years. A Mr. Huntington, from Connecticut, opened 
a store in Brighton in 1840, where John Tliorne, a 
Frenchman, had previously started a blacksmith shoj). 
Epaphroditus Ackley, a miller, settled on Walworth 
run in 1814, worked a wliile in Barber's mill, and 
moved away after a residence of some years. A.-;a 
Ackley, of New York, located at a later period near 
where the infirmary now stands, and opened the first 
blacksmith shop on the Brooklyn side. 

In the foregoing sketch of Brooklyn's early settle- 
ment it has been the aim of the chronicler to treat 
principally of such incidents and persons as were iden- 
tified with the first decade of the township's history. 
After that, settlers mulliiilied so rapidly that the 
newcomers obtained no distinctive place in the records 
of the time. Those who lead the van in the settle- 
ment of a new country usually form but a handful, 
whose numbers may be easily counted, and whose 



BROOKLYN. 



419 



progress may be easily traced; and tbey, too, are the 
oiii's iirouiul whom settles the peculiar interest which 
always attaches to the " pioneers "' of a locality. 

Brooklyn, being adjacent to Cleveland, sbai'od to 
sonic extent the prosperity of that city, and its i)ro- 
gress, after about 1825, was quite rapid. Althougb 
shorn of a large part of its original territory, by the 
annexation of Ohio City to (Jlcveland in 1854, and by 
subsequent minor encroachments, it is still numerously 
poj)ulated, and is not only a prosi)erous but a i|uiic 
wealthy township. 

KARLY MILLS. 

The first sawmill jnit up in Brooklyn township was 
erected by Philo Seovill, of Cleveland, in 1817, on 
Mill creek, about two miles west of where Brooklyn 
village now is. Mr. Seovill not only furnished lumber 
to the early settlers, but also made window sashes and 
doors. Lord & Barber (the great land proprietors.) 
put U]) a similar mill there not long afterward, and 
aljout the same time a third sawmill was built on the 
same creek by Warren and Gershom Young. In 1810 
Nathaniel Cates built a sawmill on the creek, at what 
is known as live-mile lock. 

The lirst gristmill in the old township is siipj)osed 
to have been built by one of the Kelleys, of Cleveland, 
on Walworth run, near where the Atlantic and Great 
Western railroad now crosses that stream. The next 
one, known as Barber's mill, built in ISlfi, was run 
by Elijah Young for a while, and stood about a half 
a mile above Kelley's. There were some other estab- 
lishments on Walworth run, but they do not concern 
the history of the present township of Brooklvn. 

OKGAXIZATION. 

Brooklyn township was organized June 1, 1818, 
aiui embraced originally " all that j)art of Cleveland 
situated on the west side of the Cuyahoga river, cx- 
eeiiliiig a farm owned by Alfred Kelley." Since 
then a large portion of its territory has been restored 
to (!leveland. 

It is said that when the townshi]) was about to Ije 
organized Captain Ozias Brainard was anxious to call 
it Egyi>t "because so much corn was raised there," 
hut the idea met with no favor, and the name of 
Brooklyn was adopted because it sounded well, and 
not from any desire to honor the i)lace of that name 
ill New York, since nearly all of the early settlers 
came from Connecticut. The first book of township 
records was destroyed by fire, and the list of town- 
ship otlieers heie given dates necessarily from 18.37. 
Since that time those officers, with the years of their 
election, have been as follows: 

TRUSTEES. 
1S37, Samiiel H. liarstow, Diodate Clark, William Allen; ]«{«, S. II. 
Barstow, Wllliain Allen, Samuel Tyler; 1K)», W'illiam Burton, Martin 
Kelloge, Russell Pelton; IWO, Martin Kellogg, Russell I'elton. William 
Hurlon; IKll, .Jonathan Fish, Russell I'elton, Mai tin Kellogg; IHia, Mar- 
tin Kellogg, .Jonathan Fish, Benjamin Sawlell; 18(.i. Ezra Honeywell. 
William Hartness, Philo Rowley; IS+I. Morris .Jai-kson, Ezra Honey- 
W4.1I, I»hilo Rowley; ISIS, Samuel Tyler, Samuel Storer, Levi Lookwood; 
IMii, Samuel Storer, R. 0. Selden. Levi Lockwood; 1H17, R. C. Selden, 
Samuel Storer, I'bilo Rowley; isjs, Martin Kellogg, Benjamin Sawtell! 
Seth Brainard; isjit, James Sears, Benjamin Sawtell, Ambrose Anthony: 
1850, James Sears, Francis Branch, Ambrose Autboay. 



1851, Ambrose Anthony, James Sears. Francis Branch ; 1852, Francis 
Branch, Ambrose Anthony, James Sears; 1853, Ambrose Anthony, 
James Sears, Francis Branch; 1K5I, John Morrill, James Sears, Homer 
Strong; 1855, t'lark S. Gates, John Goes, James Sears; 185tJ, David S. 
Brainard, Martin Kellogg, John L. Johnson; 1857, D. S. Brainard, Alfred 
Kellogg, J. L. Johnson; 18,58, C. L. Gates, Alfred Kellogg, James Sears; 
18jil. Alfred Kellogg. James Sears, John Reeve; 18»i0, James Sears, John 
Iteeve, Alfred Kellogg. 

18C1, Francis S. Pelton, John Reeve, Martin K. Rowley; 1802, Thomas 
James, James AV. Day, M. K. Rowley; 18.53, .To?eph Marniann, Alfred 
Kellogg, Lew Fish; IHIH, Alfred Kellogg, Levi Fish, William Lehr (re- 
signed in November, and James Sears appointed. The latter resigned in 
December, and Francis S. Pelton was appointed). 18G5, Jacob Siringer, 
F. S. Pelton, John Ross; lH(I(j, Jacob Siringer, .John Ross, Jacob Hum; 
1.807, Jacob Siringer, John Ross, Marcus Denuerlie; 18(j8, Jefferson Fish, 
Samuel Sears, Bethnel Fish; IHG'.). JetTersoa Fish. Samuel Sears, David 
S. Brainard; 1870, Jefferson Fish, John Myers, Samuel Sears. 

1871, Robert Curtiss, John Meyer, Daniel W. Hoyt; 18?^, John Meyer, 
Erhart Wooster, Robert Curtiss; 187.!, Erhart Wooster, J. C. Wait, Car- 
ter Stickney; 1874, Robert Curtiss, D. W. Hoyt, J. C. Wait; 1875, John 
Williams, John Scbmehl, William S. Curtiss; 1870, John Williams, 
Charles E. Terrell, Seymour Trowbridge; 1877, C. E. Terrell, Seymour 
Trowbridge, Charles Miller; 1878, Sanford R. Brainard, William Thomas, 
Francis H. Chester; 1879, William Thomas, S. R. Brainard, Charles 
Miller. 

CLERKS. 

18:J7, C. L. Russell; 1838 and 18.39, Samuel H. Fox; I&IO '41 and '42, 
Francis Fuller; 1813 and 1844, John H. Sargeant; (In September, 1W4, 
Sargeant removed, and George L. Chapman was appointed.) 1845, 
Charles Winslow; 1810 to 18.54, inclusive, C. E. Hill; 18.55, F. W. Pelton; 
(Resigned in July, and C. E. Hill appointed.) 1850, Bolles M. Brainard; 
(Died in August, and Charles H. Eabcock appointed.) 1857, C. H. Bab- 
cock; 1S58, Frederick Dalton; 1858, Joseph B. Shuil; 1800 and 1861, 
Charles H. Babcock; 1802 and 18(3, HenrylKsb; 1804, F. H. Chester; 1805 
and 1806, Frederick W. Wirth; 1807, F. H. Chester; 1868 and 1800, Edwin 
Chester; 1870, Edward F. Fuller; 1871, B. J. Ross; 1873 to 1877, inclusive, 
William Treat; 1878 and 1879, Charles N. Collins. 

TREiVSURERS. 

18;J7, Ozias Brainard; 1S3K, C. E. Hill; 18:J9, Ozias Brainard; 1840 
James Ray (Resigned in November, and C E. Hill appointed.) 1.S41 and 
18J2, C. E. Hill; 1813 and 1W4, David S. Brainard; 1815, Betliuel Fish: 
1840 and 1817, D. S. Brainard: 1848 and 1849, Bethuel Fish; 1850, Francis 
Fuller: (Died in August, and Bethuel Fish appointed.) 1851, Elihu Cor, 
bin; 1.852 to 1.851, inclusive, S. J. Lewis; 1855 to 1857, inclusive, William 
Wilson; 1858 to 1860, inclusive, Carlos Jones; 1801, Benj. R. Beavis; 1802, 
D. S. Brainard; 1803 and 1804, Ozias Fish; 1805 and 1806, F. H. Chester; 
1.SG7 to 1869, inclusive, Jacob Schneider; 1870 and 1871 Carver Stickney; 
1872, John Duncan: (Died in April, and George J Duncan appointed.) 
1.S73 to 1875, inclusive, G. J. Duncan; (Removed in November, and F. H. 
Chester appointed.) 1876 and 1877, F. H. Chester; 1878 and 1879, Russell 
A. Brown. 

JU.STICES OF THE PEACE. 

18.30, George W. Marsh; 18.37, C. L. Russell, William Burton; 1838, Ben- 
jamin Doud, Henian A. Hurlbut; 1810, C. L. Russell; I84I, Benj. Doud, 
Samuel Tyler; 1,S12, Scott W. Sayles; 1843, J. H. Sargent; 1841, Benjamin 
Sawtell; 1845, Andrew White, Ezra R. Benton, Henry L. Whitman; 1847 
Homer Strong, Samuel Storer; 1848, H. L. Whitman; 1850, Homer Strong, 
.1. A. Redington, Samuel Storer; 1852, Ezra Honej'well, W'ells Porter; 
18,53, Charles H. Babcock; 1K55, Austin M. Case, Daniel Stephan; 18.56. 
Chas. H. Babcock; 1857, Felix Nicola; 1.8.59, Chas. H. Babcock; 1860, 
Feli.x Nicola; 1.S62, Chas. H. Babcock; 18(Si, Felix Nicola (resigned in De- 
cember, 1S(«I; 18tB, Benjamin R. Beavis, John Reeve; 1868, Chas. H. 
Babcock, John S. Fish; 1871, Joseph M. Poe, ('has. H. Babcock; IW2, 
Ambrose Anthony; 1874, Chits H. Babcock, (resigned in October, 1874,) 
William Treat; 1875. Ambrose Anthony; 1877, William Treat, Charles N. 
Collins; 1878, Ambrose Anthony; 1879, C. N. Collins and W. Treat. 

CHURCHES. 

According to the best recollection of Brooklyn's 
early settlers, the first religious services in the town- 
ship were held by a traveling Univeralist preacher 
whose name has been forgotten. He preached the 
funeral sermon of the mother of James Fish in 181G, 
and preached twice in Brooklyn after that event. 
About that time Rev. Messrs. Booth and Goddard, 
Methodist circuit riders, jireached in Brooklyn, aiid 
under the auspices of the latter, about 1817, 

THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHlRCn OF BROOKLYK 

was organized in a log house which stood in the rear 
of the site of thciiresent Methodist Ejiiscopal Church 



420 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



and which was used as a town house and a place of 
worship foi" both the Methodists and tiie Congrega- 
tionalists. 

The first Methodist Episcopal class, however, had 
already been formed in 1814 at the house of Ozias 
Brainard, where the Methodists used to assemble for 
weekly prayer and conversation, before the coming of 
any minister. Ebenezer Fish, Sylvanus Brainard and 
Seth Brainard were the first three members of the 
class, which, however, was shortly increased to six- 
teen. Ebenezer Fish was the first class leader, and 
when it was agreed to divide the class into two sec- 
tions — a part, meeting on the north, and a part on 
the south side of the ereek — Seth Brainard was chosen 
as the second class leader. 

The first presiding elder was Charles Waddell, and 
the early ministers of the church were Rev. Messrs. 
James Taj'lor, John Crawford, Solomon Meuiei", 
Adam Poe, H. 0. Sheldon, James Mclntire, — Dick- 
sou, Elmore Yokum, — Hazard, — Howe. The 
later pastors have been Rev. Messrs. N. S. Albright, 
Joseph Mattock, Alfred Holbrook and the Rev. Mr. 
Hoadley, the latter being the pastor September 1, 
1879. 

The church has now a membership of one hundred. 
The trustees are A. W. Poe, J. W. Fish, Ozias Fisli, 
H. Richardson, R. Pelton, L. G. Foster, S. R. Brain- 
ard and J. Tompkins. The class leaders are George 
Storer, S. Strowbridgc, J. Tompkins, W. Woodard, 
S. Wallace, A. W. Poe. Tlie Sunday-school has 
about one hundred scholars, and is in charge of T. 
K. Dissette. 

The congregation worshiped in the log town-house 
until 1837, when a framed church-edifice was erected 
upon the site of the present structure. The latter 
was built in 1848, the old one being moved, and being 
now used as a private residence. 

THE FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH. 

This is located at Brooklyn village and was organ- 
ized July 23, 181'J, with the following members: 
Amos Brainard, Isaac Hinckley and Sallie his wife, 
James Smith and Eliza his wife, and Rebecca Brain- 
ard. The organization took place in the town-house, 
and was effected by Rev. Messrs. Thomas Barr and 
William Hanford, who were sent for this purpose by 
the Cleveland presbytery, to which the Brooklyn 
church was attached. Previous to the organization 
Isaac Hinckley — who was the first deacon chosen by 
the church — used tocouduct religious meetings at the 
house of Moses Fish, where the Congregationalists 
often assembled for worship. 

The membersliip was not increased until October 3, 
1819, when Ozias, Mary, Ira and Plujebe Brainard 
were takeu into tiie fold. The Cleveland presbytery 
supplied preachers occasionally for some years; services 
being held, as a rule, once a fortnight. We learn 
from the records that down to 1847 the ministers who 
preached for the church were Rev. Messrs. William 
McLaiu, T. I. Bradstreet, Randolpli Stone, B. B. 



Drake, Fox and ■ Foltz. In 1847 the con- 
gregation — being much reduced in strength — ceased 
to assemble for worship and remained inactive until 
18.")1, when public services were renewed under the 
ministry of Rev. Calvin Durfee, wiio was followed 
successively by Rev. Messrs. James A. Bates, E. II. 
Votaw and J. W. Hargrave, the latter being now in 
charge. 

In April, 1867, tlie cliurch united with the Cleve- 
land Congregational conference, having till that time 
been attached to the Cleveland presbytery. In 1830 
the congregation left the old loghouse and worshiped 
in a new church which was built in that year. It is 
still used, being one of the oldest church buildings in 
Ohio, but will probably be vacated in November 
of this year (1870) for a new and handsome brick 
church, now nearly completed. The church member- 
ship is now eighty-four. The deacons are Hiram 
Welch, A. S. Hinckley and Ebenezer Fish, and the 
trustees are M. L. Mead, I. N. Turner and Ebenezer 
Fish. 

BRIGHTON METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH. 

For some years previous to 1844, the Methodist 
residents of Brighton and vicinity worshiped at the 
church in Brooklyn village, but in that year they 
effected a church organization of their own. They 
purchased the building previously used by the Re- 
formed Methodists, and there they still worship.* 

The present membership is eighty. The trustees 
are Asahel Brainard, Charles Gates, Leonard Fish, 
H. C. Gates, George Brainard, Denias Brainard, 
Thomas Davies, Martin Oviatt and Albert Ingham; 
the stewards are J. K. Brainard, Abel Fish, Luther 
Brainard, Charles Gates, George W. Brainard, Wil- 
liam Avann and Asahel Brainard; the class leaders 
are George AV. Brainard, William Avann, Thomas 
Davis, J. M. Brainard and Russell Brainard. The 
pulpit is being supi)lied at present by Rev. E. H. 
Bush. 

THE EVANGELICAL PROTESTANT CHURCH. 

This is a German organization, located at Brighton, 
which was formed about 1840. Public worship was 
first held in a school-house a mile east of Brighton 
village, the first minister being Rev. Mr. Allard, of 
Cleveland. In 1844 the church erected at Brighton 
the substantial house of worship now used. About 
one hundred families comprise the congregation, 
which is under the charge of Rev. Mr. Locher. Tlie 
trustees are George Riedel, Caspar Janney, Martin 
Walter, Gottleib Merkel and Christian Haas. 

CHURCH OF THE LADY OF THE SACRED HEART. 

This Roman Catholic church was organized at 
Brighton in 1875, by Rev. P. F. Quigley, D.D., in 
which year a handsome brick house of worship, cost- 

* The Reformed Methodists had seceded from the Methodist Episcopal 
church of Brooklyn, and started a church on the south side of the 
creek in IWO, but dissolved three years later. The prominent members 
were Julia and Ogden Hinckley, Cyru> Brainard, and Joseph and Ma. 
tilda Williams. 



BROOKLYN. 



421 



ing *10,000, was built. Although Brighton then 
contiiined many Catholics, their nunil)er has latterly 
been materially lessened by removals, and for nearly 
a year (since December, 1878) tlie cliureh has been 
opened but once for public worship. Tiie last pastor 
of the cluircli was Rev. T. Marshall, who succeeded 
Fallier Quigley in 1877. 

TUB DISCIPLE CONGKEGATION. 

Karly in 1879 a number of the members of the West 
Side l)isei])le Churcli, residing in Brooklyn village — 
(among tlie prominent ones being II. Brown and AVm. 
Towsley) — agitated the subject of organizing a church 
in Brooklyn, and in May lield their first meeting in 
tlie I5rook.lyn Opera House, on which occasion a large 
nundjer of persons participated in the exercises. An 
independent churcli has not yet been formed, but reg- 
ular Sabbath meetings have been held in the Opera 
House since that time, the congregation, for the pres- 
ent, being attached as a mission to the West Side 
cinirch, whence the jireaching is supplied. About 
forty members are included in the congregation, and 
it is probable that a cliureh will speedily be estab- 
lislu'd. 

SCHOOLS. 

Miss Dorcas Ilickox, sister of Abraham Ilickox, a 
Ijlacksmith of Cleveland, taught school in Brooklyn as 
early as 1818, in the house of James Fisli. She iiad 
eight or ten scholars, of whom Isaiah W. Fish is still 
living. Miss Hickox, who was probably the first 
school-teacher in those parts, taught but one summer. 
Who her immediate successor was is not clear, but it 
is moderately certain that Diodate Clark wielded the 
birch not long after Miss llickox's time, and a famous 
pedagogue he was. After Clark, Steplien Brainard 
taught in a little log school-house on David Brainard's 
place, and then Lyndon Freennm, of Parma, was for 
a while the leader under whom the aspiring youth of 
the day climbed the rugged bights of learning. 

Apart from the villages of Brooklyn and West 
Cleveland — which manage their own school affairs — 
the township has now five school districts and six 
schools, with an average attendance of one hundred 
and seventy-two, out of an enrollment of two hundred 
and sixty-four scholars. The number of teachers em- 
liloyed is seven, and the yearly expenditure for school 
luirjioses about 8i3,300. The members of the board 
of education are Frank II. Chester, Carver Stickney, 
Henry Perrin, Claus Fiedmann and J. Featherstone. 
The value of school property in the township districts 
in 1879 was *i:3,500. 

Brooklyn village, which under the union school law 
has managed its own school alTairs since 18G9, has a 
line brick school-edifice, in which there five depart- 
ments, including a high school. The daily attend- 
ance of jiiipils averages one hundred and seventy-six, 
and the teachers — including tlie superintendent — 
number five, to wlioin $2, 400 are paid yearly. 

The village of West Cleveland has three school- 
houses — oa Detroit street, Jones street and McCart 



street — with five schools and five teachers. The at- 
tendance averages nearly three hundred, and the cost 
for school supi)ort is nearly $4,000 yearly. 'I'he pres- 
ent board of education is comjiosed of Messrs. Alex. 
Forbes, M. B. Nixon, G. B. Mills, W. P. Ranney, A. 
W. Fairbanks and Oliver King. 

THE BKOOKLV.V ACADEMY. 

In the year 1840 Moses Merrill, a New York school- 
teacher, and sometimes Methodist preacher, happened 
to visit Brooklyn about the time certain of its promi- 
nent citizens were agitating the subject of starting an 
academy. They secured Merrill to teach for them, 
})ut up a framed building on the lot now occui)ied by 
the Brooklyn village school, called it the Bi-ooklyn 
Academy and opened it as a select school of some jire- 
tensions. It flourished for several years as an impor- 
tant institution of learning, but gave way eventually 
before the rapid strides of the public school system 
and disappeared. The old academy building is now 
used in part for the village post office. 

TUE BRIGHTON ACADEMY, 

was founded by Samuel II. Barstow about 1810. when 
Brighton was regarded as a place with a lirilliant fu- 
ture before it. The brilliant future failed, however, 
til reveal itself, and the Brighton Academy went down 
within a brief season. 

BlUGHTON'. 

The village of Bi-ighton was laid out, oi'iginMllv 
upon land occupied by Warren Young's farm, and 
additional surveys were made from time to time, lis 
progress was unmarked by special incident until 
18.3G, when, under the inlluence of the energy of 
Samuel II. Barstrow, matters began to look up. 
Speculation in lots began to grow earnest, and to fur- 
ther stimulate the spirit of the hour, Mr. Barstow 
procured the ineorj)oration of the village. At the 
first election, early in 1837, twenty-three votes were 
cast for mayor, Nathan Babcock receiving fourteen 
and Sam'l H. Barstow nine. A. S. Palmer was 
chosen as recorder, and a Mr. Clemens as mai-shal and 
street commissioner. In less than a year, howevei', 
Brighton came to a stand-still. When the next elec- 
tion time came the villagers concluded that the new 
departure was a failure, and declined to hold an elec- 
tion, and the charter went by default. 

Since that time the progress of Brighton has been 
slow, yet in all it has been considerable. It has a 
iwpulation of perhajis eight hundred, is abundaiitlv 
supplied with stores and hotels, has three churches, 
and does a small business in the manufacture of 
wagons. The stores have a good trade with the sur- 
rounding countiy, which contains numerous thrifty 
and substantial farmers, many of whom are (iermans, 
as are also many of the villagers. 

BROOKLYN VILLAGE. 

Brooklyn Village (originally called Brooklyn Cen- 
ter) was laid out in part in the )-ear 1830 by Moses 
Fish, an early settler and the owner of considerable 



422 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



land iu wluit is now the center of the vilhige. Fish 
hiid out twenty-five lots, and directly afterward 
Ebenezer Fish, his brother, also a large land owner, 
began a survey for the same pnrjiose. He sold off 
only a few lots, however, before disposing of the resi- 
due of his property to Betts & Bibbens, land specula- 
tors, who platted an extensive tract. This was the 
first work of importance in the way of starting tiie 
village. Later, at various times, it was followed by 
numerous additional surveys by a dozen different 
parties, some of whom have yet to realize on their in- 
vestments. 

Although the village began thus early to push 
itself into notice, and thrived apace, it was not incor- 
porated until August 5, 18(i7. The persons who 
have served as village officials from that date to 1879, 
inclusive, are as follows: 

1807. Mayor, Bethuel Fish: recorder, Leonard Foster; trustees, A. 
W. Pop, J. S. Fish, Adam Kroehle, C. B. Galentine, Geo. Storer; mar- 
shal. John May. 

1868. Mayor, Bethuel Fish; recorder. Leonard Foster; treasurer, Levi 
Fish; trustees, A. W. Poe, Adam Kroehle, Seymour Ti-owbridge, L. C. 
Pisley, J. M. Curtiss; marshal, O. M. Wallace. 

1809. Mayor, Seymour Trowbridge; recorder, Wesley Trowbridge; 
treasurer, John S. Fish; trustees, Lewis Roberts, Eliphalet Wyatt, 
Alanson Clark, A. P. Wirth, Geo. Storer; marshal Samuel B. Root. 

1870. Mayor, Seymour Trowbridge; clerk, Wesley Trowbridge; treas- 
urer, J. S. Fish; council, I. W. Fish, Heni-y Fish. Wm. Towsley, Lewis 
Roberts, A. P. Wirth, J. M. Poe; marshal, O. M. Wallace. 

1871. Mayor, Seymour Trowbridge; clerk, Wesley Trowbridge; treas- 
urer, J. S. Fish; council, Lewis Roberts, A. P. Wirth, J. M. Poe, S. D. 
Phelps, L. C. Pixley, J. H. Storer; ma shal. M. J. Truman. 

187:J. Mayor, E. H. Bush; treasurer, H. Fish; clerk, L. G. Foster: 
council, L. ('. Pixley, J. H. Storer, S. D. Phelps, A. W. Poe, Ozias Fish 
Adam Kroehle ; marshal, Shelby Luce. 

187.3. Mayor. Wm. Towsley; clerk, L. G. Foster; treasurer, H. Fish; 
council, .\dam Kroehle, A. W. Poe, Ozias Fish, Jas. Gay. L. C. Pixley, 
Wesley Trowbridge, marshal, Shelby Luce. 

1874. Mayor, Albert Allyn; clerk, R. W. Whiteman; treasurer, J. S. 
Fish ; couucil, Wesley Trowbridge, L. C. Pixley, Jas. Gay, E. Wyatt, F. 
Clifford, J. Schneider; marshal, Shelby Luce. 

1875. M.ayor, Albert Allyn; clerk, R. W. Whiteman; treasurer, J. S. 
Fish, council, E. Wyatt, F. Clifford, J. Schneider, Jas. Towsley, Calvin 
Allyn. Carlos Jones; marshal, Shelby Luce. 

187ti. Mayor, Henry Inghatu; clerk, R. W, Whiteman; treasurer, R. 
A. Brown; council. Jas. Towsley, Calvin Allyn, Carlos Jones, A. Maude 
ville, Aug. Esch, Theodore Paul; marshal, .\. L. Van Ornnm. 

1877. Mayor, Henry Ingham; clerk, R. W. Whiteman; treasurer, R. 
A. Brown; council, Aug. Esch, A. Mandeville, Theo. Paul, Lewis Roberts, 
Thos. Quirk, M. H. Farnsworth; marshal, A. L. Van Ornum. 

1878. Mayor, J. S. Fish; clerk, J. H. Richardson; treasurer, Russell 
Brown: council, M. H. Farnsworth, Thos. Quirk, Lewis Roberts, J. W. 
Naff, Chas. Robinson, Peter Vonder An; marshal, A. L. Van Ornum. 

1879. Mayor. J. S. Fish: clerk, J H. Richardson; treasurer, Russell 
Brown; council, J. W. Naff. C'ha^. Robinson, Peter Vonder Au, I. N 
Turner. J . H. Storer, G. R. Davis ; marshal, A. L. \^au Ornum. 

Brooklyn village is now a thriving place of about 
fifteen hundred inhabitants, contains many fine resi- 
dences, has some important manufacturing establish- 
ments in and near the borough, and will doubtless 
improve in various ways after the completion of the 
Valley railroad. 

WEST CLEVELAND. 

The village of West Cleveland, with a population of 
one tliousaud five hundred, joins the city of Cleveland 
on the west, having its northern front on Lake Erie. 
That portion of Brooklyn was not settled until a com- 
paratively recent date, and had at first nearly all its 
habitations along the line of what is now Detroit street. 
Tliat thorouglifare is still the main avenue of West 
Cleveland. It stretches, within the village, two miles 



and a half west of the city limits, and is embellished 
with many handsome suburban residences of Cleve- 
land merchants. West Cleveland was incorporated 
in 1870, as a defensive measure — so it is said — against 
a prospective absorption by Cleveland. As the vil- 
lage records, down to a very late date, have been lost, 
we can only give a list of the mayors and clerks, as fol- 
lows: 1870 — mayor, II. W. Davis; clerk, Charles M. 
Safford. 1872 — mayor, S. F. Pearson; clerk, Charles 
M. Safford. 1874 — mayor, William Mitchell; clerk, 
.'Vlfred Lees. 1876 — mayor, Alex Forbes; clerk, Al- 
fred Lees. 1878 — mayor, L. H. Ware; clerk, John 
Hawley. 

Although the village is quite populous, it is so 
closely allied to Cleveland in a material sense that it 
is simply a city suburb. Its inhabitants are mostly 
engaged in business in the city, and attend religious 
worship there. There is no religious organization in 
West Cleveland, and but one jilace where religious 
services are held — a mission chapel where Sabbath 
meetings are maintained under the auspices of the 
Young Men's Christian Association, for the benefit of 
all denominations. 

THE INDLiSTKlAL SCHOOL l-AU.U. 

This is located on Detroit street, in West Cleveland. 
and covers si.\ty-one acres, upon which there are sub- 
stantial buildings. Iu 18G8 the widow of Simeon 
Jennings gave to the Children's Aid Society of Cleve- 
land eleven acres of land and the buildings upon it, 
to be used as an industrial school farm. The society 
obtained by donations sufficient money to purchase 
fifty additional acres, and since that date the place 
has been devoted to the noble purpose of jn-oviding 
for destitute and homeless children, training them in 
useful knowledge and eventually placing them in 
comfortaijle homes. During 1878 the children re- 
ceived numbered one hundred and forty-seven, of 
whom eighty-eight were placed in good homes. The 
average number of children in the institution is forty. 

LIXNDALE. 

Linndale, is a station on the Cleveland, Columbus, 
Cincinnati and Indianapolis railroad, and was at one 
time a place regarding which many bright anticipa- 
tions were indulged in. Three hundred acres of land 
were purchased, in 1872, by Robert Linn, and others 
of Cleveland, a town was laid out, building lots were 
freely sold and Linndale made a promising start. 
The Linndale Stove and Hollow Ware Company ex- 
pended seven thousand dollars in erecting a foundry 
there, began operations on a capital of fifteen thousand 
dollars, and with a force of fifty hands soon gave a 
business appearance to the place. Quite a number of 
dwellings went up, a newspaper called the Linndale 
Euterprixe, under the editorship of Mr. Robinson, 
was called into existence, and a hotel and several stores 
went into operation. 

Unliajjpily, however, for the project, the financial 
crisis of 1873 stopped the growth of the new town. 




Mm7Uiv'Xy£'(. ^" 



Martin Keu-ogg was born in Easthampton par- 
ish, Cliathain, Middlesex Co., Conn., on the 16th of 
February, 1793. His ancestors were Irish, and 
settled in this country at an early date. 

His father, whose name was also Martin, was a 
native of Marlboro', Conn., having been born there 
about the year 1765. He was a man of great in- 
tegrity and enterprise; was often called upon for 
advice and counsel, and, although not a member, 
was a constant attendant and liberal sa]>porter of the 
Episcopal Church. He married Raoliel Hosford, 
daughter of Dudley Hosford, of Marlboro', by whom 
he had si.\ children, viz.: Rachel, Martin, Joel, 
Alfred, Rechelsea, and Lucy Ann. Tiie latter is 
the only member of this family now living. Mr. 
Kellogg died in Easthampton in 1825. His wife 
survived him twenty-five years, and died in January, 
1850. 

The subject of this sketch received a common- 
school education, and, until lie reached his majority, 
remained upon his father's farm. He was then em- 
ployed in laboring by the month, which he continued 
for four years. In 1817 he came to Ohio, and re- 
mained one year. Returning to Connecticut, he was 
married, on the 2d of June, 1818, to Laura Adams, 
daughter of Benjamin Adams, of Colchester, New 
London Co. They at once set out for Ohio, in 
company with the families of Judge Barber, Mr. 
Watkins, Mr. Branch, and Mr. Ansel Young. 



They traveled the entire distance with ox-teams, 
the journey consuming forty days. Arriving at 
Cleveland in July, Mr. Kellogg settled in Brooklyn, 
on the place now owned by his son Alfred, and 
situated on Scranton Avenue. He immediately 
commenced clearing his farm, and, although sub- 
jected to all the hardships of pioneer life, was never 
discouraged. At the end of a com[)aratively few 
years he possessed a comfortable home, and on ac- 
count of its location his land subsequently became 
very valuable. 

In 1856 his wife died, and he was married on the 
8th of March, 1860, to Mrs. Laui-a Walker, who 
died July 17, 1863. He only survived her a little 
more than one month, his death occurring on the 
25th of August following. 

Mr. Kellogg was a man of staunch integrity and 
high moral character; an enterprising citizen, and 
one who took an active part in forwarding local 
improvements and the best interests of the com- 
munity in which he lived. Formerly a Whig, when 
that party gave place to the Republican organization 
he naturally gravitated to its ranks. Although 
taking an interest in political movements, he never 
held nor sought public ofSce. 

Mr. Kellogg had four children, — Alfred, Horace, 
Charles M., and Sanford B., all deceasetl except 
Alfred, the eldest, to whom this memoir and the 
accompanying portrait are due. 



BROOKLYN. 



42.1 



whicli ;it its best contained about eight hundred in- 
hal)itants. The land company, which had absorbed 
Mr. Linn's interests, failed to meet its payments on 
tlio land; pnrcliasers became alarmed concerning the 
titles and many of them forsook tlie place. The com- 
pany forfeited its lands to the original owners and 
Linndale staggered under the blow. Tlie paper 
suspended, the hotel and stores closed, and tlic Linn- 
dale Stove Company, which maintained a somewhat 
longer struggle for existence, went down in 1875 in 
utter failure. 

\Vm. Buckliolz, who had a small manufactory of 
portable feed-iuills, carried on his business in the 
town until the spring of 1870, when he removed to 
Cleveland. Since 1875, Linndale has been a very 
small aiul very quiet village, but faith in its future 
still aniuKites some sanguine hearts, and certainly 
tlier(! is nothing improbable in its becoming a jiros- 
perous town. 

CEMETKKIES. 

The first burials in the nld township of Brooklyn 
were made in a lot near the present graveyard on 
Seranton avenue, in Cleveland. These burials were 
four in number, and the next one — that of Mary Wil- 
cox, mother-in-law of James Fish, was made in 181G, 
ujion a half-acre lot owned by Mr. Fish. That lot 
yiv. Fish snbsecpu'ntly donated to the township for 
use as a public graveyard, and it is now a part of the 
Seranton avenue cemetery. The four graves above 
referred to were obliterated long ago, and occupied 
it is thought, a spot of ground now traversed by the 
avenue. The next public burial ground was laid out in 
1844, cast of the Methodist church in Brooklyn vil- 
lage. There arc now six or seven burial gi-ouuds in 
(he township, including Riverside cemeterv, a sketch 
of which will be found in the history of Cleveland. 

POST OFFtCES. 

A post ollice was established in Brighton in l.s.'ili, 
which until 1807 was the station for Bi-ooklyn village. 
It is known as Brooklyn post office, and has had as 
postmasters, from 1830 to 1879, the following: Sam- 
uel II. Barstow, (leo. W. IFibbard, William J. Case, 
C. IL Babcock, G. Wood ru IV, Daniel Selzer, A. Van 
Derwyst and Chas. Iluhn. Brooklyn Village post- 
"tliee w;i.s not established until 1807, since which time 
the posmasters at that point have been J. M. I'oe. A. 
W. Poe, E. U. Bush, Samuel Sears and John Reeve. 
West Cleveland post office was established in 1877, 
C. E. Ten-ell being the first apjiointee. His succes- 
sors have been Messrs. Beebe, Sweeny, an<l Oldfelder; 
tli(! latter being the present incumbent. 

THE CI.EVEL.VXD DRYER COMPANY. 

This comjiany, which is carrying on an extensive 
manufacture of super-phosphate near Brooklyn vil- 
lage, originated in 1803, when 1'. B. Uradley and Coc 
Hrothers, under the name now used by the corjwra- 
lion, began to make super-phosphate on Mill creek, 
near the line of the Cleveland, C'olumbus, Cincinnati 
and Indianapolis railroad. There they employed 



about twenty men in their works, which were de- 
stroysd Ijy fire in 1874. After that event the partners 
organized " The Cleveland Dryer Company " as a 
corporation, with a capital of 150,000, and built the 
works now used by it, on the line of the proposed 
Valley railroad. The company occupies eleven acres 
of land at that point, employs fifty men, and confines 
itself to the manufacture of the l^uckeye and ]"\irest 
City brands of super-phosphate. 

THE LAKE ERIE DRYER COMPANY. 

This is a firm comjiosedof G. W. Dart and W. 11. 
Gabriel, manufacturers of the Excelsior suj)er-phos- 
phate and poudrette at a point about a mile east of 
Brooklyn village. The works cover about two acres 
on the creek, and give employment to twenty men. 
A Mr. De Mar was the first to start these woi-ks, 
about 18G5, being succeeded in 1869 by Joseph Cook, 
who sold out in 1870 to the firm now in pos.session. 

OTHER MANUFACTURES. 

Davis & Wirth are somewhat extensively engaged at 
Brooklyn village in the manufacture of boots, shoes 
and sli{)pers, and employ an average force of twenty 
men. Davis & Richardson inaugurated the business 
at Brooklyn in 1804. After them Davis, Relton ct 
Co. continued it; being followed by Davis & Wallace 
Brothers, who dissolved in 1870. Mr. Davis then 
taansferred his business to Cleveland, whence in 
January, 1879, he returned to Brooklyn, and in com- 
pany with Mr. Wirth renewed the manufacture of 
boots and shoes in that village. 

Adam Kroehle carries on a large brick tannery at 
Bi-ooklyn village, in whicli he tans about ten thou- 
sand hides and skins annually, employing ten men. 
Mr. Kroehle has conducted the business since 1802, 
when he purchased it fnmi Mr. Storer, who started it 
about 1840. 

E. Jorns has a small tannery at the foot of Brook- 
lyn village hill, where he turns out about twenty hides 
weekly. On the Brighton side of the creek, Charles 
Mueller has a similar establishment of like capacity. 

NURSEISIES. 

Ebenezcr Fish inaugurated the nursery business in 
Brooklyn, in 1840, but did not develop it to any ex- 
tent until he placed it in charge of Wm. Curtiss, who, 
after expanding the trade and making it profitable, 
became Mr. Fish's partner, lie afterward bought 
him out, extending the business still more and eventu- 
ally establishing numerous nurseries in the township, 
to which he gave tlie general name of the Forest City 
Nurseries. In 1859 he took in Jiis brother, J. M. 
Curtiss, as a partner, who upon the death of William 
Curtiss, in 1800, assumed control of the business, and 
so extended it that between the years 1805 and 1875 
Ills annua] sales reached as high as sixty thousand 
apple and j)each trees alone. 

In 1875 he sold his interest in the nurseries to M. 
A. Wilhelmy, who has since then controlled them. 



424 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



RAILWAYS. 

Brooklyu is crossed in a diagonal direction, from 
uortlieast to southwest, by the Cleveland, Columbus, 
Cincinnati and Indianapolis railroad, its only station 
in tlie township being at Linndale. The Lake Shore 
and Micliigan Southern railroad crosses West Cleve- 
land, and also bears southwestwardly, but not so far 
to the south as the former road. The Eocky River 
railroad runs along the northern end of the township, 
parallel with the lake, to Eocky river. A street rail- 
way connects Brooklyn village with Cleveland. 

The Valley railroad, to run from Cleveland to Can- 
ton, is now in process of construction, passing across 
the eastern portion of tliis township). The entire dis- 
tance is graded, and it is now expected that trains 
will run between Canton and Cleveland by the first 
of January, 1S80. The owners have donated thirty- 
one acres of land in Brooklyn to the comjiany, as a site 
for its car-shops, depot, etc., and it is confidently be- 
lieved that the completion of the enterprise-will bring 
a decided increase of prosperity to the township. 

GLENN LODGE, I. 0. 0. F. 

Glen Lodge, No. 363, was organized in Brighton, 
March 21, 1855, with ten charter members. The 
present membership is one hundred and thirteen, the 
officers being as follows: George Schmehl, N. G. ; J. 
C. Wait, V. G.; Walter H. Gates, R. S.; William 
Treat, P. S. ; George Eeidel, treasurer. 

GLENN ENCAMPMENT, I. 0. 0. F. 

Glenn Eacampment, No. 181, was organized at 
Brighton in 1874, with ten charter members. In 
June, 18T9, it was removed to Cleveland, and named 
Cleveland Encampment, after an organization whicli 
liad previously existed in that city, but which had 
been suspended. The present officers are J. J. Quay, 
C. P.; J. S. Wood, H. P.; P. Shackleton, S. W.; 
W. H. Newton, J. W. ; Wm. Treat, scribe; C. Stick- 
ney, treasurer. 

BROOKLYN LODGE, F. & A. M. 

Brooklyn Lodge, No. 454, was organized October 
18, 1871, with the following charter members: E. T. 
Ellsworth, Henry Eichardson, Samuel B. Root, C. 
II. Babcock, G. R. Davis, John Lane, Frederick 
Wirth, Wm. Willson, Wm. Woodard, Ozias Fish, 
Chas. Mueller, C. W. Quirk, J. H. Storer, E. H. 
Bush, I. N. Turner, Thos. Quirk, Henry Fish and 
Theodore M. Towl. The Worshipful Masters of the 
lodge have been E. T. Ellsworth, C. II. Babcock, 
Henry Fish, R. H. Wirth, T. M. Towl, George R. 
Davis and D. W. Hoyt, the latter serving two terms. 
The present membcrshij) is thirty-eight, and the offi- 
cers are as follows: D. W. Hoyt, AV. M. ; T. S. Davis, 
S. W. ; A. L. Sausman, J. W. ; G. R. Davis, treas. ; 
J. H. Storer, secy. ; F. Cosgrove, S. D. ; W. C. Towns, 
J. D. ; Geo. J. Duncan, tyler; H H. Bush, chaplain. 
Regular meetings are held on the first and third Wed 
nesdays of each month, in the Miisonic Hall, Brook- 
lyn village. 



MILITIA COMPANIES. 

The Brooklyn Light Artillery was organized by 
Capt. Sidney Andrews in 1858, with twenty-eight 
men and one gun — a brass six-pounder. The com- 
mand Iniilt, in 1858, the structure in Brooklyn vil- 
i lage, still known as "The Armory," and occupied by 
Davis & Wirth as a shoe factory. After two years 
existence as a militia company, it entered the three 
months service in 1861, as a part of the First Ohio 
Light Artillery. Mention of the services of that 
regiment are made in the general history. After be- 
ing mustered -out, so many of the men volunteered 
into other commands that the company could not be 
kept up. 

The " Brooklyn Blues " were organized in February, 
1876, by S. G. Cosgrove, as an independent company 
of infantry. It then numbered forty men. The first 
officers were S. G. Cosgrove, cajjtain; R. W. White- 
man, first lieutenant: B. F. Storer, second lieutenant. 
Upon the organization of the Fifteenth Regiment 
Ohio National Guards, the "Blues'" Joined that com- 
mand as Company B, and as such are still known. 
The coni])anynow numbers thirty-five men, its officers 
being T. K. Dissette, captain; W. C. Towns, first 
lieutenant; B. F. Storer, second lieutenant. Com- 
pany B is equipped with Springfield breech-loading 
muskets, and owns its armory at Brooklyn village. 

BKOOKLYN HOOK AND LADDER COMPANY NO. 1. 

Brooklyn village boasts a fire comi)any, numbering 
thirty uniformed men, and having for apparatus a 
Babcock fire-extinguisher and a hook and ladder 
truck. No. 1 was organized in 1876, with thirty 
men. William Beaser was the chief; Frederick 
Wirth, the first assistant, and John Sweisel, the 
second assistant. William Beaser is the present 
chief; John Sweisel, the first assistant, and H. B. 
Wallace, the second assistant. 



ABEL S. HINCKLEY. 

Abel S. Hinckley was born at Chatham, Middlesex 
county, Connecticut, on the 5th of April, 1803. He 
is descended from Samuel Hinckley, who came from 
England in 1635, and settled at Barnstable, Jlassachu- 
sctts, and wliose grandson, Gersham, removed to Leb- 
anon, Connecticut in 1712. John Hinckley, a son of 
Gersham, settled at East Hampton, Connecticut, and 
died there at an advanced age, leaviug a large family 
of children. Isaac, the oldest of this family was the 
father of the subject of this sketch. He was born at 
Chatham, on the 31st of May, 1773. He removed to 
Brooklyn, Ohio, in 1814, and became jirominently 
connected with the interests of the town, liolding va- 
rious local offices and positions of trust. He was one 
of the founders of the Congregational church of Brook- 
lyn, and for many years was one of its deacons. He 
died on the !)th of March, 1851, respected and regret- 
ted by all who knew liim. His wife was Sarah Shep- 
ard, daughter of Abel Shepard, of Cliatluiin. Connee- 



CHAGRIN FALLS. 



425 



ticiit. Tliey were married on the 12th of December, 
li'.tO, aud had a family of seven children, of whom 
the subject of tliis notice is the second. 




js/^/./ -fi^i^u/it.. 



He came with his father to Brooklyn, and, although 
but eleven years of age, assisted his parents in making 
a comfortable home in the wilderness. There was 
then but one house in what is now known as the 
South Side of (Meveland, and the surrounding country 
was an untjroken forest. Young Hinckley remained 
al home until twenty-four years old, working indus- 
triously in clearing and cultivating the farm, and re- 
ceiving in the meantime a limited education. 

On the 18tli of January, 1827, he married Sarah 
Dennison, daughter of Daniel Deniiison, of Brooklyn. 
He then engaged in farming upon his own account, 
and continued in that business until 1873, when lie 
sold his farm and removed to the village of Brooklyn, 
where he iias since resided. He is a Republican in 
politics, but has never sought public notice nor office. 
As a citizen and a neighbor he is highly respected, 
being a valued member of the Congregational church, 
in which he holds the office of deacon. 

To ilr. and Mrs. Hinckley were born five children, 
viz., Lucy, (deceased); Aurelia W., at home; Sarah 
L., wife of Henry J. Brainard, of Hazelhiirst, Mis- 
sissippi; William FL, who died in infancy, and Louisa 
M., also deceased, ilrs. Hinckley dieil in February, 
18G2. Mr. Hinckley married ids second wife, Miss 
Sarah Foote, daughter of Edom Foote, of Brooklyn, 
on the 21st day of May, 18C3. 



CHAPTER LXXII. 

CHAGHIN FALLS* 

Sereiius Burnet— Two Hollars and a Half pi'r Acre for Land— Other 
Early Settlers— A Log Gristmill— An Unfinished Bridge— Adanison 
Bentley—Bentleyville — Beginning at Chagrin Falls Village — Noah 
Graves and Dr. Handerson— Newcomers in 1S37— A Tavern in a Barn 
-The Old Deer Lick- Cirifflthsburg— Bentley ville's Prosperous Days— 
Dr. Viucenl^-A I'riniitive Bank— A College Chartered— Lively Times- 
Sidney Rigdon— The Financial Crisis— Early Mail Facilities — Asbury 
Seminary— The Tippecanoe Campaign— Whig Riflemen and Demo- 
cratic Indians— First Paper Mill— Aune.vation of Nine Hundred Acres 
to Orange— Deacon White's Ax Factory— Jlore about Bentleyville— 
Formation of Chagrin Falls Township— First Officers— Enterprise of 
the People — Champion's Scheme- A Pleasant Village— The excite 
ment at the Outbreak of the Rebellion— The Soldiei-s' Aid Society— 
Since the War— Business Interests— Chagrin Falls Paper Company — 
Adams & Co.'s Paper Mill— Williams' Foundry— Gauntt's Machine 
Shop— Ober's Planing Machine— Other Manufactures- Congregational 
Church — Methodist Church — Disciple Church — Free Will Baptist 
Church— Bible Christian Church— Golden Gate Lodge— Chagrin Falls 
Lodge— Township Officers- Sketch of H. W. Curtiss. 

In the mouth of May, 1815, immediately after the 
war of 1812, Serenus Burnet brought his wife and 
little son, Stephen, and located himself on the west 
side of Chagrin river, about two miles north of the 
present village of Chagrin Falls. There he built a 
rude log-house, and became the first resident of the 
present townsiiip of Chagrin Falls. The nearest 
neighbors were in the Covert neighborhood, near 
Willson's Mills, in the present township of jMaylield. 
For six months after their arrival Mrs. Burnet did 
not see the face of a white woman. 

Mr. Burnet paid two dollars and a half per acre 
for the best river-bottom land, and the proprietors 
were willing enough to sell even at this rate, for 
Burnet's was for a long time about the end of settle- 
ment in the Chagrin valley. During the next ten 
years the lower part of the valley slowly settled up, 
and between 1820 and 1825 Jacob Gillett, Caleb Al- 
son and James Fisher became residents of what is now 
the township of Chagrin Falls, in the immediate 
vicinity of Serenus Burnet. 

But it was not u'ntil the year 1S2G or 1827 that any 
settlement was made in the vicinity of the present 
village of Chagrin Falls. At that time John Wood- 
ward and Benjamin Carpenter built a dam across the 
Chagrin river, below Williams" foundry at Chagrin 
Falls, and at the north end of it erected a small log 
gristmill. The stones were drawn by eight yoke of 
cattle from a still older mill, situated near where 
Edmund Burnet now lives, in Orange. 

About the same time Gen. Edward Paine, who 
owned the land west of the present Franklin street, 
undertook to build a bridge across the river at the 
falls, and put four stringers across as a beginning. 
The work was not completed at that time, however, 
and till' stringers remained, affording a precarious 
passage to tiie few footmen who occasionally ap- 
peared in the vicinity. Mr. W. T. Upbani men- 

•Many fanciful stories have been told about the origin of the name 
"Chagrin," applied first to the river, and then to the falls, the township 
and the village; it being often supposed that it conies from the "cha- 
grin" felt by somebody, about something, on its banks. It is. however, 
undoubtedly derived from the old Indian word " Shaguin," which is to 
be found applied to it on maps issued before the Revolution. "Sha- 
guiu " is supposed to mean " clear," but this is not so certain. 



426 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COriCTY. 



tions seeing them, in 1827 or '28, when hunting in 
company with his brother, E. B. Upham, Alfred 
Utley and Joel Burnet. The falls were then marked 
by shelving rocks, wliich have since been blasted 
away, and the youngsters cut down a tree, growing 
on the bank, for the fun of seeing it topple over the 
precipice. 

In the month of February, 1831, Rev. Adamson 
Bentley, a noted Disciple minister, then forty-six 
years old, having purchased a large tract of land at 
the junction of tlie two branches of the Chagrin 
river, moved to that point, and immediately began 
important improvements tliere. That same year he 
built a sawmill, and tliat year, or the next, he erected 
a gristmill; both being situated near the present res- 
idence of his son, Martin Bentley, about a quarter of 
a mile below the forks of the river. He built a card- 
ing machine and elotli-dressing establishment at the 
same point a little later, and thus made the beginning 
of a thriving hamlet, which flourished under the name 
of Bentleyville for over twenty years, and at first 
seemed likely to be the principal village in that part 
of the county. 

But in 1833 a new village was begun, which soon 
threw Bentleyville entirely in the shade, and has long 
maintained an unquestioned supremacy over the va- 
rious little burgs in the southeastern part of Cuyalioga 
county. It will lie remembered that at this time that 
part of the present township of Chagrin Falls lying 
east of the line of Franklin street, in the village of 
that name, was in the town of Rnssell, in Geauga 
county, while the portion west of that line was in 
Orange, Cuyahoga county, except a small tract in the 
southwest corner of the village, wbich was in Solon, 
in the same county. The land in Geauga county was 
owned by Aristarchus Champion, of Rochester, New 
York,* while that of Orange was the property of Gen. 
Edward Paine, the founder of Painesville, but then 
residing at Chardon, Geauga county. 

In the year 1833, Noah Graves, a Massachusetts 
Yankee, on the lookout for a good investment, after 
examining the water power at the Falls, went to Gen. 
Paine and jjurchased two hundred and ten acres of 
land there, for what was then considered the large 
sum of two thousand dollars. Dr. S. S. Handerson 
was either connected with Graves at the time of 
the trade or became so immediately afterward, and 
together they at once made the preliminary move- 
ments to start a city. Lots were laid out and offered 
for sale, and preparations were made for building 
mills. 

We cannot learn, however, that any houses were 
built on the site of the village until 1834. In that 
year Noah Graves, S. S. Handerson, Chester Bush- 
nell, Napoleon Covill, A. A. Hart and Ebenezer Wil- 
cox, all took their families and settled in the new city. 
In October of that year, Mr. Henry Church, the old- 
est survivor of the original pioneers of the village, 

•Aristarchus Champion died at Rochester only a few years since at 
the age of over ninety years. 



moved thither with his family. He found the fami- 
lies already mentioned, but only three framed houses 
those of Graves, Handerson and Hart. Mr. Wilcox 
lived in tbe house of his brother-in-law. Mr. Graves 
and Mr. Covill lived in a log house north of the river, 
while Julius Higgius dwelt in a shanty near hj. 

Chester Bushnell built a barn that season on the 
site of the Union House, in the upper part of which 
he lived with his family and kept tavern, the horses 
of the travelers being stabled below. Mr. Graves also 
built a dam that year, but did not erect his sawmill 
until the next year, 1835. Mr. Church, as soon as he 
arrived, went to blacksmitliing, his being the first 
shop in the new village. IIis partner was Luther 
Graves, (a nepliew of Noah) wlio had cuine with Mr. 
Church. 

I. A. Foote, a resident almost as early, came on the 
19th of October, 1834. He remembers but two 
framed houses, those of Graves and Hart. There 
was still no bridge, and Painc's old stringers afforded 
the onlv means of passage. Ira Sherman lived near 

by- 

There was an old deer-lick near the location of the 
upper paper mill, and when the first settlers came 
there were still bark hammocks to be seen hanging in 
the tops of the large, low beech trees, where the In- 
dians had been accustomed to lie in wait for the deer 
as they came to drink the brackish waters of the 
"lick." There was a tincture of mineral in the 
water, besides salt, and the neighboring stones were 
glazed by a sliining substance, deposited on the evaji- 
oration of the water. 

The Indians had then ceased to visit this jiart of 
the county and the deer abandoned the lick as soon as 
the white people began to settle in the vicinity. They 
were still abundant in the neighboring hills, and many 
a fine carcass was brought in by the early settlers. A. 
II. Hart was especially noted as a hunter, and Jlr. 
Church was almost equally devoted to the chase, and 
was a frequent companion of Mr. Hart on his liunting 
excursions. 

In 183.5 there was a marked iiiiprovcnK'iit in the 
new village. Several new houses were put up, the 
projected sawmill was built, and the woods cleared 
away for several rods around tlie buildings. Still 
there were no roads of any value in the country around, 
and all kinds of business were of course extremely 
difficult of transaction. Mr. Church mentions liaving 
frequently gone up into the settlement of Solon, got 
a bag of wheat and carried it on his back to Bentley "s 
little gristmill; carrying it thence, in the same man- 
ner, home to Chagrin Falls. 

The next vear, 1836, tlie erection of a gristmill at 
tlie falls made it unnecessary to go elsewhere for 
grinding, but the Avheat had stiil to be brouglit over 
most execrable roads. 

But those were the celebrated " Hush times," when 
everybody was bent on speculation, when paper money 
was as free as water, and when unbounded riches were 
consequently expected by the whole community. 



CHRGRIN FALLS. 



i2 



Scarcely an enterprise could be suggested in which 
men were not ready to engage. About this same time, 
183G, Gen. James Griitith found a water power on the 
Aurora l)ranch of the Chagrin river, and bought the 
upper jnirt of it. Ten men, mostly from Aurora, in 
I'ortage county, bought the lower part. GrifKth built 
a sawmill and he and the others planned a vilhige to 
he called Grillithsbnrg, which, like Bentleyville, was 
within the jtresent township of Chagrin Falls. (Jap- 
tuiu Ari'hiliuld Robbins, the celebrated sailor, who 
with Captain Riley was taken prisoner on the co.ist of 
Africa, and who is mentioned in the history of Solon, 
bought an interest at (iriffithsburg, built a store there 
and remained three or four years. 

Meanwiiile. for several years, lientleyviile kept 
ahead, not only of Gritfithsburg, but of its more 
promising rival, Chagrin Falls. John Oviatt came 
tliillier in 183i or "S.j, built a trip-hammer shop, and 
made scythes, axes and similar instruments in large 
ipiantities — that is, large for that time and place. 
Tills establishment was kept up for five or six years. 
Another, erected about the same time, was the tan- 
nery of William Brooks. In 1S35 or '36 Mr. Bentley 
erected and o})ened a small store at the same point, 
lieing the lirsi, store in tiie present township of C!lia- 
griri Fails. 

In ISo.j Dr. Justus H. Vincent located in (lie 
iiortiiwest corner of Bainbridge, Geauga county, ijuing 
the lirst physician who practiced to any extent in 
Chagrin Falls. In 1.S36 and "37 he was a member of 
tile legislature. All the projierty holders of the vi- 
cinity, with Dr. \'incent at their head, applied for a 
charter for a bank at Chagrin Falls. This institu- 
tion, however, did not get fairly under way. The 
nearest approach to it was a shanty in which one of 
the residents lived, which was set into the bank of a 
jiill. Tiiis, in consideration of its position, was 
(lulilu'il the '' bank," and the resident was breveted 
tiie casiiier. 

In Mai'cli. I,s3(), the first religious society in the 
township was formed, being called the " First Con- 
gregational Society of Morense. " There seems to 
have been a disposition to call the new village " Mo- 
rense," but it was soon given up. The j'ear before 
this (1835) a college had been chartered, which was 
to stand on College Hill. There was to be no lack 
of great institutions, and it is a somewhat amusing 
illustration of the spirit of the time that the first dis- 
trict school was taught the same season the college 
was chartered. The teacher was Miss Almeda Vin- 
cent, afterwards Mrs. Aaron Bliss, of Chicago. 

Her husband opened the first store in the village 
in 183(1, in the bar room of the hotel, but soon 
after l)uilt a store on the corner of Main and Orange 
streets. These were perhaps the liveliest times the 
village has ever known, except during a short time 
at the outbreak of the rebellion. Soon after Bliss 
opened his store, B. II. ami H. S. Bosworth also cm- 
barked in the mercantile business. Joshua Overton 
and Bennett bought and occupied the tavern. 



William Fay set up a shingle machine. Charles 
W^aldron and William Pratt were in business as shoe- 
makers, William McGlashan and Dudley Thoi'p as 
tailors, and Henry Smith as a mason. George Fen- 
kel was building his gristmill, which was in running 
order by winter. Caleb Earl built a clothiers .shop. 

Among other residents already there, or fast coming 
in, were James Bosworth, with his sons. Freeman, 
Sherman, Milo and Philetus, and his sons-in-law, 
Jason Matthews, Robert Barrows, Justus Taylor, Jus- 
tus Benedict, T. N. West, Samuel Graham and Tim- 
othy Osborn, all with families; also, Huron Beebe, 
Roderick Beebe, William Church and Zopher Hoi. 
comb. 

To add to the excitement, the celebrated Sidney 
Rigdon, who was then second only to Jo.seph Smith 
as a Mormon preacher, was dis])laying the glories of 
the religion of the Latter Day Saints in numerous 
sermons and speeches. That religion had not then 
assumed its offensive polygamous features, and Rig- 
don, who was known to be an eloquent speaker, was 
invited to deliver the oration at Chagrin Falls on the 
■Ith of July, 1836. He did so, and among other glow- 
ing predictions, prophesisd that there would soon be 
one great city, extending from Chagrin Falls toKirt- 
land, fifteen miles north, all inhaijited by the saints 
of the Lord. 

The next spring, 1837, the excitement was still 
intense, and the expectation of universal wealth 
through the medium of unlimited paper money and 
the immense rise in the price of land was yet un- 
abated. A Congregational church edifice was plan- 
ned, and the timber was drawn to the public square, 
which at tliis time was dedicated to the public, and 
included all that block on which the town hall now 
stands. Two-thirds of it w'as afterwards given to the 
Methodist and Congregational churches. 

Another grand celebration was gotten iij) on the 
Fourth of July, and was graced by a peculiar accom- 
paniment. The first marriage in the village, and 
[)robably in the township, took place on that day, 
the officiating minister lieing Rev. Sherman B. Can- 
field, the orator of the day, and the parties being 
Aaron Bliss, the young merchant, and Miss Almeda, 
the daughter of Dr. J. H. Vincent. 

lint while all was thus going " merry as a mar- 
riage bell"' in the financial and social world, the sound 
of approaching disaster came swiftly upon the ear. 
During the summer of 1837 the whole fabric of ap- 
parent prosperity whicii had been built up on a basis 
of worthless paper money, went down even more 
suddenly than it had been raised, and business all over 
the country came to a standstill. Chagrin Falls, 
like other ambitious, young villages, for several years, 
made very little progress. 

Notwithstanding all the energy previously dis- 
played, there was yet no post office in the village. 
There was a nniil route, however, ran by Seremus 
Burnet's place, where he had begun keeping tavern. 
From there the mail was brought once a week by 



428 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Marcus Eai'l to the house of his father in the village, 
where the people gathered to obtain their letters and 
papers, making it a post office by common consent. 

The first fatal accident in the township occurred in 
1839, when the young daugliter of Mr. Overton was 
burned to death by her clotlies catching fire. Mr. C. 
T. Blalceslee, to whose sketches in the Chagrin Falls 
Expositor we are indebted for a large number of the 
facts here set forth, mentions that there were no less 
tlian seventeen fatal accidents at Chagrin Falls be- 
tween 1839 and 1874. The same year Asbury Semi- 
nary was incorporated as a Methodist institution, Mr. 
Williams being the first principal. 

Meanwhile Samuel Nettleton built a furnace, which 
in 1840 he sold to Benajah Williams, by whom and 
his son it has ever since been carried on. Mr. Wil- 
liams had moved to the village in 1837, with his sons 
Lorenzo D., John W., William M., Francis S., Adam 
C. and Andrew J. 

In 1840, the year of the great '■Tippecanoe" cam- 
paign, two-thirds of the people of Chagrin Falls were 
Whigs, and nowhere was there more zeal in support- 
ing the Whig cause than there — in fact. Chagrin Falls 
has always been a very zealous place in regard to any 
(juestion in whicli the people took an interest. When 
the Whigs of the Northwest held a grand meeting at 
Fort Meigs, the male portion of Chagrin Falls turned 
out almost en masse. Dr. Vincent was in command 
of a company of Whig ritlemen. The rest of the 
Whigs were going in their i)rivate capacity, most of 
them assuming a sort of Indian disguise to add to the 
hilarity of the occasion. So great was the excitement 
that most of the Democrats actually proposed to join 
the Indians and accompany them to the great pow- 
wow. The offer was promptly accepted, and there 
was hardly a man left at the Falls. 

Four-horse, six-horse, and even eight-horse teams 
were provided to draw the crowd to Cleveland, where 
two-thirds of the voters of the county viava assembled, 
whence tliey went by boat to the Maumee. The De- 
mocratic "Indians" of Chagrin Falls acted faithfully 
ill accordance with tiie part they had assumed, enter- 
ing fully into the spirit of the occasion, and making 
no objection to the fierce assaults upon Democracy 
whicli resounded from the lips of eloquent orators. 
But when the procession returned to the Falls it 
halted on the top of the hill overlooking the village, 
and there these temporary Wliigs drew off, gave one 
parting whoop for Old Tippecanoe, and then, with a 
rousing cheer for Van Buren and Johnson, resumed 
their character as Democrats and returned to their 
homes. 

By 1S41 business began to revive. Aaron Bliss and 
John Mayhew built a large stone flouring-mill on the 
site of the upper ])aper-mill, with a semicircular stone 
dam. The latter, however, was carried out by the 
high water that same season, flooding the village and 
carrying off two bridges. The same year Noah Graves 
built a paper-mill on the north side of the river, be- 
'n\iX the beginningof an industry which has ever since 



flourished at Chagrin Falls. In January of this year, 
also. Dr. Vincent obtained the passage of an act tak- 
ing nine hundred acres from the northwest corner of 
t he townshij) of Russell, Geauga county, and annex- 
ing it to the southeast corner of Orange, Cuyahoga 
county; making recompense by taking the same 
amount from the northeast corner of Orange and an- 
nexing it to Russell. The latter tract, however, was 
afterwards re-annexed to Orange. 

In 1843 the census showed that there were a hund- 
red and nine families in the village, with five hund- 
red and forty members. There were twenty car- 
jienters, five Cabinet makers, four wagon makers, 
ten shoemakers, five merchants, three doctors and 
two lawyers. This was considered a pretty good 
showing for a village eight years old, and such 
as would justify making a beginning iu journalism. 
Accordingly C. T. Blakeslee, one of the lawyers just 
mentioned, and John Brainard, afterwards a professor 
of chemistry at Cleveland, and later holding the 
official position of examiner of patents at Washing- 
ton, combined their forces to start a newspajier. The 
•'forces" consisted of a little credit by means of which 
they bought a hundred dollars' worth of type on time, 
and of two pairs of hands with which tiiey made the 
press and everything else necessary to print tlieir 
paper, which they called the Farmers' and Mechanics' 
.Juurnal. Somewhat more has been said of it in the 
chapter of the general history devoted to the press, on 
page one hundred and ninety. 

In the spring of 1843, there was a good deal of ex- 
citement over the prophecy of "Father Miller" that the 
world was to be destroyed by fire on the 33d of April. 
About that time EarPs woolen mills caught fire at 
three o'clock in the morning. As the roof was satu- 
i-ated with oil, it burned off with extraordinary rapid- 
ity, casting its lurid glare over the whole village, and 
far up and down the valley, over the darksome rocks 
and flashing waters of the Chagrin. For a short time 
some of the people thought there was something in 
the Millerite talk, and that the destruction of the 
world had possibly begun at Chagrin Falls. 

Soon afterward. Deacon Harry White bought the 
pond belonging to the woolen mill, and established 
a manufactory of axes. As large numbers of people 
were then at work clearing up the country, axes had 
a ready sale near at hand, and Mr. Wliite did a large 
business. When the land was cleared up, however, 
the factory was abandoned. 

In 1844, both the Methodists and the Congrega- 
tionalists built churches at the Falls, these being the 
first houses of worship erected there. 

At this time there was a daily line of stages rnn- 
ing through the village, between Cleveland and War- 
ren, and the coaches were generally loaded with pas- 
sengers. The country had pretty well recovered from 
the financial crisis of 1837, and Chagrin Falls began 
to feel its dignity again. It was not satisfied with its 
position in the corner of Orange, and began to moot 
the question of having a township all to itself. Be- 



CHAGRIN FALLS. 



429 



fore recording its organization, however, we must 
revert to iinother part of tliu territory wliicli it was 
made to inchuk'. 

Altlidiigli ]5entioyville had not kept i)ace with its 
rixMl at tlie Falls, yet it boasted of no inconsiderable 
l)Usinoss. In IS-il a chair factory was begun there 
liy C. P. Brooks, which did a good business and was 
maintained for five or six years. About 1843 the old 
grist mill was leased by Lyman Ilatticld and turned 
into a rake factory. This, however, was only kept 
up about two years. There was also a factory of 
wooden bowls at the same place. Besides these there 
were shops of various kinds and fifteen or twenty res- 
idences; so that a traveler, who descended into the 
narrow dell wlierc all this industry was exercised, 
would certainly have thought that he had discovered 
one of the most prosperous and promising villages in 
the country. But from this time onward its prosj)er- 
iiy declined, its various industries went down one 
after the other under the adverse power of Hoods, and 
time, and competition, until now there is little indeed 
to remind the spectator of its former nourishing con- 
dition. 

At this time (IS-t-t), also, the tract now include<l in 
C'iiagrin Falls had been pretty well cleared up, con- 
sidering the roughness of its surface, and thirty or 
forty thriving farmiu's had established themselves in 
its valleys and on its hillsides. And so the people of 
the village and the neighboring farmers agreed that 
it would be a good plan to have a new townshij), 
though it is difficult to see what for. On application 
lo the county commissioners a township was formed 
in the forepart of 1845, to which the name of Chagrin 
Falls was given, and which included lots six, seven, 
eight, nine, ten, eleven, twenty-two, twenty-three 
and twenty-four, in the northeast corner of Solon; 
lots four, five, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thir- 
teen, fourteen, fifteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, 
twenty and twenty-one in the southeast part of Or- 
ange; and lots seventeen, eighteen and nineteen, also 
in Orange at that time, but which had formerly been 
a part of Russell, in Geauga county. 

Tlie first town meeting was held at the tavern of 
A. (iriswold on the Tth day of April, 1S4."). James 
(iriffith, Samuel Pool and Pliny Kellogg acted as 
judges of election, and Jedediah Ilubbell and Alan-son 
Knox as clerks; all being sworn in liy Henry Church, 
justice of the peace. The following officers were 
elected: Trustees, Stoughton Bentley, Ralph E. Rus- 
sell, Boardman H. Bosworth; township clerk, Alan- 
son Knox; treasurer, Thomas Shaw; assessor. Rev. 
.John K. Hallock (removed from township and George 
Stocking appointed in his place); overseers of the 
poor, (ieorge Rathbun and .Jedediah Ilubbell. Jr.; 
constable, Thomas .\[. Bayard; supervisors of high- 
ways, Sherman S. Handerson, Obadiah Bliss, John 
.Mayhew, Phineas IJpliam, Duane Brown, Jolin fiood- 
ell,"l{alph E. Russell, Xoah CJraves. 

Thus the township of Ciuigrin Falls was fairly 
launched ujjou its separate existence. There was at 



this time much talk of the construction of a railroad 
through it from Cleveland to Pittsburg. In fact, a 
line had been surveyed through the village the previ- 
ous year, and the people, with their usual enterprise, 
subscribed twenty-four thousand dollars to its stuck. 
The scheme, however, fell through. Whatever other 
faults may have been laid to the account of the people 
of Chagrin Falls, a lack of enterprise or intelligence 
could never be justly charged against them. They 
sought diligently to inform themselves on i-very sub- 
ject which came before the public, (taking more 
newspapers during the first twenty years of the exist- 
ence of the village than were taken in any other place 
of its size in the country), and liberally supported 
every enterprise which gave reasonable promise of 
promoting the public welfare. The only drawback 
was that in their abounding zeal they were sometimes 
inclined to support enterprises and encourage creeds 
which did not give reasonable promise of jii-omoting 
the public welfare. 

In 1847 the village of Chagrin Falls is described in 
Howe's Historical Collections as containing one Con- 
gregational, one Methodist Episcojjal, one Wesleyan 
Methodist, and one Free Will Baptist churcii, nine 
stores, one axe and edge-tool factory, one sash faetorv, 
one wheel and wheel-head fatitory, one wooden-bowl 
factory, three woolen fiictories, one ])aper factory, 
two llouring-mills, three sawmills, one furnace, one 
carriage shop, two tin shops, three harness shops, 
three cabinet shops, and twelve hundred inhabitants. 
Probably the numl)or oF thr inhabitants was some- 
what exaggerated. 

At this pariod, too, a good deal of attention was 
given to the grindstone quarries on the banks of the 
Chagrin, which were pronounced inexhaustible, and 
were worked to a considerable extent. These have 
been abandoned in later days, but it is by no means 
improbable that they may again be ojjened in response 
to the constantly increasing demand for that kind of 
material for building purposes. 

In 184S the Cleveland and .Mahoning railroad was 
organized, and another large subscription was obtained 
at Chagrin Falls, with the understanding that it 
should run through that place. It was, however, lo- 
cated through Solon. The same year the Chagrin 
Falls and Cleveland Plank Road Company was char- 
tered, and in this the people of the Falls invested fif- 
teen thousand dollars. It was partly built in l.S4!», 
and finished in 18.50. It was not found to be remun- 
erative, and was ere long abandoned, with the excej)- 
tion of the portion between Clevel md and Newburg. 

There was always an earnest feeling manifested in 
regard to education and all ci>gnate subjects. As 
early as 184"i a literary association was formed, and a 
few books were from time to time gathered. In 1847 
Aristarchus Champion, who, as before stated, was the 
original owner of the land in Russell, began to build 
a large hall, which he gave out was intended for the 
use of the village. In 1848, having completed it, he 
put in it some eight hundred volumes, wJiich the citi- 



430 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



zens wei-e allowed to use. The literary association 
also deposited their books there, and the building was 
known as Library Hall. Mr. Champion, however, 
kept the title in himself, and after a few years he re- 
moved tlie hooks and sold the hall. A board of edu- 
cation was formed in 1849, after which educational 
interests were supported with as much vigor as before, 
and under a more thorough and compreiiensive 
system. 

In 1853 tiie Painesville and Hudson railroad was 
incorporated, with a capital of a million dollars, and a 
line was surveyed through the Falls. So determined 
were the people to have a communication with the 
outside world, at any expense, that they subscribed 
no less than two hundred thousand dollars, on con- 
dition, however, tliat five hundred thousand should 
be raised in all. This enterprise, too, could not be 
carried out, and Chagrin Falls was left to depend on 
lumber wagons as tiie principal means of communica- 
tion with Cleveland, Painesville and the otlier ship- 
ping places on the lake and canal. 

Nevertheless, its extraordinary water-power, and 
the energy of its citizens, kept the village in a pros- 
jjerous condition. It was noted, too, for the good 
taste displayed by the people in tlieir dwellings and 
the surroundings, and he who looked upon its wiiite 
cottages and well-kept yards might Iiave thonglit 
himself in a New England village, enriched by the 
labors of two centuries, rather than in one the site of 
whicli had only twenty years before been a perfect 
wilderness. In 1858 the Asbury Seminary building 
was sold to tlie townsliip for a union school, for which 
purpose it has since been used. 

Thus gently, but prosperously, passed tlie time, 
until, in April, 1861, the guns of Sumter called the 
nation to arms. The people of Chagrin Falls had 
watched the course of events with even more than 
the ordinary solicitude of the loyal North. Their pro- 
clivity for reading and discussion had kept them wide 
awake on the subject, and when the tocsin sounded 
there was probably not a village nor a townshiii of 
the size in the United States which was more ready 
to respond than were the village and township of 
Chagrin Falls. 

On Saturday evening after the fall of Sumter, a 
large meeting was held in the village to provide for 
answering tiie President's call. It was found impos- 
sible to conclude tliat night, and another meeting was 
called for the next day. At Liiat meeting nearly every 
man and woman in the township was present, and a 
large portion of the children. All the churches were 
closed, for all the people felt that when the nation 
was to be pulled out of the pit into which traitor 
h mds had flung it, all days could lawfully be em- 
ployed. The most fiery, and yet the sternest, enthu- 
siasm was manifested, and as the result of the meeting 
the little township furnished a full company under 
the President's call for three months' men. Before 
they could be mustered in, however, the call was 
changed, and their services were not accepted. A 



large number of them at once transferred their ser- 
vices to other organizations, and during the war no 
less than a hundred and nine residents of Chagrin 
Falls township enlisted in defense of the Union. 
Their deeds are recorded in the histories of the reg- 
iments to which they belonged, in the first jiart of 
this work, and there, also, their names are enrolled. 

Those who remained at home were e(|nally anxious 
to help to the best of their ability. On the tiiird i^f 
September, 1861, the Chagrin Falls Soldiers' Aid 
Society was organized, and from that time untiljune, 
1865, under the efficient leadership of its president. 
Miss Jane E. Church, it was active in supplying the 
needs of the gallant defenders of the Union. During 
that time eight hundred and thirty-two dollars were 
raised in casii for that purpose, and four hundred and 
six dollars in supplies. 

At the close it was found that there was a consider- 
able amount in the treasury. It was resolved by the 
members of the society to add somewhat to it, and to 
nse the whole in building a monument to the men of 
the township who had been slain or had died in the 
service. This resolution was carried out, and the 
monument was erected during the summer in the 
beautiful cemetery which overlooks the village from 
the southeast. In Septemberof the same year (1865), 
it was dedicated with appropriate ceremonies in the 
presence of an immense number of pec^jle from that 
and the surrounding townships. In connection with 
the war we may note that (Jen. Benjamin F. Pritch- 
ard, of the Fourth Michigan Cavalry, the captors of 
Jefferson Davis, had previously for many years been 
a resident of Chagrin Falls. 

Since the war no remarkable excitement has 
prevailed at Chagrin Falls, but there has been a 
steady increase in business, and the village has lost 
none of its old, firm reputation for enterprise and 
intelligence. Beiitlcyville has entirely ceased to exist 
as a place of manufactures or business. An attempt 
was made about 1868 to revive the city of Griffiths- 
burg, and a large new grist-mill was erected, but tlie 
enterprise failed even before the requisite machinery 
was placed in the mill. Several destrnctivefires have 
occurred in Chagrin Falls village. A valuable row of 
stores at the north end was burned in 1868, and in 
1873 what was known as the Philadelphia Block was 
also destroyed by fire. But these losses were repaired, 
numerous handsome residences were erected, and 
now, what with its ))icturesque scenery, its abundant 
foliage, and the air of neatness and thrift which 
everywhere, prevails. Chagrin Falls is one of the very 
finest villages in northern Ohio. The number of its 
respective business establishments, professional men, 
mechanics, etc., is as as follows: 

Paper mills, two; foundries, three; woolen mills, one; 
machine shops, three; planing mills, two; wooden- 
ware factory, one; lumber yard, one; grist mills, 
two; banks, two; lawyers, two; j^l'ysicians, three; 
dentists, two; dry goods stores, three; groceries, 
three; hardware stores, three; drug stores, three; 



CFTAcniN FALLS. 



431 



hook and wall-paper store, one; jewelry, two; jiliotog- 
iiipher, one; furniture stores, two; shoe stores, throe; 
lijikcrics, two; niillinerv stores, four; fancy goods 
stores, two; tin slio))s, two; wagon shojis, two; shoe 
sliops, two; blacksmith shops, five; harness shops, 
two; inarlilo sjiop. one. 

\Vo subjoin brief sketches of some of tlic iiriiici|i;il 
iiKiiiiitMcturing establishments. 

I'lIE CHArTRIN FALI.S I'Al'El! lOMI'ANV. 

This estalilishincnt had its origin in 184(1, wlicti 
Noah (fravos ])ut the necessary machinery into an old 
sawmill, and began the manufacture of straw-pajier 
and wra))))ing-])ai)er. In LS42 Charles Scars i)ur- 
ihased an interest, the firm becoming Graves & Sears. 
They then began to make writing paper. Tn 1843 
ihc firm became Sears & Brinsmade, and the manu- 
fMcture of printing j)aper was commenced. In the 
winter of 1S43-4 Heaton & Daniels leased the mill, 
hut in less than a year Mr. Daniels sold Irs interest 
to Thomas White. The firm of Ileaton & White car- 
ried on the estaldishment until 1847, when Mr. Sears 
bought Ileaton's interest. The business was contin- 
ned by Sears & White until IS.iO. Yonnglove & Hoyt 
ilu'u carried it on one year. At the end of that time 
they were joined by D. A. Davis and Lewis Sykes, 
and those four, under the firm name of D. A. Davis 
iV Co., carried on the business successfully until 18o8. 

In the latter year Mr. Davis and W. T. L^pham 
bought the mill of Noah Graves and increased its ca- 
|iaeity. In 18C() Mr. Davis bought Jfr. Underwood'.'-' 
interest, and took his sou, James Davis, as a partner. 
This firm carried on the business until 1860, when 
I he mill was closed. It was soon re-opened, however, 
and was owned in rapid succession by I'. Warren, J. 
(i. Coleman, Pratt & Pope and Parker, Pojte & Co. 
In 18T0 the latter firm began the manufacture of thmr 
sacks on an extensive scale. 

In 1871 Mr. Parker sold out ami the linn became 
I'ope it Bleasdale. They bought an old |ieg t';iet(pr\ 
aiul i)ut in four large machines, and turned tlu^ old 
•• Union House " into a sack factory. In March, 187o, 
Mr. Pope sold his interest to Mr. Bleasdale. The 
mill closed the same year. By January. 1870, the 
Chagrin Falls Paper Company had been organized, 
and hail acfpiircd the property, the following gentle- 
men being the directors : D. S. Pojie, 1. W, Pope, S. 
L. 1*01)0, S. I. Pope and David Smith. Thiscomimny 
has carried on the establishment to the present time, 
doiug a very largo business and employing about fifty 
hands. The sack factory alone has a capacity of 
twenty-five thousand sacks per day. 

AllA.MS & CO.'s PAPER Mil, I,. 

The site of this mill was origimdly occupied b\ 
liliss & Mayhew's flouring mill. It was changed into 
a woolen factory by Bliss & Pool. It was then trans- 
muted into a paper mill, under the pro]M-ietorship of 
the Lake Erie Paper Mill Company. While it be- 
longed to this company it was destroyed by fire. Il 



was afterwai'ds rebuilt and pa.<sed into the hands of 
Adams, Uphani & Co. In 1872 Mr. Upham retired 
and the firm became Adams & Co., who have since 
been the jjroprietors. It is situated in the northeast- 
ern part of the village, at the extreme upper end of 
the rapids. The works occupy several large buildings 
and do a very extensive business, being princii)allv 
devoted to the manufacture of manilla pajier. Both 
steam and water are used, and from fifty to sixty 
hands are constantly given employment. 

lU^LI.ARIi \ march's WOODKN WARE FACTORY. 

This was established in 1842 by Curtiss Bullard and 
Cornelius Northroii, spinning wheels, reels, etc., be- 
ing then the principal article of manufacture. In 
1848 Mr. Northroj) sold his interest, and Mr. John 
Bullard was taken into the firm, which took the name 
of C. Bullard & Son. In 18.">7 it became C. Bullard 
& Sous, on the admission of Orson C. Bullard. New 
machinery was added about this time, and wliat is 
called "kitchen wooden ware'' became the ))rinci|ial 
article of manufacture. In 1867 the junior owner 
died, and the firm again became C. Bullard & Son. 
The business continued to increase, and was carried 
on by that firm until 1873, when Curtiss Bullard died. 
In 1875 J. S. Bullard became the sole proprietor and 
remained so until January, 1877, when Mr. Georu-e 
March purchased an interest and the firm became 
Bullard & March. 

In 1800 the firm obtained a patent for a new kind 
of butter mould, and this has since become the prin- 
cijial article of manufacture. Over a quarter of a 
million of these moulds are now made in a single year 
and the dennind is steadily increasing. Immense 
numbers of butter prints, rolling pins, eic, etc., are 
also made, all being sold exclusively at wholesale, and 
being shipjied to all parts of the continent. 

WILLIAMS* FOrXORY AND T11IMHLE SKEIN FACIORY. 

This establishment originated in the furnace 
erected by IJonajah Williams in 1844, and has ever 
since been in the hands either of Mr. Williams or of 
his .soii*, J. W. Williams, or as now, J. W. Williams 
& Sod. From the manufacture of the sim[)lest and 
rudest inm articles used in the immediate neighbor- 
hood, the estal)lishment has progressed until its i)rod- 
ucts arc now shipped by wholesale to all parts of 
Ohio and into several of the adjacent States. 

For many years the principal article i)rodnced has 
been the "seamless thimble skein,'" known as the 
" Williams skein," and celebrated for its convenience 
and durability. Numerous other iron articles, how- 
ever, are also Manufactured, including sad-irons, 
bolster plates, pruning tools, pumi) reels, etc., besides 
a large number of wooden articles, sucli as axe lian- 
dles, whilHetrees, etc.; all being renowned for their 
good (pialily, and the whole establishment, by its em- 
ployment of twenty artisans, contril)uting largely to 
the prosperity of the village in which it is situated. 



433 



THE TOWNSHIPS Of CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



GAUSTTT S MACHINE SHOP. 

Adin Gaiiutt started the first machine shop in the 
phice in 1844, in a part of Rowe's carriage shoji 
After nine years of steadily increasing business, he 
bought the Maple Grange woolen factory in 1853, 
where for two years he made machinery for working 
wool and flax. After four years' absence he returned 
in 1859, and has since been constantly engaged in the 
manufacture of various kinds of machinery. He now 
has a large shop in the lower part of the village, 
where he manufactures planers, matchers, small 
steam engines, horse powers, etc., as well as all kinds 
of especially intricate machinery. 

OBER UROTHERS' PLANING MACHINE, ETC. 

This establishment was built by the present propri- 
etors in 1873, being a sawmill, together with macliines 
for planing and matching lumber, making mouldings, 
sash and blinds, and similar articles. A valuable 
lathe for irregular work has been patented by George 
01)er, and the whole establishment is in a higiily 
flourishing condition. 

OTHER MANUFACTURES. 

Other manufactures besides the above are the Cha- 
grin Falls woolen mills. Rose Brothers' foundry, with 
Ira Smith's machine shop, D. Christian's foundrj^, 
W. A. Burnet's machine shop, J. 0. Malin's planing 
mill, and the Chagrin Falls niarl)le works, begun in 
1877 by H. A. Sheffield. 

THE CONGREGATIONAL CIIUKCH. 

Thfs was organized as an independent Congrega- 
tional church on the 36th day of July, 1835, the fol- 
lowing being the first members; Thomas N. West, 
Rebecca R. West, Alexander H. Hart, Polly Hart, 
Timothy W. Osborn, Sarah Osborn, Salome Crosby, 
Andrew Dickinson and Thomas West. On the 10th 
of .lune, 1S3G, the church was received into the Inde- 
pendent Corigregational Union of Northern Ohio. 
On the 3d of January, 1837, it withdrew from that 
connection, and entered the General Association of 
the Western Reserve. 

For eight years after the organization the pnlj)it 
was occujjied by various temporary supplies, of whom 
no record has been kept. Rev. John S. Jiarris 
preached from 1843 to 1845. Rev. Abram Nast began 
to serve the church as pastor on the 15th of October, 
1845. On the 5th of January, 1847, a constitution 
was formed, and the church once more became inde- 
pendent. 

In 1850 Rev. Mr. Ilojikins officiated as pastor. Ii; 
September, 1851, Rev. E. U. Taylor began to servr 
the church in tliat capacity, and continued unti 
1855. He was succeeded by Rev. Josiah Cannon, 
who closed his services in Juh', 1857. In June of thai 
year the church united with the Cleveland prosbyterx 
of the New School Presbyterian Church. 

For many years after this no records show the pm 
ceedings of the church, and in fact, owing to the wa, 



and various circumstances, during much of the time 
there were no regular services. In 18G0 a decided 
effort was made to revive and strengthen the church. 
On the 14th of April, in that year, it was legally in- 
corporated under the name of the First Congrega- 
tional Church of Chagrin Falls. In October follow- 
ing, the Rev. G. W. Walker was called to the pastor- 
ate, and since that time the church has been steadily 
growing in numbers and usefulness. 

Mr. Walker officiated until 1873, when he retired 
to take part in the government of Atlanta University, 
Georgia. He was succeeded in January, 1873, by 
Rev. T. D. Childs, who remained until May, 1874. 
At that time Rev. A. D. Barber was called to the 
pulpit, which he occupied for two years. Rev. Wil- 
liam Woodmansee also served for two years, and was 
succeeded in October, 1878, by Rev. Edmund Gail. 

The church is now in a flourishing condition, hav- 
ing about a hundred and ten members. The Sabbath 
school attached to it has seventy-five members. The 
deacons are (in 1878) Lewis Gilbert, John Ober and 
R. W. Walters; the trustees. D. C. Egglestou. John 
S.. Bullard and R. AV. Walters; the clerk, George 
March. 

THE METHODIST CHURCH. 

As soon as any considerable number of persons 
were settled in the township, the indefatigable Metho- 
dist ministers began to go •' on circuit" among them, 
preaching to those of their faith and to whomsoever 
else might be willing to listen to their words. Down 
to 1844 the services were held in school-houses and 
private houses, there being no otlier means of accom- 
modation. In the summer of that year, however, a 
Methodist church was erected at the village of Cha- 
grih Falls, which has ever since been occupied by tiie 
by the members of that denomination. 

Chagrin Falls was a part of a very extensive cir- 
cuit. The visits of the ministers were necessarily 
infrequent, and the records kept were of the most 
meager description. We find, however, that in 1854 
the circuit contained Chagrin Falls, Mayfield, Gales' 
Mills, Bainbridge, Orange Hill, Orange Center, Solon, 
Russell and Chester. The circuit ministers were Rev. 
Messrs. Patterson and Fonts. These two, together 
with Rev. D. C. Wright, also served on the circuit in 
1855. In 1857 Chagrin Falls and Solon were made 
a circuit by themselves, on which Rev. E. J. Kenney 
served in 1857 and '58, and Rev. T. Guy in 1850. "(io 
and '61. Since that time Chagrin Falls has been a 
separate station, with the following ministers: 

Thomas Stubbs, 1863, '63 and '64; John Graham, 
part of 1864; II. N. Stearns, 1865 and "66; John 
O'Neal, 1867; Geo. J. Bliss, 1868; C. T. Kingsbury, 
1869 and '70; G. W. Chessebro, 1871; N. H. Holmes, 
1873 and '73; W. T. Wilson, 1874; B. Excell, 1875 
and '76; A. H. Dormer, 1877 and '78. 

THE DISCIPLE CHURCH. 

Rev. Adamson Bentlcy w.as nnqupstionably the 
principal person engaged in founding the Discijile 



^ Dt NTorv/ 



CHAGRIN FALLS. 



433 



Church in Chagrin Falls. In February, 1831, he 
moved to the point now known as Bcntleyville, and 
at once began preaching in the nearest log school 
liouse. Before long there were about thirty believers 
gathered, and a chui-ch was constituted under the 
general superintendence of Mr. Bentley, with Gama- 
liel Kent as assistant overseer. The first deacons 
were R. E. Russell and Zadoc Bowell. For several 
years the congregation usually met at the Griffitli 
school-house; afterwards at the village of Chagrin 
Falls. 

In 1840 a large tent-meeting of the Disciples of 
Cuyahoga and Geauga counties was held at Chagrin 
Falls, which was attended by the venerable Alexander 
Campbell, the most prominent minister of the de- 
nomination. Siiortly afterward a church building 
was erected by the Disciples at Chagrin Falls, whicii 
has since been occupied by them. In 1849 lectures 
on the evidences of Christianity were delivered at the 
Falls by Rev. Isaac Errett, one of the ablest and 
most logical of the Disciple ministers. Nine years 
later, James A. Garfield, then a young Disciple min- 
ister, since distinguished as a soldier and a statesman, 
defended the cause of Christianity in a vigorous dis- 
cussion with riiitLou, a celebrated infidel lecturer, in 
which the youthful champion displayed much of that 
thoroughness of information and closeness of reason- 
ing for which he has in later years become celebrated 
on a wider field. 

Since the war the church has steadily increased in 
numbers and vigor, and now contains about a hun- 
dred and forty members, with the following officers: 
.1. G. Coleman and C. II. Welton, overseers; George 
-M. King, Ransom Bliss and Martin Bentley, deacons; 
Mrs. Jennie Burns, Mrs. Louisa M. Tucker, Mrs. 
Calista MeClintoek, deaconesses. 

Ministers have not been regularly employed during 
the whole of the time since the organization of the 
church, but have been during a large part of it; the 
following being the principal persons who have oc- 
cupied the pulpit: Adamson Bentley, Wm. ilayden, 
\V. S. Hamlin, \V. T. Horner, James A. Garfield, J. 
II. Rhodes, B. A. Hinsdale, Sterling xMcBride, R. G. 
White, W. S. Hayden, J. G. Coleman, Andrew 
Burns (lS7"-i to 1878), and James Vernon, the jiresent 
incumbent. 

TIIK FRKI': Wll.I, liAITIST <l[l- lU'II. 

This churcli wa?; originally organized on the 'i'tth 
ilay of August, 183'.), at the Isham school house in 
the township of Russell, Geauga county, by Rev. A. 
K. Moultou, with nine members, viz.: Henry E. 
W hippie, John Walters. Reuben R. Walters, Jehiel 
<;ood\vill, Emily Walters, Sarali S. Morse, Hannah 
Mason, Faustina L. McConoughy, Lucy Goodwill. 
The first pastor was A. K. Moulton; the first deacon, 
appointed in January, 1840, was John Walters, who 
still holds that |)osition; the second deacon was Wm. 
S. Phillips. 



In February, 1841, the churcli was legally incor- 
porated by tlie name of the Russell Free Will Baptist 
Church, and in vVugust following, John Walters, 
Otis B. Bliss and R. R. Walters were elected trustees. 

Mr. Moulton's pastorate closed in September, 1841. 
A year or two later the congregation, having in- 
creased in members, began the erection of the fi-amed 
house of worship at Chagrin Falls still occupied by 
them. It was dedicated in 1844, but was not finished 
until 1845. In February of the latter year the church 
took the name of the Chagrin Falls First Free Will 
Baptist Church. 

We are able to give a full list of the pastors with 
their terms of service, the church record being of ex- 
ceptional excellence. A. K. Moulton, August, 1839 
to September, 1841; A. R. Crafts, January, 1842 to 
April, 1843; Walter D. Stanard, June, 1843 to Au- 
gust, 1844; P. W. Belknap, six months; A. R. Crafts 
one year; E. II. Iligbee, June, 1846 to February, 
1848; G. H. Ball, May, 1849 to November, 1849; 
Norman Star, January, 1850 to January, 1851. 
From this time until 1858 there was no regular pas- 
tor, the pulpit being supplied by the Rev. Messrs. 
Daniel H. Miller, D. W. Edwards, J. C. Miller, and 
others. Rev. E. N. Wright was pastor from February, 
1858, nearly three years. The pulpit was then sup- 
plied by Rev. Messrs. Darius Woodworth, R. Clark, 
E. II. Higbee, R. Coley and others. Wm. L. Hosier 
served from April, 18G3 to July, 18G3. George 
Thomas and others supplied the place of a pastor un- 
til October, 18G4. Rev. B. E. Baker served from 
that time until October, 1807; W. Whitacrc, from 
October, 1867 to February, 1872; C. Steele from 
then till the present time. 

During these years there have been two hundred 
and seventy-seven members of the church, the i)re- 
sent number being sixty-four. The present officers 
(1S78) are as follows: Deacon, John Walters; trus- 
tees, Wm. E. Walters, Augustus R. Vincent, Irwin 
N. Warner; clerk, R. R. Walters. 

THE BIBLE CHRISTIAN CHURCU. 

The Bii)le Christian Church at Chagrin Falls was 
organized in 1846 with seventeen members. The 
denomination, which resembles the Methodists in 
many respects, is of English origin, and this church 
was established on account of the migration of a 
number of English families hither shortly before the 
year just mentioned. 

In 1851 the church had increased so that it was 
able to build a snuill, framed house of worship, whicli 
was oecu))icd by them until 1874, when the present 
commodious bricjv edifice was erected. The society 
was legally incorporated in 1809. 

The ministers have been Rev. Messrs. George Rij)- 
pin, John Chapel, Joseph Hodge, AVilliam Roach, 
William IIooi)er, George Haycraft, John Pinch, L. 
W. Nicket, J. Harris, J. Chapel, R. :Mallet and L. 
W. Nicket again. The church is now in a llourish- 



434 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



ing condition, with sixty-two members, and with a 
Sunday school of about ninety members. 

GOLDEN GATE LODGE NO. 245, F. AND A. M. 

Tliis lodge was chai-tercd on the 19th day of Octo- 
ber, 1854, the following being the charter members: 
Caleb Earl, Orison Cathau, Jonathan Cole, Apollo 
Hewitt, Roderick White, NatlianTlobarl, S. B. Kel- 
logg, Samuel Sunderland, Thomas Wiiite, L. D. Mix, 
Henry Burnet. 

The Worthy Masters in succession have been as 
follows: Caleb Earl, L. D. Mix, D. A. Davis, S. L. 
Wilkinson, M. A. Lander, C. M. Foote, R. W. Wal- 
ters, H. M. Doty. 

The following officers were in authority in 1878: 
H. M. Doty, W. M. ; C. M. Foote, S. W. ; James 
Lowrie, J. W. ; F. E. Adams, treasurer; E. W. Force, 
secretary; Philip Heintz, S. D.; J. W. Smith, J. D.; 
S. A. Bayard, tyler. 

CHAGEIN FALLS LODGE NO. 290, I. O. 0. F. 

This lodge was organized on the 29tli day of June, 

1855, the cliarter members being Thomas M. Bayard, 
John W. Williams, H. A. Robinson, Uriah Ackley 
and Bennett Robbins. The following gentlemen have 
served in succession as Noble Grands of the lodge for 
one term of six months each, unless otherwise speci- 
fied: J. M. Bayard, J. W. Williams, H. A. Robinson, 
S. N. Peltou (two terms), J. A. Foote (two terms), 
W. W. Ainger, G. S. Rathbun, H. W. Curtis, E. 
Sheffield, J. H. Vincent, L. A. Sunderland, L. B. 
McFarland, D. White, H. H. Caley (two terms), A. 
H. Burnett (two terms), H. Washburn, 6. F. Stan- 
hope, W. T. Armour, W. E. Walters, W. A. Braund, 
George Thomas, L. 0. Harris, R. W. Walters, 
J. J. Davis, W. W. Pliillips, C. R. Bliss, John 
Brooks, W. D. Stannard, D. Goddard, 0. F. Frazer, 
E. F. Douglas, H. A. Pardee, M. H. Isham, W. W. 
Wilber, 0. A. Crane, John Armour, A. B. Gardner 
(two terms), H. U. Bigelow, Wilson Wyckoff, John 
Haggett, M. F. Brewster. 

PRINCIPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 

1M5. Trustees, Ralph E. Russell, Stoughton Bentley, B. H. Bosvvorth; 
clerk, A. Knox; treasurer. Thomas Shaw; assessor, George Stocking. 

ISIC. Trustees, B. H. Bosworth, R. E. Russell, Charles E. Morton; 
clerk, A. Knox; treasurer, O. Bliss; assessor, Geo. Stocking. 

1M7. Trustees, B. H. Bosworth, R. E. Russell, Harmon Barrows; 
clerk, David Birchard; treasurer, John Mayhew; assessor, Noah Graves. 

1S48. Trustees, R. E. Russell, Leonard Sampson, E. P. Wolcott; clerk, 
David Birchard; treasurer, J. A. Brown; assessor, Noah Graves. 

1849. Trustees, R. E. Russell, E. P. Wolcott, Samuel Pool; clerk, 
Thomas Shaw; treasurer, Abel Fisher; assessor, N. Graves. 

1850. Trustees, R. E. Russell, L. Lampson, Hannibal Goodell; clerk' 
L. D. Mix; treasurer, Chas. Force; assessor, N. Graves. 

1851. Trustees, E. P. Wolcott, S. Pool, R. E. RusseU; clerk, A. J. Wil- 
liams; treasurer, A. Fisher; assessor, N. Graves. 

1853. Trustees, Horace Waite, S. Pool, R. E. Russell; clerk, John V. 
Smith; treasurer, A. Fisher; assessor, Geo. Faukell. 

183.3. Trustees, S. Pool, Geo. Gladden, H. Goodell; clerk, S. K. Col- 
lins; treasurer, J. H. Burnet; assessor, Geo. Faukell. 

1854. Trustees, Alonzo Harlow, II. Goodell. Ephraim Sheffield; clerk, 
S. K. Collins; treasurer, J. H. Burnett; assessor, J. W. Williams. 

18.55. Trustees, H. Goodell, A. Harlow, E. Sheffield; clerk, E. P. Wol- 
cott; treasurer, A. ITpham; assessor, Jonathan Cole. 

1856. Trustees, H. Goodell, E. Sheffield, E. R. Sage; clerk, A. Harlow; 
treasurer, A. Upham; assessor, J. Cole. i 



1857. Trustees, H. Goodell, E. Sheffield, A. Upham; clerk, Thomas 
Shaw; treasurer, G. B. Rogers; assessor, G. G. Morris. 

1858. Trustees. H. Goodell, E. Sheffield, A. Upham; clerk, Thomas 
Shaw: treasurer, G. B. Rogers; assessor, S. L. Wilkinson. 

1859. Trustees, H. Goodell, E. Sheffield, A. Upham; clerk, L. D. Mix; 
treasure!*, Chas. Force; assessor, L. B. McFarland. 

1860. Trustees, S. Pool, Orrin Nash, H. Goodell; clerk, T. Shaw; treas- 
urer, A. Upham; assessor, E. B. Upham. 

1861. L. E. Goodwin, E. Sheffield, Julius Kent; clerk. Thomas Shaw; 
treasurer. L. B. McFarland; assessor, E. M. Eggleston. 

1862. Trustees. E. Sheffield. L. D. Mix, CharlesForce; clerk, T. Shaw; 
treasurer, L. B. McFarland; assessor, E. M. Eggleston. 

1863. Trustees, E. Sheffield, L. D. Mix. Charles Force; clerk, Lucius 
E. Goodwin; treasurer. L. B. McFarlind: assessor, E. M. Eggleston. 

1864. Ti-ustees, E. Sheffield, L. -D. Mix, Charles Force; clerk, W. J. 
Armour; treasurer, L. B. McFarland; assessor, E. M. Eggleston. 

1865. Trustees, Charles Force, E. Sheffield, E. M. Eggleston; clerk, 
Vf. J. Armour; treasurer, L. B. McFarland; assessor, E. B. Upham. 

1.866. Trustees, E. Sheffield, C. Force, W. W. Collins; clerk, W. J. Ar- 
mour; treasurer, L. B. McFarland; assessor. L. A. Sunderland. 

1867. Trustees. E. Sheffield, W. W. Collins, H. Goodell; clerk, George 
King: treasurer, Th. Shaw; assessor, A. H. Rogers. 

1868. Trustees, C. Force, S. W. Brewster. Silas Christian; clerk, Elea- 
zer Goodwin; treasurer, Thomas Shaw; assessor, E. B. Upham. 

1869. Trustees, C. Force, S. W. Brewster, Silas Christian; clerk, C. R. 
Bliss; treasurer, T. Shaw; assessor, E. B. Upham. 

1870. Trustees, C. Force, S Christian, J. G. Coleman: clerk, W. H. 
Caley; treasurer, T. Shaw; assessor, E. B. Upham. 

1871. Trustees, J. Q. Coleman, S. Christian, Washington Gates; clerk, 
W. H. Caley; treasurer, T. Shaw; assessor, George Gladden. 

1878. Trustees, C. Force, Wm. Hutchings, Alex. Frazer; clerk, Aus- 
tin Church; treasurer, T. Shaw; assessor, George Gladden. 

1873. Trustees, C. Force, W. Hutchings, A. Frazer; clerk, A. Church; 
ti'easurer, T. Shaw; assessor, Geo. Gladden. 

187-4. Trustees, C. Force, Wra. Hutchings, A. Frazer; clerk, A. Church; 
treasurer, Alfred Williams; assessor, George Gladden. 

1875. Trustees, C. Force, Wm. Hutchings A. Frazer; clerk, A. Church; 
treasure!', A. Williams; assessor. George Gladden. 

1876. Trustees. C. Foree, Wm. Hutchings, A. Frazer; clei'k, A. Church; 
treasurer, A. Williams; assessor, Geoi-ge Gladden. 

1877. Trustees, Z. K. Eggleston, Wm. Hutchings, A. Chui-eh; clerk. 
D. O. Davis; treasu!*er, Joseph J. Davis; assessor, George Gladden. 

1878. Ti'ustees, Chas. Force, Alfred Church, Wm. Hutchings; clerk 
D. O. Davis; treasurer, J. J. Davis; assessor, Geo. Gladden. 

1879. Trustees, Austin Church, Z. K. Eggleston, Silas Christian; clerk, 
D. O. Davis; treasurer, J. J. Davis; assessor, L. O. Harris. 



HARVEY W. CURTISS. 

Harvey Willard Curtiss, M. D., was born at Cliarles- 
town. Portage county, Ohio, on the 32ud day of F'eb- 
ruary, 1824. He is the son of Chauncey B. Curtiss, a 
leading farmer and a man of large social and political 
influence in Portage county, who takes an active in- 
terest in public affairs, and has filled at different times 
numerous local offices of trust. 

The subject of this notice studied at and was 
graduated from the Grand River Institute, in Ash- 
tabula county. In 1849 he commenced the study of 
medicine, and m 1851 was graduated from Cleveland 
Medical College. He entered upon the practice of 
his profession in Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, but was 
obliged, on account of ill health, to leave the city. 
He tlien, in 1852, removed to Chagrin Falls, OJiio, 
where he has since resided. 

Like his father, he early became interested in polit- 
ical affairs, and when but nineteen years of age 
"stumped " his native county in the interests of the 
Liberty party of that day. L'l^on the organization of 
the Republican party he united with that body, and 
became active in local politics. 

In the fall of 18G9 he was elected a rejiresentative 
from Cuyalioga county in the Ohio legislature, taking 



DOVER. 



435 



liis seat in Jiuuiary, 1870. The question wliether 
Ohio siiould ratify the tifteentli amendment to the 
United States constitution was before tlie legislature 
during that year and Mr. Curtiss took an active part 
in eecuriug the ratification. He served as a member 
of the committees on railroads and benevolent insti- 
tutions. In 1871 he was re-elected to tlie legislature, 
and on taking his seat in 1873 was appointed chair- 
man of the committee on railroads, besides holding 
jilaces on several other committees. During this term 
a number of bills of more or less importance were ad- 
vocated by him with nuirked success. Ue also intro- 
duced a bill for the prevention of cruelty to animals, 
the first legislation on this subject in the State. This 
bill met with great opposition, but by persistent ef- 
forts of Dr. Curtiss and some others, a majority of the 
legislature was convinced of its propriety and it was 
duly passed. 

In October, 1873, he was elected to the State senate. 
The political i>arty to which he belonged was in the 
minoritv at that time, and hence he was assigned to 
inferior places on committees. Instead of forwarding 
desirable measures he was engaged in combating those 
he considered deleterious, among the most noted of 
which was the "Geghan bill," which it was claimed 
was introduced and pressed in the interest of the Ko- 
man Catholic church. In 1875 he was again elected 
to the senate, and served as president pro tern. Upon 
the resignation of Gov. Hayes and the installation of 
the lieutenant governor as acting governor in the 
spring of 1877, Mr. Curtiss was made president of the 
senate and acting lieutenant governor. He took an 
active part in the debates during this term. 

In the fall of 1877 Dr. Curtiss peremptorily refused 
to become a candidate for renomination, and in- 
structed the delegates from his township under no cir- 
cumstances to allow his name to go before the conven- 
tion. There was, however, such a strong desire to see 
him again in tlie field, that one hour before the con- 
vention organized parties were dispatclied to the Ikr- 
«/(/ office and a few ballots were hurriedly printed. 
Upon the second ballot Dr. Curtiss was renominated 
over four competitors. He accepted with great re- 
luctance, but was elected and served the full term of 
t wo years. 

In addition to his legislative duties he has taken an 
active and a ]irominent part in the administration of 
local affairs. He served for fifteen years as a member 
of the village school board, and then resigned. Three 
years after he was again induced to become a candi- 
date, and in the spring of 1870 his name was placed 
on both tickets. He was re-elected by an almost unan- 
imous vote. 

As a politician he ever preserved the strictest honor 
and integrity. Possessing great ability, tact and skill 
as a legislator, he always exerted his influence in the 
cause of right and justice. During the rebellion he 
was an ardent supporter of the Union, and contrib- 
uted in different ways to the assistance of the National 
cause. He is an active and valued member of tlie 



Masonic order, and also of the order of Odd Fel- 
lows. 

Dr. Curtiss is a man of strong and unflinching will. 
He is willing to receive the advice of others, but when 
he has once decided on his course, adheres to it with 
extraordinary firmness. As a physician he has beeii 
pre-eminently successful, and has attained a wide 
celebrity. Of dignified presence, courteous address 
and high character, he is in every way fitted for his 
profession of physician, as well as for the position of 
a representative of the people. In Chagrin Falls he 
is to a considerable extent the adviser of both poor 
and rich, cpiite a number of the citizens making a 
consultation with Dr. Curtiss the first step in any im- 
portant transaction. He was married in 1846 to Miss 
Olive B. Rood of Charlestown. They have had four 
children: Dwight C, engaged in the manufacture of 
paper in Akron; Dan P.. a iiromisinglad who died at 
the age of thirteen; Paul, and Virginia. 



CHAPTER LXXIII. 

DOVER. 

Boundaries, Surface, etc.— Attractions as a Place of Residence— Early- 
Settlement— Joseph Cahoon— The Old Tea Kettle— Cahoon Pioneer 
Association— A Large Riding Whip— Asahel Porter— First Store— 
Leverett Johnson— Philo Taylor— Dr. Turner— The Flat-Iron Cure- 
Other Pioneers— Blood's Tavern— J. & N. Crocker— Moses Hall and 
Family— Amos Sperry-Sj'lvanus Smith and Others— First Births and 
Marriages— Drowning of Mrs. Porter— Captured by Indians— Civil Or- 
ganization— Fitst Election and Officers— List of Principal Officers- 
Dover Center and North Dover— Post Offices— Second Congregational 
Church— Methodist Church at Dover Center— Lake Shore Jlethodist 
Church— First Baptist Church— St. John's Church— Lutheran Church 
—Schools— Dover Academy— Agricultural Society— Dover Lodge, I. O. 
O. F.— Northwest Encampment— Daughters of Rebekah— Other Or- 
ganizations—Burial Places— Dover Furnace— The Grist Mill, Etc — 
Wischmeyer's Vineyards— Dover 1 ay Grape Company- Stone Quar- 



TiiE township of Dover, which occupies the extreme 
northwestern corner of Cuyahoga county, is bound- 
ed by Lake Erie on the nortii; by the township of 
Olmsted on the south; by Rockport on the east, and 
by Avon, in Lorain county, on the west. It is town- 
ship number seven in range fifteen, and covers an 
area of about twenty-five square miles. The surface 
is generally level or gently undulating, the soil is 
fruitful, and the jjcople are chiefly engaged in agri- 
cultural pursuits. 

The farmers as a rule are men of education and 
good understanding, and they have not only trans- 
formed the forest of sixty years ago into fine-looking 
farms, but they have also embellished it with many 
handsome residences — evidencesat once of refinement 
and wealth. The lake shore region is largely devoted 
to the culture of the grape, the business being exten- 
sive and profitable. Fruit-growing has latterly re- 
ceived liberal attention in all parts of the township, 
and in time this branch of agriculture is likely to be- 
come very important. The public roads are numer- 
ous and well constructed, but as yet the limits of 
Dover have been untouched by a railway, although 
there is convenient railway communication at stations 



436 



THE TOWXSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUXTY. 



near at hand in other townships. Although there 
are numerous small streams their water power is 
feeble, and is used to only a very limited extent. As 
a place of residence, especially in the summer time 
and near the lake shore, Dover has attracted much 
attention, and in the season mentioned many come 
within its borders to seek the healthful atmosphere 
and cooling zephyrs found upon the bluiis which 
overlook Lake Erie. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The first white person to settle in what is now the 
township of Dover was Joseph Cahoon, who migrated 
with his family from Vergennes, Vermont, and on 
the morning of October 10, 1810, located upon laud 
purchased of Datus Kelley, the agent for Hubbard & 
Stowe, the Connecticut owners of this portion of the 
Western Reserve. Mr. Gaboon's family consisted of 
himself, wife and seven children, of which latter the 
only one now living is Joel B. Gaboon, who, at the 
age of eighty-six, still resides on the old homestead. 
/^They traveled from Vermont to Dover in a wagon 
drawn by four horses, and a fifth horse was ridden by 
the girls in turn, in order to give some relief to a ter- 
ribly tedious journey. They finally stopped on lot 
eighty-five, on the east side of Cahoon creek, at its 
mouth. In four days Mr. Cahoon had completed a 
log house, the big wagon-box having meanwhile 
served as a place of nightly repose for the females of 
the family. 

The tea-kettle which did duty on the occasion of 
the first meal taken by the Gaboon family in Dover 
is still in the possession of Joel B. Gaboon, and at the 
first celebration by tlie Gaboon Pioneer Association 
(held October 10, 1860, on the spot where Joseph 
Galloon built bis log bouse in 1810), a fire was built 
on the old hearth-stone, tea was steeped in the old 
tea kettle, and pies were eaten and made from apples 
borne by the first fruit-tree set out in the township. 

The Cahoon Pioneer Association, it may be noted, 
has for its purpose the annual celebration in a pleas- 
ant and social way of Joseph Gaboon's settlement in 
Dover. Meetings arc held upon the Gaboon place, 
and are participated in only by members of the Ga- 
boon family and their immediate friends. At the 
meeting in 1878, about one hundred and twenty per- 
sons were present. These assemblages were held for 
a few years upon each lOtb of October — ^the anniver- 
sary of Joseph Gaboon's settlement — but, in deference 
to the wishes of some aged people, the date was 
changed to August 28, the anniversary of that gentle- 
man's birth. 

Joseph Gaboon built upon Galloon's creek the first 
grist-mill west of the Cuyahoga river, the frame being 
raised September 10, 1813,* the day of Perry's vic- 

* There seems to have been a good deal of buildin.or and raising on the 
lake shore that day. One lot of men were tinishinsr the court-house at 
Cleveland; another was raising a barn in Euclid; Mr. Cahoon and his 
friends were raising a grist-mill in Dover, and there were perhaps other 
instances, of which we have not beard. 



tory. Joseph and his son, Joel B., quarried two mill- 
stones in the creek at North Dover, and these stones 
are now preserved on Mr. Gaboon's place as relics of 
the olden time. They also erected a saw-mill near 
by, and likewise a distilleiy, where they made peach 
brandy — Mr. Gaboon engaging to some extent in 
peach culture. 

In 181-1 Joel was sent by his father to Brownbelm 
for a man to assist in the distillery, and before be set 
out on his return be pulled a small locust plant for a 
riding whip. When he reached home he planted it 
upon his father's place, and now the riding whip, 
grown to a handsome tree of massive proportions, 
shades tlie lawn in front of the Gaboon homestead, a 
graceful reminder of the historic past. 

In 1818 .Joseph Gaboon built tlie liou.^e now occu- 
pied by his son Joel B., and there he died in 1829, at 
the age of seventy-five. 

On the evening of the day on which Joseph Ga- 
boon and his family entered Dover (October 10, 1810), 
Asahel Porter and his family, together with Leverett 
Johnson (bis nephew), then in bis seventeenth year, 
came into the same townsbii?. Leverett Johnson had 
been living with the family in Connecticut, whence 
they came to Dover. Mr. Porter, with the assist- 
ance of George Peake, of Eockport, put up a log 
house upon lot ninety-four, now occupied by Charles 
Hassler. The spot upon which the house stood was 
long ago washed into the lake. Of the two children 
who came with Mr. Porter, one, Mrs. Catharine 
Foot, still resides in Dover, aged seventy-three. Mrs. 
Porter was drowned in Eocky river in 1814, and not 
long after that event Mr. Porter removed to Eock- 
port, after renting his Dover farm to Silas and Elisha 
Taylor. Before that, however, he kept a store on the 
lake shore, in Dover, and was postmaster there in 
1815. The book in which he kept his store accounts 
is now in the possession of L. H. Jolinson, Esq., of 
Dover. 

Almost immediatelv after bis arrival in Dover, 
Leverett Johnson, although scarcely more than a boy, 
began alone to clear land on lot fifty-eight, continuing 
to live, however, with Mr. Porter. Two j'ears later 
young Johnson located upon lot thirteen, where liis 
son, L. H. Johnson, now resides. Usually he spent 
iiis Sundays at Mr. Porter's, but during the week 
lived alone in the wilderness. During the first sea- 
son bis house consisted of a bark roof set against an 
old log. He was the only settler in that section, and 
no doubt found life somewhat lonesome; but be 
worked sturdily away, and, although Indians and 
wild beasts were plentiful, he suffered no molestation. 
The Indians were friendly, and sometimes assisted 
liim in his farm labors; the wild beasts he seared away 
at night by keeping up a fire. Young Johnson mar- 
ried Abigail Gaboon in 1814, and conducted his bride 
to a new log-bouse, which be bad that year erected 
upon his farm. 

Mr. Johnson was early a prominent member of tlie 
settlement, and during his life was freipiently called 



DOVKH. 



43: 



to fill positions of considerable importance, lie was 

justice of the peace from 1827 to 1833, and served 
live terms in the State legislature. After a useful 
life of unwonted activity, he died upon the old home- 
stead in 1850, ill liis sixty-secQud 3'ear. 

I'liilo Taylor, an early settler in Rockport, located 
oil the lake shore in Dover, in 1811, and there built 
the first sawmill in the township. He also opened 
the first tavern iu Dover, but remained in the town- 
ship only a few years. Dr. John Turner, also a Rock- 
piu't settler, moved thence to Dover in 1813, locating 
on the place no\v occupied by C. C. Reed. He was 
I he first physician in the township, and had a pecul- 
iar theory about consumption. He contended that 
if the patient would exercise daily by swinging a fiat- 
iron in each hand, a cure would be effected. His 
wife, being consumptive, tried the remedy, but died 
in sjiite of it. Dr. Turner afterwards moved to 
Carlisle, Ohio, and thence to AVisconsin, where he 
died. 

Joseph Stocking came out from Ashfield, Massachu- 
setts, with his uncle, Jonathan Smith, in 1811, and 
jjurchased land from the latter, in Dover. He re- 
turned to Massachusetts for his family, but postponed 
their removal on account of the war of 1812. In 1815, 
however, he migrated to Dover with his wife and five 
children, accompanied by Nehemiah Porter, John 
Smith, Asa Blood, Wells Porter, Jesse Lilly and 
liyal Ilolden — all being related to him by blood or 
marriage. He migrated to Dover, and located upon 
the place now occupied by his son Joseph. There he 
lived until his death in 1877, at the age of ninety-five 
years and three months. 

Jesse Lilly settled first upon the North Ridge, but 
moved subseipiently to thcsoutiiern part of thetowu- 
sliip. John Smith located on lot fifty-five, and Ryal 
Ilolden about a mile and a half west of tiie present 
village of Dover Center. Soon after his arrival, Asa 
Blood built a log tavern at the place where he after- 
wards erected the brick hotel now kept l)y Philip 
I'liillips. In 1825, when Rlood was jjostmaster, one 
Woolverton drove a mail stage between Cleveland and 
Klyria, and delivered the mail at Dover ('enter three 
times a week. 

Nehemiah Porter, with his wife and two children, 
and Wells Porter, a bachelor, located on lot forty-five. 
After residing with Nehemiali two years. Wells made 
a settlement upon lot fifteen. In 181C Ebenezer 
Porter also came to Dover. Nehemiah and Ebenezer 
resided in that township until they died; Wells 
moved to Cleveland, and ended his days there. Jede- 
duih Crocker moved in June, 1811, from Lee, Mass- 
achusetts, with his wife and seven children, to Euclid, 
Ohio, wiience Noah, iiis son, went to Dover, where 
tlie elder owned land. Noaii, with his wife and three 
ciuldren, settled upon a portion of his father's land, 
and besides giving it some of his attention, used to 
go occasionally to Elyria to work in a furnace. He 
resided in Dover until his death; his children all re- 
moved farther west. In 1816 Jedediah Crocker left 



Euclid, and with his family settled in Dover, upon 
the place cleared by his son Noah. The old gentle- 
man had purchased considerable land in Dover from 
Hubbard & Stowe in Connecticut, but after his ar- 
rival in the West sold all of it except two lots, at 
$1.25 per acre — just what it had cost him. At the 
time of his settlement his nearest neighbors were 
Barnabas Hall, Thomas Foot, Sylvanus Phinney, 
Bernard Case, Jesse Lilly, Jonathan Smith, and 
Henry and Jasher Taylor. 

Moses Hall, of Lee, Massachusetts, bought twenty- 
one hundred acres of land in Dover in 1810, and in 
the same j'ear removed with his twelve children to 
Ashtabula, Ohio. Of the Dover tract, he gave to 
each of his seven sons one hundred acres, and to each 
of his five daughters fifty acres. Two of his sons 
Barnabas and James, and one of his daughters, with 
her husband, Nathan Bassett, settled in Dover in 
1811. Barnabas Hall located on lot sixty-two, now 
occupied by his son Charles, and remained there till 
his death. James settled upon lot fifty-one, but in 
1821 returned to Ashtabula, where he has since re- 
sided, having in July, 1870, reached his eighty- 
eighth year. Nathan Bassett occupied lot eighty-two. 
He had a turning-lathe, and manufactured chairs, 
and was also known far and near as a groat hunter 
and manager of bees. He was killed by lightning 
while at work in his barn in 1842. Nancy, another 
daughter of Moses Hall, married David Ingersoll, 
and in 1820 they settled in Dover upon lot thirty- 
seven. They had seven children, but survived them 
all; he dying in January, 1879, aged eighty-three, 
and she in April of the same year, aged eighty. 
Charles, a son of Moses Hall, settled in Dover in 1821, 
upon lot forty-eight. He died in April, 1878. His 
surviving sons in Dover are Reuben and Z. S. Hall. 

In 1817 Jesse Atwell, with his wife and five chil- 
dren, came from Steuben county. New York, and on 
the 4th of July landed at Cleveland. Fi'om tliere 
they pushed on to Dover, traveling so slowly that 
they were a day and a half in going to Rockv river, 
and seeing but one framed house on the wav. Mr. 
Atwell had bought lot sixty-eight of Moses Hall, but 
at the end of five years he bought lot seventv-nine 
from Ilubliard & Stowe for four dollars and twentv 
cents an acre. There he resided until his death in 
1875, aged eighty-nine. 

Amos Sperry came west from Oneida countv. New 
York, in 1815, and jjurchased lot sixty of Lyman 
Root, an early settler upon it, who then moved to 
Ridgeville. Mr. Sperry oi)ened a blacksmith shop 
and a tavern on his place as soon as 1818, although 
he put up no tavern-sign until 1824. That sign was 
recently in the pos.sessiou of the Sjierry familv. JIi-. 
Sperry kept tavern there only a few \'ears, but fol- 
lowed farming upon his place until his death in 1848, 
at the ripe age of eighty-seven. His son, Amos Han- 
som Sjjcrry, who had preceded him into Dover a \"ear, 
resided upon the homestead until he died. Junia 
Sperry, of Dover Center, is the only direct descend- 



438 



THE TOWNSniPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



ant of Amos Sperry now living. In 1818 Amos R. 
Sperry mavried the widow of Junia Beach, one of 
Elyria's early settlei-s. She survived her last hus- 
band many years, dying in Rockport in 1877, aged 
one hundred years. 

Among other early settlers in Dover were Jason 
Bradley, Jolm Wolf, Jetliro Butler, Aaron Aldrich, 
Lyman Root, Eber Loomis and Joseph Root. 

Sylvauus Smith was the first settler at the place 
now known as Dover Center, and built a Jiousc 
upon the site of the store now there. Asa Blood, 
who kept the first tavern at the center, married 
a sister of Sylvauus Smith, and two other sisters of 
Smitli married Ansel Rice and Asher Cooley, both 
Dover pioueers. Mr. Smith was a wide-awake, stir- 
ring citizen, a strong advocate of the temperance 
cause, and the builder of several liouses at the center. 

In 182G Joseph Porter, of Ashfield, Massachusetts, 
migrated to Dover with four children — Jemima, John, 
Leonard and Rebecca, going by way of tlie Erie canal 
to Buffalo, thence by lake to Cleveland, and the rest 
of tlie way by stage. Mr. Porter located on lot four- 
teen, where he died in 184-1, at the age of eighty-four. 
James C^ise, with a family of nine children, moved in 
1816 from Ashfield, Massachusetts, to Dover, and lo- 
cated on the North Ridge, west of Cahoon's creek, 
where he soon after put up a sawmill. He died in 
less than two years, leaving his eldest son, Bernard, 
to care for the family. He moved about 1826 to New 
Yoi-k. Another son, Osborn Case, is now a resident 
of Rockport, whither he went in 1833. James Case 
had served as a privateer in the war of 177G, and dur- 
ing liis residence in Dover had followed tlie pursuits 
of a cooper, a miller, and a farmer. Sumner Adams 
accompanied Case from Massachusetts to Dover, 
where he engaged in business as a blacksmith, re- 
turning, however, to New England at the expiration 
of four years. 

EARLY INCIDENTS. 

The first white child born in the township was 
Angelina, daughter of Asahel Porter. The date of 
her birth was April 1, 1812. It is claimed that Vesta, 
daughter of Nathan Bassett, was the first born, but 
the best available evidence shows the date of her birth 
to have been June 1-4, 1812. The first male child 
born in Dover was Franklin, son of Joseph Cahoon. 
The first marriage in che township was that of Lev- 
erett Johnson and Abigail, daughter of Joseph Ca- 
hoon. John S. Reed, of Black River, — the first jus- 
tice of the peace chosen in Dover, — performed the 
marriage service in Cahoon's log house. The second 
couple married were Jethro Butler and Betsey Smith. 
On the 1st day of April, 1814, Asahel Porter's wife 
and infant child, Noah Crocker, and George, son of 
Jonathan Smith, made a journey to Cleveland in an 
open boat. Upon their return, being overtaken by a 
storm, they sought to put in at the mouth of Rocky 
river, when the boat was capsized and Mrs. Porter, 
her babe, and George Smith were -drowned, Crocker 



alone escaping. The daughter of Daniel Page — who 
settled at an early date on lot ninety-seven aud put 
up the first framed house in Dover — while tempora- 
rily sojourning in an adjoining townshi]), was carried 
away by Indians, from whom, however, after a brief 
captivity, she was recaptured by United States sol- 
diers. 

ORGANIZATION. 

The surveyed township nowconstitnting Dover (No. 
seven in range fifteen) was, at the time of its earliest 
settlement, owned by Nehemiah Hubbard and Josiah 
S to we, to whom it had fallen on the division of the 
Western Reserve among the joint proprietors, as narra- 
ted in the general history. The civil township of Do- 
ver was formed November 4, 1811, and embraced a 
large tract, extending nearly twenty-five miles along 
the lake shore as appears by the following extracts from 
the records: November 4, 1811, it was by the county 
commissioners ordered "that the following townships 
be and are hereby incorporated into a separate town" 
ship by the name of Dover, viz: Townshijjs No. seven 
in fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth ranges and all 
that part of No. seven which lies east of the Black 
river in the eighteenth range, and to be in effect on 
the next annual meeting." * * * March 6, 1812, 
it was further ordered "that all that tract of land 
lying west of the town of Dover and west of township 
No. six in range sixteen, and east of the east line of 
the Fire-lands, so called, and north of township five 
in ranges seventeen, eighteen and nineteen, be and is 
hereby annexed to said township of Dover." 

The first township election was held April 6, 1812, 
at the house of Pliilo Taylor, at which eighteen votes 
were cast by the following electors: Pliilo Taylor, 
George Kelso, John Jordan, John Brittle, Noah Da- 
vis, Andrew Kelso, Timothy Wallace, David Smith, 
Joseph Calioon, Joseph Qnigley, Ralph Lyon, Joseph 
Root, Jonathan Seeley, Moses Eldred, Azariah Beebe, 
Lyman Root, Asahel Porter and Daniel Perry. Some 
of these lived as far west as Black river, aud some 
lost all identity with Dover, on account of its con- 
traction to its present limits. 

The officers chosen at that election were Asahel 
Porter, township clerk; Daniel Periy, Jose2ih Quigley 
and Asahel Porter, trustees; Asahel Porter, Jose])h 
Cahoon and Azariah Beebe, overseers of the poor; 
Andrew Kelso and Moses Eldred, fence viewers; 
Jonathan Seeley, lister and appraiser; Noah Davis, 
Ralph Lyon, Moses Eldred, Sylvauus Fleming, Daniel 
Brittle aud Lyman Root, supervisors of highways; 
Philo Taylor, treasurer; Jonathan Seeley and Philo 
Taylor, constables. On the 16th of May, 1812, John 
S. Reed was chosen justice of the peace. At the 
second election, which was for State officers, only ten 
votes were cast. In 1819 but tliirty-two votes were 
cast at the township election. The names of the per- 
sons who have served the township as trustees, clerks 
aud treasurers from 1812 to 1879, are given in the 
following list: 



DOVER. 



439 



ISli. Trustees, Daniel Perry, Joseph Qaigley, Asauel Porter; clerk, 
Asahel Porter; treasurer, Philo Taylor. 

ISI.!. Trustees, >fathan Bassett, Noah Crocker, Daniel Perry; clerk, 
Asahel Pi>rti'r; treasurer, Philo Tivylor. 

isil. Trustees. Daniel Perry, Jonathan Taylor, John Turner; clerk, 
.\snhel Porter; treasurer, Philo Taylor. 

Isi."). Trustees, Amos K. Sperry, Daniel Perry, Nathan Itassett: elerk, 
.Tiihn Turner; treasurer, Leverett Johnson. 

isiii. Trustees, Wilbur Cahoon, Nathan Bassett, DatusKelley; clejk, 
Noah t'rocker; treasurer, Leverett Johnson. 

1H17. Trustees, Nathan IJassett, Joseph StockinR, Asa lilood; clerk, 
Noah ('rocker; treasurer, Leverett Johnson. 

ISIS. Trustees. Henry Taylor. Leverett Johnson, Samuel Crocker; 
clerk, Noah Crocker; treasurer, Thomas Foot. 

1819. Trustees, John Smith, Samuel Crocker, Amos Cahoon; clerk, 
Thomas Foot; treasurer, Samuel Crocker. 

lS2i). Trustees, Leverett .Johnson, Amos Cahoon, Thomas Foot; clerk, 
Sanniel Crocker; treasurer, Jedediah Crocker. 

Wil. Trustees. Nathan Bassett, Amos R. Sperry, Leverett Johnson; 
clerk, John F. Smith; treasurer, Amos R. Sperry. 

lX2i. Trustees, Amos R. Sperry, Noah Crocker, Amos Cahoon; clerk, 
John F. Smith; treasurer, Henry Taylor. 

ISii. Trustees, Noah Crocker, Amos Cahoon, David Ingersoll; clerk, 
Asa Blood; treasurer, Henry T.iylor. 

1H21. Trustees. Nathan Bassett, David Ingersoll, Thomas Foot; clerk, 
Asa Blood; treasurer, Henry Taylor. 

is-.i5. Trustees, Nathan Bassett. Joseph Stocking, .\sher M. Coe; 
clerk. Wells Porter; treasurer, Noah Cracker. 

18-21!. Trustees, Joseph Stocking, Thomas Foot; clerk, Wells Porter; 
treasurer, Noah Crocker. 

isar. Trustees, Leverett Johnson, Nathan Bassett, John Smith ; clerk, 
Wells Porter; treasurer. Joseph Stocking. 

ISJH Trustees, Leverett Johnson, John Smith, Thos. Foot; clerk, 
Wells Porter; treasurer, Joseph Stocking. 

IS:.'!!. Trustees, Thos. Foot, Joseph Stocking, Leverett Johnson; clerk, 
Wells Porter; treasurer, Hiram Smith. 

isio. Trustees, Nathan Bassett, Asa Blood, Amos R. Sperrj*; clerk, 
Wi'lls Porter; treasurer, Hiram Smith. 

issi. Trustees, A. M. Coe, Asa Blood, Thos. Foot; clerk, Jason Brad- 
ley; treasurer, Hiram Smith. 

W-ia. Trustees, Amos Cahoon, Itathan Bassett, A. M. Coe; clerk, Eli 
Clemens; treasurer, Hiram Smith. 

IKja. Trustees, Amos Cahoon, Rial Holden, Asa Blood; clerk, Eli 
Clemens; treasurer, Asher Cooley. 

1S3I. Trustees, Amos Cahoon, Chas. Hall, Leverett Johnson; clerk, 
Eli Clemens; treasurer, Asher Cooley. 

1K3.5. Trustees, Amos Cahoon, Leverett Johnson, Amos R. Sperry; 
clerk, Eli Clemens; treasurer, Asher Cooley. 

l.s;tli and iwir. Trustees, .\mos Cahoon, Leverett ,Iohn.son, Thomas 
Foot; clerk, Ell Clemens; treasurer, Asher Cooley. 

isis. Trustees, A. R. Sperry, Nathan Bassett, Austin Lilly; clerk, Eli 
Clemens; treasurer. Asher Cooley. 

Will. Trustees, Leverett Johnson, Nathan Bassett, .\usliri Lilly; clerk 
Eli Clemens; treasurer, Asher Cooley. 

1810. Trustees, Leverett Johnson, Arza Dickinson, .Varon .\ldrich; 
clerk, Eli Clemens; treasurer, L. G. Porter. 

IH41. Trustees, Leverett Johnson, Thomas Foot, Charles; Hall; clerk. 
Eli Clemens; treasurer, L G. Porter. 

IH-IS. Trustees, Amos Cahoon, A. S. Farr, A. R. Sperry; clerk, E. T. 
Smith; treasurer, Marius Moore. 

11*13. Trustees. A. S. Farr, Austin Lilly, A. M. Coe; clerk, E. T. Sniilh: 
treasurer, Marius Moore. 

l.s.tl. Trustees Joseph Brown, Leverett Johnson, Benjamin Kied: 
clerk, E. T. Smith: treasurer, L. G. Porter. 

1815. Trustees, A. S. Farr, Aaron Aldrlch, Benj. Reed; clerk, W. Por- 
ter; treasurer, L. G. Porter. 

IHKi. Trustees, Aaron .Vldrich, Leverett Johnson, Marius Moore; 
clerk, W. Porter; treasui-er, L. (J. Porter. 

1H47. Trustees, Leverett Johnson, Arza Dickinson, Thomas H. Hall; 
clerk, \\ ells Porter; treasurer, L. O. Porter. 

IHIK. Trustees. Arza Dickinsou, Chas. H. Hall. Alfred Willard; clerk. 
Wells Porter; treasurer, L. O. Porter. 

IMll. Trustees, A. M. Coe, Wm. Saddler, N. Coburn; clerk, J. M. Brad- 
ley; treasurer, Edwin Coe. 

18.'i0. Trustees, A. M. Coe, S. U. Towner, Henry Winsor; clerk, Eli 
Clemens; treasurer, D. W. Porter. 

1H&1. Trustees. S. U. Towner. Henry Winsor, N. H. .\ustin: clerk, Eli 
Clemens; treasurer, Marius Moore. 

I85S and 185.!. Trustees, Marius Moore, C. H. Tobey, Chas. IL Hall; 
clerk, L. H. Johnson; treasurer, Edwin Farr. 

1S.M. Trustees, Marius Moore, C. H. Tobey, Chas. H. Hall; clerk, L. 
H. Johnson; treasurer, Lester Simons. 

1H.M. Trustees, Chas. H. Hall, D. W. Porter, R. G. McCarty; clerk, A. 
.\. Lilly; treasurer. . 

185«. Trustees, C. E. Barnum, H. H. Knight, Edwin Farr: clerk, Eli 
Clemens; treasurer, Jonathan Spencer. 



1857. Trustees, R. H. Knight, N. H. Austin, Q. W. Laughlin; clerk, 
Eli Clemens ; treasurer, J. Spencer. 

1858. Trustees, A. S. Farr, Josiah Hurst. Reuben Hall: clerk Eli 
Clemens; treasurer, J. Spencer. 

1859. Trustees, Josiah Hurst, Dennis Dow, Clark Smith: clerk, .lolni 
W'ilson. 

ISIIO. Trustees, Dennis Dow, S. L. Beebe, A. P. Johnson; clerk. John 
Wilson. 
j 18iil. Trustees, Josiah Hurst, Reuben Hall, A. P.Johnson; clerk, John 
Wilson. 

1862. Trustees, Jonathan Spencer, Adolphus Gridley, Dennis Dow: 
clerk, Eli Clemens. 

1863. Trustees, A. J. Coe, Jonathan Spencer, Edwin Farr; clerk, 
Thos. Foote. 

1804. Trustees, Dennis Dow, Junia Sperry, H. W. Aldrich; clerk, A. 
A. Lilly. 

18i'>5. Trustees. Dennis Dow, Thos. Foot, A. P. Johnson; clerk, A. A. 
Lilly. 

18(;i). Trustees, H. D. Lanphair, S. W. Simons, E. F. Walker; clerk, 
E. Meriam. 

1867. Trustees, L. H. Johnson, J. Rose, E. S. Lewis; clerk, A. S. 
Porter. 

1,868. Trustees, J. Rose, A. S. Ward, S. W. Simons; clerk, A. S. 
Porter. 

1869. Trustees, J. Rose, A. A. Lilly, A. S. Ward; clerk, i. S. Porter. 

1870. Trustees, A. A. Lilly, A. P. Smith, H. P. Johnson; clerk, A. 
S. Porter. 

1871. Trustees, R. Hall, G. Reublin, N. G. Porter; clerk, C. Pease. 

1872. Trustees, A. G. Porter, Leon Coe, J. N. Hurst; clerk, C. Pease. 

1878. Trustees, L. H. Johnson, Leon Coe, A. J. Coe; clerk, C. Pease. 

1874. Trustees, A. J. Coe, Perry Powell, J. N. Hurst; clerk, H. B. 
Smith. 

1875. Perry Powell, S. W. Simons, J. N. Hurst; clerk, H. B. Smith. 

1876. Trustees, S. W. Simons, A. J. Coe, Reuben Hall; clerk, John 
Wilson. 

1877. Trustees, S. W. Simons, L. M. Coe, Henry Wischmeyer; clerk, 
John Wilson. 

1878 Trustees, Jas. L. Hadd, S. W. Simons, H. Wischmeyer; clerk, 
Jas. Pease ; ti-easurer, Calvin Pease. 

1879. Trustees, A. ,1. Coe, David Sites, Benj. Chappel; clerk, Herbert 
Lilly; treasurer. Calvin Pease. 

VILLAGES. 

Altliousli jiossessing no iucorponited village, Dover 
hits witliiu its limits two Imnilets— Dover Center mid 
North Dover — of which the former is the larger and 
more thriving. The town Jiall is located there — a 
fine two-story brick strnctnre, bnilt in 1873 — and it 
also has a graded school, a Masonic and Odd Fellows' 
lodge, a large steam gristmill, a store, several shops, 
a cluircli and a good number of handsome residences. 

North Dover, a mile north of the Center, is near a 
German settlement and has a German church, an e.x- 
cellent German school, a township school, a store and 
perhaps a dozen dwellings. 

POST OFFICES. 

Dover's first postmaster was Asahel Porter, who 
kej)t a store and post office on the lake shore near tlie 
Avon line in 181.5. Reuben Osborn was his successor, 
and afterwards Eli Clemens received the office. He 
removed it to North Dover, where it now is. Calvin 
Phiniiey was the ne.xt incumbent, and after him 
Daniel Brown, the present postmaster. 

The first postmaster at Dover Center was Asa 
Blood, who kept the tavern at that place. Marius 
Moore, who succeeded Blood as the landlord, was also 
the ne.xt postmaster, and for many years the jiost- 
office was locateil in the tavern. Tlie present incum- 
bent is Hon. J. M. Cooley. A. M. Coe, a settler in 
1823, was appointed postmaster at Coe Ridge, in the 
southern jiart of Dover, in 1843, and remained so 
until 1804. The office was removed into Olmstead iii 



440 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CtTYAHOGA COtTNTt. 



1864, but in 1866 it was hiouglit b.ick to Dover, when 
Mr. Coe was reappointed, continuing in the office 
until his death in 1867. In 1874: a change to Olm- 
stead was again made, and there the office .still re- 
mains. 

SE(;OND CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH OF DOVER. 

This religious organization is the outgrowth of a 
Congregational Church organized in Lee, Mas.sacliu- 
setts, June 5, 1811, with eight member.s, as follows: 
Jedediah Crocker and Sarah, his wife, Lydia, wife of 
Moses Hall, Katy, wife of Abijah Crosby, Jouatiian 
and Abuer Smith and their wives. Of these eight, 
Jedediah and Sarah Crocker and the two Smith fam- 
ilies removed shortly afterwards to Dover, and on 
their arrival continued the Lee church organization, 
changing, however, the name to the Congregational 
Church of Dover. 

The little band having at first no minister, used to 
meet every Sabbath to worship with prayer and song. 
Alvin Coe, a missionary to the Indians, coming that 
way, preached to them three months, after which they 
reverted to their former simple service. The church 
increased slowly, and in 1822 a log meeting-house was 
built near where the present church edifice stands. 
Some years afterward the meeting-house was destroyed 
bj^ fire, and the services were held in Josejih Stock- 
ing's barn and in the town-house, until the completion 
of tlie church building now in use. 

About 1840 the church was divided on the slavery 
question, and until 1847 one congregation worshiped 
in the church building and the other in the town 
house. In that year the two bodies were reunited 
and reorganized as the Second Congregational church 
of Dover, with fifty-one members, and the following 
trustees: John Porter, Leverett Johnson, David In- 
gersoll. The first deacons of the reorganized church 
were Alfred Millard, Jonathan Cakes, Selden Osborn, 
Josiah Hurst. Since 1847 about two 'hundred and 
seventy-five persons have been received into tiic 
church. 

Among the early preachers. Rev. John McCrea was 
the most prominent. He preached in 1826 and after- 
ward, and was very highly esteemed. The pastor in 
charge at present is Rev. Henry Walker. The pres- 
ent trustees are L. G. Porter, George Whitsey and 
John Rose. 

An old record testifies that the " Dover Congrega- 
tional Society" was organized December 28, 1818, 
"for the support of the gospel," and that the mem- 
bers were Noah Crocker, Nehemiah Porter, Davie 
Ingersoll, John Smith, Jesse Lily, Asher Corley. 
Wells Porter, Jonathan Smith, Stephen Smith, Sylva 
nusPhinney, Jcdediaii Crocker, Dennis Taylor, Barnn 
bas Hall, James Hall, Siimuel Crocker and Solonio; 
Ketchum. Another old record sets forth that tli 
First Congregational Society of Dover was incorpo 
rated February 9, 1831, and that the incorporator 
were Calvin Phinney, Sylvanus Crocker, Josiah Ilurs; 
and Reuben Osborn. 



THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH AT DOVER 
CENTER. 

Thi.s bodi^ was organized about 1825, but in the 
absence of records very little can be gleaned concern- 
ing its early history. The first meetings were held 
in residences and barns; later, the town-house and the 
Episcopal church were used for that purpose. The 
house of worship now occupied by the society was 
erected in 18.53. The church is attached to the Rock- 
port circuit, and is suppi^lied by Rev. John McKean. 
The membership numbers about one hundred, and 
that of the Sunday school about fifty. The present 
trustees are William Dempsev, James Elliott and 
Jerome Beai-dsley. 

THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH ON THE LAKE 
SHORE. 

This was organized as early as 1827 in the town- 
ship school-house, by Rev. Eliphalet, brother of 
Leverett Johnson. The class contained at first but 
six members, but increased quite rapidly. In 1840 
the present church building was erected. Mr. John- 
son preached to the congregation until he removed 
from the township in 1842, since which time the 
church has been supplied by ministers attached to 
the Rockport circuit, Rev. J. McKean being now in 
charge. The membership is at present exceedingly 
small, numbering but seven persons; of whom the 
three male membei's, Sherman Osborn, Marshal Ga- 
boon and Henry P. Foot, are the trustees. 

THE FIRST BAPTIST CHURCH OF DOVER. 

This church was organized February 24, 1836, 
with the following members: Aaron Aldrich and wife, 
Wni. W. Aldrich, Julia Ann Aldrich, .Jesse Atwell 
and wife, Phineas Alexander and wife, Wm. Nesbitt 
and wife. Meetings were held at first in the Lake- 
Shore school-house and in the town-house. In 1845 
a house of worship was built on Justus Stocking's 
land near North Dover, and there the congregation 
continued to worship until 1836, at which time, the 
church having by removals and deaths lost nearly all 
its members, services were discontinued, nor have 
they to this day been revived. Elders Dimmock of 
Olmstead, Wire of Rockport, Lockwood of PeiTy, 
and Jas. Goodrich, were among those who preached 
to the church directly after its organization. The 
last settled pastor was Rev. Mr. Newton, who was 
engaged in 1845. The church building stood until 
1878, when it was destroyed by fire. 

ST. .ioiin's (episcopal) church. 

This organization, founded in 1837, is now extinct, 
and only a part of its history can be obtained. The 
members in 1842 were Chas. Hall, Weller Dean, 
Jesse Lilly, Austin Lilly, Albinus Lilly and a few 
others, although the average attendance was quite 
large. A church building was erected in 1837, just 
north of Dover Center. It is now used by Calvin 
Pease as a barn. Services were at first conducted by 




->^^- 



L. G. PORTER. 



About two hundred and fifty years ago the first pioneer 
of the Porter family found his way to our shores from 
England. To-day persons of the name are scattered far 
and wide through the vast domains of our great republic, 
and many bearing it have occupied places of trust and 
honor in the nation's councils of peace and war. Two 
years after the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers at Plymouth 
Rock, Samuel Porter arrived from England, and was hos- 
pitably received by his fellow-countrymen who had pre- 
ceded him. Of the early history of the pioneers of the 
Porter family there are no authentic accounts. They re- 
moved from Plymouth to Beverly, Mass., where Samuel, 
a son of the original settler, was married to Miss Lydia 
Dodge, of that place. His son John also married a Bev- 
erly maiden, a .Miss Lydia Herrick. The fascinations of 
the belles of Beverly must have been irresistible to the 
heads of this noble family, for we fiud that Nehemiah (the 
representative of the fourth generation in this country of 
the family of which our subject is a descendant) was mar- 
ried to Miss Hannah Smith, of that town. His son Nehe- 
miah was born at Ipswich, Mass., March 22, 1720 ; grad- 
uated from Cambridge in 1745 ; married Miss Rebecca 
Chipman, of Beverly, and was ordained a minister of the 
gospel in the Congregational church at Ipswich, Jan. 3, 
1750, where he remained for sixteen years. He was after- 
wards installed at Ashfield, Franklin Co., Mass., Dec. 21, 
1774, where he preached until his death, Feb. 29, 1820, 
having filled the position of pastor for the same congrega- 
tion over forty-five years. He was a man of great firmness 
and decision of character, a strict observer of the Sabbath, 
and was, it is worthy of note, a chaplain in the American 
army at the surrender of Burgoyne. This esteemed patriarch 
had all the virtues and religious tendencies of his Puritanic 



ancestry, and on the day of his death lacked only twenty- 
one days of completing a century. His son Joseph was 
also a native of Ipswich ; was engaged in agricultural pur- 
suits, and was married to a daughter of Leonard Graves, 
of Whately, Mass. He emigrated from Franklin Co., 
Mass., to Dover, Cuyahoga Co., Ohio, in 1826, and lies 
buried in that town. He had a family of eleven children, 
of whom our subject was the eighth son and tenth child, 
having been born at Ashfield, Franklin Co., Mass., March 
6, 1806. His education was limited to a common school, 
with a few terms spent at an academy. He accompanied 
his father to the wilds of the West, and was engaged in 
clearing the new country and tilling the soil, which has 
been his occupation throughout life. He was married, 
Aug 26, 1838, to Catherine H., daughter of Rev. Solo- 
mon Stevens, a Congregational preacher, of Dover, Ohio. 
They had but one child, who died in infancy. Mrs. Porter 
died Oct. 11, 1841. Mr. Porter, who has devoted much 
of his time to the religious education of the young, has 
been a member of the Second Congregational Church of 
Dover for about forty years. At the present time he is 
one of the deacons of that organization, and superintendent 
of the Sabbath school. 

Though originally a Whig in politics, upon the organi- 
zation of the Republican party he became one of the 
staunchest supporters of its principles and doctrines. He 
has been elected by his fellow-citizens to numerous town 
offices, and was a justice of the peace for six years. 

Mr. Porter, being left in the prime of life alone in 
the world, has devoted his time to his fellow-creatures, 
succoring the poor and afflicted, lending a helping hand to 
those in distress and want, and in striving to do his part in 
the great work of serving the cause of humanity. 



DOVER. 



441 



Weller Dean as lay-reader, until the engagement of 
Kev. Mr. Granville as a settled minister, who re- 
mained but a few years. Tiie church began to de- 
cline previous to 1850, and in that year was dissolved. 

(iEKMAX LUXnERAN CHUKCII. 

About 1858 quite a settlement of Germans located 
near Nortii Dover, who, being desirous of establish- 
ing a church, sent for Rev. E. Z. Lindemau of Cin- 
cinnati, who went to Dover and organized, in 1858, a 
(Jermati Lutheran Church. The original members 
were J. II. Lindemj'er, F. H. Heucke, P. Matthews, 
II. Luocke, J. H. Trast, Wm. Schmidt, J. H. Weihr- 
niann, August Warnecke. Rev. E. Rupprecht, of 
Lafayette, Indiana, was called to the chai'ge in 1858, 
and is still the pastor. 

Until 1872 worship was held in the Baptist Church 
at North Dover, and from that time until 1877, in 
the German Lutheran school-house, which was built 
in 187"-3. In 1877 the present fine church edifice was 
erected at an expense of four thousand dollars. The 
membership is now forty-seven, and the attendance 
comprises about sixty families. The present trustees 
are II. II. Reinkal, G. Meyer and Christian Koch. 

SCHOOLS. 

The first school teacher in Dover, of whom tliure is 
any recollection, was Betsey Crocker, who taught in 
ISHJ in a log school-house on the lake shore, near 
where the present school-house stands. Philena 
Crocker, her sister, taught there (at the age of four- 
teen), as did also Wells Porter. In 1826 the town- 
ship was divided into five school-districts, which then 
contained seventy householders. 

Dover contains at present eight schools and seven 
school-buildings, which latter are all brick structures, 
excellently appointed, and considerably better in 
every way than the average of townshij) school-build- 
ings. There is a graded school at Dover Center, and 
the school at North Dover will soon be similarly 
arranged. 

In 1879, when the enumeration of school children 
was made, there was six hundred and twenty-two in 
the township, tlie levy for the snpport of schools being 
two thousand one hundred dollars. 

Attached to the German Lutheran church at North 
Dover is an excellent secular school. It was organ- 
ized in 1858 by Rev. E. Rupprecht, the pastor of the 
church, and began its career with thirty-three pupils. 
The Baptist ciiuroh bnilding was used until 1872, 
when tiie present school-house was erected. Rev. 
Mr. Rupprecht taught the school, in connection with 
Ills pastorate duties, until 1872, when he relinquished 
tiie charge to Mr. H. L. Brokelstuhler, the i)resent 
teacher. The school is in a flourishing condition, 
and had, in July, 1879, the large number of one 
hiiudreil and fifteen pupils. 

DOVER ACADEMY. 

In 1845 John AVilson, a graduate of Oberliu Col- 
lege — who located in Dover in 1844 — founded Dover 



Academy, and in that year erected a building for its 
use about a mile and a half south-west of Dover 
Center. Mr. Wilson's school grew to be a popular 
institution, and had at one time as many as sixty 
pupils. 

In 1852 several public-spii'ited citizens of Dover 
proposed to Mr. Wilson to have the school removed 
to near the Center, and to organize a corporation to 
control it, to which he assented. A school building 
was accordingly erected on what is now the Dover 
fair ground, and an act was obtained incorporating 
the Dover Academical Association The building 
was completed in 1854, and Mr. Wilson continued to 
act as principal until 1800, when he retired. Al- 
though the academy had been fairly prosperous, the 
increased usefulness and liberal scope of the public 
schools impared its strength, and led to its being 
given uji in 1802. The building is still standing on 
the fair ground, and is used by the fair association. 
The first directors of the academy association were 
Leverett Johnson, L. G. Porter and Benjamin Reed. 

DOVER AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL SOCIETY. 

This association was organized in 1850, for the pur- 
pose of holding annual fairs in Dover. Money to pur- 
chase land was advanced by Messrs. Josiah Hurst, S. 
L. Beebe and J. Coles, and the ground was at once 
fitted up by individual subscriptions. The associa- 
tion owns seven acres of land, with the requisite build- 
ings, about half a mile nortli of Dover Center, and 
has held a successful exhibition there, every fall since 
1850. Julius Farr was the president in 1879. and 
William Aldrich the secretary. 

DOVER LODGE NO. 393 I. O. 0. F. 

This society was organiy.ed in 1807, the charter 
members being John Kirk, Wm. B. Dclford, C. D. 
Knapp, A. P. Smith, E. Bradford, C. L. Underliill, 
A. Wolf, P. W. Barton, W. W. Mead, A. S. Porter, 
Junia Sperry, J. Beardslee, D. B. Wright, D. H. 
Perry. The present ofHcers are: Perry Powell, N. 
G. ; James L. Hand, V. G.; James Beardslee, R. S. ; 
Benj. Chappell, P. S.; Frank Baker, T. The mem- 
bership numbers about one hundred. The lodge has 
fine (puirtcrs in the town hall, at Dover Center. This 
hall, a handsome and commodious brick edifice, was 
built in 1873 by the town and by the lodge just men- 
tioned, at a cost of ^0,000. 

NORTHWEST ENCAMPMENT NO. 188, I. 0. 0. F. 

Northwest Encampment was organized July 1, 
1875, with Alfred Wolf, Alfred Bates, L. J. Cahoon, 
Van Ness Moore, Philip Phillips, Perry Powell and 
Frank liaker as charter members. The membership 
now numbers twenty-two, the officers being Philip 
Phillips, C. P.; Perry Powell, II. P.: Jerome Beards- 
lee, S. W.; John Morrissey, J. W.; F. W. Guild, 
treasurer. 



442 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



STAR LODGE, XO. 67, DAUGHTERS OF REBEKAH, 
(l. 0. 0. F.) 

Tlic lodge just named was organized in August, 
1871, with sixteen charter members. The present 
oiBcers are John Griffin, N. G. ; Mrs. Murray Farr, 
V. G. ; Mrs. John Griffin, secretary; Benjamin Chap- 
pel, F. S.; Mrs. Maitland Beebe, treasurer. 

DOVER LODGE, NO. 489, F. AND A. M. 

Dover Lodge was formed in 1874. The cliarter 
members were D. R. Watson, L. M. Coe, G. Eeublin, 
John Kirk, John Jordan, E. S. Lewis, J. L. Hand, 
S. Barry, Wm. Lewis, G. Pease, Wm. Sprague. 
There are now thirty members, the officers being 
Benj. Chappel, W. M. ; Wm. Lewis, S. W. ; George 
Tarbox, J. W. ; W. V. Gage, secretary; J. M. Cooley, 
treasurer; Thos. J. Bates, S. D. ; W. Grant, J. D.; 
J. Jordan and A. A. Lilly, stewards; G. Winslow, 
tyler. 

OTHER ORGANIZATIONS. 

The Dover Silver Cornet Band, a musical organiz- 
ation of considerable local note, was organized in 
1874. The present leader is George Esberger. 

A temperance union league was formed in Dover in 
1873, and since that time the temperance cause has, 
at various times, received strong support in the town- 
ship. A temperance Sabbath school now contributes 
its efforts toward the same object. 

BURIAL PLACES. 

The first death in the township is supposed to have 
been tJiat of Mrs. Al)ner Smith, who was buried upon 
the Smith farm and afterward removed to the ceme- 
tery on the lake shore, that being the first public 
burial-ground laid out iu the township. A graveyard 
was laid out in 1820 west of Dover Center upon land 
donated by Leverctt Johnson and others. The first 
person buried tlierc was the wife of Rev. Mr. McCrea, 
the Congregational minister. 

Both cemeteries contain many fine tombstones, and 
the care expended upon the neatly kept grounds tes- 
tifies to the affection felt by the living for those who 
there rest in their narrow beds. 

MANUFACTURES. 

The manufacturing interests of Dover are at pres- 
ent limited to a few sawmills, a bending factory and 
a gristmill. 

Tilden & Morley founded an important iron-ware 
manufactory at Dover Center in 1832, near which 
place were several rich beds of iron ore. The works, 
known as the Dover Furnace, stood ujjon the lot now 
occupied by the residence of Junia Sperry. The 
firm conducted a store in connection with the furnace, 
and employed twelve men. In 1840 Tilden & Morley 
sold the establishment to the Cuyahoga Steam Fur- 
nace Company, soon after which (in 1843) it was de- 
stroyed by fire. Benjamin Reed, a former employee 
of the company, bought the land, rebuilt the furnace 
the same year, carried on the business until 1848, 



when the supply of ore was exhausted, and he aban- 
doned the undertaking. 

Junia Sperry, Robert Crooks, and Millard & Smith 
built a steam gi'istniill at Dover Center in 1856, and 
in 1863 sold it to Kirk & Reublin, from whom it 
passed into the possession of Lilly & Carpenter, tlie 
present owners. It contains two run of burrs, and is 
the only gristmill in the township. Fauver & Hurst 
Brothers liave a "bending factory" and sawmill, (the 
latter built by Philo Beach, iu 1850), about a mile 
southwest of Dover Center. They employ six men, 
and manufacture felloes, sleigh runners, shafts, etc. 

GRAPE CULTURE. 

Grape growing is largely followed on the lake shore 
iu Dover, and some wine is also made there. Henry 
Wisehmeyer came out from Cleveland in 1874, and 
began to raise grapes upon a tract of fifty acres, now 
occupied by him. He set out but two acres the first 
year, but gradually extended his vineyard until now 
he has twenty-three acres planted in grajies. In 
1874 he built upon his land a wine cellar with a ca- 
pacity of ton thousand gallons, and manufactures 
considerable wine every year. Numerous varieties of 
grapes are cultivated, of which the chief are the Ca- 
tawl)a, Delaware and Concord. 

The pioneer enterprise, however, in the direction of 
extensive grape cultui'e in Dover, was set on foot in 
1805, by the Dover Bay Grape and Wine Company, 
organized iu that year for the purpose of growing the 
grajje in Dover township. Dr. J. P. Dake was tiie 
president; R. R. Ucrrick the vice president, and Dr. 
D. H. Beckwitli, the secretary and treasurer. The 
original purchase of land included two hundred and 
ten acres, situated in Dover, on the lake shore. The 
capital of the company, fixed at the outset at thirty 
thousand doltars, was three years later increased to 
sixty thousand dollars. Fifteen iicres were set out 
with grapes the first year, and since then the area has 
been gradually extended until now upwards of ninety 
acres are under cultivation and the annual yield of 
grapes amounts to one hundred tons. The yield in- 
cludes all the varieties raised in the northern cli- 
mate. The company has a capacious wine cellar in 
Dover and much excellent wine is manufactured 
yearly. The financial headquarters are in Cleveland; 
the present officers being R. R. Herri ck, president; 
A. K. Spencer, vice president; and Geo. P. Smith, 
secretary and treasurer. 

Grape-growing is also carried on all along the Do- 
ver lake shore, but the business — save in the instances 
above alluded to, is confined to limited individual 
efforts. 

STONE QUARRIES. 

An excellent qu:ility of building stone, much used 
in the township and elsewhere, is found in the south- 
west part of Dover where the quarries of E. C. Har- 
ris and Wm. Geigor have long yielded large supplies, 
alrhough the former quarry is at present not worked 
to any great extent. 



EAST CLEVELAND. 



443 



CHAPTER LXXIV. 

EAST CLEVEIiiND. 

A Broken History— Irregular Boundaries— Timotliy Doan— Shaw, Ru" 
pie, Mcllrath and Thorp -Asa Dille— Samuel Ruple— A, L. Norris— 
A Live GriddleCake— Deadly Battles— Scaring a Bear— Going to 
Pennsylvania for Flour— A Banquet o( Baked Pumpkins— The Firs' 
Church— Sleeping with the Cows— First Tavern— Abijah Crosby— A 
Barn-Raising interrupted by Cannon— Settlers in Various Localities 
— Tlie Big Elk— The Householders of 1838- School Districts— CoUamer 
in lft40— Formation of the Township of East Cleveland— Annexation 
of part of Euclid and Warrensville— Name of Euclid Village changed 
to CoUamer— The liailroad— The War — Sandstone Quarries— Present 
Condition of CoUamer— Collinwood— Grape Culture— Glenville— Shaw 
Academy— First Presbyterian Church of CoUamer— St. Paul's Church 
—Free Congregational Church of CoUamer— Disciple Church of Col- 
lamer— Disciple Chuich at Collinwood— First Congregational Church 
of Collinwood— Principal Township Officers. 

East Cleveland lias had more varied municipal 
relations, and has more irregular boundaries than any 
other township in the county. The territory of 
which it is now composed, originally behjuged to the 
township of Cleveland; then to Cleveland and Euclid; 
then to Cleveland, Euclid, Newburg and Warrens- 
villc. Having reniainod in these towiisiiips for many 
years, tiie several fragments were in 1845 formed into 
the township of East Cleveland which then contained 
nut only tiie present district of that name, but all 
liiat part of Cleveland city east of Willson avenue, 
and north of the old Newburg line. 

Ill 1867 an irregular tract about two miles east and 
west by three miles north and south, on which had 
been built the large and flourishing village of East 
Cleveland, was annexed to tiie city, leaving a district 
nearly si.x miles in extreme length, north and south, 
and a little over five miles in extreme width, but so 
irregular that it contains an area of only a trifle over 
fifteen square miles. This remains the township of 
East Cleveland, yet the name had become so firmly 
attached to the portion which was annexed to Cleve- 
land that a resident of the city, on hearing "East 
Cleveland" spoken of, would more probably under- 
stand tiie expression to refer to the eastern i)art of the 
city than to the township to which the name legiti- 
mately belongs. 

This sketch is intended to be confined to the terri- 
tory now comprising the townshij), the name of wliicii 
heads the chapter; yet that townsiiip has been so 
closely united with other territory on iioth the east 
and the west, that the annals are liable to become 
somewhat intermingled, especially in the case of the 
official records. Nearly all tiie township officers who 
resided in the present East Cleveland before 1847, are 
to be found in the records of Euclid, while many of 
those who api)ear in the records of East Cleveland 
since that date, were residents of what is now the 
eastern part of the city. 

Tlie first white resident of the territory now com- 
prising the townsiiip of East Cleveland, was Timothy 
Doan, a Connecticut sea-ca])tain, already fortv-three 
years old, who brought his family to Cleveland in the 
sjiring of 1801, left them there while he built a log 
house and made a small clearing, and in the fall of 
that year removed them to hisjilace on the west line 



of the old township of Euclid, a part of which is still 
occupied by his youngest son, John Doan. Mr. 
Timothy Doan steadily worked on his new farm, luiv- 
ing for two or three years no neighbors nearer than 
his brother, Nathaniel, at " Doan's Corners," in tlio 
present city of Cleveland. Timothy Doan was a man 
of good ability and of the highest character; he be- 
came the first justice of the peace in the territory 
now constituting East Cleveland, and was afterward 
a judge of the court of common jileas of Cuyahoga 
county. He died in 1838, on the farm on which he 
had moved in 1801, at the age of seventv, respected 
by all. 

In August, 1803, John Shaw, John Ruple, Thomas 
Mcllrath, Garrett Thorp and William Coleman, all 
from Washington county, Pennsylvania, visited this 
part of Ohio together, and two of them selected land 
in the present township of Etist Cleveland. Shaw 
chose the lot where Shaw Academy now stands, and 
Mcllrath selected the one now occupied by the main 
part of CoUamer village. Mr. Ruple located a little 
farther to the northeast, in what is now Euclid.. All 
these locations, like that of Timothy Doan, before 
mentioned, and that of William Coleman on Euclid 
creek, were on the main road which had been laid out 
from Cleveland to the Pennsylvania line, parallel with 
the lake shore, but which was then hardly passable 
even for ox-teams; an axe to clear away fallen timber 
being the necessary accompaniment of every vehicle. 
The parties named returned to Pennsylvania and did 
not begin work on their land till the next spring. 

The second actual settler in the present township of 
East Cleveland was Asa Dille, a brother of David 
Dille, of Euclid, who moved from Pennsylvania in 
March, 1804; putting up his cabin in the unbroken 
forest near the southwestern corner of the old town- 
ship of Euclid. There he lived and died, raising a 
large family of children. 

In April, 1804, Messrs. Shaw and Jlcllrath began 
work on the locations before mentioned, and Benja- 
min Jones, a nepliew of Mcllrath settled farther 
southeast in the neighborhood of Asa Dille's residence. 
Shaw brought his family that spring and became the 
tiiird settler in the townsiiip. lie was a native of 
England, and, having been brought up in a woolen 
factory, he was entirely unaccustomed to the use of 
the axe; yet by indomitable industry he succeeded in 
subduing the dense forest where he liad chosen his 
home, and made him an excellent farm. He was a 
man of good intelligence and fair education, was the 
teacher of the first school in the county, held various 
civil oflices and was the founder of the Shaw Acade- 
my, of which more will be said farther on. 

Mcllrath and Jones both brought on their families 
in the autumn of 1804, and as there were then five 
families in the territory of East Cleveland, the work 
of settlement might be considered as having fairly 
commenced. 

Even of these five families only one, that of Timo- 
thy Doan, had breadstuffs enough to last them through 



iU 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



the winter. The others depended principally on hunt- 
ing, both to obtain meat for their families and to pro- 
cure slvius and furs, which could be traded in the rude 
markets of the day for articles of absolute necessity. 
Coou skins came pretty near being legal tender at that 
time, and several hundred of them were harvested 
that winter by the residents of East Cleveland, who 
were thus enabled to eke out a subsistence. Mr. Mc- 
Hrath was especially noted as a hunter, and as he had 
several sons, who had nearly or quite attained to 
man's estate, they made great liavoc among tlie deni- 
zens of the forest. 

In 1805 John Ruple settled on the line between 
Euclid and East Cleveland. He, too, was a noted 
hunter, and is credited by William Coleman with 
killing the first panther slain in the old township of 
Euclid by a white man; the lieast measuring nine 
feet from tip to tip. He raised a large family and 
lived to an advanced age, on the place where he first 
located, amid the respect of all who knew him. 

Samuel Ruple settled at Nine Mile creek, in the 
eastern part of the present village of Collamer, in 
1806, and during the same year Caleb Eddy located 
himself in the southern part of tlie township on a 
stream known as Dogway brook. 

Abraham L. Norris came the same yeai and settled 
on the ridge back of Collamer. His daughter, Mrs. 
Myndert Wemple, narrates many incidents connected 
with early life in the forest. Mr. Norris' family 
were two miles from their nearest neighbor, David 
Hendershot. Like most of the pioneers, they had 
only a "puncheon" (or split-log) floor for their 
cabin, and during the first summer a coverlid did 
duty instead of a door. 

The next year Mr. Norris had a good sized clear- 
ing chopped over, and, according to pioneer custom, 
invited his neighbors (some of whom lived five or six 
miles away) to a " logging-bee." After a while they 
got several log-heaps ready for firing, and Mrs. Norris, 
who was out watching the operations, ran !nto the 
house to get a shovelful of coals. The fire was nearly 
out, and on the warm hearth lay a griddle which had 
been used for baking cakes. The first thing Mrs. 
Norris saw, on entering the house, was an enormous 
yellow rattlesnake comfortably curled up on the grid- 
dle. She screamed and fainted. Her husband ran 
in, and, liaving no weapon with which to dispatch 
the enemy, called for his father-in-law, Mr. Mcllrath, 
who came with his ox-goad, and soon slew it. Tlie 
reptile had no less than twenty-four rattles. 

These pests were extremely common in both East 
Cleveland and Euclid; finding ample shelter among 
the rocks which abounded in the numerous ravines 
that intersected the ridge. Every man when lie went 
out took a stick, as a matter of course, to kill rattle- 
snakes. John Ruple is credited with killing tliirty- 
eight rattlesnakes (piled and counted) near Collamer, 
and Luther Dille with slaying forty-three in the 
same locality. Li botli cases the air was so lieavily 



impregnated with poison by the reptiles that the men 
went home sick from the field of battle. 

Mr. Norris was obliged to go to Newburg to work, 
leaving his wife alone in the cabin. There was a lialf- 
grown shote in a rail pen covered with bark, near tlie 
house. One night Mrs. Norris was awakened by the 
crackling of bark and the squealing of the pig. Run- 
ning to the door she saw a bear trying to get out of 
the pen with the shote clutched by the neck, somewhat 
as a cat carrries a kitten. There was a large bed of 
coals, and filling the big fire-shovel full of these she 
ran out and threw them on the dry bark, which in a 
moment was in a brilliant blaze. The bear meantime, 
had got his prey out of the pen, but being frightened 
at the sudden light, dropped the pig (badly scared 
but not seriously hurt) and made h.is way into the 
forest. 

At this period there was no church in the towusliip. 
People went to "Doan's Corners" on Sunday, where 
'Squire Nathaniel Doan read a sermon. Mrs. Wem- 
ple remembers going to meeting at the corners; her 
mother riding a horse, she riding behind and another 
child in front, while her father walked by the side of 
the patient animal. 

It is needless to say that luxuries were exceedingly 
scarce. Once Mrs. Norris sent clear to Pennsylvania, 
by a couple of young men who were going thither, 
for a pound of tea and two yards of calico to make 
the baby a dress. 

There were two or three gristmills within ten miles, 
but they were very poor concerns, and were frequently 
out of repair. On one occasion when, through de- 
fective machinery or lack of water, no grinding could 
be done in this part of the country, John Shaw took an 
ox-cart loaded with a grist for every man in the town- 
ship and went eighty miles, to Erie, Pennsylvania, to 
get it ground. He was to be back in two weeks, and 
on the day fixed for his return Mrs. Shaw invited all 
the people in the township to her house, to cook and 
eat of the expected supply. The i)eople came, but 
Mr. Shaw had been detained by the badness of tlie 
roads and did not arrive, and his hospitable wife could 
only furnish her guests with a feast of venison and 
baked jjumpkins. 

Indians, squaws and papooses were frequently seen 
passing to and fro. They had a camjiing-place Just 
back of where the academy now stands. The fierce 
appearance of the warriors frequently frightened the 
children, but there is no account of their doing tlie 
slightest harm. 

The first church (Congregational) in the township, 
which was likewise the first in the county, was formed 
in August, 1807. The first meetings were in tlic 
houses of the settlers, but in 1810 a house of worship 
was built of logs at the point then commonly desig- 
nated as Nine Mile creek, but afterwards known as 
Euclid village and now as Collamer. This was also 
the first house of worship in the county; there being 
none in Cleveland until more than ten years later. 



EAST CLEVELAND. 



445 



111 1809 Caleb Eddy built the first gristmill in the 
lowiiship, on Dry Way brook, above the site of Lake 
\iein Cemetery. 

Amid the luirds]iii)S of tliese times, women, as well 
as men, developed the courage necessary to meet the 
emergencies by wliich they were often confronted, 
jjiite one afternoon in autumn Mrs. Timothy Eddy 
went to look for her husband's cows. They had 
strayed along distance, but at length she heard a bell, 
and, guided by that, made her way to where they 
were. But when sjie undertook to drive them home, 
siie found she did not know the way. After various 
elTorts night came on, and she was still as much at 
a loss as ever. The ciuadrui)eds discovered none of 
tlie intelligence in jiaOi-finding which is sometimes 
attributed to them, but when their mistress stopped 
driving them, quietly lay down for a night's rest. 
Satisfied that she could not find her way home, 
Mrs. Eddy lay down in a warm place, between two of 
I lie animals, and in this living boudoir she remained 
initil morning. Meanwhile, her husband had re- 
turned from his labors at night fall, and, finding his 
wife absent, had roused the neighbors to search for 
her. All night long the few settlers in that part of 
the township went shouting to and fro through the 
w(H)ds, their lighted torches of bark flinging fantastic 
sliadows among the trees, but they did not approach 
iier sleeping place. In the morning slie made her 
way liome to her frightened friends. 

The first tavern-keeper in the township, of whom 
we can hear, was David Bunnel, who kejit on the 
main road, a short distance southwest of the site of 
Collamer, before the war of 1813. 

Among other settlers in the township was Abijah 
Crosby, father of Deacon Thomas D. Crosby, who 
came in 1811. He was one of the earliest settlers in 
I lie vicinity of the lake shore. Benjamin Thorp, who 
had first settled at the mouth of Euclid creek, came 
in LSI 3, and settled on the "Coit tract," near the 
lake shore. 

When the war of 1812 broke out there was great 
excitement for a time, especially just after Hull's 
surrender when rumors of murdering Indians came 
mi every breeze, and the people once or twice aban- 
doned their homes in their alarm. These rumors, 
however, were soon found to be false, and during the 
war the work of planting and clearing went on much 
as usual, though emigration nearly ceased. 

On the day of Perry's victory, Se))tember 10, 1813, 
tlie people were busy raising William Hate's log barn, 
Ixlow Collinwood. Mr. Cornelius Thorp, who still 
resides in the township, was one of the number. 
The neighbors were still few in number, and men 
had come from Warrensville on horseback to help in 
the work. The raisers were divided into two si[uads, 
who were engaged in a hot strife to see which should 
gel up logs the fastest. At each corner was an e.x- 
]iert axeman making notches and "saddles" to fit the 
logs together. Of course neither squad could really 
get ahead of the other, because all four sides of the 



house must go up together; but they could crowd 
each other, which was a great satisfaction. 

Suddenly from the far northwest a dull sound was 
heard rolling slowly over lake and land — then an- 
other — and another — and another. 

Every axe and every log was dropjied. 

"That's Perry!" "A fight!" "A battle!" "A bat- 
tle!'' cried a dozen voices, and, in another minute, 
twenty or thirty men were racing away toward the lake 
shore, eager to hear even the faintest echoes from the 
great contest which was to decide the supremacy of 
Lake Erie. Perhaps they imagined, from the distinct- 
ness of the sound, that they could see the conflict, or, 
at least, could discover on the far horizon the smoke 
which must mark the scene of battle. But, on tiieir 
arrival, nothing could be seen, as was not strange 
considering that the battle was seven ty-five miles 
away. Yet the constant successions of subdued 
shocks, now alone, now in broadsides, hour after 
hour, gave notice that the conflict was still going on. 
At length the sounds died away; only a few scattered 
shots were heard, and finally all was still, and the 
last listeners returned slowly to their homes, (piery- 
ing anxiously whether Columbia or Albion should 
henceforth be the mistress of Lake Erie. The next 
day a swift-riding express, on the way to Washington, 
brought the news that Perry was victorious, and that 
British or Indian invasion need no longer be feared. 
Of all who were present at that " raising," Mr. Cor- 
nelius Thorp is the sole survivor. 

Benjamin Thorp, father of Cornelius, had at this 
time moved to the " Coit tract" of a thousand acres, 
situated on the lake shore. 

Immediately after the close of the war in 1S15, 
emigration set in with more force than ever, on 
account of the temporary cessation. At this time 
began to be seen a slight appearance of a village 
where Collamer now stands; though it was then 
called Euclid. Enoch Murray started a store there 
shortly after the war. Davis Crocker also estab- 
lished a tannery there, on Nine Mile creek, about 
1815 or 'IG, which he carried on for nearly twenty 
years. In 1817 a framed church was erected in jilace 
of the old log one before mentioned, and then the 
residents of " Euclid," or " Nine .Mile Creek," as the 
hamlet was variously called, couKl indeed boast of 
their progress; for there was still not another church 
edifice of any kind in the county. 

In 1818 Benjamin P. Beers and Myndert Wemjilc 
settled in the township. Mr. Wemple, who still 
survives, says that Enoch Murray was then keeji- 
ing store at Euclid (now Collamer). He sold to 
Thomas ^Icllrath about 1830, and he in a short time 
to John (Jardner. Taverns, too, began to be opened 
all along the main road soon after the war. Ben. S. 
Welcli kept one at Nine Mile creek. A little later, 
Enoch Meeker had one a short distance farther west. 
Seth Doan kept one where George Doan now lives. 

But notwithstanding these indications of advancing 
settlement, the rattlesnakes still hissed viciously iu 



446 



THE TOWNSHIPS OP CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



their dens among the rocks; the deer often bounded 
past the clearings of the pioneers, especially in the 
southern part of the township, and occasionally more 
noble game fell before the hunter's bullet. Old set- 
tlers still mention that it was about 1820 that the 
" big elk was killed;" an event long remembered and 
often discussed by the residents of the vicinity. The 
unlucky wanderer was chased down from the Chagrin 
river into East Cleveland, and was there killed. He 
weighed five hundred pounds, and his horns were 
seven feet long. 

By about 1825 or '30 the face of the country began 
to take on more decidedly than before the appearance 
of civilization. More than half of the log houses 
built by the pioneers had been exchanged for framed 
ones, and in all the north jiaitof the township nearly 
every lot had a settler upon it, and about half the 
land had been cleared from timber. In the southern 
section the settlements were much fewer and the 
country still retained that pioneer look resultant from 
log houses, scattered clearings and far-spreading 
forests. 

In the township book of Euclid is a list of the 
voters in 1828, arranged by school districts. Euclid, 
as before mentioned, then embraced something over 
half of East Cleveland. We give a list of the names 
recorded in those districts either wholly or partly in 
what is now East Cleveland. A few of them may have 
been in the present Euclid; but if so, they were close 
to the line: 

District No. 2 (Collamer) — William Camp, John H. 
Camp, John West, John Kuple, .Tolin Hoagland, Sam- 
uel Ruple, Benj. Hoagland, John Stoner, Benj. S. 
Welch, Enocli Meeker, John Gardner, William Adams, 
John K. Hall, Nathaniel WoodruiT. Myndert Wenj- 
pie, Andrew McFarland, Elijah Burton, George R. 
Whitney, Sargent Currier, Alvin Hollister, Jesse 
Palmer, James F. Palmer, Dr. Hotchkiss, Joseph 
King, Mathias Rush, Moses Bond, Cyrus Rujjle, 
Abram Histon, John Shaw, Elisha Rockwell. 

District No. 3 (west of CoUamei') — Michael Mc- 
Urath, Horace Blinn, James Corbus, Amos Steb- 
bins, Joel Jor.es, Benjamin .Jones, .John Doan, Sam- 
uel Dodge, Daniel Brown, Joseph Marshall, Andrew 
Mcllrath, Andrew Mcllrath, Jr., Merritt Lindley, 
John Burt, Samuel E. Smith, Eli Williams, Setli 
Doan, Thomas Mcllrath, Stephen Peet, Jedediah 
Crocker, Lewis Stanislaus, Thomas Phillijis. 

District No. 4 (south part of township). — Guy 
Lee, Thomas Curtis, John Welch, John Handee, 
Adoniram Peek, Jesse Cross, Jacob S. Dille, Richard 
Curtis, Clark Currier, Stephen B. Meeker, Abram 
Mattox, Jacob Compton, Elias Jjce, Reynolds Ca- 
hoon, Asa Dille, Lewis R. Dille, Abel Handee. 

District No. 6 (north of Collinwood, now in 
both towns). — William Hale, Thomas Mcllrath, Jr.,' 
Samuel Mcllrath, Samuel Mcllrath 2d, Thaddeus 
Wright, Aaron Bunnel, James Johnston, Benjamin 
Day, Abijah Crosby, John Ruple 2d, Ezekiel Adams, 
John Adams. 



District No. 10 (west of Collinwood). — Law- 
rence O'Connor, Alanson O'Connor, Joseph House, 
.Jeremiah Shnmway, Timothy Eddy, Ahaz Merchant, 
Benjamin Thorp, Andrew Stewart, John Moore, 
David Bunnel, Luther Woodworth, Ezra Fairfield, 
Cornelius Thorp, Isaac Page. 

A full list of all the voters in the old township of 
Euclid in 1828, including the above, is to be found in 
the history of that township. Of course, the forego- 
ing list does not include any residents of that part of 
East Cleveland, except what was formerly in Euclid. 
There were, however, very few in that part of 
East Cleveland, which was then Euclid, excejjt on 
the main road. The Elijah Burton, who is men- 
tioned as a resident of District number two (Col- 
lamer), was a young physician who had very lately 
arrived there, being the first physician in that village. 
His widow still resides there, and his son is a practic- 
ing physician there. 

During the decade from 1830 to 1840 there was a 
large emigration checked during the last three years 
by what was known pre-eminently as the "hard 
times." 

Sargent Currier had become the stoi'ekee])er at 
Nine Mile creek, acting in that capacity some fifteen 
years. He had a sawmill near there, and afterwards 
built a steam, gristmill. Abner Mcllrath opened a 
tavern in 1837. Samuel Lester started anew tannery 
in 1838, which is still operated by bis son. 

When Mr. R. H. Strowbridge (now of Euclid) 
came to Collamer in 1840, Sargent Currier was still 
carrying on a store there, and Alvin Hollister was 
keeping a tavern. The township was well settled up, 
and framed houses were generally in use; yet there 
was still a rough appearance on the face of the coun- 
try. The deer and wolves had all disajipeared, and 
even the rattlesnakes were becoming scarce. Origin- 
ally emigration had come from the East, and the 
western part of the present township was the last to 
be settled. By 1840, however, people began to over- 
flow from the then growing city of Cleveland, and the 
western section was rapidly cleared up. 

At the June session of the county commissioners 
in 1847, the township of East Cleveland was formed 
from Cleveland and Newburg; no other townships at 
first contributing anything to its area. Of Cleveland 
it embraced lots three hundred and thirty-eight to 
four hundred and six inclusive; of Newburg, so much 
of lots four hundred and nine to four hundred and 
twenty-two inclusive as lay north of the road, (now 
Ingersoll street.) 

The first town meeting in East Cleveland was held 
on the 26th of June, 1847, when the following of- 
ficers were elected: Trustees, Theron Woodworth, 
Ahimaaz Sherwin, Samuel Erwin; clerk, Ansel 
Young; treasurer, Joel Jones; declined, and Isaac 
N. Pillsbury appointed; assessor. Freeman Whitman. 
At the June session of the commissioners in 1848, the 
west part of Euclid was annexed to East Cleveland; 
embracing lots eight, forty-nine, sixteen, fifty-seven. 



EAST CLEVELAND. 



447 



twenty-four, fifty-six, fifteen, forty-eight, seven, six, 
forty-seven, fourteen, fifty-five, twenty-two, twenty- 
one, fifty-four, tliirteen, forty-six, five, four, forty- 
five, twelve, fifty-three, twenty, fifty-two, forty-four, 
eleven, three, two; all of lot forty-three west of the 
road rnning through it, and all of tract sixteen north 
of lot one and west of the road runing to the lake. 
]?y the same act lots one, two, three and four 
lying in the north part of Warrensville, were also 
annexed. 

This included the East Cleveland of to-day, and 
also the tract afterwards annexed to the city. 

After the new arrangement was eonsumniated, it was 
found very inconvenient to call the village situated in 
Kast Cleveland by the name of Euclid, when there 
was a township of Euclid close beside it. The people 
tiierefore began to cast about for another appellation. 
Tiiey adopted that of Collamer, and in time the grow- 
ing village was generally known by that name; though 
it was long before all the old settlers could get rid of 
the habit of calling it Euclid. 

For many years after the formation of the town- 
sliip, the interest regarding it principally centered in 
tlie village of East Cleveland, which grew rapidly into 
very extensive proportions, becoming an important 
suliurb of the city. In 1852 the Cleveland, Paines- 
ville and Ashtabula railroad (since becoming a part of 
tile fiake Shore and Michinan Southern), was opened 
fi(im Cleveland to Erie, running through the northern 
part of East Cleveland, only a short distance from 
t he lake shore. The beauty of the locations along tlie 
main road at the foot of tlie ridge, between the city 
and Collamer, began to be observed by the denizens 
of Cleveland, and occasional purchases were made, 
especially around Collamei'. 

All was progressing pleasantly and prosperously 
when, in 1801, the tocsin of war called the sons of 
America to the defense of their country. East Cleve- 
land promptly resj)onded to the call, and the record.': 
given in the general history, tell their names and the 
deeds of tlie regiments to which they belonged. 

In 1802, James Ilaycox opened a valuable sandstone 
<|uarry in the southern part of the township, on the 
farm .settled by John Welch. The character of the 
stone is similar to that which crojis out in various 
parts of the county, and is described in the cliapter 
on geology. Since the war, few townships in north- 
ern Ohio have progressed more rai)idly than East 
Cleveland, although, as before stated, the village of 
Kiust Cleveland was annexed to the city of Cleveland 
in 1867. Collamer has become a large and thriving 
village, an especial favorite with Clevelanders desirout 
of a more retired life than that of the city. Tin 
nuiin road from there to the city line is thickly stud 
(led with i)leasant farm houses, and with handsonn 
residences situated on snnill but most desirable tracts. 
In fact the whole road which is an extension of Enclid 
avenue, seems like a delightful suburb of the city. 
Collamer now contiiiis clinrches, one academy, four 



general stores, one post oflBce, one physician, two 
carriage shops, two blacksmiths shops, two meat mar- 
kets, one cider mill, one shoe shop, one tannery, and 
about a thousand inhabitants. 

On the raili'oad, a mile north of Collamer is to be 
seen the flourishing village of Collinwood, the seat of 
the great repair shops and round-house of the Lake 
Shore railroad. It is laid out on the most liberal 
scale, with streets enough for a small city, which in- 
deed it promises to become. It has churches, three 
public schools, six general stores, four physicians. 
two drug stores, one hardware store, two boot stores, 
one clothing store, two millinery stores, one hotel 
(the Warren House), two livery stables, two news de- 
pots, one wagon and blacksmith shop, one harness 
shop, three meat markets, and about fifteen hundred 
inhiibitants. The repair shops and round-house 
were begun in 1873 and finished in 1875, and the 
village has mostly grown up since the former year. 
The post office was established in 1875. 

There is also a post office at Lake View, near Lake 
View cemetery, where there is the prospect of an- 
other fine suburban village. The Lake View and 
Collamer railroad, (called for short "the Dummy 
road") furnishes ready access to the city for all the 
residents along the main road. 

On the ridge, grape-growing has flourished greatly 
of late years, the soil being of the same general qual- 
ity as that in Euclid, and likethat, admirably suited 
for grajie-culture. The grapes are geuarally sold in 
bulk, but a few gentlemen are engaged in wine manu- 
facture; Mr. J. J. Preyer's Lake View wine farm, 
east of Lake View cemetery is one of the most cele- 
brated wine-producing places in the county. 

The village of Glenville on the lake shore, adjoin- 
ing Cleveland, was laid out in •. The eoijioiate 

limits inclose an area of about three scpiare miles, but 
only a small portion of it is built on in village form. 

The Lake Shore railroad passes through its entire 
width and has a depot in it, while the Lake View 
and Collamer road skirts its southern border. The 
Northern Ohio fair grounds are situated a little west 
of the center of the village. The association owning 
them is described in the general history. 

Glenville was incorporated in the autumn of 1872, 
for special purposes. In April, 1874, William Brasie,- 
R. M. N. Taylor were elected trustees. In Septem- 
ber, 1874 it was incorporated as a village. In April, 
1874, Wm. J. Gordon was elected mayor for two years. 
He was succeeded in 1870 by Benjamin Lamson, and 
he in 1878 by W. II. Gaylord, the present incumbent. 
The village now contains three stores, three hotels, 
one blacksmith shop, one shoe shop, one carriage 
shop and about five hundred inhabitants. 

The whole of East Cleveland, except Glenville and 
a few farms in the southern portion is incorjiorated 
for special |)nrposes; the authorities being emjiow- 
ercd to build roads and bridges, maintain a police, build 
police stations, etc. 



448 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CtJYAHOGA COUNTY. 



SHAW ACADEMY. 

In 183.5 the old pioneer, John Shaw, died, and hav- 
ing no children he left his property to found an acad- 
emy in the locality where he had so long lived and 
prospered. The property consisted mostly of a farm 
situated a short distance southwestward from Colla- 
mer. This was sold for five thousand dollars. The 
people of the vicinity subscribed a sufficient amount 
to erect the necessary building, and the fund left by 
Mr. Shaw was used only for the support of the school. 

A board of trustees was appointed and the school 
was maintained in the usual manner of country acad- 
emies until about 1868. At that time, as the institu- 
tion did not prosper as well as was desirable, the 
building was leased to individuals. Public school 
money was applied to its support, and it became part- 
ly a district school and partly an academy. In 1877 
the trustees of the academy leased the building to the 
directors of the Collamer sub-district by whom it has 
since been used for a district school, though of a 
higher grade than usual. 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH OF COLLAMER. 

This church was organized by Rev. Wm. Wick, on 
the 27th day of August, 1807; being by at least ten 
years the first church in Cuyahoga county. It was 
formed on what was known as the "Plan of Union," 
adopted by the general assembly of the Presbyterian 
church, and the general association of the Congrega- 
tional church, of Connecticut. The individual church 
was at first Congregational, but it was connected with 
the Presbytery for purposes of discipline and mutual 
encouragement. It took the name of " The Church 
of Christ in Euclid;" that being the township in 
which it was then situated. 

The first members were Nathaniel and Sarah Doan, 
John Ruple, Thomas and Elizabeth Mcllrath, Sarah 
Shaw, Eunice Eddy, Abram L. and Abigail Norris, 
George and Almira Kilbourn, Andrew and Abigail 
Mcllrath, Anna Biinnel and Isabella Mcllrath. 

The strictness of the discipline and the existence of 
pleasant amusements among tlie pioneers are both 
sliown by the next entry after the organization, made 
on the a9th of the same month, according to which 
A. L. and Abigail Norris confessed to dancing "not 
long before" (evidently before Joining the church) 
and professed contrition. Sarah Shaw admitted the 
fact of dancing, but would not make a public ac- 
knowledgement and was suspended. This was pietty 
strict in regard to acts committed before joining the 
church. 

At the first meeting of the church Natiianiel Doan, 
John Ruple and (teorge Kilbourn were ajipointed the 
standing committee. 

The next record, dated in August, 1808, shows a 
meeting of the church to have been then held at the 
house of Nathaniel Doan. Caleb and Nancy Eddy 
admitted joining the "Halcyon Church," supposing 
them to be christians. Thev expressed their sorrow 



for having done so. This " Halcyon " churcli was a 
heterodox institution which started up suddenly in 
Euclid, flourished for a brief period and disappeared. 
The members claimed to be christians, but their right 
to the name seems to have been seriously disputed. 
At this time Mrs. Shaw publicly professed repentance 
for her dancing of long ago, and was duly reinstated 
in the church. 

On the 1.5th of March, 1810, the church unani- 
mously adopted the Presbyterian model and put them- 
selves under the charge of the presbytery of Hartford. 
The next month the Rev. Thomas Barr was called to 
the pastorate and accejjted. He was ordained on the 
33d of August following, and on the 27t]i of the same 
month Andrew Mcllrath and .John Ruple were ap- 
pointed ruling elders. It was during this season that 
the log house already mentioned was built, which was, 
during its whole existence, the only church edifice in 
the county. 

Numerous cases of discipline occurred during all 
the early years of the church; mostly on account of 
the members attending balls or allowing their children 
to do so. In the summer of 1811 nearly all the mem- 
bers publicly acknowledged their wrong-doing in per- 
mitting their children to attend the Fourth of July 
ball. 

Nevertheless the church continued to flourish, and 
in 1817 a framed house of worship replaced the log 
one; the new house, like the old one, being the only 
church building in the county. 

Rev. Mr. Barr closed his services in 1820. After 
this the records unfortunately do not give the em- 
ployment of pastors with any regularity, but it ap- 
pears that Rev. Randolph Stoner, pastor of the Cleve- 
land chnrch, acted as moderator in the various meet- 
ings from 1820 to 1823, and doul)tless supplied the 
pulpit. Rev. Stephen J. Bradstreet acted as moder- 
ator from 1823 to 1825. On the 26th of February, 
1825, Rev. Stephen Peet was ordained as pastor; 
holding that position until January, 1833. 

Rev. E. S. Scott and Rev. E. Adams were in charge 
of the church, the former in 1833 and '34; the latter 
in 1835 and '36. Rev. H. Blodgett served as pastor 
from May, 1837, to February, 1843. Rev. E. N. 
Nichols was in charge a few months, and was followed 
by Rev. J. Burchard, the celebrated revivalist, who 
conducted a powerful revival during the winter of 
1843-44. Rev. Benj. Page was the acting pastor in 
1844, "45 and "46. 

Rev. William H. Beecher (eldest brother of Henry 
Ward Beecher) began service as stated suj)ply in May, 
1847, and continued until December, 1849. He was 
succeeded the next month by Rev. Jonas Bigelow, 
who died in service January 26, 1854. During his 
pastorate, in December, 1851, fourteen members 
withdrew to form the Free Congregational Church. 
Rev. Andrew Sh:irp was installed as pastor in April, 
1854, and closed in April, 1856. Rev. Hiram Bing- 
ham began service as stated supply in October, 1856. 
lu'V. F. Maginnis was installed as jiastor in .Januaiy. 



EAST CLEVELAND. 



449 



1858, and served nearly ten years, closing in Septem- 
ber, iso:. 

I'litil tliis time the cluiruli iiad been known as the 
First Presbyterian Chureli of Euelid, althougli for 
nineteen years the honse of worshij) had been in the 
township of East Cleveland, and the village where it 
was loeated had been known as Collanier for nearly 
an e'pial time. In September, 1807, it ajipears for 
the first time on the record as the Presbyterian 
Ciinrch of Collamer. 

At that time Rev. R. IL Leonard began service as 
stated snjiply, remaining nntil July, 1873. Rev. H. 
P. Harnes was installed as pastor in August, 1875, 
closing in Jfay, 1877. lie was succeeded at that time 
by tJie Rev. T. S. Scott, the present pastor. 

'riio following month (June, 1877.) a union was 
otTocted with the Free Congregational Church of 
Collamer, by which each society was to keep its own 
organization, but they were to unite in all work, in 
religious service and the employment of a pastor. 
People are admitted by the joint action of the two 
churches, but are dismissed by the separate action of 
one. They meet in the Presbyterian church. 

The present membership of the Presbyterian con- 
gregation is now about seventy-five. The elders are 
John Aldrich, J. M. Page, T. D. Crosby, Joseph Day, 
.Joseph Parks, Frederick King and Isaac Brush. The 
two churches maintain a union Sabbath school of two 
iinndred members, of which William II. C'oit is the 
superintendent. 

ST. P.VUL'S CHIHCH (I'ROTESTANT EPISCOPAL). 

The church edifice of this body is on Euclid avenue 
in the center of Collamer. It is of stone, rural in 
style, fifty-tiiree feet in lengtli and thirty in width. 
It was commenced in 1S4G, but was not finished and 
consecrated nntil 185G. The services were sustained 
at first by the aid of clergymen in Cleveland. The 
i!ev. Eli Adams oflKciatcd in 1853-4. In 1856 Rev. 
Thomas Corlett was called as the first settled rector, 
who filled the rectoiship for ten years. The Rev. X. 
!'. Chariot was called in ISfjC, and resigned in 1869. 
The Ucv. Thomas Lyle has been the rector of the 
parish since June 1, ISGO. The sittings are free; the 
revenue being obtained from the weekly offertory and 
from subscrijitions. Tiie number of ])ersons regis- 
tered as communicants lias been one hundred and ten; 
one hundred and seven have been bapti/.ed, and sixty- 
live have been confirmed. A rectory, adjoining the 
church edifice, was built in 1867. A snnill cemetery 
lies beyond the chancel. The officers of the church 
are as follows: Wardens, John Doan, J. W. Ogram; 
vestrymen, R. Gerrard, G. Doan, W. Oliver, J. W. 
Doan, R. Gray, and L. B. Reers. 

THE COXOKEfiATlOXAL CHLKCII Ol' lOLI.AMER. 

For several years before 1851 there had been a strong 
feeling among some of the members of the Presbyte- 
rian church at Euclid, or Collamer, that the Presby- 
terian denomination should bear stronger testimony 

57 



against slavery than it had previously done. On the 
37th of December, 1851, fourteen members presented 
a memorial declaring that they could not continue in 
connection with the church while it maintained fel- 
lowshij) with slaveholders. This memorial was signed 
by John Ruple, Asa Weston, R. Dutton, Asa Cady, 
Teresa Cady, Alma Ruple, H. A. C. Adams, Ezekiel 
Adams, Orpha Adams, L. C. Ruple, Mina Ruple, 
H. L. Ruple, Ilannah Rnjile, John Perkins. 

The Presbyterian congregation voted to dismiss 
them W4th letters to any church they might desire to 
join. They then proceeded to organize themselves 
into the Free Congregational Church of Collamer. 
For three or four years they worshiped in the school- 
house; at the end of which time, their numbers hav- 
ing materially increased, they jiroceeded to build the 
brick church at Collamer, still owned by them. They 
maintained a separate existence with varying fortunes 
until June, 1877, when they formed a union for work- 
ing j)urposes with the Presbyterian church, as nar- 
rated in the sketch of that body. 

DISCIPLE CHURCH OF COLLAMER. 

This church was constituted in the fall of 1820. 
The first members were Luther Dille, Clarissa Dille, 
Eri M. Dille, Lurilla Jones, Leonard Marsilliot, Edit- 
tea Cranney, Desire Perry, Mary Anne Perr}' and 
Fanny Cranney; soon joined by Nancy Hale. The 
church was organized at the log school-house west of 
E. ;\[. Dille's residence. Luther Dille was set apart 
as the first ruling elder. Much was trusted to the 
efforts of the elders, or overseers, and pastors did not 
succeed each other with the regularity that nuirks 
ministerial changes in some churches. Nor are there 
any available records regarding the early history of 
this church. 

The Discijile society, however, continued to flour- 
ish, and about 1840 a framed house of worship was 
erected at Collamer. Rev. A. S. Ilayden was one of 
the princii)al ministers who, at different periods, car- 
ried on the work of the church. In 1861 it had 
thriven so greatly that the members were able to 
begin the erection of a brick house of worship, which 
was completed in 1802. Mr. Ilayden was pastor from 
1863 to ISOO, and Rev. A. B. Green from 1806 to 
1868. In the latter year Rev. W. B. Ilendrix held 
two protracted meetings, at which nearly a hundred 
members united themselves with the church. 

From 1868 to 1878 Revs. A. S. Ilayden and A. B. 
Green were the pastors. Rev. W. B. Ilendrix bccanie 
the minister in charge in 1878. 

This church has been particularly distinguished as 
a nursery for others; not less than twenty Disciple 
churches, in various parts of the West, having been 
founded by emignints from iMiclid and East Cleve- 
land, who had belonged to the Collamer church. 
Notwithstanding the recent organization of a Discijilc 
church at Collinwood, the one at Collamer is in a 
very flourishing condition and has over a liimdred 



450 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



members. 
Hudson. 



The overseers are E. M. Dille aud Wm. 



Disciple cuurih at collinwood. 

In February, 1878, at the suggestion of E. M. 
Dille, the zealous ovei-seer of the Disciple church of 
Collamer, who offered to pay the expenses of such a 
proceeding, Kev. W. B. Hendrix began a scries of 
Discijile meetings at Collinwood. They were blessed 
with marked success, and on the 16th of April a 
church was organized by Mr. Hendrix, with fifty-nine 
members. 

It was immediately proposed to build a house of 
worship, and in ten days less than two months from 
the organization, a handsome framed edifice was coni- 
jileted, costing about two thousand five hundred 
dollars, of which Mr. Dille contributed eight hundred. 
, It was dedicated on the 4th of .Tuly,.1878. 

The church has now about seventy members; being 
still under the pastorate of Mr. Hendrix. The over- 
seers are the same as those at Collamer, E. M. Dille 
aud Wm. Hudson; the deacons are George Moi'seand 
Alexander Mcllrath. 

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH OF COLLINWOOD. 

The supporters of the Congregational creed, and 
others who were desirous of having religious worship 
in Collinwood, united in. erecting a framed house of 
worship in 1874, before! any church had been organ- 
ized. A Congregational church, with the- above title, 
was formed in 1875. The first pastor was the Eev. 
Josiah Turner. He was succeeded by the Eev. C. E. : 
liuddick, who closed his services in 1878. There are 
now about sixty members. The deacons are L. Cody, 
J. Fronting, C. Hoaglaud aud George Beading; the 
trustees are L. Cody, Wm. Greenlees, Benj. Carter: 
and Wm. Jonghin. 

PRINCIPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 

1847 . Trustees, Theron Wood worth. Ahimaaz Sherwin, Samuel Erwin ; 
clerk, Ansel Young; treasurer, Isaac N. PUlsbury; assessor. Freeman 
Whitman. 

ltfI8. Trustees, Benjamin Crawford, Samuel Erwiu, Joel Jones; clerk, 
Ansel YoTuig:; treasurer, B. T. Blackwell; assessor, Benj. P. Beers. 

1^9. Trustees, Hiram Mcllrath. Joel Jones, Benj. S. Welch; clerk. A. 
Young; treasurer, B. T. Blackwell; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1850. Trustees, H. Jlcllrath, J. P. Doan, Darius Ford; clerk, Horatio 
C. Ford; treasurer, Daniel R. Hildreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1851. Trustees, Robt. Harlow, John Welch, J. P. Doan; clerk, H. C. 
Ford; treasurer, D. R, Hildreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

ia52. Trustees, Robt. Harlow, John Welch, J. P. Doan; clerk, H. C. 
Ford; treasurer, D. R. Hildreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1853. Trustees, Robt. Harlow, Joel Jones, Lyman Crosby; clerk. E. 
T. Sturtevant; treasurer, D. R. Hildreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1864. Trustees, Robt. Harlow, B. P. Beers, Lasell Birge; clerk, E. T. 
Sturtevant; treasui-er, D. R. Hildreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1855. Trustees, Lasell Birge, E. H. Lacy, Jonathan C. Bowles; clerk, 
E. T. Sturtevant: treasurer, D. R. Hildreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1856. Trustees, D. A. 1 eers, J. R. Walters, Park B. Clark; clerk, E. 
T. Sturtevant; treasurer, D. R. Hildreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1857. Trustees. J. R. Walters, G. Watkins, Jos. Phillips; clerk, E. T. 
Sturtevant; treasurer, D. R. HUdreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1868. Trustees, J. R. Walters, Fredk. P. Silsby, Wm. Treat; clerk, E. 
T. Sturtevant; treasurer, D. R. Hildreth; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1859. Trustees, F. P. Silsby, Darius Adams, Alfred Talbot; clerk, E. 
T. Sturtevant; treasurer, D. R. Hildreth; assessor, S. W. Baldwin. 

1800. Trustees, Darius .'Vdams, Jos. Slaght, F. L. Burt; clerk, E. T 
Sturtevant; treasurer. John R. Walters; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1801. Trustees, Darius Adams, L. F. Beers, Geo. Mather; clerk, S. W. 
Baldwin; treasurer, J. R. W'alters; assessor, H. N. S]uith. 



1863. Trustees, Sargent Currier, L. F. Beers, C. W. Dellenbaugh; 
clerk, S. W. Baldwin; treasurer, J. R. Walters; assessor. H. N. Smith. 

1803. Trustees, li. F. Beers, C. W. Dellenbaugh, Sargent Currier; 
clerk, S. VV. Baldwin; treasurer, J. R. Walter.s; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

18M. Trustees, C. W. Dellenbaugh, R. C. Meeker. Jas. Haycox: clerki 
S. W. Baldwin; treasurer, J. R. Walters: assessor. H. N. Smith. 

1805. Trustees, C. W. Dellenbaugh, Andrew Wemple, J. O. Meeker; 
clerk, S. W. Baldwin; treasurer, J. R. Walters; assessor. H. N. Smith. 

1860. Trustees, C. W. Dellenbaugh, Andrew Wemple, J. O. Meeker; 
clerk, S. W. Baldwin; treasurer. J. R. Walters: assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1867. Trustees. C. W. Dellenbaugh, Andrew Wemple, J. O. Meeker; 
clerk, S. W'. Baldwin; treasurer, J. R. Walters; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

ISils. Trustees, Andrew Wemple, J. O. Meeker, W. P. Hudson; clerk, 
S. W. Baldwin; treasuier, J. R. Walters; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1869. . Trustees, Andrew Wemple. W. P. Hud.son, L. F. Beers; clerk. 
S. W. Baldwin; treasurer, N. L. Post; assessor, H. S. Smith. 

1870. Trustees, W. P. Hudson, Robt. Harlow, L. F. Beers; clerk. S. 
W. Baldwin; treasurer, N. L. Post; assessor, M. A. Bard. 

1871. Trustees, Robt. Harlow, L. F. Beers, Seth Minor: clerk, S. W. 
Baldwin; treasurer, N. L. Post; assessor, M. A. Bard. 

1872. Trustees, Robt. Harlow, L. F. Beers, Seth Minor; clerk, S. W 
Baldwin; treasurer, N. L. Post; assessor, M. A. Bard. 

1873. Trustees, Seth Minor, L. F. Beers, Joseph Ames; clerk, W. B. 
Wearing; treasurer, Henry Ford; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1874. Trustees- L, F. Beers, Joseph Ames, Marion Minor: clerk, W. 
B. Wearing; treasurer, Henry Ford; assessor, H. N. Smith. 

1875. Trustees, .L. F. Beers, Joseph .\mes, Marion Minor; clerk, VV. 
B. Waring; treasurer, Henry Ford; assessor. Levi Thomas. 

1876. Trustees, Marion Minor, L. F. Beers, Joseph Aries ; clerk, Nor- 
ton Doan: treasurer, A. C. Stevens: assessor, Levi Thomas. 

1877. Trustees, Joseph Ames, Joseph Parks, Marion Minor; clerk, 
Wm. .James; treasurer, A. C. Stevens; assessor, Anson Bartlett. 

1878. Trustees, Joseph Ames, Joseph Parks, Wm. Quilliams; clerk, 
Norton Doan; treasurer, Wm. James: assessor, Anson Bartlett. 

1879. Trustees, AVilliam T. Quilliams, Joseph Amor, Joseph Parks; 
clerk, Norton Doan: treasurer, Wni. James: assessor, Anson Bartlett. 



.JOHN DOANE. 

IMie distinction of being the earliest surviving male 
resident of the county invests Mr. Doane with public 
interest and the facts regarding his ancestors and his 
. life will be read with jileasure. He is descended from 
one of the oldest families in this country, and the 
family is also an old one in England and is thus al- 
luded to in the "Patronymica Brittanica:" " Done. — 
A great Cheshire family whom Omerod designates as 
a "race of warriors who held Utkinton (supi)osed to 
be the Done of Domesday) as military tenants of Veii- 
ables from the time of King John. The chiefs of 
this house will be found in the battle rolls of Agin- 
court, Bloreheath and Flodden. * * * 'p],,, 
name is pronounced Done (o long) and is also spelled 
Doane by members of the same (Cheshire) family.". 

The originalJohn Doane, the founder of the Doane 
family in this country, crossed the Atlantic in one of 
the first three ships that sailed to Plymouth, landing 
at that famous s})»t in the year 1630. A brother came 
after aud settled in Canada; auother brother settled 
in Virginia and founded an extensive connection. 

John Doane took a prominent and useful part in 
the Plymouth Colony, and in 1633 was chosen assist- 
ant to Governor Winslow. In addition to this and to 
the civil offices which he held he was made a deacon 
in the church at Plymouth and at Eastham. He died 
in 1685 at the advanced age of ninety-five years. 

He had five children, all of whom were the progen- 
itors of large families. The youngest, Daniel, had 
four children by his first wife, among whom was Jo- 
seph Doane, born in 1669, three years after the fire 
and plague of London. Joseph had twelve children; 




. a 'rz-zWi JJ-i 



O-Cti-t.^^ 



EAST clevp:land. 



451 



llie first was named Mary, after the mother, and the 
socoiul Josepli, after the father. Joseph, Jr., was 
born Noveiiiher 15, 1693, and married Deborah Had- 
dock ill 1735. He removed to Middle Iladdam, near 
Middlctown on the Connecticut river, and there en- 
gaged in ship building. His third son, Seth, was born 
June 0, lT.Jo, and married Mercy Parker, by whom he 
had ninecliildren: .Seth, Timothy, Elizabeth, Nathan- 
iel, Job (who died in infancy), Mercy, Job, John M. 
and Deborah. Tlie twoSetli Doanes, fatlier and son, 
were taken prisoners by the British, from a merchant 
vessel in liTG, during the revolutionary war, the father 
at tlie time being mate of the vessel on which he was 
cajitured. They were released in 1777, and soon after 
the younger Seth died from sickness contracted while 
a prisoner, and due to his captivity. 

Nearly all the children of Seth Doane removed 
West, and among the prominent pioneers of C'uy- 
lioga county were Timothy and Mary Gary Doane, 
parents of the subject of this sketch, who moved 
hither from Herkimer county, New York, early in 
the present century. 

Timothy Doane was born in Middle Haddam, Mid- 
dlesex county, Connecticut, on the 8tii of November, 
17.")'.t. In early life he adopted the calling of a sailor, 
which he followed nineteen years, a part of that time 
baing the captain of a merchantman. 

In 1783 he married Mary Cary, by whom he had 
ten cliildren, viz: Nancy, born May G, 1783; Seth 
itorn April 11, 1785; Timothy, born April 7, 1787; 
Mary, born May 16, 1789; Mercy, born Sei)tember 33, 
1794; Del)ora!i, born January 11, 1796, and John, 
the suliject of this notice, born on the 21st of June, 
1798. Some time after his marriage Timothy Doane 
gave up the sea, and removed to Herkimer county. 
New York, where he engaged in farming. It was 
during his residence in that county that .John Duaiie 
was born in the town of P'rankford. 

Mr. Doane remained in New York seven years, and 
then determined to move still farther West. He ac- 
cordingly dis|)osed of his farm, and with his family 
set out for Ohio. They traveled to Bulfalo with one 
team of horses and one of oxen. At that place the 
family remained while the father jmshed forward 
tliroiigh the unbroken forest — it being then in the 
month of Februar}'— until he reached the residence 
of his brother Nathaniel, who liad lately settled at 
Doane's Corners, now in the eastern jjai't of the city 
of Cleveland. He immediately purchased two lots of 
land, in what was formerly called Euclid, but for 
I liirty-two years has been known as East Cleveland. 

In the spring of the same year (1801) he sent for 
his family. They came in an open boat to Paines- 
ville, where the boat became disabled and sank, so 
that from there they were obliged to travel overland — 
the party of five riding on two horses, and finding 
their way through the forest by the aid of "burnt 
trees " etc. They arrived at their destination after a 
long, wearisome and eventful journey. Their nearest 



neighbor for two or tliree years was Nathaniel Doane 
at "Doane's Corners." 

For a number of years Mr. Doane found constant 
employment in cutting down the timber, tilling the 
land, and building a home for his family. In later 
life he became prominently identified with many of 
the public interests of the county, and wherever 
known was recognized as a man of staunch principles 
and unvarying integrity. 

He was a justice of the peace when the county 
was first organized, and was also a judge of the 
court of common pleas. He died on the 14th of 
November, 1838. His wife survived him twenty 
years, her death occurring in the same month in the 
year 1848. 

John Doane received a limited education, such as 
was alforded by the common schools of that day. 

He remained at the paternal home, assisting in 
clearing and tilling the farm until he reached his 
twenty-second year. He then commenced farming 
upon his own account, which he continued uninter- 
ruptedly nntil 1874 when he retired from active busi- 
ness. He has lived upon the farm which he still 
owns for seventy-eight years; having seen an unbroken 
wilderness displaced by fruitful fields and pleasant 
homes, while small settlements have grown into jtojiu- 
lous cities. 

Mr. Doane, although very plain and unostentatious, 
is a man of strong principles. He was among the 
first to abandon the objectionable pioneer custom of 
the frequent use of intoxicating liquors. Tlirougli- 
out life he has been strictly temperate in his habits; 
never using tobacco in any form, and although now 
in his eighty-second year, he possesses a fair amount 
of physical vigor and undiminished mental powers. 
In his early days he was an active member of the 
militia cavalry, in which lie held the otlice of ser- 
geant. In politics he has uniformly acted with the 
Republicans, but has never in any way sought public 
oflRce. Since 1839 he has been a member of St. 
Paul's Episcopal Church, and both as a christian and 
a citizen he has ever been highly esteemed. 

Mr. Doane was married January 17, 1820, to Anno- 
livia Baldwin, daughter of Seth Baldwin, of Cleve- 
land, who died in February, 1821. He was married 
the second time to Sophia Taylor, daughter of Jona- 
than Taylor, of Middle Iladdam, Connecticut, on 
the 37th of September, 1823. By this union he had 
six children: >[ary F., born November20, 1823; Alii, 
gail, born September 16, 1823; Edward B., born 
January 17, 1838; Annolivia, born September 16, 
1829; Harriet S., born August 18, 1831, and Jolin 
W., born August 17, 1833. 

Mrs. Doane died on the 3rd of October, 1870. 
The majority of Doanes or Doansin this section spell 
their names without the final letter, but Mr. John 
Doane and his descendants prefer to adhere to the 
original form, wliich is the one in common use 
throughout the country. 



452 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER LXXV. 

EUCLID. 

Euclid assigned to the Surveyors— Origin of the Name— The Agreement 
uot carried out— John Morse— Joseph Burke— David Dille— Kiiple and 
Coleman— A House without a Board— Learning two Trades to get some 
Meal— Salting Fish— Jacob Coleraau— A Superabundance of Rattle- 
snakes-Gad Cranney and Abraham Bishop— Organization of the 
Township— First Officers- Excitement in the War ot 1K13— Dr. Farns- 
worth- Cheap Land— Paul P. Condit— Euclid Village and Euclid Creek 
—The Voters of 1815— The Old Stoneware Factory— Euclid Creek in 
ISil— Th» Householders of 1838— Steady Improvement— Ship Yard at 
the Mouth of the Creek— The Railroad— The War for the Union— 
Grape-Culture— The Stone Business— The Present Village of Euclid— 
Ir.corijoration- CoUinwood— The Baptist Church- St. Johns Congre- 
gation—Presbyterian Church— St. Paul's Church— Principal Town- 
ship Officers. 

As stated in the general liLstoiT of the county, the 
surveyors and laborers employed by the Connecticut 
Land Company to survey the Western Reserve, insisted, 
after their arrival in tliat tract, in the spring of 1706 
on having a sbare in the fortune which was ex2iected 
to be derived from it. Gen. Cleaveland, the agent of 
the company and superintendent of the survey, was 
obliged to accede to tlieir request, and agreed that 
those of them who chose to become actual settlers 
might have a township at one dollar per acre. This 
acrreemeut was confirmed by a written contract, made 
at Cleveland, on the 30th of September following, by 
which township eight, in the eleventh range was as- 
signed to the employees before mentioned. 

The education of the principal surveyors having 
been chiefly mathematical, they agreed to call their 
township by the name of the great mathematician, 
Euclid. The name has ever since been retained, be- 
ing applied first to the survej'-township and then to the 
civil township covering the same territory. The 
western and southwestern parts have since been taken 
off, to form part of the township of East Cleveland: 
leaving Euclid an irregular tract, with an eastern 
boundary nearly nine miles long, a southern one less 
than three miles long, and a northwestern one (on the 
lake shore) about six miles long. This sketcli is in- 
tended to give the history of the territory now com- 
prising Euclid, leaving tlie remainder of the old town- 
ship of that name to be treated of under the head of 
East Cleveland, though it will occasionally be neces- 
sary to allude to incidents and persons on the west side 
of the line between those two townships. 

By the contract between Gen. Cleaveland and the 
surveyors, the latter were to settle eleven families in 
the township in 1797, eighteen more in 1798, and 
twelve more in 1799; all with houses, and with small 
clearings of specified amounts. .Otherwise, the land 
was fco revert to the company, except that parties who 
performed under the contract were not to lose their 
rights. 

Immediately afterward the employees held a meet- 
ing, and arranged by lot who were to begin settle- 
ments under the contract, respectively, in one, two and 
three years, that is in 1797, '98 and '99. Of all who 
thus planned the allotment of this magnificent tract, 
(in which each would have had five luindred acres), 
not a single one became a permanent resident of the 



territory in question, although one of the number, 
Nathaniel Doan did become a resident at "Doan's 
Corners" in Cleveland township, now included in 
Cleveland city. 

Yet several attempts were made to carry out the 
arrangement. 

Among the memoranda of the surveys of the fol- 
lowing year (1797) we find one which says that on the 
10th of August two men started out to do "settling 
duties" for Seth Pease and Dr. Shepard, two of the 
leading men employed by the company. Several 
other beginnings were made in that year under the 
contract, mostly on the flats between the ridge and 
the lake shore. This part of the township was sui- 
veved into small tracts, while the portion farther 
from the lake was divided into larger ones; the inten- 
tion being that each man might have a place near the 
lake and one farther back. 

The first considerable improvement of which there 
is any account was made in 1798 by John Morse, wlio 
was not one of the original surveyors of 1796, but 
may have purchased the right of one of them. He 
built a good log house on the ridge, on the east line 
of the township, and girdled about twenty aci'cs of 
timber around it. He also cleared oil three or four 
acres on the flats near the lake shore, and sowed it to 
wheat and grass seed. In due time the wheat was cut 
and secured in the sheaf in a small log barn, covered 
with black ash bark. Notwithstanding all this labor, 
Morse seems to have abandoned his land very sud- 
denly, for the wheat was left to be destroyed by tiie 
weather (remaining untouched in the frail barn for 
several years) while the part sowed to grass for more 
than ten years furnished the whole township witli 
"timothy'" and "red-top " seed, the two kinds sowed 
by Morse. 

The first permanent settler in Euclid township was 
Joseph Burke, a native of Vermont and a drummer 
in the Revolutionary army. He was not one of the 
forty-one employees who made the contract with Gen. 
Cleaveland, in 1796, though he may have belonged to 
the survey-corps the next year. He settled in 1798 
or '99 on the east line of ilie township, north of and 
adjoining the land taken up by Morse. Burke's 
cabin was on the main road, which had been opened 
from Cleveland to the Pennsylvania line, at the foot 
of the ridge, to the extent of girdling the trees on a 
space two rods wide, and cutting out what little un- 
derbrush there was. It could not be traveled in a 
wagon without an axe to remove obstructions. 

Ml-. Burke soon obtained a little whisky and 
opened a sort of tavern, not only the first in the 
township, but the first between Conneaut and Cleve- 
land. He remained about ten years, when, lie re- 
moved to Columbia in the present county of Lorain. 
He afterwards volunteered in the war of 1813, and 
died in the service. 

The next settler in the present township of Euclid, 
of whom we have any account, was David Dille, a 
native of New Jerse}-, who came from western Penu- 



EUCLID. 



453 



sylvaniji in November, 1798, and located himself on 
the main road lialf a mile southwest of Euclid creek. 
.Mr. Dille had been actively engaged in the border 
wars witli the Indians during and subsc((uent to tlie 
Revolution, and was in the expedition of Colour! 
Crawford when that unfortunate commander was de- 
feated, captured and burned at tlie stake, near Upper 
Sandusky. He had five sons, Nehemiaii, Lewis li., 
Calvin, Luther and Asa, wlio were nearly all grown 
to manliood when their father came to Euclid, and 
who eitiier came with him or made tlieir way tliitlier 
witiiiii two or three years afterward. He had also 
fourteen younger cliildreu, mostly natives of Euclid. 
-Mr. Dille lived the remainder of his long life in 
Euclid, and died tliere, having trebly done his duty 
to the country, as soldier, pioneer and parent. 

Although, as before stated, David Dille was the first 
actual settler after Burke, of whom anything is 
known, yet iu August previous five young men from 
Washington county, Pennsylvania, came to Euclid to 
look for land, and four of them made selections along 
the main road; John Shaw and Thomas Mcllrath iu 
what is now East Cleveland; John Ruplo iu Euclid, 
close to the line between the two townships; and 
William Coleman at Euclid creek. The fifth num. 
(iarrett Thorp, did not then make a selection. 

In April, 1804, Coleman, Shaw and Mcllratli be- 
gan work on their respective locations. In the fall 
of hs(i4, Mr. Coleman, having cleared and planted 
two or three acres, and got out the logs for a cabin, 
brouglit on his family to their new home. He was a 
native of New Jersey, only twenty-three years old, 
!iut blessed with a wife and two children, and with 
little beside; his worldly goods consisting of a yoke 
of oxen, a wagon, a cow, and seventy-five cents in 
money. The wagon cover served as a tent for a short 
lime, tlie few neighbors (all who lived within ten 
miles were neighbors) heljied roll up the logs for a 
laliin, and then Mr. and Mrs. Coleman put on the 
roof without other assistance. AVhen finished there 
was not a piece of board about the house; the door, 
the ehamber-floor, and so much of an under floor as 
liiere was, being all made of stuff sj)lit out of logs 
witii an axe. 

A series of incidents related by Mr. Coleman in a 
manuscript preserved by the His-torical Society, illus- 
trates most forcibly the difficulties of i)ionecr life. 
The family having by the following March used ujiall 
the little stock of corn wliich liad been raised the pre- 
vious year, Mr. Coleman went to Judge Huntington's 
wife, at Newburg, (the judge being away on his judi- 
cial duties) and endeavored to purchase some on credit. 
The tiirifty housewife luirdiv felt dis])osed to sell in 
that way to a stranger, but being desirous to aid liini 
if [iracticable, asked him if he could make baskets. 

"Yes," promptly replied young Coleman, who felt 
that it Wiis true, for lie was sure that he could make 
baskets if a squaw could, although as yet he had never 
tried. 



" Well, what will you ask to make me some?" she 
then inquired. 

" The old Indian price," he replied; '"the basket 
full of shelled corn." 

She i)romptly agreeil to tlu' tei-tus, and gave him a 
list of the number and size of liaskets she wanted. 
He then returned home, borrowing thirty jjounds of 
corn-meal on the way, of Captain Timothy Doane, in 
the present township of East Cleveland, to be repaid 
on the completion of the basket-contract. The next 
morning Mr. Coleman looked up some good timber 
and began to learn the trade of basket-nuiking. It 
took him several days to accpiire the art to his own 
satisfaction, but at length he succeeded in making a 
substantial, good-looking basket, and at the end of 
three weeks he had filled his contract. He then took 
his oxen, and carried his manufactures and some 
empty bags to Mrs. Huntington, who was well pleased 
with his work, and filled the baskets with corn accord- 
ing to contract; the whole amounting to ten and a 
half bushels. 

Mr. Coleman next went to the mill at Newburg, 
then owned by Rudolphus Edwards, to get his corn 
ground, but found that the stones had been taken out 
to receive an entirely new "dress." Deacon Burke, 
an old miller, had been sent for all the way from 
Hudson, to do the work, which had already occiijjied 
several days, and was likely to occujjy several more. 
Coleman was bent on returning home with some meal 
as soon as possible; so after watching the deacon's oji- 
erations a short time he told Edwards that the best 
thing for all parties was for him, Edwards, to board 
him and his oxen while he should help Burke dress 
the stones. Edwards was willing, if Coleman could 
do the work properly. The latter had never struck a 
blow on a mill-stone in his life, but he was accustomed 
to the use of tools, had plenty of confidence in him- 
self and was sure he could imitate the ]iattcrn set by 
the deacon. He tried it and succeeded to the entire 
satisfaction of the old miller. He accordingly re- 
mained, and after two or three days work the task 
was completed and the grist was ground. Mr. Cole- 
man then made his way home, having exj)ended nearly 
a month's time and learned two trades in order to get 
a few hundred pounds of corn meal. 

The next move was to go to Rocky river to catch 
fish for the summer's use, as was the custom with all 
the pioneers of this section. Mr. Coleman and an- 
other man went thither in a canoe and soon returned 
with two barrels of line pike and pickerel. Curiously 
enough, down to this time the people liad generally 
supposed that lake-fish could not lie preserved in salt 
or brine. An old Indian, when applied to for inf<ii- 
mation as to whether it could be done or not, replied: 

"No — no salt; put him on pole — make little lire — 
smoke him heap." 

^Ir. Coleman's common sense, however, taught him 
that lake-fish would keep in salt as well as ocean-fish, 
and ius, among his few treasures, he had a supj)ly of 
salt, for wiiich he had traded his watch before leaving 



454 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Pennsylvania, he determined to try the experiment. 
It was completely successful, and the example was 
at once followed by all the people around, and resulted 
in making an important addition to the comforts of 
the community. The late Hon. John Barr took 
some pains to investigate the matter, and has left it 
on record that he was satisfied that this important 
discovery was due to Mr. Coleman. 

Jacob Coleman, an uncle of William, and a soldier 
of the Eevolution, who had served for several years in 
Colonel William A. Washington's celebrated regiment 
of horse, moved into Euclid in 1805, as did also John 
Kuple, long known as " Deacon " Eujile, who settled 
on ihe ground he had selected two years before, a 
little east of Nine Mile creek. He lived there through- 
out a long life, raising a large and respectable family. 

Of course the forest of gigantic trees of which the 
old settlers speak with great admiration, was well 
supplied with such game as deer and bears, while an 
occasional panther gave an additional flavor of danger 
to the sports of the chase. Coon-huntmg occupied a 
good deal of time, as it not only provided food when 
larger game was not attainable, but because coon-skius 
could be traded at some price to the primitive mer- 
chants of Cleveland and Newburg for articles of indis- 
pensable necessity. 

But the particular pet of Euclid seems to have been 
the rattlesnake. All the old settlers mcnt on the 
great numbers of these reptiles to be found in early 
times in the ravines of the main ridge and among 
tiie rocks farther back. Deacon John Ruple atone 
time killed thirty-eight, counted them and j)iled them 
up in a heap, although the poison which the angry rep- 
tiles spit forth into the air made him so sick that he 
had no desire to repeat the work. Luther Dille had a 
similar experience near Collamer; killing forty-three, 
and becoming so sick that he had to go home and 
leave a number of the nest alive. Boys made it tlieir 
pai'ticular business to kill rattlesnakes, and became 
so fearless in dealing with them that an urchin would 
fre(|uently hold a live snake down with a forked 
stick, slip a noose made of bark over its neck, and 
drag it home to show to his friends before dispatch- 
ing it. At other times they would shoot them with 
bows and arrows, and hold tlum up writhing on the 
jioints of tiieir weapons. 

The people of Euclid brought with them theirolden 
reverence for religion, and the first church in the 
present county of Cuyahoga was organized in that 
township in August, 1807, John Euple being one of 
the first deacons; but as the house of worship belong- 
ing to it was in what is now East Cleveland, a sketch 
of the church is given in the history of tliat town- 
ship. 

Andrew Mcllratli and his three sons-in-law — xlbra- 
ham Mattox, David Burnett and Abraham L. Norris — 
settled in 1807 near the line between the present 
townships of Euclid and East Cleveland. He re- 
mained there as long as he lived, hut the others, after 
three vears" residence, moved to the West. In 1808 



Gad Cranney located himself on an old clearing near 
the lake shore, where lie remained some fifteen years, 
when he, too, sought a new home m Indiana. The 
same year John Adams settled on the main road east 
of Euclid creek, where he remained some ten years, 
when he sold out to John Wilcox, who stayed there 
until quite a recent period. 

In 1809 Abraham Bishop, of Washington county. 
New York, settled on the lot on the ridge formerly 
improved by John Morse. He was a man of some 
means, and brought with him a large assortment of 
plow-irons, chains, etc., all of which found a ready 
sale among the settlers. The next year he built a saw- 
mill on the east branch of Euclid creek, on the site 
long occupied by Jonathan and Seth D. Pelton for 
that purpose; that being the first mill of any kind in 
the present townshiji of Euclid. 

We must not omit, in passing, to mention the first 
slaughter of a panther (by a white man) in the old 
township of Euclid, the victor being Deacon John 
Ruple, and the animal being a very fine specimen, 
measuring nine feet from the tip of his nose to the 
end of his tail. AVe give the deacon the honor of this 
achievement on the authority of Mr. Coleman's man- 
uscript before referred to, as he must certainly have 
known the facts. Mr. Andrew Mcllrath is also cred- 
ited with killing a panther about the same time, his 
only weapon being an axe. There seems to be some 
confusion about the two anecdotes; possibly they both 
relate to the same incident, but on the whole it will 
probably be the safest to allow each of the gentlemen 
the glory of killing a panther. 

In the forepart of 1810 the civil township of 
Euclid Avas organized, embracing the survey town- 
ship' of that name and also the townshijis on tiie 
Chagrin river, a large unoccupied tract on the south. 
The first town meeting was held on the :i3d day 
of April, 1810, at the dwelling house of Walter 
Strong, when Timotliy Doan acted as moderator, 
and David Dille and Abraham Bishop as judges of 
election. The following officers were elected : Trus- 
tees, Elisha Graham, David Dille, Thomas Mcllrath; 
clerk, Lewis R. Dille; overseers of the poor, David 
Hendershot, Holley Tanner; fenee-viewei's, Seth 
Doan, James Lewis; appraiser, Nehemiah Dille; 
lister. Holley Tanner; treasurer, Abraham Bishop; 
constable, Nehemiah Dille; supervisor of highways — 
eastern district, James Covert; northern district. 
Holly Tanner; east middle district, Abraham Bishop; 
western district, John Shaw; southern district, Asa 
Dille; west middle district, Lewis R. Dille. 

Garrett and Benjamin Thorp settled respectively 
in 1810 and 1811, near the mouth of Euclid creek, 
tliough Benjamin soon moved to the western part of 
the township, now East Cleveland. 

When the war of 1813 broke out, the peojde of 
Euclid felt themselves to be in a particularly danger- 
ous condition, exposed to assaults from the British 
armed vessels on the lake, and fearing possible raids 
from Indians bv laud. When the news came of Hulfs 



EUCLID. 



455 



surrender, followed swiftly by the report that the 
British and Indians were making a uuirderous pro- 
gri'.ss down the lake, the people hitched up their ox- 
sleds, loaded on their families and provisions and 
started eastward. They found the Chagrin I'ivcr so 
.swollen that they could not cro.ss, and were in dire 
distress over the extremely unpleasant prospect. 
William Coleman went twice to Cleveland to learn 
tlu' latest news. On his second trip he learned that 
I lie suiiposed British-Indian army was only a part of 
lliiU's surrendered foi-ces. Ere long most of tiie 
iMiclid people returned to their homes, and nearly all 
of them who were capable of beai'ing arms served at 
one time or another in defense of tiie frontier. 

When troops were stationed at Cleveh.nd, a small 
jucketof horsemen was generally maintained at Euclid 
creek, to give notice of any possible hostile movement 
fviini that direction. Just before the battle of Lake 
Erie, as related in the general history, a detachment 
landed from the British fleet and killed an ox sup- 
posed to have belonged to one of the Mcllraths; but 
this was the only occasion of the kind, and the vic- 
tory won by Perry and his men soon put an end to 
the alarms of the people. 

U was just before, or during the war that Dr. 
ILivilla Farnsworth who had previous]}- practiced at 
Newport, Rhode Island, settled on what is now known 
as the Friday farm, on the ridge, being the first phy- 
sician in the present township. He had a large j>rac- 
tice, both as physician and surgeon, for over twenty 
years; being frequently called on to go fifteen or 
twenty miles on horseback at night, Avith a guide, 
also on hor.scback, leading the way with a torch. 

Notwithstanding the war, occasional emigrants 
came in. Benjamin Day bought three hundred acres 
just west of the site of Nottingham, lauding with his 
family the day before Perry's victory. Uis only sur- 
viving son, Dr. Robert Day, was then eiglit years 
old. and well remembers the dense forests which then 
covered that part of the township. Where Notting- 
ham nf)W is, there was only a path designated by 
marked trees and nearly all the settlers were on the 
main road, sometimes called the State road, or else 
down near tlie lake shore. 

Land was still cheaj); in 181.3 Luther Dille ])aid only 
three dollars i)or acre. In 1814 Jonathan Pelton pur- 
chased Abraham Bishop's farm and sawmill on Euclid 
creek (near the present stone (|uarries) and made his 
residence there. His son, Seth D. Pelton, now of 
Euclid creek, was then nineteen years old and his 
brother Joseph, who died in 1870, was twenty-one. 
John Bishop, brother of Abraliam, lived at what is 
now Euclid village. 

Shortly afterward Paul P. Gondii opened a tavern 
in a frame house on the main road, half a mile west 
of the locality last named. This was ])robablv the 
first tavern kejtt in a framed house in the township. 
Abram Earr opened one at P^uclid creek, shortly after 
Condit. By this time there was a small hamlet, 
called Euclid, situated where Collanier now is. 



which was the center of business (of which there was 
very little) for the townsbij). Two miles northeast, of 
the nniin road was a still smaller cluster of houses, 
known as Euclid Creek, which has now assumed the 
name formerly assigned to the other village. 

Immediately after the war, Euclid began settling 
up with considerable rapidity, so many clearings mak- 
ing their ajipcarance l)oth on the flat land and on the 
ridge, that we cannot any longer attempt to designate 
the locations of the individual settlers. We give, 
however, the names, taken from the poll list, of all 
who voted in October, 1815; doubtless including those 
of nearly every voter in the old township. They are 
as follows: Timothy Doan, Wm. Coleman, David 
Hendershot, Nehemiah Dille, John Shaw, Seth Doan, 
Jacob Coleman, James Strong, Asa Dille 2d, Ama- 
ziah Porter, John U. Strong, Levi Thomas, Thos. 
Barr, David Dille, Samuel Ruple, Samuel Mcllrath, 
Jedediah Crocker, Samuel Dodge, J. Adams, A. 
Dille, Havilla Farnsvvorth, Francis K. Porter, Luther 
Dille, Enoch Murry, Benjamin Day, Abraham Bishop, 
Walter Strong, Samuel Mcllrath, Abraham L. Mor- 
ris, Jedediah D. Crocker, Parker Pelton, Samuel 
Crocker, Daniel S. Tyler, Joseph Pelton, Ezra B. 
Smith, Dennis Cooper, Calvin Dille, Abijah Crosby, 
Lewis R. Dille, Hugh Hamilton, Wm. Gray, Jas. 
Ruple — 42. W'illiam Coleman was made the first 
postmaster in the township as early as 1815. In 18)7 
or '18 he built the first gristmill in the townshij) on 
Euclid creek, and afterwards a sawmill. 

About 1830, or a little before, W^illiam Gra}', who 
had been settled ten or twelve years at the mouth of 
Euclid creek, built works there for making stoneware, 
such as jugs, jars, etc. In 1833 he sold the works to 
J. & L. Marsilliott, whose advertisement ajipears in 
the Cleveland Herald of that year. They, or at least 
one of them — Leonard Marsilliott — kept up the 
works about fifteen years; doing a large business for 
that era. He brought his clay from Springfield, 
Ohio, and burned seven or eight kilns every year: 
keeping five or six hands employed all the time. 

Mrs. Cushman, a daughter of William Coleman, 
who was born in 1819, and whose memory goes baedc 
to 1823, remembers that there was then at Euclid 
creek, a framed Baptist church, a framed school- 
house and a block-house which had been built by a 
-Mr. Randall. 

It was not until 1828, however, as appears by the 
records, that the trustees divided the townslii]) into 
school districts, forming nine districts which con- 
tained in all a hundred and eighty-three householders. . 
Fortunately the names of all these are preserved on the 
townshi)) record; so that we are able to show prettv 
accurately the progress of settlement in the old town- 
ship of Euclid at that time. They are as follows: 

District No. 1. — Aaron S. Bass, Austin H. Avery, 
Charles Moses, Nicholas Chinmark, Havilla Farns- 
worth, Abimcl Dodge, William Gray, John Wilcox, 
Charles Andrews, p]zekiel St. John, Artemas Pringlc, 
-Vmaziah Porter, John Sage, Absalom Van, Curtis 



456 



THE TOWNSHIPS OV CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Gould, William Coleman, Paul P. Condit, Nehemiah 
Dille, John F. Smith, David Dille, Dennis Cooper, 
Jolin Young, Benjamin Hamilton, Peter Bower, — 
Lucas, — Hays, — Childs — 28. 

District No. 2.— William Camp, John H. Camp, 
Jolin West, John Euple, John Hoagland, Samuel 
Ruple, BenJ. Hoagland, John Stoncr, Benj. S. Welch, 
Enoch Meeker, John Gardner, William Adams, John 
K. Hall, Nathaniel Woodruff, Myndert Wimple, An- 
drew McFarland, Elijah Burton, George R. Whitney, 
Sargent Currier, Alvin Hollister, Jesse Palmer, Jas. 
F. Palmer, Dr. Hotchkiss, Joseph King, Polydore 
King, Thomas Palmer, Peter Rush, Henry King, 
Mathias Rush, Moses Bond, Cyrus Ruple, Abram 
Histou, John Shaw, Eliliu Rockwell — 34. 

District No. 3. — Michael McDrath, Hosea Blinn, 
James Corbus, Amos Stebhius, Joel Jones, Benjamin 
Jones, John Doan, Samuel Dodge, Daniel Bronson, 
Joseph Marshall, Andrew Mellrath, Andrew Mcll- 
rath, Jr., Merritt Liudley, John Burt, Samuel E. 
Smitli, Eli Williams. Seth Doan, Thomas McHrath, 
Stephen Peet, Jedediah Crocker, Lewis Stanislaus, 
Thomas Phillips— 22. 

District No. 4. — Guy Lee, Thomas Curtis, John 
Welch, John Handee, Adoniram Peck, Jesse Cross, 
Jacob S. Dille, Richard Curtis, Clark Currier, Step- 
hen B. Meeker, Abram Mattox, Jacob Compton, 
Elias Lee, Reynolds Calioon, Asa Dille, Lewis R. 
Dille, Abel Handee— 17. 

District No. 5. — Benjamin SawtiU, Benjamin Saw- 
till, Jr., A. D. Slaght, Cyrus Gilbert, Josephus Hen- 
dershott, John Allaton, Samuel Ruple 2d, Lawrence 
Ruple, Isaac Ilusong, Abner Heston, John Goulden, 
William Ruple, Samuel W. Dille, John Cowel — 14. 

District No. 6.— William Hale, Thomas Mellrath, 
Jr., Samuel Mellrath, Samuel Mellrath 2d, Thad- 
deus Wright, Aaron Bunnel, James Johnston, Ben- 
jamin Day, Abijah Crosby, Jolin Ruple 2d, P^zekiel 
Adams, John Adams — 12. 

District No. 7. — Gad Craniiey, Levi Thomas, Asa 
Dille 2d, Calvin Dille, Luther Dille, Leonard Mar- 
silliot, Jason Crosier, Wakeman Penfield, Garrett 
Thorp, Jacob Coleman, Jacob Coleman, Jr., Abijah 
Coleman, Abraham Voorhees, Abraham Perry, 

Luther Crosier, = Johnston, AVarren Andrews, 

Joseph Crqninger, Peter Thorp, William Wright, 
Henry Ewers — 21. 

District No. 8. — Henry Shipherd, Elihu Richmond, 
Asa Weston, Samuel Robbins, Omar Spring, William 
Richmond, Russell Benjamin, Asaliel Payne, David 
Spraguc, Virgil Spring, Edmund Richmond, Levi 
Riciimond, George Weston. 

District No. n. — John Smith, Michael Stewari 
Esther Aikins, John E. Aikins, Amasa Payne. 
Ruel House, William Treat, Amasa Babbitt, Thomas 
Gray, William Upson, John Cone, Abraham Bis 
hop, James M. Strong, George Griffith, Stephei 
AVliite, Seth D. Peltou, Jonathan Pelton, Joseph Pel 
ton, 'J'racy Evans, Charles White, Robert Aikins — 21 

District No. 10.— Lawrence OX'onnor, Alansoi 



O'Connor, Jos. House, Jeremiah Shumway, Timothy 
Eddy, Aliaz Merchant, Benjamin Thorii. Andrew 
Stewart, .John Moore, David Bunnel, Luther Wood- 
worth, Ezra Fairfield, Cornelius Thorp, Isaac Page — 
14. 

It will, of course, be seen by this goodly list that 
Euclid was pretty well advanced in the way of settle- 
ment in 1828, and doubtless, the rattlesnakes had 
mostly by this time been frightened out of the local- 
ity. A stage route had been established along the 
main road between Cleveland and Buffalo, along 
which two-horse and four-horse teams went every day 
and both ways, and when emigration opened in the 
spring, the lake being still closed, it sometimes seemed 
as if the whole Eastern World was pouring along the 
great road to the Far West. 

During the next decade the old log houses of the 
pioneers were generally changed for framed ones, and 
notwithstanding the "hard times" of 1837, there 
was a marked imi)rovement in the appearance of the 
township. About 1840, or a little before, Ruel 
House, Charles Moses and Captain Wm. Trist opened 
a ship-yard at the mouth of Euclid creek, which was 
maintained some ten years. They first devoted their 
energies to building canal-boats, the yard being on 
the west side of the creek. Ten or twelve were built 
in the course of four or five years. Then the yard 
was moved to the west side and the work of building 
schooners was engaged in. Six or seven were put 
afloat in the course of the next five years; the last 
and largest having a measurement of about three hun- 
dred tons. 

R. H. Strowbridge, who came in 1840, says that 
Abram Farr was still keeping tavern at Euclid creek, 
and there were three stores at that point; those of 
John Bishop, Chas. Farr and Nelson Moses. The 
township was still somewhat thickly settled in the 
southern part, adjoining Warrensville. Stone-quar- 
ries had recently been opened near the ]iresent ones 
on Euclid creek, by James Hendershot, Madison 

Sherman and Husong, but were not worked 

much. Madison Sherman had the first mill for 
cutting stone. 

We have now passed through the more interesting 
part of the township's life, the era of its transmuta- 
tion from a wilderness into an agricultural com- 
munity, and must proceed with greater speed over 
the remaining portion. In 1847 the western part of 
Euclid was annexed to the newly formed townsiiip of 
East Cleveland, reducing the former to its present 
limits. By 1850 the township was well settled in all 
its parts, though still showing some of the marks of 
newness and roughness. 

In 1852 the opening of the Cleveland, Painesvillc 
and Ashtabula railroad (since become a part of the 
Lake Shore and Michigan Southern road) extending 
for five miles and a half through the present town- 
ship of Euclid, gave it still greater similarity to an 
old settled country. By 18C0 the transient observer 
would never have guessed that only forty \cars before 



ElTOLIl). 



457 



Euclid was the congenial lioine of llie deer, the bear, 
the wolf and the deadly rattlesnake. All wore the 
appearance of smiling repose and iinhounded plenty. 

Rut treason and slavery, more deadly foes than 
wolf or rattlesnake, were about to assail the country, 
and Euclid, like all the rest of the land, was obliged 
lo send forth her gallant sons to defend the nation's 
life. The records of both their deeds and their 
names will be found with their respective regiments 
in the general history of the county. 

Since the war more changes have been carried out 
ill Euclid tJian in almost any other township in the 
roiinty. (i rape-culture has become a very important 
industry. It was begun in a small way near Collamer 
about 18.")5, but did not attain much consequence until 
after the war. We arc indebted for some facts regard- 
ing i I 1(1 Mr. Louis Harris, one of the largest grajjc- 
growers in the township. Mr. Harris was the first 
man who phiiited a vineyard on Put-in-Bay island, but 
becoming satisfied that Euclid was a much superior 
locality for that purpose he removed thither. He has 
no hesitation in saying that that is the best locality 
for Delaware grapes in the whole State of Ohio. 

It requires three years for a vineyard to get into 
bearing order. There has been but one year in the 
history of Euclid grape-culture, in which vineyards of 
that age or older did not bear. There are about two 
iiiindred and twenty acres of vineyards in the towu- 
ship, devoted to Concord, Catawba, Delaware, Martha, 
Ives, Diana and Hartford Prolific grapes; the Con- 
cords and Oatawbas being the principal varieties 
raised. The Concords produce about three tons per 
acre, the C'atawbas two tons, the Delawares two, the 
Marthas two, the Dianas two and a half, the Ives four, 
and the Hartford Prolifics no less than five tons per 
acre. 

An especially good characteristic of the Euclid vine- 
yards- is the fact that the vines require no prote'ctiou 
(luring the winter; the slatcstone of the soil produc- 
ing strong liardy wood for the vines, impervious to all 
the winds that blow on lake or land. The poorest soil 
lor grain is the best for grajies. Land which, as Mr. 
Harris said, would not raise wheat enough to feed the 
grasshoppers, has produced good crops of grapes for 
ten years in succession. The principal market is 
found in Cleveland, but largo (|uantities are sliipped 
to Chicago, Cincinnati and Louisville. Besides the 
grapes sold in bulk, consiilerable fiuantities are made 
into wine by Mr. Harris and others in Euclid, and 
thence sent away for sale. 

Tiie stone business, too, has become an important 
one within the last twelve years. Tiie (puirries worked 
forty years ago had been substantially abandoned, on 
account of the sii])i)oscd impracticability of compet- 
ing with the Berea stone. In 1807, however, Mr. 
Duncan McFarland opened a quarry on Euclid creek, 
not far from the old ones, and since then the business 
has rapidly increased in consequence. 

James and Thomas McBarland opened the first 



quarry on the west side of the creek in 1871. In 
1875 they sold out to the Forest City Stone Company, 
opened a quarry on the east side and built a mill for 
cutting the stone into slabs. They now run three 
gangs of saws and employ about fifteen hands, mostly 
in producing fiagging stone, though some building 
stone, etc., is (juarricd. 

The Forest City Stone Company employ twenty- 
five men, and are doing a very extensive business. 
Their mill is in Cleveland. 

Maxwell Brothers (now McBride, Maxwell & Ma- 
lone) opened a quarry and built a very large mill on 
Nine Mile Creek in 1873. They run six gangs of 
saws, with about twenty men. They use Ingersoll's 
steam drill, carrying steam eleven hundred feet into 
the quarry for that purpose, and thus driving the 
drill twenty inches into the solid rock in three min- 
utes. 

There is also a sleam-niiil. for sawing stone, at 
Nottingham, built and owned by Slosson & iMcekcr. 
It has four gangs of saws, principally employed in 
cutting fiagging stone. 

The village once known as East Euclid, or Euclid 
Creek, but now more projierly designated as Euclid, 
contains one church, a fine school-house, two stores, 
one hotel, one steam basket-factory, one wagon shop, 
one shoe-shop, two blacksmith shojis, and about 
thirty houses. It has not grown very rapidly of late, 
finding a rival in Nottingham, another small village 
which has grown up since 185"i on the Lake Shore 
railroad, three-fourths of a mile to the northward. 
The latter has two stores, one wagon-sho]), one feed- 
mill, one stone-mill, one shoe-shoj), two Ijlacksmith- 
shops, and also about thirty houses. 

Nearly the whole of Euclid township was incorpor- 
ated "for special purposes,"' under the laws of Ohio, 
in April, 1877, when L. B. Smith, William Robbins 
and Louis Harms were elected trustees, and J. Day 
was appointed clerk. In April, 1878, L. B. Smith 
was re-elected for three years. But the corporate ex- 
istence of Euclid was very brief, for at the election in 
October, 1878, the people voted to surrender their 
corporate privileges, and revert to the rural condition 
of their forefathers. 

There is a commodious town-hall, built of brick, 
situated at Euclid village. In the south part of the 
township there is a framed building called Temper- 
ance Hall. It was built in 1877 by subscription, and 
is used for meetings of various kinds, especially for 
those of Clilf Division, No. 08, of the Sons of Tem- 
perance. The division M'as organized in August of 
that year and contains about fifty members. 

A part of the village of Collinwood, which has 
grown up since the wai-, on the Lake Shore railroad, 
is also in Euclid; the main street of the village being 
the line between that township and East Cleveland. 
As, however, the greater part of the village is in East 
Cleveland, it will be more fully described in the his- 
tory of that township. 



458 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



EUCLID BAPTIST CHURCH. * 

On the 27th day of April, 1830, six brethren and 
five sisters were recognized by a coiTUcil, duly called, 
as the regular Baptist church of Euclid. Luther 
Dille was the first deacon. Of those eleven members 
none remain alive; Calvin Dille, who died in 1875, 
being the last survivor. Previous to the date first 
given tliere had for several years been Baptist preach- 
ing in Euclid by Elder Goodell and others, but no 
church organization. Elder Azariah Hanks, whose 
wife was one of the constituent members, united by 
letter at the first meeting of the church, became its 
pastor, and continued so for about four jears. His 
labors during the first year were singularly successful, 
no less than forty-three persons, besides the eleven 
constituent members, uniting by baptism, and eight 
by letter, during the remaining eight months of 1824. 
Ten united on the 3d of June following the organi- 
zation, of whom Deacon Seth D. Pelton is the only sur- 
vivor, being the oldest living member of the church. 

In September of that year Elder Hanks, Deacon 
Dille and Mr. Libbey were sent as delegates to request 
the admission of the church into the Grand Kiver As- 
sociation and to i-epresent it when admitted. It was 
so admitted, and (except during two years when it 
belonged to Huron association) remained in the Grand 
River body until 1834, wlien it entered the Rocky 
River association, of which it has ever since been a 
member. 

The jurisdiction of the church seems to have ex- 
tended over a goodly portion of the Western Reserve, 
meetings being held at East Euclid, at Newburg, fre- 
quently at Chagrin river, and sometimes at S. D. Pel- 
ton's residence on the ridge, near the site of the stone 
(juarries. But the principal headquartei's of the 
church were at Euclid creek, and there in January, 
1821, the members voted to build "a framed house 
of worship on land given by John Wilcox, thirty feet 
square, with posts fifteen feet long, a gallery in front 
of the desk, ten feet wide, two doors opposite the 
desk, two aisles and thirty-six pews on the lower 
floor.'" It was first voted that the pews should be 
sold for twelve dollars each; afterwards that they 
should be sold at auction, "twenty per cent, to be 
jjaid in ashes in advance, and the balance by the first 
of January n'ext in grain." Wheat was then §1, rye 
75 cents and corn 50 cents \)er bushel. Nothing 
could more clearly show the scarcity of money and 
the primitive customs of those times than this extract. 

John Wilcox, Wm. Treat and S. D. Pelton were 
the building committee, and the structure is believed 
to have been erected during the ensuing year. In 
1822 the church employed Elder Hanks as pastor two- 
thirds of the time for two hundred bushels of wheat. 
The next year, becoming more wealthy, they voted 
to pay him three hundred bushels per year, appar- 
ently for the whole of his time. 

"Condensed from printed sketch by Rev. S. B. Webster. 



No subsequent year has been so fruitful in conver- 
sions as the first one of Elder Hanks' pastorate. 

The church maintained its original strength, but 
did not greatly increase in numbers. In 1838 Solo- 
mon Dimick was the pastor, and during that year 
seventeen were added to the church. Twenty-eight 
were baptized in 1843, under the labors of Elder 
Crocket, though apparently there was no regular 
pastor at that time. 

The church was incorporated, uuder a special act 
of the legislature, on the 12th of March, 1844, doubt- 
less preparatory to tiie erection of a new house of 
worship. The latter was begun in 1845, being, like 
the former one, erected on land donated by John 
Wilcox. It was to be of brick, about thirty-six feet 
by forty-eight, and the trustees were to finish it "as 
fast as the churcli furnish funds." Tliis was slow 
work; the time for payment in ashes and wheat was 
passed, but cash was still hard to obtain, and the 
house was so long in building that it was used for 
several years in an unfinished state, and was never 
formally dedicated. It was, however, at last com- 
pleted, and has Vieen occupied by the church to the 
present time. 

During the latter i)art of its existence, the church 
has maintained the same moderate degree of pros- 
perity which had previously distinguished it. In 
1846, under the pastorate of Elder Wilder, twenty- 
five were added by baptism, and, in 1849, under 
Elder Andrews, ten were expelled from the church. 
In 18G4, when Elder Phillips was the minister, there 
were twenty-three baptized, but this large increase was 
succeeded by ten absolutely barren years?, reaching from 
18G5 to 1875, in which there was not a single addi- 
tion to the membership. 

Tliere are now a little over fifty members, almost 
exactly the same as there were at the end of the first 
year of the church's history. The present officers are 
as follows: Pastor, S. B. Webster; deacons, S. D. 
Pelton, John Aiken; clerk, J. S. Charles; trustees, 
Henry Priday, L. J. Neville, S. S. Langshare; clerk 
of society, Warren (iardner. 

ST. John's coxgregation (germax evangelical 

LUTHERAN). 

In 1845, and the following years, a few German 
families settled in the southern part of Euclid and 
the .southeastern part of East Cleveland townshijis. 
In 1852 these people, tJien comprising about twelve 
families, tiiough as j'et unorganized, bought an acre 
of land near the old stone seliool-house, on tlie State 
road, on which they erected a small framed building 
for a meeting-house and school-house. In 1853 they 
formed themselves into a church, with the title above 
given, and called Rev. H. Kuehn to the pastorate. 
The next jear tliey bought ten and a half acres more 
of land adjoining their former purchase, and in 1854 
they built a residence for the pastor upon it. 

By 1860 the congregation had increased to about 
twenty families, and in that year the Rev. Mr. Kuehn 



EUCLID. 



459 



was succeeded by Eev. A. Erust. In 18G3 the present, 
large and convenient chnrdi edifice was erected, the 
old one being thencefortli used only as a school-house. 

The next year Mr. Ernst was succeeded by I?ev. F. 
\V. riusniann, from Fort Wayne, Indiana, who has 
ever since acted as the pastor. From that time to the 
present the church has steadily increased, there being 
now fifty families with over three hundred members. 

The school has always licen an object of anxious 
solicitude to the congregation, religions instruction 
being carefully inculcated in it, besides the ordinary 
branches of education, and German and English 
reading and writing. The pastors themselves taught 
the school until about four years ago, when, owing to 
the increased numbers of both church and school, a 
separate teacher was employed, Mr. II. Lassner hav- 
ing since acted in that ea|)acity. 

The deacons and trustees are as follows: Ernest 
Klaustcrmeier, Ernest Melcher and Fr. Melcher, of 
Euclid; Fr. IJolf iind Ileni-y Dremann. of East 
Cilevelaiul, and lleiii'v Klausternieier. of Maylield. 

I'KICSliYIIClil.W" CHl'U('II OF ^'UTTIX(iII A M. 

This ehureh was organized about 1870, and, al- 
though there were but twelve or thirteen members, 
yet their zeal was such that they built a framed house 
of worship immediately after the organization. The 
Iicv. Fianklin McCiinniss supplied the puljiit for 
about two years. Since then Rev. M. A. Sackett has 
]H'rformed the same duty, although the weakness of 
the congregation has prevented it from sustaining 
constant services. 

ST. I'AUl/S ((WTUDLIC) till li( II. 

This church was organized in the sjn-ing of 18G1, 
the chureii editit'C, situated between Nottingham and 
Euclid village, being completed in November of that 
year. Rev. Edward Harman was the first |)astor, but 
did not reside in the township. lie was succeeded in 
lS(i;5 by Rev. Fi'ancis Salenn. and he in 18G5 by Rev. 
Anthony Martin, the first resident j)astor, who has 
ever since occupied that position. The .same year a 
parsonage and a cemetery were purchased, and in 
I8(;7 a parochial school was established. St. Joseph 
Chapel, Collin wood, was separately organized in 1877, 
l)nt is under the care of the same pastor. St. Paul's 
church now includes about seventy families, and fifty 
childi'cn attend its ])arochial school. 

rKIN'Cll'AL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 

INIO. Trustees, Elislia Graham, Divid Dllle, Thomas MoIIrath; clerk, 
Lewis K. Dille; uverseera of the poor, Daniel Ilendershot, IloUey Tan- 
ner; appraiser. Xehemiah nille; lister, Holley Taimer. 

ISIl. Not recorded. 

1SI3 Trustees, Samuel Dodge, Abraham Bishop, Christopher Colson: 
clerk. L R. Dille; treasurer, A. Bishop; appraiser, A. Bishop; lister, 
Nehemiah Dille; overseers of the poor, Elias Lee, John Adams. 

1HI.3. Trustees, EHas Lee, Jedediah Crocker, Dan Iluilson; clerk. 
William Coleman; apprai-er, .ianies .Strong; lister, William Smith; 
overseers of the poor, David Dille, Elisba Oraham. 

1H14. Trustees, Seth Doan. Nehemiah Dille, James Strong; clerk, 
William Coleman; treasurer, David Dille; appraiser, John Bishop; lister, 
David Bunnell; overseer of the poor, John Shaw. 

1815. Trustees, S. Doan, N. Dille, J. Strong; clerk, Wm. Coleman; 



treasurer, Enoch Murray; lister, Samuel McIIrath; appraiser, .\. Dille; 
overseers of the poor, E. Murray, Luther Dille. 

1816. Trustees, Samuel McIIrath, Nehemiah Dille, James StroDg; 
clerk, Luther Dille; treasurer, Enoch Murray; appraiser, Aaron Cooper; 
lister, S. Ruple; overseers of the poor, John Shaw, John Ruple. 

1817. Trustees, Seth Doan, .lohn Ruiile, Tiiomas Gray; clerk, Lutlier 
Dille; treasurer, Enoch Murraj'; appraiser, Parker Pelton; lister, Anson 
Cooper; ov..'rseers of the poor, F.noch Murray, James Strong. 

IHIrt. Trustees, .John Ruple. Enoch Murray, John Wilcox; clerk, 
Wm. M.Camp; treasurer, David Dille; appraiser, Parker Pelton ; lister, 
Paul P. Condit; overseers of the poor, Dennis Cooper, Calvin Dille. 

1819. Trustees, J. Shaw, Elihu Richmond, Abijah Crosby ; clerk, Wm. 
M. Camp; treasurer, Samuel W. Dille; lister, P. P. Condit; overseers of 
the poor, Sanmel McIIrath, Asa W^eston. 

1830. Trustees, John Shaw, Eliliu Richmond, Wm. Case; clerk, Wm. 
M. C'amp; treasurer. Ales. McIIrath; appraiser, Timothy Doan ; lister, 
P. P. Condit; overseers of the poor, Robert Young, Timothy Doan. 

1881. Trustees, John Shaw, Timothy Doan, John .\ikens; clerk, Wm. 
M. Camp; treasurer, A. McIIrath; appraiser, Benjamin S. Welch; lister, 
John Sag,-; overseers of poor, Seth Doan, Wm. Coleman. 

1882. Trustees, Ahaz Merchant, Nehemiah Doan, Asa Weston ; clerk, 
Alvin HoUister; treasurer, Samuel Ruple: appraiser, B. S. Welch; list- 
er, P. P. C'ondit; overseers of poor, A. McIIrath, S. Ruple. 

1823. Trustees, Wm. M. Camp, .\haz Merchant, Ben j. Jones; clerk, 
Alvin Hollister; treasurer, Samuel Ruple; appraiser, B. S. Welch ; lister, 
,Toel Randall; overseers of poor, J. D. Crocker, Wm. Gray. 

I.sa4. Trustees, .\haz Merchant, John Wilcox, Samuel Rui)le; clerk, 
Dennis Cooper; treasurer, Timothy D.ian; appraiser, Andrew Race; 
lister, Joel Randall; overseers of poor, Benj. Jones, Reucl House. 

1825. Trustees, John Wilcox, Samuel Ruple. John Shaw; clerk, Den- 
nis Cooper; treasurer, Timothy Doan; appraiser, B. S. Welch; lister, 
P. P. Condit; overseers of poor, Peter Rush, Joseph King. 

1820. Trustees, John Wilcox, John Sha<v, S. V. Pelton; clerk, Dennis 
Cooper; overseers of poor, Elijah Burton, John Stoner. 

1827. Trustees, Seth D. Pelton. John Doan, Peter Rush; clerk, Dennis 
Cooper; treasurer, Timothy Doan; overeeers of poor, N ehemiah Dille 
William Coleman. 

1S28. Trustees, John Shaw, S. D. Pelton, Peter Rush; clerk, Dennis 
Cii iper; treasurer, Elihu Rockwell; overseers of poor, Benjamin Jones. 
John Smith. 

ISjy. Trustees, John Cone, Samuel McIIrath, Peter Rush ; clerk, John 
Wilcox ; treasurer, Elihu Rockwell ; overseers of poor, Elihu Richmond 
Asa Weston. 

1830. Trustees, John C.me, Samuel McIIrath, Abraham D. Slaght; 
clerk, .lohn Wilcox; treasurer, John Stoner; overseei-s of poor. Gad 
Cranne.v, Jeremiah Shumway. 

1831 . Trustees, Abraham E. Slaght, John Smith, M. S. McIIrath ; clerk, 
Sargent Currier; treasurer, John Stoner; ove.-seers of poor, William 
Coleman, Samuel Dodge. 

18:12. Trustees, Michael S. McIIrath, Wakemau Penfleld, John Welch ; 
clerk, John Sage; treasui-er, John Stoner; overeeers of poor, Samuel 
Ruple, Timothy Doan. 

]8;«. Trustees, M. S. Mcllr-ith. John Wilcox, William Upson; clerk, 
John Sage; treasurer, .-Vlvin Hollister: overseers of poor, John Wilcox, 
A. S. Bliss. 

18:il. Trustees, John Wilcox. William Treat, Casper Hcndershot; 
clerk, .lohn Sage; treasurer, A. Hollister; overseers of poor, P. P. Con- 
dit, .\braham Farr. 

1816. Trustees, William Treat. Casper Hendershot, John Stoner; clerk, 
John Sige: treasurer, P. P. Condit; overseers of poor", John Welch, 
Dennis Cooper. 

18:16. Trustees, William Treat, Casper Hendershot, John Stoner; clerk, 
John Sage; treasurer, P. P. Coudi': overseers of poor, Dennis Cooper, 
John Wilcox. * 

18:i7. Trustees, Casper Hendershot, William Nott, Merrick Lindley; 
clerk, John Sage ; treasurer, P. P. Condit; overseers of poor, John Welch, 
Dennis Cooper. 

18.18. Trustees, (;asp3rH3ndershot, William Nott, John Welch:clerk, 
John Sage; treasurer, Paul P. Condit; overseers of poor, John Welch, 
Dennis Cooper. 

1839. Trustees, John Welch, S. D. Pelton, John Doan; clerk, John 
Sage: treasurer, Sargent Currier; overseers of the poor, Dennis Cooper. 
William Hale. 

1810. Trustees, S. V. Pelton, John Doan, Hiram McIIrath; clerk. John 
Wilcox: treasurer. Sargent Currier: overseers of the poor, Samuel Mc- 
IIrath, Wm. Hale. 

1811. TnisteeJ, Hiram McIIrath, John D. Stillman, Henry Shipherd: 
clerk, John Wilcox: treasurer, Alyndert Wimple. 

1812. Trustees, Hiram .McIIrath. S. D. Pelton, John Welch; clei-k, 
Henry Shipherd: treasurer. Myndert Wimple; overseers of the poor, 
Thomas McIIrath, Wm. Hale. 

184.J. Trustees, Hiram Jfcllrath, John Welch, William Treat: clerk, 
John Sage; treasurer, Johnson Ogram: overseers of the poor, John A. 
Hale, A. Crosby. 



460 



THE TOWNSHIPS OP CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



18t4. Trustees, S. D. PeltoD, Benj. B. Beers, Virgil Spriug; clerk, John 
Wilcox; overseers of the poor, Thos. McUrath, Anson Aiken; assessor, 
Samuel A. McUrath. 

IJM"). Trustees, S. D. Pelton, Benj. B. Beers, Virgil .Spring; clerk, John 
Wilcox; overseers of the poor, Thos. McUrath, Ausun Aiken; assessor. 
Samuel A. McUrath. 

18-4."). Trustees, B. B. Beers, Virgil Spriug, Anson Aiken: clerk. M. W. 
Bartlett; overseers of the poor, Thos. McUrath, Ansou Aiken; assessor, 
Benj. Hoagland. 

184G. Trustees, B. B. Beers, Virgil Spring. Ansou Aiken; clerk, M. W. 
Bartlett; overseer of the poor, R. S. McUrath; assessor, J. Wilco-t. 

1817. Trustees, Anson Aiken, Virgil Spring, Joseph I'elton; clerk. M. 
W. Bartlett; overseer of the poor, R. S. McUrath; assessor, B. B. Beers. 

1*1K. Trustees, Joseph Pelton, Wm. West, Wm. Treat; clerk, T. T. 
White; overseer of the poor, R. S. McUrath; assessor, John Wilcox. 

1S4'J. Trustees, Wm. West, Wm. Treat, Joseph Pelton; clerk, Aaron 
Thorp; overeeer of the poor, John Wilcox; assessor, Henry Shipherd. 

18.50. Trustees, Wm. Treat, Joseph Pelton. J. L. Aldiich; clerk, Aaron 
Thorp; overseer of the poor, Anson Aiken; assessor, Henry Shipherd. 

1S51. Trustees, Wm. Treat, Vii gil Spring, Jonathan Parr; clerk, Chas. 
Fan*; overseer of the poor, Ansou Aiken; assessor, M. W. Bartlett. 

1853. Trustees, Jonathan Parr, Virgil Spriug, Jl. Dille; clerk, Chas. 
Farr; treasurer, Chas. Moses; assessor, M. W. Bartlett. 

1853. Trustees, Jonathan Parr, Joseph Pelton, Wm. Treat; clerk. 
Chas. Farr; treasurer, Chas. Moses: assessor, M. W. Bartlett. 

1.S.V1. Trustees, Jonat han Parr, Joseph Pelton. Wm. Treat ; clerk ( 'has- 
Farr; treasurer, Chas. Farr; assessor, Jefferson Gray. 

18.55. Trustees, Virgil Spring, H M. IC.Uly, C. S. While; clerk, Aaron 
Thorp; treasurer, Nelsou Moses; assessor, Jetfersou Gray. 

18,5t). Trustees, Vii-gil Spring, H. M. Eddy, Joseph Pelton; clerk, 
Aaron Thorp; treasurer, Chas. Moses; assessor, Jefferson Gray. 

1837. Trustees, Virgil Spring, Jos. Pelton, C. S. White; clerk, S. W. 
Dille; treasurer, Chas. Farr; assessor, H. Cushmau. 

1858. Trustees, C. S. White, Jos. Ptlton, Wells Minor; clerk, S. W. 
Dille; treasurer, Chas. Moses; assessor, Jeff. Gray. 

1S5!1. Trustees, C. S. White, Jos. Pelton, Wells Jlinor; clerk, S. \V. 
Dille; treasurer, Nelson Moses; assessor, Jeff. Gray. 

1860. Trustees, C. S. White, Geo. Rathburn, John Wilcox. Jr.; clerk. 
Henry Moses; treasurer. Nelson Moses; assessor, Jeff. Gray. 

18G1. Trustees, C. S. White, Geo. Rathburn, Jas. Eddy; clerk, S. W. 
Dille; treasurer. Nelson Moses; assessor, H. Cushnian. 

18«a. Trustees, C. S. White, Jas. Eddy, Wm. Jlarshall; clerk, S. W. 
Dille; treasurer. Nelson Moses; assessor, Benj. Hoagland. 

180.1. Trustees. Chas. Moses, Jas. Eddy, Wra. Marshall; clerk, S. W. 
Dille; treasurer, Chas. Farr; assessor, S. Woodmausee. 

1864. Trustees, Chas. Moses, James Eddy, Wm. Marshall; clerk, E. J 
Hulbeit; treasurer, C. W. Moses; assessor, S. Woodmausee. 

1805. Trustees, C. S. White, G. W. Woodworth. L. B. Dille; clerk, S. 
W. Dille; treasurer, C. W. Moses; assessor, S. Woodmansee. 

1806. Trustees, C. S. White, G. W. Woodworlh. Wells Minor; clerk. S. 
W. Dille; treasurer, C. W. Moses; assessor. S. Woo.lmansee. 

1867. Trustees, Wells Jlinor, A. B. Dille, David Waters; clerk, A. C. 
Stevens; treasurer, C. W. Jloses; assessor, S. Woodmansee. 

1865. Trustees, Wells Miuor, David Waters, C. S. White: clerk, E. P. 
Haskell; treasurer, C. W. Moses: assessor, S. Woodmansee. 

1869. Trustees, Wells Minor, David Watei-s, Wra. Gaylord: clerk, E. 
P. Haskell; treasurer, C. W. Moses; assessor, Morris Porter. 

1870. Trustees, Wells Minor, David Waters, Ernest Melchor; clerk, 
E. P. Haskell; treasurer, C. W. Jloses; assessor, Morris Porter. 

1871. Trustees, Wells "Vlinor, David Waters, Ernest Melchor; clerk, 
A. S. Jones; treasurer, L. J. Neville; assessor, S. Woodmansee. 

1872. Trustees, Divid Waters. Ernest Melchor, H. M. Eddy; clerk, L. 
J. Neville; treasurer. Mo iris Porter; assessor, S. S. Armstrong. 

1873. Trustees, David Waters, Ernest Melchor. H. 31. Eddy; clerk, 
Joseph Day; treasurer, Morris Porter; assessor, S. S. Armstrong. 

1.874 Trustee, H. M.Eddy, Ernest Melchor, S. Woodmansee; clerk, 
W. W. Dille; treasui-er. Morris Porter; assessor, S. S. Armstrong. 

1873. Trustees, Ernest Melchor, David Waters, S. Woodmansee; clerk, 
Jos. Day; treasurer, Morris Porter; assessor, Lucius Smith. 

187B. Trustees, Ernest Jlelchor, David Waters, H. M. Eddy; clerk, 
Jos. Day; treasurer, A. C. Gardner; assessor. S. S. Armstrong. 

1877. Trustees, H. M. Eddy, Geo. Smith, Justice Shaffer; clerk, E. P. 
Haskell; treasurer, A. C Gardner; assessor, S. S. Armstrong. 

1878. Trustees, David Waters, George Smith, Justice Shaffer; clerk, 
Stephen White: treasurer, E. D. Pelton; assessor, S. S. Armstrong. 

187!). Trustees. Justice Shaffer, George W. Smith. William Marshall; 
clerk, S. White; treasurer, E. D. Pelton; assessor, S. S. Armstrong. 



CHAPTER LXXVI. 

INDEPENDENCE.* 

Boundaries and Physical Features— The Pioneers— George Comstock— 
The Mortons — Frazeeaud Dickson— Z. Hathaway-Fisher and Brower. 
Cocbrain, Miner and others— John I. Harper— Rail Mc.\rthur--West of 
the River— The Skinner Family— Abraham Garfield— Resident Land 
Owners in 184;j-Civil Organization— First Officers -Priucipal Officers- 
Roads— Canal and Railroad— Mills and Manufactures— Cleveland Acid 
Works— The Quarries— Kinzer Quarry — Hurst Quarry— Other Quarries 
— Independence Village — Post Offices— Physicians— Hotels — Trade — 
Schools— Religious Societies— Presbyterian Church — Evangelical Asso- 
ciation—St. John's Lutheran Church — St. Michael's Church. 

Independence is described in the origiiuil survey 
as Township C, range 12. It is bounded by Brooklyn 
and Newburg on the nortli; by Bedford on the east; 
by Brecksville and a small part of Summit county on 
the south, and by Parma on the west. The Cuyahoga 
river, flowing from a southeasterly direction, divides 
the township into two unequal parts; nearly two- 
thirds of the area lying west of that stream. 

Excepting tlic valley of the Cuyahoga, the average 
width of wliich is about half a mile, the surface of 
Independence presents an elevated and broken appear- 
ance, although small level jdateaus abound. Sand- 
stone and blue-stone of excellent rpiality generally un- 
derlie the soil, and sometimes manifest themselves in 
bare ledges. The soil is generally fertile and appears 
to be well adapted for mixed husbandry. Besides tlie 
Cuyahoga, the streams of the township are Tinker's 
creek, flowing from the east; Hemlock creek, near 
the center, flowing from the west, and some small 
brooks in the northwestern part. Tho latter have 
deep channels, often forming gorges the steep sides of 
which bear a stunted growth of evergreens and pre- 
sent a picturestpie apjiearance. Numerous springs 
abound, and the natural drainage is usually sufficient 
to render the soil tillable. 

piokeek settlers. 

The eastern part of the township was surveyed as 
early as 1808, and there, along Tinker's creek, the lirst 
settlements were made a few years later, probably in 
1811, althougli the time and place cannot be exactly 
determined, as the earliest pioneers did not remain 
long in the township. To a more permanent class of 
settlers belonged George and Mercy Comstock, wlio 
came about 1813, and made their home on lot seven 
of tract four, where they resided during their lives. 
They had three sons: Peter, who lived on the place 
next east; George, whose home was on the j)resent 
farm of William Honeywell, and Fitch, who remained 
oil tlie old homestead. Another Comstock family 
settled on lot two about the same time, where the 
head of it died iu 1815, leaving several sons, two of 
whom were named Fitch and Josej)h. On tract four, 
lot four, lived Daniel Comstock as early as 181.3, who 
died there, leaving three sons, Albert, Stej)hen and 
Leonard, ;ill of whom moved away. 

In the Comstock neighborhood Samuel Wood was 
one of the earliest settlers, rearing two sons, Silas and 

*The story of the temporary residence of the Moravian Indians in this 
township is told on pages thirty-three to thirty-five of the general his- 
tory. 



INDEPENDENCE. 



461 



Harry, the latter of wliom is yet living in Northfield. 
About, the same time (the early part of 18i;5) Lewis 
.lohiisou, a blacksmitli, located in that settlement. 
Ill' bad a huge family; one son only by the name of 
'I'honias is ri'nu'ml)ered. I'hilandcr Ballon lived on 
llic south side of Tinker's creek near its mouth, about 
I he same period. 

Ill the valley of that creek came among tiie early 
pioneers, Daniel Chase and Clark Morton. One of 
the daughters of the latter was drowned while cross- 
ing the Cuyahoga in a canoe. lie had two sons 
named Daniel and Silas. There were other Moilons, 
living in the tuwiisliiii alioul this period, viz: Thomas 
Samuel and AVilliam. 

William King was among the first to come to In- 
(li'pendence. He lived on tract four a number of 
years, and then disappeared mysteriously. 

In the southeastern cornerof the township Stephen 
!•' razee and James Dickson settled soon after 1812, 
and for many years were among the prominent 
|ii(]iK'cis. In the valley of Tinker's creek Asa and 
Horace llnngerford were also leading citizens at an 
early day. 

Farther north, on the old State road, Zephaniali 
Hathaway, a V'ermonter, settled in 181G, and resided 
there until his death, at more than ninety years of 
age. He had two sons named Alden and Zephaniali, 
who also remained in that locality. The sons of the 
former were Lafayette, William, Rodney and Edwin: 
those of the latter were James and Jlilo; most of these 
yet live in that neighborhood. On the same road 
Jonathan Fisher, another Vermonter, settled in 1816, 
living on the place now occupied by his grandson, 
Lloyd Fisher. North of Fisher, Elisha Brower set- 
led about 1817, but soon afterward died, leaving four 
sons named John, David Pinckney, Daniel and 
William. Still farther noi'tli, near the Newbnrg line, 
lived a man named Ives, who died in 1810. lie had a 
son named Erastus. David Skinner was an early set- 
tler in the same neighborhood. 

In the northern part of the township, near the 
river, settlements were made about 1813 by the Coch- 
raiu, Miner, Brockway and Paine families. One of 
the sons of the first-named family, Marvin, became a 
prominent citizen of the townshi]). William fireen 
came from Brecksville in 181T, and settled on the Fos- 
dick place. He had live sons named Harvey, Klijah, 
Jeremiah, Herod and Frederick, and several daughters, 
one of whom, Emily, became Mrs. Fosdick. Farther 
up the river John Wostfall, a shoemaker, settled the 
same year. In 1823 he sold out to Smith Towner 
and his son, D. D. Towner. A son of the latter, 
Clark Towner, now occupies the place. 

In isiu John I., Archibald and William Harper, 
sons of Colonel John Harper a celebrated Revolu- 
tionary soldier who lived in Delaware county. New 
York, came to Ashtal)ula county, in this State, and 
in 1810 John I. emigrated from there to LideiJend- 
euee, settling on tract two, near where the canal now 
runs, where he died in August, 1849. He reared two 



sons, Erastus R., who yet lives on the homestead; 
De Witt C, who moved to Michigan; and three 
daughters, one of whom married II. G. Edwards, of 
Newburg. .lolm Maxwell, a boy indentured to J. I. 
Harper, moved to (iaieua, Illinois, after he had at- 
tained manhood, and while discharging his duties as 
sheriif was killed by a man whom he attempted to 
arrest. 

Fast of the Harper place a man named Case settled 
about 1814; a few years later he met his death at arais- 
ing at Peter Comstock's. He had four sons, named 

Chauncey, Asahel, Harrison and . Samuel 

Itoberts was a srpiatter on the present Omar place, 
selling out in 183.") to Nathaniel P. Fletcher, who 
moved, after 1833, to Oberlin, and there helped to 
found Obei'lin College. Farther south Ephraim S. 
Bailey and .lolin Rorabeck made settlements before 
181G. The latter had served in the war of 1812. 

Colonel Rial McArthur became a resident of the 
townshii) in 1833, but returned to Portage county in 
1844. He was the surveyor of the eastern part of 
Independence in 1808, and attained the rank of colo- 
lu/l in the war of 1812. In 1810 John Wightman 
Ijucame a resident of Cleveland, living there until his 
death, in 1837. His daughter. Deborah L., became the 
wife of William II. Knap|), who settled in Independ- 
ence in 1833, and both are yet living on the place they 
then occupied. 

West of the Cuyahoga the land was not offered for 
settlement early, and but few families found homes 
there prior to 182-5. In the northern part Ichabod 
L. Skinner settled as early as 1818. He reared three 
sons, named Gates, Prentice and David P. The lat- 
ter was murdered at his home a little south of the 
present acid works. 

On the road south of Skinner, .\braham Garfield, 
father of Hon. James A. Garfield, lived a few years 
prior to 1820; and in the same neighborhood was 
Caleb Boynton, who died there in 1821; leaving four 
sons, Amos, Nathan, William and Jeremiah. Other 
settlers on the west side were William Currier, .lohn 
Harrow, Jasper Fuller and Jand Fuller. 

Ill 1843 the resident land owners in this i)art of 
the township were the following: Conrad SchafT, 
Peter E. Swartz, Joseph Beichclmeyer, Sanford Foot, 
Ichabod L. Skinner, J. L. Skinner, John Walsh, 
Henrv Wood, Hiram Pratt, John T. Gaw, Joseph 
Rose, David Yost, ilartin Dirrer, L. Stewart, Peter 
Young, Jacob Walters, Nelson Loud, Benj. Wood, 
Moses Usher, Elijah Danser, David Barney, Harvey 
Green, John Foltz, Wm. Bushnell, Wm. Buskirk, 
Wm. Walter, John Shearer, John Schneider, Natjian- 
iel Wyatt, Mathew Bramley, James Miller, S. M. 
Dille, David Stewart, H. Orth, Alvah Darron, An- 
tlion (!aw, Andrew Ilartmiller, JL Sherman, Abra- 
ham Gable, Daniel Alt, Peter P. Crumb, Elihu Hol- 
lister, .\mos Ncwland, E. Clark, Wm. Ring, Elisha 
Brooks, Wm. Currier, Elijah (!reen, Jacob Foltz, 
Jacob Froelich, Mathias Froclich, John Froelieh, 
Samuel Hayden, John Leonard, L. Wright, John 



463 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Wolf, John Derr, J. Green, A. Newland, Thomas 
Cook, Jiimes Martin, Wtn. G. Adiims, As;i Hunger- 
ford, Ezra .Fuller, John Needham, Rufus Johnson, 
Philij) Gardner, Joseph Oiinniugham, Mat'iew Bar- 
ker, Nathaniel Stafford, Robert Cook, Wm. Van 
Noate, Jacob Warner, Jasper Fuller, John Moses, J. 
P. Leonard, Mathew Gardner, Ezra Brewster, Jere- 
miah Gowdy, Lewis Kohl. 

On the east side of the river the land owners in that 
year were as follows: Jacob Krapht, Joseph Miller, 
Marvin Cochrain, David D. Towner, Jonatliaii Fisher, 
Findley Strong, Zephaniah Hathaway, E. Gleason, 
H. G. Edwards, Abrain Wyatt, G. Richmond. Wm. 
Giles, Moses Glceson, William Gleeson, Roger Com- 
sfcock, Wm. Green, Waterman Ells, Alfred Fisher, 
John L Harper, Silas A. Hatiiaway, E. R. Harper, 
Binj. Fisher, Samuel Hinkley, L. Cimpbell, Allen 
Robinctte, Horace Hungerford, Stephen Frazoe, Rial 
McArthur. 

CIVIL ORGANIZATION. 

Tiie records of the township from its orginizition 
till 1834 have been destroyed by lire. In that year 
the election for township officers resulted as follows: 
Trustees, John L Harper, J. L. M. Brown, Marvin 
Cochrain; clerk, William H. Knai)p; treasurer, Jon- 
athan Fisher; constables. Orange McArthur, Jona- 
than Frazee; overseers of the poor, Enoch Ssovill, 
William Green; fence viewers, Alvah Darrow, Na- 
thaniel Wvatt. The number of votes ])olled was sev- 
enty-one. E:ioch Jewett, Stephen Frazee and S. A. 
Hathaway were the judges of the election, and Geo. 
Comstock and Alvah Darrow served as clerks. On 
tiie 2nd of August, 1834, an election for justice of 
the peace was held at the house of William H. Knapp, 
when David D. Towner received forty-one votes, Wm. 
H. Knapp sixteen, and Stephen Frazee, nine. 

Since 1834 the principal officers have been as fol- 
lows: 

18i5. Trustees, Alvah Darrow, Jr., .1, Zaphauiah Haihaway. .lasper 
Fuller; clerk, Alfred Fiber; treasurer, Jonathan Fisher, 

lS'i6, Trustees, Eqos Hawkins, Zephaniah Hathaway, Jasper Fuller; 
clerk, .Alfred Fisher; treasurer, D. D. Towner. 

1.SJ7, Trustees, Elihu Holliste'-. John T. Harper, John Rowan; clerk, 
Alfred Fisher; treasurer D. D. Towner. 

ISiS. Trustees, Alfr^^d Fisher, Enoch Scovill, Samuel Durand; clerk, 
Wai. H. Knapp; treasurer, D. D. Towner. 

1S», Truste-s, .'Vlf red Fisher, Wm. Ruskirk, Samuel Durand: clerk, 
Hi'-i-y Mj.-^rthur; treasurer, D. D. Towner. 

1RI;1. Trustees, Mirvin Cachrain, John Phillips, Wm. F. Bushnell; 
clerk. Win. H. Knapp; treasurer, Erastus R. Harper. 

1841. Trustees. Alfred Fisher, Daniel E. Williams, Elias M. Gleeson; 
clerk, Hury Mc.Vrlhur; treasurer, Erastus R. Harper. 

1S43. Trustees, Finlay Strong Wm. Van Xoate, Isaac Packard; clerk, 
Harry Mc.\.rihur; treasurer, Erastus R. Harper. 

1*41 Trustees, Jonathan Fisher, Alvah Darrow, Wm. F. Bushnell; 
clerk, Harry McArthur; treasurer, Erastus R. Harper. 

1844. Ti-ustees. Jonathan Fisher, Alvah Darrow, Wm. F. Bushnell; 
clerk, Hirry Mc.\rthur; treasurer, Erastus R. Harper. 

lS4"i. Trustees. D. D. T >wner, Alvah Darrow, H. Jk-.\rth\ir; clerk, 
B. H. Fisher; treasurer Erastus R. Harper. 

1S16. Trustees. D. D. Towner, Wm. Buskirk, H. McArthur; clerk, B. 
H. Fisher; treasurer, Erastus R. Harper. 

1S47. Trustees, D. D. Towner, Wm. Buskirk, Joseph Cunningham; 
clerk I. L. Gleeson; t easurer, Erastus R. Harper. 

1.SI8. Trustees. Jacob Foltz, Silas A. Hiithaway, .Joseph Cunninf;hani; 
clerk, I. L. flleesoa; treasurer, E astus R. Harper. 

1S49. Trustees. Jacob Foltz, Alfred Fisher, Alvah Darrow ; clerk, L. 
D. Hathaway ; treasurer, Erastus R. Harper. 



1850. Trustees, John Schofleld, Alfred Fisher, Wm. Van Noate; clerk, 
Benj. Wood; treasurer, Erastus R. Harper. 

1851. Trustees, E. R. Harper, .lames Miller, Wm. H. Perry; clerk, I. 
L. Gleeson; treasurer, John Schofield. 

185-3. Trustees. Jacob Foltz. James Miller, I. L. Gleeson; clerk, Benj. 
Wood; treasurer, John Schofleld. 

1S5.3. Trustees Alvah Darrow, Jonathan Frazee, Widiam Green ^d; 
clerk, Benj. Wood; treasurer, I. L. Gleeson. 

1854. Trustees, E. R. Harper, Jonathan Frazee, John Foltz; clerk' 
J. K. Brainard; treasurer, I. L. Gleeson. 

1855. Trustees, James Miller, E. M. Gleeson, Ezra Brewster; clerk. J. 
K. Brainard; treasurer, I. L. Gleeson. 

1856. Trustees, James Miller, E. M. Gleeson, Ezra Brewstej-, clerk, 
•J, K. Brainard; treasurer, I, h. Gleeson. 

18.57. Trustees. Watson E. Thompson, John Foltz, Elihu Hollister; 
clerk. J. K. Brainard; treasurer, I. L. Gleeson. 

1858. Trustees, Watson E. Thompson, John Foltz, Elihu Hollister; 
clerk, J. K. Brainard; treasurer, I. L Gleeson. 

1859. Trustees, Wm. H. Perry, Wm. Green 2d, Albert Comstock; 
clerk. J. K. Brainard; treasurer, I. L. Gleeson. 

1S60. Trustees, Wm. H. Perry, Edward Hynton, Albert Comstock; 
clerk, G. B. Pierce; treasurer. I. L Gleeson. 

1861. Trustees, Edward Heinton, Elihu Hollister, Jacob Lotz; clerk, 
J. K. Urainard treasurer. I. L. Gleescn. 

1862. Trustees. Edward Heinton, Seneca Watkius, Milo N. Hathaway ; 
clerk, Wm. B. Munson; treasurer, I. L. Gleeson. 

186:3. Trustees, Edward Hemton Horace Hungerford, John Froiiicli: 
clerk, E. R. Harper; treasurer, I. L. Gleason. 

18W. Trustees, H. 0. Currier, John Swartz, L. D. Hathaway; clerk, 
Wm. B. Munson; treasurer, Geo. W. Green. 

1865. Trustees, A. Alexander. E. Hollister, Horace Hungerford ; clerk, 
O. P. McMillan; treasurer, E. R. Harper-. 

1866. Trustees, A. Alexander, Edward Heinton, Seneca AVatkins; 
cleik. O. P. McMillan; treasurer, E. R. Harper. 

1.S67. Trustees, William Green, Edward Heinton, Seneca Watkins; 
clerk, C. H. Bushnell; treasurer, E. R. Harper. 

1868. Trustees, J. Frazee, Edward Heinton, Wm. Buskirk; clerk, C, 
H. Bushnell; treasurer, E. R. Harper. 

1869. Trustees, John B. McMillan, Edward Heinton, George Gabilla; 
clerk, C. H. Bushnell; treasurer, John Bender. 

1870. Trustees, John B. McJIdlan, Clark Towner, George Gabilla; 
clerk, C.H. Bu-shnell; treasurer, John Bender. 

1,871. Trustees. John B. McMillan, T. F. Gjwday, John Packard; 
clerk. D. S. Green; treasurer, John Bender. 

1872. Trustees, George Cochran, B. D. Schrain, John Packaid: clerk. 
Frank Brown; treasurer, C. Brown. 

187:3. Trustees, E. R. Harper, C. J. Green, Levi Summers; clerk, C. H. 
Bushnell; treasurer., C Brown. 

1874. Trustees, Geo. W. Green, Ii. L. Phillips, George Summers; 
clerk, C. H. Bushnell; treasurei-, C. Hannum. 

1875. Trustees, John B. .NicMjllan, F. Litzler, James Watkius; clerk, 
Wm. B. Munson; treasurer, C. Hannum. 

1876. Trustees. John B. McMillan, Ma.i Buhl, John Giles: clerk, C, H. 
Bushnell; treasure)", C. Hannum. 

1S77. Trustees, D. Fullerton. J. A. Hathaway. H. France; clerk, J. B. 
Waltz; treasurer, George Lambacher. 

1878. Trustees, D. Fullerton, T. M Gowday, H. France: clerk, C. H. 
Bushnell; treasurer, George Lambacher. 

1S79. Trustees, D. Fullerton, T. M. Gow lay, H. Franca; clerk, D. 
Gindlesperger; treasurer, George Lambacher. 

The township owns a good hall, located in the pub- 
lic square, at the center, ;ind maintains several Hue 
places of burial. The largest of these — Maple Shade 
Cemetery — consists of four acres, on the State road, 
north of the center, and was purchased in September, 
1805, of Sebastian Blessing. It contains a fine vault, 
and has been otherwise imi)roved. Several of the 
religions denominations tilso maintain small but at- 
tractive places of sepulture, 

PUBLIC THOROrtiHFAIiES. 

Several of the early State roads passed through the 
township from points farther south to Cleveland, and 
considerable attention was paid to the improvement of 
these highways soon after their location. In 1834 
Henry Wood, Manly Coburn, John I. Harper, William 
Moses, Abram Schernierhorn, Zephaniah Hathaway, 
William Van Noate, Nathaniel Wvatt. and J. M. L, 



INDEPENDENCE. 



463 



Brown were appointed road supervisors. The town- 
sliiji has had to pay a heavy bridge tax to keep in phice 
tlie stniclures which span the diyalioga. At present 
thi'sc present a substantial appearance. In 1870 tlie 
K'vies for roads and bridges were one and dut'-third 
mills on the vahiation of the townsliij), and tlie su- 
pervisors were E. H. Koening, Michael Halpin, N. 
Hiirniaster, Joel Footc, Hugh (Jowdy, George fjam- 
I>aeher, George Bushnell, .1. Walter, H. Giles, A. 
Conistoek, T. Frantz, C. Mehling, J. F. Miller. Wil- 
liam Fidlon, (J. H. Bushnell, and F. Beebe. 

The Ohio eanal was located through the township 
in 18"2.5, William H. Price being the resident engineer. 
Two years later it was opened for travel. It is on the 
east side of the Cuyahoga, and has in the township a 
length of about seven miles, with four locks, num- 
bered from thirty-seven to forty inclusive. 

On the opposite side of the river, and following a 
course nearly parallel with the canal, is the line of the 
Valley Railroad, now being constructed. Work was 
begun in 1873, but various causes have prevented its 
completion until the present year, before the end of 
wliicli it is expected that the last ra'l will be laid. 
These avenues give or will give the township easy 
communication with the rest of the W(uld, and the 
best of sliii)])ing facilities. 

M A X V FA < Tl' RI X<i I N'TEK ESTS. 

The t.ownshij) did not have any early gristmills nor 
factories. On Hemlock creek sawmills were erected 
by Ring & McArthur, and Clark & Land. On the 
site of the mdl owned by the hitter tirm there is now 
a steam saw'mill which is o])erated by .T. G. Wing. It 
has a run of stone for grinding feed, and is also sup- 
jjlied with a machine for threshing grain. 

About 183."), Finney & Farnswortli construc^ted a 
dam across the river at William 11. Kn:ii)p's, and for 
several years a sawmill was operated there rpiite ex- 
tensively, l^elow that point M. Sherman ]nit up a 
sawmill ami machinery for turning and polishing 
sandstone. The sawmill is yet operated l)y .lohn 
(ieisendorf. On the site of the acid works, Harry 
Wood had a steam gristmill, which was destroyed by 
fire; and near there the Palmer Brothers had a steam 
sawmill, which is still carried on. In the southeast- 
ern portion of the townsliij) A. Alexander erected a 
good gristmill, which is yet operated by him, and is 
I he only gristmill in the townsiiip. 

Cabinet organs were made in llie northern jiarl of 
Independence until 1870 by the Palmer Brothers. 
The l)uilding is now occupied for the manufacture of 
"Currier's Section Sharpener," a very simple con- 
trivance for sharpening mowing-machine knives 
without removing them. The material used is Inde- 
pendence sandstone, which, it is claimed, will not 
become coated witli gum on being used for sharpen- 
ing purposes. The firm also manufacture oil stones. 

THE CLEVELAND ACM) WOKKS. 

'i'his important establishment was put in operation 
in ISi;; liy \\. R, Ander.son, for the i)urj)oseof restor- 



ing to available form the sulphuric acid existing in 
the refuse nuitter of oil refineries. Since 1872 R. IT. 
Emerson has been the proprietor of the works, which 
have been superintended by J. C. Burmaster. The 
establishment embraces a number of large and well- 
arranged buildings; it is capable of producing six 
thousand carboys of acid per month, and it employs 
about thirty men. The spent acid is brought to the 
works by canal when navigation permits. The re- 
storing process requires the use of two thousand tons 
of coke and about double that amount of coal annual- 
ly. Among the peculiar features of the place are 
one hundred and sixty ghuss retorts, holding fifty 
gallons each, and five storage tanks, the united capac- 
ity of which is six thousand barrels. 

THE (^lAIiUIHS. 

.\side from t In- agricultural pursuits which engage 
a majority of the people of the township, the chief 
industry of Independence is the quarrying of stone. 
West of the river the surface is underlaid by a ledge 
of superior sandstone, the composition of which is so 
fine that it makes the very best of grindstones. To 
(puirry and manufacture these gives occupation to 
hundreds of men and constitutes a business of more 
than ^400,000 per year. Most of the i)rodu(ts are 
shipped by canal, but a considerable quantity are 
drawn by team direct to Cleveland. 

THE KIXZER QUAHRY. 

This is on the county road, two and a half miles 
west from the center, and was opened in 1848 by 
Joseph Kinzcr. He at first got out but a few grind- 
stones, which were cut into shape by hand. lie in- 
creased his business, however, from year to year until 
he had a good-sized gang of men at work. In 18G7 
Joseph Kinzer, Jr., succeeded to the business, and 
the following year employed machinery for turning 
his grindstones the motive power being steam. The 
lathe was first operated on the Darrow place, but has 
lately been removed to near the Kinzer (fuarry. 
l''roni four huiulred to one thousand tons of grind- 
stones are produced in addition to large quantities of 
budding and flagging stones. 

Tin: niUST OCAHRIES. 

These were oj)enod in 1847 by the owner of the 
land, Hiram Pratt. In 1800 he sold to James F. 
Clark, who associated with him Baxter C!lough. The 
latter operated the quarry until 1872, when it became 
the properl y of J. R. Hurst, of Cleveland, the present 
proi)rielor. The grindstones were first jjrepared by 
hand, l)ut in 1800 a lathe operated b\- steam |)()wer 
Wiis provided, which has since been used to turn 
stones weighing from three hundred i)ounds to four 
tons. The quarry is supplied with two derricks, and 
gives emi)loymcnt to forty men. 

At a point farther east, near the same road, Mr. 
Clough opened another fpiarry in 1807, which also 
became the properly of Mr. Hurst, and at present 



464 



THE TOWNSHIPS Ot^ CtJYAHOGA COFXTY. 



gives work to thirty men, who are employed chiefly 
in quarrying building-stones. North of the center, 
stone was quarried as early a,s 1840 by M. Sherman, 
Erastus Eldridge and others. Mr. Eldridge operated 
the quarry quite extensively, building a horse rail- 
road to transjiort the products to the canal. Here 
were procured the pillars of the Weddell House in 
Cleveland. Other operators in those quarries were 
A. Rothermail, Joseph Blessing, J. Merkel and Harry 
James. The latter erected a good turning lathe at 
the canal, and also built a wharf for loading canal 
boats. These and the quarry at the center have been 
leased by Mr. Hurst, and are now operated in con- 
nection with his other interests in the township under 
tlie superintendence of Marx Buhl. 

West of the village are the quarries of the Wilson 
& Hughes Stone Company, employing a large gang of 
men, and operated since 1860; of Thomas Smith and 
of Ephraim West, each being worked by a gang of 
men. East of the center are quarries at present 
worked by J. Smeadley and Joseph Wiudlespecht; 
and southeast are the T. G. Clewell blue stone quar- 
ries, from which stones of superior quality for flag- 
ging jjurposes have been procured. A mill has been 
erected to saw the stone in any desired shape, and 
lately a lathe for turning grindstone has been added. 
Many other quarries are worked more or less, but the 
foregoing sufficiently indicate the importance and ex- 
tent of the business. 

INDEPENDENCE VILLAGE. 

This place, sometimes called the Center, is the only 
village in the township. It is situated on the State 
road about equi-distant from the north and south 
bounds of the township. It has a beautiful location 
on an elevated jilateau which slo})es gently soutiiward 
toward Hemlock creek. In the early settlement of 
this part of the township, the proprietor, L. Strong, 
set aside a tract of land for a public square and vil- 
lage purposes, but the place made a slow growth, and 
never assumed much imi^ortance as a business point. 
At present it presents a somewhat scattered apjjear- 
ance, and is composed mainly of the humble homes 
of those who find occupation outside of the village. 
It contains a Roman Catholic, a Presbyterian and an 
Evangelical church, a fine school-house, the town-hall 
and several hundred inhabitants. 

The Independence post office was established on the 
east side of the rivei", at the house of Nathan P. 
Fletcher, who was the first postmaster. Until about 
thirty years ago, when it was permanently established 
at the village, the office was kept in different parts of 
the townshijj at the residences of the postmasters. 
Those, after Mr. Fletcher, have been William H. 
Knapp, Nathaniel Stafford, John Needham, B. F. 
Sharp, J. K. Brainard, George Green and Calvin 
llannum. Tlie latter has been postmaster since 1865. 
The office is on the route from Cleveland to Copley, 
and has a tri-weckly mail. At the acid works a post 
office has lately been established by the name of 



Willow. John L. Kingsbury is the postmaster, and 
the mail facilities are the same as at Independence. 

Several gentlemen by the name of Day followed the 
practice of medicine in the township many years ago 
for a short period, but Dr. William B. Muuson was 
the first to establish a permanent practice. He is yet 
a resident of the village, but has retired from active 
duty. The present practitioner is Dr. S. 0. Morgan. 
Doctors Charles Hollis and E. M. Gleeson were phy- 
sicians in the township for short periods, but did not 
establish themselves permanently in their profession. 

Before 1830 a tavern was kept on the canal liy a 
man named Kleckner, in a house built by Philemon 
Baldwin, and farther up the river was " Mother Par- 
ker's tavern," which enjoyed a wide reputation. 
About 1836, Peter P. Crumb opened a public house 
north of the center, which he kept many years. Sub- 
sequent landlords were Hartmiller and George 

Sommers. The latter now occupies the place as a 
private residence. At the center a tavern was opened 
in 1852 by Job Pratt, who was followed successively 
by Hollis, Gunn, Eaton, Alger, Probeck and Wolf, 
the latter being the j)resent landlord. 

I. L. and Edward M. Gleeson were among the first 
to engage in the mercantile business in the township, 
selling goods at the twelve-mile lock. Other persons 
in trade there were Merrill, Rutter, Oyler and Ben- 
der. Soon after the Crumb tavern was opened, 
Benjamin Wood sold goods at the stand now occupied 
by Joseph Urmetz, but Horace Ball opened the first 
regular store at the center. His successors at that 
stand have been J. K. Brainard, George Green, Jo- 
sephus Brown, Charles Green and Charles Memple, 
who is now in trade there. 

Epaphroditus Wells had a store a few years oppo- 
site the tavern, and near by another store was opened 
by Jacob and Samuel Foltz and I. L. Gleeson. These 
parties were followed l)y Currier & Watkins, who had 
a shoe store. The stand is at present occupied by 
Calvin Haununi. About eight years ago P. Kingsley 
opened another store, which is now kept by C. H. 
Bushnell. 

The township has half a doze;r shops in which tlic 
common mechanical trades are carried on. 

TIIK I'lliHC S<'I[O0LS. 

The first schools in Independence were established 
east of the river. In 1830 there were four districts. 
In 1850the condition of the schools was as follows: 



Dhlrict. 
No 1 . 




Youth of School Age. 


Total Tcur for School. 
$37.50 


'• 8 




61 


ti«23 






39.21 


" 4... 




52 


34.3H 

39.21 


•■ 6 




re 


49.59 




53 


3o.05 




.4 

a... 

25. . 




49.2S 




57 


37.70 






2.(i;j 






48.88 




23 


16.ij2 



In t8;rt there were tliree huuilred and seventy-three 
males and tiiree hundred and twenty-three females of 



I:N DEPENDENCE. 



465 



scliool age, of which number one hundred and seventy- 
six wcro between the ages of sixteen and twenty-one 
years. The tuition fund amounts to ^'■},2i2.'id. 
Nearly all the districts have been provided with good 
school iionses: the one at the center being two stories 
luLjIi. Ill this a scliool for the more advanced pupils 
(if the township has been miiutained every winter 
since isro. The board of education in 1879 was as 
follows: U. 1). Schramm, of district No. fl, chairman; 
D. Gindlesperger, clerk; No. 1, Frank Gleeson; No. 
3, A. J. Farrar; No! .3, J. Hathaway; No. 4, Frank 
l-'osdick; No. 5, George Lambachei-; No. 0, .John 
Giles; No. 7, Harry Rose, and No. 8, 11. Kauliel. 

REI.KUOUS SOCIETIES. 

It is said that the first religious meeting in the 
township was held October 1, 1836, by the Rev. Mr. 
Freeman, a Baptist frona Cleveland. In February, 
1837, a Baptist congregation was organized, which 
tlonrished a short time, but soon became extinct. 
About the same period a class of Methodists was 
formed which also failed to maintain its organization 
beyond a few years. Its meetings were held at the 
houses of those friendly to that denomination; but a 
common place of worship was soon after provided in 
a log school-house at the center in which the different 
ministers visiting the township preached. 

The Coiigregationalists were the first to organize a 
church which had any permanency, and which is at 
present known as 

THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN INDEPEKDENCE. 

The organizers were the Revs. Israel Shailer and 
Chester Chapin, of tiie Missionary Association of 
Connecticut. On the 34th of June, 1837, they united 
ill church fellowship William V. Bushnell and his 
wife Betsey; James and Mary Miller; Betsey Brew- 
ster; Jane and Elizabeth Bushnell — seven in all. 
William F. Bushnell was elected deacon, and James 
Miller, clerk. 

The meetings were first held in the log school- 
house, at Miller's corners, and then in the town hall. 
On the 17th of October, 1854, a society to attend to 
the temporal affairs of the church was formed, which 
had as its first trustees, Wm. F. Bushnell, Joseph 
Cunningham and Benj. Wood; as treasurer, James 
Miller; as clerk. E. Wells. The society was dis- 
banded in October, 1873. Under its direction, in 
1S.")5, the present meeting-house was built at the cen- 
ter. It i^ an attractive edifice of the excellent sand- 
stone t'oiinil so jilentifully in the township, and has 
a fine location on the west side of the public sfjuare. 
The cost was *2,504.70; the finances being managed 
by the pastor, the Rev. B. F. Sharp. 

On the 5th of February, 1803. the church became 
Presbyterian in form, and has since continued in that 
faith. Calvin Ilannum, Wm. F. Bushnell and Daniel 
W. Abbott were elected ruling elders; and the former 
and J. G. Wing at present serve in that capacity. 



The deacons are Joseph Miller and D. S. Green; the 
clerk of the sessions is Calvin Ilannum. 

The organizers of the church served two years as 
supplies. In 1845 the Rev. Mr. McReynolds served 
the church. Some time before 1854 the Rev. B. F. 
Sharp came as a supply, and that year became pastor 
of the church, remaining until 1859. During his 
service the membership increased from seven to thirty- 
five. There has been no pastor since, but the jiulpit 
has been supplied by Rev. Messrs. Morse, Van Vleck, 
Bushnell, Jenkins, Edwards, Chapin, Farwell, Cone, 
Pettinger, and the present Rev. Bowman of the 
Methodist Episcopal Church, who preaches alter- 
nately here and in the Evangelical Church at this 
place. 

The church has had an aggregate membership of 
one hundred and eighty-five, but at present bears the 
names of only thirty persons on its register. A flour- 
ishing Sunday school is maintained, of which J. G. 
Wing is the suijerintendent. 

Mainly through the efforts of the Rev. T. G. Clew- 
ell a very neat brick church was erected at the cen- 
ter, sometime about 1860, for the use of the 

EV.YNCtEUCAL association of INDEPENDENCE, 

and on the 7th of January, 1863, was duly organized 
the first board of trustees, composed of George W. 
Green, George Merkle, Francis Pillet, Henry Wentz 
and Mathew Bramley. Services have since been 
statedly held in the English and German languages 
by the Rev. Messrs. Clewell, Halin, Huniber, Breit, 
Bernhart, Mott, Duderer, Ilasenpflug, Horn, Orwig, 
Seib, Hammer and other clergymen who came from 
Cleveland for the purpose. The membership at 
present is small in consequence of removals. The 
trustees are Messrs. Crane, Windlespect, Sommers, 
Bramley and Newland. Jacob Schmidt is the super- 
intendent of a flourishing Sunday school. 



ST. .loTIN 



KVANMiELICAI. LITIIKKAN CHURCH. 

UNALTERED AUGSBURG CONFESSION.) 



A short timeafter 1850, anumber of persons living 
in the northeastern part of the township, who at- 
tended the services of the Lutheran church in Cleve- 
land, took measni'es to establish a place of worship at 
homo. Accordingly, on the 14th of October, 1854, a 
small framed meeting house was consecrated for this 
purpose, by pastor Schwaii, of Cleveland. In this the 
services of the newly organized body were regularly 
held until July 6, 1879, when a very fine edifice, 
erected on the opposite side of the street, took its 
place. This house is thirty-eight by seventy-five feet, 
and has a tower and steeple one hundred feet high. 
The cluuch has an exceedingly iiandsome appearance 
and cost about six thousand dollars. The present 
trustees are J. H. D reman, C. F. Scherler and Fred. 
Ehlert. The cluirch has fifty members who engage 
in business meetings, and numbers two hundred and 
twelve communicants. The elders are J. II. Tonsing, 
J. II. Meilaender and Fred. Borgeis. 



466 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



The congregation has had the pastoral services of 
the following clergymen: From 1854 till 1859, Eev. 
John Strieter; 1859 till 1877, Eev. Ch. Sallman; and 
since December, 1877, Rev. Otto Kolbe. The first of 
these pastors also tanght the ijarisli school, but since 
1871 Augustus Scheffthas been employed as a teacher. 
The school is taught in the old meeting-house and is 
attended by ninety pupils who receive instruction in 
both tlie English and German languages. Religious 
teaching forms part of the daily course, and the 
school is maintained independent of any aid from the 
State or county. 

ST. Michael's cuurcii (roman CAXHOLrc.) 

In 1852 a small but neat house of worship for Ro- 
man Catholics was erected northwest of the center of 
the townsliip, which Avas used until the growing con- 
gregation demanded a more capacious house. An 
effort was made to provide one better adapted for its 
wants, and in 1870 the present edifice was begun, but 
the work was slowly carried on. The building com- 
mittee was composed of George Gable, Joseph Urmetz, 
Peter Wild, Albert Dobler, Antlion Eckenfelt and 
Joseph Efiinger. In December, 1873, a storm caused 
the walls of the unfinished building to fall; but the 
following year they were again raised and the build- 
ing began to be used in the summer of 1875. It was 
consecrated December 5, 1875, by the Right Reverend 
Father Gregory and Bishop Fitzgerald. The building 
committee at this time consisted of Cliarles Mehling, 
Fred. Bockhold, Frank Jermann and Jeremiah Hayes. 
The church is thirty feet by seventy, is built of brick, 
and cost eight thousand dollars. The present lay 
trustees arc Cliarles Mehling and Casper Funk. The 
society lias a cemetery at the old stone cluipel. 

The church has about one hundred and seventy-five 
communicants who are under the spiritual tutelage of 
Father Fidelius, of the Franciscan Convent at Cleve- 
land. Among other clergymen who have served there 
have been Fathers Bierbaum, Ziingbeel, Boden and 
Raiuerious, nearly all coming from the convent. The 
cluirch has liad no resident priest. A school is main- 
tained which has been taiiglit by John Jermann and 
Matilda Blessing. 



CHAPTER LXXVII. 

MAYFIELD. 

The First Settlers— Unexpected Visitors— Clearing Land— The First 
Marriage— James Covert — Extraordinary Vigor— Ho Roads— Bears 
fond of Veal and Pork— .\ Lover of Cream Killed — Covert's Adven- 
ture with a Bear— Other Settlers— First Church— Cowardly Wolves- 
Formation of Mayfield Township— First Olificers— Notes from the 
Town Book— Slaughter of Sixty-three Rattlesnakes— First Sawmill- 
First Gristmill— Halsey Gates— Outbreak of Jlormonism- Long-stand- 
ing Debts— Frederick Willson— Ezra Eddy— Jeniah Jones— Dr. Dille— 
New Hotels— Willson and McDowell's Mills— Rapid Improvement— Dr 
Moon— Dr. Charles— First Church Edifice- Mayfield Academy- Plank 
Road— Post Offices— The Free Methodist Churches- Church of the 
United Brethren— Disciple Church— Principal Township OiBcers. 

In the year 1805 Abner .Tohuson, Samuel Jolin.^on 
and David Smith came with tiieir families from On- 



tario county. New York, and made the first settlement 
in the present township of Mayfield, then known as 
survey-township number eight in range ten of tlie 
Western Reserve. They located themselves on the 
west side of Chagrin river, a little above the site of 
Willson's Mills, built their cabins, and began opera- 
tions. 

In the spring of 1806 tlie members of tlie little 
settlement were agreeably surprised to see three of 
their old neighbors in Ontario county, make their ap- 
pearance, with packs on their backs, guns on their 
shoulders, and dogs by their sides. The oldest of 
these was Daniel S. Judd, a large, fleshy man, already 
si.xty-five years of age, who had fought in the old 
French and Indiau war forty-five years before, and 
also in the Revolution, and was likewise renowned as 
a mighty hunter. With him were his two sons. Free- 
man and Thomas Jiidd. The three had started fur 
Portage county, where they designed settling, but 
having lost their way, they had accidentally come 
upon their old neighbors whom tiiey had not seen 
during the previous year. They were so well pleased 
with the fine bottom-lands on the Chagrin river that 
they determined to look no farther, but immediately 
began a settlement on the west side, a little above 
where the Johnsons and Smith had located. 

That summer all were busy chopping timber, burn- 
ing off land, planting a little corn between the logs, 
and ])ei-forining numerous other duties incident to 
the beginning of a settlement. The ne.\t fall or 
winter the Judds went East, and obtained their fami- 
lies and personal property. They had returned but a 
short time when the first wedding was celebrated in 
the township — in the last part of 1806 or the first 
part of 1807 — the parties being John Howton and 
Polly Judd, and the services being performed by 
Esquire Turner, of Chagrin. 

In the spring of 1807 James Covert, the son-in-law 
of D. S. Judd, came into the township from Seneca 
county. New York, and located himself in the Chagrin 
valley, below the site of Willsoirs Mills, where he has 
ever since resided. He was already twenty-Six years 
of age, and had a wife and child. As was the case 
with most of the new settlers his worldly wealth was 
very limited, consisting of three dollars in money, an 
axe and a dog. After putting up a shanty, he went 
on foot to Painesville, a city then consisting of three 
or four log cabins, and bought a peck of looorsalt for 
a dollar, carrying it home on his back. With the re- 
maining two dollars he bought two pigs. He also 
purchased ;i two-year old heifer on credit from Judd, 
and thus he began life in Mayfield. He is certainly 
a remarkable example of what can be accomplished 
by sheer industry and attention to business, though in 
truth those qualities must needs be accompanied by 
extraordinary vital powers to accomjdish such results 
as Mr. Covert has brought about. 

When the writer visited him in the autumn of 1878, 
he was, althougli ninety-seven years old, in the full 
possession of all his mental powers and all his jihysi- 



MAYFIELD. 



■KJ'V 



cal senses except his bearing, and was at work attend- 
ing to his stock. Always a farmer, ho lias inado 
himself the owner of over a thousand aci-cs nf land, 
besides large amounts of otlier lu-tiperty, has long 
been noted as the richest man in tlie townshii), and 
has in tiie meantime been the father of twenty-three 
children, twenty-two of whom he raisi-d to he men 
aiul women. The writer has had a good deal of ex- 
perieuce among industrious and vigorous old pioneei's, 
liut Mr. Covert's is certainly the most remarkable ex- 
anqtle of them all. 

Two of the families mentioned at the beginning of 
the chapter, those of Samuel Johnson and David 
Smith, liad left the township before Mi: Covert came, 
ami their place was taken by that of John Jackson. 

The first birth in the township was that of a child 
born in the latter ))art of 1807, to John and Polly 
llovvton, whose marriage has been mentioned above. 
For several years there were few newcomers except 
small strangers of this description. The scattered 
settlers kept busily at work, and soon made consider- 
able clearings around their respective cabins. They 
wore, however, very much isolated. There were no 
roads laid out, in township eight, and for several years 
its inhabitants iiad to work their road tax on the lake 
shore road in the township of Chagrin, now Willough- 
by in Lake couniy. 

Fortunately the euunty was healthy: there being 
very little even (if fever and ague compared wiih what 
is custoniai'y in wvw iiiunlries. But there were many 
annoj'ances. When the cows had calves in the woods 
the bears would sometimes kill and eat them. They 
were equally destructive to the liogs, but Mr. Covert 
relates that when he was able to keep a largo number 
of the latter animals they would join together, tight 
with the liears and drive them off. So impudent were 
these ursine depredators that they would sometimes 
come up to the very doors of the settlers' cabins in 
search of food. One morning Mrs. Judd put her 
cream in the churn, ready for churning, set it out on 
a temporary i)orcli and went abinit her work. On 
going out after awhile she found the churn ujiset and 
the cream all licked up. A number of bear's tracks 
around the place disclosed the cause of the robbery. 
When James Jackson, who was boarding at Judd's, 
came in at night and learned of the affair he determ- 
ined to watch for the marauder. Accordingly, after 
dark, he placed a pail of sour milk on the porch and 
took his stand, rille in hand, in tiie house opposite an 
open window that looked out on the "bait." After 
everything was ((uiet and when the watcher was be- 
ginning to get drowsy, he was suddenly aroused to 
intense wakefulness by hearing something lapi)ing at 
t be milk. Taking aim at tiie noise, for it was perfect- 
ly dark, he palled the trigger. A light was lirought 
and a big, fat, short-legged bear was found dead be- 
side the pail of milk, with a bullet lodged in his brain. 

The wolves were still more obnoxious. After Mr. 
Covert had i)een there a few years, he bonglit two old 
sheep and two lambs in Chester, Geanga county, pay- 



ing |!;J.50 per head for the four; brought them home 
and turned them into his field. The next morning 
he went out and found that the wolves had killed 
lioth the lamhs and were tlien making their breakfast 
off fi'om them. After that he yarded his sheep at 
night and watched them a little by day, and soon 
succeeded in raising a fine flock. 

Mr. Covert, notwithstanding his assiduity as a 
farmer, was also a good deal of a hunter, and so was 
James Jackson, above referred to. One day the two 
got in close pursuit of alarge bear which Jackson had 
wounded. The animal in going down a bank stum- 
bled and fell into a hole, where he lay on his back 
with his feet sticking up. Covert crept down to re- 
connoitre, but got so near that the bear caught his 
foot in his mouth and bit through boot, foot and all. 
He hung on, too, and with his paws mutilated Co- 
vert's leg terriiily. The latter got hold of a sapling 
and pulled both himself and his enemy out of the 
hole, when the dogs attacked the hoar. The latter 
then let go his hold and the hunters soon dispatched 
him. Mr. Covert was confined to the house for sev- 
eral weeks by his wounds. 

Among the settlers who came several years after 
those already mentioned were P. K. Wilson, Benja- 
min Wilson, Luke Covert, Benjamin Carpenter and 
Solomon Moore. The early settlers were largely 
Jlethodists, and as soon as ISOO they formed a class 
of that denomination under the charge of the Rev. 
Mr. Davidson, who is said to have been an eloquent 
and successful preacher. For many years their meet- 
ings were held in private houses and in the woods, as 
there was not even a log school-house for them to as- 
semble in. The first death in the township was that 
of Daniel S. .Fudd, the veteran of two great wars, 
who died of apoplex)' in 1810. 

As has been said, the lack of roads was a great an- 
noyance. Mr. Covert states that he has often taken 
a bushel of corn on his back and gone to Chagrin 
(now Willoughby) to mill, attended on his return 
home by packs of howling wolves, not far away on 
either side. But these animals rarely attacked a man, 
even in the night. Once, however, Mr. Covert 
thought he stood a good chance of becoming wolf 
bait. He had been reajiing for a man who lived sev- 
eral miles down the river, in the present township of 
AVilloughby, and was returning home after dark. 
Two miles from home, as he was following a sled 
path, (carrying his shoes in his hand tliat he might 
the better feel the path with his naked feet in the 
Egyptian darkness), he was startled by an angry 
growl, and saw the fierce eyes of three or four wolves 
glaring at him, not more than six feet away. It was 
seldom that a wolf approached so near, and the young 
man thought his time had come. He felt in the 
darkness for a tree, which he might ascend, and in 
doing so got hold of a couple of sticks. These he 
threw with all his might at the heads of his enemies, 
who shrank back, howling, into the forest. Reas- 
sured by finding that they were as cowardly as the 



468 



THE TOAYNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



rest of theii' species, he pursued his way, and reached 
home in safety, although accompanied nearly all the 
way, a short distance on one side, by his howling foes. 

The war of 1813 stop])ed even what little progress 
there was before that time, and it was not until 1816 
that a school-house was erected in the township. It 
was a log building, situated on the land formerly 
owned by Anthony Sherman. It was used for some 
years as school-house, church and town-hall. A few 
more settlers came after the war, among whom was 
Seth Mapes, who came in 1815 and remained until 
1827, when he removed to Orange. In 1819 a new 
township was formed, by the name of Mayfield, the 
iirst town meeting being held on the 14th day of 
June, in that year. There were only twenty voters 
present, and of these thirteen were elected to fill the 
various offices. 

The meeting organized by choosing Daniel 8. .J add, 
Daniel Richardson and Adam Overoker as judges of 
election, and John Jackson as clerk. The following 
officers were elected: Trustees, Adam Overoker, 
Seth Mapes, Daniel Smith; clerk, John Jackson; 
overseers of the poor, James Covert, Philo Judd; 
fence viewers, John Gloge, Michael Overocker; con- 
stables, Ephraim Graves, Riifus Mapes; lister, Henry 
Francisco; appraiser, Calvin Mapes; treasurer, Ben- 
jamin Carpenter, Jr.; justice of the peace, Michael 
Overoker. The following is also a part of the town- 
ship record for that year, which was sent to the His- 
torical Society some twenty years ago: 

"Received of the township of Chagrin, Nov. 10th, 
three dollars and eighty-eight cents, being our 
proportion of the money in tlie treasiirv at the time 
of division. Amount of tax levied in"l818, $76.00; 
amount paid by Mayfield, 6.80; remaining in the 
treasury of Chagrin at the time of division, $43.05; 
proportion belonging to Mayfield, $3.88. Paid by 
John Jackson, three dollars and eighty-eight cents to 
the trustees of Mayfield, money drawn from the 
treasury of Chagrin and exijcnded between them and 
tlie township clerk as a compensation for their ser- 
vices during the year one thousand eight hundred 
and nineteen." 

The increase of population was still slow, thouffh 
two or three new men came in every year. The bears 
and wolves slowly receded, but rattlesnakes in large 
numbers infested the land, especially among the 
rocks and hills. One of the most remarkable adven- 
tures with snakes, of which we have ever heard, was 
related to us by Dr. A. L. Dille, on the authority of 
Mr. Solomon Mapes, a reliable citizen, who, about 
1835, killed sixty-three rattlesnakes, the denizens of 
a single hollow log. Having discovered what sort of 
inhabitants were w'ithin, he armed himself with a 
stout stick, gave the log a rousing rap, and then slew 
the rattlers one after the other as they glided out of 
the open end. 

The first sawmill was built by Abner Johnson and 
Seth Mapes in 1824, a little north of Mayfield Center. 
The next year Mr. Johnson alone built the first grist- 
mill in the township on a branch of the Chagrin 
river, near the site of Willson's Mills. 



In 1826 Mr. Halsey Gates came to the locality 
which has since borne his name (Gates' Mills), bring- 
ing with him the gearing of a sawmill and began 
the work of erecting one at that point. The next 
year the sawmill was completed, and the year follow- 
ing a gristmill was erected by Mr. Gates at the same 
place. Lyndon Jenks was another of the early set- 
tlers in the southeast part of the township. 

About 1828 there was an extraordinary outbreak of 
Mormonism in this township. Mormon preachers, 
priests and prophets seem to have made this a special 
stamping-ground. Quite a number of the inhabi- 
tants were converted to that faitii, and some of them 
appeared perfectly crazy in their enthusiasm. Sev- 
eral families were broken up by the fanatical Mor- 
monism of some of their members. Besides the resi- 
dent converts, a good many Mormons seem to have 
come in from the outside and •' squatted "' in the 
western and central parts of the township, which 
were as yet very thinly settled, so that there would 
sometimes be several families living on a single farm. 
After two or three years of excitement they all packed 
up and moved away, about 1831, to join some larger 
colony of their brethren. 

Mr. Samuel Dean, who still resides at Gates' Mills, 
came thither in 1829. Nearly all the lots had been 
purchased on credit from the original owners. The 
clearings were generally small and the houses of log, 
though there were a few frames. Some claims had 
been held on •' articles " (or agreements to convey on 
payment) twenty-five to thirty years; the articles 
being renewed every few years. If the owner could 
get the interest he thought he was doing well, and 
sometimes he was unable to get enough to pay the 
taxes. But after this period, and especially after the 
Mormons left, a much more enterprising class came 
in, bought up the old improvements, paid for their 
lands in a reasonable time, and speedily changed the 
appearance of the township. 

For five years after 1830 emigration was quite 
rapid. In that year a Frederick Wilson came into 
the township and settled at what is now known as 
Willson's Mills. Eitean Wait and Daniel McDowell 
built the first store in the township (near Willson's 
Mills) in 1830. In 1831 it passed into the hands of 
Willson and McDowell, who kept it five or six years. 

In 1831 Colonel Ezra Eddy settled in Mayfield and 
put in operation a tanning and currjing establish- 
ment near Gates' Mills, which he carried on for many 
years, becoming one of tlie most prominent citizens 
of the township. 

The first framed school-house in the township was 
built at Mayfield Center in 18.30. It took the place 
of the old log one before mentioned as school-house, 
church and town-hall; elections being held in it down 
to 1848. 

In 1831 Jeniah Jones settled near the center. He 
describes the hill part of Mayfield as being still almost 
a wilderness. There was not a building on the State 
road, and Mr. Jones, soon after this arrival, heljied 



'^^"4:'^'"^^-^ 




COL. EZRA EDDY. 



Col. Ezra Eddy was born in Randolpli, Orange 
Co., Vt., Aug. 17, 1805. He was tlie youngest in 
the family of seven children of James and Sarah 
(Newton) Eddy, none of whom are now living. 
His father having died when Ezra was about ten 
years of age, he was apprenticed to a Mr. Blodgett 
to learn the tanner's trade. 

He remained with him till 1826, when he went 
to Lodi, Seneca Co., N. Y., where he followed his 
trade for one year. 

Oct. 18, 1827, he was married to Sally Ann, 
daughter of Gideon Keyt, of Lodi, N. Y. She was 
born Sept. 10, 1810. By this union lie had seven 
children, viz. : Edwin W., born June 9, 1832; died 
Feb. 5, 1835. Sarah Jane, born May 23, 1836; 
died May 28, 1836. William A., born in July, 1837. 
Albert C, born Aug. 28, 1840 ; died Jan. 29, 1841. 
Coustantinc, born July 11, 1842. Harriet M., born 
Nov. 11, 1845. Sanford, born Oct. 12, 1848. 

After his marriage he removed to Mayfield, Cuya- 
hoga Co., where he engaged in the tannery business, 
in which he continued till 1861, after which time 
he engaged in farming till liis deatli, which occurred 
Aug. 3, 1870. 

Col. Eddy was a wcll-Uiiown resident of the county, 



and was conspicuous as one of the pioneers of May- 
field township, where he raised a respectable family, 
and by severe industry and strict economy left a 
handsome competence. 

Mr. Eddy was perhaps better known throughout 
the county than almost any man outside of the city of 
Cleveland as an independent farmer and intelligent 
citizen. 

In tiie olden time, when militia musters were an- 
nual holidays, he was colonel of the regiment east 
of the Cuyahoga River, which position he filled 
with ability as long as the old military organizations 
lasted. For six years he was a commissioner of the 
county, and as such was respected for his ability, 
integrity, and faithfulness. 

As an honest and zealous politician he was always 
present at the conventions of the old Whig party, 
and later of the Republican party, in the county, 
and was one of the men who gave character to those 
organizations. 

As a neighbor, a husband, and a father, his char- 
acter and that of his family are suflBcient testimony 
of his value in all such relations of life. Long may 
his beloved widow enjoy the esteem of her friends 
and the affection of iier ciiildren. 



MAYFIELD. 



469 



to open that road from the center westward. Of 
tliose who were on the hill before 1830, few if any 
remain besides Rufus Mapes. Joseph Leuty came in 
1830. Elijah Sorter, with his son.s, Charles, Isaac 
and Harry, came in December, 1831. 8. Wlieeling, 
ijticas Lindslcy and others also came in 1831, and set- 
tled a mile and a half south of the center. 

In 1832 Erwin Doolittle put in ojjcration a carding 
machine and cloth-dressing establishment a short dis- 
tance north of Willson's Jlills, on tiie same stream on 
which Abner Johnson's mill was located. 

The first physician in the townshij) was Dr. A. L. 
Dille, who came thither from Euclid in 1834, settled 
at Willson'.s Mills, and has ever since resided there. 
DdWH to 1834 the inhabitants had to go to Wil- 
lougliby for their mail-matter. In that year a mail 
route was established from Chardon, (Jcauga county, 
to Cleveland, thi-ough (rates' Mills, and a post office 
was located at the latter place. 

Willson & McDowell built a hotel at Willson's 
.Mills in 1833, which they kept for several vears, and 
al)out the same time, perhaps a little earlier, Hiram 
Falk opened one at Gates' Mills. In 1834 Halsey 
(lates pnt up a fine framed hotel at Gates' Mills with 
a ball-room in it, which was the ceiker of many a 
joyous gathering. About 1833 or '34 Willson & Mc- 
Dowell built a flouring-mill and sawmill near the site 
of their store and tavern. The mills were burned in 
ls39, but were soon rebuilt, Genei'al Willson remain- 
ing a part or entire owner until they i)assed into the 
hands of his son, who now owns them. Hence the 
name of Willson's Mills has always been a strictlv cor- 
rect appellation. 

By this time all the laud in the townshi]) had been 
purchased, and a large part of it cleared off. The 
deer had given way before the axes and rifles of the 
pioneers, though a few were still to be seen bounding 
through the remaining belts of forest. Only once 
after Dr. Dille came, in 1834, did he hear the howling 
of a wolf. Mayfield was rapidly changing from a 
wilderness to a civilized townsiiip. 

About 1849 Dr. T. M. Moon bogau practice at 
(iates' drills and Dr. Alexander Charles at Mayfield 
Center. The latter reiiniined at the center until the 
outbreak of the ilexicau war, vthcn he received a 
commission as a surgeon of volunteers, went to Mex- 
ico and died while on duty there. 

The first church edifice in the townshij) was built 
by the Methodists in 1843, at Mayfield Center. 

By 18.')(J the work of clearing up the township was 
substantially accomplished, the deer had all fallen 
before the rifles of their foes, or had followed the 
wolves into banishment, framed houses had generally 
taken the place of log ones, and Mayfield had as- 
sumed very near the appaarance which it now pre- 
sents. 

In March, 185C, a few enterprising individuals pro- 
cured a charter as the Mayfield Academy association, 
and proceeded to erect an academy on the State road 
in the southwest portion of the township. The insti- 



tution was maintained for many years in a flourishing 
condition. 

Maylicld incik her full .share in the war fur the 
Union, and the names of her gallant sous who fought 
in that contest will be found with the stories of their 
respective regiments. 

In 1877 a plank road was built from a point in East 
Cleveland near the line of the city of Cleveland, 
through Euclid and Mayfield to the top of the hill 
half a mile east of Gates' Mills; about three and a half 
miles of it being in Mayfield. 

There are now three post offices in the township at 
the three villages before mentioned. Gates' Mills. W'iU- 
son's Mills and Mayfield Center; the first of which 
has about twenty houses and the others a smaller 
number. Besides these there are at Gates" Mills a 
gristmill, a sawmill, a rake factory, a store and two 
churches; at Willson's Mills, a gristmill, a sawmill, a 
church; at Mayfield Center, a church, a store, a town 
hall and a steam sawmill. There arc also two cheese 
factories in the township; one on the State road, a 
mile east of Gates' Mills, and one half way between 
Gates' and Willson's Mills. 

THE METHODIST CHURCHES. 

The Mayfield circuit contains three churches, one 
at Mayfield Center, one at Gates' Mills, and one on 
the cast line of the township. As has been said a 
Methodist class was organized as early as 18(i'.». Oc- 
casional preaching was held in the township, but 
owing to the sparsity of the inhabitants no great pro- 
gress was made for many years. In 1835 there was a 
very earnest revival and a church was fully organized. 

Rev. Mr. Graham was one of the first preachers; 
also Rev. Messrs. Excell and Mix. In 1843 the I\Ieth- 
odisls built, as before stated, the first church edifice 
in the township, at Mayfield Center. They have since 
rejjlaced this by a larger one, and in 1853 erected oi.e 
at Gates' Mills. There are now about a hundred mem- 
bers of the church at the Center, twenty-four of the 
one at (Jatos' ^[ills, and thirty-five of the one on East 
Hill. The following pastors have preached on this 
circuit since 1861: B. J. Kennedy, 1803, '03 and '04; 
E. C. Latimer, 1865 and '00; A. M. Brown, 1867; (J. 
J. Bliss, 1808; E. C. Latimer, Hiram Kellogg, Ib'lO; 
D. Rowland, 1871; J. B. Goodrich, 1873 and "73; 1). 
Meizener, 1874; J. K. Shafi"er, Is75: .James Shields, 
1877 and '78. 

( lirU< H (IF THE UNITED BRETHUKV. 

This church was organized at Willson's Mills in 
1870, and a neat fiamed edifice was erected the same 
year. There are now about thirty member.s. 

THE DISCII'EE CHURCH. 

In 1871 the Disciples at and around (iates" Mills 
purchased the school-house at that point and con- 
verted it into a church-edifice, and iiave since used it 
for that purpose. Their numbers are about the same 
as those of the United Brethren. 



470 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



PRINCIPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 
[Unfortunately the township books previous to 1W9 cannot be found- 
We give a list of the principal ones from that time to the present, ex- 
cept justices of the peace, which cannot be obtained from the township 
records.] 

1S49. Trustees, Truman Gates, L. P. Shuart, Luther Battles: clerk, 
Jeniah Jones; treasurer, D. Wakeman; assessor, Welman Brainard. 

1850. Trustees, Lyndon -lenks, T. Gates, Rufus Mapes; clerk, Jeniah 
Jones; treasurer, Chas. N. Sorter; assessor, W. Brainard. 

1851. Trustees, E. A. Johnson, H. S. Mapes. Osbert Arnold; cleik, J. 
Jones; treasurer, C. N. Sorter; assessor, W. Brainard. 

1S.V2. Trustees, Harmon Jacobs, Daniel Shepherd; clerk. W. ■ rainard; 
'treasurer, C. N. Sorter; assessor, E. D. Battles. 

185.3. Trustees, N. C. Sebins, Harry Sorter, David Hoege; clerk, W. 
Brainard; treasurer, C. N. Sorter; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

I8.i4. Trustees. J. A. Dodd. H. Jacobs, J. Bennett; clerk, J. Jones; 
treasurer. H. C. Eggleston. 

18.55. Tcustees, Leonard Straight, Luther Battles, H. S. Mapes; clerk, 
Jeniah Jones; treasurer. Diamond Wakeman; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

1850. Trustees, C. N. Sorter, H. S. Mapes, Harmon Jacobs; clerk, L. 
Straight; treasurer, D. Wakeman; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

1857. Trustees. C. Russell, Wm. Apthojp. J. B. Sorter; clerk, Leonard 
Straight; treasurer, C. N. Sorter; assessor, L..M. Gates. 

1858. Trustees. Alva Hanscom, Luther Battles, J. Sherman; clerk 
L. Straight: treasurer, C. N. Sorter; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

I8r9. Trustees, Alva Hanfcom, L. Battles, J. Sherman; clerk, L. 
Straight; treasurer, C. N. .Sorter; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

1860. Trustees, A. H nscom, L. Battles, H. Sorter; clerk, L. Straight; 
treasurer, C. X. Sorter. 

1861. Trustees, H. S. Mapes, H. Webster. C. B. Russell; clerk, L. 
Straight; treasurer, D. Wakeman; assessor, H. O. Eggleston. 

186-.', Trustees, Gordon Abbey, Nelson Wilson, A. Granger; clerk, L. 
Straight; treasurer, D. Wakeman; assessor, H. C. Eggleston. 

186.3. Trustees, N. M'ilson, L. Jenks, N. I). Seldon; clerk, L. Straight; 
treasurer, D. Wakeman; assessor, A. Walworth. 

186J. Trustees, E. D. Battles, H. Jacobs, Cornelius Hoege; clerk, L. 
Straight; treasurer, D. Wakeman; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

ma. Trustees, E. D. Battles. N. Wilson. John .-iikeus; clerk, J. A. 
Cutler; treasurer. L. Straight; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

1866. Trustees, E. D. Battles, N. Wilson, T. Gates; clerk, J. A. Cutler; 
treasurer, D. Wakeman: assessor, L. M. Gates. 

1867. Trustees. N. Wilson, C. N. Sorter, T. Gates; clerk, Wm. Miner; 
treasurer, Harry Sorter; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

1868. Trustees, Ezra Eddy, John Aikens, Leonard Straight: clerk, 
Tracy E. Smith; treasure], Harry Sorter; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

1869. Trustees, L. Straight, J. Aikens. E. D. Battles; clerk, T. E. 
Smith: treasurer, C. N. Sorter; assessor, L. M. Gates. 

1870. Trustees, N. Wilson, >Iilo Rudd, George Covert; cleik, W. A. 
Sliner; treasurer. H. Sorter; assessor, John Aikens. 

. 1871. Trustees, H. Jacobs, John Law, W. Apthorp; clerk, Wilbur F. 
Sorte ; treasurer, H. Sorter; assessor, W. Brainard. 

1872. Trustees, L. Straight, Wm. Neville, Wm. A, Southwick; clerk, 
W. F. Sorter; treasurer, H. Sorter; assessor, W. Brainard. 

1873. Trustees, Wm. A. Southwick, L. M. Gates, H. Sorter; clerk, W, 
F. Sorter: treasurer. J. T. Battles; assessor, W, Brainard. 

1874. Trustees, W. A. Southwick, L. M. Gatea, Wm, Neville; clerk, \V. 
F. Sorter; treasurer, J. T. Battles; assessor, W. Brainard. 

1875. Trustees, L. M. Gates, L. Straight Ira Hoffman; clerk, W. F. 
Sorter; treasurer, H. Sorter; assessor. AV. Brainard. 

1870. Trustees, L. M. Gates, A. F. Williams, Ira Hoffman; clerk, W. 
F. Sorter; treasurer. A, Straight; assessor, W. Brainard. 

1877. Trustees, Ira Hoffman, A. F. Williams, A. A. Jerome; clerk, 
H. W. Russell; treasurer, J. T. Battles; assessor, W. Brainard. 

1878. Trustees, Harmon Jacobs, Ira Hoffman, A. A, Jerome; clerk, 
H. W. Russell; treasurer, L. M. Gates, Jr.; assessor, W. Brainard. 

1879. Trustees, A. P. Aikens, A. A. Jerome, Henry Covert; clerk, H. 
W. Russell; treasurer, A. Granger: assessor, W. Brainard. 



FREDERICK WILLSON. 
This well-known citizen of Mh} field was born in 
the town of Phelps, Ontario county, New York, on 
the 4th diiy of January, 1807. He was the son of 
George and Esther Willson, tlie latter of whom is still 
living with the subject of this sketch, at the age of 
ninety-two years. He resided in Plielps (most of the 
time after childiiood being spent in attending school or 
working on his fatlier's farm) until the year 1830. In 
July of that year he came to Mayfield, where he 
has ever since made his home. 
Tlie young pioneer located him.sclf at the point now- 



known as Willson's Mills, and soon formed a partner- 
ship with David McDowell in tlie mercantile and 
farming business. Meeting with fucccss in the.se oc- 
CTipations, the firm in 1833 built a gristmill and a 
sawmill at the point just named. 

Meanwhile the subject of our sketch had taken an 
active j)art in military affairs. Having served as pri- 
vate, non-commisioned officer, lieutenant and captain, 
ilia regiment of liglit artillery, New York militia, 
before leaving that State, he was, on the organization 
of Mayfield as a separate company-district in 1833, 
elected the first captain of the first company in that 
township. On the outbreak of the celebrated "Toledo 
war,'" when it was expected that tietive, and perhajts 
dangerous, service would be necessary in maintaining 
the rights of Ohio to. that city and the surrounding 
territory, Cajitain Willson with his lieutenant and 
twelve men volunteered to take jiart in the contest. 
In 1834 he was elected major of the first regiment of 
infantry, .second brigade, ninth division, Ohio militia; 
in 1835 was promoted to lieutenant-colonel, and in 
1836 was chosen colonel. In 1838 Colonel WilL-;on 
was elected brigadier-general, which jtosition lie re- 
signed aliout four years afterwards. 

On (lie (ith day of September, 1830, Gen. Willson 
was ni;irrieil to Miss Eliza Handersou, of the adjoin- 
ing town of Orange, a lady who has shared with him 
the joys and sorrows of life down to the present time. 
In 1837 Gen. Willson dissolved partnership with 
Mr. ^IcDowell, taking the mill and farm as his share, 
^lilling and farming have been his occupations since 
that time, and in both he has l)eeii e.Ktrcmely success- 
ful; being now tlie owner of about nine hundred 
acres of land. In April, 1840, his mills were de- 
stroyed, by fire, but were rebuilt with characteristic 
energy, being set running on the 7th of J;iiiu;iry. 1S41. 
In 1S7.") tliey were tninsferred to the generars eldest 
son. Myiou II. Willson, who still owns and operates 
them. 

(ieii. Willson became a member of the Masonic 
order lifty-one years since, before leaving the State of 
New York. He has passed through all the degrees, 
from that of entered ai)preiiticc to the Scottish rites, 
and maintains a high standing among tiic brethren of 
the order. 

Though never a politician, yet in 184G his neigh- 
bors elected him to the office of justice of tlie peace 
of Mayfield township, and re-elected him in 1849; the 
whole length of his service being si.K years. 

General and Mrs. Willson have raised a family of 
nine children, five sons and four daughters. Two of 
his sons enlisted early in the war for the Union, and 
both gave their lives in its defense. George A. Will- 
son enlisted in the First Infantry in the summer of 
1801, at the age of nineteen, and was killed at the 
battle of Resaca, Georgia, May 14, 18C4. James P. 
Willson also enlisted in Battery B, First Light Ar- 
tillery, the same summer, at the age of seventeen, 
and died in service in June, 1803, having been brought 
home from Nashville three weeks before his decease. 




'dU^^ 



MIDDLEBURCL 



471 



CHAPTER LXXVIII. 

MIDDIiEBURG 

Its Pn>prietor-Jareil Hickox tlie First Settler— His Death— The 
Vduglins— Abram Fowls— The First Mai riage— The War— A Fortress 
in t'ohimbia- Phvsieal Chaacteristies of the Township— Religious 
Mattel's— Solomon Lovejoy— Township Organization— The First Rec- 
ord—Road Districts -First Full List of Officers— John Baldwin -Heads 
ot Families iu ISSr— I'ircumstanres Concerning Them -Counterfeiters 
in the Swamp— Beginning of the (irindstone Business Invention of 
Machine to Jloke Grindstones— The First Tavern— First Temperance 
Society— 11. O. Sheldon and James Gdnith— The Comnuinity- The 
Twelve Apostles— They Fail at Farming— Break up of the Community 
—Origin of " Berea"— First Post Offlce -Berea Lyceum- Lyceum 
Tillage-The Globe Factory— Wolves in 1S4S— The last Killed in IMS- 
Deer— Turkeys and Wild Cats— Baldwin Institute— The Railroad- 
Rapid Increase of Berea— An Ox-Railroad— Progress— The Onion 
Business— The Stone Quarries in Operation— A Grinilstone Factory— 
Berea Stone Company- Baldwin Quarry Company— Russell & Forche 
-Empire Stone Company— J. McDermott & Co.— Piincipal Township 
Otiicers- Methodist Church— German Methodist Church First Con- 
k'legational Church— St. Mary's Church— St. Thomas' Church— St. 
I'anl's Church— St. Adelbert's Church— Berea Lodge F. and A. M.— 
Berea Chapter F. and A. M.— Other Societies— Berea Village Corpora 
ti'>n— Town Hall— Business Places, etc, — Physicians— Street Railway 
—Union School— Board of Education First National Bank— Savings 
and Loan Association. 

On the division of the western part of tlie Western 
Reserve in 1807, town.ship luimber si.x in the fourteenth 
range, now known as iliddlebiirg, fell to tlie share of 
lion. Gideon Granger, then i)Ostrnaster-genei'al un- 
der President Jefferson. 

Tiie first permanent wliite settler in the townsliip 
was Jtired Hicko.x, grand fatiier of Mrs. Roxana Fowls, 
who located in 1809 on what i.< now known as the 
irepburn place, on the Raglcy rotid, tilimit inilf way 
lietween Berea village and tlu^ old turnpike. We say 
the first pcrmnnrnf settler, for it is believed by some 
I hat Abrani Hickox, long a well-known resident of 
tUevehinil, movod into iliddleburg in response to an 
offer of fifty acres of land to the first settler, made by 
.Mr. Granger, and giving his name to the pond known 
as Lake Abrani. According to the best information 
we can olittiin from old settlers, however, Mr. Jared 
Hickox was the one who received the fifty acres, and 
.Mr. Abrani Hickox never lived in Middlebiirg. He 
was a relative of Jared Hickox, however, tiud the lat- 
ter may have named " Lake Abram " after hiin. 

The next year tifter making his settlement, Mr. 
.lared Hickox, wiio had alretidy jiassed middle age, 
was returning from Cleveland to his home, when he 
died suddenly and alone upon the road — probably of 
heart disea.se. He left a large family, among whom 
were his sons Nathaniel, Jared, Eri and Azel. and his 
daughter, Raciiel Ann, the mother of .Mrs. Fowls, 
before mentioned. 

The next settlers were probaiily the Vaughns, who 
located themselves about 1810 on the banks of Rocky 
river, near where the village of Herea now stands, 
'i'here was an old gentleman and three adult sons, 
E[)liraim. Richard and Jonathan Vaughn. The lat- 
ter located where Berea depot now is. 

In the spring of 1811, Abram Fowls (father of 
Lewis A. Fowls and Mrs. Roxana Fowls) came 
through the woods on foot, with his younger brother 
John, and selected him a homenear where the Hickox 
ftimily was located. " Near," at this time, meant 
aiivwhere within two or Ihree miles. At all events 



young Abram was near enough so that he soon made 
the intimate acquaintance and gained the favor of 
Miss Rachel Ann Hickox. Although he had arrived 
in Middlebiirg with only two dollars and a half in his 
pocket, he was ready to take the res])onsibilities of a 
fiiinily on his shoulders, and the two were accordingly 
married in 1812, this being the first wedding in the 
township. The 3'oung couple were (juite justified in 
their self-confidence, too, for before the death of 
Abram Fowls, which occurred in 1S50. the two dol- 
lars and a half with which he had arrived in Middle- 
burg had grown into a handsome fortune, including 
five hundred acres of htnd and other i)roperty in pro- 
portion, besides which Mr. and Mrs. Fowls had 
reared a family of ten children. 

Meanwhile Jonathan Vaughn init up a sawmill on 
Rocky river, near the site of the depot, and Ephraim 
Vaughn erected a log gristmill farther up the stream 
and near the village. Silas Becket and his son Elias 
also settled in that vicinity. Those who have been 
named, with their ftimilies, were nearly or quite all 
the residents which townshij) number six had before 
the war of 1812. 

That war came with most depressing effect upon 
the few residents of Middleburg, for down to the time 
of Perry's victory on Lake Erie and Harrison's tri- 
umph in Canadii, the peojile were in almost daily 
apprehension of an attack by Indians upon the almost 
helpless settlers. Soon after Hull's surrender a block- 
house was erected in Columbia (now in Lorain coun- 
ty, but then in Cuyahoga), where there was a rather 
larger population than in Middleburg, and whenever 
there seemed to be especial danger, all the able-bodied 
men were called out by Captain Hoadley, of Colum- 
bia, to defend the little fortress, while the women and 
childi-en were offered a refuge in the same narrow 
quarters. Mr. Fowls took his family there for a week, 
but when he was called out a second time liis wife re- 
mained at home with only his young brother to jiro- 
tcct her. All the other inhabitants in the township 
went to Columbia. The young wife was sadly fright- 
ened at times, but fortunately no Indians appeared. 

It was during such times as these that the first 
white child was born in the township of iliddleburg 
— Lucy, oldest daughter of Abram and Rachel Ann 
Fowls, whoso birth took place on the 22d day of 
M;iy, 1813. Lucy Fowls nntrried Nathan Cardner, 
and died in 1877. 

After Perry's victory there was little more fear of 
Indians, and in the forepartof 1815 thecloscof the war 
left tlie pathway again open to emigration. Before, 
however, wo undertake to trace thesubsetpient course 
of events, we will glance at the natural characteristics 
of township number six. 

Like the other townships of the Reserve it was five 
miles s(|iiare. Entering it near the center of its 
southern boundary was the east branch of Rocky 
river, which followed a meandering course northward, 
receiving the west branch, and passing out into town- 
ship number seven (nowRockport). The river banks 



473 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



plainly showed good reasons for the name which had 
been given to it; reasons which cropped out on either 
side along its whole course through the township. 
Near the river the ground was generally broken, the 
soil being formed of mingled clay and gravel, and 
covered with the usual Ohio forest growth of beech, 
maple, elm, oak, etc. But to the eastward the sur- 
face soil was nearly level, somewhat wet, and com- 
posed of a clayey loam; while northeast of the center 
was a large swamji, densely occupied by hemlock, 
birches, etc., into which the wolves and panthers re- 
treated from the constantly increasing improvements 
of man. Of the pond which very early received the 
name of Lake Abram, we have spoken before. Its 
waters found their way, though very slowly, into 
Kocky river. 

Though the strong, clay soil of Middleburg, when 
drained and subdued, has ])roved as valuable as any in 
the countj', yet at an early day its general dampness 
and stubbornness, the presence of swamps, and the 
consequent fear of ague, caused many emigrants to 
jjress on to the more heaUhful hills of Strongsville or 
the more manageable lands of Columbia. So that, 
even after the close of the war in 1815, emigration to 
Middleburg was still slow. One of the first families 
to come, after the war, was that of Ei)lnaim Meeker, 
who settled at the outlet of Lake Abram. Another 
was that of Thaddeus Lathrop, who came in 1816. 
His daughter, now Mrs. Susan Tuttle, of Albion, 
who was then nine years old, can recollect only the 
Vaughns, the Fowles, the Hickoxes and the Meekers, 
as being in the township when she went there, though 
probably there were the Beckets and a few more. The 
only road from Cleveland was a path designated by 
marked trees. 

Down to this time there had tx'cn no organized 
church or public worship. About ISlC, however, a 
Metliodist camp meeting near the Cuyahoga river was 
attended by some Middleburg jieople who returned 
deeply impressed with the importance of religion. 
They began holding neighborhood meetings, where 
the attendants prayed, sang and exhorted among 
themselves, and at wliich quite a number were con- 
verted. Then Jacob Ward, a jireacher from Biiins- 
wick, came and formed a Methodist society; being the 
first religious organization in the township. Tlie in- 
terest increased, the society was embraced in a Meth- 
odist circuit, and meetings were lield every two weeks, 
generally on week-days, besides pinyer-meetings, etc., 
on the Sabbath. But is was many years before there 
was a resident minister and regular preaching on 
Sunday. 

Enoch (!. Watrous and Silas (Jardner, with their 
families, settled in 1817 or '18, on the river, near the 
Strongsville line. Paul Gardner came somewhat later. 
Wheeler Wellman came in 1818, settling south of 
Abram Fowls'. The nest year Mr. Wellman's father- 
in-law, Solomon Lovejoy, located himself near where 
his son's tavern now is. Among his children were 
Edwin, then seventeen, and Ammy, then twelve, the 



latter of whom now keeps the tavern referred to, and 
both of whom reside there. They mention the fam- 
ilies before referred to and there seem to have been 
very few others in the township. 

Notwithstanding the scarcity of inhabitants, how- 
ever, there was a township organization formed as 
early as 1820. Ephraim Vaughn had been a justice 
of the peace for several years previous, having been 
commissioned by the governor, and having presided 
at the organization of Strongsville in 1818. The only 
records of Middleburg are very defective; the first 
one preserved is dated June 29, 1820. It is signed b\ 
Jared Hickox, township clerk, and notes the reception 
in May, 1819, of a commission as justice of the jieace 
by William Vaughn, dated in Februaiy, 1819. It then 
included not only township six in range fourteen, but 
also township six in range fifteen, now Olmstead. 
Another record of the same date (June 22, 1820,) 
states that Solomon S. Doty had duly qualified as 
constable for the ensuing year, and had given the 
necessary bail. In March, 1821, the trustees (names 
unknown) divided the two survey-townships of which 
the civil township of Middleburg was composed, into 
two highway districts each. The present Middleburg 
was divided so that all east of the highway "running 
from Strongsville to Rockport," should form one dis- 
trict, while that road and all west of it should compose 
the other. The road running from Strongsville to 
Rockport was evidently the main road running through 
the present Berea, along the east side of Rocky river. 
This road and the one which afterward became the 
turnpike, were all the highways of any consequence 
in the township, and these were just being cut out so 
as to be passable. 

In April, 1823, it was voted to divide the townshij) 
into school-districts; the record being signed liv 
Wheeler Wellman, clerk. The first full list of town- 
ship officers whicli can be found is that of those 
elected in April, 1823; viz: David Harrington, Abra- 
ham Fowls and Richard Vaughn, trustees; Wheeler 
Wellman, township clerk; Jared Hickox and Ephraim 
Fowls, overseers of the poor; Eli Wellman and 
Ephraim Fowls, constables; Jared Hickox, lister; 
Ephraim Vaughn, appraiser; Silas Gardner, treasurer; 
Solomon Lovejoy, sui)ervisor of first district; Wiiec- 
ler Wellman, sajjcrvisor of second district: Abram 
Fowls, Owen Wellman and Silas Bccket, fence viewers. 

From 1820 to 1827 there was but little immigration, 
but the number of adults was considerably increased 
by the growing up of those who came as youths and 
children, and there were plenty more children to take 
their places. Immigrants were repelled principally bv 
the wet soil, and the more pleasantly located settlers 
in township number five said that if Middleburg was 
not fastened on to Strongsville it would sink. Since 
that time a wonderful change has come over the jiros- 
pects of this "sinking" township. 

Meanwhile the main road from Cleveland through 
the eastern part of the township was put in tolerable 
condition and a line of stages had been put on it. 




JOHN BALDWIN. 



Wp present to our rpiidcrs an excellent ]iortrait of Mr. Ualil- 
win, a representative of the self-made American, and a 
Christian whose life has been characterized by the consecra- 
tion of all its eft'orts to the service of God. lie was born in 
Branford, Conn., Oct. 13, 1790. His s^randfatlier, who was 
a deacon of the I'rcsbyterian Church and of Puritan descent, 
was a blacksmith, and worked at the anvil in New Haven, 
makinc; axes and hoes with the father of Lyman Bceclier. 
When the war of 1776 broke out he shouldered his gun and 
in the service won the rank of captain, by which title he was 
called to the day of his death. 

John Baldwin's mother was the only daughter of Edward 
Melay, of New Haven, who before the war of the Revolution 
was a wealthy merchant, and gave to his daughter as good an 
cdvication as it was then believed daughters were capable of 
receiving. 

Young John's school privileges were of the humblest kind, 
as neither geography, grammar, nor arithmetic were allowed 
to be taught in his day. At an early age he began to take 
care of himself, and thus learned to properly value the fruits 
of industry. At the age of eighteen he became a member of 
the Methodist Churcli. By his own unaided efforts he 
gathered from books the rudiments of an education, attended 
school later, and then engaged in teaching, first in Fishkill, 
N. Y., afterwards in .Maryland, and in Litchfield, Conn. After 
five years so spent, he married in 1828. The next spring he 
moved to where Berea no\v is, and soon built the first frame 
hou.se in the place, assisted in the first Sabbath-school, opened 
the first i)uarry, turned the first grindstone, laid out or helped 
to lay out the first building lot, and built the first seminary. 
At first his eflbrts were not successful financially, but the dis- 
covery of the value of the rock underlying Berea gave to him 
the means of retrieving his fallen fortunes. Consecrated edu- 
cation became his battle-cry, and to this object he has devoted 
himself for years. 

Mr. Baldwin has been a devoted friend of female educa- 
tion. He has always owed Yale College a grudge for not 
giving his mother eipial privileges with his uncles. His 
theory is that tons and daughters should be trained side by 
side to pursue the studi(^s and labors that should fit them alike 
for life's responsibilities, its usefulness, and its honors, and 
when the Baldwin Institute (since University) was opened 
it was eligible alike to sons and daughters. To this institu- 
tion he has given nroperty worth at present one hundred and 
fifty thousand dollars. His devotion to the cause of educa- 
tion has extended beyond his own village to embrace wider 
field" and oth»r races. His heart has become deeply interested 
in the educational want* of the South, and, with his charac- 



teristic geiuTOsity, he has become a liberal patron of the 
Thomson Biblical Institute. His own letter to Dr. Newman, 
of New Orleans, announcing what he has done, is character- 
istic: " 1 have bought for twenty thousand dollars the Darby 
plantation, of seventeen hundred acres (which has since been 
increased to four thousand acres), in St. Mary's Parish, La. 
There is a fine site of thirty or forty acres on the bank of the 
river, containing .some fifteen or twenty buildings, which the 
brethren of the Mississippi Mission Conference can occupy 
for religious education as soon as they choose, provided no 
distinction is made on account of color or sex. When a cor- 
porate body is organized by said Conference I will deed the 
above-named site, and secure to said corporation enough 
capital to make twenty thousand dollars' worth." 

In personal appearance ilr. Baldwin is plain, in outward 
adornment, and in earlier times it was to him a matter of 
keen enjoyment to be mistaken for some unfortunate wan- 
derer. As is usually the case with persons who give largely, 
he has been the object of unsparing criticism and abuse, and 
it would be easy to find those (themselves not to be persuaded 
to give a dime to any good cause) who stand ready to charge 
upon hiui meanness unlimited. He will survive all suchattacks. 
As a business man he is shrewd and fur-seeing, judging wisely 
when to buy and when to sell ; and, while perfectly honorable 
in all his dealings, lie must be shrewd indeed who gets any 
great advantage of him. To the poor and needy he is a kind 
and generous friend, one who bestows liberally to such cases 
of necessity as come to his knowledge. 

He is a great admirer of John Wesley. The sincere single- 
mindedness, the loffy, patriarchal faifh, the active, self-deny- 
ing zeal in doing good, and the large-hearted benevolence 
for which the founder of Methodism was distinguished, has 
made a deep impression upcm Mr. Baldwin's mind. Like 
him, he cherishes a deep love of truth, despises glory and 
fortune, or values them only as they are the means of doing 
good . 

He has resolved to make all he can by industry, to save all 
he can by strict economy, and give all he can in justice to 
himself and family. In accordance with this principle, he 
lives under a .solemn vow to devote his all to God. When 
asked in what manner this is done, he replied, " By a resolu- 
tion I formed, based on the Bible as explained by Mr. 
Wesley, I determined to appropriate my entire income, aside 
from the necessaries of life for myself and family, to the cause 
of benevolence, a resolution which I have seen no reason to 
change." This last expression gives us the result of his ex- 
perience for fifteen or twenty years, in which light it becomes 
a beautiful illustration of the power of faith and goodness. 



MIDDLEBURG. 



473 



In 1827 Mr. John Baldwin, who has long been one 
of the l)est known citizens of the township, made his 
lirst entrance into it. lie pnrcluised the old Vaughn 
farm and in May, 1828, he took posses.'^ion of it. 
Mrs. Fowls mentions having seen him and his young 
wife Ml, that time, stepping briskly along, past her 
fatlicrV resilience; having come as far as they could 
l)y stage on the main road, whence they w-ere making 
their way on foot to their new home, four or five 
miles distant. 

Mr. Baldwin has given the names of tJie heads of 
families residing in the township when he came; viz: 
Silas Gardner, Enoch G. Watrous, Benjamin Coll)y. 
Silas Becket, Elias Bccket, Ephraim Vaughn, Richard 
\"aughn, Jonathan Vaughn, Eli Osborn. ZinaOshorn, 

Gharles Green, Aruna Phelps, Ephraim Meeker, 

Tracy, Nathan Gardner. Benjamin Tuttle, Abraham 
Fowls, David Fowls, Ephraim Fowls, Daniel Fair- 
child. Paul Gardner, Amos (Jardner, Valentine Gard- 
ner, Abijah Bagley, and himself, John Baldwin — 
twenty-six, all told. Mr. Baldwin has estimated the 
total population at a hundred, but there must have 
been more than that, nnless Middlebnrg families were 
much smaller than pioneer families generally were. 

The only roads he considers worth mentioning in 
1S27 were the one np and down the river and the one 
from the corner of Columbia northeast to the old 
Ijridge on the site of the iron bridge at Berea, and 
thence easterly to the main road from Cleveland to 
St.ongsville. A company had just begun making a 
turni)ike of this last-named road. It was completed 
the next year, and used as a turnj)ike over thirty 
years. Tiie other roads are described as being then 
only mud-paths, partly cleared of timber, in which a 
sled or a mud-boat would get along Ifetter than a ve- 
hicle on wheels. 

Mr. Baldwin, in a manuscript on file in the records 
of the Historical Society, has also mentioned various 
circumstances connected with the residents before 
named. Benjamin Colby, besides cultivating his 
farm, used to burn lime, whicii was found in small 
amounts in various parts of the townsiiip. When 
Mr. Baldwin built his house, fonr years later, he 
exciianged apples for lime with Colijy, bushel for 
l)ushel. Silas and Elias Becket owned the farm (af- 
terward sold to Baldwin) which covered most of tlie 
innirries on the river. Aruna Pheljjs had a small 
house and shop a little south of the site of the Berea 
depot, where he made chairs and turned bed-posts. 
Abram Fowls, as Mr. Baldwin says, "made money 
liy attending to his business." Abijah Bagley occu- 
jiicd the first fifty acres settled by old Jared Hickox, 
as before mentioned. The Bagley road was named 
from him. The Vaughns had been obliged to give 
up tlieir land, but had saved their mills which they 
were running in 1827. About this time Ephraim 
X'aughn bought twenty acres covering the ground 
where the main part of Berea village now stands. 
This, too, T.-as bouglit in 18.3G by Mr. Baldwin. 

Eli Osborn had recently put np a small fulling 



mill on the river near the site of the railroad bridge. 
He used to dress cloth, survey land, act as justice of 
the peace, conduct religions meetings and sometimes 
preach. Benjamin Tuttle had a small shop on Rocky 
river, near the mouth of the creek at Berea, in which 
he ground bark, tanned leather and made shoes. He 
soon sold to Valentine Gardner, who carried on the 
business successfully many years. Charles Green, 
who came in about this time, took up a small piece 
of land, and also acted as jiettifogger before the jus- 
tices of the day; being in fact the first legal practi- 
tioner, though in a very humble way, in Middlebnrg 
township. Daniel Faircliild had a dish-factory on 
the falls at Berea, and supplied all the peojile around 
with wooden dishes. 

The central, northern and northeastern parts of 
the towiiship were still mostly inhabited by bears, 
wolves, wild cats, etc., their chief stronghold being 
the swamp before mentioned. But there was a cer- 
tain class of men who maintained a successful rivalry 
with these animals in the occupancy of the swamp. 
On a small island, or piece of firm gi'ound, in the 
midst of the morass (as mentioned in the general his- 
tory) a band of counterfeiters had established a shoij 
and supplied it with tools, and there for many years 
they manufactured large quantities of bogus silver, 
commonly called Podunk money. They do not seem to 
have been disturbed by the officers of the law, at least 
for a long time, but they finally abandoned the loca- 
tion, leaving their factory beliind them, probably for 
fear of discovery on account of the constantly increas- 
ing number of inhabitants. 

Even before Mr. Baldwin's arrival — probably soon 
after Vaughn's log gristmill was built — his customers 
from Middlebnrg, Strongsvilie, Brunswick, etc., ob- 
served that the fiat rocks about four inches thick, 
which lay in the bottom of tiie river, had all the 
fpialities of first class grindstones. So they broke off 
pieces, carried them liome witii their grists, trimmed 
off the edges as Ijcst they could, ininched a square 
hole through the centre of each with an old chisel. 
set np a rude frame and used them for grinding their 
axes, scythes, etc. It took time to get the edges 
smooth, but when that was done they had better 
grindstones than tiiose brought at great ex^jense from 
Xova Scotia. 

Soon after Mr. Baldwin occupied the Vaughn place 
in 1828, he began breaking up the rocks into suitable 
sizes, trimming and perforating them with malletand 
chisel, and selling them in the neighboring townships. 
The business increased, and in the winter of 1832 Mr. 
Baldwin hired a couple of stone-cnlters to cut grind- 
stones at the lialves, he furnishing their board and 
the rough stone, and they contributing their labor. 
In the spring Mr. Baldwin bought the workmen's 
share, and soon after sold the whole to a trader from 
Canada. He shipped them by way of Cleveland; 
this being the first Berea stone sent to either Cleve- 
land or Canada. 

Finding tiie business constantly increasing, Mr. 



474 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Baldwin, the next year (1833), set his Yankee wits to 
work to invent some easier method of cutting the 
stone than that with mallet and chisel. Taking a 
piece of whitewood scantling to a lathe in the 
neighborhood, he shaped it to the right form for a 
pattern, and then walked with it on his shoulder 
one moonlight night to Cleveland, where he had a 
"mandrel " cast according to the whitewood pattern. 
This mandrel or shaft was taken back to Middleburg, 
where it was fastened to the end of a water-wheel, 
which was hung under a sawmill. A square hole was 
made in an incipient grindstone with a chisel, the 
stone was placed on the mandrel and fastened with a 
key, and the wheel set in motion. The end of an iron 
bar was then held against the edges and sides of the 
stone, a storm of sparks and a cloud of dust flew 
forth, and in a few moments a perfect grindstone was 
turned out. This was the fii-st grindstone ever turned 
by machinery in this part of the country, and the 
invention was Mr. Baldwin's own, though possibly 
something of the kind may have been previously done 
in distant regions. So far as we can learn, however, 
this was the first instance anywhere in the world. 

For several years only a moderate, though steadily 
increasing, quantity of stones was turned out by the 
new process, but their fame gradually widened, and 
the foundation of a far larger business was laid. Of 
the subsequent development of that business we will 
speak farther on. 

In 1833 the first tavern was opened in the township, 
in the new framed house then built by Solomon Love- 
Joy, on the turnpike — the same which his sou now 
employs for the like purpose. 

Another event of this period was the formation of 
the first temperance society in the township, and one 
of the first in nortliern Ohio, in 1832 or 1833. The 
use of whisky had previously been very prevalent in 
that region, and it was by no means entirely stopped 
tliereafter, yet a temperance sentiment was then ini- 
tiated in the community, which has since, in spite of 
many adverse influences, done much to restrain the 
curse of drunkenness. 

Immigration was still slow, and the north part of the 
township still remained a wolf-haunted wilderness. 
Along and near the turnpike, however, there was con- 
siderable settlement — by Messrs. Pomeroy, Smith, 
Bassett, Pebles, the Fullers and others, who, with 
those who had already located in that vicinity, gave 
that part of the township quite a cultivated ajjpear- 
ance. Very few came to the west part of the town- 
ship. Caleb Patterson who came to the vicinity of 
Berea with his father, Jonathan Patterson, in 1831, 
at the age of sixteen, describes the country as being 
almost entirely a wilderness at that period, in which 
the wolves howled nightly, close to the scattered farms 
of the settlers. 

Meanwhile the great paper-money inflation of 1834, 
1835 and 1836 caused what was called the " flush 
times," when all sorts of sjicculative schemes were 
eagerly entered on by a sanguine public. Possibly 



this general excitement had something to do with the 
scheme about to be mentioned, though its salient 
features were religious and social rather than financial. 
In the autumn of 1836 Rev. Henry 0. Sheldon, a 
Methodist minister, and Mr. James Gilruth, came to 
reside in Middleburg on Rocky river. Mr. Sheldon 
was the first resident minister in the township. Al- 
though water power along the river had been utilized 
to a considerable extent, there was still notliing like 
a village there; there was no store and no physician 
in the township, and no hotel except tlie Luvejoy 
])lace over on the turnpike. 

Messrs. Sheldon and Gilrutli were tlie principal 
agents in establishing a "community" on Rocky 
river near the site of the depot, the members of 
which intended to hold their property and transact all 
their business in common. About twenty families 
moved in that year (1836), and over a thousand acres 
of land were purchased of the Grangers. By the 
death of Hon. Gideon Granger, the ownership of the 
unsold lands of Middleburg had passed to Francis 
Granger, the celebrated New York politician (post- 
master-general under President Harrison), and the 
other heirs of the deceased. Some houses were 
bought, others were built, and the "community" 
speedily began its career; somewhat to the astonish- 
ment of the staid citizens of Middleburg. Only three 
resident families joined the association. Although 
the property of the society was owned in common, 
vet the residences and families of the members were 
entirely separate. Their business was directed by a 
board of twelve, known as the Apostles. They bought 
and repaired a sawmill and gristmill, put in crops the 
following spring, and for a brief time it seemed to 
some as if a new era had begun in modern civilization. 

Tlie "community" was the more favorably regarded 
by the people at large as the members manifested 
none of the scepticism often manifested by social 
reformers. On the contrary they were zealous in the 
observance of their religious duties, and for the first 
time in Middleburg tliere was regular preaching 
every Sabbath. 

Nevertheless, the experiment was a very brief one. 
When it came to the active operations of 1837, it was 
found that farming under the direction of twelve 
apostles would not do at all. Difficulties occurred 
incessantly, much bitterness of feeling was manifested, 
and in the course of a few months the whole scheme 
was given up. Most of the families concerned in the 
experiment moved away, and the "community," which 
waste inaugurate a new era of Christian co-operation, 
passed out of existence, leaving scarcely a trace 
behind. 

During this season Messrs. Sheldon and Gilruth 
procured the establishment of a new post office. The 
former wanted it called Berea; the latter Tabor. So 
they threw up a half-dollar, (heads, Berea; tails. 
Tabor), and as Mr. Sheldon won, the first post office 
in the township received the name of Berea, which 
has since been extended not only to a thriving village 



MIDDr.Klil'ltd. 



47r> 



but to the "Berea stone," the fame of wliich lias 
spread over lialf tlie continent. Mr. Slicldon was the 
first j)ostniastt'r. 

After .the failure (tf the "coiuniunity," Messrs. 
Sheldon and (iilruth remained and established a high 
school, which tiiey called "Jierca Lyceum.'' In con- 
nection therewith a village was laid out which was 
originally called "Lyceum Village." It retained that 
name, at least on the i)lats (one of which is now in 
possession of Mr. Patterson) as late as 1841. There 
was a Lyceu!n Village stock company, in llie name 
of which the enterprise was carried on, and which 
gave deeds of the lots. As, however, the post 
oftice was named Berea, which was a much more con- 
venient desigmition tinni Lyceum Village, tiie former 
appellation gained ground on the latter, and was gen- 
erally adopted by tlie people of the township as the 
name of the village. Alfred llolbrook was invited 
by ilr. Sheldon to take charge of the lyceum, and 
conducted it several years. It went down, however, 
l)efore 1845. 

A somewiial pcculiai' institution — to be established 
almost ill I lie woods — was the "globe-factory" of Josiah 
Ilollirook. In it was manufactured all kinds of 
school ajiparatus, such as globes, cubes, cabinets for 
specimens, etc. Mr. llolbrook built up a large busi- 
ness, and at one time employed ten or twelve men. 
The factory remained until 1S.">3. 

Turning to other quarters, we (ind that while 
"communities," lyceums, etc., attracted attention on 
the l)anks of Kocky river, there was still a flourishing 
community of wild cats, and a nightly lyceum of 
wolves, in the northern part of the township. As 
late as 1838, \[rs. Fowls mentions being awakened 
by the awful bleating of a pet calf only a short dis- 
tance from the house. Her father went out and fired 
ills giin. when the bleating ceased. A lantern being 
lighted, the calf was found badly mangled by wolves, 
which had audaciously ventured into the immediate 
vicinity of a house in search of prey. 

It was aljout the same time that the last bear was 
killed in the township, according to Mr. 8. A. Fowls, 
llu^ slayer being a man nameil Doty, who lived on the 
turnpike. Wolves were occasionally seen still later, 
and in 1S4'2 three large timber-wolves came into the 
.Middleliurg swamp from the west. They remained 
there and in the adjoining woods a year and a half, 
defying all attempts to destroy them, and killing 
many sheep for the neighboring farmers. At length, 
in 184:5, young Lewis Fowls and Jerome IJaymond 
undertook in earnest the job of capturing them. 
The State and county together were then giving ten 
dollars for each wolf-scalp. The farmers also sub- 
scribed some twenty dollars more to encourage the 
destruction of these particular enemies. Fowls and 
Kiymond penetrated into tlie accustomed haunts of 
the marauders, baited steel traps with tempting mor- 
sels of sheej) and cow, and after various attempts, suc- 
ceeding in catching all three of them alive. They 
were promptly despatched, to the great joy of the 



neighborhood. These were the last wolves in the 
township, so far as known. 

Deer, however, were frequently seen iinfil after the 
railroad was built, when they sjieedily disappeared. 
Wild turkies were also numerous and of great size. 
Young Fowls killed eighteen in one winter, weighing 
from fifteen to twenty pounds each. Wild cats were 
also numerous and " ugly," but the last one was 
killed in a small swamp on the Bagley road, about 
1845 or a little later. 

Meanwhile, notwithstanding the various enterprises 
which have already been mentioned, from lyceums to 
grindstone factories there were but twelve families in 
Berea in 1845, and half of these, as Mr. Baldwin says, 
were talking about moving away. Dr. Henry Parker 
also says that there were then but about a dozen 
houses in the village. The village store was then 
owned by Mr. Case. Holbrook's school apparatus fac- 
tory was in ojieration, and two small woolen factories 
had also been established; one by James and Augustus 
Northrop and one by John Baldwin. At this time, 
the Berea lyceum having gone down, Mr. Baldwin 
who had been fortunate in his business operations, 
determined to establish, if possible, the cause of hio-h 
and thorough education at Berea on a solid basis. 

There was then an institution under the auspices 
of the North Ohio Conference of the Methodist 
Church, at Norwalk, Huron county, which was 
painfully maintaining a feeble existence. Mr. Bald- 
win, as early as September, 1849, proposed that 
that establishment, at least so far as the patron- 
age of the church Avas concerned, should be trans- 
ferred to Berea, and offered to give fifty acres of land, 
including most of the grindstone (juarries and an 
abundant water-power, for the support of the insti- 
tution. The offer was accejited, and a brick build- 
ing, thirty-si.\ feet by seventy-two, was erected on 
the west, or rather southwest side of the river, duriii"- 
the summer of 1845. In June of that year Mr. 
Baldwin madea further gift of fifty lots, of a quarter 
acre each, with the ropiisite streets and alleys, for 
the benefit of the institution. A charter was ob- 
tained in December, 1845, the school being called the 
Baldwin Institute. It was opened on the 9tli of 
April, 1846, with the Reverend H. Dwight, A. M., 
as principal, and having just a hundred students, 
sixty-one males and thirty-nine females. 

The school soon became a decided success, and ]ieo- 
]^\c began to settle in Berea, in order to obtain the 
advantages of it. The cliange was not very great, 
iiowever, for several years more. The surface devoted 
to farming was steadily but .slowly increased, as peo- 
ple began to learn that there was a good basis to the 
damp-looking soil of Middleburg, and that when 
properly treated it could be relied on to produce good 
crops. It was not until 1848. nearly forty years after 
the first settlement of the township, that a phvsician 
deemed it worth while to locate there. This was Dr. 
Alexander ^McBride, who began a practice at Berea 



47G 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



in the year named and remained until his death, in 
1876. 

At length, in 1849, the Cleveland, Columbns and 
Cincinnati Railroad (which now has another city at- 
tached to its top-heavy title) was built through the 
township. After this there was a marked improve- 
ment, both in Berea village and the rest of Middle- 
burg. Even the deer took warning from the shriek 
of the locomotive and the too numrioiis rifles of the 
settlers, and abandoned the ground they had so long 
maintained. Mr. L. A. Fowls, whose skill as a 
hunter canses him to be frequently mentioned in our 
sketch, says that he killed five deer the year after the 
construction of the railroad, which were the last that 
were heard of in tlie township. 

Since 1849 the increase of Berea has been rapid and 
permanent, and the township outside has also greatly 
improved. Soon after that time Mr. Baldwin built a 
I'ailroad, on which to freight stone from his quarry, 
running along the main road from Berea to the rail- 
road about a mile distant, using the old-fashioned 
flat rail, over which he hauled cars loaded with stone 
by means of ox-teams. As business increased, and 
the track became crowded with cars, " pony'' engines 
were employed in place of oxen. Mr. Baldwin main- 
tained the road about ten years, when the railroad 
company built a new track, nearer the river, on which 
steam alone is used. 

Meanwhile the Berea grindstones had been intro- 
duced into New York City, and had been found equal 
or superior to those previously imported at great ex- 
pense. Meanwhile, too, Berea stone had begun to be 
largely employed for building purposes. As early as 
1S46 David E. Stearns had begun running a saw with 
which the huge blocks of stone could be cut into 
slabs of convenient size for use in architecture. The 
building stone business, like the grindstone business, 
increased immensely, and now Berea stone is used in 
enormous quantities in nearly all parts of the United 
States, not ouly for solid walls, but for cornices, 
mouldings and similar architectural purposes. Some 
of the facts regarding this important business are 
given farther on. The situation and extent of the 
great mass of rock, of which the Berea stone is an 
outcrop, as well as the constituents of which it is 
formed, are shown in the chai)tfr of the general his- 
tory devoted to geology. 

By the side of these material interests, the higher 
mental and moral welfare of the community was not 
neglected. In 1855 Baldwin Institute was transferred 
into Baldwin University, of which a full account is 
given on page two hundred and two in the general 
history of the county. At a later day the German 
Wallace College was established, which is described 
in the same chapter as the university. The temper- 
ance sentiment, which, as before stated, had been 
awakened as early as 1832, continued to incicase, and 
even the presence of a large number of miners, work- 
ing in tlie quarries, has failed to overcome it. A 
clause has been put in most of the original deeds of 



lots in Berea, forbidding the sale of intoxicating 
liquors upon them, and very few if any places for the 
sale of such liquors have ever been allowed in the vil- 
lage. Undoubtedly considerable liquor has been sold 
and drank in underhanded ways, but it is believed 
that Berea will compare favorably in this respect with 
any other village of its size in the State. 

In the township at large the signs of material im- 
provement were everywhere seen. The log houses of 
the pioneers, many of which remained to a later date 
than in any other township in the county, gave jilace 
to neat framed buildings; the wet lands were drained, 
and ample crops rewarded the enterprise of the farmers. 

When the life of the nation was assailed the sons of 
Middleburg showed that material prosperity had not 
demoralized their courage nor benumbed their vigor. 
The names of the Middleburg soldiers will be found 
with the sketches of the regiments in whicli they served. 

Since the war the progress of the township has been 
equally marked, although of course the financial crisis 
of 1873 seriously decreased the demand for Berea 
stone. A peculiar industry of the last few years has 
been the raising of onions and other vegetables in the 
vicinity of Lake Abram. The "muck," of which 
the shores of that lake are composed, was found to be 
esiiecially adapted to this kind of culture, and large 
tracts were thus employed. In 1876 the outlet was 
enlarged and a portion of the lake was drained, the 
ground thus obtained having since been devoted prin- 
cipally to the culture of onions. Immense quantities 
are raised; being shipped to Cleveland and numerous 
other cities of Ohio, and to the principal places along 
the lower Mississippi, including many large shipments 
to New Orleans. Of the ''Bed Wethersfield" onions 
eight hundred bushels per acre are sometimes produced. 

Before giving the separate sketches of churches, 
etc., with which our township histories usually close, 
we turn once more to the quarries and stone mills at 
Berea. Notwithstanding the financial depression of 
the last few years (from which, however, this indus- 
try, with others, is already recovering) there are few 
more lively scenes to be observed than that which en- 
livens the banks of Rocky river. Hundreds of laborers 
are at work, removing the earth and shale from above 
the sandstone, "trenching," or cutting a face against 
which to work, and "capping," which is channeling 
into the rock with jiicks. AVhen the stone is thus 
cut into blocks weighing from one ton upwards, these 
are seized by mighty steam derricks, whicli lift their 
spectral arms amid the muddy desolation around, and 
are swung gently to a stone-mill or to a truck on one 
of the little railroads which wind in and out beside the 
river. Blocks of near a thousand tons have been 
moved a short distance by wedges. 

In the mill the block is placed on a frame when it 
is sliced up by a gang of saws very much as a big 
pine log is managed in a sawmill, though somewhat 
more slowly. But the "saws" are not like any 
others — being merely straiglit, thin pieces of steel, 
witiiout teeth which work their wav through the 




The gentleman whose name appears at the head of this 
sketch is descended from one of the old New England families. 
His grandfather, Bi'njamin, was a resident of Connecticut; 
was born May 26, 1755, and was married June 27, 1778, his 
wife having been born Sept. 9, 1765. They lived to a good 
old age, the former dying Feb. 22, 1823, the latter April 19, 
1841. 

Henry Parker's father, Henrj', was born at WulUngford, 
Conn., June 4, 1792, where he remained till 1815, when he 
emigrated West and settled in the town of Brunswick, Medina 
Co., Ohio. During the trip from Connecticut, which was 
accomplished by teams across the country, he became acquainted 
with his future wife. Miss Melinda Harvey, and on March IG 
of the following year they were married, being the first white 
couple to wed in the town of Brunswick. She was born in 
Tyringham, Mass., April 9, 179G. Their family consisted of 
four children, the subject of our sketch being the youngest 
child and only son. He was born in Brunswick, April 28, 
1824. His father, who was engaged in agricultural pursuits, 
died when Henry was only two years old. Some years after 
his mother was married to Abraham Conj'ne, of Strongs- 
villc, Cuyahoga Co., a miller by trade, and removed her 
family to that point in 1830. 

Dr. Parker's early life was passed in assisting his stepfather 
in his grist- and saw-mill, and he had therefore a poor oppor- 
tunity of receiving an education, which was limited to what 
could be procured at the common schools in the district. He 
remained in Slrongsvillo till 1844, when ho journeyed West 
and located at Laporte, Ind., where he followed the trade of 
painting. He remained there till the following year, when he 
removed to Bcrea, Ohio, and was employed in a woolen-mill at 
seven dollars and board per month. In 1846 he commenced 
the study of medicine, and was graduated from the American 
Medical College at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1854. He has always 
practiced at Berea, but his business has e.vtended into the five 
adjoining towns. He has been since 1871 a member of the 
Ohio State Eclectic Medical Association, and is the present 



president of that organization. In 1872 he became a member 
of the National Eclectic Association. 

He was married, Nov. 23, 1847, to Elizabeth, daughter of 
Sullivan and Aurilla Sherwood, of Royalston, Cuyahoga Co. 
Her parents were among the early settlers of that town, her 
father having driven the first ox-team into the township, 
where she was born Aug. 18, 1824. By this union he had 
four children, one of whom died in infancy ; the others are as 
follows : Henry E., born Nov. 20, lf<51, married, and a partner 
with his father in the practice of medicine; James M., born 
Oct. 13, 18.53, at Attica, Seneca Co., Ohio; and Charles W., 
born Aug. 2G, 18G0, secretary and treasurer of the Berea 
Savings Loan Association, of which institution Dr. Parker 
was one of the original founders and incorporators, and of 
which he has been the president since its organization. A 
Kepublican in politics. Dr. Parker was formerly a Free-Soiler, 
and between 1840 and 1843 was instrumental in helping many 
a runaway to Canada. He has never been an aspirant for 
political honors, but has represented his fellow-citizens at 
difl'erent times in the various village and township offices, 
and has performed his duties with satisfaction to his constitu- 
ency. During the year 18G2, while the war of the Rebellion 
was in progress, he was appointed by Dr. J. S. Newberry, of 
Cleveland (who was general manager of the Western Sanitary 
Commission), and received a commission from Edwin M. 
Stanton, secretary of war, and Surg.-Gcn. Hammond to 
perform the duties of camp and hospital inspector. In this 
capacity he served two years and a half, giving satisfaction 
to the general government and his fellow-soldiers. While in 
the service he was located in Western Virginia; was with 
the army of the Cumberland, and with the 14th Army Corps, 
under Gen. Sherman. Dr. Parker, in allowing his portrait 
and biography to appear in this work, is simply showing to 
coining generations an example of what industry, energy, 
and perseverance can accomplish. He is emphatically a self- 
made man, and in his varied career as a citizen, neighbor, or 
physician merits the respect and honor of all. 



AIIIiI>LEBrK<i. 



477 



stone by friction; their progress being facilitated by 
a ))]eiitiful aii])lication of water. 

But it is in the grindstone factories (bat a stranger 
sees tbe most interesting processes carried on. The 
metliod of operation has not been materially cliangcd 
in jirinciple since Jolin Baldwin fastened his iron 
sliaft to the old water-wheel forty-seven years ago, 
keyed a roiigli grindstone to tliesliaft, and tiien held a 
bar against its sides and edge; but the process has been 
nmch facilitated by practice. The mills areojicratcd 
by steam, and the shafts whirl with liglitning like 
raj)idity. A stone is j)laced njion one of them, and 
in an instant is flying around at tbe rate of several 
hundred revolutions ])er minute. Two sturdy men 
stand beside it, with heavy iron bars, which they ap- 
ply to tbe revolving stone. Crash — crash — ^crash — a 
liluzc shoots from every one of a thousand angles — 
the dust rolls out in clouds, but is quickly borne away 
Ijy tbe patent "blower"' which is one of the principal 
improvements lately adopted- — crash — crash — the 
sparks grow finer as the stone becomes smoother — and 
at the end of from two to five minutes, accord ng to 
size, the stone is flung from the shaft, finished. 

The blower in question was invented by John 
Baldwin, Jr., and has l)cen of the greatest benefit to 
the laborers. Formerly many died of what was 
called " grindstone consumption;" their lungs being 
found, after death, to be tilled witli the fine. Hour- 
like dust, with which the air was impregnated during 
the turning process. The disease has now disap- 
jteared. 

We give below a list of the pi-iiici]ial companies 
and firms engaged in the stone business at Beiea. 
with some facts regarding them: 

THE BEKEA STOXE COMI-ANV. 

In February, 1871, the interests of Lyman Baker 
& Co., F. M. Stearns, W. R. Wood & Co., Geoige W. 
Whitney and C. W. Stearns were con.=olidatcd, and 
the persons named organized a joint-stock company 
to be known as the Bcrca Stone Company, with a cap- 
ital of $5(10,000. Lyman Baker was chosen president 
and V. M. Stearns, vice president, secretary and tiea- 
surer. F. M. Stearns is now the president and Lyman 
Baker the secreta)-y and treasure)-, and tbev, with 
Robert Wallace, (ieorge Nokes and C. W. Stearns, 
form tbe board of directors. The comjiany's quarries 
cover aljout forty acres, and give employment to one 
hundred men. Its productions include building-stone, 
grindstones scythe-stones, etc., etc. The building 
stone is marketed from the Atlantic to the Missis- 
sippi, and even west of that stream. The grind- 
stones Inive a still wider market; three thousand tons 
of which are manufactured yearly, and shipped to all 
parts of the world. 

THE liALDWIX QIARUY COMPAXY. 

This company was chartered in 1873, with a capital 
of ^100,000. Its quarries occupy about ten acres, 
yielding hiiilding-stonc, llagging, curbing, grind- 



stones, etc., and employing from forty to si.xty men. 
John Baldwin, Jr., is the president, and J. Le Duke, 
secretary and treasurer, as they have been since the 
organization of the company. The}', with James 
Dunn and J. B. Kramer, compose the board of di- 
I'cctors. 

KussELi, & FoKf'iiE succeeded in ISTS to the Dia- 
mond Quarry Company. They now work about four 
acres of quarries and employ fifteen men. They get 
out nothing but building-stone and flagging. Their 
quarries are claimed to have produced thirl y thou- 
sand tons of stone in 1878. 

The Emi'IKE Stone Compaxy, represented by the 
firm of Stearns & Wallace, began business in 1874. 
It has three acres of (piarries and emjjloys ten men. 
It ships about three hundred tons of grindstones 
yearly, and from forty to one hundred tons of build- 
ing-stone daily. 

J. McDekmott & Co., whose operations at Berea 
date from 1853, became a chartered corporation in 
1873, with a capital of $250,000. Tliey employ one 
hundred and fifty men, their quarries cover from 
thirty to forty acres, and they ship daily four hun- 
dred tons of building-stone, grindstones, etc. They 
forward large quantities of building-stone to Canada, 
while their grindstones are sent to Europe, Australia 
and other foreign regions. The officers of the cor- 
poration are Wm. McDermott, president; E. C. 
Pope, secretary and treasurer: M. MeDeriiiott is the 
superintendent. 

PRINCIPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS, 

so FAR AS THEY CAN BE OBTAINED FROM TBE RECORHS. 

181'.). Justice of the peace, Ephiaiui Vaughn; towuship clerk, Jared 
Hickox. 

1882. Trustee, Amos Briggs; justice of the peace, Jared Hickox; ap- 
praiser, Ho.sea Bradford. 

182.3 Trustees, David Harrington, Abraham Fowls, Richard Vaughn; 
clerk. Wheeler VVellman; overseers of the poor, Jared Hickox, Ephraim 
Fowls; lister. Jared Hickox; appraiser, Ephraim Vaughn; treasuser 
Silas Gardner, 

1S2J. Trustees, D. Harrington, E. Vaughn, Thaddeus Ball; overseers 
of the poor, Benj. Colby, Silas Gardner; lister, J. Vaughn; appraiser, 
E. Fowls; treasurer, A. Fowls. 

Wlo, Trustees, Buel Peck, Silas Becket, Ellas C. Frost; cleik, John 
Barnum; overseers of the poor, Elliot Smith, jV. Fowls; lister and ap 
praiser, J. Vaughn; treasurer, Isaac Frost. 

1831). Trustees, E. C. Frost, B. Peck, S. Becket; clerk, J. Barnum; 
overseers of the poor, Watrous Usher, Wheeler Wellman; treasurer, 
Isaac Frost; lister, Lewis Adams; appraiser, John Adams. 

ISar. Trustees, A. Fowls. J. Vaughn. Valentine Gardner; clerk, Benj. 
Tuttle; overseers of the poor, S. Gardner, S. Becket; treasurer, Amos 
Gardner; justice of the peace, Eli Osborn. 

18-38. Trustees, E. Fowls, S. Gardner, E. Vau;;hn; clerk, Eli Osborn; 
overseers of the poor Philo Fowls, Paul Gardner; treasurer, A. Gardner 

1839. Trustees, V. Gardner, Benj. Colby, Sheldon Frary ; overseers of 
the poor, S. Gardner, A.. Fowls; treasurer, A. Gardner. 

18.30. Trustees, Solomon Lovejoy, A. Fowls, S. Becket; clerk, John 
Baldwin; overseers of the poor, .S. Lovejoy, S. Becket. 

18.31. Trustees, E. Fowls, E. Vaughn, Patrick Humaston; clerk, Jler- 
rilt Osborn; overseers of the poor, John Baldwin, Abijah Bagley ; treas- 
urer, S. Gardner. 

18.32. Trustees, Mojor Bossett, Merritt Osborn, A. V. Green; clerk, P. 
Humaston; overseers-of the poor, A. Fowls, S. Becket; treasurer, Philo 
Fowls. 

1833. Trustees, S. Lovejoy, E. Fowls, B. Colby; clerk, A. Gardner; 
overseers of the poor. A. Fowls, S. Gardner; treasurer, P. Gardner. 

1834. Trustees, A. Fowls, .1. Vaughu, Chos. Green: clerk, Russell 
Gardner; oversiers of the poor, D. Fowls, S. Gardner; treasurer, P. 
Gardner. 

18.3."). Trustees, A. Fowls, Clark Goss. Libbeus Pomeroy : clerk, J 
Baldwin; overseers of the poor, S. Gardner. P. Gardner: treasurer, V. 
Gardner. 



418 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



1836. Trustees, A. Fowls, C. Goss, J. Baldwin; clerk, J. Baldwin; 
overseers of the poor, P. Gardner, S. Gardner; treasurer, V. Gardner; 
justices, Benj. Colby, Jere. Fuller. 

IKi". Trustees, C. Goss, Enoch G. Watrous, Major Bassett; clerk, 
Chas. Bassett; overseers of the poor, S. Gardner. P. Gardner; school 
examiners, J. Baldwin, J. Fuller, Henry O. Sheldon: justice, Henry R. 
Ferris. 

1838. Trustees, A. Fowls, Moses Cousins. L. Pomeroy; clerk, J. Ful- 
ler; ovei-seers of the poor, A. Fowls, E. G. Watrous. 

1839. Trustees, .\. Fowls, M. Cousins, L. Pomeroy; clerk, C. Goss; 
overseers of tht- poor. M. Cousins. C. Goss. 

IS-IO. Trustees, M Cousins, A raasa B. Andrews, Jerome Raymond; 
clerk, George B. Whitney; overseers of the poor, David Smith, Silas 
Becket; treasurer, Isaac Meacham. 

1841. Trustees, M. Cousins, Justus Sheldon, Nelson Pomeroy; clerk. 
Philemon Barber; overseers of the poor, J. Sheldon, S. Gardner; treas- 
urer, L. Pomeroy; justice, P. Barber. 

1K42, Trustees, J. Sheldon, N. Pomeroy, John W. Fairchild; clerk_ 
P. Barber; overseers of the poor, E. C Watrous, Jerome Raymond; 
treastirer, G. R. Whitney; assessor. Wm. Sheldon. 

ima. Ti-ustees. M. Cousins, J. Sheldon, M. Bassett; clerk, P. Barber; 
overseers of the poor. W. Sheldon, J. Fuller; treasurer, G. R. WTjitney ; 
assessor, Daniel Fairchild. 

1844. Trustees A. Fowls, C. Goss, N. Pomeroy; clerk, Morris Hep- 
burn; overseers of the poor, J. Baldwin, S. Gardner; treasurer, David 
Goss; assessor, W. Sheldon. 

1845. Trustees, M. Cousins, Lawson Brown, David Smith; clerk, J, 
McB. Lewis; overseers of the poor, A. Fowls, J. Sheldon; treasurer, D. 
Goss. 

184G. Trustees, A. Fowls, J. Sheldon. E. C. Coltier; clerk, S. H. Wool- 
sey; treasurer, J. Fuller; assessor, M. Hepburn. 

1817. Trustees, A. Fowls, J. Sheldon. E. C. Coltier; clerk and assessor, 
M. Hepburn; treasurer, J. Fullei-. 

1M8. Trustees, A. Fowls, J. Sheldon, J. FulIei': clerk and assessor, 
M. Hepburn; treasurer. J. Fuller. 

1849. Trustees, M. Cousins. Lawrence Freeman, David Gardner; 
clerk and assessor, M. Hepburn; treasurer, J. Fuller. 

IfSO. Trustees, M. Cousins, D. Gardner, Lewis A. Fmvls; clerk andas- 
sessor, M. Hepburn ; treasurer. J. Fuller. 

1851. Trustees. M. Cousins, D. Gardner, L. A. Fowls; clerk and asses- 
sor, M. Hepburn; treasurer, J. Fuller. 

185S. Trustees, M. Cousins, D. Gardner, L. A. Fowls; clerk and as- 
sessor, M. Hepburn; treasurer, J. Fuller. 

185:). Trustees. D. Gardner, J. Sheldon, A. Lovejoy; clerk and asses- 
sor, M. Hepburn; treasurer, J. Fuller. 

1S.M. Trustees, J. Slieidon. A. Lovejoy. James Wallace; clerk, M. 
Hepburn; treasurer, Jonathan Pickard; assessor. L. A. Fowl's. 

ISS.?. Trustees, J. Sheldon, A. Lovejoy, David Gardner; clerk, Har- 
mon P. Hepburn: treasurer, J. Pickard; assessor, E. F. Chester. 

1838. Trustees, G. E. Whitney, C. C. Bennett, Solon W. Smith; clerk, 
John Watson; treasurer, Silas Clapp; assessor, Adna Warner. 

18.")T. Trustees, G. R. Whitney, C. C. Bennett. S. W. Smitli: clerk. 
John Watson; treasurer, Silas Clapp; assessor, Levi B. Warner. 

1858. Trustees, S. W. Smith, Wm. Sutton, Eli Duusher; clerk, J. 
Watson; treasurer, S Clapp; assessor, L. li. Warner. 

1859. Trustees, S. W. Smith, W. Sutton, Jas. S. Smedley; treasurer, 
S. Clapp; assessor, L. B. Warner. 

181)11. Trustees, S. W. Smith, Wm. Sutton. Wm. Newton; clerk, Geo. 
S. Clapp; treasurer, Silas Clapp; assessor. L. B. Wainer. 

18()1. Trustees, S. W. Smith, W. Sutton, J. S. Smedley; clerk, Wm. B. 
Rogers; treasurer, Robt. Wallace; assessor. L, B. Warner. 

18fi3. Trustees, L. A. Fowls, W. Sutton. J. S. Smedley; clerk. J. 
Watson: treasurer, R. Wallace; assessor. L. B. Warner. 

1803. Trustees, L. A. Fowls, W. Sutton, J. S. Smedley: clerk. .1. 
Watson: treasurer, S. Clapp; assessor, L. B. Warner. 

1861. Trustees, J. Sheldon, Conrad Stumpf, Wm. Pritchard: clerk, 
J. Watson; treasurer, Geo. Nokes; assessor, B. Wallace. 

isii.5. Trustees. J. Sheldon, W. Pritchaid, C. C. Bennett; clerk, A. S' 
Allen; treasurer, John S. Miller; assessor, John Watson. 

18«(i. Truftees, C. C. Bennett. T. Quayle. E. B. Gardner; clerk, A. S. 
Allen; treas rer, ,Iohn S. Miller; assessor, Geo. Kokes. 

1867. Trustees, Henry Bevares, P. B. Gardner, Amos Fay; clerk J. 
r. Mills; treasurer, J. S. Smedley; assessor, X. D. Meacham. 

18r)8. Trustees, P. B. Gardner, Amos Fay, S. W. Perry; clerk, J. P. 
Mills; treasurer, T. J. Quayle; assessor. N. D. Meacham. 

1869. Trustees. V. W. Perry. Wm. Engles, John McCroden; clerk. E. 
C. Martin; treasurer, T. J. Quayle: assessor, Geo. Nokes. 

1870. Trustees. S. W Perry, C. C. Bennett, Wm. Lum; clerk, E. C. 
Martin: treasurer, W. W. Noble; assessor, Geo Nokes; 

1871. Trustees, S. W . Perry, C. C. Bennett, Wm. Lum: clerk. S. S. 
Cannifl; treasurer, W. W. Noble; assessor, Geo. Nokes. 

1872. Trustees, S. W. Perry. C. C. Bennett, Wm. Lum: clerk, John C. 
Nokes; treasurer, E. J. Kennedy: assessor, H. W. Jourdon. 

1874. Trustees. Wm. Lum, E. Reublin. Wm. Huma ton; clerk, C. W. 
Moley; treasurer, T. C. Mattison; assessor, Geo. Nokes. 

1875. Trustees, Wm. Lum, E. Reublin, Wm. Humaston; clerk, C. W. 
Moley: treasurer, T. C. Mattison; assessor, Geo. Nokes. 



1876. Trustees, E. Reublin, Wm. I,um, J. C. Nokes; clerk, E. C. Mar. 
tin; treasurer. Joseph Nichols; assessor, Geo. Nokes. 

1877. Trustees. E. Reublin, Wm. Lum, J. C. Nokes; clerk, E. C. Mar- 
tin; treasui'er, J. Nichols, assessor, Geo. Nokes. 

1878. Trustees, John S. Miller. E. Reublin, J. C. Nokes: clerk, E. C. 
Martin: treasurer, E. Christian; assessor, Geo. Nokes. 

1.S79. Trustees, William Lum, John W. Landphair, Abner Hunt; 
clerk, E. C. Martin: treasurer, E. Christian; assessor. George Nokes. 

METHODIST CHUUCII OF BKREA. 

As already stated, there was a Methodist society 
formed at Berea, soon after the wtir of 1812, which 
was supplied by circnit preachers. The coiigreg;iti(in 
was small, however, and no record remains of its oft- 
changing pastors. Eev. Henry 0. Sheldon, ashastilso 
been mentioned, was the first resident minister; com- 
ing in 1836, and officiating more or less for several 
years. The first anthentic record is tliat of 1840, 
when Rev. William 0. Pierce was the pastor. The 
Berea station had previously been a part of Brooklyn 
circuit, but was now united with Olmstead and Hoad- 
ley's Mills; the whole becoming Berea circut. A 
substantial stone church was begun as early as 1850, 
hut was not dedicated until the last of 1858. It is 
on the east side of Rocky river near the university. 
Tiie following is a list of the pastors since 1840, with 
their years of service: 

Thomas Tiiom]ison, 1847-48: J. M. Morrow and 
U. Nichols. 1849; J. M. Morrow, 1850; Hiram Hum- 
phrey and A. Rumtield, 1851; Liberty Prentiss, 
1852; C. B. Brandeberry, 1853; Charles Hartley, 
1854; AVilliam B. Disbro and Jolin Wheeler, 1855; 
William B. Disbro, 1856; George W. Breckenridge, 
1857-58; T. J. Pope, 1859-CO; D. D. T. Mattison 
and T. J. Gard, 1861; D. D. T. Mattisou, 18G2; 
Hugh L. Parish, 1863-64; E. H. Bush, 1 860-66; S. 
Mower, first cliarge — W. C. Pierce, college charge, 
1807; S. Mower, first charge — A. Schuyler, college 
charge, 1868; S. Mower, first charge — W. C. Pieice, 
college charge, 1869; J. Graham, first charge — W. 1). 
Godmtiu, college charge, 1870; T. K. Dissette, first 
chtirge — W. D. Godmaii, college charge, 1871; T. K. 
Dissette (for the wliole), 1872-73; John S. Broadwell, 
iy;'4_7.5_7G; J. \V. Buxton, 1877-78-79. 

THE GERMAN METHODIST CHURCH. 

Nearly twenty-five years ago it was observed th;it, 
there were a number of Germans at Berea, who could 
not well understand English, and who seenied to bo 
as slieep without a shepherd. Presiding Elder Roth- 
weiler, of the German Methodist Church, was asked to 
send them a preacher, which he accordingly did. A 
little over twenty years ago a society was formed, and 
services were regularly held, though in tem])c)raiy 
ijuarters. Since the erection of German Widlate 
College the services have always been held in the col- 
lege-chapel; the church owning no real estate. 

Only in rare instances has it had a pastor who wtis 
not in some way connected with tho college. Gener- 
ally one of the professors has officiated as the pastor. 
At present Rev. P. F. Schneider is the preacher in 
charoe. The total number of full members is now 




--1^^^',^^^" 



In 1835, William Knowlton, a jjliysician and a 
native of Massachusetts, removed with his wife and 
children from New York to Ohio, locating first at 
Olmsted Falls, and subsequently in Brecksvillc, where 
he died in 1855. Of one of his sons, A. P., who was 
born in Mina, Chautauqua Co., N.Y., thissketch treats. 

Somewhat favored by circtnnstances beyond the 
common lot of the youth of his time, young Knowl- 
ton received the valuable benefits of a thorough edu- 
cational course at an academy of high repute, and 
following the bent of iiis inclination entered tlie 
Cleveland ISIedicjd College, where he was graduated 
in 1857. Earnest in his chosen calling, and zealous 
in urging his skill forward to a state of high de- 
velopment, he became widely known as a capable 
jihysician and surgeon, and pursuing his practice in 
various parts of the State, locat<;d eventually and 
l)erniauently in Berea, where he now resides. 

To his duties as family physician he h:us frequently 
added his services in broader capacities, incidental to 
which it may l)e observeil that he was at one period 
assistant physician at the Northern Ohio I^iniatic 
Asylum, and has for some time been an active and 
honored member of the Cuyahoga Medical Society 
and of the (^hio State Medical Association. 



His [lolitical faith has always attached him to the 
Democracy, and on two occa-sions he has been put 
forward as the nominee of that |)arty for the State 
Senate from his district, which being, however, over- 
whelmingly Republican, in both instances declared 
for his o])ponents. 

lie was married Nov. 10, 1863, to Miss Augusta 
Snow, whom he lost by death Dec. 14, 1864. His 
second wife was Hannah H., daughter of Capt. C. 
P. Dryden, of Olmsted, whom lie married Jan. 16, 
1 868. Two children blessed his second union, — Con- 
stance A., born Aug. 30, 1872, and Louis G., born 
Jan. 30, 1876. 

During the war of the Rebellion Dr. Knowlton 
was connected with an army medical corps, and was 
attached to the Sixth Ohio Cavalry, but becoming 
seriously disabled by a sunstroke at the battle of 
Gettysburg, he was compelled to resign liis place in 
tlie service. 

As a skillful member of his profession lie enjoys 
d&served high repute not only at his own home, but 
in the county at large ; and especially in the science 
of surgery, to which he has devoted his ])articular 
care, he stands confessedly one of its best exponents 
in Cuyahoga. 



JIIDDLEBURG. 



479 



one hundred and fifty-seven; a portion of them being 
individuals belonging to the college and orphan asy- 
1 II III. Services are held twice every Sunday, all in 
( Irrinan. 

FIRST CONGKHIiATIONAL CHrilCIl OF liFUKA. 

'i'his c'Juircli was orgaiii/.ed on the '.Mli day of June, 
liSf)"), the fir:;t members being Caleb and Myra Proc- 
tor, David and Isabella Wylin, John and Nancy Wat- 
son and Mary J. Craue. Ten more members were 
added in the following ISeptember. The first pastor 
was Rev. Stephen t'ook. The first deacons were 
dames S. Smedley and C'aleb Proctor; the first trus- 
tees, James S. Smedley, James L. Craue, B. F. Cogs- 
well, Isaac Knecland and Caleb Proctor. Tfie same 
year a small brick house of worship was built on the 
Kit occu|)icd by the present church edifice, it being 
dedicated on the (ith of March, 18.5G. This was the 
first meeting-house completed in the township. 

The church grew but slowly, and when the troubles 
and depression incident to the great war for the 
LTnion came, it was obliged in November, 18G3, to 
siisjiend its services. 

In September, 18G8, the church was reorganized. 
It soon entered on a flourishing career, and increased 
rapidly in numbers and vigor. The present large 
and commodious edifice was dedicated in 1873. In 
the spring of 18T3 there was a most fruitful revival, 
and no less than thirty-seven were added on the 27th 
day of April alone, under the ministrations of the 
liev. Mr. Westervelt. The church still continues in 
a most flourishing condition. Tiie following is a list 
of the pastors with their terms of service: 

Stephen Cook, 185.5 and 'o(j; E. P. Clislicc, 1850 
and '57; Z. P.- Disbro, 1S60; E. P. Clisbee began 
April, 18G1, closed November, 1863; L. Smith, from 
September, 18G8, part of the time till January, 1870; 
II. C. Johnson, 1870, "71 and '73;(i.F. Waters, 1872 
and '73; Rev. Mr. Westervelt began early in 1873, 
served a few months; fl. N. (Jored, June. l.s;3, to 
August, 1875; J. S. Whitiiian, is;(;: K. II. NOtaw, 
1877, '78 and '79. 

ST. MAKY'S flirEtcll (ROMAN I' ATlIOLIc). 

This chiireh was foriiicd in 1S55. The first resi- 
dent ])riest was Father Isolds .J. Filiere. Although 
he officiated at Kerea he resided at Olmstead Falls 
until 18GG. A snudl framed lioiisc of worship was 
erected soon after tiie formation of the society on tiie 
same site as the present one. It 18G6 it was removed 
and the present edifice was begun. It is a hundred 
feet long by forty-eight wide, built of dressed Berea 
stone, and costing about twenty thousand dollars. 
Father Filiere was succeeded in February, 1876, by 
Father John Ilannan, and he in 1879 by Father T. 
J. Carroll, the present incumbent. The councilnien 
are Thomas Donovan, Josejih Buling and James Bar- 
rett. The congregation now numbers about one 
hundred and tweiitv families. 



ST. THOMAS' CHURCH (EI'ISCOI'AL). 

St. Thomas' Church was originally organized at 
Berea on the 9th of October, 18G4. P. Ilarley was 
the senior warden and T. McCroden the junior war- 
den. Rev. George B. Sturgis preached two years, but 
the n limber of Episcopalians at Berea was so small 
that in 1866 they were obliged to abandon the organ- 
ization. 

In the autumn of 1873 St. Thomas' w^as reorgan- 
ized and consolidated with St. Philip's, foimerly of 
Albion, and St. Luke's, of Columbia. The first offi- 
cers under the new organization were George John- 
son, senior warden; Josejih Nichols, junior warden; 
William James, W. W. Goodwin, E. F. Benedict, M. 
McDermott, C. W. Stearns, Thomas Churchward 
and J. S. Ashley, vestrymen. A framed building 
was moved from the west to the east side of the river 
and fitted uj) as a church in 1873, and is still occu- 
pied as such; the congregation numbering about fifty 
niendjers. 

The rectors have been as follows: R. R. Nash, a 
short time in 1873; A. V. Gorrell, 1873 to 1875; J. M. 
Hillyer, 1875 to 1879. The present officers are Joseph 
Nicholas, senior warden; E. F. Benedict, junior 
warden; M. McDermott, Wm. A. James, S. Goette, 
Wm. McCroden, B. Crawford. 

ST. Paul's church (hf.rmak i.utiidran). 

Religious meetings began to be held among the 
Germans in the north part of the township as early 
as 1866. On the 38th of July, 1807, a church was 
organized by Rev. G. H. Fuehr, called the Evangeli- 
cal Lutheran congregation of St. Paul. A framed 
church edifice had been built the same spring. There 
were then but fourteen members. Rev. Mr. Fuehr 
remained in charge of the church until 1875, when 
he was succeeded by Rev. F. Sehnieltz. the present 
incumbent. 

There ai-e now about seventy-five families belonging 
to the cluirch, with nearly two hundred members over 
fourteen years of age. The trustees are M. Iloltz- 
worth, F. Steller and L. Scliultz. A school is con- 
nected with the cluirch, which is taught by the pastor 
and numbers fifty scholars. There is also a Sabbath 
school of sixty or seventy scholars. 

ST. ADFIJiKKTIs' CHURCH (I'OLISH CATHOLIC). 

This chureli was organized early in 187-4 by Rev. 
Victor Zarecznyi, its present and only pastor. A 
large church l)uilding was erected the same year 
about half way between the main part of Berea vil- 
lage and the depot. It is eighty feet by forty-two and 
cost six thousand dollars. ''The Sisters of Humility 
of Mary"' teach a school in the church edifice, having 
from ninety to a hundred scholars. There are now 
about eighty families connected with the church. 

BEREA LODGE, XO. 382, F. AND A. M. 

This society was organized on the 20th day of Feb- 
ruary, 1867; the charter members being F. Jv. \'an 



480 



THE TOWNSHIPS OP CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Tyue, G. M. Barber, S. Y. Wadsworth, C. Vansise, 
G. B. Stnrgess, D. S. Fracker, N. D. Meacliam, W. 
P. Gardner. F. E. Van Tyne was the first, master; 
G. M. Barber the first senior warden, and S. Y. Wads- 
worth tlie first junior warden. The list of masters, 
with their terms of service is as follows: F. E. Van 
Tyne, 1867 and '08; G. M. Barber, 1860; S. Y. Wads- 
worth, 1870 and '71: D. E. Watson, 1872; F. E. Van 
Tyue, 1873; W. W. Goodwin, 1874; W. A. Eeed, 
1875 and '76; Joseph Nichols, 1877 and '78; C. W. L. 
Miller, 1879. Tlie present number of members is 
sixty-three. 

BERBA OHAPTER, NO. 134, R. A. M. 

The charter of this chapter was granted October 2, 
1872; the charter members being F. E. Van Tyne, 
D. E. Watson, W. W. Noble, Edward Cliristian, W. 
L. Stearns, G. M. Biuber, Eobert W. Henry, Tlieo- 
dore M. Fowl, S. E. j\Ieacham, H. D. Chapin, Aaron 
Schuyler, Samuel Hittel. F. E. Van Tyne was the 
first high priest; E. W. Henry, tlie first king; and W. 
L. Stearns the first scribe. 

The chapter now numbers thirty members, and 
meets in the room on the third floor of the " Brick 
Hall." 

OTHER SOCIETIES. 

The following are other societies situated at Berea: 

Eocky Eiver Lodge, No. 236, I. 0. 0. F. ; C. B. 
Loom is, N. G., Fred Beebe, E. S. 

Berea Encampment, No. 152, L 0. O. F. ; B. W. 
Sabin, C. P.; D. E. Stearns, scribe. 

Sweet Home Division, Sons of Temperance; C. II. 
Knapp, W. P., George N. Watson, E. S. 

A. 0. IL, Division No. 2; T. S. Morissey, president; 
Martin Galvin, secretary. 

Grindstone Lodge, No. 324, A. 0. U. W.; C. W. 
1). Miller, W. M. : 0. H. Perry, recorder. 

BEREA VII.LA(;E CORPORATION. 

Berea was incoi'iiorated as a vilhige, Marcli 23, 1830. 
The first mayor was Hon. John Baldwin. We have 
not been able to find tlie earliest records. The num- 
ber of votes in 1858 was one hundred and forty; tlie 
number in 1878 was three hundred and twenty-seven 
— showing a probable population of about two thou- 
sand. Since 1857 the mayors of the village have been 
as follows: 

G. M. Barber, 1857 and '58: J. \. Baker, 1859; 
W. N. Watson, 1860 and '61; Joseph Jones, 1802; 
Silas Clapp, 1803; Jacob Eothweiler, 1804: James S. 
Smedley, 1805; John Baldwin, Jr., 1860: Alex. Mc 
Bride, 1807; S. S. Brown, 1808; Lyman Baker, 1869, 
"70 and '71; D. E. Watson, 1872 and '73: S. S. Brown, 
1874 and '75; George Nokes, 18:6 and '::; Joseph 
Nichols, 1878 and '79. 

BEREA TOWX HALL. 

Few villages of the size of Berea can boast of a 
more creditable building belonging to the public than 
this. It was erected in 1874, .lacob Smith being tlie 



superintendent. It is sixty feet long by forty wide, 
and is built of brick; the two sides on the streets, 
however, being faced with stone in "ashlar" or 
rough form. It contains on the first floor a council- 
room, mayor's room, engine room, and three cells for 
prisoners; the second floor is occupied entirely by a 
very fine jniblic hall. 

BUSINESS PLACES, SHOPS, ETC. 

The list of these in Berea now includes the follow- 
ing: Hotel, one; dry goods stores, five; hardware 
stores, two; grocery and provision stores, seven; drug- 
stores, three; harness shops, two; shoe shops, four; 
blacksmith shops, three; wagon sliops, two; jeweler's 
shops, three; millinery shojjs, four; tin shop, one; 
merchant tailors, four; undertaker's shops, two: bar- 
ber's sliops, two; saloons, six. 

PHYSICIANS. 

Henry Parker, A. P. Knowlton, A. S. Allen, F. 
M. Coates, N. E. Wright, William Clark and Lafay- 
ette Kirkpatrick. 

BEREA STREET RAILWAY. 

This work was begun in May, 1876, and completed 
in 1878. It runs from the depot to the central part 
of the village, is a mile and twenty rods long, and 
cost six thousand dollars. It is owned by a joint 
stock company, of which Joseph Nichols is the presi- 
dent, and C. A. Moley, the secretary and treasurer. 

BERE.1 UNION SCHOOL. 

Great attention has always been paid to education 
in this village. The old "Lyceum," the Baldwin 
Institute, the Baldwin LTniversity and German Wal- 
lace College are spoken of elsewhere. As early as 
1851 or 1852, when graded schools and boards of 
education were extremely rare, outside of the large 
cities, a board of education and a Union school 
was established at Berea. James S. Smedley was the 
first teacher (that is, in the Union school), remaining 
three years. Subsequent jirincipals in the old build- 
ing were Messrs. Goddard, Milton Baldwin, Israel 
Snyder, Bassett, Eastman, Goodrich, Kendall, Huck- 
ins. Pope and Hoadley. 

The present large and commodious brick school- 
building was erected in 1869. Subsequently Mr. B. 
B. Hall acted as principal for a year, and Mr. Millets 
for another year. In 1872 Mr. M. A. Sprague became 
principal and superintendent, and the school has ever 
since remained under his able management. There 
are now four hundred pupils enrolled, arranged in 
three grades — high-school, grammar and primary. 
There were about twenty scholars in the high-school 
grade, a little over a hundred in the grammar grade, 
and the remainder in the jirimary. The higli-school 
teaches the higher English branches, the grammar 
grade the ordinary English studies, and the primary 
grade the elementary ones. 



NEWBURG. 



481 



JiO.VHD OF EmCATlON. 

President, B. Cliristiaii; clerk, C. W. Saiiburii; 
treasurer, A. H. Pomeroy; directors, T. C. Mattison, 
M. McDermott, E. G. Worcester; suiicrintciident of 
piililic schools, M. A. Sprague. 

FIUST N'ATIONAL BAN'K OF liKKFA. 

This institution was organized July 1, 1872, with 
aca])ital of §50,000. The first board of directors was 
conij)osed of T. Churchward (president), Jacob Kuiitz 
(vice president), Alanson Pomeroy, W. L.Stcarns, and 
A. P. Ilinnian. li. 0. Johnson was chosen cashier 
at the organization, and was succeeded in 1874 by 
A. Poinero}-, the present incumbent. 

The bank has now a deposit account of 4i30,00O; a 
loan account of i!4."),000, and a circulation of *45,000. 
The directors are T. Churchward (president), W. C. 
Pcirce (vice president), 0. D. Pomeroy, Anson Good- 
win and .\. .1. ('anipbcli. 

BEKKA SAVINGS AXD LOAN ASSOCIATION. 

Although organized on the 27th of November, 
1874, this association did not begin business till 
the 12th of April, 1875. It has a capital stock of 
lifly thmisaud dollars, of which twenty-five thousand 
is paid. There is now between sixty and seventy 
thousand dollars of deposits, and about eight hundred 
depositors. The trustees are Henry Parker, presi- 
dent; Sydney Lawrence, vice-president; Wm. Lnnn, 
A'. C. Stone, C. C. Bennett, Jacob Bailey, F. M. 
Stearns. C. W. Parker is the secretary aiul treas- 
urer. 



CHAPTER LXXIX. 

NEWBURG. 

The Present Townsliip Kailv Settleiiu-nt-Thilip Brower— Marks, Hen- 
ni-tt. Treat and Ross -A New Way of Breaking up a School-liatlibun 
- Civil OrRanization— Principal Townsliip Ofllcers— Schools — Jlanu- 
fautures— The Austin Powder Company— The California Powder Com- 
pany—The Newburg Fertilizer Company. 

Newbukg township, one of the first to bo settled in 
Northern Ohio, long included nearly the whole of 
survey township number seven, in range twelve, of 
the Western Reserve, but the encroachments of the 
city of Cleveland have reduced it to very narrow 
limits. It is now exceedingly irregular in shape, 
somewhat resembling a car))enter's s(|uare in general 
form, and is bounded as follows: North by the city 
of Cleveland and the township of East Cleveland; 
south by the township of Independence; east by 
Warrensville, and west by Brooklyn. The Cuya- 
ahoga river flows along the western border, and Mill 
creek across the southern section — the latter stream 
occasionally providing good water power. The Ohio 
canal passes through the southern edge of the town- 
ship, following the course of the river, and the At- 
lantic and (treat Western and the Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg railways run for a short di.stance across the south- 
eastern portion. 

61 



The present Newburg is a strictly agricultural 
region. The soil is fertile, and farming is profitable, 
esi)ecially near the city, where gardening occupies the 
labors of the people to a large degree. Pasturage is 
plentiful and excellent, and dairies are numerous. 
The largest, average from thirty to" forty cows each, 
and Newl)urg does a nourishing business in supjjlying 
the city with milk. Building stone is (piarried to 
some extent, but receives no marked attention as an 
article of shipment. 

Newburg, as now constituted, is simply a rural set- 
tlement, with convenient access, however, to more 
populous regions. There are within its limits neither 
villages nor churches; but on the other hand, the 
citizens pride themselves on the fact that there is no 
place in the township where licpior is sold. The only 
public buildings are the town-hail and t lie school- 
houses. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The earliest settlements of old Newburg were made 
in that portion now known as the Eighteenth ward 
of Cleveland. ]5ut the pioneers of that tract having 
been mentioned in the history of Cleveland, this chap- 
ter will deal merely with the first settlements in what 
is noiv known as Newburg township. 

Philip Brower, who was among the early comers, 
journeyed in 181(5 with his wife and seven children 
from New York State to Independence township. 
He lived there until his wife died — in 1820 — and then 
settled in Newburg, near the Independence line, 
where David L., his son, had purchased two hundred 
and seventy acres. David lived on the old place 
fifty-four years, and died in 1876, aged eighty-five. 
His widow still survives, residing with her son Perry 
in Cleveland. 

When Mr. Brower moved into Newburg he be- 
came a neighbor of Darius Warner, who came from 
New York in 181G with five children, and took np 
the farm now occupied by James AV'alker, who nuir- 
ried his granddaughter. Darius Warner's sou, Spen- 
cer, carried on the farm after his father's death, and 
on his own death, in 1801, left four children. Two 
of them, Mrs. James Walker and Lydia Warner, live 
in Newburg; Norman resides in Iowa, and John in 
California. 

In the spring of 1820, Nehemiah Marks, Wilson 
Bennett, Richard Treat and a Mr. Clark, all young 
men of Milford, Connecticut, set out in a one-hor.'C 
wagon for Ohio, and, after a journey of thirty-three 
days, brought up in the township which is the sub- 
ject of this chapter. Treat and Clark went farther 
west, but Marks and Bennett tarried in Newburg, 
where they had bought farms of Barr & Bardsley, the 
Connecticut proprietors. Mr. Marks bought one 
hundred acres on the present Bedford road, where he 
still lives, an aged but hale and hearty pioneer, now 
entering upon his eighty-third year. Mr. Bennett 
located or. the farm next adjoining that of ^fr. Marks 
on the northwest. Soon afterward Thomas Ross, an 



483 



THE TOWNSHIPS OV CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



emigrant from tlie State of New York, came from 
Summit eouuty and joined Marks and Bennett, his 
farm being the one now owned by Asa Dunham, one 
mile west of the Marks place. While engaged in 
clearing their farms, Marks, Bennett and Ross kept 
bachelor's hall in Eoss' log shanty until late in the 
fall, when the family of the latter came out from the 
East, and then Marks and Bennett boarded with the 
Eoss household. Meanwhile Marks had put up a log 
house and cleared six acres of land, whereupon, in 
1821, he traveled on foot back to Connecticut for his 
sistei", who accompanied him to Ohio, and kept house 
for him until 1833, when Mr. Marks married. The 
next year she married Cyrus Parmeter, a Vermonter, 
who had assisted Marks in clearing his farm, and re- 
moved to Strongsville. 

As an instance of the diflBculty of traveling with 
vehicles in those days, it may be observed that young- 
Marks walked back to Connecticut in thirteen days 
on the return trip; when he had a team, he consumed 
upwards of a month. When Mr. Marks first came 
out to Newburg he had to cut his way to his farm, 
although in the following summer a road from Cleve- 
land to Hudson was opened, which was followed 
somewhat later by the present Bedford road. 

Eoss died in 1833, of the cholera. Bennett fell 
eventually into evil ways, took to drinking, and died 
a wreck, in 1836. None of the descendants of either 
Eoss or Bennett are living m the township. Mr. 
Marks married, in 1833, a Mrs. Parmeter, a sister of 
the man who married Miss Marks. She came to 
Newburg in 1821, in company with a family of West- 
ern pioneers, and drove a team all the way from New 
England as compensation for lier transportation. 
After reaching Newburg she taught school on the 
Brainard farm, but unfortunately for the school 
it was broken up by the speedy marriage of its 
teacher. 

When Mr. Marks settled in Newburg there wore on 
the Bedford road in Newburg the Jewetts, John and 
Samuel Brooks, and Nehemiah Wallace, with his 
three sons, Ira, Chester and Jefferson, the former two 
being married. Chester is still living in Morrow 
county, in this State. Lewis Harper's farm adjoined 
Wilson Bennett's, but he subsequently moved to that 
part of the township now included in the city. 

Edmund Rathbun, now an old gentleman of 
eighty-five, living in Cleveland with his son-in-law. 
Freeman Brooks, made the journey in a sleigh from 
New York to Newburg, in the winter of 1817, in 
company with Isaac Clark and family. Young Eath- 
bun took up forty- four acres of land near where the 
" five-mile-lock " was afterwards constructed, which 
tract he increased to one hundred and twenty-five 
acres in 1818. In that year his brother George 
joined him, and located on a neighboring farm. He 
removed to Euclid in 1844, and died there in 1877, 
aged eighty-one. Edmund Eathbun sold out his 
Newburg place in 1854, and went to Solon, afterwards 
becoming a resident of Cleveland, as before stated. 



His wife, who is still living, was the daughter of 
Samuel Hamilton, who settled in Newburg village as 
early as 1801. 

Mr. Eathbun's neighbors besides his brother 
George, were Milton, Erastus and Joseph Eathbun; 
a Mr. Burgess, who was killed by the fall of a tree; 
Jonathan Pearse, who located in Newburg about 
1818; John Gould and his son, Myrick; Benjamin 
Parsons, Wildman White, Samuel Andrus and George 
Beakle. 

In the northeast, one of the pioneers was Jedediah 
Hubbell. His house was burned to the ground on 
Sunday, in 1823, while he was at church. The next 
morning his townsmen gathered in force, put u]i a 
new house for him, and moved his family into it be- 
fore nightfall. That is an example of how people 
used to help each other in the "good old days." 
Solomon White was located in the north near the 
present city line. On the old State road, now called 
the Fisher road, were Parker, Shattuck, Amos Bi'ain- 
ard, Silas Owens, Lewis Peet and Isaac Clark; the 
latter having come out with Edmund Eathbun in 
1817. A Mr. Eemington, Lyman Hammond and Mr. 
Eightor were settlers perhaps, as early as 1814, near 
where James Walker lives, but they moved away after 
a very brief stay. 

CIVIL ORGANIZATION. 

Newburg township was formed by an order of the 
county commissioners on the 15th day of October, 
1814. Until 1873 it embraced the thriving village of 
Newburg. In Sepember of that year the village and 
the tract lying between it and the north line of the 
township were annexed to the city of Cleveland. The 
remaining citizens of Newburg determined to preserve 
the residue of their territory intact, and so, on the 
2d of March, 1874, the township was incorporated 
for "special purposes." The only change in the 
form of election, however, is that each year one trus- 
tee is chosen to serve three years. 

Financially the township is in a healthful condi- 
tion. On the 1st of September, 1879, there were in 
the treasury $2,555, against which there was not one 
dollar of indebtedness. The township tax for 1S]'J 
aggregated ninety-three and one-half cents on eacli 
§100. 

While Newbui'g village was a part of the township, 
all the township business was naturally done there, 
and a large part of the officers lived there, probably 
a majority of them. Others lived in the northwestei'u 
part of the old township. These are all "outsiders"' 
so far as the present township is concerned. Yet if 
we give a bit of Newburg officers at all we cannot 
discriminate between them, and we can find no jilace 
more proper for it than in the history of the towji- 
ship which still bears that time-honored name. The 
township books from 1814 to the present time are in 
the possession of the clerk of the present Newburg, 
and from them we transcribe the following list: 




GAIUS BURKE. 



NKWIUKC. 



483 



trustees. 



trustees, 



PRINCIPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 

IHU. Clerk, Erastus Miles; trustees, Giles Barnes, Chas. Miles, Daniel 
Marvin. 

isiii. Clerk, Erastus Miles; treasurer, Theodore Miles: trustees, Jas. 
Kingsbury, Chas. Miles, Giles Barnes. 

isiil. Clerk, Erastus Miles; treasurer, Theodore Miles; tinistees, Giles 
H:irnes, Daniel .Marvin, Y. L. Morgan. 

181". Clerk, Thompson Miles; treasurer, Theodore Miles; trustees, 
Giles Barnes, Chas. Miles, Y. L. Morgan. 

181H, Clerk, Justus Remington: treasurer, Jedediah Hubbell; trus- 
tees, J. A. Smith. Ephraim Hubbell. S. S. Baldwm. 

18M) and 1830. Clerk, Daniel Miles; treasurer, Theodore Miles; trus- 
tees, Ephraim Hubbell, .las. Kingsbury, John Wightman. 

1821. Clerk, Lewis Feet; treasurer, Theodore Miles; Trustees, Jehial 
Saxton, Jedediah Hubbell, Noble Bates. 

ifi'i'i. Clerk, Lewis Peet; treasurer, Thompson Miles; trustees, Noble 
Bates. Jehial Saxton, Aaron Hubbard. 

I.sS). Clerk, Justus Hamilton; treasurer, Thom]i<iin Miles; trustees, 
Jehial Saxton, Peter Robison, Y. L. Morgan. 

18-i4. Clerk, Justus Hamilton: treasurer, Thompsn 
Theodore Mile-^, Aaron Hubbard. John Brooks. 

18ii-). Clerk. Justus Hamilton; treasurer, Eraslu 
Theodore Miles. John Brooks, Philemon Baldwin. 

18--'0. Clerk, Justus Hamilton; treasurer, Peter Robison; trustees, 
Jas, Kingsbur}', John Brooks, Philemon Baldwin. 

18-^. Clerk, .lason Hubbell; treasurer. Gains Burk; trustees, Cyrenus 
Ruggles. Lewis Peet. Jesse Harris. 

1838. Clerk, T. T. Clarke: treasurer, Justus Hamilton; trustees, John 
Brooks, Jonathan Pearse, Moses Jewett. 

18>9. Clerk, Philemon Baldwin; treasurer, Gideon Tupper; trustees, 
Jonathan Pearse. Moses Jewett, Spencer Warner. 

1K,'H>. Clerk. Philemon BaKLvin: treasurer, Gideon Tupper; trustees, 
John Brooks, Noble Bates, Stephen Titus. 

18:11. clerk, Jason Hubbell: treasurer, Gideon Tupper; Irustees, 
Jehial Saxton, A. S. Chapman, C. Hamilton. 

18W. Clerk, Jason Hubbell; treasurer, Gideon Tupper; trustees, 
Chester Hamilton, A. S. Chapman. Jas. Kingsbury. 

18.'i;j. Clerk, Jason Hubbell; treasurer, Gideon Tu|)per; trustees. 
Gains Burk, Moses Jewett, A. S. Chapman. 

18;M. Clerk, Jason Hubbell: treasurer. Gideon Tupper; trustees, 
Moses .Jewett. Samuel Brooks. Jehial Saxton. 

WB. Clerk, Jason Hubbell; treasurer, A. C. Chnpmin; trustees, 
Moses Jewett, Philo S. Ruggles, .-V. H. Brainard. 

Win. Clerk, Anson A. Miles: treasurer, Philo S. Ruggles; trustees, A. 
H. Brainard, Aaron Shepard, Asahel Palmiter. 

ls:i7. Clerk, Jason Hubbell; treasurer, Philo S. Ruggles; trustees, 
Aaron Shepard, Asahel Palmiter, A. S. Chapman. 

1S:J,8. Clerk, Jason Hubbell: treasurer, Philo S. Ruggles: trustees, A. 
S. Chapman, .\. B. Haight, Jabez Gallup. 

18.'!!). Clerk, Jason Hubbell; treasurer, P. S. Ruggles; trustees, A. B. 
Haight, Stephen Titus. Aaron Shepard. 

ISIO. Clerk, Thi)S. M. Bayard: treasurer. P. S. Ruggles; trustees, A. 
H Brainard, Wilentau White, Stephen Titus. 

1811. Clerk. Justus Handltnn; treasurer, P. S. Ruggles; trustees, A. 
H. Brainard. Y. L. Morgan, Jr.. G. Bradford. 

1842. Clerk, Justus Hamilton: trea.surer, 
L. Morgan, George Rathbone, .1. Hopkinson. 

1841. Clerk, John Keys; treasurer, P. f 
Hopkinson, Nehemiah Marks, G. S. Rathbone. 

18U. Clerk, Harvey Burke; treasurer. Spencer Warner; trustees, N. 
Marks, G. S. Rathbone, John Hopkinson. 

ims. Clerk, E. O. Simmons; treasurer, Spencer Warner; trustees, B. 
I. Wiggles. Eben Miles, F. A. Andrews. 

18|(i. Clerk, John Keys; treasurer, Henry Marble; trustees, B. L. 
Wiggins, Thomas Garfield, Alonzo Carter. 

If4". Clerk, John Keys; treasurer, Heiuy Marble: trustees, Thomas 
Oarfleld, E. Rathbone, J. S. Ruggles. 

1848. Clerk, John Keys; treasurer, A. W. Gaylord; trustees, Thomas 
Garfleld, J. S. Ruggles, Elias Shepard. 

184ii. Clerk, Harvey Burke; treasurer, A. W. Gaylord: trustees, I. G. 
Ruggles, Elias Shepard, I. W. Kingsbury. 

IKSO. Clerk, Ilarvey Burke; treasurer, C. P. Jewett: trustee.s. E. G. 
Simmons, Wm. Kelley, James T. Worley. 

1851. Clerk, Harvey Burke; treasurer, C. P. Jewett; trustees, N. T. 
Meech, J. N. Cannell, Thomas Garfleld. 

1852. Clerk, Harvey Burke; treasurer, Elias Shepard; trustees, Thos. 
Garfleld, N. T. Jleech, C. P. Jewett. 

ISia. Clerk, Harvey Burke; treasurer, Elias Shepard: ti-ustees, Thos. 
Garfleld, Sam'l SU-wart, B. L. Wiggins. 

18M. Clerk, H. S. Pratt: treasurer, Wm. Bergen; trustees, A. H. 
Brainard, Henry Marble, B. L. Wiggins. 

1855. Clerk, Alex. Topp ng; treasurer, Wm. Bergen; trustees B. L. 
Wiggins, I. Brayton. C. P. Jewett. 

185C. Clerk, Alex. Topping: treasurer, Wm. Bergen; trustees, B. L. 
Wiggins, R. Edwards, F. A. Andrews. 

li«7. Clerk, A. B. Ruggles; treasurer. H. Burgbardt: trustees, B. L. 
Wiggins, F. A. Andrews, Alex. Topping. 



'. S. Ruggles ; trustees, Y. 
Ruggles: trustees, John 



1858. Clerk, E. W. Greenwood; treasurer, H. W. Burghardt; trustees, 
D. L. Wiggins, Jos. Turney. A. P. Leland. 

18"fl. Clerk, A. J. Hamiltim; treasurer, Moses Fish; trustees, Jos. 
Turney, A. A. Jewett, Richard Rodway. 

18*50. Clerk, A. J. Hamilton; treasurer, Closes Fish; trustees. A. A. 
Jewett, Clark Caley, F. A. Andjiis. 

18(11. Clerk, J. H. Shepard; trea-surer, C. P. Jewett: trustees, A. W. 
Morgan, Thos. Oarfleld, Jabe/. Lovett. 

18fi2. Clerk, J. H. Shepard; treasurer, P. S. Ruggles; trustees, Thos. 
Garfleld, Moses Fish, P. Potts. 

imi'i. Clerk, J. G. Ruggles; treasurer, E. T. Hamilton; trustees, G. R. 
Bowman, Thos. Caine, John Hopkinson. 

1864. Clerk, J. A.Dyer; treasurer. E. G. Hamilton: trustees, J. D. 
Runnels, Wm. Jones, C. P. Jewett. 

1865. Clerk, R. M. Choate; treasurer, D. J. Wilder; trustees, C. P. 
Jewett, J. D. Runnels, Elias Shepard. 

1806. Clerk. R. M. Choate; treasurer, N. B. Wiggins; trustees, C. P. 
Jewett. Moses Fish, Frank Andrews. 

1867. Clerk, Jl. R. Hughes: treasurer, H. C. Ruggles; trustees, Moses 
Fish, C. P. Jewett, H. Carter. 

1868. Clerk. M. R. Hughes; treasurer, H. C. Ruggles; trustees, Elias 
Shepard, Henry Cartel-, Thos. Garfield. 

1869. Clerk. M. R. Hughes; treasurer, M. M. Jones; trustees, Elias 
Shepard, .James Walker, Henry Williams. 

1870. Clerk, Wm. H. Cain; treasurer, M. M. .Jones; trustees, James 
Walker. Henry Carter, Moses Fish. 

1871. Clerk, Wm. H. Cain; treasurer, A. J. Hamilton; trustees, James 
Walker, Henry Carter, Joseph Turney. 

1872. Clerk, J. Grays; treasurer, Henry Shanks; trustees, Jos. Tur- 
ney, Mose-? Fish, Edmund James. 

1873. Clerk, George Ruggles; treasurer, Henry Shanks; trustees, C. 
P. Jewett, Wm. E. Edwards, Cornelius Boyle. 

1874. Clerk, Chas. Evarts; treasurer, James Walker; trustees, C. P. 
Jewett, A. L. Radway, Jacob Flick. 

1875. Clerk, James Walker; treasurer, James Walker; trustees, t,'. P. 
Jewett, Jacob Flick, A. L. Radway. 

187G and 1877. Clerk and treasurer, James Walker; trustees, EH W. 
Carrell, Jacob FUck, A. L. Radway. 

1878. Clerk and treasurer, James Walker; trustees, Jacob Flick, A. 
L. Radway, Richard Woodly. 

187!). Clerk and treasurer. James Walker; trustees, A. L. Radway, 
Richard Woodly and E. W. Cannell. 

SCHOOLS. 

Newbiirg has now five school districts — two hiiviiio; 
been added during 1870. At the hist report, .Septem- 
ber 1, 187'.*, for three scliool districts, the value of 
scliool property was set down at %>! 0,000. Tiic amount 
paid teachers for the year was §735, and the bahuice 
of cash in the scliool fund was §1,400. The number 
of children of school age was about two hundred, of 
whom one hundred and ten were enrolled in tlie 
schools; tiie average attendance being .sixty-six. The 
great discrepancy between the enumeration and en- 
rollment is exi)lained by the statement that many 
of the children in the township attend a Catholic 
school in the eighteentli ward of Cleveland. Two 
fine brick school-houses, expected to cost $1,600 each, 
arc now beiug erected in the two recently created dis- 
tricts. The five districts arc located as follows: Xo. 
1, ill the northeast; No. 2, on Miles avenue; No. 3, 
on the Bedford road; No. 4, near tlie California pow- 
der works, and No. .5, on Union street. Tlie mem- 
bers of the board of education are Boardman Pearse, 
0. W. Quiggiu, John E. Edwards, John B. Collett 
and .Taftib f'r;inier. 

.MANITACTURES. 

The manufacturing industries, although few in 
number, are of considcralile importance. 

THE Al.STIX POWDER COMPANY, 

(an outgrowth of the firm of Austin & Sons, which 
was founded iu Ohio in 1833), was incorporated in 



484 



THE TOWNSIIirS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



1868, with a capital of 1300,000, for the purpose of 
manufaeturing all kinds of powder. The works are 
located near Avhat is called five-mile-lock. Here the 
comjianj' owns one hundred and thirty acres of land, 
upon which are the mills, tenement houses, etc. 
Thirty men are employed, and about four hundred 
kegs of powder are produced daily; the product in- 
cluding blasting, mining, shijiping, cannon, meal, 
and several grades of sporting powder. Mr. L. Aus- 
tin, who was the secretary of the company until 1873, 
has been its president since that time. 

THE CALIFORNIA POWDER COMPANY, 

an association incorporated by the State of California, 
has branch factories in various parts of tlie country, 
and among them one in Xewburg. This branch was 
established in 1877, for the purpose of manufacturing 
dynamite, or Hercules powder, for blasting. The 
business at tliese works aggregates $300,000 annually. 
Forty men are employed, being under the direction of 
William Willson, the superintendent. 

The mills are located near the line of the Oiiio 
canal, in a deep ravine upon an extensive farm owned 
by the company, and comprise about a dozen differ- 
ent structures. 

THE NEWBIRG FERTILIZER COMPANY, 

composed of J. B. Peck, J. H. Breck, Ji-., and K. S. 
Peck have a large establishment near the river devoted 
to the manufacture of bone-dust, superphospliate of 
lime and^neatsfoot oil. The company was establisJied 
about three years ago, as the successor of Davidson & 
Palmer. 



CHAPTER LXX X. 

OLMSTEAD. 

The First Improvemeut— James Geer— Elijah and D. J. Stearns— A 
Large Purchase— D. J, Stearns Becomes a Pioneer— Celebrating 
the Fourth— Daniel Runnel- Olnistf ad Called Kingston— Three 
Lonesome Y'eai-s— High Price for Wheat— First Marriage— First 
Birth— First Death— Amos Briggs— Mrs. Scales and the Wild 
Animals— Major Hoadley— His Girls Raise a House— Remark- 
able Death of John Hanley— Settlers After 1819— First Gristmill 
—First Religious Organizations— Indian Sugar Bush— Organiza- 
tion of Lenox— Division of Lenox— Reorganization— First OlHcers 
Afterward— A Big "Black Squirrel"— Lenox Changes to Olmstead— 
The Seven Fitches— Mr. Ba nura's House— Kilpatrick's Mill— First 
Tavern — The Union Meeting-house — A Lyceum on Butternut 
Ridge— General Iniprovement^The Railroads— Olmstead Falls and 
Lake View— The War— Stone Quarries— The Universalist Church— 
Wesleyan Methodist Church— Methodist Episcopal Church— Congre. 
gational Cluuch on the Ridge— St. Mary's Church— Congregational 
Church at the Falls— Union School— Lyceum, etc., iu District Number 
One--01mstead Falls Village— Principal Township Officers. 

Township six and range fifteen, now known as 
Olmstead, saw the first improvement made while war 
was still raging along the not distant frontier. In 
the year 1814 James Geer, then a resident of Colum- 
bia, which is now iu Lorain county, but was at that 
time in Cuyahoga, cut out the underbrush and 
girdled the trees on a small piece of land in the 
southwest corner of the township, on what has since 
been known as the Browning farm. This he planted 



to corn the same year, and raised such a crop as he 
could among the trees. 

The ne-xt spring, after the declaration of peace, 
Mr. Geer put up a small log house at the place first 
mentioned, and moved thither with his family, be- 
coming the first permanent resident of the present 
township of Olmstead. His son, Calvin Geer, was 
then a boy of seven, and is now the earliest surviving 
resident of the township. Wild beasts swarmed all 
around, and often appeared in the edge of the little 
clearing. One of young Calvin's oldest recollec- 
tions is regarding the slaughter by his father of a 
bear which showed himself one Sunday evening, soon 
after their arrival, on the bank of Rocky river, not 
far from their cabin. Mr. Geer's first shot broke the 
animal's back, but such was his size and vitality tluit 
it took three more balls to kill him. 

The same year, 1815, Elijah Stearns and his son, 
David Johnson Stearns, came to Kingston, as Olm- 
stead was then called, to select land for future settle- 
ment. The senior Mr. Stearns had a large family of 
boys, and was desirous to obtain an extensive tract of 
land for their use. He selected and purchased a 
thousand and two acres on Butternut Ridge, in the 
northwest part of the township, at two dollars per 
acre. Of this it was arranged thatD. J. Stearns was to 
have a hundred and fifty acres. The latter was then an 
active, enterjn'ising young man of twenty-one, with a 
constitution remarkably well fitted to bear the hard- 
ships of frontier life, as is shown by the fact that after 
passing through the whole pioneer period of Olmstead's 
existence, and after residing sixty-three years in the 
township, he still survives, at the age of eighty-five, 
in a condition of remarkable i)hysical vigor, and of 
undiminished mental power. 

It was expected that the proprietors would send a 
surveyor to lay out the land, and D. J. Stearns 
waited awhile for his arrival, in the meantime clear- 
ing off a small piece of land near the present resi- 
dence of Buel Stearns. He then returned to Ver- 
mont. 

In 181G, having perfected the purchase of his land, 
he came back to Kingston to reside upon it. He was 
accompanied by his brother Alva, and by Asa Knapji, 
but they only remained long enough to help him \nit 
up a log house and make a beginning in the woods. 
Mr. Stearns still preserves a note of three hundred 
and thirty-four dollars, one of four given by the 
Stearns' for land, to the trustees of the estate of 
Aaron Olmstead,- who had been in his lifetime the 
proprietor of the township. Young Stearns had a 
sub-agency under Judge Kirtland, the agent of the 
proprietors, to sell their land. He, liowever,had sold 
only two lots when the owners stopjied the sale. The 
Fourth of July, 1810, was celebrated by Mr. Stearns, 
assisted by Mr. Gear, in clearing out the "ridge road" 
from Rocky river, along Butternut ridge, toward tlie 
home of the former. They worked from sunrise till 
sunset, cutting out the saplings so as to make a pass- 
able jiathway, for a distance of two miles. 



OLMSTEAD. 



485 



That same spring Daniel Bunnel moved from Co- 
linnbia to tlie nortlieast corner of Olmstead, and built 
a rough plank house, becoming the third resident of 
the township. As we have said, the township was 
tlion called Kingston, but this name had no legal 
validity; it was merely applied at tlie fancy of the 
proprietors to survey-township number six. Many 
siicli names were given on the Western Reserve, some 
of which were retained, while others were changed. 

Owing to the stoppage of the sale of land by the 
proprietors, young Stearus remained almost alone in 
that, part of the township until 1819, keeping bach- 
elor's hall the whole time. In 1817 he was obliged 
to pay three dollars a bushel for wheat, whicli he 
bought near Black River. Having other business to 
attend to, he gave half of it to another man to take 
to mill. The latter went with a yoke of oxen, and, 
lindiug the nearer mill closed for want of water, he 
was obliged to go to CJuigrin river to get the wheat 
grouud. It took him a week to go and return. Salt 
at the same time w-as twenty dollars a barrel. 

The first wedding iu the township was that of 
JIarvey Hartson and Eunice Parker, which took place 
at the residence of James Geer, in thesjiringof 1817. 
llartson located himself near Geer. The same spring, 
and at the same house, occurred the first birth, that of 
Mr. Geer's daughter, Julia. Tlie child died when two 
years old, this being the first death in the township. 

In 1817 Amos Briggs settled on the west part of 
Butternut Ridge, ou what has since been known as 
I lie Ilobb farm. In 1818 Isaac Scales built a house 
and brought his family to live on the east end of the 
ridge, near Rocky river. He and his wife lived there 
without neighbors about a j'ear. As he was obliged 
to go to Columbia to work most of the time, Mrs. 
Scales had a most lonesome experience. Often she 
had to get up in tlie night, with a broom, to drive tlie 
wildcats out of the loft of her house. One day she 
saw a bear hugging the dog to death in tlic front 
yard. Slie took down the old musket from over the 
firujilacc, but finally concluded that it would be more 
thmgerous than tlic liear. Tiie latter left the dog ap- 
]iarently dead, and waddled olT into tlie woods. Poor 
Tray, however, recovered from the effects of his ex- 
tremely bad comjiany, but in a very dilapidated con- 
dition. Add to such events as these the frequent aji- 
pcarance of wandering Indians, and it must be admit- 
ted tiiat there was enough to try a woiiiairs nerves 
most severely. 

In Fel)ruary, 1819, Mr. Stearns was married to 
I'olly Barnum; this being, we believe, the second 
wedding in the township. 

A little later in the same spring .Major Samuel 
lloadley settled near Scales's place, at the east end of 
I'.iitternut ridge. He and his family at first occupied 
a log iioiise, but immediately began the erection of a 
framed one. After the frame was completed, ready 
to raise, one day late in the summer Major lloadley 
and his wife went away for tlie day, leaving at home 
his daughters, .Maria and iuinice, the carpenter, 



James Miles, and a man named Eliot Smith. During 
the day Mrs. Scales also came over to visit them. 
The t\vo girls, both enterprising, wide-awake young 
women, determined that tliey would surprise their 
jiarents by raising the new house while they were 
gone. It was not a very large one, tlie timbers were 
light, the carpenter offered to help and to see that 
the work was done properly, young Smith was very 
ready to give his best assistance, and Mrs. Scales 
proffered a pair of arms not at all to be despised. 

So at it they went. Under Mr. Miles's direction 
they all took hold, carried the timbers to their pro- 
l)er position, fitted the sills into place, and matched 
the bents together. Then with hands and pike-poles 
the three women and two men started a bent upward, 
and to the cheery "heave-ho!" of the carpenter 
steadily raised it to its place. The other work 
cpiickly followed, and when Major and Mrs. lloadley 
returned at nightfall, their eyes were greeted with the 
sight of a frame completely erected and ready for the 
clapboards, while, to their astonished iiKpiiries, two 
demure young ladies answered (piietly, "Oh, we did 
it;" as if raising houses vcas the commonest thing in 
the world for them to do. 

The next spring Maria Hoadley, one of the heroines 
of this adventure, was married to John vVdams, a 
lunvly arrived young pioneer. They settled near bv, 
have ever since resided in the township, and now live 
at West View. Eunice Hoadley afterward became 
Mrs. John Barnum. 

The second death, and first serious accident in the 
township, occurred in the autumn of 1819, iu a verv 
peculiar manner. Mr. D. J. Stearns had a boy of 
Irish parentage, named John Hanley, about fifteen 
years old, living with him, whose parents resided in 
Ridgeville, now Lorain county. One day the boy ob- 
tained permission to visit his home, promising to re- 
turn in time to do the chores at night. The night set 
in dark, and the boy did not ajipeai'. His wife being ab- 
sent Mr. Stearns was in his house alone. Late in the 
night he heard an agonized voice sliriekine- •■Ohl dearl 
Oiil dear!" at some distance from the house. I'or a 
moment it ceased, and then it was heard again nearer 
than before. Mr. Stearns stepped out of the door, 
where he was suddenly grasped by a man who Hung 
his arms around him in a slate of frantic excitement, 
crying out at the same time: "Oh ! my boy is kilt ! 
my boy is kilt ! my boy is kilt ! " 

As soon as ^Ir. Stearns could recover from his 
astonishment, and get the man to the light, he found 
that his visitor was Jlr. Hanley, the fatlier of John. 
It was witii great dilliculty that he could (piiet the 
frantic Irishman so as to obtain even tlie slightest idea 
of what was the matter. At length, however, he 
succeeiled in learning from the broken ejaculations of 
the distracted father, mingled with sobs and groans, 
and cries of anguish, that Uanley and his son had 
been coon-hunting, and that a large tree had fallen 
ujjon liis boy and probably crushed him to deatli, a 
mile or two out in tiie woods, to the northeast. 



486 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Knowing tluit lie could do nothing wi*ihout assist- 
ance, Mr. Stearns made Hanley promise to remain at 
tlie house until lie could obtain aid. His nearest 
neighbor, Amos Briggs, was absent, and there were 
no otliers nearer than a mile and a half. He accord- 
ingly went to Mr. Briggs's stable, and took his horse 
to go for help. Ere he conld mount, liowever, 
Hanley came rushing up, and again flung his arms 
about the young man, crying out that his " boy was 
l<ilt" in all the agony of unreasoning despair. 
Again Mr. Steaj'ns pacified him, and jiersuaded him 
to return to the iiouse. The former then rode a mile 
and a half, and obtained the help of three new- 
comers, Bennett Powell, Job Cole and another whose 
name is not recollected. 

Tiie foui' leturncd with all s])ced to Sfearns's house, 
where they found the desolate father with whom tliey 
set out to find the scene of the disaster. Hauley, 
however, had been so friglitened and demoralized by 
the catt;strophe that he could give no clear idea of the 
direction to be taken. Nevcitheless he thought it 
was somewhat east of north, and he knew there was 
a turning tree where the sad event had occurred. 
The five men hurried forward through the darkness 
in the general direction indicated, and at length, saw 
a light in advance. Shaping their course toward it, 
they soon arrived at the turning tree. There they 
soon found that the distracted fatlier's words were 
but too true; the poor boy was indeed killed. A 
large ash tree lay where it had fallen, directly across 
llie youth's head, which was crashed out of all 
semblance of humanity, while his body was raised 
from the ground by the pressure on his head. 

It seems as they gathered from Hanley's broken 
stiitements, and his subsequent utterances in a quieter 
state, that he had persuaded his son to remain and 
hunt coons with him, instead of returning to Stearns' 
that night. They liad gone east a mile or two along 
the line between townships six and seven (Olmstead 
and Dover), and had then borne southward into the 
foi-mer township. At length, the night being cold 
and damp, they built a fire at the foot of a hollow 
ash tree, and determined to wait foi- the moon. The 
boy lay down upon a grassy knoll a sliort distance 
from the fire, while his father sat with his back to a 
liickory tree in the opjjosite direction, and both soon 
went to sleep. 

An hour or so hiter the old man was awakenerl by 
a tremendous crash, directly over his liead. The 
liojlow ash had burned off and had fallen against the 
hickory by which Hanley sat. The tough wood of 
the latter bent before the blow and tlien recoiled with 
such force that it threw the ash back in the opposite 
direction, so as to fall directly across the head of the 
sleeping boy. His father was so frightened and 
horrified that he ran screaming into the woods en- 
tirely at random, and by mere accident came out at 
Mr. Stearns' clearing. 

When the four Americans saw the situation thev 
went to work with the axes whicli they had of course 



brought with them to chop off the tree on each side 
of the corpse. Mr. Stearns, however, was obliged to 
devote himself to holding the lialf-crazy father to 
keep him from running under the axes of the chop- 
pers in the fruitless attempt to extricate his cliild. 
Beneath the sturdy blows of tiie pioneers the tree 
was soon sevei-ed on either side, and the l)ody taken 
out. It was carried back to Stearns's, where it was 
kept the remainder of the night and then taken to 
Hauley's place in Kidgeville. 

The accident liappened in such a remarkable way 
that it was long the subject of evening talk among 
the pioneers of Olmstead. 

After 1819 emigrants came in more rapidly than 
before. Among those who came within the next five 
years, besides those already named, were Isaac Frost, 
Elias Frost, Zenas Barnum, Harry Barnum, Crosby 
Baker, Horace F. Adams, Amos Wolf, Truman Wolf, 
Christian Wolf, Charles Usher, Hezekiah Usher, 
Ransom J. Adams, Hosea Bradford, H. G. Seekins, 
Natrons Ushei", Noble Hotchkiss, Thomas Briggs, 
Otis Brjggs, Aivah Stearns, Elijah Stearns, Jr., Ves- 
pasian Stearns, Elliott Stearns, Lyman Frost, Hosea 
Bradford, Lucius Adams and A. G. R. Stearns. Be- 
sides the six Stearns brothers vvlio have been named, 
a seventh, Sidney, began improvements in the town- 
ship, but died in a short time afterward. 

During this period Lemuel Iloadley and Crosby 
Baker built the first gristmill and sawmill in the 
township, on the west branch of Rocky river, just 
above the junction with the east branch. A small 
society of the Methodist Church was organized and 
occasional tneetings were held. Clearings were made 
here and there in all parts of the townships except 
the southwestern section, wliich was tlie last to be 
settled. 

Old Indian wigwams were still standing, and In- 
dians frequently came and set their traps for tlic 
various fur-bearing animals which still abounded. 
D. J. Stearns found an old Indian sugar-bush on the 
place afterward occupied by Mr. A. Tyler. Hither 
the Indians were accustomed to come annually to 
make sugar — or, rather, the squaws made the sugar 
and the Indians ate it. They made sap-troughs out 
of birch-bark, which they brought with them from 
Sandusky, there being no birch in Olmstead. Kettles 
to boil the sap in must have been procured from the 
whites, but after they had "sugared off" they were 
accustomed to make a great store-trough of the elm 
bark, which would hold twelve or fifteen barrels. 
Here the sugar was kept for common use, while the 
tribe remained in that section; the remnant being 
carried with them when they returned to Sandusky. 

In the forepart of 1823 number six, in range fifteen, 
was formed into a civil township by the name of 
Lenox, and on the 14th of April in that year it was 
organized by the election of its first officers. Tlie 
principal of these were Amos Briggs, Watrous Lusher 
and Hosea Bradford, as trustees; D. J. Stearns, clerk, 
and Isaac Frost, treasurer. Lenox continued in exist 



OLMSTEAD. 



m 



ence two yeai-s at this time. In 1825 it was cut in 
twain, and the east half of it again attached to Mid- 
dlehurg, while the western poition was made a part 
of Hidgeville, Lorain coiuity. 

Tills state of atfairs continued two years more, when 
the west half of tlie township was set back into Ciiya- 
lioga county, the two halves were united, and tlic 
lire.ith of municipal life was again breathed into the 
defunct form of Lenox. The first election in the re- 
suscitated township was held on the 18th of June, 
lS-i7, E. C. Frost, Thomas Briggs and Harry Bar- 
num being the judges of the election. As this is the 
first complete list we have of officers chosen in the 
territorv now constituting Olmstead, we give it en- 
tire. Besides, it will show a good portion of those 
wJio were residents of the townshi}) in 18"-i7, as it 
must have taken half of them to lidhl tlie ottices. 
The list is as follows: 

Trustees, Truman Wolf, Alvah Stearns and Elias 
C. Frost; clerk, D. J. Stearns; treasurer, Isaac 0. 
Frost; constables, Joel B. Lawrence and Elliott 
Stearns; overseers of the poor, .John Barnuni and 
Klias P. Usher; fence viewers, Olden Thompson and 
Harry Shults; supervisors of highways, Daniel Bun- 
nei, Ilezekiah Usher, H. F. Adams and Elliott 
Smith. Besides these, Watrous Usher was a justice 
of the peace. The first tax was half a mill on the 
dollar. Immediately after the organization the town- 
ship was divided into tiiree school districts. 

Aljout this period Watrous tosher bnilt a sawmill at 
Olmstead Falls, being the first improvement at that 
now thriving village. 

By this time the rifies began to be a little too thick 
even for the bears, which had previously floni'ished in 
great aliundance. In fact, it seems as if Bi-uin was 
more prosjierous for several years after the advent of 
I lie wliite man than he had been before; for in a short 
lime after his arrival, nearly every settler had fif- 
teen or twenty hogs roaming througli tlie woods, and 
nothing suited better the taste of the bears, who 
killed and devoured great numbers of them. 

But, as has been said, the rifles were getting too 
thick for them. Our friend Stearns, whom we have 
so often referred to, was not a "mighty hunter," hav- 
ing ol)scrved that mighty hunters seldom made good 
farmers. Like nearly everybody else, however, he 
kept a rille, and one day lie loaned it (to hunt s(|uir- 
rels) to a youngster who was at work for him, wlio 
seems not to have been very bright for a pioneer boy, 
and who must have been a new-comer. 

After hunting awile he found something in a hollow 
tree, which he supposed to be a monstrous black squir- 
rel. Sticking his rifle into the hollow, close to the 
animal's head, he fired. The "black stpiirrel " came 
out growling, and sorely wounded — not so badly, liow- 
ever, but that he could coni|acr and mangle terrilily 
the dog which was with the youngster, and which was 
bold enough to attack him. Astonished and alarmed 
at such obstreperous conduct on the part of a "black 
sipiirrel," the youth made his way liomeas fast as pos- 



sible. As soon as he saw his employer he cried out 
(calling him by the name by which he was com- 
monly known h 

"Oh, Johnson! I seen the moiistrousest biggest 
black squirrel out in the woods that ever I seen in all 
my born days." 

Mr. Stearns directed him to describe this wonderful 
squirrel, and immediately recognized it iis a bear. 
The next morning he and three of his friends started 
out to slay the animal. Being piloted by the boy to 
the tree before mentioned, they found it marked with 
blood six feet from the ground, where the creature 
had stood nji and rubbed his wounded head against 
it. The hunters began to think that they, too, were 
mistaken as well as the boy, for the marks seemed to 
indicate something rather too large even for a bear. 

However, they followed the trail, which was plainly 
marked with blood, for several miles, and at last came 
up with the " s<|uirrel." They found it to be a bear, 
but the largest one, Mr. Stearns says, which he ever 
saw in all his pioneer experience. One of the party 
shot and killed him, and it was then found that the 
liullet of the blundering boy had passed througli his 
nose and bi'oken one of his jaws. 

After 1830 the bears rapidly disappeared. Deer, 
however, remained, though in constantly decreasing 
numbers, and occasionally one was to be seen as late 
as the building of the Cleveland, Columbus and Cin- 
cinnati railroad. Wild turkevs, too, abounded, even 
to a still later period, and the number of their bodies 
yearly brought to the tables of the settlers might at 
one time have been counted by hundreds. 

For two yci rs after the second organization of 
Lenox, the township continued to bear that name. 
During the year 18^9, however, Mr. Charles II. Olm- 
stead, who had become the owner of the north part of 
it as the heir of Aaron Olmstead, deceased, offered to 
make the people a present of a library if they would 
change the name of Lenox to Olmstead. The oiTer 
was accepted at a township meeting, the name was 
duly changed by the proper authorities, and the libra- 
ry was duly presented. The first election under the 
name of Olmstead was held in 18;?0. 

In 1831 four young men, brothers, by the name of 
Fitch, settled in the central part of tiie township, and 
these were followed a year or two later by three more. 
Tiiese seven brotiiers were Chester, Eli, Horace, 
Ciiauncey, Elisha, Daniel and Sandford Fitch. Tiie 
families planted by them and by the Stearns brotiiers 
have grown and flourished mightily, and from tliat 
day to this Olmstead lias been celebrated for its 
Fitches and its Stearnses; it being almost impossible 
to find a listof Olmstead men associated in i)olitical, 
religious or sociiil life wiiich did not contain some 
members of both those families. 

It wa.-» aliout this period (1830) that Major Hoadley 
and his son-in-law, John Barnuni, built a sawmill on 
Plum creek at Olmstead Falls. Barnum moved 
thither to attend to the l)usiness, and as there was no 
house he jiroceedod to make one in short order. He 



488 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



cut down a large wliitewood tree near the bank of 
the creek, and this formed one end of his house. A 
few smaller logs were laid up, some saplings placed 
on top to support a temporary roof and the mansion 
was complete. However, Mr. Barnnm speedily con- 
structed a more commodious residence. His son, 
Luther Barnum, a well-known citizen of Olmstead 
Falls, was then a year old. 

Uriah Kilpatrick soon after built a little "packet" 
gristmill, also on Plum creek. Both the mill and its 
owner were of a slow and easy nature, and the pa- 
tience of his customers was sometimes severely tried. 
A poor fellow named Powell, sharp enough naturally, 
but with shattered intellect, who used to string verses 
together for the edification of jieople, once applied to 
Mr. Barnum, who was a justice of the peace, for a 
warrant against Kilpatrick for some imaginary of- 
fense. Barnum refused it, but to divert Powell's 
mind told him he might make some verses against 
the offender, which would be just as effective as a 
warrant. The rhymester, desirous to hit the justice 
as well as the miller, studied a few moments, and de- 
livered himself as follows: 

"Iron beetles are seldom found, 
But basswood justices here abound. 
On the banks of Eocky river 
Tall Kilpatrick's nose doth quiver: 
There he sits in his slow mill, 
"Which most folks think is standing still.'' 

Kilpatrick's little mill was kept up ten or twelve 
years and then abandoned. Hoadley & Barker's 
gristmill, down near the junction, was transferred to 
Loyal Peck, but this, too, has long since ceased to 
exist. Shortly after Kilpatrick, Peter Kidney built 
a gristmill on the river, below the mouth of Plum 
creek. 

N. P. Loomis, who came to Olmstead Falls in 18.34:, 
says there was then no road cut through the village; 
nothing but a path along the river bank. The main 
road, however, was "slashed out," but was not ready 
for use. Where the Union school house now stands 
was a frog pond, and there were only six houses on 
the ground now occupied by the village. 

Some of the pioneers had made a pi-actice of keeji- 
ing travelers when necessary, but it was not until 
about this period that there was a regular hotel in the 
township. It was kept by William Komp, who erected 
a large framed building for the purpose, near the 
i-iver, below Butternut Eidge. He also carried on 
the first store in the township, at the same point, ex- 
cept, perchance, a few goods kept for sale in the 
houses of settlers. 

It was about 1835 that the first church edifice was 
erected in the township. It was a union church, 
built by the Presbyterians, Methodists and Universal- 
ists, each denomination raising what they could, and 
the time which each was allowed to occupy it being 
in proportion to the amount subscribed. It was sub- 
sequently used as a town house, being located at what 
was called town-house corners, some two miles north 
of Olmstead Falls. It was used for that purpose 



until about 1849, when the town business was re- 
moved to Olmstead Falls. 

The first Sunday-school in the township was estab- 
lished on Butternut Ridge in 1833 or '34. The ridge 
was settled by a very enterprising, wide-awake set of 
people, and all intellectual and moral improvements 
found ready encouragement at their hands. As early 
as 1837 a lyceum, or debating school, was formed in 
school district number one, toward the east end of the 
ridge, being the first institution of the kind in the 
township. Something of that class has been main- 
tained there almost ever since, and we will have some- 
thing more to say of it a little farther on. 

Meanwhile the township was rapidly assuming the 
outward garb of civilization. The clearings on each 
farm, at first small, were extended so as to include 
the larger part of the area; log houses gave place to 
frames, pumps appeared instead of the picturesque 
but inconvenient well-sweejis which were previously 
seen in every door-yai'd, and a hundred minor changes 
indicated by the end of the first half of the century 
that the pioneer period had changed into the farming 
period. Yet deer were still sometimes seen in the 
southwest jiart of the township, and occasionally one 
strayed into other sections, and the young men had 
not lost the skill of their fathers, so but that they 
were soon out iu arms to make venison of the unlucky 
intruder. 

In 1849, the Cleveland, Columbus and Cincinnati 
railroad was built through the southeast part of tlie 
township. This gave a still greater imjjetus to settle- 
ment, and the last of the wild animals soon disap- 
peared before the shriek of the locomotive. In Jan- 
uary, 1853, the Toledo, Norwalk and Cleveland rail- 
road (now a part of the Lake Shore and Michigan 
Southern) was opened for use; running almost exactly 
east and west in a straight line through the center of 
the township. 

Villages grew up around the two de])ots; that on 
the Cleveland, Columbus, Cincinnati and Indianapo- 
lis road being called West View, while that on the 
Lake Shore road retained its old name of Olmstead 
Falls. On the 7th of April, 1856, the latter village 
was incorporated under that name, although at its 
first election only twenty-six votes were cast. The 
next year the embryo village of Plum Creek was 
added to Olmstead Falls; making a town which cov- 
ered a ver}' large area in proportion to its population, 
but which has been steadily though slowly filling up 
ever since. West View is a smaller village, a store, 
two or three shops and about thirty houses. In 185C 
the basement of the Methodist church at Olmstead 
Falls was purchased by the towjiship for a town house, 
at a cost of two hundred and fifty dollars. 

The jiart taken by the soldiers of Olmstead in the 
war for the Union is told in the records of the Cuya- 
hoga county regiments, in the general history of the 
county. Since the war the history of the township 
has been uneventful, tis is the case with most farming 
communities, after the close of the jiioncer era. The 



OLMSTEAD. 



489 



most iiiii)ort,iut event Las been the opening of quar- 
ries of building stone along the banks of Ixocky river, 
of tbe same ([iiulity as the celebrated Berea stone, 
wliicli is taken out only a few miles distant. 

A quarry was opened near West View in 1870, 
wliich has been sueeessfully carried on ever since. It 
employs about twenty five hands, and a railroad has 
been built to carry the stone from the quarry to West 
View station. Two quarries were also opened at 01m- 
stead Falls, and for five or six years employed fifty 
men each, but were closed in 1876. The following is 
a list of the various business places, shops, etc., at the 
Falls; General stores, four; drug stores, two; tailor 
shop, one; blacksmiths' shops, three; shoe shops, 
three; tin shop, one; grist mill, one; broom factory, 
one; felloe .shoj), one; lumberyard, one. The popula- 
tion of the village is about seven hundred. 

We will now give some sketches and statistics which 
could not well be incorjioiatcd in liie general story of 
the township. 

THE UNIVKUSALIST (■lILUril (lU TTEUNUT KIIXJE). 

This church was organizetl by Rev. Harlow P. Sage 
as early as 183-t, being one of the first Universalist 
churches in tliis section. Rev. Stephen Hull was the 
first minister, and preached from that time some 
twelve or fifteen years. He was succeeded by Rev. 
Isaac R. Henry, who officiated about ten years. As 
before stated the Universalists, soon after the forma- 
tion of the society, united with the Methodists and 
Presbyterians in building a union house of worship. 
In 18-17 they erected one of their own; a commodious 
framed edifice on Butternut Ridge, which has ever 
since been occupied by them. 

After Mr. Henry the pulpit was occupied in suc- 
cession by Messrs. Tillotson, French, Shipmau, Sykes, 
Rice, Weeks and Canfield. In 1878 a lady, the Rev. 
^[rs. Danforth, was called to the pastorate, which she 
has since acceptably filled. Tiie church now nuudjcrs 
a little over sixty members. It was legally organized 
in 1808. Its present trustees are Buel Stearns, Jona- 
than ('ari)entcr and John Foster. 

THE WESLEYAN METHODIST CHUKCH (WEST VIEW). 

This society was formed on the fourth day of April, 
1843; the first members, whose names are preserved, 
l)eiug Ransom Bronson and Harriet JI., his wife; 
.lohn Adams and Maria, his wife; Lucius Adams and 
Klecta, his wife; Mary Banarce and Sarah Banarce. 
.lames Pearson and William Bceham were then the 
circuit preachers. The organization was called Hoad- 
ley's .Mills church, or station, until 1861, when it re- 
ceived ti\e name of West View. Freni such records 
as can be found we learn that in 1863 the ministers on 
the circuit were A. W. Sanders, W. B. Moody and G. 
C. Ilick.s; in 1864 and '6.i. E. D. Fink; in 1866 and 
"67, Thomas F. Hicks: in 1868, "69 and '70, J. Nettie- 
ton; in 1871, '7v> and '73, J. E. Carroll; in 1874, '75 
and '76, J. Nettleton; in 1877, William Snell; in 1878, 
William Moody. 

62 



Tiie stewards are II. Walkden, Joseph Reed and J. 
Case; the clerk and treasurer, 0. P. Smith; the trus- 
tees, R. Bronson, T. Price, J. Adams, A. J. Pickard 
and B. Ruple. Since 1865 the church has been a part 
of Rocky River circuit (previously of Strongsvillc), 
which is composed of West View and North Olmstead 
churches. 

NORTH OLMSIEAD CHURCH (WESLEYAN METHOUISt). 

The church edifice belonging to this society is situ- 
ated in the extreme northeast corner of the township 
of Olmstead, but its congregation comes jirincipally 
from Rockport and Dover. Its ministers since 1865 
have been the same as those above given as officiating 
at West View. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHURCH (OI.MSTEAD FAI.Es). 

There had been early preaching l)y the Methodists 
in Olmstead, but no society was regularly organized 
until 1843. From that time forward services were 
j)unctually held, and in 1851 the present framed 
church building was erected at Olmstead Falls. The 
latter i)reachei's, who are all whose names we can ob- 
tain, have been Uriah Richards, in 1872, '73 and '74; 
Banias Ushower, in 1875 and '76; James Burleson, in 
1878. 

The trustees are Lester Bradford, Charles ^JTonks, 
Chauncey Fitch, William Butlin, Asahel Osboru. 
The stewards ai'e the same, with the addition of 
David Wright and Freeman Bradford. The church 
is now a part of Olmstead and Columbia circuit. 

COXGREGATIOXAL CHUKCH (ON BUTTERNUT RIDGE). 

The clmrch edifice occupied by this society was 
originally built for the use of the Metiiodists over 
thirty years ago. In the course of time, however, 
most of the members of that denomination in that 
vicinity died or moved away, and in 1872 the build- 
ing was transferred to the Congregationalists, who 
have since held regular services in it. The first 
pastor was H. C. Johnson, who remained one year; 

E. P. Clisbee, one year; Westervelt, one and 

a half years; D. M. Bosworth, one and a half years; 
Richard Grosvenor, one year; and Rev. John Patchin, 
who began his services in 1878. The deacons are 
Richard Carpenter, James Garrison, Mr. Youngs and 
Benjamin Salisl)nry. The church is now in a pros- 
perous condition and numljcrs about fifty members. 

ST. Mary's chukch (catholic). 

In the year 1855 Father Louis Filiere organized St. 
Mary's Clnucli, and the same year the congregation 
erected the commodious church-edifice at Olmstead 
Falls. Father Filiere remained in charge as priest 
until 1874. fie was succeeded by Father Edward J. 
Murphy, who remained until 1876, when he gave 
place to Father James M. Cullen, the present incum- 
bent. The church-building was originally erected in 
the north part of the village, but has been moved to 
a pleasant site in the southern portion. A stone 



490 



THE TOWNSHIPS OP CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



parsonage stands near it, and there is also a school- 
house, in which a school has been kept for the last 
few years. The councilmen are John Dalton, Patrick 
McCarty and Joseph Ward. There are now about 
forty families connected with the churcli. 

FIRST CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH (OLMSTEAD FALI.s). 

This was the first churcli organized in the town- 
ship, of which any record is preserved, the date of 
its formation being the l(5th day of April, 1835. 
The first members Were Mary Ann Fitch, Jeruslia 
Loomis, Cynthia House, Catharine Nelson, Abner N. 
Nelson, Sylvester Nelson, Sumner W. Nelson, William 
Wood, Mary Ann Wood, Rachel Wait, Emeliiie 
Spencer, Lydia Cune, Jotliam How, Anna S. How, 
Harriet Dryden, Esther E. Kennedy. 

The fortunes of the church have been very change- 
ful; some of the time no pastor has been employed, 
and still more of the time no records have been pre- 
served. It was at first connected with tlie Cleveland 
presbytery, but soon after Joined the Congregational 
association. Rev. Israel Mattison was the first 
regular pastor, beginning his services in 1831. 
Among those who have followed him have been Rev. 
James Steele in 1844; Rev. 0. W. White in 1854; 
Rev. E. P. Clisbee in 1857; Rev. Z. P. Disbrow, at 
various times from 1862 to 1870; Rev. Q. M. Bos- 
worth in 1876; Rev. Richard Grogan in 1877; Rev. 
John Patchin in 1878. The church building was 
erected in 1848. The trustees are Hugh Kyle, 0. W. 
Kendall and N. P. Loomis. 

OLMSTEAD FALLS UNION SCHOOL. 

This very creditable institution lias about a hun- 
dred and fifty scholars, and is graded in three depart- 
ments, primary, intermediate and high school, though 
sometimes only two teachers are employed. The 
school-house, a very fine brick building for a village 
of that size, two stories high, witii ample and con- 
venient rooms, was erected in 1874. 

LYCEUM, SCHOOL, ETC., IN DISTRICT NO. ONE. 

As we have stated in the general sketch of the 
township, a lyceum, or debating school, was organized 
in this district in 1837, and the people of "the 
Ridge " were somewhat noted for their fondness for 
whatever intellectual exercises could be indulged in 
in a secluded situation. In 1852, on the occasion of 
building a new school-house in district No. 1, eight 
young men and boys put tlieir loose change together, 
bought the old house, and moved it on to tlie land of 
Y. and E. Stearns to be used as a meeting-place for 
the lyceum. It was used for that purpose until 1860. 
The Good Templars were then given the use of it, 
and occupied it about fifteen years. In 1878 it was 
transferred to the district board of education, and is 
now used for the higher department of the grade 
school wliich has been orgauized in district No. 1. 



OLMSTEAD FALLS VILLAGE. 

First election April 7, 1856. Officers elected: 
Thomas Brown, mayor; Wni. S. Carpenter, recorder; 
H. S. Howe, N. P. Loomis, William W. Smith, Thos. 
Broadwell and George C. Knight, trustees. 

List of Mayors: Wm. S. Carpenter, 1856 and ■57; 
Wm. Giddings, (ChauceyMcad elected in May) 1858; 
0. W. Kendall, 1859 and '60; N. P. Loomis, 1861; 
.John Lay, 1862; Elisha Fitch, (W. S. Carpenter 
elected in May) 1863; D. H. Cottrell, 1864; 0. W. 
Kendall, 1865; H. K. Minor, 1866 and '67: L. B. 
Adams, 1869, '70 and '71; Luther Barnum, 1872, '73 
'74 and '75; L. B. Adams, 1876 and '77; re-elected 
for two years in 1878. 

PRINCIPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 

(so PAR AS THEY CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE RECORDS). 

1833. (Lenox) Trustees, Amos Briggs, Watrous Usher, Hosea Brad- 
ford; clerk, D. J. Siearns; treasurer, Isaac Frost. 
18a4. Not recorded. 
18y.5 and '26. Township annulled and divided. 

1827. (Lenox reorganized.) Trustees, Trutnan Wolf, Alvah St«arns. 
Elias C. Frost: clerk. D. J. Steams; treasurer, IsaacFrost; overseersof 
the poor. John Barnum, Elias P. Usher. 

1828. (Lenox) Trustees, Davis Ross, Alvah Stearns, Lucius Adams; 
clerk, D. J. Stearns; treas-urer. Thomas Briggs; overseers of the poor, 
E. C. Frost, H. Bradford. 

1829. (Lenox) Trustees, D. Ross, A. Stearns, L. Adams; clerk, D. J. 
Stearns; treasurer, Buel Peck; overseers of the poor, Peter Romp, Ar- 
dello Harris. 

18.30. (Olmstead) Trustees, Noble Hotchkiss, Davis Ross, Vespasian 
Stearns; clerk, D. J. Stearns (declined, and Jonas Clisbee appointed i; 
treasurer, A. Stearns; overseers of the poor, E. C. Frost, Jonathan 
Thompson. 

1831. Trustees, Vespasian Stearns. Elliott Smith, Amos Briggs; clerk, 
Jonas Clisbee: treasurer, A. Stearns; overseers of the poor, E. C. Frost, 
Thomas Briggs. 

1832. Trustees, A. Briggs, J. Barnum, John Kennedy ; clerk, J. Clisbee; 
treasurer, John Adams. 

1833. Trustees, J. Kenned)-, N. Hotchkiss, J. Carpenter; clerk, J. 
Clisbee; treasurer, J. Adams; overseei's of the poor, D. Ross, George 
Keeler. 

1834. Trustees, D. J. Stearns, N. Hotchkiss, L. Adams: clerk, Orson 
Spencer: treasurer, J. Adams; overseers of the poor, Elliot Stearns, J. 
Adams. 

18.35. Trustees, D. J. Stearns, William Wood, Nelson Hoadley: clerk, 
O. Spencer; treasurer. J. Adams; overseers of the poor, N. Hotchkiss, 
J. Carpenter. 

1836. Trustees, William Wood, Jonas Clisbee, Hiram Fiisbee: clerk, 
O. Spencer; treasurer, Nahum Rice; overseers of the poor, Amos Briggs, 
CjTus P. Dryden. 

18:17. Trustees, Hiram Frisbee, Vespasian Stearns. Nelson Hoadley; 
treasurer, Hiram B. Gleason; clerk, Chester Phillips: overseers of the 
poor. William Wood, Xahum Rice. 

18:58 Trustees, Peter Kidney. Vespasian Stearns, John Kennedy; 
clerk, Jotham Howe; treasurer, H. B. Gleason; overseers of the poor, 
J. Carpenter. Sanford Fitch. 

WW. Trustees, Hiram Frisbee, Sanford Fitch, John Kennedy; clerk, 

A. W. Ingalls; treasurer, Jotham Howe: overseers of the poor, O. W. 
Hotchkiss, Abner Nelson. 

1K40. Trustees. Vespasian Stearns, Chauncey Fitch. William Wood; 
clerk, Jotham HOwe: treasurer, Elisha Fitch; overseers of the poor, 
John Carpenter, Alden Thompson. 

1811. Trustees, John Kennedy, Horace F. Adams, Chauncey Fitch; 
clerk, J. H(jwe; treasurer, Elisha Fitch: overseer of the poor, Amos 
Thompson. 

1842. Trustees, H. Frisbee. J. Kennedy, S. Fitch; clerk, Chester Phil- 
Ups: treasurer, Hiram Gleason; overseers of the poor, E. Fitch, N. B. 
Sage. 

1813. Ti'ustees, Vespasian Stearns, H. Frisbee, S. Fitch; clerk, C. 
Phillips; tieasurer, E. Fitch; overseers of the poor, Amos Briggs, Orson 
Spencer; assessor, D. J. Stearns. 

1814. Trustees, John Kennedy, Elliott Stearns, Josepi S. Allen; clerk, 
C. Phillips: treasurer, William Romp: overseers of the poor, H. B. 
Gleason, J. N. Lawrence; assessor, John Barnum. 

1M5. Trustees, Oliver Weldon, C. Fitch, E. Fitch; clerk, C. Phillips; 
treasurer, Wm. Romp: assessor. J. Kennedy: overseers of the poor, N. 

B. Gage, E. Pitch. 



OKANGE. 



491 



1»(0. Trustees, Caleb Cook. Elisba Fitch, Geo. McKilllp; clerk, C. 
Phillips: treasurer, J. Kennedy; assessor, D. J. Stearns. 

1W7. Tiiistees, H. Frisbee, S. Fitch, ,Iohn Carpenter; clerk, .I.itlmni 
Howe; treasurer, Newton P. Lnomis; assessor, V. Stearns. 

IM.-*. Tnistees, H. K. Miner, Amos BrittRs, I). J. Stearns; cleik. .1. R. 
Henry; treasurer, Thomas F. Husted; assessor, Chester Phillips. 

18l!l. Trustees, Eli Fitch, John Kennedy, Norman Dutcher; clerk, J. 
K. Henry; treasurer, Jotham Howe; assessor, C. Phillips. 

ItttO, Trustees, buel Stearns, Chnuncey Fitch, Alanson Tilly; clerk, 
Elliott Steams; treasurer, .Tothani Howe; assessor, C. Phillips. 

1S51. Trustees. Sanmel Daniels, Elias P. Usher, Caleb Cook; clerk, 
Geo. W. Thompson ; treasurer, William Romp; assessor, Chauncey Fitch. 

mvi. Trustees, Samuel Dsniels, E. P. Usher, Cileb Cook; clerk, G. 
W. Tliompson; treasurer, \Vm. Romp; assessor, C Fitch. 

\k:1. Trustees, E. P. Usher, I'eter Kidney, John Ames; clerk. G. W. 
Thompson; treasurer, J. Howe; assessor. C. Fitch. 

IKyt. Trustees, E. P. Usher, Chauncej- Mead, Harvey Barnum; clerk, 
G. W, Thompson; assessor. Chauncey Fitch. 

1C55. Trustees, Cyrus P. Dryden, Harvey Barnum. Eli Fitch; clerk. 
A. G. Hollister; treasurer, Henry S. Howe; assessor. (,'. C. Fitch. 

IH-Oti. Trustees Chauncey Fitch, Thomas Brown, Buel Stearns; clerk, 
N. I'. Loomis; treasurer, Elisba Fitch; assessor, Francis Fitch. 

IfHT. Trustees. C. Fitch, T. Brown, B. Stearns; clerk, N. P. Loomis; 
treasurer, E. Fitch; assessor, F. Fitch. 

1S5H. Trustees, Eastman Bradford, James P. Rice, C. R. Vaughn; 
clerk, Jas. H. Strong; treasurer. N. P. I..oomis; assessor, C. C. Fitch. 

IH.5!1. Trustees, C. R. Vaushn, Lewis Short. Charles C.irpenter; clerk, 
J. H. Strong; treasurer. Eastman Bradford; assessor, Buel Stearns. 

l.SiiO, Trustees, Henry R<'nip. O. C. Lawiencc, Eli Filch; clerk, Rich- 
ard Pollard; trea-uier. Elisba Fitch; assessor, C. C Fitch. 

IStil. Trustees, Calvin Geer, Luther Barnum, J. W. Fitch; clerk, O. 
W. Kendall; treasurer, C. P. Diyden; assessor, Newell Nelson. 

iwa. Trusiee.s. J. \V. Fitch, H. Romp. Benoni Bartlett; clerk. Juhn 
G. Fitch; treasm-er. Elislia Filch; assessor, Buel Stearns. 

1«)8. Trustees. S. W. Fitch, H. Hofftyzer, Benj. Salisbuiy; clerk. John 
G. Fitch; treasurer, William W. Mead; assessor, Newell Nelson. 

IWM. Trustees, J. G. Fitch, G. W Kennedy, C. R. Vaughn; clerk, N. 
P. Loomis; treasurer, W. W. Mead; assessor, Newell Nelson. 

IWB. Trustees, Chauncey Fitch. C. C. Fitch. Wui. Busby ; clerk. J. G. 
Fitch; treasurer. Wui. W. Mead. 

I8Bfi. Trustees. Eastman Bradford, Calvin Geer, Charles S. Underbill; 
clerk, J. G. Fitch; treasurer, W. W. Mead; assessor, G. W. Kemiedy. 

1H67. Trustees, Eistman Bradford, Newman Pickard. Charles C. 
Fitch; clerk, J. G. Fitch; treasurer, W. W. Mead; assessor, Gardner 
Stearns. 

leiiS. Trustees. C. C. Fitch. Benoni Bartlett, Lester B radford; clerk, 
Asahel Osborn ; treasurer, W. W. Jlead ; assessor, Gardner Stearns. 

1H69. Trustees, O. P. Smith, J. R. Ruple, Elisba Fitch; clerk. Asahel 
Osborn; treasurer. W. W. Mead; assessor, James R. Shaw. 

18T0. Trustees. Calvin Geer. David H. Barnard. Benj. Salisbury; clerk, 
A. Osborn; treasurer, W. W. Jlead; assessor, R. T. Elliot. 

IKTl. Trustees, B. Salisbury, Lester Bradford, O. P. Smith; clerk, J. 
G. Fitch; treasurer, W. W. Mead; assessor. Gardner Stearns. 

1872. Trustees. D. H. Barnard, C. C. Fitch, Wm. ,1. Camp; cleik, 
Henry Northrop; treasurer, W. W. Mead; assessor. .Inel Hall. 

1S7:1. Trustees. D. H. Barnard, C. C. Fitch, M. E. Baker; clerk, R. 
Pollard; treasurer, \V. W. Mead; assessor, R. T. Elliot. 

1874 Trustees, Wm. J. Camp. Jas. Hicky, Wm. Busby; clerk, Rich- 
ard IVllard; treasurer, Wm. W. Jlead; assessor, Lawrence Uramley. 

187.i. Trustees, Wm. Bu.,by, G. W. Kennedy, L. C. Taney; clerk, 
Henry Norihrop; treasurer. Geo. R. Dryden; assessor, Lawrence 
Bramley. 

l!*7(i. Trustees, Clayton >harp, G. W. Kennedy, L. C.Taney; clerk, 
Henry Noilhrop; treasurer, G. B. Dryden; assessor, Henry Romp. 

1877. Trustees. Clayton Sharp. Wm. T. Williams, John Hull; clerk, 
J. G. Fitch; treasurer, G. B. Dryden; assessor. G. W. Kennedy. 

1878. Trustees, Clayton Sharp, Wm. T. Williams, William Daniels; 
clerk, W. D. Beiniett; treasurer, G. B. Dryden; assessor, Erastus Libby. 

l.'<7!i. Trustees. Clayton Sharp, W . F. Williams, W. W. Darrald ; clerk_ 
\V. D. Bennett; treasurer, George B. Dryden; assessor, Erastus Libby. 



D.VVID .JOHNSON STEARNS. 

Eli|pli;ilot Slearns wa.s of English descent, and was 
u cajitiiin in the American forces during (he Hevolu- 
tion. Ills .son Elijah, a native of Massiicliu.<clts, 
served witii liini, acting at first as his servant. I)ut 
being afterward jn'omoted to a lieutenancy, in which 
capacity he rendered zealous service in the cause of 
liberty. After his di.scharge at the close of tjie war, 
he located at Dover, Veniiimt. where in the year li93 



David Johnson Stearns, the subject of our sketch, 

was born; he being the second of eleven children. 

In 1815 David J. Stearns emigrated to Ohio, and 

settled on " IJtittcrimt Kidge," in Kingston, now 




Ulnistead, where he bought a tract of land, and cut 
the first tree, for the purpose of improvement, that 
was felled on the ridge. In February, 1819, he was 
married to Polly Barnum, of Fernsburg, Vermont, 
by whom he had eight children. 

Mr. Stearns was elected town clerk in 1823, and 
held the office for seven years without remuneration. 
In 1831 he was elected township trustee, serving two 
years, and he also acted as assessor one year. Politi- 
cally he has alw:iys been a Democrat. In religion he 
is a Univeralist, having been a member of that 
church sixteen years. Mr. Stearns remains a fair 
representative of jiioneerdays, contented to have been 
a successful farmer, free from ostentation, anil de- 
voted to the best interests of the ircojile around him. 
Being in fair health and good spirits, he enjoys life 
even in his old age, and the burden of his eighty-six 
years, rests very lightly upon him. 



CHAPTER LXXXI. 

ORANGE. 

Date of Settlement— Thomas King in IKIS— Names of those then there- 
Description of the Township- Organization— First Officers— List of 
Voters in 1830— Selb Mapes- AmosBoynton- Dr Witter— Ralph .\rnold 
—No Jlills. nor Stores— Abram Garfield— .lames A. Garfield— The First 
Store— Formation of Chagrin Falls— Area taken from Orange Pro- 
gressive Changes— Present Situation- Cheese Factories— Jlills- Stores 
-Methodist Church at the Center— Methodist Church on the Hill- 
Bible Christian Church— North Orange Disciple Church— South Orange 
Disciple Church- Free Will Baptist Church— Principal Township 
Officers. 

Immediately after theclose of the war of 1812-15, 
a few emigrants moved into townshij) seven, range 



493 



THE TOAVNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



ten, of the Western Reserve, the greater part of 
which is now conijjrised in the civil township of 
Orange. The first who located himself in townshiji 
ten, was Sereniis Burnet, who settled on the Chagrin 
river in 1815, but he was in that part which has since 
been included in the township of Cliagrin Falls. 
We are unable to fix with absolute ccrtaint}' the exact 
date of tlie first arrival in that portion of number 
ten which now belongs to Orange, but believe it to. 
have been in 1816. To a greater extent than in most 
townships, the old settlers of Orange have passed 
by death and emigration. Its oldest surviving pioneer 
is now Mr. Thomas King, of Orange Hill, whom we 
have consulted in regard to the earlj' history of the 
township, but whose unfortunate and extreme deaf- 
ness made it impossible to obtain more than the most 
meager details. 

Mr. King settled wliei'e he now resides in 181<S. 
The only residents of the present townsliip of Orange 
which he found at that time, were the families of 
Jesse Kimball, Eufus Parsons, John White and 
Theron White, all being on tlie high ground in the 
north part of the township. These families had been 
there at least one year at that time, and some of them 
he thinks two years; which is the reason why we fix 
the year 1816 as the probable date of the first settle- 
ment in the present township of Orange. 

The western part of that township was composed of 
the narrow vallej' of the Chagrin river, running al- 
most due north across it. Separated from this valley 
by a high, steep hill was a broad extent of high land, 
known as Orange Hill, comprising nearly all the 
northern j)art of the township. The land descended 
gradually to the south, and the portion south of the 
central line was only of moderate bight, but was yet 
composed of dry and somewhat broken ground, free 
from every susj)icion of swampiness. 'J'he soil was 
gravelly, with some clay, and, when covered with its 
native, heavy growth of beech, maple, oak, elm, etc., 
j)resented a more alluring appearance to the pioneers 
than some more fertile regions, made unwholesome 
by frequent swamps and miasmatic exhalations. As 
has been observed, all the first settlers located on the 
Hill, evidently determined to secure a healthful situa- 
tion as the first consideration. 

The newcomers went to woi'k zealously, making 
clearings around tlieir cabins, planting, sowing and 
reaping grain while the stumj)s still showed the marks 
of the axe, and obtaining ample supplies of wild mut- 
ton and woodland pork from the deer and bear which 
abounded on all sides of them. Several other settlers 
came during 1818 and 1819, and in the spring of 1820 
it was determined to have a new civil township. The 
requisite order was made by the county commission- 
ers on the 7th of June in that year; the name of 
"Orange"' was selected for the new township, which 
then comprised survey-townships six and seven in 
range ten, being the whole of the present Solon and 
Orange, and the greater part of Chagrin Falls. 

The first election was held at the house of Daniel 



R. Smith, on the 37th of the same month, when 
the following officers were chosen: Trustees, Eber 
M. Waldo, Caleb Liteh, Edmund Mallet ; clerk, 
David Sayler; treasurer, D. R. Smith; lister, Eber M. 
Waldo; appraiser, Lawrence Huff; overseers of the 
poor, Thomas King, Serenus Burnet; fence viewers, 
William Weston, Seruyn Cleaveland; supervisors of 
highways, E. Mallet, Rufus Parsons, Caleb Litch, 
Thomas Robinson. These were all residents of sur- 
vey-township number seven, as number six was not 
settled until the fall of that year, and all but the Bur- 
nets, and possibly one or two others, resided in the 
present township of Orange. 

Although we have been somewhat troubled about 
learning the facts in relation to the very first settle- 
ment, we have been very fortunate in ascertaining the 
condition of the townshiji at a little later period; for 
the first town-book shows in the record for 1833, a full 
list of those who cast their votes at the election on 
the 30th of May of that year. These wore as follows: 
Peter Gardinier, Jonathan Covey, Edward Covey, 
Jesse Kimball, Jacob Gardinier, Isaac Safler, Sylva- 
nus L. Simpson, William Weston, Caleb Alvord, Na- 
thaniel GooJspeed, Thomas King, Seruyn Cleaveland, 
Lewis Northrop, Clarimond Herriman, Benjamin 
Jenks, Nathaniel Sherman, Joseph Watson, Amaziaii 
Northrop, Daniel R. Smith, Jacob Hutchins, Jedediah 
Buxton, Daniel S. Tyler, Asa Woodward, Silas T. 
Dean, Ansel Jerome, Luman Griswold, Serenus Burnet, 
Ephraim Towne, Benjamin Hardy, Cornelius Mills- 
pangh, Abel Stafford, Caleb Fitch, John G. White, 
James Fisher. 

The whole number was thirty-six. Besides these 
there were several whose names have jireviously been 
given, and who were evidently absent from the polls, 
so that there must have been between forty and fifty 
voters in the township; indicating a population of 
about three hundred inhabitants. The three or four 
settlers in the south part of number six, who then 
constituted the whole jjopulation of thepresent town- 
ship of Solon were evidently of the unanimous ojiin- 
ion that it was not worth their while to go so far 
through the woods to election, for none of their names 
appear on the list, ^j'rom 1833 the increase of popu- 
lation seems to have been decidedly slow during several 
years: for in 1838 only thirty votes were cast. 

Scth Mapes settled in the south part of the town- 
ship in 1837, where his son, John D. Mapes, was long 
a prominent citizen. In 1839 Amos Boyntoii, who 
had been a resident of the county (in Newburg) since 
1818, located himself about a mile and a half south 
of Orange Center, on the farm still occupied by his 
widow and his son, Mr. H. B. Boyuton. Mrs. Boyn- 
ton states that when they came, the township was 
still almost a wilderness. The road running north 
and south through the center had been laid out but 
had not been worked. Dr. Witter was then prac- 
ticing medicine at Orange Center, where he had 
been for two or three years, being the first physician 
in the township. 



ORANGE. 



493 



Tlie same year, 1829, Ralph Arnold settled in the 
lociilitj-. where he hjis since resided, in the southwest 
part of the township, he being now one of the oldest 
of the "old settlers." There was then no store, 
hotel nor mill in the present township, though there 
had been a very poor little giistmill on the river, 
which had been speedily abandoned. Most of the 
settlei-s took their grain to be ground at a little log 
mill, situated near the present village of Chagrin 
Falls. Deer were still numerous in the forest, and 
"the wolfs long howl" nightly menaced clanger to 
any sheep which should be found outside of a 
well-fenced yard. 

In 1S24 Abram Garfield, a half-brother of Amos 
Bovnton, settled on the farm adjoining that of the 
latter, and there, in the year 18.31, while the primeval 
forest still stood close around his father's log cabin, was 
born a child destined to become, before reaching the 
age of fifty yeai-s, one of the foremost statesmen of 
America — James A. Gai-field. A youtii spent amid 
the hardships of pioneer days strengthened his phys- 
ical frame without cramping his mind, and from the 
time he left his fathers farm in early youth until the 
present date, whether in military or civil life; whether 
as preacher, college-president, general, politician or 
statesman, his career has been one of almost urrinter- 
rui)ted success. 

The first store in Orange was established near where 
the "Bible Christian" church now stands, west of 
the center, about 18.3-5. It was kept up three or four 
years. About the time it was closed, a Mr. Bymont 
opened a store on the town-line of Warrensville, 
which was maintained about the sjime length of time 
as the other one. By this time the village of Cha- 
grin Falls was doing a considerable business, and the 
farmers of Orange generally went thither to do their 
trading, except when they visited the growing city of 
Cleveland. 

In the year 184.5 the township of Chagrin Falls was 
formed, embracing, (besides a part of Solon and 
(ieauga county) all that part of Orange comprised in 
the first division of tract number three CAcept lots 
one, two and three in that division. The area of the 
section thus taken from Orange l^jpked a trifle of two 
and a half square miles: leaving a little over twenty- 
two and a half square miles within the boundaries of 
that township. 

Since that time Orange has contained nothing that 
could be called even a small village. Its existence 
has i>assed in the peaceful pursuits of a thoroughly 
:igricultunil community. Its annals are therefore, of 
necessity, brief. Between 184«> and 1S50 occurred 
the principal part of the change which must always 
take place in every new country wheu the log houses 
give way to framed ones, and the section passes from 
the pioneer period to the farming period. Only a 
few log houses lingered after 18-50. 

When treason assailed the nation's life the sons of 
Orange did their full part with the rest of the soldiers 
of Cuyahoga county, and their names will be found 



among those of their respective regiments in the gen- 
eral history of the county. 

Since the war the township has been largely de- 
voted to dairying, and there are now three cheese 
factories in it; that of J. P. Whitlam, at Orange Cen- 
ter; that of M. A. Lander, about two miles southwest 
of the center, and that of David Sheldon on Chagrin 
river, two miles east of the center. The steam saw- 
mills of James Graham near Chagrin river and close 
to the township of Chagrin Falls, and that of John 
Stoneman a mile west of the center are the only man- 
ufacturing establishments in the township. 

Orange Center consists of a small store, three or 
four houses, a Methodist church and a post office. 
North Solon post office, notwithstanding its name, is 
also situated in Orange township, half a mile ea.st 
from its southwest corner. A store was opened there 
in 18G0 by Mr. Elbridge Morse. In 18C3 he sold it to 
G. G. Arnold, the present proprietor, who had for 
three or four years previously been keeping a store 
near the residence of his father, Ralph Arnold. 

METHODIST EPISCOPAL CHCBCH (ORAXGE CEXTER). 

This church was organized in 1839. The first 
members were P. C. Gordon, Mary A. Gordon, IIenr\- 
Gordon, Alanson Smith, Henrietta Smith, .Jesse Luce, 
Sophia H. Luce, Sophia Weller, Reese Bowel. Mar- 
garet Bowel, William Case, William Lander, Mary A. 
Ijander, Caroline Lander, Ansel lender, Abigail Lan- 
der, Clarissa Hennessy, Ferris Thorp, Sarah Gardeu- 
ier, J. J. Hennessy, William Hennessy. Henry Gor- 
don was the first class-leader. 

Rev. Mr. Halleck was the first pastor. Meetings 
were held at the school-house and at the residence of 
members until 1868, when the present neat framed 
edifice was erected. There are now about seventeen 
members. The following have been the pastors since 
Mr. Halleck, on this circuit, with the years in which 
their services began, as fully as could be ascertained 
from the scanty records: William F. Wilson and 
Hiram Kellogg, 1841: Timothy (Joodwin and Lorer- 

zo Rogers : S. C. Freer and R. H. Hnrlbut, 1849; 

Lake, 18.52; E. Lattamore and Benjamin Excell, 

18-53: William Patterson and S. Reynolds, 1854; 
William Patterson and A. Fonts, 1855: William Lum 
and J. B. Hammond, 18-57; Thomas <Jray, 1858: 
Hiram Kellogg, 1859; Cyril Wilson, 1800; M. Wil- 
liams, 1802: J. K. Mendenhall, 1863: Albert Norton, 
186.5: Rev. Mr. Warner, 1867: Rev. Mr. Brown, 1869: 
Rev. Mr. Radeliffe. ISTo; Robert Gray, 1871; Hinim 
Kellogg, 1N72: Rev. Mr. Darrow, 1875: Samuel Col- 
lins, 1876: George Johns, 1877; F. L. Chalk, 1878. 

THE METHODIST tHlKCH OX OKAXGE HILL. 

Preaching was held there by the Methodists as 
early as 1830. A small church was organized, and 
in 1847 a framed house of worship was erected. The 
chnrch edifice belongs to Warrensville circuit, which 
also includes the one at Orange Center, and when there 
has been preaching on the bill, it has been by the 



494 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



ministers named above, in the sketch of the cliurch 
at the center. There are now bnt a small number of 
members on the hill, and the services are not nu- 
merous. 

THE BIBLE (HRISTIAX CniUCH. 

A '• Protestant Methodist " clnn-ch was organized 
among the people of the central part of Orange as 
early as 1840, or before. After a time the members 
largely adopted the views of the " Bible Christian 
sect," and the church was reorganized under that 
name. About 1848 a small church building was 
erected, where the cemetery now is, a mile west of 
Orange Center. Here the congregation worshijied 
until 1865, when the present more commodious edi- 
fice was built, a little west of the former location. 

The system of the " Bible Christians" is very much 
the same as that of the Methodists, and this church 
was in the same circuit with Chagrin Falls until 1873, 
when it was connected in a circuit with two 
churches in Warrensville. Rev. George Rippin was 
the first Bible Christian preacher who officiated in 
Orange. He was followed by Kev. Messrs. Hodsre, 
Roach, Pinch, Hoojser, Colwell, Wicket, Chapel, 
Tethna, Johns, etc. Rev. George Johns was pastor 
fi-om 1873 to 187fi; Rev. George Bodle from 1870 to 
1878; and Rev. Herman Moon became pastor in 1878. 

THE NOUTII ()l!AX(iE DISCIPLE rilURf'H. 

This chuich was formed on the 28th day of July, 
1845, with fifteen members. The first elders were 
William T. Hutchinson and Ira Rutiiorford. For 
aiiont fifteen years the church flourished, and the 
number of members increased to thii'ly, bnt during 
and since the war they have largely migi'ated to otiier 
parts, and the organizalion has been bi'oken nj). ■ 

SOUTH ORASGE DISCIPLE CIURCH. 

This was formed on the 2nd day of March, 1845. 
Amos Boynton and Z. Smith were the first overseers. 
Like the North Orange church, it flourished for a 
time, bnt emigration and other causes were too power- 
ful disorganizers to be successfully withstood. 

THE FREE WILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

The members of this organization reside in Orange 
and Solon, mostly in the vicinity of the line between 
the two townships. Theie were services held by 
jireachers of tiiis faith for many years before the 
church was organized, which event occurred on the 
25th day of April, 1808. The Rev. W. Whitacre was 
the first minister; John Wentmore and Joseph A. 
Burns the first deacons; Wm. Mills, J. A. Burns and 
John Wentmore the first trustees. Mr. Whitacre 
continued as pastor until 1873, when he was succeeded 
by Rev. J. C. Steele. A framed church was built in 
1870, on the north side of the town line road, half a 
mile east of North Solon post office. 



PRINCIPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 
(obtained from the records.) 

1830. Trustees, Eber M. Waldo. Caleb Liteh. Edmund Mallett; clerk, 
David Latter; tieasurer, D. R. Smith; lister, Eben M. Waldo; appi-aiser, 
Lawi-ence Huflf ; overseers of the poor, Thon;as King, Serenus Burnet. 

1832. Trustees, Caleb Alvoi d, Benj. Hardy, Thos. King; clerk, James 
Fi.sher; hster, John G. White; appraiser, Edmund Mallett; treasurer, 
Caleb Litch. 

182.3. Trustees, Seruyn Cleavoland, N. Goodspeed, Jas. Fisher; clerk, 
C. Alvord; treasurer, D. R. Smith; lister, D. R. Smith; appraiser, C. 
Litch ; overseers of poor. Thomas King, Edward Covey. 

1821. Ti*ustees, S. Cleavelaud, N. Goodspeed. J. Fisher; clerk C. A\- 
vord ; treasurer, D. R. Smith ; lister, C. Alvord ; appraiser, Serenus Bur- 
net ; ovei seers of poor. S. Cleaveland. E . Covey. 

1825. Trustees, N. Goodspeed, S, Burnet, Samuel Lull; clerk, C. Al- 
vord; treasurer, Edward Covey; lister, Theron White; appraiser, Jede- 
diah Burton; overseers of poor, S. Cleaveland. D. R. Smith. 

1826. Trustees. E. Covey, S. Burnet, Jonathan Cole; clerk, .\nsel 
Young; treasurer, S. Cleaveland; overseers of poor, D. R. Smith. C. 
Litch. 

1827. Trustees, S. Burnet, J. Cole, E. Covey; clerk, A. Young; treas- 
urer, Thos. King; overseers of poor, J. Buiton, Jonathan Covey. 

1828. Trustees, Jas. Fisher. C. Litch S. Cleaveland. 

1829. Trustees, Lawrence Rufif, Isaac Fames, William Luce; clerk, 
C. Alvord; treasurer, E. Covey; overseers of poor, S. Bui-net, J. Cole. 

18-30. Trustees. E. Covey, J. Wilier. D. R. Smith; clerk, C. Alvord; 
treasurer, S. Cleaveland; ove seers of poor. T. King, C. Litch. 

18-31. Trustees, Jas. Fisher, Fred'k Mallet, Wm. Smith; clerk Samuel 
G. Harger; treasurer, S. Cleaveland; overseers of poor, C. Litch, E. 
Covey. 

18S2. Trustees, Amos Boynton, Jas. Fisher, L. Huff; clerk, S. G. 
Harger; treasurer. E. Covey; overseers of j. oor, C. Lite!), T. King. 

18-33. Tiustees, C. Litch, A. ' oynton, L. Huff; clerk, S. G. Harger; 
treasurer, Wm. Luce; overseers of poor, E. Covey, S. i urnet. 

18;54. Trustees, Saxtou R. Ralhbuu, Cyrus Phelps, Joseph Cline; 
clerk, Michael G. Hickey; treasurer. Wm. Lander; overseers of poor, 
Wm. Luce, L. Huff. 

18.35. Tiustees. E. Covey. S. Burnet, A. Boynton; clerk, C. Alvord; 
treasurer, Wm. Lander; overseers of poor, Hem-y Abel, Ethan Wait. 

1S36. Trustees, M. G. Hickey, S. R. Ralhbun, E. Burnet; clerk Cyrus 
Phelps; treasurer, W'm. Lander; overseers of poor, Thos. King, Phares 
Thorp. 

1837. Trustees, S. R. Rathbun, Cotton J. Pratt. Samuel Nettleton; 
clerk, Henry W. Gordon; treasurer, Wm. Lander; overseers of poor 
P. Thorp. L. Huff. 

1S.38. Trustees, J. Cole, C.J. Pratt, H. Abel; clerk, Elbridge Smith; 
treasurer. Wm. Lander; overseers of poor, G. Thorp. Asahel Jerome. 

18-39. Trustees, J. ( ole, C. J. Pratt, S. Nettleton; clerk, L 1>. Williams; 
treasurer, C. J. Pratt; overseers of poor, Phares Thorp, Elestus 
Arnold. 

1840. Trustees, J. Cole, S. Nettlelon, Howard S. Allen; clerk, L. D. 
W'illiams; treasurer. Wm. Lander; overseers of poor, Samuel Robin- 
son, Edmund Burnet. 

1841. Trustees, H. Church, Asahel Green, H. Abel; clerk. C. T. 
Blakeslee; treasurer, Stephen Burnet; overseers of poor, Wm. Luce, 
Thos. Marlett. 

1842. Ti-ustees, H. Church. H. S. Allen. B. Hardy; clerk, J. Cole; 
treasurer, S. Burnet; overseers of poor, Ethan Wait, Orson Calhan. 

1843. Trustees, H. Church. H. S Allen, B. Hardy; clerk, S. Burnet; 
treasurer. Noah Graves; overseer of poor, S. Burnet, Jesse Luce. 

1S44. Trustees, J. Cole, E. Wait, Zadock Bowell; clerk. C. Alvord; 
treasurer, T. King; overseer of poor. Geo Fankell, B. Hardy. 

1845. Trustees, Elestu% Aruold, E. Burnet, B. Hardy; clerk, Thomp- 
son Willett: treasurer, John Whitlaw; assessor, James Handerson. 

1841). Trustees, E. Burnet, J. D. Mapes. Benj Sheldon; clerk, P. C. 
Gordon; treasurer, John Whitlaw; assessor, E Smith. 

1847. Trustees, J. D. .Mapes, Abram Tibbits, B. Sheldon: clerk, P. C. 
Gordon; treasurer, H. S. .\Uen; assessor, John WTiitlaw. 

1848. Trustees, A. Tibbits, H. Doloff, E. Burnet; clerk, P. C. Gordon; 
treasurer, H. S. Allen; assessor. A. Smith. 

1849. Trustees, A. Ti bits, H. Doloff, Wm. Smith; clerk, P. C. Gordon; 
treasurer, Wm. Lander; assessor. J. Handerson. 

1850. Trustees, H. Abel. J. Cole. S. Burnet; clerk, P. C. Gordon; treas- 
urer, Wm. Lander; assessor, J. Handerson. 

1851. Ti-ustees, Henry Abel. ,Zenas Smith, S. Burnet; clerk, P. C. 
Gordon; treasurer, Wm. Lander: assessoi-, Thomas Colby, 

1852. Trustees, E. .-Vrnold. C Gates. C. Cole; clerk, P. C. Gordon; 
treasurer. John W'hillaw; assessoi", Thomas Colby. 

1853. Trustees, John McLane, Jason H. Luce, Ainos Boynton: clerk, 
Wm. Stoneman; treasurer. Richmond Barbei*; assessor, Silas T. Dean. 

1854. Tiustees, S. Burnet, H. Ahel, T. Willett: clerk, P. C. Gordon ; 
treasurer, Wm. Lander; assessor, S. J. Smith. 

1855. Trustees, A. 5IcVeigh, J. McLane, J. D. Mapes; clerk, P. C. 
Gordon; treasurer, Wm. Lander; assessor, Wm. Stoneman. 

l!-.5li. Trustees, John D. Mapes, C. Cole, A. McVeigh; clerk, P. C. 
Gordon; treasurer, Wm. Lander; assessor, Christopher Jackson. 



ORANGE. 



495 



185T. Trustees. J. D. Mapes, Wm. Luce, Chas. Gates; clerk, P. C, 
Gordon; treasurer,.!. H. Luce; assessor, Christopher Jackson. 

wm. Trustees. A. Jerome, R. Lewis. H. Baster; clerk, P. C, Goi-don; 
treasurer. J. H, Luce; assessor, Christopher Jackson. 

l«.-)'.l. Trustees. John Whitlock. J. Bray. P. Farr; clerk, T. McVeigh; 
tieasurer, Wni. Lander; assessor, Christopher Jackson. 

1860. Trustees. Henry Price, Horace Rudd. F. Judd; cleik. W. P. 
Luce; treasurer, H. B. Boyuton; assessor, Chris' opher Jackson. 

isill. Trustees. H. Price, E. B. Pike. R. L?wis; clerk. W. P. Luce; 
treasiner, J. H. Luce; assessor. Christopher Jackson. 

IKUS. Trustees. E. B. Pike, Wm. Lander, H. Abell; clerk, W. P. Luce; 
treasurer. H. Price; assessor. Francis Rowe. 

1863. Trustees. Wm. Lander. L. Sawyer, H. Rudd; clerk, C. Jackson; 
treasurer, H. Price; assessor, F. Rowe. 

lSfi4. Trustees. H. Rudd, L. Sawyer, Alonzo Cathan; clerk, H. B. 
Hoynton; treasurer. J. H. Luce; assessor, F. Rowe. 

isiri. Trustees, J. Burton, E. B. Pike, H. B. Boynton; clerk, H. W 
fi.irdon; treasurer. J. H. Luce; assessor. E. Murfet. 

IKiiU. Trustees. Edwin Mapes, T. M. Veigh, F. Rowe; clerk, H. W. 
Uordon; assessor, E. Murfet. 

l.Hii" Trustees. D. C. Kimball. Wm. Stoneman, L Underwood; clerk, 
Charles Jackson; treasurer, J. H. Luce; assessor, Edward Murfet. 

im'8 Trustees, J. M. Burgess, Edwin Mapes, Jedediah Burton; clerk. 
Chas. Jackson; treasurer, J. H. Luce; assessor. F. Rowe. 

1869. Trustees. J. M. Burgess. A. Tibbits, E. Mapes; clerk, Charles 
Ja-.-kson; treasurer, Wm. Stonpmau; assessor, E. Murfet. 

1H70. Trustees, John Whitlaw, J. Baster, Elestus Arnold; clerk, Chas. 
Jackson; treasurer, Wm. Stoneman; assessoi', E. Murfet. 

isri. Trustees. .lohn Whitlaw, E. Arnold, Wm. Lauder; clerk. Chas 
.luckson; treasurer, VVni, Stoneman; assessor, M. A. Lander. 

IKra Trustees, S. .1. Burnett, H. Rudd, Edwin Mapes; clerk, T. Wil- 
lett; treasurer, Wm. Stoneman; assessor, Chas. Stone. 

Isri. Treasurer. H. W. Gordon. J. Q. Lander. E. B. Pike; clerk, T. 
Willett; treasurer, Wm. Stoneman: assessor, Chas. Stone. 

1S">. Trustees, H. W. Gordon, .1. Q. Lander, E. B. Pike; clerk, M. J. 
Roberts; treasurer, Wm. Stoneman; assessor, J. H. Gates. 

18711. Trustees, H. W.Gordon, E. Mapes, J. Burnet; clerk, P. H. Baker; 
treasurer. Wm. Stoneman; assessor, E. Murfet, Jr. 

ISVT. Trustees, .1. M. Burgess. J. J. Burton. A. Stevens; clerk, Edwin 
Mapes; treasurer, Wm. Stoneman; assessor, M. A. Lander. 

IH78. Trustees, C. L. Jackson. A. O. Stevens. J. M. Burge.ss; clerk, E. 
Mapes; treasurer, Wm. Stoneman; assessor, M. A. Lander. 

1ST9. Tnistees, Henry Abell, Wm. Whitlaw, Charles Thomas; clerk, 
E. Mapes; treasurer, Wm. Stoneman; assessor, M. A. Lander. 



AMOS BOYNTON.* 

(';ilt'l) liovnton, the fcat.lier of the siil)jt'ct of this 
ski'ttli. w;is ;i native of Massachusott.s. Wc know 
lint litllf of his genealogy or earlj' history, hut we find 
him in Worcester, Otsego county, New York, early 
ill tliis century. There he married Aseiiiitli (Jarfield, 
the widow of Thomas Garfield. :iiiil the iiKitiier. by 
her two hushands, of thirteen cliildrcn. l*"iiiir of 
tliose were Garfields: Polly, Bet.sey, Al)ram and 
'I'homas; Abram being the father of Hon. James A. 
(iarlield. iler children by Mr. Boynton were Anna, 
Amos, Martin, Nathan, Alpha, C'alista, Jerry, Wil- 
liam and John. It; 18(18 he removed wilh his f;miily 
lo Madrid, St. Lawrence county. New ^Oik. In 
1S18, in company with his son Amos, he m;ide a win- 
ter journey in a sleigh to Ohio, Avhitiier he was fol- 
hiwed by the remainder of his family the iiext spring. 
I If made his homo in Indejieiuience. Cuyahoga county, 
where he died in lS-21. lie was a soldier in the war 
of 1812. 

Amos Bovnfon, the second child of C'alel) and Ase- 
luith Hovnton, was l)orn in Worcester, Otsego county, 
New York, on the 9th day of September, 180.5. He 
lived with his fatiier in Independence, until the death 
of the hitter, when at the age of seventeen, he com- 
menced life for himself. He was employed for some 



By U. A. Hinsdale, .V.M., President of Hiram College. 



time on the construction of the Erie canal, and as- 
sisted his half-brother, Abram Garfield, several years 
in carrying out a large contract on the Ohio canal. 

On the 17th of October, 183G. he married Alpha 
Ballou, a younger sister of the wife of Abram Garfield. 
These two women belonged to the well-known Ballou 
family of New England; their father being James 
Ballou, of Cumberland, Khude Island, and their 
mother Mehitable Ingalls, of Richmond, New Ilami)- 
shirc. Mrs. Boynton was the youngest of six ciiildren, 
and was born in the same town as lier mother. May 
19, 1800. 

In 1829 Abram Garfield and Amos Boynton pur- 
chased each a small farm in Orange, Cuyahoga county, 
and on these farms they established their families. 
Their jiew homes were three miles from the present 
town of Clingriii Falls, and four miles from the vil- 
lage of Solon, but neither of those places then existed, 
and all around them was the almost unbroken wilder- 
ness, abounding in the wild animals so often men- 
tioned in this history. Their nearest neighbors were 
the Mapes family, a mile distant; the next nearest 
were in the north part of the township, nciirly three 
miles distant. 

The two sturdy men, earnestly seconded by their 
devoted wives, fell to work to clear up their farms, 
and to build up their homes. Mr. Garfield lived but 
four years; he died in 1833, leaving his four small 
children to the care of their mother. Mr. Boyuton 
lived to cle;ir uj) his farm, to rear a family, and to 
see the wilderness of 1839 transformed into a culti- 
vated land, covered by the homes of a numerous, 
thrifty, and happy population. But his struggle with 
nature was too much for his powers; his health broke 
down by degrees, and he was com|)clled to relin<piish 
his business little by little until, in the spring of 18GG, 
he left the farm antl removed to Cleveland, in search 
of that rest which he so much needed. The tjuest 
was va n; his native force was too much abated; he 
w;is t;iki'n wilh a lingering and painful illness, and 
dieil December 3, 180(5, in the sixty-second year of 
his age. 

Mr. Boynton was the father of seven chiUlren: Wil- 
Iluii .\. Boynton, who died at the age of twenty-nine; 
lleiiiy B., a farmer, now residing on the old home- 
stead; Harriet A., now Mrs. Clark, of Bedford; Phebe 
M., now Mrs. Clapp, of Hiram; Silas A., a distin- 
guished physician of Cleveland; Mary C, now Mrs. 
Arnold, of Grand Rapids, Michigan; and Bentley, 
who died at the age of fourteen months. Mrs. Boyn- 
ton, the companion of his forty years of married life, 
survived him, and still lives, honored and beloved, in 
the home of her husband's planting. 

The outline which has been thus sketched, is the 
framework of a life and character well worthy of care- 
ful study. 

Amos Boyuton was of medium size, of vigorous and 
enduring i)liysical powers, and of clear, strong, and 
well-poised mind. His oi)j)ort unities for obtaining 
the education of schools were i(uiie limited; being 



496 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



those of his time and State. He closely read the few 
hooks within his reach, hut the one book that he 
kneiv was the Bible. " His farm and family were the 
center of his life. He was a tireless worker, a close 
economist and a painstaking father. He was meth- 
odical in all things, to minuteness. His farm was 
the best kept in the neighborhood, his products went 
to market in the best order and commanded the best 
prices . 

In his business dealings he was honest to a farthing, 
and required men to be equally honest with him. He 
liad an invincible abhorence of everything like sham 
or false appearance; he had no idea of making money 
by tra-de or speculation, and the competence that he 
gathered was the slow result of hard labor and small 
savings. When he began life for himself the modern 
instruments for making pioperty did not exist. 
Boundless nature lay about him; he had himself, and 
tliat was all. He must work ceaslessly and save care- 
fully, or live in poverty. Still, his heart always 
strongly responded to the calls of the poor, the suffer- 
ing and the oppressed. In the community, he stood 
a standard of truth, honesty and justice. He also 
watched carefully over his children. Aided by his 
wife, who had herself been a teacher, he instilled into 
them a desire for education, and all but the one who 
died in infancy were at some time teachers. He 
gave them habits of industry, and implanted in their 
minds the great law of morals and the sentiments of 
religion. 

In the early pioneer times the use of intoxicating 
beverages was almost universal. The social cup was 
considered an indispensable part of hospitality. For 
one man alone to break through a universal custom 
and to practice and advocate temperance required 
much courage and strength of character. This Mr. 
Boynton did, in spite of the ridicule of nearly all his 
acquaintances, and he lived to see the good fruits of 
his worthy example. Intemperance and profanity 
were unknown in his family circle. 

Soon after removing to Orange, Mr. Boynton became 
interested in the subject of religion. Elder Adamson 
Bentley, a minister of tlie Discii)le church, moved to 
a locality within two or three miles of Mr. Boynton, 
and the latter was strongly drawn toward the gospel 
as held by that church. He was baptized by Elder 
Bentley on profession of faith in the year 1833, and 
continued a consistent and active Christian until his 
death. He was successively a member of three con- 
gregations — at Orange, at Solon and Cleveland, and 
was an officer in two of them. 

His knowledge of the bible was large and accurate. 
For years he carried a new testament in his pocket, 
and many a time he sat on his plow reading it while 
his team was resting. He was in no sense a polemic, 
but he did not hesitate, on occasions, to defend his 
cherished views against attacks, whether by unbeliev- 
ers or by tliose whom he regarded as errorists. Nor 
was he an antagonist to be despised. Numerous anec- 
dotes showing his powers in conversational contro- 



versy are still told. In the little neighborhood church, 
over which he presided as overseer, he was a public 
teacher of religion — plain, practical and scriptural. 
His clear insight, sense of justice, weight of charac- 
ter and religious spirit, made him a valued counselor, 
and he was often called on to aid neighboring churches 
in composing their difficulties; his good offices being 
sometimes needed to mediate between prominent min- 
isters who had become estranged. He was, as might 
be exjiected, a devout believer in Divine Providence, 
and from the beginning of the great rebellion, he 
adhered constantly to the belief that the Nal ion would 
triumph and that slavery would cease to exist. 

No better gauge of a life can be found than its in- 
fluence upon men, collectively and individually. It 
is not too much to say that Amos Boynton's spirit, in 
good degree, passed into the neighborhood where he 
resided. His industry, thrift, integrity and devotion 
to the true and genui)ie, constantly challenged imita- 
tion. 

After the death of Abram Garfield in 1833. Mr. 
Boynton stood in a peculiarly close and interesting 
relationship to the family of the deceased. General 
Garfield gratefully recognizes these obligations, and 
speaks in strong terms of appreciation of the extent 
and kind of his uncles' influence upon himself. Los- 
ing his father when but a year and a half old, living 
for the most part with his mother and sisters, deprived 
at home of that contact with a man which an enter- 
prising boy so much needs, young Garfield naturally 
received strong and wholesome impressions from his 
uncle. This came, partly in the way of wise counsel 
and direction, but more, probably, in the form of that 
unconscious influence which works so silently, yet so 
powerfully. 

This hard-worked farmer found time to aid the 
young men of the neigh oorhood in organizing and 
maintaining a debating society and he frequently took 
part as a critic and guide in the efforts of liis children 
and their young associates to •' think on their feet"' 
and defend their opinions. He was frequently made 
the judge of their debates, and his ai)proval was a re- 
ward worthy of their best efforts. 

A critic would have no difficulty in ])ointing out 
defects in Mr. Boynton's character, but it would bean 
unprofitable and ungrateful service. The more pro- 
nounced of these defects were due to two causes — his 
native type of character, and his environment. His 
type was that created in the school of John Calvin: 
strong, deep, narrow, just, true, severe. He was one 
of the last of the Puritans. Then, either circum- 
stances or inclination made him a pioneer. In some 
respects his surroundings strongly marked his mintl; 
in others he rose superior to them. Had he lived a 
half century later, he would have had larger views, 
more cultivation, and a mellower spirit; but his great 
traits would have been the same. His type — the Pio- 
neer engrafted on the Puritan — is passing away, in- 
deed is almost gone; but before it vanishes it should be 
faithfully painted in all its lights and shadows, for the 



PARMA. 



497 



benefit of posterity. This sketch has been prepared 
ill the hope that it will have some value not only as 
Hie story of a worthy man, but as a study of life and 
character. 



CIIAPTEE LXXXTI. 

PABMA. • 

Boundaries— Papulation and Physical Characteristics—Early Settle- 
ment— Benajah Fay— Conrad Countryman— Peleiiah Bliss— Wallsing 
to Connecticut for a Bride— A Large Accesson— Emerson, Hodgman, 
Nicholas, Small and Steele— Asherand Benjamin Norton— Rutus Scovil 
—Samuel Freeman— Early Hardships— Numerous Hunts— Scarcity of 
Grass— First Birth, Death and Marriage— Roads — The Harrison Proces- 
sion — An Irate Democrat — Formation of Parma — First Officers— List of 
Officers— Religious Matters -Free Will Baptist Church -First Presby- 
terian Church— St. Paul's Church— St. John's Church— Church of the 
Holy Trinity. 

Pauma. one of the youngest townsliii)s in Cuya- 
hoga, covers an area of five miles square, being the 
territory of survey-township six, in range thirteen. 
Brooklyn townsliip lies on the north, Royalton on the 
•south, Independence on the east, and ^liddlcburg on 
the west. Of the population of fifteen hundred, re- 
])()rted by the lastcensus, full two-thirds are estimated 
to be (Jernians and other foi'eigners — the former 
largely predominating, and manifesting their usual 
energy as thrift}', industrious husbandmen. They 
concentrate in settlements, have churches of their 
own, and, although somewhat clannish, are liberally 
rei)resented in the administration of public affairs. 

Tiie surface of the township on the north and west 
is generally level, but on the east is elevated and un- 
dulating. The soil is of a clayey character, and is 
handsomely productive. -Fruit is grown with success, 
but general farm products are the principal reliance 
of tlie inhabitants. Building and flag stones are ob- 
tained in considerable quantities, and of an excellent 
quality; Cogswell's quarry being the most productive. 
Several mineral springs are also found in the town- 
ship, and from these considerable water, of alleged 
medicinal virtue, is annually forwarded to Cleveland 
and other points. 

Parma has uo streams of any cousequence, uor has 
it any railway communication within its own limits, 
although that convenience is near at hand. It con- 
tains a strictly agricultural community, and has no 
village witliiu its borders. Nevertheless, its schools 
are excellent, its churches are plentiful, and the peo- 
ple generally appear to be in a prosperous condition. 

EAHLY SETTLEMENT. 

In the division of the Western Reserve, or by sub- 
sequent sale, township six fell to various proprietors 
— Tuckennan, Cheny, Ely, Blake, Plynipton and 
others, who early endeavored to promote settlement 
on their lands. In consequence, however, of the 
general impression that it was a swampy and unde- 
sirable region the owners found the task a difficult 
one. 

Benajah Fay, a native of Massachusetts, who came 
out from Lewis county, Xew York, was the first set- 

63 



tier in Greenbrier, as Parma was called before it was 
organized. In 1816 he located upon the PIym))ton 
tract. His family, consisting of himself, wife and 
twelve children, journeyed with an ox-team and one 
horse. Upon his arrival he had to cut a road through 
the woods to his farm. He opened a tavern in 1819 on 
the old stage road, in a double log house, opposite the 
present residence of J. W. Fay, which, as "B. Fay's 
Inn," was a famous landmark for many years. Mr. 
Fay was a man of mark in the new community, served 
in various local offices, and was always in high esteem 
as a useful and honored citizen. He built a framed 
tavern in 182G, and in 1833 replaced it with a brick 
one, which was the first brick house in the township. 
He died in April, 1860, aged eighty-five. 

In 1817 one Conrad Countryman, a " Mohawk 
Dutchman," took up a farm on the Ely tract, in the 
present township of Parma. Countryman lived in the 
western part, on the line on which afterwards ran the 
stage road between Cleveland and Columbus. In 
time he put up a blacksmith shop and a sawmill, in 
both of which enterprises he was the first in the town- 
ship. Mr. Countryman's eldest son built a house on 
his father's farm, and kept " bachelor's hall " in the 
immediate neighborhood of his father and the rest of 
the family. Besides being a miller, blacksmith and 
farmer, Mr. Countryman also kept a tavern, and with 
all his avocations he managed to keep himself quite 
busy. He resided in Parma, or Greenbrier as it was 
then called, until 182G, when, with his family and 
entire possessions he moved farther west. 

Peletiah Bliss, a Connecticut Yankee, traveled 
afoot in 1818 from New England to Ohio, carrying 
a pack on his back, and seeking for a location in the 
boundless west. On reaching " Greenbrier " he was 
favorably imiDressed with it, and accordingly pur- 
chased fifty acres of land on the Ely tract, where he 
built a shanty and soon made a clearing. 

Previous to making his western journey Bliss liad 
determined to marry a certain fair young damsel of 
Connecticut as soon as he got matters well shaped in 
a new home. So, after laboring upon his clearing a 
few years, until he thought he had prepared a fitting 
home for his bride, he set out for Connecticut on foot, 
living, it is said, upon salt pork during the entire trip. 
He reached his destination in due time (that is, in due 
time by that kind of conveyance), married the girl 
of his heart, and with her returned to Greenbrier; the 
wedding tour being made in a lumber wagon drawn 
by an ox-team, owned by Edwin Foot, of Connecticut, 
who was himself on the way to Brooklyn, Ohio. Bliss 
resided in Parma until his death. He had but ono- 
child — a daughter — who moved to Michigan. 

The settlement of the township was very slow until 
late in 1821 when there was an important accession in 
the families of Asa Emerson, Amos Ilodgman, Jesse 
Nicholas, Joseph Small and William Steele. These 
families had been neighbors in Maine and in 1817 
had removed together to the West; having all settled, 
though separately, in southern Ohio. They kept up 



498 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



communication with each other and, becoming dis- 
satisfied with their location in that region, they 
agreed to move north to "Greenbrier." In 1821 
they accordingly entered the township in company. 

Emerson, who had a family of nine cliildren, 
bought seventy-five acres on the Tuckerman tract, 
having lived for a brief time with Conrad Country- 
man before effecting his j^nrchase. Emerson was a 
carpenter as well as a farmer, and resided in Parma 
until liis death, in 1855. Of his cliildren, Oliver, 
Asa and Lucina (Mrs. Whitney) are still living in 
Parma. 

Amos Hodgnian also settled upon the Tuckerman 
tract, where he resided until lie died. Jesse Nicholas 
located upon the Ely tract, becoming a tavern-keeper 
and a farmer on the Columbus road. Joseph Small 
bought land on the Tuckerman tract and after a res- 
idence there of twenty-five years removed to Michi- 
gan. William Steele located on tlie Ely tract and 
died two years afterward, whereupon his widow re- 
turned to Maine; making the journey, it is said, on 
foot and alone. Of the members of the families 
above named, who came in 1821, the only ones now 
living in Parma are John Hodgman and Asa and Ol- 
iver S. Emerson, and they throe are the earliest sur- 
viving residents of the township. 

Asher Norton and family came from Vermont in 
1823, and settled in the southeast corner of the town- 
ship. Mr. Norton lived there until 1863 when he 
removed to Bi-igliton (in Brooklyn township) where 
he died. His brother Benjamin took up a farm ad- 
joining Asher's about the same time (1823) on which 
he remained until 1859, when he changed his resi- 
dence to Brecksville. Rufus Scovill, a brotlier-in-law 
of the Nortons, settled near them in 1823, and re- 
mained a resident of Parma until his death. Nehe- 
miah Toms, who also married a sister of the Norton's, 
located near the latter in 1823, and there died. Ab- 
ner T. Beals, an early settler in Eoyalton, removed 
from that township to Parma in 1825, and, after re- 
maining a short time in the northern part, eventually 
settled on tlie Ely tract, on tlie line of tlie stage road. 
Mr. Beals resided in Parma until 1870 when he moved 
to Michigan, where he died. 

In 1825 Samuel Freeman, with his wife, ten chil- 
dren and a hired man, made the journey from Massa- 
cliusetts to Ohio, via the Erie Canal and Lake Erie, 
and reached Benajah Fay's inn, in Greenbrier, on the 
night of Saturday, May 26, 1825 — twenty days after 
leaving New Enghind. Mr. Freeman bought a piece 
of land on tlie Plynipton tract, and, while he was 
building a residence of his own he and his family 
lived for forty days in the newly-built barn of Bena- 
jah Fay. Mr. Freeman became a man of considerable 
local consequence in Parma. He was the first justice 
of the peace, the first school-teacher and the first post- 
master. He took an active part in forwarding the 
religious interests of the little settlement, and was 
withal a citizen whose influence was always felt for 
good and whom liis fellow citizens held in high regard. 



The early settlers in Parma experienced naturally 
the same difficulties, privations and trials nsually en- 
countered by Western pioneers, and bore them with 
like fortitude. Indians did not trouble them, but 
savage beasts caused much annoyance, and grand 
liuuts for bears and wolves, in which all the towns- 
men joined, were frequently resorted to, to get rid of 
the marauders. Even as late as 1842 the ravages by 
wolves and bears were very serious, and in that year 
the people of Parma united in a general hunting 
party, and spent several days in waging a war of ex- 
termination against them. 

Good gi'ass appears not to have been very plenti- 
ful in Parma for a considerable time after its settle- 
ment, as hay for the cattle had to be brought from 
Middleburg, little except browse being obtainable in 
Parma. Baking bread on a board before a wood fire 
and roasting meat by suspending it upon strings hung 
over the fire, were two of the customs of those prim- 
itive days. For some time the nearest gristmill was 
in Middleburg. It was not always easy to obtain 
wheat bread, but "johnny cake," made from corn 
ground in a home "stump mortar," did good service 
in its place. When Moses Towl built a gristmill on 
Big creek, in Parma, it was considered a great im- 
provement, and Mr. Towl was looked upon as a pub- 
lic benefactor. 

The first person born in Parma was Lucina, daugh- 
ter of Asa Emerson. Her birth occurred in March, 
1823. In mature life she served with distinction for 
three years as hospital nurse in tlie Union army dur- 
ing the rebellion of 1861-65. 

The first death in the township was that of Isaac 
Emerson, a young mau of seventeen, who died in the 
winter of 1823. He was buried on the Countryman 
place. The next deaths were those' of William Steele 
and his child, who were buried near young Emerson's 
grave, on the banks of Big creek. When the ceme- 
tery on the Medina road was laid out the remains of 
Isaac Emerson were transferred thither, but the 
graves of Steele and his cliild were undisturbed, 
and their bones still lie upon the bank of the creek, 
althougli the spot is entirely unmarked. 

The lirst marriage ceremony was celebrated at the 
house of .Josejih Small, when his daughter Lois was 
wedded to Ephraim Fowls, of Middleburg. An at- 
tendant upon the occasion states that the event, al- 
though a novel one in the townshij), was an exceed- 
ingly <|uiet one. 

In March, 1827, the town was divided into road 
districts, the first being "two miles in width on the 
west side of the town and running a line through tlie 
town north and south jiarallel with the west line; 
the second running a north and south line through 
the town parallel with the east line; the third to in- 
clude the remainder of the town." 

The road now known as the Brighton and Parma 
plank road was at an early day the Cleveland and 
Columbus turnpike, over which there was a vast 
amount of travel, and ujioii which, within the limits 



'Ai;.MA. 



of I'arma, there wi're four taverns. Wlieu William 
Henry Harrison was elected to tlic l^residency a hand 
of his adherents in Cleveland mounted a canoe upon 
wheels, and escorted it over tlic turnpike to Co- 
lumbus, with much hilarious demonstration. When 
the procession readied the house of Asa Yaxi- 
erson, in Parma, that worthy citizen, being an 
untlinehino: Democrat, was much disgusted with the 
Harrison disjilay. He hastily hoisted one of his 
wife's red petticoats upon a broomstick, and marched 
dcliantly alongside tiie big canoe, waving his flag 
and taunting the Harrisonians until the latter were 
seriously angered, and he thought i)est to desist, lest 
they should resort to violence. 

In April, 1827, one year after the township was 
organized, the treasurer reported that lie had re- 
ceived in cash for road taxes in 1826 the sum of 
*l(i.84, and $11.38 in road certificates. The town- 
ship is believed to have been called Greeiiluier before 
its organization on account of the abundance of that 
shrub in many places. York street was so named be- 
cause of the settlement along its line of a community 
from the State of New York. 

As already stated, the township is a juirely agri- 
cultural one. The only manufacturing enterjiriscs of 
either early or late days were the following: William 
and Dudley Humphrey, who came to Parma from 
Connecticut in 1830, pursued for fifteen years, or 
until 1851, the mannfacture of clock-cases, in which 
they set works procured from Connecticut. They 
then sold the clocks through the country, and dur- 
ing their residence in Parma they carried on (juite an 
extensive business. 

ORGANIZATION. 

On the Ttli of JIarch, Greenbrier, which until then 
had lieen a portion of the civil township of Brooklvn, 
was formed into a separate township and given the 
name of Parma. The first townshij) election was 
held on the first Monday in April, 182C, at the house 
of Samuel Freeman, on which occasion Asa Emerson, 
Jesse Nichols and David Adams were the judges of 
election; Peletiali Blis.s and Oliver Emerson were the 
clerks. The officers chosen were Peletiali Bliss, town- 
ship clerk; Asa Emerson, Samuel T. Varney and 
David Adams, trustees; Benajah Fay and Jesse 
Niciiols, overseers of the poor; John Hodgman and 
Benjamin Norton, fence-viewers; Peletjiah Bliss, treas- 
urer; Asher Norton and Amos Hodgman, super- 
visors of highways; Peter Countryman, constable. A 
list of the [lersons who have served the townshiji as 
trustees, clerks and treasurers, from organization to 
I87'J, are given below. 

1826. Trustees, Asa Emerson, Sam '1 T. Varney, Daviil Adams; clerk, 
Pcletiah Bliss; treasurer, Peletiah Bliss. 

18s!7. Trustees, Benajah Fay. Sam'l Freeman, Asher Norton; clerlt, 
L.vndon Freeman: treasurer, David Adams. 

1838. Trustees, Benajah Fay Sam'l Freeman, Benjamin Norton ; clerk, 
David Adams; treasurer, Asa Fay. 

1829. Trustees, .\sher N.>rton, David Adams, Oliver Emers m; clerk, 
Itumar Adams; treasurer, Jacob Countryman. 

IS.*. Trustees. Thos. Adams, Asa Emerson, Benjamin Norton; clerk 
Oliver Emerson ; trettsurer, Jacob Countryman. 



1S31. Trustees, Sam'l Freeman, Asher Norton. Peter Countryman; 
clerk, Lyndon Freeman; treasurer, Benajah Fay. 

1832. Trustees, Asher Norton, Daniel Greene, Oliver Emerson; clerk, 
John S. Greene ; treasurer, Benajah Fay. 

1833. Trustees, Benjamin Norton, John Wheeler, Oliver Emerson! 
clerk, Reuben Emerson; treasurer, Benajah Fay. 

18.34. Trustees, Reuben Hurlburt, Dudley KobiTts, Rufus .Scovill; 
clerk, O. J. Tultle; treasurer, Benajah Fay. 

18.35. Trustees, Benjamin Norton, Reuben Hurlburt, B. Snow; clerk' 
Reuben Emerson; treasurer, Jos. W. Kilboru. 

18:30. Trustees, Barzilla Snow, Reuben Hurlburt, David t'lark; clerk. 
Lyndon Freeman ; treasurer, John A. Ackley. 

1S.37. Trustees, David Clark, Reuben Hurlburt, .r<>rBmiah Toms; clerk, 
Reuben Emerson; treasurer, Lewis Reynolds. 

Wm. Trustees, David Clark, Reuben HurlbuH, Alfred Cleveland; 
clerk, Henry K. Freeman; treasurer, Oliver Emereon. 

18.39. Trustees, Sam'l S. Ward, David-Clark, Moses Fowls; clerk, Asa 
Emerson, Jr.; treasurer, Oliver Emerson. 

1810. Trustees, John J. Bigelow, Chas. Stroud, James Walling; clerk, 
F. F. Cogswell; treasurer, Reuben Hurlburt. 

1841. Trustees, Reuben Hurlburt, I.J. Lockwood, Win. Humphrey; 
clerk, Jas. M. Brown; treasurer, David Clark. 

1842. Trustees, Reub»n Hurlburt, I. J. Lockwood; clerk, F. F. Cogs- 
well; treasurer, David Clark. 

1843. Trustees, Reuben Hurlburt, Barzilla Snow, Lewis Roberts; clerk, 
Jas. M. Brown; treasurei-, Stephen Potter. 

1844. Trustees, Asher Norton Almanza Roberts, Moses Fowl: clerk, 
F. F. Cogswell; treasurer, John J . Bigelow. 

1845. Trustees. Isaac Burnham, Almanzt Roberts, Alfred Cleavelaud; 
clerk, F. F. Cogswell; treasurer, Reuben Emerson. 

1846. Trustees, Dudley S. Humphrey, Bela Norton Barzilla Snow; 
clerk, Jas. M. Cogswell; treasurer, Oliver Emerson. 

1M7. Trustees, Asher Norton, D. S. Humphrey, Moses Fowl; clerk, 
Jas. M. Cogswell; treasurer, Oliver Emerson. 

1848. Trustees. Philip Henninger, Almanza Roberts, I. J. Lockwood; 
clerk, Ja.s. M. Cogswell; treasurer, Oliver Emerson. 

1849. Trustees. Moses Fowl, David Clark, Daniel Stephan; clerk, Jas. 
M. Cogswell; treasurer, Jas. M. Brown. 

1850. Trustees, Jas. M. Cogswell, Almanza Roberts, Phili|) Heninger; 
clerk. Palmer Snow; treasurer, David Clark. 

1851. Trustees, Philip Heninger, Alfred C'leaveland; clerk. Palmer 
Snow; treasurer, Moses Fowl. * 

18.52. Trustees, Wm. C. Warner, G. Wangelin, ^Umanza Roberts; 
clerk. Palmer Snow; treasurer, Moses Fowl. 

1H53. Trustees, Almanza Roberts, Philip Heninger, Levi Bartholemew ; 
clerk, F. F. Coerswell; treasurer, Moses Fowl. 

1854. Trustees, Almanza Roberts, Asher Norton, Cyrus Ingersoll: 
clerk F. F. Cogswell; treasurer, Oliver Emerson. 

18.">5. Trustees, Oliver Emerson, John Mead, Philip Heninger; clerk. 
Palmer Snow; treasurer, J. W. Fay. 

18.J6. Trustees, Almanza Roberts, Philip Heninger, Edward Eggleston • 
clerk. Palmer Snow; treasurer, .leremiah \V. Fay. 

1857. Trustees. Almanza Roberts, Philip Heninger, Edward Eggleston ; 
clerk, Jas. M. Cogswell; treasurer, JVIarcus A. Brown. 

1858. Trustees, .\hnanza Roberts, Edward Eggleston, Henry Kuntz; 
clerk, Jas. M. Co.;swell: treasurer, Lewis Roberts. 

18.W. Trustees, Almanza Roberts, Henry Kuntz, Reuben Gates; clerk, 
."Vsa Emerson; treasurer, John A. Ackley. 

1860. Trustees, Oliver Emerson, Moses Fowl, Philip Kline; clerk, .\sa 
Emerson; treasurer, Cyrus Ingersoll. 

1861. Trustees, Wm. Redrup Henry Kuntz, Jas. M. Brown; clerk, A. 
McArthur; treasurer, Jacob A. Stroud. 

1862. Trustees, Marcus A. Brown, Chas. Umstaeter, E. M. Norton; 
clerk, Edward Eggleston: treasurer, Jacob A. Stroud. 

1863. Trustees, Thos. Davis, Lewis Schwob, Erhart Geiger: clerk, 
Edward Eggleston; treasurer, Cyrus Ingersoll. 

18IH. Trustees, David Clark, Henry Kuntz, Erhart Geiger; clerk, Ed- 
ward Eggleston; treasurer, Moses Fowl. 

1865. Trustees, Leonard Snow, Marcus A. Brown, Oliver Emerson; 
clerk, Edward Eggleston; treasurer, John A. Ackley. 

1866. Trustees, Leander Snow, Chas. J. Pond, Jacob Wetzel: clerk, 
Jas. M. Cogswell; treasurer, Cyrus Ingersoll. 

1867. Trustees, Henry Deutzer, Jas. M. Brown. Jacob Hoffman; clerk 
Asa Emerson; treasurer, J. W. Fay. 

1868. Trustees, Henry Deutzer, Leander Snow, Edward Brainard; 
clerk, Asa Emerson ; treasurer, J. W. Fay. 

1869. Trustees, Almanza Roberts, O. F, Nichols, Henry Deutzer: clerk, 
Theo. M. Towl; treasurer, Lewis Clark. 

1870. Trustees, Almanza Roberts. W. J. Marshal, H. Deutzer; clerk, 
Theo. M. Towl: treasurer, John Hobhs. 

1871. Tnistees. Leander Snow Almanza Roberts. Jacob Wetzel: 
clerk, R. N. Hodgman: treasurer, John Hobbs. 

1872. Trustees, .1. .1. Bigelow, H. Deutzer, J. Hobbs; clerk, T. M. Towl; 
treasurer, O. F. Nicholas. 

1873. Trustees, John Hobbs, Wm. Rederup, Philip Unkrich; clerk, S 
B. Ingersoll ; treasurer, O. F. Nicholas. 



500 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



1874. Trustees, Henry Kuntz, Asa Emerson, Ralph James; clerk, S. 
B. Ingersoll; treasurer, Chas. Stearns. 

1875. Trustees, Jacob Wetzel, Wm. Redrup, Philip Unkrich; clerk, S. 
B. Ingersoll; treasurer, John Hobbs. 

1876. Trustees. Christ. Tauber, Madison Robb, Conrad Foster; clerk. 
S. B. Ingersoll ; treasurer, John Hobbs. 

1S77. Trustees, H. Deutzer, C. Tauber, A. McArthur; clerk, S. B. 
Ingersoll; treasurer, John Hobbs. 

187-t. Trustees, Wm. Wagner. H. Krather, O. S. Emerson; clerk, S.B. 
Ingersoll; treasurer, PhiUp Klein. 

1879. Trustees, Philip Unkrich, Chas. Forochner, O. S. Emerson; 
clerk, S. B. Ingersoll; treasurer, E. D. Cogswell. 

RELIGIOUS MATTERS. 

The first sermon heard in Parma was delivered in 
1833, at the house of Asa Emerson, by Rev. Henr}' 
Hudson, of Royallon, a Baptist minister. Mr. Hud- 
sou was also a doctor, and having been called to at- 
tend at the birtli of a daughter of Mr. Emerson, on 
a Saturday, he remained, and j)reached a sermon on 
the following day. A liasty notice was sent out, and 
the inhabitants gathered in full force at Mr. Emer- 
son's house, and were refreshed with a renewal of 
their earlier religious experiences. Mr. Hudson 
preached in Parma quite often after that, and, as the 
early settlers in that township were principally Bap- 
tists, he never lacked hearers. Besides Mr. Hudson, 
Rev. Mr. Jackson, of Wooster, also preached to the 
Baptists of Parma, and although thus it will be seen 
that tlie Baptists were the only ones who enjoyed 
early religious worship) in Parma, and yet, somewhat 
curiously, no church of that denomination was ever 
organized there. 

FREE WILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

Tins church was organized about 1830, in the 
southeast corner of the township, with but a handful 
of members, among whom were David Pond, John 
Johnson, J. W. Kilburn, Alfred Cleveland and Moses 
Ware with their wives. David Pond was the first 
deacon, and Moses Ware tjie first elder. In 1839 
there was a great revival when forty persons were 
added to the membership, which rose in that year to 
sixty. Among the early preachers were Elders Ran- 
dall and Walker, the latter of whom was the leading 
spirit in the revival Just mentioned. The organiza- 
tion never owned a clmrch-building, but used a 
school-house as a place of worship. Toward 1864, 
the membership grew small by degrees, and the 
church was dissolved in that year. 

FIRST PRESBYTERIAX CHURCH. 

The first Presbyterian Church of Parma was or- 
ganized as a Congregational Church November 7, 
1835, with fourteen members, as follows: Samuel, 
Sarah, Sarah B. and Celinda Freeman, James M. 
Cogswell, Beulah G. Adams, Catherine Ann Ferrell, 
Mary H. Cogswell, Descom and Susan Chapin, 
Frederick and Harriet Cogswell, Catherine Ferrell 
and Arvin Kennedy. The first clerk was Frederick 
F. Cogswell, and the first elders, Samuel Freeman, 
James M. Cogswell and Descom Chapin. At the first 
meeting it was resolved '• not to take for a member 



any j^erson who is a dealer in, or manufacturer, of 
ardent spirits." 

On the 10th of January, 1836, the Lord's Supjier 
was administered by Rev. B. B. Drake. The first 
minister was Rev. Benjamin Page, who agreed to give 
half his time for $400 a year. After Mr. Page, the 
ministers were Revs. V. D. Taylor, Phineas Kingsley, 
C. B. Stevens, J. D. Jenkins, — -• Edwards and 
others. The membership in 1842 was thirty-seven 
and in 1844 it was forty. In August, 1879, it was 
thirty-six. The church, although Congregational 
was attached to the presbytery of Cleveland from the 
outset, and in April, 1874, it changed entirely to the 
Presbyterian denomination. 

Public worship was held in a township school-house 
until 1841, when the edifice now used, was erected. 
The church has had no ordained minister for several 
years, being in 1879, supplied by Rev. Anson Smythe. 
The elders in that year were William J. Marshall, 
Jacob Bailey and William Cogswell. 

ST. PAUL'S CHURCH (REFORMED PROTESTANT). 

Tliis congregation (German) was organized in 1858, 
and in that year built a brick church which is still 
used. Previous to tliat date, beginning in 1853, Rev. 
Philip Stempel, of Brighton, had preached to tlie 
German Protestants of Parma occasionally, in school- 
houses. 

At the building of the church, the trustees were 
Michael Hoag, Adam Halin, George Bauer, and John 
Huber, the membership being then about twenty-five. 
The membership in August, 1879, was forty-foui-. 
The pastor at that time was Rev. Mr. Kraus, and the 
trustees were George Bauer, William Keyser, Michael 
Hahn and Gottfried Klanzinger. 

ST. JOHN'S CHURCH (GERMAN EVANGELICAL LU- 
THERAN.) 

In 1867 a division took place in the congregation of 
the German Reformed Protestant church of Parma: a 
portion withdrawing and forming a sejiarate church, 
of the Evangelical Lutheran denomination, and they 
built a house of worship in 1868. At that time tlie 
membership was thirty-five, but it has been declining 
latterly, and now numbers but twenty. The first 
trustees were Michael Meyer, John Koch, and Gott- 
leib Miller; the first minister was Rev. Mr. Fuelir. 
Rev. Paul Littke is the present minister. The trus- 
tees are John Koch, Michael Meyer, and Christian 
Koch. The deacons are Andrew Hoag, John Sliarp 
and Deitrich Busch. 

CHURCH OF THE HOLY FAMILY (GERMAN CATHOLIC.) 

Rev. Father Quigley commenced in 1873 to hold 
Catholic religious services at the house of Conrad 
Rohrbach in Parma, and at the close of that year the 
congregation included eleven families. In 1873 a 
church edifice was built upon a lot adjoining Mr. 
Rohrbach's residence, and there the Catholics of Par- 
ma liave since worshiped. Conrad Rohrbach was tlie 
first trustee, and still serves as trustee, as does John 



ROCKPOET. 



501 



(iehi'ing. Following Fatlau- Quigley as priests, were 
Rev. Fathers O'Brien, Kiihbler, Zanipiel and Fide- 
liiis — the latter of whom is the present incumbent, 
and holds services once a fortnight. The average at- 
tenchuice numbers seventeen families. 

SCHOOLS. 

Tile first scliool tauglit in Greenbrier was conducted 
by Samuel Freeman, in his own house, during tlie 
winter of 1825. There Mr. Freeman taught his own 
children — of whom there were not a few — and those 
of such settlers as deemed book education one of the 
necessities of life. Parma's first school teacher was a 
well-educated man for those days, and he so trained 
liis children that after him three of them, Samuel, Jr., 
Lawrence and Lyndon also became school teachers. 

The first school district in the township was set off 
in May, 1826. In this district was Benajah Fay, Sam- 
uel Freeman, Thomas Adams, John Hodgman, Amos 
llodgman, Joseph Small, Peter Countryman, Asa Em- 
erson, Jesse Nichols and Peletiah Bliss. 

The second school district was set off in December, 
182G, in the northeast part of the township. At the 
same time the southeast corner of the township was 
made a portion of the fourth school district of Brecks- 
ville, and contained Benjamin and Asher Norton and 
Nelson Scovill. In 18T9 Parma was divided into 
nine school districts, in which the number of school 
children, between the ages of six and sixteen, was 
three hundred and ninety. The amount appropriated 
for school purposes in that year was *!2,000. 

POST OFFICE. 

Samuel Freeman was Parma's first jiostmaster; af- 
ter him the office was held successively by William 
Ilumphrey, Oliver Emerson and Harry Humphrey. 
Oliver Emerson was then appointed to a second term, 
and lias been the incumbent ever since. 



CHAPTER LXXX III. 

ROCKPORT. 

lioundaries and Surface— Detroit Street — Rocky River— Early Settle- 
ment—John Harbertson— Pliilo Taylor— The First Road— Daniel Miner 
—George Peakc— Dr. Turner— .\ Sa<l Misfortune— Datus Kelley and 
Others— Tlie Alger Settlement— Rufus WriRht- Henry Clark and 
Otliers- .Joseph Dean's Tannery— Bumins of Mills .lames Nicholson 
—Mars Wagar -Eliel Farr— Price French— David Harrington— Jona- 
than Parshall— First Death, Birth and Marriage— First Justice— In- 
dians— A Great Bear Hunt — An Early Temperance Pledge— Nineteen 
Voters to Eighteen Omeers— First Bridge— A Slender Outfit- Going to 
Michigan to Mill Granger City— .Joseph Larwill— Henry Caufleld— 
Township Organization— The First Voters— First Ofllcers- List of 
Principal Offlcers— Post Offices— Rockport Methodist Church- The 
Baptist I'hurch— First Congregational Church Free Will Baptist 
Church -Rocky River Mission— First New Jerusalem Church- Detroit 
Street Methodist Church— St. Patrick's Church— German Evangelical 
Church— German Methodist Church— Church of the Ascension— St. 
Mary's Church- Schools— Detroit Street Special District— The Rest of 
the Townshii>— Rockport Christian Temperance Union— The Temper- 
ance Sunday School— The Fruit Interest— Burial Places— Railways— 
Manufactiu'es. 

Rockport, one of the northern townships of Cuy- 
ahoga county, is number seven in range fourteen, in 

* The early expeditions through Rockport and the wreck of Brad- 
street's expedition in that township are narrated in the forepart of the 
general history of the county. 



the survey of the Western Reserve, and lies uiion the 
southern shore of Lake Erie. It contains twenty-one 
full sections of a mile scpiare each, and four fractional 
sections, the size of which is reduced by the lake. 
The township is bounded on the north by Lake Erie; 
on the south by Middleburg township; on the east by 
Brooklyn, and on the west by Dover. 

The surface of the country is level and the soil is 
generally productive, especially along the lake shore, 
where a rich fruit belt contributes largely to the 
wealth and prosperity of the township. South of that 
belt, fruit is also considerably cultivated but general 
farming is more largely followed, and with very 
profitable results. As a rule, the farmers are intelli- 
gent, thrifty and prosperous, their well cultivated and 
well appointed farms showing their success in life; 
while their handsome dwellings — which in very many 
cases might properly be called elegant — testify to the 
taste as well as the prosperity of the owners. 

Detroit street, as the extension of that street into 
Rockport is commonly called, follows the lake shore 
from the township line to Rocky river, au avenue of 
more than ordinary i)retensions, and is also a drive 
much fre(piented by the citizens of Cleveland. Bor- 
dering it on either side are numerous handsome and 
costly suburban residences, set in the midst of taste- 
fully kept grounds, and presenting on a summer day 
in connection with the smiling fields, the numerous 
patches of woodland and the broad expanse of the 
lake, a scene of beauty seldom surpassed. 

Rocky river, a rugged but shallow stream, flows 
through Rockport from the southern line near the 
southwestern corner in an exceedingly crooked course 
to the lake, passing nearly the whole distance between 
high and abrupt embankments, which at the river's 
mouth are handsomely wooded, and present a verv 
pictures([ue appearance. Here also, in suminei', peo- 
ple from Cleveland daily resort in large numbers, 
to enjoy the beauties of nature and to rejoice in the 
invigorating breezes which are wafted landward over 
the billowy bosom of Lake Erie. 

EARLY SETTLEMEXT. 

The first white person to settle in the township of 
Rockport (so goes an old record by Henry Alger, liiin- 
self a settle;- in Rockport in 1812) was John Harbert- 
son (or Ilarberson), an Irish refugee, who, with his 
family, located in the spring of 180'J upon the east 
side of Rocky river near its month. In the same 
year, and abont the same time, Wm. McConley. who 
came over fi'om Ireland with Harbertson, settled in 
Rockport upon a place now known as Van Scoter 
bottom. Neither Harbertson nor McConley tarried 
long in their new homes, whence they removed about 
1810; Harbertson going to Huron county, where he 
resided until his death. 

In 1808, Philo Taylor, who had moved from New 
York to Cleveland in 180G, agi-eed with Harmon Can- 
field and Elislia Whittlesey, as agents and owners of 
land in what is now Rockport, to locate in that town- 



502 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



ship. On the 10th of April in that year lie landed 
with his family from an open boat at the mouth of 
Rocky river. He selected a place on the east side of 
tlie river opposite the site of the Patchen House, put 
up a cabin and began a clearing. By 1809 he had 
effected material improvements there. At that time, 
Mr. Canfield, who had verbally agreed that Taylor 
should have the place, informed him that he would 
have to select some other spot, since it had been de- 
cided by the proprietors to lay out a town near the 
mouth of the river, and that the lot originally selected 
by Taylor would he wanted for that purpose. At 
this Mr. Taylor became exceedingly wroth. He sold 
his improvements to Daniel Miner, launched a curse 
against the mouth of Rocky river, and removed with 
his family to Dover. 

Until 1809 there was no highway between Cleve- 
land and the Huron river, that whole region being an 
almost unbroken wilderness. In that year the legis- 
lature made an appropriation for a public road be- 
tween these points, and selected Ebenezer Merry, 
Nathaniel Doan and Lorenzo Carter to superintend 
the work. This road crossed Rocky river near its 
mouth, and was the only one west of Cleveland until 
1814 or 181.5. Daniel Miner, who bought out Philo 
Taylor in 1809, came from Homer, New York, in 
that year and occupied Taylor's old improvenjents. 
In 181:i he began to build a mill upon what is still 
known as the "mill lot." Before it was completed 
Miner died, in February, 1813. Despite of Canfleld's 
sanguine expectations, the Taylor lot was never em- 
l^loyed as a part of the proposed town which indeed 
never existed save on paper. Miner kept a tavern 
and a ferry there in 1811. He shortly afterward 
bought out Harbertson on the same side of the river, 
and kept tavern in his old house in 1812. 

In 1809 the public highway, above referred to, being 
comjileted to Rocky river, one George Peake, a mu- 
latto, and his family were the first to pass over it in a 
wagon, by which they journeyed fi-om Cleveland to 
Rocky river, locating on the place lately owned by 
John Barnum. Peake had been a soldier in the Brit- 
ish army, and was in General Wolf's command at the 
taking of Quebec. Locating in Maryland he had 
married a black woman reputed to have owned "a 
half bushel of dollars." He had .settled with her in 
Pennsylvania, had raised a family of children, and 
when he moved to Rockport was accompanied by two 
grown sons — Gcoi'ge and Joseph ; two others — James 
and Henry — following soon after. The Peakes in- 
troduced an improvement in the foi-m of a hand grist- 
mill, which was exceedingly well liked by the few 
settlers, as grinding had previously been accom- 
plished by means of the "stump mortar and spring- 
pole pestle." George Peake died in September, 1827, 
at the great age of one hundred and five. 

In 1811 Doctor John Turner, a brother-in-law of 
Daniel Miner, came from the State of New York and 
located on the farm afterwards owned by Governor 
Wood. Two years afterward, while the doctor and 



his wife were away from home, their residence wa."-- 
burned to the ground and their two children were 
destroyed with it. After this calamity the family 
removed to Dover. While the Turners lived in Rock- 
port the newcomers were Jeremiah Van Scoter, John 
Pitts, Datus Kelley and Chester Dean' a brother-in- 
law of Kelley. Van Scoter located upon the place 
now known as Van Scoter's bottom, and after re- 
maining a year removed to Huron county. Mr. 
Kelley occupied the place now owned by George 
Merwin. In 1834, with his bi-other ha, he bought 
the now famous Kelley Island. 

On the 7th of June, 1812, Nathan Alger, with his 
wife and sons — Henry, Herman, Nathan, Jr., and 
Thaddeus P. — and his son-in-law, John Kidney, all 
from Litchfield county, Conn., settled upon sections 
twelve and thirteen, and founded what is to this day 
known as the Alger settlement. Two days later, 
Benjamin Robinson, afterwards son-in-law of Nathan 
Alger, came in from Vermont and took up a place in 
that settlement. Nathan Alger, Sr., died January 
21, 1813, being the first white person who died in the 
township. Samuel Dean, with his sons Joseph and 
Aaron W., moved into the township in 1814. Sam- 
uel Dean died in 1840, aged 85; his son Chester died 
in 1855; Horace B. Alger and Dyer Nichols came in 
during the fall of 1813. 

Benjamin Robinson, above referred to, was a 
famous hunter, and much addicted to a roving life; 
priding himself, iiuleed, upon his Indian habits. He 
became eventually an industrious member of the 
Alger settlement, but in his old age fell into evil ways, 
paid the penalty, and died in poverty at the age of 
ninety. 

RufuS Wright, a soldier of the war of 1812, re- 
moved in 1816 from Stillwater, N. Y., to Rockport, 
and bought of Gideon Granger three-quarters of an 
acre of land, now occupied in jDart by the Patchen 
House, on the west side of Rocky river, near its 
mouth. He paid $300 for it. evidently sharing 
Granger's belief that there was destined to be a great 
city near the natural harbor at the mouth of Rocky 
river. Wright put up a framed tavern of consid- 
erable size, and from 1810 to 1853 the house remained 
in the possession of the Wright family, passing in 
the latter 3"ear to Mr. Silverthorn. As the Patchen 
House, it is a remodeled and improved structure, 
still containing, however, a portion of the old build- 
ing. A part of the old tavern is now used by the 
widow of John Williams as a residence, a little south 
of the Patchen House. Mr. Wright built half of 
the first bridge at that point, kept a ferry there foi' 
some years, and assisted in cutting out the first road 
west of the river. 

About the time of Wright's settlement, Henry 
Clark, John James, Charles Miles, and Josoi)h Sizer 
came into the township, and between the years 181C 
and 1830 Clark and James were al so tavern keepers 
on the west side. The first tavern kept in the town- 
ship was, as already recorded, the one opened by 



EOCKPOET. 



50^ 



Daniel Miuor, to whom the court of oommou pleas of 
(Jiiyahoga county issued a license in March, 1811, re- 
newing it in 1812, and also granting a license to keep 
;i Ffiry. This tavern was only a log cabin, eighteen 
feet hv twonty-four, and stood on the east side of the 
river, near the end of the jiresent bridge. For some 
years after Miner's death his widow carried on the 
tavern, previous to which, for a brief period, Moses 
I'^ldred, who located in the township in the spring of 
I.S13, kei)t the stand. 

Joseph, a son of Samuel Dean, who settled in Eock- 
port in 1814, built and carried on the first tannery in 
tlie township, on the north ridge, where Lucius Dean 
now resides. In 1815 Joseph Larwill — afterwards 
tlie founder of C ranger City — built a mill near the 
mouth of Eocky river, but before he put it in opera- 
lion it was l)urned to the ground. A similar fate 
l>efell a mill which was built on the same spot in 1818 
by Erastus and Charles Johnson. In 1817 Datus 
Kelly built a sawmill in section sixteen, on the creek 
tinit crosses the north ridge. 

James Nicholson, at the age of twenty, traveled in 
18(13, afoot, from Barnstal)le county, Connecticut, to 
'J'l-umbull county, Oiiio, whence, after a residence of 
fifteen years, he moved, in 1818, to Eockport, where 
he had purchased two hundred and seventy acres of 
land, l^pon a jiortion of tiiat land his sou, Ezra 
Nicholson, now lives. Of James Nicholson's two 
children, who came with him, a daughter — Mrs. Elias 
Paddock, of Olmstead — is still living. Upon his ar- 
rival he put up a log cabin, and at that time was the 
only settler between the Cuyahoga and Eocky rivers. 
In 182G he erected a framed house a little west of 
wiiere Ezra Nicholson now lives, and shortly afterward 
iipencd it as a tavern. Mr. Nicholson resided in 
Kockport until his death, which occurred in Eock- 
port, when he had leached the age of seventy-six. 

Mars Wagar, with his wife, Keturah, moved from 
Ontario county. New York, to Cleveland in 1818, and 
in 1820 proceeded to Eockport, where he liad pur- 
ciuised one hundred and sixty acres of land, in sec- 
tion twenty-two, from Francis, son of Gideon Granger. 
He died in Hocki)ort in 1841, leaving a widow and 
several ciiiidreu, tlieformcrof whom still lives on the 
old homestead, at tlie age of eighty-five. Iler sons, 
Adam M. and Isiael !)., are jironiinent citizens of 
Kockport. 

In April, 1810, Eliel Farr, a farmer and surveyor, 
with his sons, Aurelius, Eliel, Jr. and Algernon, came 
into Eockport from Pennsylvania, and settled ui)on 
section sixteen. Price French left Ontario county, 
New York, in 1818, and settled in Indiana. lie moved 
from there to Eockport in 1828, with his wife and six 
children, and located upon the place now occui)iedby 
Ezra Nicholson. He disposed of that portion of the 
farm to James Nicholson, and afterwards occupied 
the j)lace where his son, A. G. Frencli, now resides. 

David llerrington, who went to Middleburg, Ohio, 
from Otsego county, New Y''ork, in IS'^l, settled 
two years later in Eockport, u|)on the place now occu- 



pied by bis widow. William and Mary Jordan located 
in 1837 upon the " Jordan place," on the Dover plank 
road. Mrs. Jordan still resides u]ion the old home- 
stead, surrounded by her children. 

Jonathan Parshall moved from New York to Eock- 
j)ort in 1821, purchased an acre of ground of Mars 
Wagar, and put up a log cabin near the house of the 
latter. Parshall was a liouse-carpenter, and also 
taught school a few weeks in Eockj)ort, but he was 
not very industrious, and in the course of time, being 
unable to pay even for his acre of land, he was dis- 
possessed of it. 

EAKLY INCIDENTS. 

Mention has already been made of the fact that 
Nathan Alger, Sr., was the first person to die in the 
township. The first white child born in the town- 
ship was Egbert, son of Philo Taylor, who was born 
in November, 1809. Addison, son of Datus Kelley, 
was the second, born in June, 1812, and the third was 
Philana D., daughter of Henry Alger, born in De- 
cember, 1812. The first couple resident in the town- 
ship, who were married, were Benjamin Eobinson and 
Amelia Alger, who were wedded in Cleveland No- 
vember 5, 1812, by George Wallace, Esq. There was 
no wedding in the township until January, 1814. 
Chester Dean, of Eockj)ort, and Lucy, daughter of 
Abner Smith, of Dover, were united by (ieorge Wal- 
lace, E.sq., at the house of Datus Kelley. Visitors to 
this wedding came from miles around uj)on ox-sleds, 
and the occasion, so says tradition, '• was one of great 
merriment." 

The first justice of the peace was Charles Miles, 
who was elected June 24, 1819. In that year, at a 
State election, but thirteen votes were polled in the 
township. 

Previous to 1812, Indians used to rendezvous in 
numbers at th.c mouth of Eocky river, and on an is- 
land in that stream they buried several of their dead. 
Upon that island, too, they left their canoes during 
the winter, while they went into the interior for game. 
U]ion returning in the si)ring, they were in the ha))it 
of building a fire at the head of each grave on the is- 
land. The Indians were friendly to the whites before 
the war of 1812, but on the outbreak of that conflict, 
many of them joined Tecuinseh, and none of them 
ever returned. 

A great "bear hunt" was organized in 1820, and 
the command entrusted to Joseph Dean, a famous 
Nimrod of the time. The line of the hunt reached 
from Eocky river to Black river, and included a 
small army of hunters. Of bears they got few, but 
the catch of deer was abundant. The hunt wound 
up with a grand jollification whereat whisky played 
an imjiortant part, as in truth it invariably did in all 
l)ublic, and many private events of the time. 

Whisky drinking was exceedingly popular and 
doubtless pernicious. At all events so thought Datus 
Kelley, who at a township meeting in 1827 astonished 
the company by presenting a temperance pledge for 



504 



THE TOWNSHIPS OP CUYAHOGA COtTNTY. 



signatures. There was a storm of opposition, and a 
loud outcry against what was called Kelley's onslaught 
upon liberty, but despite such a beginning, Mr. Kel- 
ley persevered in his purjjose and eventually succeed- 
ed in gaining many adherents to the cause. 

At the first townshij) election but nineteen voters 
lived in Kockport and as there were eighteen offices 
to fill it was remarked after the election that every 
man in the township either held an office, kept a tav- 
ern or owned a sawmill. 

The first bridge across Rocky river near its mouth 
Avas built in 18:21, by subscriptions, Rufus Wriglit 
paying about one-half the expense. There was a great 
gathering at the raising of the bridge, which con- 
sumed a week. When it was accomplished. Captain 
Wright invited all hands to his tavern, where the 
whisky jag passed merrily around and where the 
event was celebrated in so hilarious a manner that 
even the '"Squire" himself danced a jig on a table 
among tumblers and bottles, while the rest of the 
company cheered his efforts by singing Yankee Doodle. 

A sketch of the early experiences of the Algers, 
written by Henry Alger, narrates that when he 
reached Rockjjort, June 7, 1812, his p)ersonal prop- 
erty consisted of an axe, an old French watch, jjart 
of a kit of shoemaker's tools, a bed and seven cents 
in cash. As he had borrowed ten dollars to pay his 
way to Rockport, he was in no mood to idle away his 
time, but began at once to put up his log cabin, and 
furnished it with a "catamount" bedstead, a shoe- 
maker's bench and two stools. With that outfit he 
and his wife set up housekeeping. The only kitchen 
ware they had at first was an old broken iron tea ket- 
tle which young Alger happened to find on the lake 
shore. In the fall of 1813 Mr. Alger went thirty-six 
miles west of Painesville and threshed wheat for 
Ebenezer Merry, receiving every tenth bushel for his 
labor. This shows plainly enough that breadstuffs 
were very scarce and high at that time. 

In 1813 Mr. Alger went to Cleveland to get salt, 
and for fifty-six pounds of that commodity he worked 
nine days for S. S. Baldwin, and then carried it home 
afoot on his back. In a similar way he obtained flour 
— by chopping timber for Capt. Hoadley of Columbia. 
He chopped an acre of timber for one hundred pounds 
of flour, and carried the latter home on his l)ack — a 
distance of ten miles. 

When Philo Taylor first settled in Rockport, in 
1808, he went to mill in an open boat to the river 
Raisin, in the State of Michigan. The corn mills in 
Rockport at that early day were hollowed stumps for 
mortars, in which the grain was ground with what 
was called the spring-pole pestle. In 1810 a mail 
route between Cleveland and Detroit was established 
through Rockport. The mail, which weighed six or 
seven pounds, was carried on foot in a valise, by three 
men, stationed along the line. 

GRAXGER CITY. 

In 1815, Joseph Larwill, of Wooster, Ohio, came 
to Rock])ort and purchased tiie "mill lot" on the east 



side of the river, and also a tract on the west side 
near the mouth, where, with Gideon Granger, John 
Bever and Calvin Pease, he laid out a citj^, which was 
called Granger, in honor of Gideon Granger, a large 
land owner in Rockport and other parts of the Re- 
serve. A sale af the lots was widely advertised, and 
on the appointed day a great number of people were 
assembled from a considerable distance. Lots were 
sold at high rates; some bringing $60 each; the ex- 
citement ran high, and Larwill & Co. felt assured of 
a fortune. 

The first cabin built upon the site of the new city 
was put up by Charles Miles near where the Patchen 
House now stands, and in 1816 John Dowling, George 
Reynolds and Capt. Foster also erected cabins. In 
the same year, John James, of Boston, bought out 
Miles, who then located on the farm afterwards owned 
by Gov. Wood. James, who had brought out a small 
stock of goods, opened a store, and also a tavern, both 
of which he carried on until his death in 1820. 

In 1816, too, as ali'eady stated, Rufus Wright built 
a tavern there, and there were also several other set- 
tlers in the new city at that time, including Asahel 
Porter, Eleazer Waterman, Jose23hus B. Lizer and 
Henry Canfield, the last of whom built what was long 
known as " Canfield's old store." Mr. Caufield came 
from Trumbull county, Ohio, the home of his father, 
who had bought considerable land in Rockport. One 
day he met at his store a lady who had journeyed 
alone, on horseback, from Connecticut to Royalton, 
to visit her sister. He fell in love with her at first 
sight, married her shortly afterward, and moved with 
her to a farm east of the river, now owned by Collins 
French. He lived there but a short time, however, 
before returning to Trumbull county. 

One Fluke, a German, and a potter by trade, came 
from Wooster and settled in Granger City in 1817, 
and began to make brown earthenware. Shortly after 
that Henry Clark came along and opened a tavern, 
and one Scott moved from Painesville to join Larwill 
in the erection of a mill. They had got up the frame 
of a dam when winter set in, but in the spring tiic 
floods washed it entirely away. This deeidy discour- 
aged Mr. Larwill regarding the future of Granger 
City, and he abandoned the undertaking in disgust. 

The city struggled on a sliort time after this, but 
all kinds of business were soon abandoned there, and 
even the few scattered cabins were speedily deserted 
by their inmates. 

ORGANIZATIOX. 

Rockport was formed as a civil township in Feb- 
ruary, 1819, and on tiie first Monday in the follow- 
ing April it held its first election at Rufus Wright's 
tavern. Those who voted at that election were Rufus 
Wright, Asahel Porter, Henry Canfield, Samuel Dean, 
Chester Dean, Joseph Dean, Dyer Nichols, Daniel 
Bardin, John Kidney, John Pitts, John James, Chas. 
Miles, Erastus Johnson, Charles Johnson, Jose])hus 
B. Sizer, Datus Kelley, Jas. Nicholson, Benjamin 
Robinson and Henry Alger. 




JOHN P. SPENCER. 



Jonathan Spencer, the father of our subject, was 
born at East Greenwich, R. I., Dec. 6, 1778. He 
married Miss jNIoliie Jones, a native of the same 
town, wiio was born Nov. 27, 1781. In 1803 lie 
emigrated to Brookfiekl, Madison Co., N. Y., wiiere 
he puroiiased a farm. He was a tanner and currier 
by trade, and in hiter years a shoemaker. He resided 
in that State until 1834, when he came to Olmsted 
Falls, Cuyahoga Co., where he died Feb. 7, 1837. 
His wife's death occurred Feb. 10, 1835. 

John 1'. Spencer was the second son and child of 
a family of eight children of this worthy couple. 
He was born at Brookfield, Madison Co., N. Y., 
May 24, 1805. His education wits limited to what 
could be procured at the district school. In early 
life he assisted iiis father. At the age of twenty-one 
he left home and was employed on the farm for four 
seasons, in the winter teaching school. In 1830 lie 
left Brookfield and came to Ohio to seek his fortune. 
He selected one hundred and twenty-five acres of 
fertile land (which was at that time an unbroken for- 
est) in the southwestern part of Rockport, with the 
intention of making it his liome. On the 13tli of 
March, 1832, he married Miss Electa M., daughter 
of Junia and Hannah (Ingraham) Beach. To this 
worthy woman should be attributed an equal share 
of the success which has attended them. They now 
have the means to obtain the comforts and enjoy- 
ments that a life of industry and prudent forethought 
will secure. Their home is known for its hospitality, 
and the unfortunate are never turned away unaided. 

Mr. Spencer added to his landed possessions, so 
that at one time he owned two iiundred and twenty- 
five acres, but he has made su<-ii liberal distributions 
of property to his children, that he has now remain- 
ing only his original homestead. 



Mrs. Spencer was born in Norfolk, Litchfield Co., 
Conn., May 21, 1811. They have six children, all 
of whom are living : Henry B., born June 24, 1833 ; 
is unmarried, and lives with his father. Mary R., 
born March 25, 1835; was married Nov. 27, 1853, to 
James A. Potter. Hannah L., born Jan. 17, 1837; 
was married Feb. 2, 1860, to Francis W. Mastick. 
Amos B., born Jan. 21, 1839; was married March 
21, 18(;i, to Miss Nellie Mastick. John W., born 
June 30, 1841. During the war of the Rebellion 
he served as a volunteer for three and a half years in 
the 15tli Oiiio Battery. He was married Dec. 24, 
186G, to Miss Deborah Goldwowl. Frank J., born 
Sept. 16, 1849; was married Nov. 25, 1872, to Miss 
Lou Palmer. 

Mr. and Mrs. Spencer are now nearing their fifty 
years of married life. Tiieir children are living on 
fiirms, all within a mile of them. Their grandchil- 
dren are growing u|) around them, and their declin- 
ing years are made liajipy and pleasant l)y the satis- 
faction of knowing that their posterity are worthy 
citizens of the town of their birth. 

Upon arriving at the age required in his native 
State to perform military duty, Mr. Spencer was 
elected to fill an office in the company to which he 
belonged, and afterwards received a commission as 
ensign from Martin \'an Biiren, then Governor of 
New York, which he held until he remove*! to Ohio. 
Politically, Mr. Spencer originally belonged to the 
Democratic Jiarty, but upon the breaking out of the 
war he became a Jiepublican. Though never seeking 
the emoliuiienfs of office, yet he has, in years past, 
filli'd positions of trust in the township with honor 
and integrity, and is frecjuently consulted by his 
neighbors and friends, by whom his advice is thought 
worthy of respect and consideration. 



ROOKPORT. 



505 



Tlie chairiuaii of the meeting was Charles Miles; 
Die judges of election were Asaliel Porter and Datus 
Kelley. The officers chosen were Henry Alger, Riifus 
Wright and Erastiis Johnson, trustees; Henry Can- 
Held, clerk; James Nicholson and Samuel Dean, over- 
seers of the poor; Benjamin Robinson and Joseph 
Dean, fence-viewers; Joseph Dean, lister. 

Tlie first book of townsliip records has been lost, 
and tlio list of those W'lio liave served the township as 
trustees, clerks and treasurers, can be given only 
from 1832 to 1879. For that period it is as follow's: 

issa. Trustees, Dyer Nichols, Jared Hickeox, Chas. Warner; clerk. 
Dyer Eaton; treasurer, Calvin Giddings. 

1S33. Trustees. Alanson Swan, Dyer Nichols, John B. Robertson; 
clerk. Geo T. Barnum; treasurer, Ira Cunningham. 

I.s:i4. Trustees, ^Uanson Swan, Paul G. Burch, James S. Anthony; 
clerk. Geo. T. Barnum; treasurer, Ira Cunningham. 

18.'i5. Trustees, Alanson Swan, Jas. S. Anthony, Jas. Stranahan; 
clerk, Isaac P. Lathrop; treasurer, Solomon Pease. 

1836. Trustees, Jas. S. Anthony, Collins French, Henry Alger; clerk, 
Isaac P. Lathrop; treasurer, Solomon Pease; 

18.37. Trustees, Epaphroditus Wells. Joseph Dean, Benjamin Mastic; 
clerk. Isaac P. Lathrop; treasurer, Solomon Pease. 

1S38. Trustees, Joel Deming. Jas. S. Anthony, Guilson Morgan; clerk, 
Geo. T. Barnum; treasurer, Solomon Pease. 

18.3!) Trustees, Obadiah Munn, Israel Kidney, Elial Farr; clerk, Geo. 
T. Baruum; treasurer, Solomon Pease. 

l^UO. Trustees, Eliel Farr, Obadiah Munn, Jonathan Plimpton; clerk, 
Timothy S. Brewster: treasurer. .Solomon Pease. 

1841. Trustees, Asia Pease, Dyer Nichols, Israel Kidney; clerk, A. S. 
Li'wis; treasurer, Solomon Pease. 

1842. Trustees, Asia Pease, J. D. Gleason, P. G. Burch; clerk, G. T. 
Barnum; treasurer, R. Millard. 

ist:i. Trustees, Ehel Farr, W. D. Bell, John P. Spencer; clerk, Timo- 
thy S. Brewster; treasurer. Royal Millard. 

1844. Trustees, Chauncey Deming, Aurelius Farr, Benjamin Stetson; 
clerk, Aaron Merchant; treasurer, Kuyal Millard. 

1.S45. Trustees, Chauncey Deming, Joseph Leese, Dyer Nichols; clerk, 
Theophilus Crosby; treasurer, John D. Taylor; 

1846. Trustees, Chauncey Deming, John P. Spencer, O. W. Hotchkiss; 
clerk, Tbeiiphilus Crosby; treasurer, John D. Taylor. 

1847. Trustees, Hanford Conger, Aurelius Farr, Jas. Stranahan ; clerk. 
Royal Millard; treasurer, Benjamin Lowell. 

18W. Trustees, Hantord Conger, Chauncey Deming, Benjarain Mas- 
tick; clerk, G. T. Barnum; treasurer, F. G. Lewis. 

1K49. Trustee?, Aurelius Farr. Osborne Case, lienjaniin Mastick, 
clerk, G. T. Barnum; treasurer, F. G. Lewis. 

18,iO. Trustees, Royal Millard, Aurelius Farr, Wm. B. Smith; clerk, 
G. T. Baruum; treasurer, Truman S. Wood. 

1851. Trustees. Aurelius Farr, Thomas Hurd, Jas. Stranahan; clerk, 
(i. T. Hamuni; treasurer, Isaac Higby. 

185'.'. Trustees, Aurelius Farr, Thos. Hurd, J. hn West; clerk, John 
Barnum; treasurer, Lewis Rockwell. 

185:5. Trustees, .lobn P. Spencer, John Freeborn, Chauncey Deming; 
clerk, John Barnum; treasurer. Horace Dean. 

1.S54. Trustees, Frederick Wright, Ezra Bassett, John Blank; clerk, 
,lobn Barnum; treasurer, Horace Dean. 

1855. Trustees, Edward Hay ward, Ezra Bassett, A. Cleveland ; cleik, 
.John Barnum; treasurer, Horace Dean. 

1856. Trustees, J. T. Storey, Thos. Hurd, Benj. Mastick; clerk, Lu- 
cius Dean; treasurer, Horace Dean. 

1((.'>7. Trustees, John F. Storey, Benjamin Mastick, Obadiah Munn; 
clerk. Lucius Dean; treasurer, O. W. Hotchkiss. 

1858. Trustees, John F. Storey, Richard JlcCrary, Lucius Dean : clerk, 
John Barnum; treasurer, O. \V. Hotchkiss. 

1853. Trustees, John F. Storey. ObadiahJMunn, John Farr; clerk, A. 
M. Wagar. treasurer, O. W. Hotchkiss. 

1860. Trustees, Thos. Hurd. Benjamin Mastick, James Potter; clerk, 
Edwin Giddings; treasurer, O. W. Hotclikiss. 

1.861. Trustees, Thi.8. Hurd, Geo. Reitz, A. Kyle; clerk, Robert 
Kleury, treasurer, William Sixt. 

1862. Trustees, Thos. Hurd, Geo. Reitz, Wm. Jordon; clerk, A. .M. 
Wagar; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

1863. Trustees, Thos. Hurd. Geo. Reitz, Thos. Morton; clerk, A. M. 
Wagar; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

1864. Trustees, Thos. Hurd, Wm. Tentler, Calvin Pease; clerk, An- 
drew Kyle; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

1.865. Trustees, Wm. Tentler, Wm. L. Jordon, F. G. Bronson ; clerk, 
Andrew Kyle; treasurer. Wm. Sixt. 

1.866. Trustees, John F. Storey. F. Colbrunn, A. M. Wagar; clerk, 
John Barnum; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

61 



1867. Trustees, Allen Armstrong, F. Colbrunn, Alfred French; clerk 
John Barnum; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

1868. Trustees, Anthony Cline, Lewis Nicholson, John Gahan; clerk, 
Andrew Kyle; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

186!) and 1870. Trustees, John Gahan, Anthony Cline, Geo. W. An- 
drews; clerk, Andrew Kyle; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

1871 and 1872. Trustees, John Gahan, Geo. W. Andrews, Henry 
Southworth; clerk, Andrew Kyle; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

IH73. Trustees, G. T. Pease, Geo. W. Andrews, John Gahan; clerk, 
Andrew Kyle; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

1874. Trustees, G. T. Pease, Anthony Cline, John Gahan; clerk, 
Andrew Kyle; treasurer, Wm. Sixt. 

1875. Trustees, Anthony Cline, J. W. West, Fred Baker; clerk, O. P. 
Stafford; treasurer. Wm. Sixt. 

1876. Trustees, A. M. Wagar, John \V. West, Anthony Cline; clerk, 
H. A. Mastick; treasurer. B. F. Phinney. 

1877. Trustees, L. A. Palmer, J. W. West, A. M. Wagar; clerk, Edwin 
Giddiugs; treasurer, B. F. Phinney. 

1878 and 18711. Trustees, A. M. Wagar, George Fauchter, Geo. W. 
Andrews; clerk, E. P. Thompson; treasurer, B. F. Phinney. 

POST OFFICES. 

The first postmaster in Rockport was probably a 
Mr. Goodwin, who, about 1827, kept an office at 
Rocky river, on the old stage route. In 1829 the 
stage route was changed so that it passed over " Hog 
Back Hill," and crossed the river about a mile and a 
half above the mouth. Then Calvin Giddings, living 
on Hog Back hill, was appointed postmaster. After 
a while Giddings moved across the river and took the 
post office with him. About 1834: the office was re- 
turned to the mouth of the river, andRufus Wright, 
who then kept tavern there, was appointed postmas- 
ter. The office remained at Wright's until about 
1852. Abraham, Philip and Frederick, sons of Ru- 
fus Wright, being successively postmasters there. In 
1852 the office was removed a mile south, where Her- 
man Biirnum kept it a year, being succeeded, in 18.53, 
by Benjamin Phinney, who kept a store there. He 
retained the office until his deatli in 18G4. The office 
was then again returned to tiie moutli of the river, 
where John Williams was the postmaster until 18C5. 
Another change then took the office up the river 
about two miles, to the house of Andrew Kyle, who 
continued to be the postmaster there until 187o. 
This year the office was removed northward to the 
store of B. F. Phinney, who has been tlie incumbent 
since that time. A post office was again established 
at Rocky river in 1877, at the Cliff House, with Wil- 
liam Hall as postmaster. He Avas followed by A. T. 
Van Tas.scl, and he by James Starkweather; the latter 
being the present incumbent. 

Horace Dean, who kept store there, was flie fir.«t 
postmaster at East Rockport. After his time the 
incumbents have been 0. W. Hotclikis.8, William B. 
Smith, Jacob Tagardine, Adam Wagar and Josepli 
Howe, the latter being the postmaster during tlie 
present year, 1879. 

ROCKPORT MEXnODIST EPI.SCOPAL CHlKCIf. 

The Methodists residing in Rockport, on the west 
side of the river, enjoyed irregular worship in school- 
houses and private residences until 1847, when a 
house of worship was erected about a mile and a iialf 
west of the mouth of Rocky river. The fir.^t clas.« 
was organized in 1828. Willijim Jordan wa.s the 



506 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



leader; the other members being Dyer Eaton, Mrs. 

Mary Jordan, Whiting, • Bennett, Philena 

Alger, Sarah Doty, Polly Jordan and Sallie Usher. 
The organization took place in William Jordan's log 
cabin, and there worshijj was held for some time after- 
ward. 

The first preacher was Rev. Henry 0. Sheldon, a 
most industrious laborer in the moral vineyard. Upon 
the erection of the church building, in 1847, the 
trustees were John D. Taylor, John Barnes, Henry 
Ranch, Benjamin Lowell and Sidney Lowell. The 
church membership is now fifty. The leader is C. S. 
(liddings, who is also the secretary of the society. 
The present trustees are S. H. Brown, Mark Able, 
C. S. Giddings, F. McMahon, Ira Bnrlingame, C. N. 
Wise and Charles Cuddeback. The present pastor is 
liev. John McKean. 

BAPTIST CHURCH. 

This body was organized May 37, 1832, with the 
following members: Gideon Watrous, Royal Millard, 
Jolin Dike, Fanny Watrous, Amelia Robinson, Sarah 
Herrington, Anna Millard, Lydia Dike and Fannie 
M. Nichols. 

In 1838 a dissension arose, when several members 
withdrew and organized a new church on the opposite, 
or west, side of the river. The dissenters engaged 
Rev. Moses Ware as a settled minister, but their sepa- 
rate organization lasted only a short time. About 1842 
they returned to the mother church. 

The latter received from 1832 to 1847 one hundred 
and twenty-five members, but in the last named year 
the congregation had so far declined in strength that 
regular worshij) was abandoned. A further lapse of 
two years, failing to disclose any .lenewed vitality, the 
few remaing members met on the 20th of February, 
1850, and formally voted to dissolve the organization. 
A commodious meeting-house had been erected by the 
society, being completed in June, 1846. This house 
of worship — ^long known as " the Tabernacle" — has, 
since 1850, been given over to free public use for re- 
ligious worship, public entertainments, etc., and has 
for many years been in active demand, especially on 
Sabbath days. The Baptists gathered from time to 
time, after 1850, for worship in the tabernacle, and 
had frequent preaching about 1860 and afterwards, 
but no reorganization of the church has been effected. 

PIHST CONGKEGATIONAL CHUECH. 

This church was organized in 1835, but very little 
can be said touching its early history. Its existence 
was limited to a few years, and the records of those 
years are lost. 

The church was revived and reorganized, however, 
on the 24th of July, 1859, when Benjamin Mastick, 
Russell Hawkins, Lydia Hawkins, Louisa Trisket, 
Mary C. Kinney, Silas Gleason, Labrina Gleason, 
Andrew Kyle and Susannah Kyle comprised the num- 
ber who were received into membership. The first 
deacons under the reorganization were Ezra Bassett 



and Silas Gleason, and the first pastor was Rev. N. 
Cobb. His successors were Revs. J. B. Allen, E. T. 
Fowler, 0. W. White and E. H. Yotaw, the latter 
being the pastor in charge in July 1, 1879, when the 
membership was thirty-five. 

In October, 1869, the church dissolved the con- 
nection which it had previously maintained with the 
Presbyterian organization, and was taken into the Sul- 
livan, Ohio, Congregational Association. The church 
building now in use was erected in 1861. The pres- 
ent trustees are L. A. Palmer, William Andrews, and 
A. Barter; the deacons, William Andrews and A. 
Barter; the clerk, B. Bartei-. 

THE FREE WILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

A Free Will Baptist church was organized in Rock- 
port about 1840, and in 1843 included the following 
members: Obadiah Munn and wife, John Warren 
and wife, Jeremiah Gleason and wife, Joseph Coon 
and wife, Prosser Coon and wife, J. M. Plimjiton and 
wife, Thomas Alexander and wife, Israel Kidney and 
wife, James Kidney and wife, Sarah and Joseph Hall. 

Elder Reynolds, the first minister, preached until 
about 1847. He was succeeded by Elder Prentiss but 
afterward returned and preached a second term. 
After him Elders Beebe, Pelton and others supplied 
the pulpit. After worshiping in school-houses un- 
til 1846, the congregation built a church on Hilliard 
avenue, opposite where the Good Templar's Hall now 
stands. At no time very prosperous, the society de- 
clined materially in strength for two or three years 
previous to 1858, and in that year was dissolved. Tiie 
The church building served until 1877 as a place of 
worship for various denominations, when it was pur- 
chased by Mr. F. Wagar, who removed it to his farm 
and converted it into a store-house. 

ROCKY RIVER CHRISTIAN MISSION (DISCIPLE). 

This was not regularly organized until January 5, 
1879, although a house of worship was built in the 
winter of 1877 and '78 and dedicated June 16, 1818. 
The original members were James Cannon and wife, 
J. C. Cannon and wife, William Southern and wife, 
Joseph Southern and wife, Peter Bower, Miss Ella 
Woodbury, Miss Lou AtweJl. James Cannon was 
chosen trustee; and Elder J. C. Cannon, who was 
the first preacher, continues to occup}' that relation. 
The membershii) on the 1st day of July, 1879, was 
thirty-seven. 

FIRST NEW JERUSALEM (SWEDENBORGIAN) CHURCH. 

Previous to 1841 there were several families of the 
Swedenborgian faith in Rockport, James Nicholson 
and Mars Wagar being leading believers. Rev. M. 
McCarr, of Cincinnati, was invited to come out and 
form a church, which he did on the 4th of September, 
1841, in a school-house near Rocky river. Tiie first 
members were W. D. Bell and wife, Osborne Case, 
James Nicholson and wife, I. D. Wagar and wife, 
Delia Paddock, A. M. Wagar, Boadicea and Diantha 




LEWIS NICHOLSON. 



The ancestors of tin's gentleman were from Massa- 
chusetts, and removed in the early part of this cen- 
tury to the unsettled country of tiie West. Hailing 
from a State that early had the reputation of produc- 
ing men of education and culture, in removing to 
other localities they carried the same characteristics 
with them. Our subject's father, James, was born 
at Chatham, Barnstable Co., Mass., April 16, 1783. 
When four years of age his father changed his resi- 
dence to Connecticut. Arriving at the age of manhood 
he emigrated to Trumbull Co., Ohio, where he was 
married, May 5, 1812, to Miss Betsey Bartholomew, 
who was born at Waterbury, Conn., Nov. 9, 1793. 
In 1818 he removed to Rockport, Cuyahoga Co. 
At that time there was but one house between his 
residence and the west bank of the Cuyahoga River. 
He was engaged in agricultural pursuits, and ended 
a peaceful life Nov. 11, 1859. His wife survived 
him ne:irly a score of years, but departed this life 
Jail. 8, 1879. 

Lewis, the second son of the above couple, was 
born in tiie town of his father's adoption, Feb. 6, 
1820. His education was limited to what could be 
procured at the public schools, with two terms passed 
at an academy located at Kirtiaud, Lake Co., Ohio. 



After leaving school he determined to devote himself 
to the vocation in life pursued by his father, and ac- 
cordingly purchased a farm of one hundred acres in 
Rockport, which is the same on which he now re- 
sides. In 1850 he embarked in the nursery business 
in connection with farming, and has given much at- 
tention to that branch ever since. 

Mr. Nicholson has been twice married. Sept. 8, 
1840, he married Adelaide, daughter of Adnah Van 
Horn, of Rockport. She was born May 11, 1820, 
at Providence, R. I.; for nearly a quarter-century 
she was his companion, but passed away Dec. 10, 
1870. Becoming tired of his lonely life, he married, 
Sept. 1, 1874, Miss Amanda Sears, a native of Dela- 
ware Co., N. Y., who was born Feb. 29, 1828. 

Republican in politics, Mr. Nicholson has been 
called l)y his fellow-citizens a number of times to fill 
local offices. 

lu religious belief he is an earnest follower of 
the doctrines of Swedenborg, and is a member of 
that church. 

Mr. Nicholson is one of the true sons of the soil, 
whci in all things is conscientious and unpretending, 
and not ambitious above his vocation in life, in which 
he has had a full measure of success. 



ROCKPORT. 



507 



Thayer, James Newman, Jane E. Jolinson, Susanna 
Pai'shall, Mars Wagar and wife, James Coolaban 
ami wife, Asa Dickinson and wife, Richard Hooper 
and wife, JIatilda Wagar, Mary Bcrthong and John 
Hcrry. 

The first trustees wore W. D. Bell, James Nichol- 
son and I. I). Wagar. The first ordained minister 
was Rev. Richard Hooper who had been a Methodist 
preacher in Rockport, and who is said to have been 
suddenly converted, at a camp meeting, to the new 
faitii. He was ordained directly after the organiza- 
tion just mentioned, and labored vigorously four years 
as the pastor. Succeeding him the ordained minis- 
ters have been Revs. W. G. Day (who preached ten 
years), L. P. Mercer, D. Noble, John Saal, and Geo. 
L. Stearns, the present incumbent, who was ordained 
in 1876. The church membership now numbers 
about forty. 

The society worshiped in the Rocky River school- 
house until 1848, when the present house of worship 
(remodeled and improved in 18T8) was built. The 
trustees now are Ezra Nicholson, A. M. Wagar and 
Alfred French. 

Incidental to the religious experience of James 
Nicholson and Mars Wagar it is said that upon their 
awakening to- the new faith they, with their wives, 
rode in a two-horse wagon all the way to Wooster to 
be bajitizcd into the church. 

i>i:ti;oit sthket mktiiodist epfscopal cniucn. 

About 1850 a small band of "Bible Christians" 
used to worship occasionally in the Free Will Baptist 
church and continued to do so for three or four years. 
The first class contained sixteen members: its leader 
being Mark Tagardiue. Rev. Richard Roach, of 
Cleveland, used to come out and preach for them, as 
did others whose names cannot now be recalled. 
Members of the denonunation known as the United 
Brethren also had meetings in the Bajjtist church at 
that time, and after the Bilile Christians discontinued 
worshij), the Wesleyean Methodists formed a class 
with Mark Tagardine as the leader. Their first min- 
ister was Rev. ^Ir. Crooks. 

Later, the Wesleyans gave i)lace to a Methodist 
Episcopal class of twenty members and of that, too, 
Mark Tagardine was chosen leader; the Rev. Mr. 
Jewett of Berea ))reachiug the first sermon. A church 
edifice known as the Detroit Street M. E. C'hurch 
was built in 18TC, at which time Rev. Mr. JfcCaskie 
was the pastor. After him Rev. Wm. Warren took 
charge. The present mcmbersliip is one hundred 
and twcnty-fi\e. The class leaders arc James Primat, 
.lohn Webb, Stephen Hntchins and Mark Tagardine, 
and the trustees are Archibald Webb, James Bean, 
Jos. Parsons and Peter Clam]iet. 

ST. Patrick's (catholic) ciiriti h. 

This church, which has a house of worsi:ip in the 
southern jiart of Rockport, is an Irish Catholic organ- 
ization. Previous to 1852 its members were able to 



enjoy only irregular service. In that year the church 
building now used was dedicated by Bishop Rappe, at 
wjiich time about thirty families were included in the 
congregation. The priest first placed in charge was 
Rev. Lewis Filiere, who also preached at Olmstead 
Falls and Berea. He served about ten 3'ears and was 
followed by Rev. Fathers Miller, Ludwig, Ilyland, 
Quigley, O'Brien and Kuhbler. Father Kuhbler, the 
present incumbent, has charge also of the German 
Catholic church of Rockport. The church of St. 
Patrick is moderately prosperous and has a congrega- 
tion of sixty families. 

GKRJIAN EVANGELICAL cniKCn. 

In 1851 Rev. Philip Stcmple, a preacher of Bright- 
on, was invited to visit Rockport and to organize a 
German Protestant church, about fifteen families be- 
ing anxious to join the proposed organization. Mr. 
Stcmple organized the church and for fifteen years 
afterward preached in a school-house, once in three 
weeks, to the German Protestants of Rockport. By 
1867 the organization had grown quite strong and 
numerous, and in that year a commodious brick 
church was built at a cost of about $5,000, besides 
labor contributed by the members of the society. 
Rev. Franz Schreck, from Wisconsin, was the first 
pastor after the completion of the church. The pres- 
ent pastor is Rev. Wm. Locher and the congregation 
contains about thirty families. The first trustees of 

the church were Peter Reitz, William Mack and 

Annacher. The present trustees are Henry Broudes, 
Frederick Brnnner and George Zimmer. 

THE GERMAN METHODIST CHURCH. 

This was organized in 1847, and in 1851 the pres- 
ent church edifice was built. Valentine Gleb was the 
first class-leader, and William Mack, John Mack and 
Henr'y Dryer were the first trustees. Between 1847 
and 1851, Revs. Messrs. John and Klein were the 
preachers, and a school-house was the place of wor- 
ship. After the building of the church the preachers 
were Rev. Messrs. Raldaff, Reicher, Berg, Weber, 
Detter, G. Nachtripp, Reiter, C. Nachtripp, Biihden- 
banm, Heidmeyer, Snyder, Nuffer, Nast and Borger- 
deng. Latterly the church organization lias lost 
much of its membership and has for some time been 
without regular preaching. The present trustees are 
Valentine Gleb, Jacob Knopf, Henry Dryer, Michael 
Neuchter, and Bartlett Stocker. \'alcntiue Gleb, 
who was in 1847 the first class-leader, still fills that 
office, in which he has served uninterruptedly since 
1852. 

CHl'KCH OF THE ASCENSION (EPISCOPAL). 

This edifice which bears tlie above name, is a chapel 
of Trinity parish of Cleveland. It was opened for 
worship ill 1875, and was consecrated on Ascension 
Day, 1879, by Bishop Bedell. Rev. J. W. Brown, 
D.D., of Trinity, is the rector, and Mr. Charles P. 
Ranney, of Cleveland, is the lay reader in charge. The 



508 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



communicauts number sixteen, and the attendants 
about fifty. 

ST. Mary's (catholic) church. 

This German Catholic organization worships in a 
fine brick church edifice in tlie German settlement, 
close to the southern line of the township. The first 
church building, a plain framed structure, was com- 
pleted in 185i, when about fourteen families attended 
services. The congregation includes now thirty- 
three families. Fathers Graessner, Kuhn, Miller and 
Kuhbler, with others, have served the church since 
its organization. The brick edifice, now in use, was 
built in 1867, at a cash cost of about ?>8,000, — al- 
though its actual value — by reason of volunteer labor, 
was much more. The present trustees are George 
Betts, Jacob Ammersback and Mehurad Nicholas. 
The officiating priest is Father Kuhbler. 



One of the earliest school masters — although he 
scarcely merited the dignified appellation of teacher — 
was Jonathan Parshall, a house-carpenter, who lived 
on a small piece of land adjoining Mars Wagar. He 
was not over intelligent, nor was he an especially iii- 
dustrious citizen, but it appears that he considered 
himself fitted to instruct the tender youth and 
in the year 1829 taught a few scholars in the back 
part of Mr. Wagar's house. The neighborhood 
tradition is that Parshall was a de'cidedlypobr teacher, 
and that his experience in that line lasted but a few 
weeks. 

In 1830 a log school-house was, built nearly opposite 
where Ezra Nicholson now livcSj in which the first 
teacher was a lady from Olmstead. The brick struct- 
ure which replaced the log house not long afterwards, 
is now used by Walter Phelps as a dwelling. 

Eockport now enjoys an excellent and liberal sys- 
tem of public education. There is a special school 
district which extends from Eocky river east to the 
township line, and is composed chiefly of residents 
on Detroit street. This district manages its own 
school affairs under the act of 1871, and has three fine 
brick school-buildings. One contains a graded school, 
for which a new house, to cost S6,000, is to be com- 
lileted by January 1, 1880. The other two buildings 
together cost at least $7,000. The average daily at- 
tendance at the three schools is one hundred and sixty, 
and the amount raised for school support in 1879 
was $3,000. 

Apart from this special district, the amount raised 
for the support of township schools in 1879 was 
$1,900. The township contains eight school-houses 
(seven of them being of brick) valued at $19,500. 
The total number of children of school age is six 
hundred and thirty-three. 

societies, etc. 

The Eockford Christian Temperance Union, which 
was organized in 1878, has since then been doing 



good work, and now is in a flourishing condition with 
thirty members. The officers are S. H. Brown, 
president; James Potter, Mrs. S. H. Brown and Mrs. 
H. Crossley, vice presidents; iliss L. Jordan, secre- 
tary; Mrs. J. W. Spencer, treasurer; Miss Annie 
Hutton, corresponding secretary. The business meet- 
ings are heldjn the Methodist Church, on the west 
side of the river. 

There is a similar organization on the east side of 
the river known as the Temperance Sunday School. 
Meetings are held each Sabbath in the tabernacle, 
and the members are very zealous in behalf of the 
temperance cause. The organization is under the 
direction of a managing committee. Strong temper- 
ance movements were set on foot in Eockport in 1867, 
and resulted in the organization of two lodges of 
Good Templars, which after a brief era of prosperity 
ceased to exist in 1873. 

THE FRUIT interest. 

Fruit growing is one of the most important and 
remunerative industries in Eockport. The region 
especially devoted to it is that contiguous to Detroit 
street between the township line and Eocky river, 
whence large supplies of all the kinds of fruit raised 
in this climate are annually conveyed to the Cleveland 
market. 

Dr. J. P. Kiitland was one of the earliest, if not 
theeaiiiest, to engage to any extent in fruit culture 
in Eockport, setting put a number of various kinds 
of trees in 1850, Not long afterward Lewis and 
Ezra Nicholson and others began a liberal cultivation 
of fruit. The business developed rapidly and in a 
short time assumed considerable proportions along 
the line of Detroit street, and engaged the attention 
of all the dwellers upon that thoroughfare. 

According to the published statistics, the value of 
fruit sent to Cleveland from Detroit street in 18G7 
was $10,000, while in 1872 it was no less than 
150,000. Fruit culture is by no means a losing busi- 
ness elsewhere in the township, but the peculiar char- 
acteristics of the soil on the northern ridge makes 
that the most profitable locality. 

BURIAL places. 

The first graveyard laid out by white settlers in 
Eockport occupied the site of the Cliflf House. Here, 
it is said, were buried the bodies of a number of sail- 
ors drowned off the "point" in 1812. Henry Alger 
was buried there as was also Daniel Miner, two of the 
pioneers, but their bodies were afterward removed 
elsewhere. Traces of this burial ground remained 
until the erection of the Cliff House obliterated them. 

The burying ground on Detroit street was laid out 
about 1840, and among the first to be buried there 
were Mrs. Sarah Ann Brewster and an unknown man 
who was found dead in the woods — supposed to have 
been murdered. Eockport now has several cemeter- 
ies, many of which are very neatly kept and beauti- 
fully adorned. 




^^ .^ ^.^ 



oc^-z^ 



ROCKPORT. 



509 



Tliree Hues of railway, tlic Lake Slioreancl Michigan 
Sunt liern, the Cleveland, Colnnibus, Cincinnati and 
Indianapolis and the Rocky River Railroads, traverse 
Kdckport, the two former passing diagonally across 
it from northeast to southwest, and tlie latter, run- 
ning due west from the township line to Rocky river, 
one of its termini. This latter road was built to 
accommodate the tide of i)leasure hunters which flows 
in great volume in the summer season to Rocky river 
and to the lake shore in that vicinity, i It is also a 
very great convenience to people residing along its 
line, and from them derives no inconsiderable part of 
its support. 

M.\XUFA( TIHKS. 

The manufacturing interests of Rockjjort arc very 
few. William JIaile on Detroit street began in 1861 
to numufacture drain tile and common brick. The 
brick business he soon gave up, but for seven years 
after 1861, he made about three hundred thousand 
drain tile annually. In 1869 he resumed the manu- 
facture of brick, in connection with the tile business, 
and at present — in June, 1879 — he is nuiking drain 
tile and Penfield pressed brick, employing three 
hands. 

Mr. .liihn \V. Spencer is extensively occupied in the 
western part of Rockport in the manufacture of tile 
and brick, in which he engaged in 1874:, with his 
brother, F. J. Spencer. The latter retiring in 1877, 
,1. W. Spencer has since carried on the business alone, 
lie employs four men, and manufactures annually 
two liundred thousaiul drain tile and one hnndred 
thousand brick. 



ISRAEL D. WAGAR. 

Mars Wager was a son of Peter and Lucy Wagar, 
and was born in Saratoga county. New York on the 
23d day of September, 1791. He was well educated 
having studied at the academies at Lansingburg and 
Troy, New York, being not only proficient in math- 
ematics, but also well versed in several languages. In 
1813 he removed to Piielps, Ontario county. New 
York, where he was married on the 31st of December, 
1816, to Katurah, daughter of Adam and Anna Mil- 
ler, a native of New Jersey, born July 13, 1794. Two 
years after his marriage he emigrated west and finally 
settled in Rockport in November, 1820, where he be- 
came one of the most enterprising settlers. He re- 
sided there until his death, which occurred on the 
30th day of August, 1841. He was not an aspirant 
for political honors, but was a staunch Whig in the 
jiolitical contests of those days. He was a leader in 
the Swedenborgian church, and was much esteemed 
as a man and a Christian. lie left a widow who still 
survives, being now in her eighty-fifth year, and a 
family of six children. 

Israel D. Wagar, the second child and son, had 



then just attained his majority, having been born in 
Avon, then called Troy, Lorain county, on the 21st 
day of February, 1820. His early life was passed 
like that of most of the sons of pioneer families, in 
assisting to clear off the heavy timbered land, and 
converting it into a productive farm. Being prevented 
by reason of his father's limited means, from receiv- 
ing a classical education, he obtained such as could be 
procured at the district schools, together with a short 
academic course, the whole supplemented by very 
thorough self-culture. On arriving at the age of 
manhood he traveled in the West and South teaching 
school and familiarizing himself with the manners 
and customs of the people of those sections. Return- 
ing after a time to his home in Rockport, he turned 
his attention to farming and fruit growing, which, in 
connectiouwith buying and selling real estate, have 
been his occupations since that time. Through his 
own industry, perseverance, foresight and economy, 
aided in all respects by his most estimable wife, he 
has accumulated wealth sufficient for all his wants, 
and now enjoys in comfort the fruits of his labors. 

In 1876 his love of travel and desire for informa- 
tion ao-ain took him from his home, this time to 
Great Britain and the continent of Europe. He re- 
mained abroad several months, not traveling merely 
as a siHit-seer, but filling his mind by close observation 
with useful knowledge of those countries and their 
inhabitants. 

On the 1st day of Januaiy, 1843, Mr. Wagar was 
married to Elizabeth, daughter of Michael and Isa- 
bella Pile, who was born in Wayne county, Ohio, Sep- 
tember 7, 1822. They have had eight children, whose 
names and the dates of whose birth are as follows: 
Laura M., born October 12, 1843, now the wife of Dr. 
C. D. Ashley, of Meadville, Pennsylvania; Adah I., 
born March 14, 1846, now the wife of M. G. Browne, 
a lumber dealer in Cleveland; John M., born August 
1, 1848, at present engaged in trade in Texas; Jessie 
A., born January 31, 1851, now the wife of George E. 
Loveland, paymaster of the Cleveland and Pittsburg 
railroad; George E., born April 26, 1853; Alta E., 
born September 3, 1855; Caroline D., born May 9, 
1858, and Charles Willard. born October 27, 1860. 
The four last named arc still living at home. 

Born and brought up in the Whig parly, Mr. Wa- 
gar voted and acted with them until 1856, when he 
joined the Democrats, and has since co-operated with 
them, filling numerons town offices, including that of 
justice of the peace. 

Mr. Wagar is a type of the American farmer, con- 
servative in his ideas and opinions, a close observer of 
human nature, possessing shrewdness, good judgment 
and business tact, by means of T,hich he has jdaced 
himself and family beyond the reach of want. At 
the same time he is fully recognized in the commu- 
nity where he lives as an excellent parent, neighbor 
and citizen. His religious faith, like that of all the 
rest of the Wagar family, is Swedenborgian. but is 
broad, liberal and comprehcusive. 



510 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



CHAPTER LXXXIV. 

HOYALTOUr. 

Boundaries, etc.— First Settlers— Mr. C'larli— Robert Engle— An Aged 
Emigrant— T. and H. Francis— John Coales— Jonathan Bunker— C. A. 
Stewart— John Ferris— Boaz Granger— John B. Stewart — A Large Ac- 
cession—David and Kniglit Sprague— Royal Tyler's Store— The Tows- 
leys and Nortons— York Street— Mills— First Marriage— Going to Mill 
underDifficulties— Early Taverns— Civil Organization— Origin of Name 
—First Officers- List of Principal Officers- Post Office— Ro.yalton Cen- 
ter—First Baptist Church— Free Will Baptist Church— The Disciple 
Church— The Methndist Church— St. Mary's Church— Schools— Early 
Teachers— Present Condition of Schools— Cheese-making, etc.— Em- 
pire Lodge— Cemeteries. 

KoYALTON, noted at one time as a vei'y important 
dairy township, and still of consideral)le consefjnence 
in that respect, consists of a valuable farming region 
and contains a community of prosperous people. It 
is survey townsliip number five in range thirteen of 
the Western Reserve and is bounded on the north by 
Parma, on the south by Medina county, on the east 
by Brecksville and on the west by Strongsville. The 
east branch of Rocky river, which is there but a small 
stream, flows across the southwest corner of the town- 
ship, and although still smaller water courses are 
plentiful yet mill-power is very scarce. 

Tiie only village is Royalton Center, which is a 
small place, but is very picturesquely located. Agri- 
cultural and daii'y products arc the sujiport of the 
people, and tlicy furnish a good subsistence. Excel- 
lent building stone is found in at least two quarries, 
but tlie lack of railway facilities limits the stone mar- 
ket to a circuit near home. 

EARLY SETTLEMENT. 

The first white settlement upon the territory of 
Royalton was made in 1811 by a Mr. Clark, who, after 
making a clearing, brought his family in and located 
upon section twenty-five, in the southeastern corner 
of the township, on a tract now occupied by II. A. 
Carter, a son of Clark's ■widow by her mari'iage to 
Lewis Carter. Clark must have died witliin a few 
years after making a settlement, for in 1816 Carter 
married the widow and took up his residence on the 
Clark place. Lorenzo — a son born of this latter 
union — was the first white male cliild born in the 
townshi]). 

On the -M of June, 1810, Robert Engle with his 
family and his father-in-law, John She])ard, arrived 
from the State of New York and settled u])on section 
fourteen, about a half mile south of the center. This 
was the first settlement after Clark's, whose family 
remained for five years the only white occupants of 
the township. Mr. Engle's father-in-law, Mr. John 
Siiepard, had served in his youth as an attendant on a 
Prencii officer at the time of the Braddock campaign 
and was present at the memorable defeat of that gen- 
eral. He claimed to be eighty-seven years old when 
he moved to Royalton with Robert Engle, at whose 
house he died in 1847. The inscription upon his 
tombstone fixes his age at one hundred and eigiiteeu 
years, nine months and eighteen days. Robert Engle, 
who was famous as a luintcr and trapper, died in Roy- 



alton. One of his daughters married Simeon Enos, 
who lives upon the old place. 

Thomas and Henry Francis, brothers, settled in 
1816 on adjoining farms a half mile north of the cen- 
ter. The Francis brothers lived in Royalton useful 
and honored men and died on the farms where they 
had first settled. Rhoda Francis, born in 1816, was 
the first white child to see the light of day in Royal- 
ton. 

In December, 1816, John Coates (popularly known 
in Royalton as Uncle Jacky Coates), settled with liis 
family upon section twenty-oae, where he built at 
first a house of round logs, which he replaced a year 
or so afterward with a double log house. Tlie latter 
was put up by Boaz Granzer, who took his pay in 
laud. Mr. Coates, who came from Genesee, New 
York, owned about thirty-five hundred acres of land 
in Royalton, which is yet known as the Coates' tract, 
and which he sold out as settlers required. 

The house built by Granger for Coates was the first 
one in the township supplied with a cellar, and was 
regarded as an eminently aristocratic mansion. Mr. 
Coates' son, John, came out with his father, and in 
the following spring another son, diaries, also came 
with his family. Catharine (daughter of John Coates, 
Jr.,) was the second female child born in Royalton, 
where she still lives as Catharine Tcachout. 

In 1817, Jonathan Bunker, from the State of New 
York, located upon section eleven, where he had re- 
ceived a tract of one hundred and fifty acres from 
Gideon Granger in exchange for one of fifty acres 
near Palmyra, New York, his former home. 

Mr. Bunker belonged to a historical family which 
gave its name to the celebrated Bunker Hill. Two of 
his uncles had also participated in the battle fought 
on Breed's Hill, to which the former name has been 
given, where one was killed and the other wounded. 

Ephraim Moody, a neighbor iu New York, accom- 
panied Bunker to the West. The journey was made 
in a sleigh drawn by a pair of liorses, of which each 
owned one. Moody stopped short of Royalton, leav- 
ing Bunker to go on alone. The latter reached his 
newly acquired property in the morning, and by night 
he had put up a shanty. During the following eight 
months he labored there alone, clearing and cultivat- 
ing his land, and when at the end of that time his 
family came out, they found a comfortable log house 
and crops well advanced. 

Mr. Bunker, during his solitary exiicrience, used 
to be frequently troubled by wild beasts, and more 
than once his shanty, which was always open, re- 
ceived marauding visits from bears. He was, how- 
ever, a fearless man, and far from being frightened 
away by the bears and wolves; lie hunted and trapped 
them with great success. He was an expert ropemaker, 
and for some time, during his early days in Royalton, 
supplied Cleveland with about all the white rope used 
there. For its manufacture he used flax raised upon 
his farm, and also hemp purchased from Mr. Wed- 
dell, of Cleveland. Mr. Bunker also had a nursery 



KOYALTON. 



511 



% 



of four hundred apple trees, from which many of the 
])rescnt orcliards of Royalton wore supplied. Uc had 
a faniilj' of nine children, and died in 1844, aged 
eiii'lity-tvvo. 

Clianncey A. Stewart settled in tlie autumn of 
ISK) ui)ou section four, the plaee being now owned by 
bi.s son, T, H. Stewart. Mr. Stewart was a famous 
Ininter and trapper, and one may still hear many 
stories of his adventurous exploits in search of bears 
and other large game. John Ferris settled in the 
townsiiip in Decern' er, 181G, and about the same 
time Solomon and Elias Keys, both from the State of 
N(>w York, became members of tiie new commu- 
nity. 

Boaz Granger, of whom mention has already been 
made, came out in 1817. He was a neighbor of 
Jonatlian Bunker in New York, and when he came 
to lioyalton, boarded awhile at the house of the 
latter. As before stated, he purchased land of John 
Coates on section eleven, and in part payment built 
him a house and barn, the latter structure being 
the first framed building erected in Royalton. 

In the summer of 1817 Samuel Stewart settled 
u|H)n the State road on section fifteen, where his son, 
J(din B. Stewart, now lives. Tlie latter, now aged 
eighty-eight, has always been one of the most promi- 
nent men in the township, and in his old age, looks 
with satisfaction upon the record of a busy and 
honorable life. lie was a land surveyor in his 
younger days, and for many years was the agent of 
(iideon Granger for his Royalton land. He was the 
tirst clerk of Royalton, was chosen a justice of tlie 
peace, with Lewis Carter, in August, 1819, and long- 
served the township in various public capacities. 
Mr. Stewart is the only one now living of those who 
voted at the first township election, in 1818. 

In the winter of 1817 and spring of 1818, the 
settlement was very decidedly increased by the arrival 
of Eliphalet Towsley, David Sprague, Francis How, 

Abial Cushman, Warren, Parley Austin, John 

Smith, Israel Sawyer, David Hier, Clallin, 

Hayes, Knight Sprague and Benjamin Boyer. 
'I'owsley settled in the southwest, where his son James 
had a short time before made a clearing. James re- 
lumed to New York after his father came, and 
attended school a year. He tlien came back to Roy- 
alton and settled near the center, but subsef|nently 
removed to Brooklyn, where he died in 18 1 9. Eliph- 
alet Towsley resided in Royalton until his death. 

David and Knight Sprague, brothers, were from 
.Royalton, Vermont. Knight Sprague was blind, 
having, it is said, lost his sight while working as a 
blacksmith in the cast. He was, however, a remark- 
ably energetic man, and was thought by his neigh- 
bors to be able to discern the situation of objects 
almost as well as many who were blessed with perfect 
eyes. He built the first town-hall owned by Royal- 
ton, took an active part in all affairs of the time, 
and died on the place on which he first settled. An 
early township record sets forth the fact that 5Ir. 



Sprague was chosen fence-viewer in 1821, but how 
the blind man managed to " view " the fences the 
record fails to state. David Sprague settled upon 
section five, whence he afterwards removed to Middle- 
burg, where he died. 

John Smith was also from Vermont, and located 
on section seven. He was killed in 1823 by the fall 
of a tree. John Hier and his brother David located 
near the Strongsville line. The former died in 
Hinckley and the latter upon his farm at Bennett's 
Corners. 

In 1818 the new'comers included Henry Hudson, a 
doctor, farmer and Bajjtist preacher, James Baird, 
Asa and Samuel Norton, Kersina and John Watkins, 
Smith Ingersolls and 0. C. Gordon. Mr. Baird, 
who was one of Jonathan Bunker's neighbors in New 
York, married the oldest daughter of the latter and 
located on section eleven, adjoining Bunker's ])lace. 
He afterward moved a mile farther south, and about 
1827 went to Lorain county. 

Settlements began to be made at the center about 
1827, in which year Royal Tyler opened a store in a 
ten by twelve log-house. He afterward removed to 
Brooklyn, and was succeeded in the store bv his 
brother Benjamin, who also ]>racticod the healing art. 
He now resides in Brooklyn. 

William and James Towsley were early settlers at 
the center, as was also a Mr. Bostwick. Kersina 
and John Watkins located near the center, but tlie 
former soon died, and the latter then moved out of 
tlie township. Asa Norton bought land of John 
Coates on section twelve, and paid for it by daily 
labor. The only time he could devote to his own 
farm was the nights and the Sundays, and these he 
never failed to use to the utmost extent possible. 

Samuel Norton who was a teamster at times between 
Cleveland and Medina, settled upon section eleven. 
Both Nortons resided in Royalton until they died. 
Smith Ingalls lived on a farm adjoining David 
Sprague's, and there died after a well spent and active 
life. He was the first postmaster in Royalton, and 
frequently served in townshi]) offices. 

" York " street was laid out about 1828, when one 
Briggs and William Ferris built there, followed a 
year or two afterward by William Gibson, John Mar- 
cellus, Page Claflin, John Tompkins, James Bunker 
and George Abrams. Samuel (iibson built a steam 
sawmill in the west, and not long afterward William 
Thomas and James Goss built another one in that 
vicinity, the presence of a belt of fine timiier making 
the timber business quite profitable. Harvey Edgar- 
ton built a steam sawmill in the south-cast, about 
1830, at which time that part of the township first 
began to receive settlers to any extent. The earliest 
residents there were Sardis and Harvey Edgarton, 
Barton Brown, Mr. Akins, John Edgarton, Lewis 
Jliller, Otis Billings and others. Abner S. Beales 
settled in 1821 near the Center, next to Robert Engle. 
He lived there four years, and in 1825 removed to 
Parma. 



'f 



512 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



EARLY INCIDEXTS. 

The first maiTiage iu Ro3altou was that of Asa Nor- 
ton to Lore}' Bunker. The ceremony, wliich was per- 
formed by " Squire " J. B. Stewart, was the maiden 
effort in that line of the newly-chosen justice. 

Going to mill in the pioneer days was a disagreea- 
ble necessity, for there were none nearer than 
Vaughn's log gristmill, where Berea now stands, and 
the way to it was through a dense wilderness. Free- 
man Bunker, now a resident of Eoyalton, related how, 
when a boy, he used occasionally to set out for 
Vaughn's mill with three bushels of corn across his 
horse's back. By a peculiar arrangement, the like of 
which we have never observed before in the history of 
j)ioneer milling, Vaughn always went himself, or sent 
somebody, half way to meet such persons as had noti- 
fied him that they would have a grist for his mill. 
Young Bunker used to send the rc((uisite notice be- 
forehand, and then, after struggling tlirough the 
woods and underbrush to the place where he expected 
to meet Vaughn, would call out loudly, when the 
worthy miller would usually appear and take the 
grist away with him. Sometimes, however, owing to 
the vague character of the road, the lad or the miller 
failed to find the appointed spot, when the former 
would be compelled to roam around the woods a long 
time before finding the other end of this singular 
transportation line. 

Mr. Bunker relates that he was fre({uently followed 
by wolves during his trips to the mill and elsewhere,, 
and that troops of them were common s])ectacles; but 
the craven creatures never made serious onslaughts 
save upon such small game as happened to be exposed 
to their attacks. Bear hunts, organized njjou an ex- 
tensive plan, occasionally called nearly all the resi- 
dents of the township into service, but excursions 
after deer, turkeys, etc., were too common to attract 
any attention. 

It is said that there was not a single framed dwell- 
ing house in Eoyalton, until 1837, when Jonathan 
Bunker erected one. The first Fourth of July cele- 
bration was held in 1831, and was attended by the 
usual jollification customary on such events at that 
day. Francis How is said by some to have kept 
at the center the first tavern opened in Eoyalton, 
but this opinion is disputed by others, who claim that 
the first Boniface was Charles Coates, who kept on 
the State road, on the site of Asper's hotel, north of 
the center. 

OKGANIZATIOJS^. 

Previous to 1818 Eoyalton was a jiart of the civil 
township of Brecksvilie, but on the 27th day of Octo- 
ber, 1818, the county commissioners ordered that 
"township number five, iu range thirteen, be set off 
into a separate township with the name of Eoyalton." 
It is said tliat Knight Sprague, the blind man before 
mentioned, was anxious to name the township in 
honor of his own native town of Eoyalton, in Ver- 
mont: and it is further said that he paid a gallon of 



whisky for the privilege, but to whom does not ap- 
pear. Doubtless it was distributed at a meeting of 
the "sovereigns" assembled to determine on a name. 
The first township) election was held at the house 
of Eobert Engle, November 9, 1818, at which time 
the following officers were chosen: .John B. Stewart, 
clerk; David Sprague, Francis How and Elias Keys, 
trustees; Benjamin Boyer, fence-viewer; Francis How 
and Elias Keys, appraisers of property; Eobert En- 
gle and Elias Keys, supervisors of highways; Abial 
Cushman, constable; Chauncey A. Stewart, treas- 
urer; Eobert Engle and David Sprague were the 
judges of the election, and Chauncey A- Stewart was 
the chairman. The first election for justices of the 
peace was held in 1819, when John B. Stewart and 
Sam'l Norton were chosen. The election was set 
aside, however, on the ground of illegality, and at a 
new election John B. Stewart and Lewis Carter were 
duly elected justices. Their commissions were dated 
August 10, 1819. We give herewith a list of the 
names of the persons who have served as trustees, 
clerks and treasurers of Eoyalton from its organiza- 
tion to 1879. 

PRINCIPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS. 

1818. Trustees, David Sprague, Francis How, Elias Keys; clerk, J. B. 
Stewart; treasurer, C. A. Stewart. 

1819. Trustees, Lewis Carter, David Sprague, Jonathan Bunlier; clerk, 
J. B. Stewart; treasurer, C. A. Stewart. 

1830. Trustees, Lsrael Sawyer, Isaac Isham, Sam'l Norton, Jr. ; clerk, 
J. B. Stewart: treasurer. Parley Austin. 

1821. Trustees, Eliphalet Towsley, Israel Sawyer, James Bird; cleik, 
J. B. Stewart; treasurer, Parley Austin. 

1822. Trustees, Jonathan Bunker, John Ferris, John Smith; clerk, 
J. B. Stewart; treasurer. Parley Austin. 

1823. Trustees, Parley Austin, Francis How, Elias Keys; clerk, J. B. 
Stewart; treasurer. Parley Austin. 

1824. Trustees, Sam'l Norton, Ezra Leonard, C. A. Stewart; clerk, 
J. B. Stewart; treasurer. Parley Austin. 

1825. Trustees, Boaz Granger, Ezra Leonard, Smith In^alls; clerk, 
J. B. Stewart; treasurer. Parley Austin. 

182tj. Trustees, Suiilh Ingalls, Ezra Leonard, John Ferris; clerk, J. 
B. Stewart; treasurer, P. Austin. 

1827. Trustees, Wm. Teachout, Jas. Towsley, John Watkins; clerk, 
J. B. Stewart; treasurer, John W'atkins. 

1828. Trustees, Jas. Towsley, Smith Ingalls, James W. Wild ; clerk, 
John B. Stewart; treasurer, Thos. Francis. 

1829. Trustees, Wm. Teachout, Edward Scofield, Smith Ingalls; clerk, 
John Coates 3rd ; treasurer, Thomas Francis. 

1830 and 1831. Trustees, Edward Scofield, W. D. Eastman, R. K 
Towsley; clerk, J. B. Stewart; treasurer, Thos. Francis. 

I8;i2. Trustees, C. Brunson, Wm. Teachout, Zara Sarles; clerk, J. B. 
Stewart; treasurer, John B. Davis. 

18:S3. Trustees. Francis How, John Coates, Jr., Isaac Isham, Jr.: 
clerk. James Towsley; treasurer, John B. Davis. 

1834. Trustees, John Coates, Jr., Ebenezer Bostwick, John B. Stew- 
art; clerk, Jas. Towsley; treasurer, John B. Davis. 

1835. Trustees, O. C. Gordon, Harvey Edgarton, Eliphalet Towsley; 
clerk, James Towsley ; treasurer, Francis How. 

18:36 and 1837. Trustees, O. U. Gordon, Harvey Edgarton, J. B. Stew- 
art; clerk, Jas. Towsley; treasurer, John B. Davis. 

1838. Trustees, J. B. Stewart. O. C. Gordon, William Teachout; clerk, 
Jas. Towsley; treasurer, John B. Davis. 

18.39. Trustees, J. B.Stewart, Robert Wilkinson.lWm. Teachout; clerk, 
Jas. Towsley; treasurer, O. C. Gordon. 

1840. Trustees, Wm. Teachout, J. B. Stewart, Smith Ingalls: clerk, 
EUphalet Towsley ; treasurer, O. C. Gordon. 

1811. Trustees, Smith Ingills, John Coats, Francis Bark; clerk, Eliph- 
alet Towsley ; treasurer, O. C. Go.-don. 

1813. Trustees, Smith Ingalls, Edwin Wilcox, Wm. Ferris; clerk, Eliph- 
alet Towsley; trei-iurer, O. C. Gordon. 

IMJ. Trustees, Edwin Wilcox, Zara Sarles, Wm. Fen-is; clerk, Eliph- 
alet Towsley; treasurer, H. M. Munson. 

1844. Trustees, Zara Sarles. Daniel A. Minor, Wm. Towsley; clerk, 
James Towsley; treasurer, Lewis How. 

1845. Trustees, Parley Austin, Kowley Leonard, Joseph Teachout; 
clerk, James Towsley; treasurer, Edwin Wilcox. 



i 



ROYALTON. 



513 



1846. Trustees, Smith Ingallg, Wm. D. Eastman, Wm. Teachout; 
clerk, Charles Teachout; treasurer, Lewis How. 

lat". Trustees, Wm. D. Eastman, Wm. Ferris, Asa Varney; clerk, 
A. Teachout; treasurer, L. How, 

1S*<. Trustees, Smith Ingalls, James Towsley, S. M. Wilcox; clerk, 
Joseph Smith; treasurer, Lewis How. 

1849. Trustees, James Towsley, Zara Sarles, Edwin Wilcox; clerk, 
Joseph Smith; treasurer, Lewis How. 

1S50. Trustees, Robert Wilkinson, Rufus D. Gibson, Thomas Hark; 
clerk, Joseph Smith; treasurer, Lewis How. 

IMl. Trustees, Robert Wilkinson, Francis P. Howe, O. H. Graves; 
clerk, Joseph Smith; treasurer, Lewis How. 

1852. Trustees, Henry Aiken, Norman A. Graves, Thomas Meiicher; 
clerk. Joseph Smith; treasurer, Lewis How. 

18.53. Trustees, Robert Wilkinson, Thos. B. Coats, Wm. Ferris; clerk> 
James Towsley; treasurer, .Vrenzo Sarles. 

1K54. Trustees, Robert Wilkinson, Henry Akm, T. B. Coates; clerk, 
Wm. Hodkinson; treasurer, Lewis How. 

1855. Trustees, Henry Akin, T. B. Coates, J. Jlarcellus; clerk, Thomas 
Coates; treasurer, Wm. Sarles. 

18S(i. Trustees, D. A. Jliner, Sardis Edgarton, Wm. Ferris; clerk, Jas. 
Towsley; treasurer, Martin S. Billings. 

'; 185". Trustees, Dan'l Miner, Sardis Edgarton, Robert Wilkinson ; clerk, 
Joesph Smith; treasurer, Martin S. Billings. 

1858. Trustees, f ardis Edgarton, John Marcellus, James Ferris ; clei k, 
Joseph Smith; treasurer, lames Towsley. 

1859. Trustees, James Ferris, Sardis Edgarton. S. H. Stewart; clerk, 
Joseph Smith ; treasurer, James Towsley. 

18C0. Trustees, Charles Bangs. Edwin Wilcox, James Ferris; clerk, 
Joseph Smith; treasurer. James Towsley. 

IStil. Trustees, John Tompkins, W. W. Stockman, Zara Sarles; clerk, 
Jos. Smith ; treasurer, James Towsley. 

18*52. Trustees, John Tompkins, W. W. Stockman. Zara Sarles; clerk, 
Jos. Smith; treasurer, O. C. Gordon. 

I8ii3. Trustees, B. S. Tyler, John Tompkins, Ransom Walling; clerk, 
Jos. Smith; treasurer, O. C. Gordon. 

1.SC4. Trustees, B. S. Tyler, Stillman Tupper, Geo. Johnson; clerk, 
Jos. Smith; treasurer, O. C. Gordon. 

181,5. Trustees. Chas. Bangs, Chas. Robinson, O. H. Clafliu; clerk, 
Geo. S. Morrell; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

186t). Trustees, Chas. Bangs, Chas. Robinson, O. H. C'laHin; clerk, 
J. M. Wilcox; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

18(i7. Trustees, Orville Bangs, John Tompkins, Wm. Ferris; clerk, M. 
G. Billings; treasurer. L. S. Sarles. 

1808. Trustees, John Tompkins, Thos. Bolton, Wm. Spencer; clerk, 
Farnum Gibbs; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

18«9 and 1870. Trustees, T. S. Bolton, Simon Wilkinson, Hamlin Mil- 
ler; clerk. Farnum Gibbs; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

1871. Trustees, Geo. Matthews, G. H. Stewart, O. Taylor; clerk, Far- 
num Gibbs; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

1872. Trustees Geo. Matthews, G. H. Stewart, Oliver Taylor; clerki 
A. E. Akin; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

187:1, Trustees, George Matthews, G. H. Stewart, Wm. Tompkins; 
clerk, A. E. Akin; treasurer, L. S. Sarhs. 

1874. Ti-ustees, Geo. Matthews, Wm. Tompkins, Freeman Nortcn; 
clerk, Joseph Smith; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

1875. Trustees, Oliver Taylor, Geo. Matthews, Freeman Norton ; clerk, 
Joseph Smith; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

187(i. Trustees. Oliver Taylor, Geo. Matthews, Freeman Norton; clerk, 
A. E. Akin; treasurer, L. S. Sarles. 

1877 and 1878, Trustees, Geo. Matthews, Freeman Norton, Sarilis Ed- 
garton, Jr.; clerk, Joseph Smith; treasurer, Oliver Taylor. 

1879. Trustees, Sardis Edgarton, Geo. Matthews, Joseph Turiiey; 
clerk, .loseph Smith; treasurer, Oliver Taylor. 

I'OST OFFICE. 

Down to lSt2.") the jn-ojile of l{()y:iltiiii li;i(l to go to 
Clevc'luiid for tlieir mail, cx(;fi)t tliat .sonic of tlieni 
liur>;ainc<l with J. W. Weld to bring tlieir letters iind 
jiiipers to (iiein for a small compensation — fifty cents 
weekly fi'oni cacli person thus served. In 182.5 Smith 
Ingall.s was ajipointcd postmaster, but as he resided 
ill the western part of the township, he deputized S. 
K. (ireciileaf, living near the center, to transact the 
business. Since Mr. Ingalls' time the lloyalton post- 
masters have been William Towsley, Tristram Kan- 
dall, Lorenzo Hopkins, W. W. Stockman, Charles W. 
Foster, S. W. Chandler, Lewis (iranger, Joseph W. 
Smith, Cliarles H;ings, AL S. Hillings, Hyron lialjcock 



and Thomas Coates; the last named being the pres- 
ent iiicumbeiit. 

KG y A LTO X c i: N T i: R. 

Royalton Center, the only village in the township, 
tjccupies a jileasant and healthful elevation whence 
the eye litis a very line view of the surrounding coun- 
try. Tiie village contains the town hall, three stores, 
three churches, an Odd Fellows' lodge, and a hand- 
some cemetery. A majority of the residents of the 
township do their trading at this point, and it is there- 
fore the seat of considerable business, while it is also 
made attractive by the presence of many elegant rural 
homes. 

FIK.ST BAPTIST CHURCH. 

Rev. Henry Hudson, an early settler in Royalton, 
who was a doctor as well as a minister, was among 
the early preachers to the Baiitists of Royalton. Prior 
to ISTS, the members of that denomination used to 
assemble frequently for prayer and other public de- 
votional exercises. In that year the First Baptist 
Church was orgiiuized. The first members were the 
following: Henry Hudson, Priscilla Hudson, James 
Teachout, William Dyke, Elizabeth Dyke, William, 
Lydia and John Teachout, Relief Austin, Merrick 
Rockwell and Clarissa Teachout. The first deacon 
was William Dyke. 

The stone church at the center was the first one 
built, and was erected in 1850, services, previous to 
that time, having been held in school-houses and the 
town-house. Thomas Rederup, Francis Norton and 
.John Edgarton were the Imilding committee which 
superintended its erection. The church had a mem- 
bership of forty-five. 

Mr. Hudson was the pastor until his death, and 
served for a period of about twenty-five years — liis 
annual salary rarely exceeding fifty dollars. There 
was a division in the church in 18:JS; and hiter, dur- 
ing Rev. Mr. Conley's time, a second one, but the 
org;inization is now prosperons, and contains sixty 
members. The pastor is Rev. S. S. Wjilkiiis. 

FREE-WILL BAPTIST CHURCH. 

The early records of this church have been lost, 
and the date of its organization is fixed, therefore, by 
conjecture at about 183G. 

Worship was first held at the Center, but in 1843 
the location was changed to Coates' Corners.* 

Public services were held there in a school-house 
until 1850, when, after a protracted discussion which 
had lasted several years, the present church-edifice 
was erected. 

On the 1st of August, 1879, the church member- 
ship was thirty-eight. The pastor was Rev. J. H. 
Baldwin; the trustees were George Kendall and Fran- 



• An entry upon the records under date of February 16. 184.'?, sets 
forth "that the brethren in Royalton met in monthly meeting, had 
a good time but uhcler some trials; received three members, J. Bunker. 
M. Vaniy and S. Ilorton, and moved the church down to Coates' Cor- 



514 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



cis Miner, and the deacons, George Kendall and 
Francis Bark. 

THE DISC'IPLE CHURCH. 

In the year 1828 Ezra Leonard invited Mr. Hayden, 
a Disciple preacher, to visit Royal ton and hold relig- 
ions services for the few of that faith who then re- 
sided there. Mr. Hayden responded promptly, and 
preached his first sermon in the house of John B. 
Stewart. Soon afterward Edward Scofield, formerly 
of the Baptist Church, moved into town, and with 
Mi-. Hayden preached occasionally to the Disciples. 
Mr. Hayden preached in Mr. John Ferris' barn in 
June, 1839, and on that occasion baptized a number 
of converts. 

In the autumn of 1829 a church organization was 
effected. The elders then chosen were Jewett M. 
Frost, John B. Stewart, Adin Dyke and William 
Buck. The deacons were Almon Eastman and Henry 
Bangs. The original membership of thirty has stead- 
ily increased until there are now one hundred and 
eight names on the roll. The elders in 1879 are 
Charles Johnson, Abel Bennet, William S. Greene 
and John B. Stewart, and the deacons are Clark 
Gibbs and Justin Bark. William Moody, of Lafay- 
ette, preaches to the congregation once a' fortnight. 
The society owns a handsome church edifice at the 
center, and is in the enjoyment of decided prosperity. 

THE METHODIST EPISCOP.iL CHUKCH. 

This body was organized about 1836, but until 
1859 worship was held in school houses and the town- 
house. In the latter year the present church-building 
was erected. The organization was originally located 
in the southeastern portion of Eoyalton, and, for a 
time, the Stewart school-house was used as a house of 
worship. Revs. Hugh L. Parish and — Fitch, who 
organized the church, were the first preachers, at 
which time the charge was included in the Brooklyn 
circuit. Subsequently the church was attached suc- 
cessively to the Brunswick, Hinckley and Brecksville 
circuits, in which latter it still j'emains. The first 
class-leader was Hiram Sarles, who was one of the 
most prominent members of the church. The pres- 
ent class-leader is James Ferris, and the trustees are 
John Hall, William Babcock and James Ferris. There 
are now twenty-six members. The pulpit is without 
a regular pastor, depending upon occasional sujiplies. 

ST. mart's (catholic) CHURCH. 

In 1854 there were nine Catholic families in Eoyal- 
ton, and in response to their request Bishop Rappe 
came out from Cleveland and held services at the 
house of Thomas Montague at the center. Afterward 
Fathers Hannan, John and Halley were sent out to 
preach occasionally, and during the time of the latter, 
in 1858, the members of the congregation purchased 
the building now used as a church. The first trustees 
or councilmen of the church were Patrick Flynn, 
William Manny and James Morris. The present 
trustees are Patrick Manny and Bartholomew Lyons. 



About twenty-five families now attend the church, to 
whom Father Zarenczy, of Berea, preaches once a 
mouth, performing mass, however, every week. 



Authorities differ as to who was the first teacher in 
Eoyalton. Oren Abbott and Wm. Towsley have 
both been named as such, but the weight of evidence 
is in favor of Eunice Stewart. The school-house in 
which her labors were pursued was located upon the 
noi'theast corner of section five; and there, also, 
John B. Stewart — the second teacher in the town- 
ship — taught shortly afterwards. 

A log school-house was put up in section nineteen 
at a very early date, in which Wm. Towsley was the 
first teacher. After him, Abial Cushmau was the 
pedagogue. The teachers of that day were perhaps 
imjDerfectly sui^plied with knowledge, but it is gener- 
ally agreed by those whose memory extends to that 
time that they were an energetic, painstaking and 
industrious class of men and women. 

In 1830, when the, township was set off into four 
school districts, there were thirty-five householders 
in District No. 1, twenty-two in District No. 3, six- 
teen in District No. 3, and seventeen in Dis- 
trict No. 4. 

The township is now supjilied with nine excellent 
schools, at whicli the average daily attendance is 244. 
out of a school enumeration of 335. The townsiiip 
tax for school purposes in 1879 was $> 1,378. 

INDUSTRIES. 

About 1866 James Wyatt introduced the manu- 
facture of cheese as a regular business into Eoyalton, 
and for a few years, did a thriving business. In 1869 
Charles Bangs and L. S. Sarles began operations, and 
carried them forward in company until 1871 when 
they dissolved, and Bangs removed to his ijresent 
location, and lias since then been engaged in the busi- 
ness to a considerable extent. After a partnership 
with A. E. Aikens of three years and continuation 
on his own account until 1877, Mr. Sarles retired 
from the business, leaving the field to Mr. Bangs. 

Eoyalton was at one time esteemed a famous dairy 
town, and produced a great quantity of milk, but 
latterly this brauch of farming has declined in pro- 
portion to others, although still receiving no small 
share of the husl)andmau's attention. Capital is 
likewise invested in nurseries of which several send 
to market annually a valuable list of trees, plants, 
etc. 

General farming is, however, the main dependence 
of the people, and as the country contains a fruitful 
soil, the agricultural interests are exceedingly i)ros- 
perous; tlie farmers being usually in comfortable, and 
often in afHuent circumstances. 

EMPIRE LODGE, I. O. 0. F. 

Empire Lodge, No. 346, I. 0. 0. F., was insti- 
tuted in July, 1859, with twelve charter members, 



SOLON. 



515 



viz: Cliarles Baugs, Orville Bangs, Joseph W. Smith, 
.lohii Mareelhis, William Frost, Thomas S. Bark, 
Wesley Pope, J. T. Akers, Edwin Bangs, George 
Johnson, Charles lleath and L. S. Sarles. 

The lodge owns a large framed edifice at the cen- 
ter (Ijiiilt in 1864) in the upper portion of which is a 
wi'U appointed and commodious lodge room; the lower 
l)art being used as a store. The membership in Au- 
gust, 18T9, was forty, although in 1878 twenty mem- 
bers withdrew upon the formation of a lodge in 
Hrecksville. The present officers arc Geo. Mathews, 
N. G.; John Kirkland, V. G.; D. C. Marcellus, T., 
F. Lesser, R. S.; Joseph W. Smith, P. S. 

CEMETERIES. 

The first public eometery in Koyalton was laid out 
at the center, a tract of five acres having been bought 
from John Watkins for that purjjose. Upon that 
tract the town hall, the Baptist church and the cem- 
etery are located. The latter is now a neglected, 
weed-choked and most unsightly spot. The first 
death in the township was that of Catherine, wife of 
Charles Coates. She was buried in a family burial 
l)iaee upon the Coates farm. There are several cem- 
eteries in the township, of which the finest in appear- 
ance is the one at the center adjoining the Disciple 
ehurcli. It is prettily adorned, and its neatly kept 
walks, graceful foliage, and beautiful monuments, are 
well calculated to relieve the sad thoughts which nat- 
urally associate themselves with the homes of the 
dead." 



CHAPTER LX.\ X V. 

SOIiON. 

Two Kamilies on the Way— Their Tedious Route— Robbins and Bull 
make the First Settlement— Oliver Wells —Arrival of Miss Delia -First 
Twins— The First School— Organization of Township— Names of the 
Voters— Choice of a Name— Tlie First Offloers— C'hasinp an Elk— First 
Settlement on North Haif- On Hampshire Street — Increasing Emi. 
gralion -R. >1. Hanaford— Wni. Pillshury at the Center— W. W. Higby 
— Settlers on the Ledge— A Disgusted Stranger— First ?.Iarriage and 
Death- Fii-st t'liureh and Physician Bears. Deer and Rattlesnakes- 
Black Salts- Selling Sugar in Cleveland— (Joing Courting in Aurora— 
A Profess, r in the Woods— The First Store— Captain .\rchibald Rob- 
bins -Generallmprovement. Mails, etc.- Solon in t^e War— Education 
—Railroads— Business Places at the Center— Congregational Church- 
Disciples' Church— Methodist Church— Principal Township Olflcers. 

Is liie month of August, 1820, two families, well 
supplied with teams, household goods, and especially 
with children, might have been seen making their tedi- 
ous way along the rough road from Newburg through 
Indejieiidence to Hudson in the present county of 
Summit, and thence northeastward to Aurora, now 
in Portiige county, where they made their temporary 
stopi)ing-plaee. From that point the heads of the 
two families made a thorougli examination of the un- 
occupied land round about, and after due considera- 
tion determined to locate themselves in the west part 
of the " Wiiliiims and Ellsworth " tract, which com- 
prised the southern portion of township si.\, range ten, 



then described as the survey-township of Milan, but 
now known as the civil township of Solon. 

The heads of those two families were Samuel ]5ull 
and Captain Jason Robbins, both lately from W^ethers- 
field, Hartford county, Connecticut, and both, when 
past the meridian of life (Mr. Bull being forty-five 
years old and Captain Robbins fifty-eight), having 
determined to try their fortunes in what was then 
Cidled the far western wilderness of Xorthern Ohio. 

Having erected their log-houses (those inevitable 
pioneer palaces), and having made such other pre- 
parations as circumstances permitted, the two men, in 
the month of November, 1830, moved their families 
from Ansom to their new homes; thus becoming the 
first settlers in the present township of Solon. Al- 
though these were the only two families in the town- 
ship, yet they made quite a beginning in the way of 
settlement, as Mr. Bull had six children and Cajjtain 
Robbins full as many. 

Their places were situated on what had been an 
important mail and supply route from Pittsburg to 
Cleveland during the war of 1812, but which in 1820 
hiid been abandoned in favor of the road through the 
more settled regions of Independence, Hudson, etc., 
and had become impassable by reason of growing 
bushes and fallen timber. It is now the direct route 
from Cleveland through Solon Center to Aurora. 
Their nearest neighbors were two miles to the south- 
east, in the northwest corner of Aurora. In the 
direction of Cleveland they could travel without see- 
ing a single residence to a point within three miles of 
the village of Newburg, and nine miles from their 
own homes. To the westward, also, it was nine miles 
to a neighbor, who resided in the south westernmost 
part of Bedford. 

Of the four men and women who thus began the 
settlement of Solon, all remained at their chosen loca- 
tion throughout their lives. Samuel Bull died in 
18;58, at the age of sixty-three; Mrs. Eleanor Robbins 
died in 1850, at the age of seventy-seven; Captain 
Jason Robbins died in 1852, at the age of ninety; 
while Mrs. F.mny Huntington Bull, the last and 
oldest of the venerable iiuartette, survived to the rc- 
marktdde age of ninety-four, dying in the year 1872. 
Of Mr. Bull's family, Pitkin S., Lorenzo S. and Nor- 
man A. are still living, and it is from the second 
named that we have derived the facts jireviously nar- 
rated. Of Mr. Robbins' family, W. \\. Robbins and 
Mrs. I. N. Blackmail still suivive. 

The third family which settled in the towiishi]i 
w:is that of Oliver >W4b, who came from the stimc 
locality as Messrs. Robbins and Bull in the autumn 
of 1821, and located on lot number forty of the 
Williams and Ellsworth tract, being the southwest- 
ernmost lot in the townsliip. From this time for- 
ward there were but few arrivals for nearly ten years; 
the land being held at higher jjrices by the proprie- 
tors than most emigrants were willing to pay. 

We must not, however, neglect to mention one im- 
portant arrival which occurred soon after Mr. Wells' 



516 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



settlement in the township — that of Delia, a daugh- 
ter of Mr. and Mrs. Oliver Wells, and the first white 
child horu in Solon. The same couple were also the 
parents of the first twins born in the township, who 
followed in due season after Miss Delia. 

The first school in Solon was taught by John nonry 
about 1823, his only patrons being Messrs. Robbius 
and Bull, who were the only two who lived near 
enough to join in the enterprise. Robbins furnished 
four children and Mr. Bull three. The price was 
ten dollars a month and board, and, according to Mr. 
li. S. Bull, his father paid in shoeniaking and Cap- 
tain Robbins in majile sugar. 

Although emigration was slow, yet a few settlers did 
arrive, and by 1825 there were eight voters in the town- 
ship: Messrs. Robbins, Bull and Wells, already named, 
young P. S. Bull, then just come of age, and four 
new arrivals, John C. Carver, C. M. Leach, Thomas 
Marsliall and Ichabod Watrous — -all in the south part 
of the township. Down to this time the survey^ 
township of Milan had remained a part of the civil 
township of Orange, but in the year last named the 
eight geutlemen mentioned, thinking perhaps that it 
would attract attention and emigration, determined to 
have an organization of their own. On their petition 
the county commissioners set off Milan into a separate 
township, and ordered an election of officers. 

By general consent the other settlers accorded to 
Messrs. Bull and Robbins, as the earliest pioneers, the 
privilege of naming the new township. They were 
desirous of commemorating some name connected 
with one of their families, but as neither Bulltown 
nor Robbinsburg seemed to sound exactly right, they 
finally agreed to adopt the second name of Mr. Bull's 
second son, Lorenzo Solon Bull, now the worthy post- 
master at Solon Center. The complaisant commis- 
sioners confirmed the appellation, and thus the name 
of the great Grecian lawgiver was applied (although 
at second hand) to one of the pleasant and fertile 
townships of Cuyahoga county. 

At the first election the following officers were 
chosen: Trustees, Juson Robbins, Samuel Bull, Icha- 
bod Watrous; clerk, Jason Robbins; treasurer, Pitkin 
S. Bull; constable, Pitkin S. Bull; overseer of the 
poor, Pitkin S. Bull; justice of the peace, Oliver 
Wells. The list is furnished us by tlie numerously 
elected Pitkin S. Bull, the only survivor of the official 
five to whom the eight offices were allotted. 

Solon, when first settled, like all the rest of the 
Western Reserve, abounded in wild game; not only 
were wolves, deer, bear, etc., to be fonnd there in 
great numbers, but occasionally even tlie lofty elk 
was to be seen bearing aloft his wide-brancliing horns 
adown the forest glade, and starting in sudden dismay 
at tlie faintest sound of the woodman's axe. These 
stately animals, however, very speedily disappeared. 
In 1821, the year after the first settlement, P. S. Bull 
and Warren Warner chased a large buck elk for three 
days through Milan (Solon) and the adjoining town- 
ships, it being finally killed in Northficld (now in 



Summit county) by a third hunter, who struck its 
track a little ahead of the unlucky Milanese and 
gained the prize. This was, so far as known, the last 
elk seen in the township. Bear remained a few years 
longer, and other wild game was abundant till a far 
later period. 

The first .settlement in the north half of the town- 
ship was made about 1827 by John Morse, who located 
near the old State road before mentioned (running 
from Cleveland to Aurora, etc.), not far from the 
Bedford line. He was followed within two or three 
years by Joseph G. Patrick, Baxter Clough, — Gerish 
and others, from the State of New Hampshire; for 
which reason that road has been called llampsliire 
street down to the present time. John C. Sill settled 
in the township in 1831, and Walter Stannard and 
John Hodge about the same time. Mr. Martle settled 
in the extreme northwest part of the township. 

And now the tide of emigration began to rise rap- 
idly. In 1832 Reuben M. Hanaford settled in Hamp- 
shire street, about a mile and a half northwestward 
from the center. He is still living at the latter place, 
and we are indebted to his vigorous memory for many 
facts regarding the history of the township subsequent 
to his arrival. Not a tree had then been cut witliin 
a mile of the center. William Pillsbury, however, 
purchased the land around the center that same year. 
No roads were cut out in that part of the township, 
and no wagons were in use. There were merely paths 
through the woods, traversed summer and winter by 
ox-sleds. 

William W. Higby was then working in Solon, 
where he has ever since been a permanent resident. 
Elijah Pettibone settled that year (1832) in the south- 
east part of the township, where he and his sons have 
since been permanent citizens. AVilliam W. Richards, 
C. R. Fletcher and John Hale all came that year or 
the next, and settled in the south and northwest parts 
of the township. These, including Pettibone, were 
all from Jefferson county. New York. 

The first settlers in the north part, on what is 
known as "The Ledge," were Elisha Wilmott and 
Albert Pond, who located there about 1833. Tliese 
were soon followed by Abraham Witter, George H. 
Mason, Stephen Dunwell and Alvin Harrington, 
most of these in this section being from Maine. 
Deacon John Barnard settled in the township about 
1833. 

The ground at the center being low and somewhat 
wet, that was one of the last points to be settled. An 
anecdote related by Mr. Hanaford shows the unpleas- 
ant impression which the township, and especially 
that portion of it, made upon strangers at the period 
of wliich we are speaking. Several roads had been 
laid out, meeting at the center, but none had been 
cut out, all being desigr.ated only by lines of marked 
trees. Having occasion to go to Twinsburg, during 
the first year of his residence in tlie township, Mr. 
Hanaford followed the line of marked trees south to 
that point, and then returned by the same track to 



SOLON. 



517 



tlie centci'. As he approached the latter point toward 
iiiglitfall, ho saw a man on horseback looking anxious- 
ly at tlie various indications of Jiighways yet to be. 

''See here, stranger," he exclaimed, immediately 
on observing Mr. llanaford, " I wish you would tell 
me which way I ouglit to go to get out of this in- 
fernal town." 

"Well," replied Mr. llanaford, '' that dejiends on 
where you want to go to. This line of marked trees," 
pointing south, " leads to Twiusbnrg; that one runs 
southwest to Aurora; that one due north will take 
you to Orange; this one on the west " — 

"No matter about that," interrupted the traveler; 
" I've just came from the west through that cursed 
swamp, and I'll swear I don't want to go that way. 
I don't care where these otlier trails go to either; all 
I want to know is which is the quickest way out of 
town." 

Mv. llanaford gave him the distances to the various 
ixjints mentioned, the stranger selected the nearest 
one and immediately started toward it at a I'apid pace. 
Scarcely had he got out of sight when the wolves 
wore heard howling in the forest; a circumstance 
which probably did not diminish his anxiety to get 
"out of town," aud which caused Mr. Hanaford to 
hasten'his pace materially on his way home. 

The first man who built a house at the Center 
was Freeman McClintock, who located there in 
1H3'2 or '33. He resided there in his log cabin two 
or three years before any joined him. 

The axes of the woodmen now resounded on every 
side, and in three years after Mr. Hanaford's arrival, 
in 1832, nearly all the land in the township had been 
jiurchascd from the original proprietors. 

It was not until about 1833 that the first marriage 
took place in Solon, the parties being Baxter Clough 
and Hannah Gerrish, both of "Hampshire street," 
the officiating magistrate being ('apt. John Bobbins, 
the second justice of the peace in Solon. 

The first death was that of Mrs. Tiiomas Marshall, 
which occurred in 1834, fourteen years after the 
settlement of tlie township. There being, naturally, 
no burying-ground in Solon before there was a death, 
she was taken to what was called the Seward burying- 
ground, in Aurora, for interment. Several other of 
the Solon jiioneers also rest there. 

liy this time both the Presbyterians and the ^leth- 
odists liad begun to hold meetings in the township — 
in fact, I'resbyterian meetings were held at Mr. Han- 
aford's iiouse as early as 1832. In 1834 or '35 a reg- 
ular church of that denomination was formed, being 
composed largely of the New P^nglanders on Hamp- 
shire street. A year or so later they built the first 
church edifice in tlic township, at the Center. It was 
the seciuid frame building there, and was placed on 
high posts (" stilts," some called them) on account of 
the dampness of the soil. A separate sketch will be 
given of this church witli the others. 

In 1834 the first physician. Dr. Alpheus Morrill, 
settled in Solon. He remained several years. 



The same year liuit the doctors began to come the 
bears disajjpearod. Mr. S. S. Bull mentions that the 
last of those animals was seen in Solon in 1834. In 
that year four were killed in the townshi]) ; one by 
Thomas Marslndl, one by S. S. Bull, one by William 
W. Iligby, and one very large one, weighing abont 
four hundred pounds, by Jason Kobbins, 2nd. 

The deer still continued ([uite numerous, and many 
a jolly hunt was enjoyed by the youth of Solon. 
William W. Iligby stood at the head of the Ninirods 
of that tow-nshi]), and had hardly a rival in the country 
round, excepting Hiram Spofford, of Bedford, who 
hunted largely in Solon. Neither of them consid- 
ered it a very remarkable feat to kill from six to eight 
fat deer in the course of a day, while as to raccoons, 
turkeys, etc., they numbered their victims by the 
hundreds every season. 

Rattlesnakes, too, were extremely frcipient through- 
out the pioneer period, especially on "the ledge'" 
in the northern part of the township. One night 
when Albert Pond got up to attend to his sick child 
he was somewhat startled to find a large, yellow 
rattlesnake stretched out comfortably in front of 
the embers of the fire. Similar unpleasant en- 
counters with these reptiles were not uncommon, 
but we do not hear of any fatal results — except to the 
snakes. 

The early exports of Solon consisted of ma])le sugar, 
"black salts," and deerskins. The "black salts," 
as is known by all the older citizens, were the results 
of boiling down the ley made from the ashes which 
could be produced in abundance by every energetic 
settler in clearing his own land. These were gen- 
erally sold at Newburg. As they could speedily be 
transformed into pot- and jiearl-ashes, which might 
be shipped east at slight expense, tiiey would bring 
cash, when grain was almost unsaleable from the 
fact that the trans})ortatiou cost nearly or quite as 
much as it was worth in the Eastern markets. 

As for sugar and molasses, each man who had a 
surplus when the mai)le-sugar season was on, put it 
in a wagon' and started with an ox-team for Cleve- 
land, occupying two days in the trip. There he 
would take a pail and a pair of steelyards and drive 
from house to house, selling from ten to fifty j)ounds 
in a place. If even a merchant took a whole barrel, 
he was thought to be doing a wholesale business. 

While many young married men, with their fami- 
lies, came into Solon at this period, a large projwr- 
tioii of the settlers were bachelors. Nearly every one 
of these, as soon as he had made a little clearing and 
built a log cabin, would start for the nearest settle- 
ment, hunt up a good-looking girl and go to courting 
her with a straightforward energy which seldom 
failed of success. As Aurora (Portage county) was 
the oldest settled township in the vicinity, and the 
most convenient of access, and was also blessed with 
an ample supply of handsome, agreeable and indus- 
trious young ladies, the solitary Solonites betook 
themselves thither in large numbers, and witli emi- 



518 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



neiit good fortune, a larger proportion of the pioneer 
mothers of Solon coming from Aurora than from any 
otlior township on the Eeserve. 

Even after the building of the Proisbytcrian Cliuruh 
at the Center, it was sometimes ditKcult for the min- 
istei's who were to preach in it to find their way to the 
lionse of the Lord through the thinly-settled woods 
of Solon. Professor Reuben Nutting, of Western 
Reserve College at Hudson, who occasionally preached 
there, got belated one cool Saturday night in autumn, 
when on his way thither on horseback, lost his way 
when within a mile of the meeting-house, and, after 
wandering around for a long time, finally became sat- 
isfied that he could not find his way out. The pro- 
fessor had evidently been deeply impressed by the 
sanitary precept, " Keep your feet warm and your 
head cool." Having hitched his horse and taken off 
the saddle, with tiie invariable saddle-bags, which 
formed a part of every minister's equipment in those 
days, he took the "comforter" from his neck, cut it 
in two, wrapped the pieces around his feet, and then 
bestowed his pedal extremities, one in each of the 
s:iddle-bags. Thus protected, he lay down on the dry- 
est place he could find, and it is to be j)resumed that, 
whatever may have been his sufferings in other re- 
spects, he didn't catch cold in his feet. The next 
morning he found his way to tiie waiting congrega- 
tion, but was too much exhausted to speak until after- 
noon. 

It was not u''til about 184:0 that Solon was far 
enough advanced to support a store. The first one 
was then established at the center by Captain Arclii- 
bald Robhins, son of Captain Jason Robbius, the 
early settler before mentioned, who had become a 
resident of the township many years after liis father. 
Tlie younger Captain Robbins had had a very roman- 
tic and thrilling experience. Pie had been the mate 
of Captain Riley, whose "Narrative" was once read 
with delighted interest by thousands of youth 
throughout the country. Riley and Robbins, with 
their crew, had been cast ashore on the western coast 
of Africa; had been captured by Arabs, and had only 
escaped after along and painful captivity. 

Captain Robbins also published a narrative of his 
adventures, but it was not as widely known as that of 
Captain Riley, perhaps because the former, being a 
very ])lain, straightforward man, did not embellish 
his account with the productions of his imagination 
sufficiently to suit the popular taste. After having 
subsequently been in cliief command of various ves- 
sels for a number of years, and after keeping a store 
a few years at Griffithsburg, now in the township of 
Chagrin Falls, Captain Robbins had finally estab- 
lished himself in Solon, where he died in 1859 at the 
age of sixty-seven. Besides his store at the center he 
had an asliery, where he made black salts and pearl- 
ash, which for a long time were almost legal tender 
among the settlers. 

We have now given a brief sketch of the pioneer 
times in Solon. After 1840 the township rapidly 



assumed the appearance of a cultivated counti-y. 
Framed houses superseded log ones on all the princi- 
pal roads, and in time even the byroads showed the 
same signs of thrift and prosperity. The population 
steadily increased. The deer disappeared before the 
advancing waves of civilization. A small village 
slowly grew up at Solon Center, whither the farmers 
brought a portion of their products, while the re- 
mainder was furnished a ready market by the re- 
markable growth of Cleveland. A steam sawmill was 
built at the center before the war of 1801 by — John- 
son, which is still in operation there, being owned by 
John Cowen. Another steam sawmill with a large 
cheese-box factory connected with it was erected by 
Calvin Gilfert, and operated by him until it was de- 
stroyed by fire a few years since. 

At length came the war for the Union, when the 
youth of Solon promptly responded to their country's 
call. The deeds of the regiments in which they were 
embodied are recorded in their appi'opriate jilace in 
the general history, and the names of the gallant sons 
of Solon are to be found with their comrades from 
other towns appended to their respective regiments 
and batteries. A detachment of the first recruits 
joined the Twenty-third Ohio, President Hayes' regi- 
ment. Each of these was presented with a pistol by 
the patriotic ladies of the township. An interesting 
incident, growing out of this circumstance and con- 
nected with Corporal Sheridan E. Bull, son of Loren- 
zo S. Bull and grandson of Samuel Bull, the jiioncer 
settler, is narrated in the sketch of that regiment in 
the general history. 

Aside from war, the most imjiortant event in the 
history of the townshij) in later years has been the 
construction of the Cleveland branch of the Atlantic 
and Great Western Railway, which runs diagonally 
across the township from northwest to southeast. 
The establishment of its depot about a fourth of a 
mile northwest of the original "C!enter,'' has caused 
a considerable extension of the vilhige in that direc- 
tion. 

Great attention has always been paid to education 
in Solon, and it still ranks among the foremost rural 
townships of northern Ohio in that respect. In 18(57 
and '08 a very fine brick school-house was erected at 
the center designed for the use of the village district, 
and as a high school for the township. There ai-e 
two teachers in it, and about seventy scholars. 

In 1878 a narrow gauge railroad was completed 
from Chagrin Falls to Solon. Its effect in increasing 
the business of the latter jjlace s yet to be seen. 
The business places and shops of Solon now comprise 
the following list: Four general stores, one drug 
store, one tin shop, one hotel, two blacksmith shojis, 
one shoe shop and one steam sawmill. Of late years 
dairying has become a leading business of the farmers, 
and there are now five cheese factories in the town- 
ship. 

The remainder of the township history will be de- 
voted to brief sketches of the three churclies which 



SOLON. 



519 



have been organized in it, and to a list of the principal 
townslii]) officers. 

TlIK ('0Ni;itE(iAT10NAI, I IICRCII. 

As before .^tati'd, tliis cliurch was oi'gaiiizod in 1S;)4 
or '35, tlic presiding minister having l)een Kev. .lohn 
Seward, of Aurora, Portage conntv. Tiic first nieni- 
l)ers were Josepli Patrick and Amanda, his wife; Bax- 
ter C'longli and Hannah, his wife; Samuel Gcrrish and 
Betsey, his wife: John iforse, his mother and his 
sister Prudence; Asa Stevens and Susan, his wife, 
aiul 1{. M. llanaford and Nancy, his wife. Probably 
William Pillsbury and wife, and Horace Merry were 
also among those ])resent at tlie oi'ganization; if not, 
they joined shortly afterward. Asa Stevens was one 
of tho-first deacons. 

For about a year the church usually met at the 
iiouse of old Mrs. Morse, a mile or so northwest of 
the Center. At the end of that time the framed 
church, still in use, was erected at the Center. Dur- 
ing eleven years there was no settled minister, the 
)mlpit being filled by professors from Western Reserve 
College, by occasional supplies, by lay readers, etc. 
In 1845 Rev. Jolin Seward, the sanie who had or- 
ganized the church, became its permanent ])astor, and 
remained so until 1861. The church has since main- 
tained itself in a condition of steady prosperity. 
I'liere are now about one hundred persons wliose 
names are on tlie roll, of whom at least eighty are 
regular communicants. Rev. James Webster is the 
jiresent pastor, 1878. 

THE DLSCIPLE CHURCII. 

Disciple meetings were held at Solon as early as 
1840. On the 29th of November, 1841, a cliurch was 
fully organized there, with thirteen members. It has 
tlourislied and increased ever since, having now about 
a hundred members. Among its ministers have been 
the following: J. H. Rhoads, J. II. Jones, T. B. 
Knowles, James A. Garfield, H. W. Everest, John 
Smith, 0. C. Hill, John Atwater, A. B. Gieene, and 
the pi-esent incumbent, C. W. Henry. The elders are 
L. S. Bull, 11. P. Boynton and C. S. Carver; the 
deacons, F. H. Baldwin, M. J. Roberts and W. W. 
liobbins; the trustees, F. II. Baldwin, W. W. Koli- 
bins and J. J. Little. 

THE METHODIST CnrUClI. 

There was Jlethodistpreacliing at tiie school-house 
on "the ledge" in the north part of the township 
as early as 1840, and soon afterwards at the school- 
house at the Center, but it was not until 1854 that a 
church edifice was built, and regular service estab- 
lished. There was then ipiite a flourishing congrega- 
tion, but it has since become so enfeeljled by removals, 
deaths, etc., that it is impossible to learn the details 
regarding its early history. 

Preaching was regularly maintained from the erec- 
tion of the church edifice most of the time until 
about ISGii. Rev. Mr. A'crnon was the j)astor in 1860, 



Rev. Mr. Latimer in 1868, and Rev. Mr. Burgess in 

1809. Since then, the congregation have had to de- 
pend principally on transient preaching. 

rRINCtPAL TOWNSHIP OFFICERS, 

The township records down to 1838 are destroyed 
or lost; so that we can only give the names of the 
officers elected from that time to the present, with 
the addition of those chosen the first year, who were 
as follows: Trustees, Jason Robbins, Samuel Bull 
and Ichabod Watkins; clerk, Jason Rolibins; treas- 
urer, Pitkin S. Bull; overseer of the poor. Pitkin S. 
Bull; constable, Pitkin S. Bull; justiceof the peace, 
Oliver Wells. 

1838. Trustees, Samuel Glasier, James M. Hickox Jarvis McCon- 
oughy ; clerk, Joseph G. Patrick; treasurer. Freeman McClintock; over- 
seers of the poor. Collins Reed, William Higliy. 

18:39. Trustees. S. Glasier, Wm. Higby, Ralph Russell; clerk, J. (i. 
Patrick; treasurer, Reuben M. Hanaford ; overseers of the poor, Col, 
Uns Reed. Seymour Trowbrdge. 

1840. Trustees, S. M. HiekcK, J. G. Patrick, Theodore S. Powell; 
clerk, Archibald Robbins; treasurer, R, M. Hanaford; overseers of the 
poor, Wm. R. Richards, James McConoughy. 

1841. Trustees, Morris Bosworth, Obadiah B. .Tudd; clerk, ,Iohn M. 
Hart; treasurer, S. Trowbridge; overseers of the poor, Wra. Higby, 
Henry Hillman. 

1S42. Trustees. Ebenezer Gove, Daniel Morse, Caleb R. Fletcher; 
clerk, H. W. Hart; treasurer, S. Trowbridge; assessor. Arch. Robbins; 
overseers of the poor, W. W. Robbins, Asa Stevens. 

KM-I. Trustees. Leander Cliamberlin. .loel Seward. W'ni. Higbv; clerk, 
A. Robbins; treasurer, Asa Stevens; assessor, J. JI. Hart: overseers of 
the poor. Samuel Glasier, Geo. Mann. 

l.S«. Trustees, Simeon T. Shepard, Sanford H. Bishop, Seymour 
Trowbridge; clerk, A. Robbins; treasurer. Joel Seward; assessor, J. G. 
Patrick; overseers of the poor, John McClintock James Smith. 

1845. Trustees, S. H. Smith. W. W. Richards, L. S. Bull; clerk. A. 
Robbins; treasurer, S. T. Shepard; assessor. R. M. Hanaford; over- 
seers of the poor, .Tohn McClintock, S. Trowbridge. 

184e. Trustees, Joel Seward, H. W. Hart. E. Conk; clerk, L. S. Dull; 
treasurer, A. Robbins; assessor, O. B. Judd. 

184T Trustees, C. R. Fletcher, Simon Norton, S. H. Bishop; clerk, 
John Dendy; tjeasurer, J. M. Hickox; assessor, .\lmon Case. 

1M.8. Tiustees, Daniel Morse, Wm. W. Richards, Norman A. Bull; 
clerk, Wm. R. Robbins; treasurer, John M. Hart; assessor, R. M. Han- 
aford. 

1849. Trustees, Henry G. March, Leander Chamberlain, E. Gove; 
clerk, W. R. Robbins; treasurer, J G. Patrick; assessor, L. S. Bull. 

18.50. Trustees, H. G. March, W'm. R. Sill, S. Trowbridge; clerk, Ed- 
mund Richmond; treasurer, A. Robbins; asses-sor, S. H. Bishop. 

1851. Trustees. S. Trowbridge, Richard Dewey, Francis Petlilmne; 
clerk, W. R. Robbins; treasuier, X. Robbins; assessor, O. B. Juild. 

1&52. Trustees, Robert Smith, C. R. Smith, W. W. Robbins; clerk, W. 
W. Barnard; treasurer. J. .1. JlcClintoek; assessor, Austin Blackman. 

ISiW Trustees, W. W. Richards, Norman A. Bull, Orris B. Smith; 
clerk, Wm. R. Robbins; treasurer, Geo. S. Hicko.\; assessor, F. Pitti- 
bone. 

1854. Trustees, J. M. Hickox, Dexter McCliutock, Wm. Higby; clerk, 
John Deady; treasurer, Wm. B. Price; Assessor, F. Pettibone. 

1855. Trustees, Calvin T. Reed, H. O. March, S. T. Shepard; clerk, 
John Deady; treasurer. W. B. Price; assessor, F. Pettibone. 

IS.'ifi. Trustees, Daniel, Calvin Gilbert, Augustus Pettibone; clerk, 

S. B. Smith; trea-surer. W. I?. Price; assessor. G. Gove. 

1858. Trustees, R. M. Hanaford, C. H. Baldwin, L. Chamberlain; 
clerk, Wra. K. Ricksecker; treasurer, C. Gilbert; assessor, Norman A 
Bull. 

1859. Trustees, R. SI. Hanaford, S. T. Shepherd, O. B. Smith; clerk, 
W'. K. Ricksecker; tre.isurer, W. R. Robbins; asse^or, H. A. Smith. 

ISfiO. Trustees. H. N. Slade. James Wester, R, Dewey; clerk, R. R. K. 
Merrill; treasurer, C. B. Lockwood; assessor, H. A. Smith. 

18<il. Trustees, H.N. Slade, C. Chamberlain, G. G. Hickox: clerk, 
Hiram Chapman; treasurer, C B. lA)ckwoo<l;as.sessor. .V. Blackman. 

1862. Trustees, O. G. Hickox, Alfred Stevens, RoyalTaylorind: clerk, 
W. R. Rabbins; treasurer, C. B. Lockwood; assessor, C. H. Baldwin. 

1H63. Trustees, Royal Taylor and, O. B. Smith, Alfred D. Robbins; 
clerk, R, R. K. Merrill; treasurer, J. C. Webster; assessor, C. H. Bald- 
win. 

J8<n. Trustees, O. B. Smith, A. N. Slade, J. N. Blackman; clerk, A. 
M. Smith; trea.survr, A. D. Robbins; as.sessor, L. S. Bull. 

180.5. Trustees, H. N. Slade, J. M. Hickox, S. P. McConoughy; cleric, 
A. M. Smith; treasurer, E. C. Blackman; assessor, C. T. Reed, 



530 



THE TOWNSHIPS OP CtTYAHOGA COUNTY. 



1866. Trustees, C. H. Carmon, Fenner Bosworth, J. M. Hickox; clerk, 
J. Ij. Chamberlain; treasurer, E. C. Blackman; assessor. H. A, Smith. 

1867. Trustees, J. M. Ilickox, F. Bosworth, H A. Smith; clerk, J, L. 
Chamberlin; treasurer, E. C. Blackman; assessor, L. Chamberlain. 

1868. Trustees, C. L. Chamberlain, H. A. Smith, James Webster; 
clerk, J. S. Chamberlain; treasurer, E. C. Blackman; assessor, L. Cham- 
berlain. 

1869. Trustees. C. L. Chamberlain. N. A. Bull, F. Bosworth; clerk. 
W. F. Hale; treasurer, E. C. Blackman; assessor, Wm. J. McConoughy. 

1870. Trustees, N. A. Bull, Thomas Potter, H. Haster; clerk, R. B. K. 
Merrill; treasurer, R. W. Collins; assessor, Wm. J. McConoughy. 

1871. Trustees, Thos. Potter, H. A, Smith, J. N. Blackman; clerk, R- 
R. K. Merrill; treasurer, R. W. Collins; assessor, W. J McConoughy. 

1872. Trustees, J. N. Blackman, Richard Davey, O. B. Smith; clerk, 
R. R. K. Merrill; treasurer, W. F. Hale; assessor, W. J. McConoughy. 

1873. Trustees, O. B. Smith, W. W. Bobbins, E. Dewey; clerk, W. F. 
Ilanatord; treasurer. W. F. Hale; assessor, L. S. Bull. 

1874. Trustees, Walter W. Robbins, Chester S. Carver; clerk, John 
Deady; treasurer, Erskine Merrill; assessor, L. Chamberlain. 

1875. Trustees, Francis Pettibone, Daniel McAfee, Richard Dewey; 
clerk, John Deady ; treasurer, E. R. Merrill; assessor, L. Chamberlin. 

1870. Trustees, L. D. Hanaford, J. N. Blackman, D. Mc.\tee; clerk, 
W. F. Hanaford; treasurer, W. F. Hale; assessor, W. J. McConoughy. 

1877. Trustees, J. N. Blackman, H. L. March. C. H. Baldwin; clerk, 
F. A. Hale; treasurer, W. F. Hale; assessor, W. J. McConoughy. 

1878. Trustees, A. Pettibone, James Harper, H. L. March; clerk, F. 
A. Hale; treasurer, W. F. Hale; assessor, W. J. McConoughy, 

187!*. Trustees, C. H. Bildwin, Feuner Bjsworth, A. H. Chamber- 
lin; clerk, W. C. Lawrence; treasurer, W. C. Lawrence; assessor, W. J. 
McConoughy. 



CHAPTER LXXXVI. 

STRONGSVILIiE . 

When Settled— Its Surface— Its Early Owners— J. S. Strong. Agent— 
The First Pioneers — First Woman and Child— The Survey — Unwelcome 
Intruders — An Indian Visitor — The Second Family — Going after Grain 
— First Marriage— First Birth- Emigrants of 1817— Progress— First 
Church— Township Organization— First Officers— The First Physician 
— Emigrants of 1818— Underbrushing the Road— First Framed Build- 
ing—First Death— Emigrants of 1819— Fii-st Tavern and Gristmill— Arr i- 
valsof 1830— Panther I'i. Owl— Good Health -Indians— Second Grist- 
mill—A Check on Emigration— The Vote of 1824— Scarce Money— 
" Black Salts "—A Potash Campaign— First Store liuilding— The Town 
House. Etc.— Log Raisings— Bark Torches— A Bear Hunt— Settlement 
at Albion— Flush Times— Carding Machine, Woolen Factor.v, Etc.— The 
Borough of Albion— Extinct Churches— The Great Fire— Subsecjuent 
Business — Final Decline— The Quiet Center— The War for the Union— 
Since the War— List of Offlcial and Professional Men— 'Ihe Free Con. 
gregational Church— The List of Township Officers. 

This townsliip, whicli in the survey of the Western 
Reserve Avas number five, in range fourteen, though 
it was sold by the Indians in 1805, and though its 
boundaries were surveyed in 1806, as related in the 
general history of the county, was not settled by white 
men until the close of the war of 1812. Situated on 
the southern line of Cuyahoga county, its twenty-five 
sfjiiare miles were composed chiefly of high, dry lanil, 
covered with beech, maple, oak, elm, etc., somewhat 
broken, but not too much so for tillage, and nearly 
all capable of being converted into excellent farms. 
Tiirough it meandered, in a northwesterly direction, 
the east branch of Rocky river, with several small 
creeks, all finding their way into that stream. 

In the allotment of the western part of the Reserve 
among the members of the Connecticut Land Com- 
pany as individual owners, number five, in range four- 
teen, was assigned to Hon. Oliver Ellsworth, an emi- 
nent Connecticut statesman. Governor Caleb Strong, 
of that State, and to two other gentlemen who owned 
only extremely small fractions. The shares of Mr. 
Ellsworth and Governor Strong were about equal. 



the foi-mer owning to the amount of $13,073, and the 
latter to that of $13,000, while both the other shares 
amounted to only four hundred and fourteen dollars. 
Mr. EUswortli having died, his interest passed to his 
heirs, William W. and H. L. Ellsworth. In 1815 
the owners appointed John Stougliton Strong, an en- 
terprising citizen of Connecticut, already arrived at 
middle age, but full of the vigor and courage of 
youth, to act as their agent in the sale and settlement 
of number five. 

It was in the month of February, ISKi, that the 
first band of settlers, having made their tedious way 
from Connecticut in sleighs, entered the territory 
afterwards known as the township of Strongville. It 
was led by John S. Strong, the gentleman just men- 
tioned, a small, active, nervous man, full of untiring 
energy, well suited to the task of opening a new coun- 
try, and was composed, besides him, of Elijah Lyman, 
Guilford Whitney, William Fuller, Obadiah Church, 

and Goodoll. Mr. Strong selected a point only 

a few rods northwest of the center of the township, 
where the village of Strongville is now located, as the 
place for his own residence and the headquarters of 
the infant colony. Axes were speedily ringing in the 
forest, and a log house was soon erected to serve the 
party for shelter while surveying the township into 
lots. 

To that caliin in tlie forepart of March, 181G, came 
John Hilliard, accompanied by his wife (the first white 
woman who ever resided in Strongsville township), and 
his young daughter, Eliza. Mrs. Hilliard took up 
her residence in the log mansion and became the 
housekeeper of the party. A surveyor was obtained 
from Newburg, and the work of subdividing the 
township into lots was s)icedily begun. Whitney, 
Goodell, Church and Fuller acted as chain-men. The 
lots were made half a mile square, thus containing a 
hundred and sixty acres each. Had the townshijis 
been just five miles square, as was originally intend- 
ed, there would have been just a hundred lots of that 
size. A hundred lots were actually surveyed, but the 
five miles east and west did not quite hold out, and 
tlio lots in the westernmost tier were only about a 
third of a mile wide. They were numbered, begin- 
ning with number one in the southwestern corner, 
thence running north to number ten, in the nortli. 
western corner, thence back in the next tier on the 
east to number twenty, and so on forth and back, 
closing with number one hundred in the northeastern 
corner. 

The survey was the principal luisine.-s of the season, 
though two or three small clearings were made. Mrs. 
Hilliard, who was then only twenty-one years old, 
was the only woman in the township throughout the 
spring and summer, and had her share of the adven- 
tures natural to such a situation. One morning after 
breakfast, while sweeping the rough floor of the cabin, 
she heard a sharp rattle and saw a large snake lying 
on the warm hearth, whither it had just crawled from 
under the floor. She called some of the men who 



STRONGSVILLE. 



521 



were working near the house, wlio speedily came in 
and dispatched tlie intruder. It was found to be an 
enormous specimen over five feet in length. After it 
had been duly examined and then thrown out of 
doors, the men returned to their work and Mrs. Ilil- 
liaid resumed her sweeping. Ere it was completed 
she heard another angry ruttling beneath the floor. 
The men were again summoned, the loose floor was 
o])eued and another large rattlesnake, the mate of the 
former, was killed and dragged out. 

Indians frequently came wandering over I heir 
former hunting-grounds. One day during the sum- 
mer in (piestion while the men were all gone to a 
raising in the adjoining township of Columbia (now 
in Lorain county, but then a part of Cuyahoga), a 
huge warrior, armed with gun, knife and tomahawk, 
sauntered into the cabin where Mrs. Milliard was 
alone with her little daughter and gruttiy a.sked: 
"Where is the man?" She answered indefinitelv 
that he was not at home. The visitor made no hos- 
tile demonstrations, but the numerous stories of In- 
dian atrocities during the recent war were enough to 
make any mother's heart beat with unwonted rpiick- 
ncss under such circumstances. The warrior, unbid- 
ilen, seated himself in a chair, when tlie little girl, 
with all the fearlessness of infancy, toddled up and 
offered him the piece of bread and butter which she 
was eating. He promptly accepted it, and, wiiile 
eating, took the little one upon his knee and caressed 
it. The mother looked on with trembling, but, after 
finishing his bread and butter, the savage soon left 
the house to her very great relief. 

About the first of October, another family was 
added to the little settlement; Guilford Whitney then 
bringing from Connecticut his wife and his four chil- 
dren, Flavel, .Tubal, Vina and Betsey — also a young 
lady named Charlotte Wallace. Later in the same 
month Abial Ilaynes, then a young man, came from 
the .same "land of steady habits," to examine the lo- 
cality. Uis report must have been favorable, for a 
year later his father, Ahijah Ilaynes, Sr., located in 
the new colony with his family including a younger 
I)rother, Ahijah Ilaynes, Jr. Both Abial and Ahijah 
Ilaynes, Jr., still live at Strongsville Center, being 
two of the very oldest surviving residents of the town- 
ship. 

Not only was there no grain in the new settlement, 
but it wa.s extremely scarce in the older localities 
around, owing to the cold summer of 1810. Mr. 
Al>ial Haines mentions that in January, 1817, he was 
compelled to go as far as Harrisville, (now on the 
south line of Jlediua county) some thirty miles dis- 
tant from Strongsviile, to obtain wheat. The road 
could with difficulty be traveled by a yoke of oxen 
with a sled: the wolves came in sight after dusk, 
showing their angry teeth, but declining to come in 
reach of young Haines stout club, and after he arrived 
in Harrisville he iiad to thresh his wheat and winnow 
il with a "hand-fan" before he could get it. The 
price was a dollar a Itushcl. 



During the winter of 1816-'17 the first marriage 
took place in the township; the groom being Hollis 
Whitney and the bride being the Jliss Charlotte Wal- 
lace before mentioned as accompanying Guilford Whit- 
ney's family the preceding autumn. 

Early in 1817 came Chiiuuau Porter, whose son 
Edwin, born shortly afterwards, was the first white 
child born in town. John Hilliard's eldest son, 
Frank, who came into the world only a few days later, 
was the second one. 

The other iniinigrants of this year, so far as known, 
were George F. (lilbert, James Nichols, David Good- 
win, Seth Goodwin, Wheeler Cole, Thatcher Avery, 
James Bennett, Thaddeus Ball, and John and James 
.Smith. This was a large immigration for a single 
townshij), and great prosperity was expected. Peo- 
ple came much more readily to the high, but dry and 
healthy, land of number five than to the more level, 
but damper, ground of -Afiddleljurg. Axes were 
heard in every direction, and log houses rose in various 
parts of the townshij) in quick succession. John 
Bosworth cleared fifty acres for Mr. Strong, thirty of 
which were sown to wheat that fall. Numerous 
smaller clearings were made, many tracts were sown 
to wheat, and the township bade fair to be speedily 
independent of the outer world, so far as food was 
concerned. The religious habits of old Connecticnt 
were imported by the colonists, and on the 10th of 
October the First Congregational Church w.is organ- 
ized, of which a separate sketch is given a few pai'es 
farther on. 

Such i-apid progress incited the principal men to 
apply to the county commissioners to erect number 
five into a separate civil township. Their petition 
was granted, and the name of Strongsviile vms given 
to the new township, in honor of its most prominent 
citizen, John S. Strong. On the IStli day of Febru- 
ary, 1818, the first election was held for the purpose 
of organizing the townshij). It was presided over 
by Ephraim Vaughn, Esq., a justice of the jieace of 
Middleburg. The judges of election were James 
Nichols, David Goodwin, and Chipman Porter. The 
following oflBeers were elected: Trustees, John Dins- 
more, James Nichols, James Smith; clerk, Seth 
(Joodwin; treasurer, Guilford Whitney; fence-viewers, 
James Bennett, Benjamin (}. Barljer; constables, Jas. 
Nichols and G. F. Nichols; supervisors of highways, 
John Bosworth, John Dinsmore, and B. G. Barber. 
The last-named official declined, and Abial Haynes 
was appointed in his place. At a special election the 
following June, James Nichols and Ahijah Haynes, 
Sr., were elected the first justices of the peace. 

In the spring of this year Mr. J. S. Strong brought 
his family from Connecticut — excejit those who, 
having reached man's estate, h: d already emigrated 
to Strongsviile. The whole list embraced the names 
of Warner C., Lynum W., John, Chipman, Emerv, 
Bcuda, Franklin, and Lavinia. Another large fam- 
ily which settled in Strongsviile this 3ear was that of 
Joseph Olds, among the meml)ers of which were Ed- 



523 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



son B. Olds (afterward celebrated in Ohio politics), 
G. L., L.W., C. N., and Dr. Benj. B. Olds. The last- 
named immediately began practice at " the center," 
becoming the first physician in Strongsville. Still 
other emigrants of 1818 were Liakim Lyon and fam- 
ily, Josiah Carpenter and family (including his sons 
Caleb, Zachary, David and Rufns); Zara D. Howe 
and family (including Manser, A. P. and Z. D.); Otis 
and N. d". Billings, Mrs. McNeil, Mrs. G. G. Olds, 
and Apollo S. Soutliworth. A young man named 
Ansel G. Pope also came the same year, and estab- 
lished the first blacksmith shop in the township. 
Mr. Pope, sixty-one years later, still resides at 
Strongsville, in a remarkably hale and vigorous old 
age. 

One of Eliakim Lyon's family, D. S. Lyon, then a 
boy of eleven, is also still a resident of the township. 
He says tliat when he came there was hardly a stick 
of timber cut between Strongsville and Cleveland. 
Tlie same autumn of their arrival the main road, 
which afterward became the turnpike, was " under- 
brushed out" four rods wide, all the brush and sap- 
lings under six inches in diameter being cut away. 
As for the larger trees, travelers were expected for 
a year or two more to make their way between them. 
Mr. Eliakim Lyon settled a mile west of the present 
residence of D. S. Lyon, and about a mile from the 
south line of the township. The Goodwins and a 
Mr. Bennett were all who had then penetrated thus 
far to the southwest. Mr. Lyon for a long time oc- 
cupied Mr. Bennett's house. The wolves were so 
thick and so saucy around them, that one evening 
when Mr. Lyon, tired of their howling, let his big dog 
out into the woods, in hopes to scare them away, they 
quickly chased him back, almost to the very threshold 
of the cabin. 

During the same summer Mr. J. S. Strong erected 
a framed barn, the first framed building in the town- 
sliip. The raising was a great event, attended by all 
the men of Strongsville, and probably by some out- 
siders from Middleburg and Columbia. When the 
work was completed the men ranged themselves on one 
of the plates, in accordance with the ancient custom, 
passed a bottle of whisky from mouth to mouth until 
all had partaken, and tlien gave three rousing cheers, 
while the last man flung the bottle as far as his arm 
could send it. 

The celebrated " Hinckley hunt" occurred in De- 
cember of this year, in which nearly all the men of 
Strongsville took part, but as there were also numer- 
ous participants from several other townships of Cuy- 
ahoga county, we have given a description of it in the 
general history. 

The expenses of "running" the new township were 
very light, but the resources were still more meagsr. 
At the March meeting of the trustees in 1819, the 
expenditures fpr the past year footed up 816.50; the 
collections $8.30. 

In the mouth just named occurred the first dcatli 
in the colonj', that of Stoughton Strong, at the age 



of nineteen. The second was that of Polly, wife of 
Lyman Strong, who died on the 8th of May, 1819, at 
the age of twenty-one. 

The newcomers of this year were Jonathan Pope 
and family, Ebenezer Wilkinson and family, Setii 
Bartlett and family, James Waite, Moses Fowlo, 
David E. Hier, Luther, Samuel and Elijah Bosworth, 
Chester G. and Ezra Tuttle, Jr., John Colton and 
family, and Jeduthan Freeman and family. 

During the summer a Methodist society was organ- 
ized at tlie house of Jonathan Pope, by Eevs. Ira 
Eddy and Billings 0. Plyrapton. The first traveling- 
Methodist preachers were Revs. M. Goddard and 
Charles Waddell. The same season a log structuie 
was erected at the center, designed to serve the triple 
purpose of town-house, school-house and meeting- 
house. It was thus used for six years. In 1820 the 
first tavern was ei-ected by J. S. Strong; a frame Ituild- 
ing which is still used for that purpose at Strongsville 
Center. This was the first framed residence in the 
township. 

Up to this time the peo])]e had generally got tlicir 
grinding done at Vaughn's mill in Middleburg, or at 
Hoadley's in Columbia. When these were dry the 
hungiy citizens were compelled to travel Jis far as 
Tallmage, t!hagrin river, or even Painesville, to procure 
the needed work. That enterprising pioneer, John 
S. Strong, now thought it time that his township 
should have a mill of its own. In the fall of 1820 he 
accordingly erected a gristmill on Rocky river, at tlie 
point now called Albion. E. Lyman wus the mill- 
wright and A. J. Pope did the iron work. Thaddeus 
Lathrop (father of Mrs. Benjamin Tuttle) came from 
Middleburg and boarded the hands who worked on 
the mill, and was afterwards tlie first miller in the 
new structure. A sawmill w;is built aliuui the same 
time as the gristmill. 

During the season Timotliy Clark brought on a 
stock of goods, small, but somewhat larger than those 
previously brought by J. S. Strong, E. Lyman and 
John Bosworth. All the three last named, and we 
believe Mr. Clark, sold their goods in their houses, 
as was the custom in e;irly times almost everywhere. 
The other new arrivals for 1820 were Moses 0. Ben- 
nett, Jesse Root, Benjamin Schofleld, Cyrus Ilarlar. 
and Nathan Britton and family. 

Though the " Hinckley liunt " had, to some extent, 
broken up one haunt of wild animals, they were still 
numerous throughout the woods. Venison was to be 
had for the shooting, while mutton was an almost 
impossible luxury, because the wolves were ajit to get 
ahead of the butcher. Bears were by no means un- 
common, and occocasionally the unearthly scream of 
the panther was heard by the dwellers in the scattered 
cabins, causing every mother to look hastily around 
to see if all her children were safe from that fiercest 
of forest reamers. 

It would seem, however, that the jianther's yell 
could sometimes be imitated by less dangerous 
screamers. Mr. Abial Ilaynes relates how he and his 



STRONGSVILLB. 



533 



father's family were startled one night by a dismal 
noise, which those who claimed to be experts declared 
to be the shriek of a panther. The next night the 
same sound was again heard not far from the cabin. 
Abial took his ritle and proceeded in the direction of 
the noise until he saw a pair of glaring eyes a short 
distance in front of him, about the right higlit from 
the ground for a panthers head. Between these he 
aimed his rifle, fired, and the eyes dropped to the 
earth. Further examination the next morning dis- 
covered a big owl lying cold in deatli beliind the log 
on which it had sat. It is possible that some other 
accounts, by belated travelers, of dismal shrieks and 
ghiring eyes, would liave had an equally harmless 
ending, if tlie suppose) monster had been slain and 
examined. 

The Indians frequently came during the first few 
years of settlement, and stopped a few weeks in tem- 
})orary camps to hunt the game which abounded iu 
the forest. Mr. Haines mentions the existence, at 
various times, of a camp near Albion, another on 
"East Hill," and another larger one, which num- 
bered some fifty inmates, at Strongsville Center. 

From one great pest of new countries the pioneers 
of Strongsville Avere comparatively free. Tliere was 
much less sickness than is usual during the period in 
which the wilderness is subjugated. There was a 
little ague along the banks of Kocky river, but the 
high, dry, rolling ground, of which the township is 
principally composed, was almost entirely free from 
this and other forms of sickness. 

In 18:>1 or '22 J. S. Strong built a distillery near 
his mills, at what is now Albion. In the latter year 
occurred the death of Dr. B. B. Olds, the first phy- 
sician, who had meanwhile married a daughter of Mr. 
Strong. Rev. Luke Bower, the first resident minis- 
ter and school teacher, came this year. The same 
year Mr. Strong, having sold his property at Albion, 
proceeded to build another gristmill on Kocky river, 
nearly two miles east of the center. There could 
hardly have been business enough for two gristmills 
in the thinly-settled township, but Mr. S. was of so 
enterprising a temi)erament that, as Mr. JIaines says, 
" lie couldn't keep still. lie also built an ashery at 
the center, where he manufactured pot and pearl- 
ashes for many years. 

In 1S23 Ezra Tuttle, father of Benjamin Tuttle, 
now of Albion, came into the townsiiip; Benjamin, 
however, did not come till several years later. Eben- 
e/.er Stone settled with his family a mile west of the 
center, one of the members being Marvin E. Stone, 
who is still living at Albion. Mr. Stone bought out 
Ebenezer Pomeroy, who had been there a year or two 
and was about tlie first settler west of the center. 
Curtis Stone also came about the same time; one of 
his sons being Walter F., since a judge of the su- 
l)reme court of tHiio. 

Down to this time, as will have been observed, the 
settlement of the township had been quite rapid, and 
the i)roprietors thought they could safely raise the 



l)rice of the land from l>3.00 to *5.00 per acre. But 
about the same period Congress perfected its system 
of surveys, and instead of selling land as before to 
wealthy men in large tracts, began offering it to every 
one in quarter-sections at a dollar and a quarter an 
acre. Emigration to Strongsville (piickly fell off be- 
fore this competition, and for several years was very 
light; the proprietors being at length compelled to 
reduce their prices to ?!2.00 per acre in order to sell 
their land. The number of residents qualified to vote 
for presidential electors must have been very small, 
for, according to the record, there were only twenty- 
four votes cast for those officers in 1824. Of these 
twenty-three were for Henry Clay and one for John 
Quincy Adams. 

Food was now plentiful Imt grain was so low as 
hardly to pay for carrying it to market, iloncy was 
extremely scarce, and about the only means of obtain- 
ing it was by the sale of the "black salts" made by 
boiling down the ashes obtained in clearing the farms. 
Generally the "salts" were sold to be manufactured 
at Strong's ashery, but sometimes the farmers them- 
selves made them into pearlash. The Stones were 
about the only ones who made their salts into potash. 

When made, the potash or pearlash had to be 
hauled to Cleveland. By this time the main road 
through the township, where the turnpike was after- 
wards made, had been cut out, but the others were 
mere paths through the woods. Even the main road 
was almost impassable through the low ground of 
Middleburg. When men went to Cleveland two gen- 
erally journeyed together so as to help each other 
through the bad places; each having two yoke of cat- 
tle, a sled or wagon, an axe, an augur, several days' 
provisions and a jug of whisky, as if he was starting 
on a camj)aign. Mr. M. E. Stone states that he has 
been four days making the fifteen miles to Cleveland 
and back. Two barrels of jjotash, holding from four 
to five hundred pounds each, were considered a good 
load for two yoke of cattle. It brought at Cleveland 
from four to five dollars per hundred. 

The first store in the townshi}) which occupied a 
separate building was established by Emory Strong 
about 1S24. In 1825 the present framed town-house 
and school-house combined took tlie place of the old 
log building which had previously been used for that 
purpose. 

Dr. Olds was succeeded within a year or two after 
his death by Dr. William Baldwin, who practiced at the 
center ten or twelve years. During this period the 
increase of pojuilation was moderate, there being 
eighty-nine householders in 182G. 

There was plenty of friendliness among the pioneers, 
and newcomers were always cordially wclcomeil. 
When there was a log house to be raised nearly ever}' 
man in the township would be on hand. After work- 
ing all day they would start off at night and travel 
two, three and four miles to their homes, lighted on 
their darksome paths by torches of hickory bark, 
which were found to be just the thing for holding 



524 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF GTJYAHOGA COUNTY. 



flame a long distance. Mr. Stone says a bauclful of 
liickory bark tliree feet long would lash three miles. 

When the people met in the school-house for "even- 
ing meeting," or spelling-school, or singing-school, 
one might see a dozen or more long bunches of hick- 
ory bark, each neatly tied together, leaning against 
the wall. When the exercises were over, each pioneer 
gallant would light his rustic torch and set forth to 
escort his chosen fair one to her home, the flashing 
lights flinging fantastic shadows among the giant 
oaks and elms which shaded the forest pathways. 

The wild beasts still roamed with great freedom 
close to the houses of the settlers, and numerous were 
the fatal shots fired at the deer, not only in their 
forest retreats but even in the edge of the clearings. 
Mr. M. E. Stone speaks of killing thirty or forty in 
a year. Other game afforded still more excitement. 
Late in an afternoon in 1825, a slie-bear and two cubs 
were seen crossing the road about half a mile south of 
the tavern at Strongsville Center. The news quickly 
spread from cabin to cabin, and in a brief time more 
than twenty men and boys were out with rifles, shot- 
guns and occasionally an old revolutionary musket, 
hurrying along on the track of tlie devoted animals, 
while the woods rang with the voices more or less 
melodious of au equal number of dogs, of various 
breeds and sizes. The bears were moving at a leis- 
urely gait, and had only gone a short distance east 
from the road when the sounds of pursuit broke ujion 
their ears. They hastened their movements, but the 
cubs were incapable of rapid traveling, and the old 
bear would not desert her young — and was herself 
given rather to waddling than to racing. 

Just at dark they were overtaken about a mile east 
of the road. Tlie old bear turned at bay and the 
dogs gave back from her savage teeth and Hercu- 
lean paws. But the foremost hunters speedily came 
up, leveled their guns, and in an instant tlie devoted 
mother lay stretched in death. Meanwhile one of the 
cubs had hurried away into the fast darkening forest, 
and the other had climed the most convenient tree. 
The former escaped from its enemies; the latter only 
postponed its fate. The hunters built a fire near the 
tree, and stood guard by turns all night over — or 
rather under — the unfortunate cub. When daylight 
revealed his hiding-place among the branches he too 
was shot, and the citizens around had an opportunity 
of comparing tlie merits of old bear meat and young 
hear meat for several day.s afterwards. 

By 1830, however, the deer and bear were becoming 
scarce. Some lingered for a few years longer, but 
by 1840 there was hardly one to be seen. If one ap- 
peared it was probably a straggler from the low 
grounds of Middleburg, where they stayed till a still 
later date. By 1830, the log houses of the first pio- 
neers had begun to be exchanged for frames, and in 
the course of the next decade the exchanges had gen- 
erally taken place, and tlie township had put on the 
general appearance of a civilized district. 

By 1830 there was a small settlement at tlie loAver 



mill on Rocky river (since known as Albion), but 
there was yet no hotel or store there. Mr. M. E. 
Gallup, who came into town, a boy, in 1833, says that 
at that time Ebenezer Prindle was keeping tavern at 
Strongsville Center. Emory and Warner Strong 
were then selling goods on the corner and old ^Ir. 
Strong about the same time established a store in a 
new brick building. 

Emigration was now brisk, and so was business of 
all kinds. These were the celebrated "flush times," 
when paper moner was issued in unlimited (piantities, 
by irresponsible banks, and everybody appeared to 
expect to get rich in a few months. About 1834 
Benjamin Northrop, commonly called Judge Nor- 
throp came from Albion, New York, located at the 
lower mill and built a carding machine and fulling 
mill there. The people around were anxious to have 
such an establishment in town and readily furnished 
supplies of timber and other material on credit; tak- 
ing their pay afterwards in clotli and work. The set- 
tlement there rapidly increased, Mr. Northrop was 
recognized as the principal man in it, and in honor of 
his former residence he named it Albion. 

Two or three years later Judge Nortlirop built a 
woolen factory in connection with his carding works. 
Albion rapidly increased; several stores and other 
places of business were erected, and the new village 
went entirely ahead of its more staid competitor, 
Strongsville Center. Even the great financial crisis 
of 1837, which brought ruin upon a large majority of 
the business men of the United States, did not stop 
the growth of Albion. When they were short of 
money for small change the "borough," for the place 
was incorporated under that title, issued scrip, signed 
bv Judge Northrop as mayor, which passed current in 
tlie immediate vicinit}-. 

A Baptist church, whieii was at first also used as a 
school-house, was built at Albion as early as 1835. It 
was occupied with more or less regularity until 1871, 
when it was removed to Beiea.* 

An Episcopal church was also organized at Albion, 
and a church edifice erected in 1841. There was like- 
wise a Methodist church in a flourishing condition; of 
these three, the Methodist church alone remains. 

In the forepart of 1843, probably in February, a 
fire occurred in Albion, which not only destroyed a 
large part of the village, but inflicted a blow on its 
prosperity from which it never recovered. Thei'c 
were then six stores, three or four blacksmith shoj)s, 
several other shops and thirty or forty dwellings. 
These were mostly on the main road on the top of 
the hill, while the mills, the factoiy, the distillery, 
etc., were on the creek below. The fire began on the 
flat, and the wind drove it rapidly up tiie hill and 
along the street to the southward, destroying nearly 



♦Elder Freeman preached in it for three or four years before 1847, at 
which time it was moved and repaired. After ISl", the first preacher 
was Rev. Mr. Guernsey, and next the Rev. Mr. Dibble. Rev. Mr. Hubbard 
succeeded and preached until the beginning of the war. Elder Wood 
preached a year or so after Mr. Hubbard and .since then there have 
only been occasional services. 



STRONGSVILLE. 



525 



all tlio business part of the village, aud reiideriug 
fourteen families hoineles.s. 

The decline of the place dated from this time, but 
tiie fire was not immediatel\' fatal. Some liouses 
were rebuilt, and some ])laces of business were re- 
established. The travel still continued brisk along 
the old tiu'npike, and this, of course, made business 
for the taverns and, to some extent, for the stores. 
Tnisk and Tuttle built a tannery in 18-14, which did 
a good business for many years. Mr. H. R. Bradley 
says that when he came in 1849, Albion was still quite 
a prosperous place. Many four-horse and six-horse 
teams traveled the road, drawing big wagons with 
I ires six inches wide, heavily loaded with farm pro- 
duce destined for Cleveland, or with articles from 
tliat place for use in the country. But when the rail- 
road was built through Middleburg in 1851, a large 
part of this travel left the turnpike, and the glory of 
All)ion faded slowly but steadily away. 

Meanwhile Strongsville Center continued on a more 
even tenor. Even while Albion was most prosperous, 
the voting-place for the township continued to be at 
the center, and after the decay of the former village, 
the center still continued to be the common gather- 
ing place for the farmers around, and the trading 
place for those who did not go outside of the town- 
slii]) for that purpose. 

.Judge Northrop sold the woolen factory at Albion 
in 1849, to Dr. St. Clair, and removed to Cleveland. 
I>r. St. Clair ran the factory several years, and sold it 
to Lester Miles, who made a gristmill of it, though 
he still kei)t up the carding works. The mill was 
burned in 18G0. Jlr. ■\Iiles rebuilt it, and operated 
it several years. He was succeeded by Milo Haynes 
who did a large business for a time; but business 
linally dropped away, and now little remains .save the 
frame to tell of the busy times of old. 

When the war for the Union calleil the youth of 
our country to arms, Strongsville i)romptly responded 
Id the cry, and her sons, through four years of con- 
llict with the foe, showed that they, too, could meet 
hardship and danger as readily as had their sires in 
the struggle to subdue the wilderness. Their names 
will be found with their resjjective regiments and 
batteries in the general history of the county. 

During the war the old turnpike, which for thirty 
years had been one of the principal highways of this 
part of the country, was surrendered to the i)ublic by 
its owners, and the gates were permanently removed. 

Since tlie close of the war the career of Strongsville 
has been that of a (|uiet country township, where 
prosiierous farmers, year after year, gather and mar- 
ket the j)roduce of a fertile soil, and where healthful 
breezes invigorate the sturdy inhabitants, but where 
there is known but little of the excitement which agi- 
tates the great centers of business. 

Before passing to our sketches of the existing 
ihurches, we will mention some of the prominent men, 
and members of the various professions, who in their 
youth were residents of Strongsville, and who have 



"graduated," so to speak, from its borders. The 
names of resident representatives in the legislature, 
however, are given in the chapter of the general his- 
tory devoted to the higher otlicers of the county, 
while those of townslii}) officials succeed the sketches 
of the churches. The official and professional gen- 
tlemen formerly of Strongville, are, according to a 
published list, as follows: 

Judges, Walter F. Stone, Benjamin Northrop, 
Perry Bosworth ; physicians, Henry I'arker, Jonathan 
Pope, C. E. Tupper, Albert Southworth, Calvin Pom- 
eroy, John F. Whitney and R. S. Hubbard. To these 
maybe added the resident physicians. After Dr. Bald- 
win, before mentioned, or about the time he left, 
which was near 1830, came Dr. Boswell Ti-ask, who 
staid nearly twenty years, and died in the township. 
Dr. H. L. W. Leonard came somewhat later, and sur- 
vived Trask. He died in Strongsville only a few years 
ago. The present physicians are Dr. Hudson, Dr. 
Berghoff, and Dr. McConnel. Ministers, Thomas W. 
Pope, David Warwick, George A. Stone, D.D., Wm. 
C. Rodgers, Stanley G. Pope, Calvin 0. Freeman, 
Hiram Brooks, Cyrus Colton, Lyman Freeman, I''la- 
vel Brittan, Levi Sabin. 

Lawyers, L. L. Bowen, Sidney Strong, (Jeorge H. 
Foster, Henry E. Foster, Carlos M. Stone, Myron 
Sabin, Erastus F. Miles. 

I'IRST CONGREGATIONAL (NOW PRESBTTEIilAX) 
CHURCH OF STRONGSVILLE. 

This church was organized at Strongsville Center 
on the lOtli day of October, 181 T, Reverend Messrs. 
William Uanford and Luther Humphrey being j)res- 
ent. The first members were Seth Goodwin and De- 
borah, his wife; Ahijah Haynes aud Jerusha, his wife; 
Guilford Whitney and Anna, his wife; HoUis Whit- 
ney and Barincey Hilliard. Guilford Whitney was 
the first deacon, and Ahijah Haynes the .second. 

For two years the church was unable to emjiloy a 
regular minister, or build a church edifice. Services, 
however, were held with <Jreat regularity at the liouses 
of members, sermons being sometimes read bv one of 
the congregation, while at other times traveling min- 
isters, with rude but fervid elo(pience, held forth the 
promises of the gospel to the assembled listeners. 

In 1819 the church, in connection with the town- 
ship, erected a log building at the center, which, as 
before stated, served as school-house, town house and 
church. Six years later a framed building was ereclc d 
which was equally well employed for the thiee pur- 
poses mentioned. On the 12th of January, 1825, the 
Rev. Simon Woodruff was installed as the first set! led 
minister of this church. He served until 1834; the 
church meanwhile steadily increasing with the growth 
of the township. In the last named year Mr. Wood- 
ruff was succeded by the Rev. D. C. Blood, who re- 
mained three years. The Rev. Myron Tracy was in- 
stalled in 1837. 

At this period the church was in a very flourishing 
condition, and had over a hundred members. In 



53fi 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



1842 what has heeu known as the Second Congrega- 
tional, or Free Congregational Church, separated from 
the first clinreli, considerably reducing its member- 
sliip. In 1843 Rev. D. C. Blood was recalled, re- 
Tuaiuiiig until 1S50. He was succeeded by Rev. 
Timothy Williston, and lie. in 1853, by Rev. Elias 
Thompson; though the latter was not formally in- 
stalled until 1854. Mr. Thompson was succeeded in 
ISCO by Rev. Charles S. Adams, who closed his ser- 
vices in 1861. Rev. Harvey Lyon preached for a short 
time after that, though not regularly installed. In 
July, 18G2, Rev. Amzi B. Lyon began his ministerial 
services, which continued until 1804. The next year, 
1805, Rev. A. W. Kuowlton was called to the pastorate, 
which he occupied for twelve years, closing in 1877, 
after the longest term served by any minister for this 
church. He was succeeded by Rev. James W. Tur- 
ner, the present incumbent. 

In 1871 this chui-ch, retaining its ancient creed, 
(which is held in substance by both the Congrega- 
tionalists and Presbyterians), adopted the Presbyte- 
rian form of organization,' and became a member of 
the Presbytery. It is still, however, more commonl}' 
called by its early name, tiie First Congregational 
Church of Strongsville. '. .Ai the time the writer vis- 
ited the township the elders of the church were Abial 
Haynos, U. M. Strong and Lorenzo Strong; the trus- 
tees of the civil organization were Benoui Bartlett, 
William Heazlit, Porter Lyman and Merrick Strong. 

THE FREE COXGBEGATIONAL CHUKCH. 

This cluireh. frequently called the Second Congre- 
gational, was farmed from the First Congregational 
in 1842; its organization being completed outhelOth 
day of July in that year, under the direction of Rev. 
James A. Thorne, a professor at Oberlin College. 
Services were held with varying regularity until 1852. 
During this time the pulpit was fi'equcntly supj)lied 
tem])oiarily by professors or pupils of Oberfin; Rev. 
Uriah T. Chamberlain regularly in 1843 and '44, and 
the Rev. Mr. Moore for two or three years subse- 
(piently. 

On the 28fh of June in that year. Rev. Gideon Dana 
became the pastor. A marked improvement was soon 
manifested in the vitality of the church, and on the 
17th of August following, the corner stone of anew 
brick church edifice was laid at Strongsville Center. 
The work was pushed rapidly forward; the legal or- 
ganization of the society being completed meanwhile 
by recording the necessary papers in the office of the 
county recorder on the 19th of October in that j'ear. 
On the 27th of January, 1853, the newly erected 
ciiiueh was duly dedicated witii appropriate cere- 
monies, l)ut little more than five mouths having been 
occui)ied in its construction. 

Mr. Dana's labors continned until October, 1855. 
In February, 1856, Rev. 0. W. White succeeded to 
the vacant pastorate, which he occupied until the lat- 
ter part of 1862. On the first of January, 1863, Rev. 
William Bacon became the pastor: remaininof until 



1867. He was followed by Rev. Lucius Smith. This 
gentleman preached part of the time at Berea; occu- 
pying the pulpits alternately until 1872. After the 
close of Mr. Bacon's services Messrs. Burr and Miller 
preached occasionally during the remainder of 1872 
and the beginning of 1873. During the latter year 
Rev. C. S. Cady was installed as pastor, continuing 
in that relation until November, 1875. No regular 
minister was employed until January, 1877, when 
Rev. J. W. Turner was installed as pastor of this 
church, as well as of the First Congregational, or 
Presbyterian church. Mr. Turner has served Ijoth 
churches from that time till the present. 

The deacons of the Free Congregational church are 
Isaac I. Gifford and Elijah Lyman: the trustees of 
the society are 1. I. Gifford, E. Lyman and Richard 
Gibbons. 

LIST OF TOWNSHIP OFFICERS.* 

1818. Clerk, Seth Goodwin; trustees David Goodwin, Jno. Dansmore, 
Jas. Nichols; lister, Chipman Porter: appraiser, Thad. Ball; justices of 
the peace, Jas. Nichols, Ahijah Haynes. 

1819. Clerk, Seth Goodwin: trustees, Jno. S. Strong, Jas. Nichols, 
Wm. Fuller: lister, Emory Strong; appraiser, Chipman Porter. 

1830. Clerk, BenJ. B. Olds; trustees, Josiah Carpenter, Eliakim Lyon, 
Henry Wait; lister, Elijah Lyman; appraiser, Jas. Wait. 

1821. Clerk, Emory Strong; lister, Lyman Strong; appraiser, Elijah 
Lyman; justices of the peace, Elijah Lyman, Henry Wait. 

1822. Clerk, Timothy Clark- : trustees, Jas. Smith, E. Bosworth, A. J. 
Pope; treasurer, Guilford Whitney; lister, Guilford Whitney; appraiser, 
Lyman Strong. 

182.3. Clerk, Timothy Clark; trustees, Eliakim Lyon, Joseph Olds, 
Thad. Lathrop; treasurer, Guilford Whitney; lister, Guilford Whitnej-; 
appraiser. Chester Tuttle. 

1824. Clerk, Timothy Clark; trustees, E. Wilkinson. Eliakim Lyon, 
Luke Bowen; treasurer, Guilford Whitney; lister, Philo Millard; ap- 
praiser, H. W. Sabin; justices of the peace, Elijah Lyman, Timothy 
Clark. 

1825. Clerk, Timothy Clark; trustees. E. Wilkinson, Leonard Peabody, 
Jas. Wait; treasurer, Ebenezer Stone; lister, Philo Millard; appraiser, 
Zara P. Howe. 

1828. Clerk, Warner Strong; trustees, E. Wilkinson, Leonard Pea- 
body, Jeduthan Freeman; treasurer, Ebenezer Stone; lister, Philo Mil- 
, lard; appraiser. Zara D. Howe. 

1827. Clerk, Warner Strong; trustees, E. Wilkinson, Jno. Hilliard, 
Curtis Stone; treasurer, Ebenezer Stone; lister, Philo Millard; ap- 
praiser, Zara D. Howe; justices of the peace. Elijah Lyman. Timothy 
Clark. 

1828. Clerk, Timothy Clark: trustees, Asa Drake, Wm. Fuller, Abra" 
ham Conyne; treasurer. Ebenezer Stone: listei', Philo Millard; ap- 
praiser, Zara D. Howe; justice of the peace, Jno. S. Strong. 

1829. Clerk, M. E. Stone; trustees, Ebenezer Stone, Guilford Whilney, 
E. Lyon; treasurer, Curtis Stone. 

IS-TO. Clerk, M. E. Stone; ti-ustees. Ebenezer Stone, Guilford \^■hilney. 
E. Lyon: treasurer, Curtis Stone; justice of the peace, Timothy Clark. 

1R31. Clerk, M. E. Stone; trustees, David Harvey, Jno. Fuller, A. J. 
Pope ; treasurer, Lyman Strong. 

18.'52. Clerk, M. E. Stone; trustees, E. Wilkinson, Harmon Stone, He- 
man Coltrin; treasurer, Ebenezer G. Woodward. 

1833. M. E. Stone; trustees, Jno. Fuller, Richard Wetherbee Jno. 
Pope ; treasurer, Eliakim Lyon ; justices of the peace, Harmon Stone, J. 
Fuller. 

18.34. Clerk, Ebenezer Prindle; trustees, David Harvey, David Fish. 
Jno. Hilliard; treasurer, Lyman Strong. 

ia35. Clerk, M. E. Stone; trustees, Timothy Clark, Ebenezer Pome- 
roy, Thos. Copper; treasurer, Lyman Strong; justice of the peace, Har- 
mon Stone. 

1536. Clerk. M. E. Stone: trustees, Norton Briggs, Asa Drake. Avery 
Sprague; treasurer, Lyman Strong; justice of the peace, Jas. Fuller, 

1537. Clerk, M. E. Stone; trustees, Norton Briggs, Asa Drake, Avery 
Sprague; treasurer, Lyman Strong. 

ISJS. Clerk, Davi 1 Harvey; trustees, Flavel Whi ney, Marcus Moe 
A. Conyne; treasurer, Lyman Strong; justice of the peace, Norton 
Briggs. 

1839. Clerk, David Harvey; trustees, A. Conyne, Flavel Whitney, Asa 
Drake; treasurer, Lyman Strong; justice of the peace, Harmon Stone. 



♦This list is complete so far as it \ 
books. 



be ascertained from the town 




.^-^^ 



(>--2''2^^Z_.<^<^-^ <V 



STKONGSVILLE. 



537 



isto. Clerk, David Harvey; trustees, A. Conyne, Flavel Whitney, 
Philander Pope; treasurer, Lyman Strong. 

ISII. Clerk, David Harvej'; trustees, Philander Pope, AJanson Pome, 
my. Kubeu Haynes; treasurer, Lyman Strong; assessor, Ebenezer 
Merril; justice of the peace, Warner Strong. 

Itiia. Cleric, Ansel J. Pope; trustees, Alanson Pomeroy, Asa Drake, 
Roswell Trask; treasurer, M. E. Stone; assessor, Ebenezer Merril; jus- 
lice of the peace, Myron A Whitney. 

1KW. Clerk, Montraville Stone; trustees, Roswell Trask, Asa Drake, 
Kliakim Lyon; treasurer, M. E. Stone; assessor, Harmon Stone. 

1844. Clerk, Montraville Stone; trustees. Roswell Trask, Asa Drake, 
H. G. Spencer; treasurer, M. E, Sti>ne; assessor, Roswell Trask; justice 
of the peace, Dr. H. L. W. Leonard. 

1H4."). Clerk. Bantord CJilbert; trustees, Eliakim Lyon, Chas. Tupper, 
M. Stone; treasurer, M, E. Stone; assessor, Roswell Trask. 

1S46. Clerk, David Harvey; trustees, Koswell Trask, Abial Haynes, 
Flavel Whitney; treasurer, Warner Strong; assessor, Jno. Watson, 

1847. Clerk, David Harvey; trustees, Abial Haynes, Flavel Whitney, 
Philander Pope; treasurer, Warner Strong; assessor, Roswell Trask; 
Justice of the peace, Alanson Pomeroy. 

I8IS. Clerk. David Harvey; triist'es, Abial Haynes, Flavel Whitney, 
Philaniler Pope; treasurer, Warner Strong; assessor, Augustus P. 
Howe: justice of the peace, Harmon Stone. 

1840. Clerk, Montraville Stone; trustees, Cyrus Parmenter, David 
Heazlit. P Pope; treasurer, M. E. Giallup; assessor, E. Merril. 

I8Sfl. Clerk. M. Stone; trustees. Philander Pope. Alanson Pomeroy, 
Francis Bryant: treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, O. H. Hoyt; justice 
of the peace, Alanson Pomeroy. 

Wil. Clerk, M. Stone; trustees, P. Pope, A. Pomeroy, Francis Bryant; 
treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, O. H. Hoyt; justice of the peace. Dr. 
J. J. St. Clair. 

18.V2. Clerk, M. Stone; trustees, A. Pomeroy, Ahijah Haynes, Chas. 
Ashley; treasurer. Jubal Whitney; assessor. O. H. Hoyt. 

18.1.3. Clerk. M. Stone; trustees, A Pomeroy, Ahijah Haynes, Chas 
Ashley; treasurer, .Tubal Whitney; assessor, O. H. Hoyt; justice of the 
peace, John Miller. 

1K)4. Clerk, M. Stone; trustees, A. Pomeroy. Ahijah Haynes, Chas- 
Ashley; treasurer, Jubal Whitney; assess ir, O. H. Hoyt. 

18.5.'). Clerk, M. E. .Stone; trustees, Caleb Carpenter, D. S. Lyon, Benj. 
Tuttle; treasurer, Warner Strong: assessor, A. P. Howe. 

18.Ti'i. Clerk, M. Stone; trustees, A. Pomeroy, W. H. Ashley, A. T. 
Sandei-son; treasurer, Abial Haynes; assessor, O. H. Hoyt. 

18.7r. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; tnistees. M. E. Stone, Wm. Heazlit, E. H. 
Reeil; treasurer, 51. E. Gallup; assessor. C. T. Rogers. 

18.W. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt: trustees. E. H. Reed, M. Stone. Wm. Heazlit; 
treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, C. T. Rogers; justice of the peace, M. 
Stone. 

18.50. Clerk, Alson H. Pomeroy; trustees M. E. Gallup, M. Stone, 
Jehiel Dunham; treasurer, Milton Gallup; assessor, O. H. Hoyt. 

18(i0. Clerk. Milo S. Haynes; trustees, Abial Haynes, J. Dunham, Wm. 
Heazlit: treasurer. Milton Gallup; assessor, O. H. Hoyt; justice of the 
peace, Lester Miles. 

18«1. Clerk. A. H. Pomeroy; trustees, E. H. Reed. H. S. Dewey, Abi. 
jah Haynes: treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, Lester Miles. 

18«3. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees' H. S. Dewey, D. S. Lyon, R. A. 
Carpenter; treasurer, E. H. Reed; assessor, Edward Haynes. 

18(i:!. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, H. S. Dewey, D. S. L.\on. R. A, 
Carpenter; treasurer, E. H. Reed; assessor, Edward Haynes; juslice of 
the peace, Lester Miles. 

18B4. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, W. H. Ashley, A. T. Sanderson, G. 
W. Dunn; treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, Milion Gallup; justice of 
the peace, M. Stone. 

18(15. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, R. A. Carpenter. W. H. Ashley, W. 
II. Strong: treasurer, E. H. Reed; a.ssessor, M. S. Haynes. 

1866. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, W. H. Ashley, G. B. Strong, Jubal 
Whitney: treasurer, E. H. Reed: assessor, E. H. Wing: justice of the 
peace, Lester Miles. 

1807. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, D. K. Drake, Wm. Heazlit, R. A. 
Carpentei ; treasurer, E. H. Reed; assessor, M. S. Haynes; justice of 
the peace, M. Stone. 

1868. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, Hazen Lathrop, Wm Heazlit, R. 
A. Carpenter; treasuqer, E. H. Reed; assessor, Henry P. Miles. 

imtt. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, Hazen Lathrop, Wm. Heazlit, S. 
T. Gibson; assessor, M. S. Haynes; trea.surer, E. H. Reed; justices of the 
peace, Lester Miles, R. A. Carpenter. 

1870. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt: trustees, Edward Clement, Wm. Heazlit, S. 
T. Gibson; treasurer, E. U. Reed; assessor, D. K. Drake. 

1871. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, D. M. Strong, M. Gallup, E. Cle- 
ment: treasurer, M. E. Gallup: assessor, D. K. Drake. 

187S. Clerk, O. H, Hoyt; trustees, D. M. Strong, O. D. Pomeroy, E. 
Clement; treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, D. K. Drake; justice of the 
peace, Lester Miles. 

1873. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, D. M. Strong, O. D. Pomeroy, E 
Clement; treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, D. K. Drake; justice of the 
peace, D. K. Drake, 

1874. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, D. M. Strong, O. D. Pomeroy, E. 
Cleme.it; treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, D. K. Drake. 



1875. Clerk, O. H. Ho3^; trustees, D. M. Strong, O. D. Pomeroy, Jas. 
Preston; treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, D. K. Drake: justices of the 
peace, F. J. Bartletl. D. K. Drake. 

1H70. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt: trustees, D. M. Strong, O. D. Pomeroy, .las. 
Preston: treasurer, M. E. Gallup; a.ssessor, D. K. Drake; justice of the 
peace, David E. Hier. 

1877, Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, O. D. Pomeroy, Lorenzo Strong, 
Henry M. Whitney; treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, O. H. Hoyt. 

1878. Clerk, O. H. Hoyt; trustees, O. D. Pomeroy, H. M. Whitney, E. 
H. Reed; treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, O. H. Hoyt; justices of the 
peace, F. J. B:irtlett, Henry W. Merrick. 

187!). Trustees, O. I). Pomeroy, E. H. Reed, William Richards; clerk. 
M. S. Haynes; treasurer, M. E. Gallup; assessor, B. B. Heazlit. 



ALANSON POMEROY. 

I'lio hito Alanson Pomeroy whose iKiino is held in 
high esteem by tlie people of SlrongsviUc, was horn 
in Northampton, Massachusetts, February iO, 18()5. 
He was tiic son of Ebenezer and Violaty (Thayer) 
Pomeroy, and was the fifth of a family of eight 
children, consisting of five sons and three daughters. 
Ebenezer Pomeroy left Northampton about the year 
1817, and removed to Onondaga county. New York, 
where he remained five years. He then pushed for- 
ward to what was considered the " Far West," and in 
1822 settled in Strongsville, where he spent the re- 
mainder of his life. He was accidentally killed in 
August, 1835, by falling from a wagon. 

The subject of this memoir remained in the pater- 
nal home until the death of his father. His advan- 
tages for schooling were quite limited, but he pos- 
sessed an active mind with a faculty for picking up 
scraps of knowledge in his daily life, and thus learned 
many practic:il lessons which were never forgotten. 
The first years of his residence in Strongsville were 
spent in hel[)ing to clear up his father's farm, and to 
make it a comfortable home. In addition to his farm- 
ing he after a while engaged in the mercantile busi- 
ness at Strongsville Center, in partnership with Mr. 
Benjamin Northrup, and subsequently with ifr. 
Whitney. Beginning with nothing but his own in- 
dustry, skill and integrity, by dint of pe:.sevcr:iiice 
and good management he gradually acquired a con- 
siderable pro])erty. In 1870 bis health becoming 
very poor, lie retired from active business. He, how- 
ever, received no permanent benefit from so doing, 
and died in the seventy-second year of his age, on the 
4th day of January, 1S77, after a painful and lingering 
illness. 

In all local affairs Mr. Pomeroy took an tictive and 
prominent part. For many years he held the office 
of justice of tlie peace. He also was one of tlie in- 
corporators of the First National Bank of Berea, 
which he assisted in organizing, and of wliiihlie was 
a director until his decease. 

He was a member of tlie Congregational Church of 
Strongsville, and his circumstances enabled him to 
take the lead in supporting it. He also contributed 
liberally to the American .Missionary Associ:itioii, the 
Western Book and Tract Society and other Chiistian 
organizations. He increa.'sed materially the funds of 
Western Reserve College, of Baldwin University, and 



528 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



of Berea College, Keatucky, and gave several thou- 
sand dollars to Oberlin. 

Mr. Pomeroy's acquaintance in business circles was 
quite extensive in different sections of the State 
where he had capital invested. He was particularly 
noted for his sterling integrity and business tact. 
What he performed was always thorouglily done. He 
was very tenacious of liis reputation for fidelity to 
engagements of all kinds, suffering nothing to deter 
him from keeping an appointment or agreement. 
He was a strong believer in the duty and dignity of 
labor. With the industrious poor he always sym- 
jiathized; often helping them out of pecuniary dif- 
ficulties. Every branch of what he considered true 
reform drew forth liis active and hearty support. He 
possessed a warm heart and generous dispostion, but 
was reserved and shrank from public notoriety. He 
was very careful not to wound the feelings of any one, 
and his counsel and advice was souglit for by many. 
The news of liis death was received with sensations of 
))rofound sorrow, and his loss will long be felt in the 
community in which he had resided over half a 
century. 

Mr. Pomeroy was married on the 9th day of Janu- 
ary, 1831, to Miss Kezia Pope, duugliter of Jonathan 
and Kezia Pope, of Strongsville. Mrs. Pomeroy was 
l)orn in 1809, and is still living in Strongsville, sur- 
rounded by an affectionate family and esteemed by all 
who know her. 

Mr. and Mrs. Pomeroy had nine cliildron: The two 
eldest, Hollish L. , born November 20, 1832. and 
Lorency, born April 10, 1S34, died in infancy; A. 
H., born March 7, 1836, is cashier of the First 
National Bank of Berea; Orlando D., born January 
7, 1830, resides near Strongsville, engaged in farming; 
Elizabeth C, born November 39, 1840, is the wife of 
Henry K. Day, of Elyria, Ohio; Vienna, born July 3, 
184.3, is the wife of C. W. D. Miller, of Berea; Hollis 
C, born March 13, 1846, died in infancy; PerlinaM., 
born August 19, 1849, married W. W. Smith, of 
Strongsville; Harlan, born June 27, 1853, now at 
home, is a graduate of the Cleveland Homoepatliic 
College. 



CHAPTER LXXXVII. 

■WARRENSVIIjLB. 

Boundaries. Soil etc.— Attempt at Settlements — Prevented by an Acci- 
dent — Daniel Warren— Naming the Township— First Death and Birth 
—James Prentiss— .\sa Stiles— Jacob Russell— Peleg Brown— Benja. 
min Sharp — Josiah Abbott — Enoch Gleason— Jedediah Hubbell— Ansel 
Young— J. E. Adams— Householders in 1829— Civil Organization- 
First Officers— List of Officers— Items from Township Book— Town 
Hall— Roads and Railroads— Randall— Warrensville Center— Manufac- 
tures— Public SL-hools- The United Society of Believers— Its Origin- 
Names of Earlj- Members— Present Situaiion— Protestant Methodist 
Church — Disciple Church— The Free Church — The Methodist Episco- 
pal Church. 

This townshii) is situated southeast from Cleve- 
land, and was designated in the survey of the Western 
lleserve as township seven in range eleven. It is 



bounded on the north by the townships of East Cleve- 
land and Euclid; on the east by Orange; on the south 
by Bedford, and on the west by Nevvburg and East 
Cleveland. The surface is level, and the entire area 
may be cultivated. It was originally covered with a 
flue growth of timber, but the greater part has been 
removed and the township has been cut up into small 
farms, but few exceeding eighty acres in extent. The 
soil varies from a stiff clay to a light loam, and is 
generally productive. In some localities its fertility 
is increased liy artificial drainage, but usually the 
country is sufficientl}' undulating to carry off the sur- 
face water. The streams are but small brooks, and 
the water power is very limited. 

PIONEEH SETTLERS. 

The first attempt to settle the township was made 
in June, 1807, by Horace Burroughs, Rodolph Cat- 
tern, Jacob Cattcrn and another whose name is not 
remembered. They came with the intention of 
locating near the center. While on their way thither 
they treed a bear which they determined to kill. 
Having chopped the tree nearly off, they left Jacob 
Cattern to deliver the finishing blows while they went 
in the direction in which it would fall so that they 
could 1:111 the bear when the tree should reach the 
ground. The tree fell and the bear was killed. They 
then called Jacob, but received no response, and on 
running to the butt of the tree they found him lying 
there, dead. He had been killed by a limb struck 
off from a neighboring tree. This sad accident 
caused the comrades of the deceased to return home 
and abandon the enterprise. 

The first actual settlement was made by Daniel 
Warren. He came from New Hampshire to Paines- 
ville in the fall of 1808.' He was very poor, his 
household effects consisting of only the most common 
articles. A barrel set on end with tlie end-board of 
the wagon laid on top served as a table. Nearly all 
the cooking and baking was done in a five-quart iron 
kettle. In the fall of 1809 he removed to Newburg, 
and soon after began building a cabin in Warrens- 
ville, two and a half miles away. It was finished 
without the use of a nail. To this he moved his fam- 
ily on the 4th day of January, 1810, in the following 
manner, as related by Mr. Warren himself: 

" I procured a horse on which Mrs. Warren with 
her babe, about three weeks old, rode; my two-year- 
old boy I carried on my back, and my neighbor Pivn- 
tiss carried our few 'traps' in an ox-te-am; and in this 
way we arrived safe, two and a half miles from any 
other house. Mrs. Warren remarked: 'We left N^ew 
Hampshire to go into the wilderness, and I guess we 
have made it out now.' The fii*st run of sledding 
after this, our friends from Newburg and Cleveland 
(everybody was a friend in those days) came out to 
the number of fifty to give us a house-warming, and 
although they crowded the cabin, a jollier set never 
graced a palace. Inasmucli as Mrs. Warren was the 
first woman in the township the comjiany gave her 



WARRENSVILLE. 



529 



the privilege of naming it, and she proposed Warrens- 
ville, which was adopted by acclamation. It was 
past midnight when the party started to return home, 
after having spent a most enjoyable evening." 

Jlrs. Warren was a true pioneer woman. She 
would often remain alone several days with her young 
family while her husband was away following his 
trade as a brickmaker, and once, when returning 
from Newburg, was followed by a pack of howling 
wolves, from which she had a narrow escape. Bears, 
too, sometimes came quite near the cabin, but Mrs. 
Warren was never much alarmed even by such un- 
ple;isant neighbors. She resided in the township un- 
til her death, October, 1869. Daniel Warren died in 
18G2. 

The infant child spoken of died in 1811, this being 
the first death in the township. In their family, also, 
occurred the first birth in Warreusville, that of a sou 
born December 2G, 1813, who was named William H. 
Warren, and who yet resides on lot fifty-three near 
tlic place of his birth. The other sons of Daniel 
Warren were named Iliram V., Moses N., James M. 
and Othello. The daughters were Paulina and Julia 
C. In 1815 Moses Warren, the father of Daniel, 
came to live in the township, settling on lot fifty- 
four. His sons, besides Daniel, were William and 
>[osos. The latter is yet a resident of East Cleve- 
land. 

James Prentiss, a Revolutionary soldier, and the 
father-in-law of Daniel Warren, settled on lot thirty- 
two some time after 1810, residing there until his 
death in 1817. A daughter (Betsey) died in 1813, 
this being the first death of an adult in the township. 
He had sons named Robert, James, Samuel M. and 
Cyrus. The latter removed to Ravenna, where he be- 
came the first president of the Cleveland and Pitts- 
burg Railroad. 

Asa Stiles came to the Warren neighborhood from 
New York about 1813. He had three sons named 
Amos, Ilirani and Wilbur. About the same time 
Jacob Russell, also a New Yorker, settled on lot 
twenty-three, where lie died in 1834, aged seventy- 
five years. He had a large family, tiie sons being 
Ralph, Rodney, Elijah, Elisha and Return. Almost 
all of the family became Shakers, among whom some 
of them yet reside. A little later Peleg Brown set- 
tled on lot sixty-three, where he lived until his re- 
moval to Indiana in 1837. About tlic same time Fred. 
G. Williams became a resident of lot forty-one, where 
hu lived until he joined the Mormons and moved with 
them to tlie AVest. 

Benjamin Thorp came about 1813 and settled on 
lot si.xty-two. In 1838 he moved to Michigan. His 
brother-in-law, William Sickel, settled on the same 
lot about the same time, where he followed his trade 
as a shoemaker until his death, about 1836. 

On lot fifty-four Josiah Abbott lived before 1816 
until his removal to Missouri several years later; 
Abraham S. Honey and Chester Risley cast their for- 
tunes in the same locality about 1815, and becoming 



interested in the Shaker movement, joined the North 
Union Community. About the same time Caleb 
Baldwin settled on lot forty-eight, where he lived un- 
til he was led otf by the Mormons. Somewhat later 
came Enoch Gleason, from Berkshire, Massachusetts, 
and located on lot sixty-seven. He had seven sons 
named Milo, Ariel, Ephraim, Almon, Enoch, Perry 
and Loren. The Baldwins and the Gleasons were the 
only families that lived east of thecenter before 1820. 

Jedediah Hubbell came in 1815, or earlier, and 
made slight improvements on lot seventy-one. He 
moved away after a few years, but in 1822 returned, 
and was a citizen of the township many years. He 
had a large family, all but one being now dead. 
Ansel Young was an early settler on lot forty-two; 
Gabriel Culver on lot eighty-three; Reuben and Beck- 
with Cook, on lot seventy-four; Aruna R. Baldwin 
on lot thirteen; Moses Higby on lot one hundred and 
five; and Nehemiah Hand on lot twenty-five. Most 
of these did not remain long in the townshij), but re- 
moved to points farther west. 

In 1819 John and Luther R. Prentiss came from 
New Hampshire with a one-horse team, the journev 
occuiiying twenty-eight days. John settled on lot 
thirty-eight, but in 1834 removed from the townshiji. 
Luther R., when he began life for himself on lot 
sixty-three, had nothing (aside from one outfit of 
wearing apparel,) but an extra pair of shoes and a 
razor. He persevered, however, until he became the 
owner of seventy acres of land. He is yet a resident 
of the township, living near the center. Of a familv 
of six children three remain in Warrensville. 

Before 1819 came James Johnson, Salmon Buell, 
David Benjamin, Moor Bell and Abel Shepard. 
Bazaleel and Warren Thorp came after 1820 and set- 
tled in the eastern part of the township, where mem- 
bers of the family yet reside. About 1826 Col. Jolin 
E. Adams settled on lot fifty-one, on the Stark 
Edwards place, where he built the first and only 
stone house in the township. 

In 1829 the householders of Warrensville were J. 
E. Adams, Wm. Addison, Peleg Brown, Gabriel 
Culver, Sylvester Carber, David Benjamin, Jedediah 
Hubbell, Appleton Collister, James Johnson, Orrin 
J. Hubbell, Thomas Kneale, Asa Stiles, Abel SJiep- 
ard, Daniel S. Tyler, Benj. Thorp, Daniel Warren, 
Moses Warren, Moses Warren, Jr., Wm. Kellcy, 
Isaac Cooper, Return Russell, Salmon Bucll, Benja- 
min Sawyer, Elisha Russell, Andrew Barber, John 
Woodruff, Ra]i)h Russell, Moor Bell, Enocli Gleason, 
Ebenczer Russell, Beckwith Cook, Ei)hraim (Heason, 
X. C. Hains, Nehemiah Hand, James Lee, Daniel 
Pillsbury, Job Hand, Thomas Radcliff, Lyman Wight, 
Oliver Ransom Caleb Baldwin, F. L. Burnett, Jo- 
seph Clyne, Nathan Goodspeed, Ansel Jenny, Wm. 
Fairchild, Dayton Thorp, Isaac Lassler, Jefferson 
Wallace, Bazaleel Thorp, Andrew Wilson, Wm. 
Watterson, Warner Thorp, Thomas Collister, John 
Kelly, Wm. Cain, Thomas Cain, George Kent, Wm. 
Kerruish and probably a few others. After this 



530 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



period the immigration was so great that no further 
account can be given of individual settlers. 

CIVIL ORGANIZATION. 

Agreebly to an order of the court of common pleas 
of Cuyahoga county, the legal voters of the township 
of Warrensville assembled at the house of Josiah Ab- 
bott, November 7, 1816, to elect officers to serve un- 
til the annual election, in April, 1817. Daniel 
Warren was elected chairman, and James Prentiss, 
Feleg Brown and Wm. Sickel were chosen judges of 
election. The following officers were then elected: 
James Prentiss, Peleg Brown, Wm. Sickel, trustees; 

F. G. Williams, clerk; Josiah Abbott, treasurer; 
Robert Prentiss, constable; Moses Warren, Robert 
Prentiss, poor masters; Benjamin Thorp, Abraham 
S. Honey, fence viewers. 

Daniel Warren was elected justice of the peace and 
received his commission January 6, 1817. Besides 
the above named the voters at this election were 
James Johnson and Humphrey Nichols— thirteen in 
all. Since 1816 the principal officers have been the 
following: 

1817. Trustees, James Prentiss, Peleg Brown, Wm. Sickel; clerk, F. 

G. Williams; treasurer, Caleb Baldwin. 

1818. Trustees, Gabriel Culver, Daniel R. Smith, Robert Prentiss; 
clerk, F. G. Williams; treasurer, Caleb Baldwin. 

1819. Trustees, Ralph Russell, Daniel R. Smith, Caleb Baldwin; clerk, 
Ansel Yonng; treasurer, Daniel R. Smith. 

1820. Trustees, Caleb Litch, Asa Stiles, Caleb Alvord; clerk, Ansel 
Young; treasurer, Edmund MoUet; 

18-Jl. Trustees, Josiah Abbott, David Benjamin, Enoch Gleason; 
clerk, Ansel Young; treasurer, Chester Risley. 

1822. Trustees, Robert Prentiss, Gabriel Culver, Solomon Buel; clerk, 
F. G. WiUiams; treasurer, Beckwith Cook. 

1823. Trustees, Robert Prentiss, Enoch Gleason, David Benjamin; 
clerk, Martin Clark; treasurer, John Prentiss. 

1834. Trustees, Jedediah Hubbell, John Prentiss, Milo Gleason; clerk, 
Almon Kingsbury; treasurer, Salmon Buel. 

IfSS. Trustees, Orrm J. Hubbell, Caleb Baldwin, Milo Gleason; clerk, 
P. ).. Brown; treasurer, Sylvester Carber. 

18^6. Trustees, Orrin J. Hubbell, Caleb Baldwin, Moses Warren; 
clerk, P. L. Brown ; treasurer, Enoch Gleason. 

182T. Trustees, Enoch Gleason, Daniel Warren, Asa Stiles: clerk, 
Orrin J. Hubbell ; treasurer, Peleg Brown . 

1828. Trustees, Enoch Gleason. Daniel WaiTen, Beckwith Cook ; clerk, 
Orrin J. Hubbell; treasurer, Asa Stiles. 

1829. Trustees, Enoch Gleason, Nathaniel Goodspeed, David Benja- 
min; clerk, Orrin J. Hubbell; treasurer, Daniel Pillsbury. 

1830. Trustees, Enoch Gleason, Gabriel Culver, Andrew Wilson; 
clerk, Orrin J. Hubbell; treasurer, Moses Warren. 

1831. Trustees, Enoch Gleason, Jedediah Hubbell, Horace Hamilton ; 
clerk, Orrin J. Hubbell; treasurer, Jloses Warren. 

I8;i2. Trustees, Milo Gleason, John WoodrutT, Horace Hamilton; 
clerk, Orrin J. Hubbell ; treasurer, Moses Warren. 

1833. Trustees, Orrin J. Hubbell, Moses Warren, Jr., Samuel M. Pren- 
tiss; clerk, Luther R. Prentiss; treasurer, Milo Gleason. 

1834. Trustees, Gabriel Culver, Bazaleel Thorp, Solyman Hubbell; 
clerk. Luther R. Prentiss; treasurer, Orrin J. Hubbell. 

1835. Trustees, Milo Gleason, Bezaleel Thorp, Nathaniel Lyon; clerk 
Wm, H. Cole; treasurer, Asa Upson. 

1836. Trustees, Luther R. Prentiss, Elijah W. Bronson. Frederick 
Sillsby; clerk, Parker Boynton; treasurer, Asa Upson. 

1837. Trustees, Amos Birchard, Milo Gleason, Moses Warren; clerk, 
Orrin J. Hubbell; treasurer, Wm. H. Cole. 

1838. Warren Thorp, Milo Gleason, Andrew Wilson; clerk, Orrin J. 
Hubbell; treasurer, Wm. H. Cole, 

1839. Trustees, W^arren Thorp, Asa Upson, Amos Birchard; clerk, 
Milo Gleason, treasurer, Wm. H. Cole. 

1840. Moses Warren, Jr., Andrew Wilson, John G. Proper; clerk, 
Luther R. Prentiss; Elijah W. Bronson. 

1841. Trustees, Moses Warren, Jr., Everett HoUey, John G. Proper; 
clerk, Luther R. Prentiss; treasurer, David Birchard. 

1812. Trustees, Erastus Smith, Oliver Ransou, Pliny S. Conkey; clerk, 
Milo Gleason; treasurer, Amos Birchard. 



1S13. Trustees, Linus Clark, Albert Kingsbury, PUny S. Conkey; 
clerk, Milo Gleason; treasurer, Truman Eggleston. 

1844. Trustees, Otis Lyon, Russell Frizzell, Henry Wetherby; clerk, 
Albert Kingsburj'; treasurer, Truman Eggleston. 

1845. Trustees, Thomas Cain, John Hewett, Russell Frizzell; clerk, 
Luther R. Prentiss; treasurer, W'm. H. Cole. 

1846. Trustees, Thomas Cain, John Hewitt, James Clapp; clerk, 
Luther R. Prentiss; treasurer. Wm. H. Cole. 

1847. Trustees, Linus Clark, John Hewitt, James Clapp; clerk, 
Luther R. Prentiss; treasurer, Wm. H. Warren. 

1848. Trustees, Nathan Lyon, Henry Gleason, James Clapp; clerk, 
Wm. H. Warren ; treasurer, Oliver Ranson. 

1849. Trustees, Nathan Lyon, Henry Gleason, Wm. Bowler; clerk, 
Wm. H. Cole; treasurer, Oliver Ranson. 

18.50. Trustees, Henry Wetherby, Russell Frizzell, James Clapp; clerk, 
Wm. H. Cole; treasurer, Oliver Ranson. 

1851. Trustees, Linus Clark, Russell Frizzell, Moses W'arren, Jr.; 
clerk. Wm. H. Warren; treasurer, Asa Upson. 

1852. Trustees, Linus Clark, Russell Frizzell, JohnT. RadclifE; clerk, 
Wm. H. Warren ; treasurer, Asa Upson. 

1853. Trustees, Asahel Lewis, Russell Frizzell. John T. Radcliff; 
clerk, ^Vm. H. W'arren; treasurer. Hart Taylor. 

1854. Trustees, Moses Warren, Wm. H. Cole, John T. Radcliff; clerk, 
Luther R. Prentiss; treasurer. Hart Taylor. 

1855. Trustees, Russell Frizzell, Andrew Wilson, Henry Gleason : clerk, 
Luther R. Prentiss; treasurer. Hart Taylor. 

1856. Trustees, Russell Frizzell, Andrew Wilson, Henry Gleason; 
clerk, Linus Clark; treasurer. Hart Taylor. 

1857. Trustees, Gad E.Johnson, Henry Wetherby, Everett Holley; 
clerk. W. S. Cannon ; treasurer, Milo Gleason. 

1858. Trustees, Gad E. Johnson, Moses Warren, Everett Holley ; clerk, 
Solyman Hubbell; treasurer. Hart Taylor. 

1859. Trustees. James K. Quayle, Andrew Wilson, Asahel Lewis; 
clerk, Solyman Hubbell; treasurer, Hart Tayler. 

1860. Trustees, James K. Quayle, Moses Warren, H. N. Clark; clerk, 
Milo Gleason ; treasurer. Hart Taylor. 

1861. Trustees, James Clapp, Moses Warren, H. Wetherby; clerk, E. 
Holley; treasurer, J. T. Radcliff. 

1862. Trustees, B. F. Eddy, Robert Smith, H. Wetherby; clerk, Wm. 
H. Warren; John M. Burke. 

1863. Trustees, Otis Farrar, Robert Smith, James K. Quayle; clerk, 
Wm. H. W^arren; treasurer, J. T. Radcliff. 

1864. Trustees, Otis Farrar, John Radcliff, Jr., James K. Quayle; 
clerk, Wm. Taylor; treasurer, J. T. Radcliff. 

1865. Trustees, John Radchff. Jr., Otis Farrar, A. S. Kingsbury; clerk, 
J. M. Burke; treasurer, O. B. Judd; 

1866. Trustees, John Radcliff, Jr., Robert Drake, H. N. Clark; clerk, 
Hammond Clapp; treasurer, O. B. Judd. 

1867. Trustees, John Radcliff. Jr., Wm. H. Warren, D. L. Wightman; 
clerk. Edwin Taylor; treasurer, O. B. Judd; 

1868 Trustees, J. P. Thorp, Wm. H. Warren, John Radcliff, Jr. ; 
clerk, W. W. Blair; treasurer, G. E. Johnson. 

1869. Trustees, J. P. Thorp, Wm. H. Warren, John Radcliff, Jr.; 
treasurer, W. W. Blair; treasurer, G. E. Johnson. 

1870. Trustees, L. R. Prentiss, John Caley, G. W. Harland; clerk, W. 
W. Blair; treasurer, Milo Gleason. 

1871. Trustees, Elermie Earle, T. Nelson, G. W. Harland ; clerk, W. 
W. Blair; treasurer, Milo Gleason. 

1872. Trustees, Elermie Earle, T. Nelson, G. W. Harland; clerk, W. 
W. Blair; treasurer, Milo Gleason. 

1873. Trustees, A. S. Cannon, J. Leppert, Jr., R. Walkden; clerk, W. 
W. Blair; treasurer, D. P. Badger. 

1874. Treasurer. A. S. Cannon, E. Earle, R. Walkden; clerk, W. W. 
Blair; treasurer, D. P. Badger. 

1875. Trustees, Thomas Harland, E. Earle, A. J. Conkey; clerk, W. 
W. Blair; treasurer, John Shirringer. 

1876. Trustees, A. S. Cannon, Robert Walkden, A. J. Conkey; clerk, 
W. W. Smith; treasurer, John Shirringer; 

1877. Trustees, John C. Teare, John Radcliff, Jr., W. W. Smith; clerk, 
H. V. Hammond; treasurer, _D. Nowack. 

1878. Trustees, John C. Teare, John Caley, W. W. Smith; clerk, H. 
V. Hammond; treasurer, David Wade. 

1879. Trustees, Sebastian Fieg, John Caley, James Smith; clerk, H. 
V. Hammond; Treasurer, David Wade. 

The justices of the^i>eace in 1879 were William S. 
Corlett and Wm. H. Sanders. At the spring election 
in 1879 the voters numbered two hundred and sixty- 



In 1819 the total tax of Warrensville was §13.50, of 
whicli eighty cents could not be collected. In 1821, 
after Orange was organized, the tax was only $6.05, 
which was disbursed as follows: 



WARRENS VILLE. 



531 



Paid RunaR. Baldwin, constable i 54 

" Ansdl Young, township clerk 1 18 

" Asa Stiles, trustee 1 55 

" Khenezer Russell, trustee 100 

" Josiah Abbott, trustee ICO 

*' (Jeorge Cannon, collector GO 

•' (.'hester Risley, treasurer 18 

It is probable tliat in the above audit tlie treasurer 
was jillowed all the funds left ou hand, wliicli certain- 
ly did not remunerate him extravagantly. 

In 1828 the township gave John Adams tiiirty two 
votes for President of the United States, and Andrew 
.Jackson fifteen votes for the same office. 

The township owns a fine brick hall at the center, 
anil several cemeteries, conveniently located in the 
most populous neighborhoods. In IST-t a large and 
substantial vault for burial purposes was constructed 
at the e.\;i)ense of tlie township, a little north of 
Warrensville Center. 

ROADS AND UAILROAD.S. 

In 1817 the township was divided into four road 
districts, with the following supervisors: Moses War- 
ren, Robert Prentiss, Benjamin Thorp and Syrenus 
Burnett. About this time the first road (the one run- 
ning tiirongh the center east and west,) was partially 
opened, and other roads underbrushed. Sometime 
about 1850 the former was graded and planked, but 
the company allowed it to go down after the first 
jilanks had decayed. It was used as a pul)lic road 
until ISTO, when the Cleveland and Warrensville 
plank road company put down five miles of planks, 
from the city limits to a point three-fourths of a mile 
cast of the center. The road running from the center 
south was also formerly planked, as well as the road 
from Randall, northwest to Newburg; but they have 
long since been used as common highways. Most of 
the public roads have been well graded, and are gen- 
erally in a fair condition. In 1879 the supervisors 
were Uenry Lyon, Edward Cacher, Charles Brathlott, 
George Leigh, John Doitch, Herbert Conkey, Peter 
Fehr. William Cowley, James Radclitf, Frederick 
Schnedker, Robert Trendall, Edward Moore, Frank 
A'gier, Frederick Fciir and Ifoberi Walkden. 

Tiie Cleveland and Mahoning and the Atlantic and 
Great Western raidroads pass through the southwest- 
ern part of the township. They use one road lied but 
have tracks of different gauges. 

RAN'DALI, STATION. 

A jiart of the road forms a heavy grade and the 
Randall station, in consetpience, is half a mile ea«t of 
that hamlet, and just over the Bedford township line. 
There are but a few buildings at the station and only 
about twenty houses at the ban t of Randall. The 
point was first known as Plank Road Station, but in 
18G8 a post office was established here which was 
named after Alexander W. Randall, at that time i)ost- 
master-general, and the locality lok the same appel- 
lation. Nelson Beckwith was the first postmaster, 
but in 1870 he was succeeded by Jlr. Cliarles Gross- 
meyer, who yet holds the office. It has a daily mail. 



About 1848 George Lathrop put up a tavern at this 
place which became widely known at the Plank Road 
House. He was succeeded by Otis Farrar and others, 
the hotel since 1872 having been kept by Charles 
Grossmeyer. A second public house was here put up 
by Cliarles Nickerson, which was called the " Blue 
Tavern," and is still carried on. A few goods have 
also been sold at these places. 

WARREN.SVILLE CENTER. 

This was fortnei'ly a place of more importance than 
at present. It contains a Methodist church, the town 
hall, a fine school-building and eight or ten houses. 
About 1844 Dwyer Sherman put up the present tav- 
ern, which has been kept by Nickerson, Teed, Kings- 
bury, McKee, Birchard and many others. Another 
hotel directly ojiposite was destroyed by fire. One 
and a half miles west on the plank road a fine country 
hotel was opened in October, 1877, by A. A. Gillette 
and is yet conducted by him. 

Parker Boynton had the first store in the jihice, 
selling his stand to E. W. Brunson. Birchard & 
Brewer, John M. Burke, Wm. H. Warren and others 
have also been in trade there. At present I). Nowack 
has a small store and is postmaster of an office which 
has a tri-weekly mail from Chagrin Falls. Milo 
Gleason was the first postmaster, keeping the office 
at his residence. His successors are Amos Birchard, 
John McKce, Chester Button, John M. Burke, W. H. 
Warren, Edwin Taylor, and the present incumbent. 

THE MANUFACTLRING INTERESTS 

of the township have been few and limited to the 
common kinds. Many years ago a steam sawmill was 
put up a little west of the center by Wm. R. 'J'rues- 
dell, which was subse<|uently moved to its present 
site where it is operated by T. J. Hadcliff. It is also 
supplied with a run of stones for grinding feed and 
has machinery for making cider. On Mill Brook two 
sawmills were formerly operated by men respectively 
named Palmer and Flick. To Palmer's mill steam- 
power was suljsequently supplied but both establish- 
ments have long since been discontinued. 

The first sawmill in the township was on Shaker 
Brook and was put up by Ezra Smith, about 1820, or 
later. A gristmill was put in operation at a subse- 
quent period and in 1829 the Shakers built a new 
gristmill, having two overshot wheels and two runs 
of stone. In a few years they also had a linseed oil 
mill. A better sawmill was built by them in 1830, 
and some time after 18.")0 they erected a good brick 
building for a woolen factory, which was o))erated 
until about ten years ago. The society also had an 
establishment for the manufacture of wooden ware, a 
tannery and other small works; but with tlie excep- 
tion of their mills and broom factories no manufac- 
turing is at present carried on liy it. The principal 
industry of the Shakers as well as of the peojile of 
the township are the ordinary agricultural pursuits; 
but latelv a nunilier of small vinevards have been 



533 



THE TOWNSHIPS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



planted, and some attention is paid to small fruit 
cultui-e. 

THE PUBLIC SCHOOLS. 

The first school-house in the townshij-) was put up 
on the site of Gillette's hotel about 1815. It was 
built of rough, round logs, with a stick chimney 
backed with stones and capable of burning logs from 
four to eight feet long. William Addison was the 
first teacher; and other early teachers were Ansel 
Young and Aziel Aldrich. The pupils were from the 
Eussell, Honey, Warren and Prentiss families. 

In 1830 there were four districts in the township; 
at present there are eight, each I'eceiving an equal 
portion of the funds raised for school purposes. In 
1878 this amounted to $"2, 779. 64, the greater part of 
which was paid for tuition. In 1875, two hundred 
and thirty-four male and two hundred and twenty-one 
female persons of school age were reported in the 
township, of which nine were colored. Warrensville 
has an excellent class of school-houses, of shapely 
proportions and built of brick. The one at tjio cen- 
ter is two stories high and was completed in 1878, at 
a cost of 13,400. The board of education in 1879 
was composed of the following: District No. 1, Ja- 
cob Steuer; No. 3, J. G. Gleason, (president); No. 4, 
Tliomas Nelson; No. 5, Robert Carran; No. 6, Seth 
Kuowles; No. 7, Robert Drake; No. 8, James N. 
Smith; No. 9, Lafayette Conkey; V. D. Hammond, 
clerk. 

THE UNITED SOCIETY OF BELIEVEKS. 

This society, commonly called the Shaker commu- 
nity of North Union, is located in tiie northwestern 
part of Warrensville, eight miles from Cleveland and 
began operations there in the early part of 1823. The 
previous fall Ralph Russell, one of a number of that 
family, living on lots twenty-two and twenty-three, 
Yisited the Shaker community, at Union Village, in 
Warren county, to investigate their doctrines and, if 
acceptable, to become a member. He received their 
testimony and came home to remove his family thither 
the following spring. Meantime his exposition of the 
Siiaker doctrines had made sucli an impression on his 
friends and neighbors that when the knowledge of it 
came to the elders of the Union Village society, they 
determined to visit the locality "to open the testi- 
mony," and if a sufficient number believed, to estab- 
lish an auxiliary community there. 

On this mission came James Hodge and Richard 
Pelham on the 35th of March, 1833. After tarrying 
a few weeks they made a report, urging the society to 
carry out its purpose; and soon after, Richard Mc- 
Nemar, James Hodge, Richard Pelham, Anna Boyd 
and Betsy Dunlavey were delegated to organize the 
believers (Ralpli Russell, Chester Risley, Elijah Rus- 
sell, Riley Honey, Elisha Russell and some others) 
into a common family to be known with reference to 
the parent society as "The North Union." About 
this time public worship after the manner of the 



Shakers was first held in a log cabin on the hill near 
where Ralph Russell lived; and the meetings were 
continued with satisfactory results until the fall of 
the year. When the elders returned home several of 
the brethren from North Union accompanied them to 
more fully study the practical part of Shakerism, as 
exemplified in the usages of an older community. 
Their report gave every assurance of their belief that 
they had found the True Millennial Church. In the 
spring of 1833 lot twenty-two was formally consecrated 
after having been purchased by the trustees of the 
Union Village community. Other purchases were 
made and donations received until at present the 
landed property consists of nearly one thousand four 
hundred acres of choice land, contiguous to the orig- 
inal lot, which is in a good state of cultivation and 
has on it a number of fine farm buildings. 

In 1836 the framed house for the Center family was 
built which was the first frame at North Union, log 
cabins having served up to that period. The stone work 
was done by James S. Prescott, who came from Cleve- 
land for this purpose, and who was so well pleased 
with the Shakers that he connected himself with the 
society, and has remained ever since a prominent 
member. About this time the children, numbering 
twenty-five, were gathered at what is now the East 
house, and were placed under the care and instruc- 
tion of Oliver Wheeler and Prudence Sawyer. Great 
pains have since been taken to educate the youth of 
the community, which is constituted a separate school 
district and as such receives its portion of the State 
funds. 

The elders of the Un on Village community con- 
tinued to visit North Union statedly to preach and 
teach, and the principles of Shakerism having been 
practically tested, the " Covenant" was signed on the 
38th of September, 1838, by Elijah Russell, James S. 
Prescott, Samuel Russell, Chester Risley, Return 
Russell, Elisha Russell, John P. Root, Wm. Andi'ews, 
Edward Russell, Wm. Johnson, Daniel N. Baird, 
Ambrose Bragg, Benjamin Hughey, Barney Cossett, 
Riley Honey, Ebenezer Russell, Mary E. Russell, 
Prudence Sawyer, Emma H. Russell, Lydia Russell 
1st, Lydia Russell 3nd, Jerusha Russell 1st, Jerusha 
Russell 3nd, Clarissa Risley, Clarinda Baird, Melinda 
Russell, Hannah Addison, Caroline Bears, Candace 
P. Russell, Mercy Sawyer, Esther Russell, Abigail 
Russell, Phebe Russell, Phebe Andrews, Almeda 
Cossett, Adaliue Russell and Diantha Carpenter. 
Sixteen more brethren and twenty-seven sisters signed 
later in the fall of 1838, making in all eighty mem- 
bers. 

The churcli was fully organized by the election of 
James S. Prescott, Chester Risley, Prudence Sawyer 
and E.inice Russell as elders and elderesses; Return 
Russell, Elisha Russell. John P. Root, Lydia Russell 
1st and Huldah Russell as deacons and deaconesses. 
As other families were formed each had its own offi- 
cers. At present the community is composed of three 
families, viz: The East family, having twenty-five 



WAKRENSVILLE. 



533 



membera, of whicli John P. Root and Charles Taylor 
are the elders, and Ilachael Russell and Harriet Sny- 
der the eldcresses. The Center Family, having thirty 
members, of which Samuel Miner and George W. 
Ingalls, are the elders; Lusetta Walker and Clyminia 
Miner the elderesses. The Mill Family, having twelve 
members of which Curtis Cramer and Watson An- 
drews are tlie elders; Lydia Cramer and Temperance 
Devan the elderesses. 

The duties'of the above otticers are mainly spiritual. 
The temporalities are controlled by a board of trus- 
tees, composed of James S. Prescott, Ueorge W. In- 
galls and Samuel S. Miner; the ollicc-deaconessess are 
('andace Russell, Abigail Russell and Margaret Saw- 
yer. Each family has a very comfortable residence, 
connected witli which are shops and other buildings 
in wiiich the members find occupation, although agri- 
culture is the principal industry. Many of the mem- 
bers being aged and infirm, the society is obliged to 
employ a force of outside help to carry on its large 
farm. 

The community has always been dependent on 
Union Village for its ministers, who visit this place 
statedly to siiow the more perfect way and ''unfold 
the testimony," accoi'ding to the standpoint of the 
United Believers. At present these are Wm. Rey- 
nolds, Amos Parkluist, Louisa Farnham and Adaline 
Wells. The meeting liouse at the residence of the 
Center family is the second in which the community 
has worshiped, and was erected in 1849. It is a plain 
frame, fifty by one hundred feet, and has twenty-foot 
posts. The public meetings were discontinued in 
1877, but each family maintains a meeting every Sab- 
bath afternoon in its assembly room, in addition to its 
usual devotions, to which unbelievers are admitted 
under proper restrictions. Tiie forms of worship 
have been some somewhat modified, the principal 
change being the substitution of marching for danc- 
ing; but the essential features of the community re- 
main as they wei'e established, half a century ago; 
and although the vitality of the society has been some- 
wliat impaired by death and other causes, it will 
probably be able to maintain an existence for many 
years to come to elucidate the principles of its mem- 
bers, which, although they can never be generally ac- 
cepted, are yet entitled to just consideration before 
they are utterly condemned. 

THE I'KOTESTANT METHODIST CHIKCU. 

Sometime after 1833 a society of Reformed Meth- 
odists was organized in the township wliich, in a short 
time, became the nucleus of the above society. About 
1835 a meeting-house was erected at the center which 
was used while the church had an existence; but after 
18G0, wlicn but two male members — W. II. Warren 
and R. P. Bennett — were left, it was sold and moved 
to Orange. Tiiis change from a large and flourishing 
membership was caused chiefly by removals and 
death. Among the clergy who jireached iu the 
church are remembered the names of Revs. Dolby, 



Heath, Bamford, Reeves, Tracy, Moody, Kingsley 

and Bowman. 

THE DISriPLE oirrRCH. 

A few years after the erection of the above church 
at tiu' center, a meeting-house for the use of a soci- 
ety of Disciples, which had been organized in the 
township, was built near by, and was occupied for 
worsliip about twenty years when its use was aban- 
doned and tiie house soon after removed. Anion" 
the prominent members of the Disciple church were 
the Ilubbell families. In 1842 the church had forty- 
two conversions and the following year the meeting of 
the clergy of the clergy of the denomination was held 
with the society. Thirteen ministers were present. 
For several years thereafter the church flourished, but 
was dismembered by removals to sucli an extent that 
it was not possible to longer maintain its organization. 

THE EKEE CHURCH OF WAKRENSVILLE. 

This is in the southwestern part of the townsliip 
and is controlled by an association, formed in Janu- 
ary, 18G1, which was composed of William AVatterson, 
John Kelley, William Kerruish, Robert Carran, Wil- 
liam Callon, D. L. Wightman, AVilliam P. Cain, 
James Boyd and Thomas Collister. An old frame 
school-house was purchased and has been so thoroughly 
repaired that it now affords a comfortable place of 
worship. The controlling trustees are William P. 
Cain, James Boyd and Thomas Taubman. The house 
is free for any religious sect which may choose to hold 
its meetings there, but has been occupied princijially 
by the Bible Christians. This sect also owns a neat 
chapel in the northeastern part of the townshijj, in 
which meetings are statedly held in connection with 
the foregoing, and other appointments in Orange 
where resides the pastor, the Rev. Moore. Tiie mem- 
bership in Warrensvilie is small, but the churcii work 
is in a sound condition. The society was organized 
December 11, 1862, with AVilliam Lang, Alexander 
Barber, Isaac Burt and John Short, trustees. 

THE METHODIST EPI.SCOPAL CHURCH IX WAKKEX.S- 
VILLE.* 

The present organization of the Methodist Episco- 
pal church in Warrensvilie was effected November 13, 
1837, by the formation of a clsiss at the center of the 
township. Previous to that time a class had been 
formed; but it w;is soon afterwards dissolved, most of 
the members joining the Protestant Methodist church. 
The members composing the class formed at the time 
above stated were Silas Johnson, class leader; Ase- 
nath Johnson, Asa Upson, Chloe Upson, James Lee, 
Amos Gardner, Moses Warren. Sr., Anna Hoisted, 
David Cushman. Almira Cushman, Hiram B. Craine 
(local iireacher), Jane Craine, Warren Thorp, Han- 
nah Tiiorp, Fanny Bronson, Dayton Thorp, Sallv 
Kilby, Timothy Hoisted, Gideon Pierce, Mary A. 
Johnson, Gertie Johnson, Daniel Hubbard, E. L. 



*Bj William S. Coriett, Esq. 



534 



THE TOWNSHirS OF CUYAHOGA COUNTY. 



Hubbard, Lydia Thomas, John Hewit, Thomas 
Quayle, A. Quayle, Ann Hampton, John Kneule, John 
Teare and 0. Boyd. 

The society held its meetings in the center school- 
house until 184.5 when a church Avas erected in that 
locality by Asa Upson, Kobert Smith and .John Hew- 
itt as a building committee. This church was con- 
tinuously occupied by the Methodists until burned 
down in 1866, when Warrensville Center was without 
a church building — three liaviug stood there but a 
short time before. Adapting themselves to the change 
of circumstances the Methodists returned to the school- 
house and continued to hold services therein. In the 
winter of 1867-8 a meeting of the prominent and in- 
fluential people of the township was held at the resi- 
dence of Robert Smith, whereat steps were taken to 
secure the erection of a new house of worship. Some 
time after a building committee was appointed con- 
sisting of Rev. Robeit Smith, Erastus Smith, Joseph 
Thorp, William H. Warren and Edwin Taylor, with 
authority to build a church at Warrensville Center. 
Rev. R. Smith was appointed a sub-committee to su- 
jjcrintend the building. The result was that in the 
simmer of 1868 the present commodious and conven- 
ient cluirch was erected. The dedicatoiy services 
wjre conducted by Rev. Cyrus Prendle, D.D. The 
church has been recently very mucli improved in ap- 
pearance and comfort by the ladies, headed by Mrs. 
D. Canieion, Mrs C. Harrison and Mrs. Eliza J. 
Teare. 

There is at present preacliing each Sabbath morn- 
ing, the circuit preacher alternating with tlie Rev. 
Robert Smith, a local deacon of the M. E. Church. 
In the year 1837 regular preacliing by the circuit 
preachers was commenced at the lladclitfe school- 
house, 111 Norl' 'Warrensville, and continuously kept 
ii|» to the pre^'Mt. Occasionally, previous to this 
" >. IV- iig local preachers was kept up, some- 
■■; .,inf s( ■ ool-house and sometimes at private 
.^noo- lU't it was not till after 1837 that tlie 6rst 
II...-.- ivas ;)rganized. 

The original membe-'s compos-ing this class were 
James Smith, Mary Smith, Robert Smith, James Lee, 
Laura Loe, Caleb Litch, Mercy Litcii and Elizabeth 
Corijett. Tlie class was soon increased by the addi- 



tion of several others. .Among the first to join was 
Jehu Radclifife, Jr., the present recording steward 
of the circuit. Robert Smith has been leader of this 
class for about forty years. 

The first Sunday-school in the townshiii was or- 
ganized in the Radcliffe school-house by the Method- 
ists, and for forty years has been regularly main- 
tained, Robert Smith being for most of the time 
superintendent. At present the Sunday-school at 
the center and the one at Radcliffe school-house are 
superintended liy Wm. S. Corlett. There is a M. E. 
Sunday-school in the school-house in Northeast 
Warrensville, Rev. Seneca Thomas, suiierintendent; 
and recently a Sunday-school was organized in the 
school-house in District No. 1, in the westei-n part of 
township, Wm. M. Warren be'ug superintendent. 

The following Methodist Episcopal ministers 
have preached at the Center M. E. Church and the 
Radcliffe school-house, in connection with other 
preaching places, forming a circuit sometimes com- 
posed of several townships. At present the circuit is 
composed of the above two appointments in Warrens- 
ville, two more in Orange, and one at the Euclid 
stone school-house: 

1837, Phillip Green, Peter Burroughs; 1838, Lo- 
enzo D. Prosser, J. W. Davis; 1839, John H. 
Hallock, William P. Wilson, Geo. C. Baker; 1840, 
J. H. Hallock, Milo H. Bettis; 1841, W. French, 
John 0. Wood; 1842, W. French, Wm. S. Warallo; 
1843, W. S. Warallo, H. Elliott; 1844, John E. 
Aikius, Milo Bntler; 1845, J. E. Aikins, C. P. 
Henry; 1846, Albina Hall, D. M. Stearns; 1847, A. 
Hall, John H. Tagg; 1848, Samuel Gregg, W. F. 
Day; 1849, Ira Eddy, W. F. Day; 1850-51, A. 
Walker, E. C. Lattimer; 1853, A. Fonts, Samuel 
Raynels; 1853, A. Touts, Robert Gray; 1854, Thomas 
Radcliffe, Joseph Wooley; 1855, William Patterson, 
JohnMcCarthy; 1856, L.W. Ely, AlbertNorton; 1857, 
H. P. Henderson, L. E. Beardsley; 1858-9, Hiram 
Kellogg; 1860, Cyril Wilson; 1861, M.Williams; 1862, 
G. R. Bowman; 1863-4, J. K. Mendenhall; 1865-6-7, 
B. C. Warner; 1868-9, Thomas Radclitfe; 1870, A. 
Fonts; 1871, Robert Gray; 1872-3, Hiram Kellogg; 
1874, C. W. Darrow; 1875, S. Collier; 1876-7, George 
Johns; 1878-9, F. L. Chalker. 







- '-' y% /^ ' • S/^^ /. . • y 








!F&^ N MANCHESTER, 
'"'^ INDIANA 



